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","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":122254,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_025_01.bmp"},{"id":2532,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/fs02501/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afce4b07f02db696730","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Woodside, Michael D. mdwoodsi@usgs.gov","contributorId":2903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodside","given":"Michael D.","email":"mdwoodsi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":203783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hoos, Anne B. abhoos@usgs.gov","contributorId":2236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoos","given":"Anne","email":"abhoos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":203782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":33106,"text":"b2064AA - 2001 - Geology, geochemistry, and mineral resources of the lower part of the middle fork Boise River drainage basin, Boise and Elmore counties, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:09","indexId":"b2064AA","displayToPublicDate":"2001-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2064","chapter":"AA","title":"Geology, geochemistry, and mineral resources of the lower part of the middle fork Boise River drainage basin, Boise and Elmore counties, Idaho","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/b2064AA","usgsCitation":"Kiilsgaard, T.H., and Smith, C.L., 2001, Geology, geochemistry, and mineral resources of the lower part of the middle fork Boise River drainage basin, Boise and Elmore counties, Idaho (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 2064, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/b2064AA.","productDescription":"21 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":160637,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3299,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/b2064-aa/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c679","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kiilsgaard, Thor H.","contributorId":68738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kiilsgaard","given":"Thor","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":209902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Cole L.","contributorId":70757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Cole","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":209903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":33090,"text":"b2064T - 2001 - Historical perspective of the mineral production of Idaho, with comments on the Hailey 1 degree x 2 degrees quadrangle, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:17","indexId":"b2064T","displayToPublicDate":"2001-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2064","chapter":"T","title":"Historical perspective of the mineral production of Idaho, with comments on the Hailey 1 degree x 2 degrees quadrangle, Idaho","docAbstract":"Idaho has a long and diverse history of minerals exploration and production. A comprehensive look at this history, combined with documentation of the distribution and magnitude of past and present mineral production, can lead to a better understanding of the mineral endowment and potential resources. The total mineral production of Idaho (1905?1972), when examined as unit regional values and compared to the rest of the United States, shows that Idaho has produced above the median value of other States for both metals and precious materials, near the median value for nonmetals, and below the median value for construction materials and fuels. An examination of selected commodities within Idaho, by county, for a fifty-year period (1902?1951) shows the dominance of Shoshone County in total production within the State for silver, copper, lead, and zinc.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/b2064T","usgsCitation":"Bawiec, W.J., and Dee, L.L., 2001, Historical perspective of the mineral production of Idaho, with comments on the Hailey 1 degree x 2 degrees quadrangle, Idaho (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 2064, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/b2064T.","productDescription":"21 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":3290,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/b2064-t/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":163362,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a54e4b07f02db62c077","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bawiec, Walter J.","contributorId":83909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bawiec","given":"Walter","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":209869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dee, Lawrence L.","contributorId":79534,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dee","given":"Lawrence","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":209868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":22879,"text":"ofr0121 - 2001 - Precambrian basement map of the north Mid-Continent, U.S.A.; a digital representation of the 1990 P.K. Sims map","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-18T14:09:26","indexId":"ofr0121","displayToPublicDate":"2001-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-21","title":"Precambrian basement map of the north Mid-Continent, U.S.A.; a digital representation of the 1990 P.K. Sims map","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nFor sale by USGS Information Services, Open-file Reports],","doi":"10.3133/ofr0121","issn":"0094-9140","isbn":"0607966440","usgsCitation":"Dicken, C.L., Pimley, S.G., and Cannon, W.F., 2001, Precambrian basement map of the north Mid-Continent, U.S.A.; a digital representation of the 1990 P.K. Sims map: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-21, 1 computer