Environmental time series have rich information content that is invaluable for measuring and understanding changes over time and guiding policies to manage change. I extracted information from measurements of 10 water‐quality constituents in upper San Francisco Bay from 1975 to 2016, one of the longest observational records in a U.S. estuary. Changes were detected at every time scale captured by monthly sampling. Long‐term trends included increased ammonium (+53%), nitrate + nitrate (+50%), silicate (+14%), Secchi depth (+42%), and decreased chlorophyll a (Chl a) (−74%) and suspended particulate matter (−45%). Changes at the decadal scale included abrupt shifts (Chl a, nitrate + nitrite) and oscillations between shorter trends of increase and decrease (Secchi depth, phosphate). Long‐term trends were not expressed equally across all seasons, and seasonal patterns of change varied across constituents. These examples illustrate key features of environmental variability at the land–sea interface: (1) water‐quality components change continually at time scales from months to decades; (2) patterns of seasonal, multiyear, and multidecadal change are complex and vary across constituents; (3) primary drivers of change are freshwater inflow, the master regulator of estuarine dynamics, and human activities such as river damming, water diversions, wastewater discharge, environmental policies, and species introductions; (4) extracting the full information content of time series requires multiple analyses, each revealing a different layer of insight into how changes develop over time; (5) water‐quality variability is nonstationary, so future changes cannot be forecast reliably; (6) repeated observation is an essential method of Earth system science with applications in the design and performance measures of environmental policies.
Traveling through Yellowstone National Park (YNP), visitors frequently stop to enjoy the park’s birds: small songbirds flitting about the willows, sandhill cranes engaged in their ritual mating dances, or myriad species of waterfowl loafing in one of the park's many wetlands. Typically while driving the roads of YNP, a majority of visitors consider a stopped car and raised binoculars a sure sign of some large mammal sighting. Bird watchers in YNP are familiar with this expectation and steel themselves to deliver the tough news. Certainly the park boasts its share of large charismatic birds, including trumpeter swans and bald and golden eagles; however, next to the bison, wolves, bears, and elk that bring so many visitors to Yellowstone, the park’s birds often seem overlooked.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Diehl, R.H., and Smith, D., 2019, Yellowstone’s birds are vital: Yellowstone Science, v. 27, no. 1, p. 46-48.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"46","endPage":"48","ipdsId":"IP-103304","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":410469,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":410468,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.nps.gov/articles/yellowstone-birds-vital.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.04495007104536,\n 44.049315642634554\n ],\n [\n -110.52859264917038,\n 44.309321317035455\n ],\n [\n -110.42696911401411,\n 44.22081183241488\n ],\n [\n -110.26492077417033,\n 44.15976111066681\n ],\n [\n -110.05892712182668,\n 44.21884344137848\n ],\n [\n -110.06991344995181,\n 44.395735064139956\n ],\n [\n -110.15231091088926,\n 44.560352926662716\n ],\n [\n -110.07815319604549,\n 44.68351153047547\n ],\n [\n -110.16055065698295,\n 44.8434218609772\n ],\n [\n -110.2621741921392,\n 44.90570581885194\n ],\n [\n -110.30062634057715,\n 44.95474532334168\n ],\n [\n -110.37478405542093,\n 44.950857871381686\n ],\n [\n -110.44344860620214,\n 44.993605360065544\n ],\n [\n -110.7208533913581,\n 44.99166298362675\n ],\n [\n -110.78127819604563,\n 45.00137420750809\n ],\n [\n -111.05868298120195,\n 45.007200151861326\n ],\n [\n -111.04495007104536,\n 44.049315642634554\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"27","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Diehl, Robert H. 0000-0001-9141-1734 rhdiehl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9141-1734","contributorId":3396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diehl","given":"Robert","email":"rhdiehl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":859000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Douglas W.","contributorId":179181,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Douglas W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":859001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70217855,"text":"70217855 - 2019 - Effects of acidic deposition on the biodiversity of forest understory plant communities in the northern hardwood forests of the Adirondack Mountains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-08T14:04:32.863229","indexId":"70217855","displayToPublicDate":"2018-12-31T08:00:31","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"Effects of acidic deposition on the biodiversity of forest understory plant communities in the northern hardwood forests of the Adirondack Mountains","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"New York State Energy Research and Development Authority","collaboration":"New York State Energy Research and Development Authority; USGS","usgsCitation":"Sullivan, T.J., McDonnell, T.C., Zarfos, M.R., Dovciak, M., and Lawrence, G.B., 2019, Effects of acidic deposition on the biodiversity of forest understory plant communities in the northern hardwood forests of the Adirondack Mountains, viii, 80 p.","productDescription":"viii, 80 p.","ipdsId":"IP-086685","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":383095,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":383094,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.nyserda.ny.gov/About/Publications/Research-and-Development-Technical-Reports/Environmental-Research-and-Development-Technical-Reports"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Adirondack Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.45410156250001,\n 42.71473218539461\n ],\n [\n -73.03710937500001,\n 42.71473218539461\n ],\n [\n -73.03710937500001,\n 45.089035564831015\n ],\n [\n -75.45410156250001,\n 45.089035564831015\n ],\n [\n -75.45410156250001,\n 42.71473218539461\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sullivan, Timothy J.","contributorId":196720,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sullivan","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":809913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McDonnell, Todd C.","contributorId":127622,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McDonnell","given":"Todd","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":7087,"text":"Scientist, E&S Environmental Chemistry Inc, Corvallis OR","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zarfos, Michael R. 0000-0002-2902-4773","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2902-4773","contributorId":196724,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zarfos","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":809914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dovciak, Martin","contributorId":196723,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dovciak","given":"Martin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":809915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lawrence, Gregory B. 0000-0002-8035-2350 glawrenc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8035-2350","contributorId":867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lawrence","given":"Gregory","email":"glawrenc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":809917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70215495,"text":"70215495 - 2019 - Movement and diel habitat use of juvenile Neosho Smallmouth Bass in an Ozark stream","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-21T15:45:06.961207","indexId":"70215495","displayToPublicDate":"2018-12-22T10:42:35","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Movement and diel habitat use of juvenile Neosho Smallmouth Bass in an Ozark stream","docAbstract":"Documenting fish movement patterns and examining relationships with both fish and habitat characteristics are essential aspects of sound conservation and management. Stream fish movement and habitat use have been associated with a myriad of factors, and variability among individuals is common. Movement and habitat use patterns of juvenile Smallmouth Bass Micropterus dolomieu in streams are poorly understood, particularly for the Neosho subspecies M. dolomieu velox. Our study objective was to determine diel movement patterns and microhabitat use by juvenile Neosho Smallmouth Bass during late autumn. In 2016, we surgically implanted radio transmitters into 13 juvenile Smallmouth Bass in Honey Creek, Oklahoma. We tracked the fish by using radiotelemetry on 41 occasions over the 26‐d tag life and located fish throughout the diel cycle to characterize movement and habitat use. Movement patterns varied among individual fish, with cumulative movements ranging from 33 to 1,302 m. Incremental displacement (the distance moved between two consecutive relocations) increased slightly with warmer water temperatures and increasing fish size. Although there was also considerable individual variation in habitat use patterns, deeper habitats were associated with larger juvenile Smallmouth Bass and daytime. Fish also tended to use higher‐velocity habitats during the day, and this trend increased over the duration of the study. Our results suggest high individual variation in both movement and habitat use by juvenile Neosho Smallmouth Bass across the diel cycle. We show that juvenile Smallmouth Bass move among microhabitats and would benefit from management actions that maintain and promote instream habitat complexity. Future efforts focused on juvenile Smallmouth Bass movement over longer time periods would be beneficial for understanding movement and habitat use dynamics across a greater range of seasonal and environmental variability.
Anthropogenic development of floodplains and alteration to natural hydrological regimes have resulted in extensive loss of off-channel habitat. Interest has grown in restoring these habitats as an effective conservation strategy for numerous aquatic species. This study developed a process to reproducibly identify areas of former stream meanders to assist future off-channel restoration site selections. Three watersheds in Iowa and Minnesota where off-channel restorations are currently being conducted to aid the conservation of the Topeka Shiner (Notropis topeka) were selected as the study area. Floodplain depressions were identified with LiDAR-derived digital elevation models, and their morphologic and topographic characteristics were described. Classification tree models were developed to distinguish relic streams and oxbows from other landscape features. All models demonstrated a strong ability to distinguish between target and non-target features with area under the receiver operator curve (AUC) values ≥ 0.82 and correct classification rates ≥ 0.88. Solidity, concavity, and mean height above channel metrics were among the first splits in all trees. To compensate for the noise associated with the final model designation, features were ranked by their conditional probability. The results of this study will provide conservation managers with an improved process to identify candidate restoration sites.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/rs11010012","usgsCitation":"Zambory, C.L., Ellis, H., Pierce, C., Roe, K., Weber, M.J., Schilling, K.E., and Young, N.C., 2019, The development of a GIS methodology to identify oxbows and former stream meanders from LiDAR-derived digital elevation models: Remote Sensing, v. 11, no. 1, 12, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11010012.","productDescription":"12, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-099039","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468016,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11010012","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":395216,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa, Minnesota","otherGeospatial":"Boone River watershed, North Raccoon River watershed, Rock River watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -96.45996093749999,\n 41.11246878918088\n ],\n [\n -93.01025390625,\n 41.11246878918088\n ],\n [\n -93.01025390625,\n 44.36313311380771\n ],\n [\n -96.45996093749999,\n 44.36313311380771\n ],\n [\n -96.45996093749999,\n 41.11246878918088\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"11","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-12-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zambory, Courtney L.","contributorId":264754,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zambory","given":"Courtney","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6911,"text":"Iowa State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":832461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ellis, Harvest","contributorId":273018,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ellis","given":"Harvest","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6768,"text":"University of Iowa","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":832462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pierce, Clay 0000-0001-5088-5431 cpierce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5088-5431","contributorId":150492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierce","given":"Clay","email":"cpierce@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":832460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Roe, Kevin J.","contributorId":264758,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roe","given":"Kevin J.","affiliations":[{"id":6911,"text":"Iowa State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":832463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Weber, Michael J.","contributorId":83799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weber","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":832464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schilling, Keith E.","contributorId":106429,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schilling","given":"Keith","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":832465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Young, Nathan C.","contributorId":273025,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Young","given":"Nathan","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":6768,"text":"University of Iowa","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":832466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70207165,"text":"70207165 - 2019 - Global sea-level contribution from Arctic land ice: 1971 to 2017","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-11T08:09:49","indexId":"70207165","displayToPublicDate":"2018-12-21T08:07:58","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1562,"text":"Environmental Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Global sea-level contribution from Arctic land ice: 1971 to 2017","docAbstract":"The Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Program (AMAP) (AMAP, 2017) identifies the\nArctic as the largest regional source of land ice to global sea-level rise in the 2003 to 2014\nperiod. Yet, this contextualization ignores the longer perspective from in-situ records of\nglacier mass balance. Here, using 18 (> 55 °N latitude) glacier and ice cap mass balance\nseries in the 1971 to 2017 period, we develop a semi-empirical estimate of annual sealevel\ncontribution from seven Arctic regions by scaling the in-situ records to GRACE\naverages. We contend that our estimate represents the most accurate mass balance\nassessment so far available before the 1992 start of satellite altimetry.\nWe estimate the 1971 to 2017 eustatic sea-level contribution from land ice north of\n~55° N to be 23.0±12.3 mm sea-level equivalent (SLE). In all regions, the cumulative sealevel\nrise curves exhibit an acceleration, especially after 1988. Greenland is the source of\n46% of the Arctic sea-level rise contribution (10.6±7.3 mm), followed by Alaska (5.7±2.2\nmm), Arctic Canada (3.2±0.7 mm) and the Russian High Arctic (1.5±0.4 mm).\nOur annual results exhibit co-variability over a 43 year overlap (1971 to 2013) with\nthe alternative dataset of Marzeion et al (2015) (M15). However, we find a 1.36x lower\nsea-level contribution, in agreement with satellite gravimetry.\n The IPCC Fifth Assessment report identified constraining the pre-satellite era sealevel\nbudget as a topic of low scientific understanding that we address and specify sealevel\ncontributions coinciding with IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in\na Changing Climate (SROCC) “present day” (2005-2015) and “recent past” (1986-2005)\nreference periods. We assess an Arctic land ice loss of 8.3 mm SLE during the recent past\nand 12.4 mm SLE during the present day.","language":"English","publisher":"IOP publishing","doi":"10.1088/1748-9326/aaf2ed","usgsCitation":"Box, J.E., Colgan, W.T., Wouters, B., Burgess, D.O., O’Neel, S., Thomson, L., and Mernild, S., 2019, Global sea-level contribution from Arctic land ice: 1971 to 2017: Environmental Research Letters, v. 13, no. 12, 125012, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aaf2ed.","productDescription":"125012, 11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-100749","costCenters":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468017,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aaf2ed","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":370144,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-12-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Box, Jason E.","contributorId":198809,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Box","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":777109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Colgan, William T.","contributorId":172448,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Colgan","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":27047,"text":"Dept of Earth and Space Science, York University, Toronto","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":777110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wouters, Bert","contributorId":221138,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wouters","given":"Bert","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36885,"text":"Utrecht University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":777111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Burgess, David","contributorId":221139,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burgess","given":"David","affiliations":[{"id":7219,"text":"Natural Resources Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":777112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"O’Neel, Shad 0000-0002-9185-0144 soneel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9185-0144","contributorId":166740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Neel","given":"Shad","email":"soneel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":107,"text":"Alaska Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":777108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Thomson, Laura","contributorId":176568,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thomson","given":"Laura","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":777113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Mernild, Sebastian H","contributorId":221140,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mernild","given":"Sebastian H","affiliations":[{"id":40332,"text":"Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":777114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70203948,"text":"70203948 - 2019 - Long-term soil-water tension measurements in semi-arid environments: A method for automated tensiometer refilling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-24T16:47:57","indexId":"70203948","displayToPublicDate":"2018-12-20T16:42:11","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3674,"text":"Vadose Zone Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Long-term soil-water tension measurements in semi-arid environments: A method for automated tensiometer refilling","docAbstract":"Tensiometer-equipped data acquisition systems measure and record positive and negative soil-water pressures. These data contribute to studies in hillslope hydrology, including analyses of rainfall runoff, near-surface hydrologic response, and slope stability. However, the unique ability of a tensiometer to rapidly and accurately measure pre- and post-saturation subsurface pressures requires maintenance techniques that have precluded their application to unattended sensor networks in semiarid regions. Under suction, the de-aired water in the tensiometer is drawn from a porous cup. Under positive pressure, dissolved gases from pore water infiltrates the cup. Over time, both contribute to unreliable readings and/or poor signal response through cavitation. To address this problem, we used commercially available equipment to develop a simple system of solenoid valves and a water reservoir that enable automated in situ tensiometer refilling. We tested the system at two post-wildfire hydrologic monitoring sites in the Angeles National Forest, southern California. We present example results from 3 mo of monitoring and show how the tensiometers can be refilled by a remote trigger. By remotely refilling the tensiometer, we were able to continuously monitor quasi-saturated soil pore-water pressures without making repeated and costly maintenance visits.