optical disc :maps (chiefly col.) ;4 3/4 in., in plastic box (13 x 15 x 1 cm.), https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr0121.","productDescription":"1 computer optical disc :maps (chiefly col.) ;4 3/4 in., in plastic box (13 x 15 x 1 cm.)","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":154493,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad1e4b07f02db6810eb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dicken, Connie L. 0000-0002-1617-8132 cdicken@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1617-8132","contributorId":57098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dicken","given":"Connie","email":"cdicken@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":189060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pimley, Shana G.","contributorId":54627,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pimley","given":"Shana","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cannon, William F. 0000-0002-2699-8118 wcannon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2699-8118","contributorId":1883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"William","email":"wcannon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":189058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":22708,"text":"ofr015 - 2001 - The radiated seismic energy and apparent stress of interplate and intraplate earthquakes at subduction zone environments; implications for seismic hazard estimation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:58","indexId":"ofr015","displayToPublicDate":"2001-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-5","title":"The radiated seismic energy and apparent stress of interplate and intraplate earthquakes at subduction zone environments; implications for seismic hazard estimation","docAbstract":"The radiated seismic energies (ES) of 980 shallow subduction-zone earthquakes with magnitudes ? 5.8 are used to examine global patterns of energy release and apparent stress. In contrast to traditional methods which have relied upon empirical formulas, these energies are computed through direct spectral analysis of broadband seismic waveforms. Energy gives a physically different measure of earthquake size than moment. Moment, being derived from the low-frequency asymptote of the displacement spectra, is related to the final static displacement. Thus, moment is crucial to the long-term tectonic implication of an earthquake. In contrast, energy, being derived from the velocity power spectra, is more a measure of seismic potential for damage to anthropogenic structures. There is considerable scatter in the plot of ES-M0 for worldwide earthquakes. For any given M0, the ES can vary by as much as an order of magnitude about the mean regression line. The global variation between ES and M0, while large, is not random. When subsets of ES-M0 are plotted as a function of seismic region, tectonic setting and faulting type, the scatter in data is often substantially reduced. There are two profound implications for the estimation of seismic and tsunamic hazard. First, it is now feasible to characterize the apparent stress for particular regions. Second, a given M0 does not have a unique ES. This means that M0 alone is not sufficient to describe all aspects of an earthquake. In particular, we have found examples of interplate thrust-faulting earthquakes and intraslab normal-faulting earthquakes occurring in the same epicentral region with vastly different macroseismic effects. Despite the gross macroseismic disparities, the MW?s in these examples were identical. However, the Me?s (energy magnitudes) successfully distinguished the earthquakes that were more damaging.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr015","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Choy, G., Boatwright, J.L., and Kirby, S.H., 2001, The radiated seismic energy and apparent stress of interplate and intraplate earthquakes at subduction zone environments; implications for seismic hazard estimation (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-5, 17 p., :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr015.","productDescription":"17 p., :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":1454,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr-01-0005/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":155416,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0005/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52165,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0005/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a70e4b07f02db6410be","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Choy, George L.","contributorId":77959,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Choy","given":"George L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boatwright, John L.","contributorId":28269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boatwright","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kirby, Stephen H. 0000-0003-1636-4688 skirby@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1636-4688","contributorId":2752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirby","given":"Stephen","email":"skirby@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":188728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":30722,"text":"fs03301 - 2001 - U.S. Geological Survey World Wide Web Information","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":30722,"text":"fs03301 - 2001 - U.S. Geological Survey World Wide Web Information","indexId":"fs03301","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"title":"U.S. Geological Survey World Wide Web Information"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":53167,"text":"fs05503 - 2003 - U.S. Geological Survey World Wide Web Information","indexId":"fs05503","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"title":"U.S. Geological Survey World Wide Web Information"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":53167,"text":"fs05503 - 2003 - U.S. Geological Survey World Wide Web Information","indexId":"fs05503","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"title":"U.S. Geological Survey World Wide Web Information"},"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-03T08:41:19","indexId":"fs03301","displayToPublicDate":"2001-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"033-01","title":"U.S. Geological Survey World Wide Web Information","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) invites\nyou to explore an earth science virtual library\nof digital information, publications, and data.