","language":"English","publisher":"Soil Science Society of America, Inc","doi":"10.2136/vzj2018.04.0070","usgsCitation":"Smith, J.B., and Kean, J.W., 2019, Long-term soil-water tension measurements in semi-arid environments: A method for automated tensiometer refilling: Vadose Zone Journal, v. 17, no. 1, 180070; 5 p., https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2018.04.0070.","productDescription":"180070; 5 p.","ipdsId":"IP-102211","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468018,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2018.04.0070","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437612,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P98G0FS2","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Hillslope hydrologic monitoring data following the 2009 Station Fire, Los Angeles County, California, November 2015 to June 2017"},{"id":364974,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-12-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Joel B. 0000-0001-7219-7875 jbsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7219-7875","contributorId":4925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Joel","email":"jbsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kean, Jason W. 0000-0003-3089-0369 jwkean@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3089-0369","contributorId":1654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kean","given":"Jason","email":"jwkean@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70203609,"text":"70203609 - 2019 - UZIG research: Measurement and characterization of unsaturated zone processes under wide-ranging climates and changing conditions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-23T15:21:55","indexId":"70203609","displayToPublicDate":"2018-12-20T15:19:35","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3674,"text":"Vadose Zone Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"UZIG research: Measurement and characterization of unsaturated zone processes under wide-ranging climates and changing conditions","docAbstract":"Unsaturated zone properties and processes are central to understanding the interacting effects of land-use change, contamination, and hydroclimate on our ability to grow food, sustain clean water supplies, and minimize loss of life and property. Advances in unsaturated zone science are being achieved through collaborations across traditional boundaries where information from biological, physical, and chemical disciplines is combined for new insights. The Unsaturated Zone Interest Group (UZIG) is an organization that exists principally to promote multidisciplinary collaborations and the sharing of ideas, expertise, and technical assets. Here we summarize key findings from 14 papers, several of which originated from a meeting convened by UZIG in 2017 at the University of Florida in Gainesville titled “Land-Use Change, Climate Change, and Hydrologic Extremes: Unsaturated Zone Responses and Feedbacks.” This special section of Vadose Zone Journal contains multidisciplinary research in three general categories relevant to measuring and understanding unsaturated zone responses to changing land uses and climate: (i) unsaturated zone properties and processes; (ii) soil–plant–atmosphere interactions; and (iii) novel field sampling devices. A strong cross-cutting theme in these papers is the value of continuous monitoring data and ways of utilizing them to discover novel hydrologic, biologic, and pedologic information. As climatic and land-use conditions change and demands for resources and stresses on ecosystems continue to intensify, it is vital to improve our fundamental understanding of the processes at work in the unsaturated zone. Toward that goal, we discuss the need for improved ground-based unsaturated zone monitoring networks.
","language":"English","publisher":"ACSESS","doi":"10.2136/vzj2018.11.0198","usgsCitation":"Trost, J.J., Mirus, B.B., Perkins, K., Henson, W.R., Nimmo, J.R., and Munoz-Carpena, R., 2019, UZIG research: Measurement and characterization of unsaturated zone processes under wide-ranging climates and changing conditions: Vadose Zone Journal, v. 17, no. 1, 5 p., https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2018.11.0198.","productDescription":"5 p.","ipdsId":"IP-102646","costCenters":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468019,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2018.11.0198","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":364135,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-12-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Trost, Jared J. 0000-0003-0431-2151 jtrost@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0431-2151","contributorId":3749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trost","given":"Jared","email":"jtrost@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":763261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mirus, Benjamin B. 0000-0001-5550-014X bbmirus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5550-014X","contributorId":4064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mirus","given":"Benjamin","email":"bbmirus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":5061,"text":"National Cooperative Geologic Mapping and Landslide Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5077,"text":"Northwest Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":763262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Perkins, Kimberlie 0000-0001-8349-447X kperkins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8349-447X","contributorId":138544,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perkins","given":"Kimberlie","email":"kperkins@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":763263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Henson, Wesley R. 0000-0003-4962-5565 whenson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4962-5565","contributorId":384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henson","given":"Wesley","email":"whenson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":763264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nimmo, John R. 0000-0001-8191-1727 jrnimmo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8191-1727","contributorId":757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nimmo","given":"John","email":"jrnimmo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":763265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Munoz-Carpena, Rafael","contributorId":215860,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Munoz-Carpena","given":"Rafael","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39322,"text":"University of Florida at Gainesville","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":763266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70201645,"text":"70201645 - 2019 - Efficient hydrogeological characterization of remote stream corridors using drones","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-01-28T08:22:18","indexId":"70201645","displayToPublicDate":"2018-12-19T15:25:44","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Efficient hydrogeological characterization of remote stream corridors using drones","docAbstract":"This project demonstrates the successful use of small unoccupied aircraft system (sUASs) for hydrogeological characterization of a remote stream reach in a rugged mountain terrain. Thermal infrared, visual imagery, and derived digital surface models are used to inform conceptual models of groundwater/surface‐water exchange and efficiently geolocate zones of preferential groundwater discharge that can be quantified using various ground‐based methodology.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.13332","usgsCitation":"Briggs, M.A., Dawson, C.B., Holmquist-Johnson, C., Williams, K.H., and Lane, J.W., 2019, Efficient hydrogeological characterization of remote stream corridors using drones: Hydrological Processes, v. 33, no. 2, p. 316-319, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.13332.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"316","endPage":"319","ipdsId":"IP-102696","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468021,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1491213","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":360579,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-12-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c1b66e5e4b0708288c71d28","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Briggs, Martin A. 0000-0003-3206-4132 mbriggs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3206-4132","contributorId":4114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Martin","email":"mbriggs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":754691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dawson, Cian B. cbdawson@usgs.gov","contributorId":1890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dawson","given":"Cian","email":"cbdawson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":754692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Holmquist-Johnson, Christopher 0000-0002-2782-7687 h-johnsonc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2782-7687","contributorId":168648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holmquist-Johnson","given":"Christopher","email":"h-johnsonc@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":754693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Williams, Kenneth H. 0000-0002-3568-1155","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3568-1155","contributorId":176791,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Williams","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":754694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lane, John