\nThe USGS World Wide Web sites offer an\narray of information that reflects scientific\nresearch and monitoring programs conducted\nin the areas of natural hazards, environmental\nresources, and cartography. This list\nprovides gateways to access a cross section of\nthe digital information on the USGS World\nWide Web sites.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs03301","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2001, U.S. Geological Survey World Wide Web Information (Supersedes FS 037-00 & Superseded by FS 055-03): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 033-01, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs03301.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":160761,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs03301.jpg"},{"id":285362,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/0033-01/report.pdf"}],"edition":"Supersedes FS 037-00 & Superseded by FS 055-03","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2be4b07f02db612edd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":529229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":31294,"text":"ofr2001183 - 2001 - Simple Techniques For Assessing Impacts Of Oil And Gas Operations On Public Lands: A Field Evaluation Of A Photoionization Detector (PID) At A Condensate Release Site, Padre Island National Seashore, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-21T13:30:34","indexId":"ofr2001183","displayToPublicDate":"2001-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-183","title":"Simple Techniques For Assessing Impacts Of Oil And Gas Operations On Public Lands: A Field Evaluation Of A Photoionization Detector (PID) At A Condensate Release Site, Padre Island National Seashore, Texas","docAbstract":"Simple, cost-effective techniques are needed for land managers to assess the environmental impacts of oil and gas production activities on public lands, so that sites may be prioritized for remediation or for further, more formal assessment. Field-portable instruments provide real-time data and allow the field investigator to extend an assessment beyond simply locating and mapping obvious disturbances. Field investigators can examine sites for the presence of hydrocarbons in the subsurface using a soil auger and a photoionization detector (PID). The PID measures volatile organic compounds (VOC) in soil gases. This allows detection of hydrocarbons in the shallow subsurface near areas of obvious oil-stained soils, oil in pits, or dead vegetation. Remnants of a condensate release occur in sandy soils at a production site on the Padre Island National Seashore in south Texas. Dead vegetation had been observed by National Park Service personnel in the release area several years prior to our visit. The site is located several miles south of the Malaquite Beach Campground. In early 2001, we sampled soil gases for VOCs in the area believed to have received the condensate. Our purpose in this investigation was: 1) to establish what sampling techniques might be effective in sandy soils with a shallow water and contrast them with techniques used in an earlier study; and 2) delineate the probable area of condensate release. Our field results show that sealing the auger hole with a clear, rigid plastic tube capped at the top end and sampling the soil gas through a small hole in the cap increases the soil VOC gas signature, compared to sampling soil gases in the bottom of an open hole. This sealed-tube sampling method increases the contrast between the VOC levels within a contaminated area and adjacent background areas. The tube allows the PID air pump to draw soil gas from the volume of soil surrounding the open hole below the tube in a zone less influenced by atmospheric air. In an open hole, the VOC readings seem to be strongly dependent on the degree of diffusion and advection of soil gas VOCs into the open hole from the surrounding soil, a process that may vary with soil and wind conditions. Making measurements with the sealed hole does take some additional time (4-7 minutes after the hole is augered) compared to the open-hole technique (1-2 minutes). We used the rigid-plastic tube technique to survey for soil gas VOCs across the entire site, less than ? acre. Condensate has impacted at least 0.28 acres. The impacted area may extend northwest of the surveyed area.