W. Jr. 0000-0002-3558-243X jwlane@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3558-243X","contributorId":189168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lane","given":"John","suffix":"Jr.","email":"jwlane@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":754695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70201642,"text":"70201642 - 2019 - The planktonic foraminiferal response to the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum on the Atlantic coastal plain","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-19T14:04:10","indexId":"70201642","displayToPublicDate":"2018-12-19T14:04:24","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2673,"text":"Marine Micropaleontology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The planktonic foraminiferal response to the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum on the Atlantic coastal plain","docAbstract":"Planktonic foraminiferal assemblages in two cores from Maryland and New Jersey show evidence for significant changes in surface ocean habitats on the continental shelf during the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM). At both sites, significant assemblage shifts occur immediately before the onset of the event. These changes include the appearance of abundant triserial/biserial species as well as rare excursion taxa, which are limited to the interval of the carbon isotope excursion at deep-sea sites. The assemblage shifts signal the development of new habitats immediately prior to the onset of the PETM, likely involving warming, surface ocean acidification, increased stratification and oligotrophy. A sharp increase in diversity at the onset of the event is interpreted as a further increase in stratification and warming, as well as increased water depth and more eutrophic conditions. Finally, we observe variant morphologies of several planktonic foraminifera, which may also signal the response of the assemblage to environmental perturbation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marmicro.2018.12.001","usgsCitation":"Livsey, C.M., Babila, T., Robinson, M.M., and Bralower, T., 2019, The planktonic foraminiferal response to the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum on the Atlantic coastal plain: Marine Micropaleontology, v. 146, p. 39-50, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marmicro.2018.12.001.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"39","endPage":"50","ipdsId":"IP-095753","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":360567,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Atlantic coastal plain","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78,\n 36\n ],\n [\n -74,\n 36\n ],\n [\n -74,\n 40\n ],\n [\n -78,\n 40\n ],\n [\n -78,\n 36\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"146","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c1b66e3e4b0708288c71d1e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Livsey, Caitlin M.","contributorId":211721,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Livsey","given":"Caitlin","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":7260,"text":"Pennsylvania State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":754683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Babila, Tali","contributorId":211722,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Babila","given":"Tali","affiliations":[{"id":6949,"text":"University of California, Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":754684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Robinson, Marci M. 0000-0002-9200-4097 mmrobinson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9200-4097","contributorId":2082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"Marci","email":"mmrobinson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":754682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bralower, Timothy J.","contributorId":195144,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bralower","given":"Timothy J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":754685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70206271,"text":"70206271 - 2019 - On the contribution of waves to total coastal water level changes in the context of sea level rise: a response to Melet, et al. (2018)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-29T08:28:48","indexId":"70206271","displayToPublicDate":"2018-12-18T08:28:03","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1246,"text":"Climate Change","onlineIssn":"1573-1480","printIssn":"0165-0009","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"On the contribution of waves to total coastal water level changes in the context of sea level rise: a response to Melet, et al. (2018)","docAbstract":"Response to Melet, A., Meyssignac, B., Almar, R. & Le Cozannet, G. Under-estimated wave contribution to coastal sea-level rise. Nat. Clim. Change 8, 234–239 (2018).\n\nIn a recent paper, Melet et al.1 claim that the contribution of wind-waves to coastal sea-level rise has been under-estimated. Although we agree with the overall premise that coastal wind-wave dynamics are important when assessing the full coastal impacts of sea-level rise, we argue that the paper is misleading.\n\nThe glacial aquifer system, which is a collection of aquifers within Quaternary sediments in the glaciated conterminous United States, is a principal aquifer that supplies groundwater that serves about 42 million people and accounts for about 5 percent of the Nation’s drinking water. This aquifer system (the area of maximum glacial advance) underlies parts of 25 States and covers 1.87×106 square kilometers. A hydrogeologic framework is presented that divides the glaciated United States into 17 distinct hydrogeologic terranes using a geologic approach based on previous mapping. Each hydrogeologic terrane contains Quaternary sediment that is derived from a common depositional history and can be characterized by similar texture and thickness. Characteristics of Quaternary sediments are described using attributes computed from a lithologic database of well logs compiled from 24 States (excluding Kentucky). The hydrogeologic framework presents a nationwide picture of the glacial aquifer system and provides generalizations concerning the nature of aquifers within it (for example, whether the aquifers are shallow or deep, and unconfined or confined). In this way insights can be gained from understanding the similarities and differences in distinct parts of the glacial aquifer system and how they relate to water use and quality and to aquifer vulnerability.
Delineation of hydrogeologic terranes was based on an interpretation of existing geologic mapping of Quaternary sediments and the thickness of unconsolidated material. Overall thickness of Quaternary sediment was used to qualitatively rank the generalized complexity of the hydrogeologic framework in each terrane: “lower” complexity (assigned a terrane code 1), “moderate” complexity (terrane code 2), and “higher” complexity (terrane code 3). Letter designations appended to the terrane codes (for example, 1A, 1B, or 1C) differentiate terranes of similar complexity. Two unique areas, where thick, stratified, coarse-grained sediment dominates, were assigned terrane code 4.
Elements of this hydrogeologic framework include a glacial environments and surficial sediments geodatabase, which includes lithologic, geomorphic, and stratigraphic characterization of Quaternary sediments based on previous mapping; a gridded database of sediment and aquifer characteristics computed from lithologic logs obtained from water-well driller records; a water-use database with information on public-water supply systems and sources of groundwater; and estimated recharge computed from a geologically based soil-water balance model. A generalized map of the bedrock geology based on previous State-level mapping is included as well.
Quaternary sediment in the glaciated United States includes glacial, postglacial (Holocene) and nonglacial sediments. At land surface, 60 percent of the glacial sediment is till. Large areas of outwash and ice contact sediments are extensive throughout the Midwest but generally are confined to valleys in the Northeast and the Northwest. Lacustrine sediments were deposited in proglacial lakes adjacent to the present Great Lakes and in glacial Lake Agassiz in the eastern Dakotas and northwestern Minnesota. The median thickness of Quaternary sediment ranges from 6 to 45 meters across the 17 hydrogeologic terranes, but the maximum thickness is more than 500 meters in some areas. Quaternary sediments generally contain less than 10 percent coarse material; the median range is near zero percent under till to about 50 percent under ice contact and outwash sediments. About 80 percent of the coarse material lies within 25 to 40 meters of land surface.
In most of the glaciated United States, there is a small likelihood of penetrating an aquifer-material interval containing coarse material at least 3 meters thick. A single aquifer-material interval was recorded in about 44 percent of lithologic logs, whereas about 11 percent of the logs penetrated multiple intervals. About 44 percent of water wells in the lithologic database are completed in Quaternary sediment, and many of these Quaternary water wells (42 percent) are confined by at least 7.5 meters of fine materials. About 33 percent of these Quaternary water wells are unconfined—the remainder are where only thin layers (less than 3 meters) of coarse material are present. The median depths of Quaternary water wells range from 13 to 40 meters among the 17 hydrogeologic terranes.