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr2001183","usgsCitation":"Otton, J.K., and Zielinski, R.A., 2001, Simple Techniques For Assessing Impacts Of Oil And Gas Operations On Public Lands: A Field Evaluation Of A Photoionization Detector (PID) At A Condensate Release Site, Padre Island National Seashore, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-183, 27 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr2001183.","productDescription":"27 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":161262,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":2931,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr-01-183/","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":12511,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr-01-183/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f9e4b07f02db5f3a11","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Otton, James K. jkotton@usgs.gov","contributorId":1170,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Otton","given":"James","email":"jkotton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":205600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zielinski, Robert A. 0000-0002-4047-5129 rzielinski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4047-5129","contributorId":1593,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zielinski","given":"Robert","email":"rzielinski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":205601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":30906,"text":"wri014041 - 2001 - Modeling water quality in the Tualatin River, Oregon, 1991-1997","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-07T09:12:57","indexId":"wri014041","displayToPublicDate":"2001-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-4041","title":"Modeling water quality in the Tualatin River, Oregon, 1991-1997","docAbstract":"The calibration of a model of flow, temperature, and water quality in the Tualatin River, Oregon, originally calibrated for the summers of 1991 through 1993, was extended to the summers of 1991 through 1997. The model is now calibrated for a total period of 42 months during the May through October periods of 7 hydrologically distinct years. Based on a modified version of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers model CE-QUAL-W2, this model provides a good fit to the measured data for streamflow, water temperature, and water quality constituents such as chloride, ammonia, nitrate, total phosphorus, orthophosphate, phytoplankton, and dissolved oxygen. In particular, the model simulates ammonia concentrations and the effects of instream ammonia nitrification very well, which is critical to ongoing efforts to revise ammonia regulations for the Tualatin River. In addition, the model simulates the timing, duration, and relative size of algal blooms with sufficient accuracy to provide important insights for regulators and managers of this river.Efforts to limit the size of algal blooms through phosphorus control measures are apparent in the model simulations, which show this limitation on algal growth. Such measures are largely responsible for avoiding violations of the State of Oregon maximum pH standard of 8.5 in recent years, but they have not yet reduced algal biomass levels below the State of Oregon nuisance phytoplankton growth guideline of 15 ?g/L chlorophyll-a.Most of the dynamics of the instream dissolved oxygen concentrations are captured by the model. About half of the error in the simulated dissolved oxygen concentrations is directly attributable to error in the size of the simulated phytoplankton population. To achieve greater accuracy in simulating dissolved oxygen, therefore, it will be necessary to increase accuracy in the simulation of Tualatin River phytoplankton.Future efforts may include the introduction of multiple algal groups in the model. This model of the Tualatin River continues to be used as a quantitative tool to aid in the management of this important resource.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Portland, OR","doi":"10.3133/wri014041","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Unified Sewerage Agency of Washington County, Oregon","usgsCitation":"Rounds, S.A., and Wood, T.M., 2001, Modeling water quality in the Tualatin River, Oregon, 1991-1997: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4041, v, 53 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri014041.","productDescription":"v, 53 p.","numberOfPages":"60","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":160731,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri014041.PNG"},{"id":311371,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4041/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Tualaltin River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.1700439453125,\n 32.55144352864431\n ],\n [\n -91.1700439453125,\n 32.55144352864431\n ],\n [\n -91.16455078125,\n 32.55144352864431\n ],\n [\n -91.16455078125,\n 32.55144352864431\n ],\n [\n -91.1700439453125,\n 32.55144352864431\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.57421875,\n 45.00365115687189\n ],\n [\n -123.57421875,\n 45.85176048817254\n ],\n [\n -122.178955078125,\n 45.85176048817254\n ],\n [\n -122.178955078125,\n 45.00365115687189\n ],\n [\n -123.57421875,\n 45.00365115687189\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699763","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rounds, Stewart A. 0000-0002-8540-2206 sarounds@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8540-2206","contributorId":905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rounds","given":"Stewart","email":"sarounds@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":204329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wood, Tamara M. 0000-0001-6057-8080 tmwood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6057-8080","contributorId":1164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Tamara","email":"tmwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":204330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":30865,"text":"wri004105 - 2001 - Documentation and verification of VST2D; a model for simulating transient, Variably Saturated, coupled water-heat-solute Transport in heterogeneous, anisotropic 2-Dimensional, ground-water systems with variable fluid density","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-23T16:46:20","indexId":"wri004105","displayToPublicDate":"2001-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-4105","displayTitle":"Documentation and Verification of VST2D: A Model for Simulating Transient, Variably Saturated, Coupled Water-Heat-Solute Transport in Heterogeneous, Anisotropic, 2-Dimensional, Ground-Water Systems with Variable Fluid Density","title":"Documentation and verification of VST2D; a model for simulating transient, Variably Saturated, coupled water-heat-solute Transport in heterogeneous, anisotropic 2-Dimensional, ground-water systems with variable fluid density","docAbstract":"This report describes a model for simulating transient, Variably Saturated, coupled water-heatsolute Transport in heterogeneous, anisotropic, 2-Dimensional, ground-water systems with variable fluid density (VST2D). VST2D was developed to help understand the effects of natural and anthropogenic factors on quantity and quality of variably saturated ground-water systems. The model solves simultaneously for one or more dependent variables (pressure, temperature, and concentration) at nodes in a horizontal or vertical mesh using a quasi-linearized general minimum residual method. This approach enhances computational speed beyond the speed of a sequential approach. Heterogeneous and anisotropic conditions are implemented locally using individual element property descriptions. This implementation allows local principal directions to differ among elements and from the global solution domain coordinates. Boundary conditions can include time-varying pressure head (or moisture content), heat, and/or concentration; fluxes distributed along domain boundaries and/or at internal node points; and/or convective moisture, heat, and solute fluxes along the domain boundaries; and/or unit hydraulic gradient along domain boundaries. Other model features include temperature and concentration dependent density (liquid and vapor) and viscosity, sorption and/or decay of a solute, and capability to determine moisture content beyond residual to zero. These features are described in the documentation together with development of the governing equations, application of the finite-element formulation (using the Galerkin approach), solution procedure, mass and energy balance considerations, input requirements, and output options.
The VST2D model was verified, and results included solutions for problems of water transport under isohaline and isothermal conditions, heat transport under isobaric and isohaline conditions, solute transport under isobaric and isothermal conditions, and coupled water-heat-solute transport. The first three problems considered in model verification were compared to either analytical or numerical solutions, whereas the coupled problem was compared to measured laboratory results for which no known analytic solutions or numerical models are available. The test results indicate the model is accurate and applicable for a wide range of conditions, including when water (liquid and vapor), heat (sensible and latent), and solute are coupled in ground-water systems. The cumulative residual errors for the coupled problem tested was less than 10–8 cubic centimeter per cubic centimeter, 10-5 moles per kilogram, and 102 calories per cubic meter for liquid water content, solute concentration and heat content, respectively. This model should be useful to hydrologists, engineers, and researchers interested in studying coupled processes associated with variably saturated transport in ground-water systems.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri004105","usgsCitation":"Friedel, M.J., 2001, Documentation and verification of VST2D; a model for simulating transient, Variably Saturated, coupled water-heat-solute Transport in heterogeneous, anisotropic 2-Dimensional, ground-water systems with variable fluid density: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2000-4105, xiv, 124 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri004105.","productDescription":"xiv, 124 p.","costCenters":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":160304,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":2740,"rank":100,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2000/4105/wrir00_4105.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.33 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRI 00–4105"}],"contact":"Director, Central Midwest Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
405 North Goodwin
Urbana, IL 61801
The Ozark National Scenic Riverways (ONSR), the Nation's first scenic riverway, was created by an Act of Congress (Public Law 88-492) on August 24, 1964, for \"the purpose of conserving and interpreting unique scenic and other natural values and objects of historic interest, including preservation of parts of the Current River and the Jacks Fork River in Missouri as free-flowing streams, preservation of springs and caves, management of wildlife, and provisions for use and enjoyment of the outdoor recreation resources thereof by the people of the United States\" (National Park Service, 1981). The primary natural resources protected by the park are 134 miles of the Current and Jacks Fork Rivers. About 1.5 million people visit the ONSR annually to take advantage of excellent recreational opportunities, including canoeing, johnboating, swimming, fishing, tubing, camping, hiking, caving, horseback riding, and hunting.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs02601","usgsCitation":"Davis, J.V., and Richards, J.M., 2001, Assessment of microbiological contamination of the Jacks Fork within the Ozark National Scenic Riverways, Missouri—phase I: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 026-01, 6 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/fs02601.","productDescription":"6 p. ","costCenters":[{"id":396,"text":"Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":119262,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2001/0026/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59463,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2001/0026/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 026–01"}],"contact":"Director, Central Midwest Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1400 Independence Road
Rolla, MO 65401