Recharge ranges from more than 400 millimeters per year in the Northeast to 11 millimeters or less per year in the Dakotas and Montana (median value of 136 millimeters per year). Annual groundwater withdrawals compiled by county range on an areal basis from less than 1 to 370 millimeters per year, and the mean is 7.4 millimeters per year. About 36 percent of the withdrawals are for public-water supply, of which 70 percent are derived from Quaternary sediments. Groundwater withdrawals are less than 10 percent of recharge throughout most of the glaciated conterminous United States but are a larger proportion of recharge near urban areas in the Northeast and the Midwest, and in counties throughout drier parts of the Midwest.
The salient characteristics of the 17 hydrogeologic terranes are presented through maps and a set of descriptive plots to facilitate visual comparisons between selected sediment and aquifer characteristics. The thickness of Quaternary sediment generally increases from the lower complexity terranes through the higher complexity terranes, consistent with their delineation. Median proportions of coarse material in Quaternary sediment and depths to aquifer-material intervals are highly variable (less than 10 to 50 percent, and 0 to 30 meters, respectively). Median thicknesses of aquifer-material intervals generally fall within a narrow range (10 to 20 meters), except in two terranes that contain thick coarse-grained sediment (30 to 35 meters). The source of water in wells varies from mostly bedrock wells in the lower complexity terranes to mostly Quaternary wells in the higher complexity terranes where the sediment is thickest. A tree diagram compiled from a hierarchical cluster analysis of a matrix composed of metrics based on sediment and aquifer characteristics, and the distribution of water wells in each terrane, indicates some groups of terranes that can be treated as comparable when analyzing groundwater flow and quality.
Aquifer-material intervals indicated on maps prepared from the lithologic logs, including unconfined and confined conditions, correlate well with aquifer systems delineated on state maps for Illinois, Indiana, and North Dakota. The large scale of the study limits the resolution at which the maps can be interpreted, however, and alluvial units are not mapped correctly for some valleys in the Northeast and the Northwest. Lithologic logs used in the study are biased toward shallow depths because not all logs penetrate the entire thickness of Quaternary sediment, but this bias should not limit the utility of the sediment and aquifer descriptions because shallow depths are commonly exploited for water supply. The hydrogeologic framework will support ongoing studies of groundwater flow and quality in the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Assessment program for the glaciated United States.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20185091","usgsCitation":"Yager, R.M., Kauffman, L.J., Soller, D.R., Haj, A.E., Heisig, P.M., Buchwald, C.A., Westenbroek, S.M., and Reddy, J.E., 2019, Characterization and occurrence of confined and unconfined aquifers in Quaternary sediments in the glaciated conterminous United States (ver. 1.1, February 2019): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2018–5091, 90 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20185091.","productDescription":"Report: ix, 90 p.; Interactive Leaflet maps; Data releases","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-081249","costCenters":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":359750,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F71R6PQG","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Databases used to develop a hydrogeologic framework for Quaternary sediments in the glaciated conterminous United States"},{"id":359748,"rank":5,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/ds1090","text":"Data Series 1090","linkHelpText":"- Hydrogeologic Framework for Characterization and Occurrence of Confined and Unconfined Aquifers in Quaternary Sediments in the Glaciated Conterminous United States—A Digital Map Compilation and Database"},{"id":359747,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7HH6J8X","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Digital products from a hydrogeologic framework for Quaternary sediments within the glaciated conterminous United States"},{"id":359745,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2018/5091/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":359749,"rank":6,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2018/5091/sir20185091_index.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"linkHelpText":"- Index page for oversized, interactive Leaflet maps"},{"id":359746,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2018/5091/sir20185091.pdf","text":"Report","size":"17.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2018-5091"},{"id":361089,"rank":7,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2018/5091/versionHist.txt","size":"1.27 KB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"}}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.969069883,\n 35.090811167\n ],\n [\n -65.343237884,\n 35.090811167\n ],\n [\n -65.343237884,\n 50.932504994\n ],\n [\n -124.969069883,\n 50.932504994\n ],\n [\n -124.969069883,\n 35.090811167\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.1: February 2019; Version 1.0: December 2018","contact":"Director, Central Midwest Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
400 South Clinton Street
Iowa City, IA 52240
Competition between microbial sulfate reduction and methanogenesis drives cycling of fossil carbon and generation of CH4 in sedimentary basins. However, little is understood about the fundamental relationship between subsurface aqueous geochemistry and microbiology that drives these processes. Here we relate elemental and isotopic geochemistry of coal-associated water and gas to the microbial community composition from wells in two different coal beds across CH4 and SO42− gradients (Powder River Basin, Montana, USA). Areas with high CH4 concentrations generally have higher alkalinity and δ13C-DIC values, little to no SO42−, and greater conversion of coal-biodegradable organics to CH4 (based on δ13C-CH4and δ13C-CO2 values). Wells with SO42− concentrations from 2 to 10 mM had bacterial populations dominated by several different sulfate-reducing bacteria and archaea that were mostly novel and unclassified. In contrast, in wells with SO42− concentrations <1 mM, the sequences were dominated by presumptive syntrophic bacteria as well as archaeal Methanosarcinales and Methanomicrobiales. The presence of sequences indicative of these bacteria in low SO42− methanogenic wells may suggest a syntrophic role in coal biodegradation and/or the generation of methanogenic substrates from intermediate organic compounds. Archaeal sequences were observed in all sampled zones, with an enrichment of sequences indicative of methanogens in low SO42− zones and unclassified sequences in high SO42− zones. However, sequences indicative of Methanomassiliicoccales were enriched in intermediate SO42− zones and suggest tolerance to SO42− and/or alternative metabolisms in the presence of SO42−. Moreover, sequences indicative of methylotrophic methanogens were more prevalent in an intermediate SO42− and CH4 well and results suggest an important role for methylotrophic methanogens in critical zone transitions. The presented results demonstrate in situ changes in bacterial and archaeal population distributions along a SO42− gradient associated with recalcitrant, organic carbon that is biodegraded and converted to CO2 and/or CH4.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2018.11.009","usgsCitation":"Schweitzer, H., Ritter, D., McIntosh, J., Barnhart, E.P., Cunningham, A.B., Vinson, D., Orem, W.H., and Fields, M.W., 2019, Changes in microbial communities and associated water and gas geochemistry across a sulfate gradient in coal beds: Powder River Basin, USA: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 245, p. 495-513, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2018.11.009.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"495","endPage":"513","ipdsId":"IP-094442","costCenters":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468025,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2018.11.009","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":360261,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Powder River Basin","volume":"245","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c137dc8e4b006c4f8514856","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schweitzer, Hannah","contributorId":211468,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schweitzer","given":"Hannah","affiliations":[{"id":36555,"text":"Montana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":754144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ritter, Daniel","contributorId":211473,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ritter","given":"Daniel","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":754145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McIntosh, Jennifer","contributorId":100059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McIntosh","given":"Jennifer","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":754146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Barnhart, Elliott P. 0000-0002-8788-8393","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8788-8393","contributorId":203225,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnhart","given":"Elliott","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":754143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cunningham, Alfred B.","contributorId":172389,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cunningham","given":"Alfred","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":754147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Vinson, David","contributorId":211474,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vinson","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":754148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Orem, William H. 0000-0003-4990-0539 borem@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4990-0539","contributorId":577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orem","given":"William","email":"borem@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":754149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Fields, Matthew W.","contributorId":172391,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fields","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":754150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70201138,"text":"sim3423 - 2019 - Delineation of selected lithologic units using airborne electromagnetic data near Cedar Rapids, Iowa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-08T12:22:20","indexId":"sim3423","displayToPublicDate":"2018-12-12T13:38:43","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3423","displayTitle":"Delineation of Selected Lithologic Units Using Airborne Electromagnetic Data near Cedar Rapids, Iowa","title":"Delineation of selected lithologic units using airborne electromagnetic data near Cedar Rapids, Iowa","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the City of Cedar Rapids, began a study in 2013 to better understand the effects of drought stress on the Cedar River alluvial aquifer. After an evaluation of the existing groundwater-flow models for the alluvial aquifer, a plan was begun to construct an updated groundwater-flow model capable of evaluating the effect of prolonged drought and increased demand. As part of the effort to update the existing groundwater-flow model, data were collected during an airborne electromagnetic (AEM) survey in May 2017. The study area for the AEM survey encompasses about 53 square kilometers of the Cedar River Basin, west of Cedar Rapids, Iowa, and includes a 19-kilometer reach of the Cedar River. The AEM survey of the Cedar River alluvial aquifer and adjacent areas was completed to characterize the subsurface geology of the area to refine a lithologic framework. The collected AEM data were postprocessed by numerical inversion using the program EM1DFM to produce subsurface apparent resistivity cross sections. Changes observed in resistivity profile values with depth were used to infer lithologic changes and delineate three of the four lithologic units designated in the lithologic framework for this area: alluvial deposits, glacial till, and bedrock; hereafter referred to as the “lithologic framework.” The fourth unit, composed of surficial eolian sediments, was not delineated in these profiles because these units are thin and discontinuous and are not reliably distinguishable from flood plain alluvial deposits. For the purposes of delineating lithologic units using the AEM data, bedrock was assumed to be the lowest unit in a profile, glacial till was deposited on a bedrock surface, and alluvium was deposited on erosional till or bedrock surfaces.
A three-dimensional fence diagram was created as part of the lithologic framework to further define the extent and thickness of the lithologic units near the Cedar River alluvial aquifer. The fence diagram shows a three-dimensional perspective of unit thickness, extent, and orientation of the delineated lithologic framework. A lithologic framework, by design, is intended to represent a simplification of a more complex natural system through data interpolation between known points, which usually are lithologic logs. The resistivity profiles produced from the AEM survey allow for continuous mapping and accurate interpolation of lithology between lithologic logs; however, the apparent resistivity value may reflect several characteristics of subsurface materials including variations in lithology, porosity, water quality, grain sorting, and degree of saturation. In this study, the only variables considered were those related to changes in the subsurface material.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3423","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Cedar Rapids","usgsCitation":"Valder, J.F., Haj, A.E., Bristow, E.L., and Valseth, K.J., 2019, Delineation of selected lithologic units using airborne electromagnetic data near Cedar Rapids, Iowa (ver. 1.1, February 2019): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3423, 2 sheets, 9-p. pamphlet, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3423.","productDescription":"Pamphlet: vi, 9 p.; 2 Sheets: 42.0 x 24.0 inches and 44.0 x 28.0 inches; Data Release","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-101741","costCenters":[{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":361084,"rank":6,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3423/versionHist.txt","text":"Version History","size":"1 kB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"description":"SIM 3423 Version History"},{"id":360194,"rank":4,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3423/sim3423_sheet2.pdf","text":"Sheet 2","size":"2.99 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3423 Sheet 2"},{"id":360192,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3423/sim3423_pamphlet.pdf","text":"Pamphlet","size":"2.00 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3423 Pamphlet"},{"id":360191,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3423/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":360193,"rank":3,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3423/sim3423_sheet1.pdf","text":"Sheet 1","size":"7.65 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3423 Sheet 1"},{"id":360208,"rank":5,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9BS882S","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"Airborne electromagnetic and magnetic survey data and inverted resistivity models, Cedar Rapids, Iowa, May 2017"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa","city":"Cedar Rapids","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.8,\n 42\n ],\n [\n -91.7,\n 42\n ],\n [\n -91.7,\n 42.0667\n ],\n [\n -91.8,\n 42.0667\n ],\n [\n -91.8,\n 42\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.1: February 2019; Version 1.0: December 2018","contact":"Director, Dakota Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1608 Mountain View Road
Rapid City, SD 57702
Located on the northern edge of the West Pacific Warm Pool and having a developed economy and modern infrastructure, Guam is well positioned and equipped for obtaining natural records of the west Pacific maritime paleoclimate. This study was a proof of concept to explore whether useful climate proxy records might be obtained from coral at readily accessible, even if geochemically nonoptimal, coastal sites. A 50-year Sr/Ca record (1960–2010) was thus obtained from a shallow-water, near-shore Porites luteacolony at a recreational facility inside Guam's Apra Harbor and compared with local and regional meteorological records, including the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) indices. The accessibility of the site enabled documentation of relevant environmental variables for 16 months (September 2009–December 2010): seawater δ18O, pH, seawater cations, and nitrate. Time series of seawater δ18O, pH, and cations show evidence of freshwater input from direct rainfall and stream discharge into the harbor. An anomalously higher mean and variable concentrations of Ba suggest the presence of river-borne, fine-grained terrigenous sediment. Nevertheless, the Sr/Ca time series reproduces a long-term warming trend seen in historical records of local air temperature and regional sea-surface temperature (SST) and closely tracks the ENSO and PDO indices over the entire 50-year record. The consistency of the results with Guam's historical instrumental records, previous coral δ18O results from Guam obtained by others, and previous Sr/Ca proxy results for SST in similar environments elsewhere demonstrate that accessible near-shore sites—where environmental conditions can be monitored—can produce useful Sr/Ca records of local and regional climate phenomena.
","language":"English","publisher":"Coastal Education and Research Foundation","doi":"10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-16-00099.1","usgsCitation":"Bell, T., Lander, M., Jenson, J., Randall, R., Partin, J.W., and Prouty, N.G., 2019, A 50-year Sr/Ca time series from an enclosed, shallow-water Guam coral: In situ monitoring and extraction of a temperature trend, annual cycle, and ENSO and PDO signals: Journal of Coastal Research, v. 35, no. 2, p. 269-286, https://doi.org/10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-16-00099.1.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"269","endPage":"286","ipdsId":"IP-075254","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":360156,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10a8e2e4b034bf6a7e4dbb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bell, Tomoko","contributorId":211310,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bell","given":"Tomoko","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7267,"text":"University of Tokyo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":753624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lander, Mark","contributorId":211311,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lander","given":"Mark","affiliations":[{"id":38228,"text":"University of Guam","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":753625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jenson, John","contributorId":211312,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jenson","given":"John","affiliations":[{"id":38228,"text":"University of Guam","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":753626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Randall, Richard","contributorId":211313,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Randall","given":"Richard","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38228,"text":"University of Guam","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":753627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Partin, Judson W.","contributorId":203459,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Partin","given":"Judson","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":36624,"text":"Institute for Geophysics, Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas at Austin, J. J. Pickle Research Campus, Building 196, 10100 Burnet Road (R2200), Austin, Texas 78758, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":753628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Prouty, Nancy G. 0000-0002-8922-0688 nprouty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8922-0688","contributorId":3350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prouty","given":"Nancy","email":"nprouty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":753623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70201350,"text":"70201350 - 2019 - Food‐web structure and ecosystem function in the Laurentian Great Lakes—Toward a conceptual model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-01-28T08:36:06","indexId":"70201350","displayToPublicDate":"2018-12-11T11:00:11","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1696,"text":"Freshwater Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Food‐web structure and ecosystem function in the Laurentian Great Lakes—Toward a conceptual model","docAbstract":"Severity and heterogeneity of stress are major constraints of beta diversity, but their relative influence is poorly understood. Here, we addressed this question by examining the patterns of beta diversity in stress‐sensitive versus stress‐tolerant stream diatoms and their response to local versus regional factors along gradients of stress severity and heterogeneity.
The Adirondack region of New York.
Beta diversity was measured as multivariate dispersion of communities across high stress, low stress, and high + low stress (heterogeneous) environments, encompassing 200 stream samples. Null models were implemented to assess community similarity relative to randomly assembled communities and the importance of local assembly processes versus the regional species pool.
The overall beta diversity was influenced by a combination of severity and heterogeneity of stress, while beta diversity of sensitive species increased with heterogeneity. Beta diversity of tolerant species did not vary with either severity or heterogeneity of stress. Heterogeneity decreased community similarity relative to the null expectation in all groups of species. Stress reduced the importance of local assembly mechanisms for the overall beta diversity and sensitive species beta diversity. In contrast, the importance of local assembly mechanisms increased with stress regarding beta diversity of tolerant species.
Beta diversity responded to both severity and heterogeneity of stress, but turnover along these gradients was mostly driven by sensitive species. The overall beta diversity and beta diversity of sensitive species became more constrained by the depauperate regional species pool, as opposed to local assembly mechanisms. While heterogeneous stress contributed to beta diversity, severe stress suppressed beta diversity through elimination of sensitive species. Therefore, an increase in beta diversity in an environmentally‐stressed region may serve as a forewarning for future loss of sensitive species, should the stress continue to intensify.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/ddi.12865","usgsCitation":"Pound, K., Lawrence, G.B., and Passy, S., 2019, Beta diversity response to stress severity and heterogeneity in sensitive versus tolerant stream diatoms: Diversity and Distributions, v. 25, no. 3, p. 374-384, https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.12865.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"374","endPage":"384","ipdsId":"IP-073100","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468030,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.12865","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":383086,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Adirondack Park, Black River basin, Oswegatchie River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.3936767578125,\n 43.201171681272456\n ],\n [\n -74.33349609375,\n 43.201171681272456\n ],\n [\n -74.33349609375,\n 44.453388800301774\n ],\n [\n -75.3936767578125,\n 44.453388800301774\n ],\n [\n -75.3936767578125,\n 43.201171681272456\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"25","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-12-11","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pound, Katrina L","contributorId":139826,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pound","given":"Katrina L","affiliations":[{"id":13288,"text":"Graduate student, Dept of Biology, Univ of Texas at Arlington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lawrence, Gregory B. 0000-0002-8035-2350 glawrenc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8035-2350","contributorId":867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lawrence","given":"Gregory","email":"glawrenc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":809944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Passy, Sophia","contributorId":248812,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Passy","given":"Sophia","affiliations":[{"id":50025,"text":"Associate Professor, University of Texas at Arlington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70201225,"text":"70201225 - 2019 - Coastal wetlands: A synthesis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-07T15:18:55","indexId":"70201225","displayToPublicDate":"2018-12-07T15:18:52","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Coastal wetlands: A synthesis","docAbstract":"This book and this synthesis address the pressing need for better management of coastal wetlands worldwide because these wetlands are disappearing at an alarming rate; in some countries the loss is 70%–80% in the last 50 years. Managing requires understanding. Although our understanding of the functioning of coastal wetland ecosystems has grown rapidly over the past decade, still much remains to be learned and understood. We have gained insight into the roles of geomorphic processes, hydrologic dynamics, biotic feedback, and disturbance agents in creating and molding a variety of coastal wetland ecosystems across climatic gradients. The variety is expressed not so much in the more obvious differences in vegetation cover, but rather how physical processes both facilitate and constrain a diversity of plant and animal communities. At one level, coastal wetlands are the product of tidal forces and freshwater inputs at the margin of continents. At another level, the plants control the water currents in the tidal creeks draining the wetlands by generating a tidal current asymmetry that controls sediment transport and results in a deep tidal creek surrounded by shallow vegetated wetlands. The vegetation also influences the physics of water and sediment through several other processes including biofilms, bioturbation of sediments, the buffeting of currents and waves, organic enrichment of sediments, and the closing of nutrient cycles. Few ecosystems provide us with so many clear examples of such feedback controls. What we do understand about the structure and functioning of coastal wetlands should provide the theoretical underpinnings for effective management in protecting them for their many contributions to ecosystem goods and services. What we do not understand should compel us to focus our attention and energies toward seeking optimal solutions to some of the most perplexing and urgent problems facing natural resource management.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Coastal wetlands: An integrated ecosystem approach","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/B978-0-444-63893-9.00001-0","usgsCitation":"Hopkinson, C.S., Wolanski, E., Cahoon, D.R., Perillo, G.M., and Brinson, M.M., 2019, Coastal wetlands: A synthesis, chap. of Coastal wetlands: An integrated ecosystem approach, p. 1-75, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-63893-9.00001-0.","productDescription":"75 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"75","ipdsId":"IP-098675","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":360068,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c0b9570e4b0c53ecb2aca78","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Perillo, Gerardo M. E.","contributorId":211190,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Perillo","given":"Gerardo","email":"","middleInitial":"M. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":753392,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wolanski, Eric","contributorId":82186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolanski","given":"Eric","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":753393,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cahoon, Donald R. 0000-0002-2591-5667 dcahoon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2591-5667","contributorId":3791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cahoon","given":"Donald","email":"dcahoon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":753394,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hopkinson, Charles S.","contributorId":139745,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hopkinson","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":753395,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4}],"authors":[{"text":"Hopkinson, Charles S.","contributorId":139745,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hopkinson","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":753326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wolanski, Eric","contributorId":211163,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wolanski","given":"Eric","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":753327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cahoon, Donald R. 0000-0002-2591-5667 dcahoon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2591-5667","contributorId":3791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cahoon","given":"Donald","email":"dcahoon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":753325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Perillo, Gerardo M. E.","contributorId":211190,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Perillo","given":"Gerardo","email":"","middleInitial":"M. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":753329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brinson, Mark M.","contributorId":211164,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brinson","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":753328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70201226,"text":"70201226 - 2019 - Evaluating restored tidal freshwater wetlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-07T15:16:36","indexId":"70201226","displayToPublicDate":"2018-12-07T15:16:32","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Evaluating restored tidal freshwater wetlands","docAbstract":"As restoration of tidal freshwater wetlands has progressed in North America and Eurasia, research findings have continued to emerge on the postrestoration success of these ecosystems. The most common approaches used to restore tidal freshwater wetlands involve excavation or placement of dredged sediment to restore tidal hydrology compatible with vegetation establishment and managed realignment or diversion, which involves reconnecting former wetlands to tides by breaching dikes or levees. Postconstruction monitoring of tidal freshwater wetland restoration projects commonly includes not only studies of hydrology, soil, and vegetation but also geomorphology, microbial communities, seed banks, fish, birds, and invertebrates. Based on a review of assessment approaches and monitoring studies, we present criteria for evaluating tidal freshwater wetland restoration projects. In a case study, we apply these criteria to evaluate restored tidal freshwater wetlands in the highly urbanized Anacostia River watershed (Washington, DC, USA). We conclude that restoration can create tidal freshwater wetlands worldwide that share some structural or functional aspects with natural systems. Soil organic matter and microbial communities may be the slowest components to develop, and watershed urbanizationimposes strong constraints that prevent development of tidal freshwater wetlands similar to those in rural settings.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Coastal wetlands: An integrated ecosystem approach","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/B978-0-444-63893-9.00025-3","usgsCitation":"Baldwin, A.H., Hammerschlag, R.S., and Cahoon, D.R., 2019, Evaluating restored tidal freshwater wetlands, chap. of Coastal wetlands: An integrated ecosystem approach, p. 889-912, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-63893-9.00025-3.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"889","endPage":"912","ipdsId":"IP-089855","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":360067,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c0b9572e4b0c53ecb2aca7a","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Perillo, Gerardo M. E.","contributorId":211190,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Perillo","given":"Gerardo","email":"","middleInitial":"M. 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A paucity of quantitative fishery data, however, limits our understanding of the pre‐acidified communities as well as present‐day impacts of acidification on fish assemblages, which impedes efforts to evaluate temporal trends and biological recovery in streams of the region. Fish communities were characterized at 48 streams (chemistry was assessed at 47 streams) in the western Adirondacks at least once during summer 2014–2016 to assess present‐day effects of acidification on fish assemblages, refine important relations, and identify biological targets and chemical effect thresholds that could help gauge biological recovery across the region. Concentrations of inorganic aluminum (Ali) exceeded chronic and acute toxicity thresholds (1.0 and 2.0 μmol/L) in 21.3% and 8.5%, respectively, of 47 study streams sampled during summer 2014–2016 and in 64.0% and 44.0% of 25 streams sampled during spring 2014–2015. In streams with summer Aliconcentrations less than 1.0 μmol/L, community richness, density, and biomass averaged 2.0 species, 444.2 fish/0.1 ha, and 1,924.4 g/0.1 ha, respectively, whereas density and biomass of Brook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis populations averaged 280.8 fish/0.1 ha and 1,384.0 g/0.1 ha, respectively. These findings identify defensible targets for biological recovery and show that Ali toxicity is not a major concern for fish assemblages in most streams during summer base flow periods but is potentially a serious issue for fish in as many as two‐thirds of streams during spring high flows. Though additional data are needed to address several limitations and information gaps, results from this study provide a sound foundation to gauge biological recovery, detect future effects of climatic stressors, and help ensure that functional stream ecosystems can be sustained or restored in parts of the Adirondacks.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley ","doi":"10.1002/tafs.10137","usgsCitation":"Baldigo, B., George, S., Lawrence, G., and Paul, E., 2019, Acidification impacts and goals for gauging recovery of Brook Trout populations and fish communities in streams of the Western Adirondack Mountains, New York, USA: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 148, no. 2, p. 373-392, https://doi.org/10.1002/tafs.10137.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"373","endPage":"392","ipdsId":"IP-098030","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468033,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tafs.10137","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":362148,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.26184082031249,\n 43.59630591596548\n ],\n [\n -73.5150146484375,\n 43.59630591596548\n ],\n [\n -73.5150146484375,\n 44.18220395771566\n ],\n [\n -75.26184082031249,\n 44.18220395771566\n ],\n [\n -75.26184082031249,\n 43.59630591596548\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"148","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-02-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baldigo, Barry","contributorId":214240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baldigo","given":"Barry","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":759427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"George, Scott","contributorId":214241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"George","given":"Scott","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":759428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lawrence, Gregory B. 0000-0002-8035-2350 glawrenc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8035-2350","contributorId":214242,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lawrence","given":"Gregory","email":"glawrenc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":759429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Paul, Eric","contributorId":214243,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paul","given":"Eric","affiliations":[{"id":13678,"text":"New York State Department of Environmental Conservation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":759430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70201221,"text":"70201221 - 2019 - Seasonality of nitrate sources and isotopic composition in the Upper Illinois River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-07T13:48:06","indexId":"70201221","displayToPublicDate":"2018-12-07T13:47:59","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonality of nitrate sources and isotopic composition in the Upper Illinois River","docAbstract":"To improve understanding of spatial, seasonal, and inter-annual variations in nitrate sources and in-stream processes in the Illinois River system, nitrate concentrations and isotopic compositions were measured in 445 water samples collected over a four-year period (2004–2008) from the Upper Illinois River Basin (UIRB). Samples included surface water in the river and major tributaries, effluent samples from Chicago’s largest wastewater treatment plant (WTP), and representative groundwater from shallow wells in agricultural land. Two principal nitrate endmember sources within the UIRB had distinctive isotopic compositions: WTP effluent with δ15N = 8.6 ± 1.7‰ and δ18O = 0.8 ± 1.4‰ and agricultural groundwater with δ15N-NO3 = 3.4 ± 0.6‰ and δ18O = 3.7 ± 0.5‰ (when minimally affected by nitrate reduction). Isotopic data indicated that the large pulse of nitrate exported from the river basin during the spring was mostly derived from agricultural land drainage, while nitrate from large WTP effluent point sources was predominant in the upper reaches of the river near Chicago. During low base-flow conditions in late-summer and fall, the agricultural nitrate source was greatly diminished and the headwater WTP source was predominant in the river basin export. Our results indicated biogeochemical nitrate reduction and isotopic fractionation occurred within the river network, affecting both agricultural and urban sources during surface-water transport. In addition, diminished agricultural nitrate export was attributable to preferential discharge of biogeochemically reduced groundwater during low base flow. Isotopic indicators of spatial and seasonal variations in the relative importance of different nitrate sources, and their relative susceptibility to natural attenuation, might be useful for guiding monitoring and management practices to reduce nitrate export from complex watersheds with mixed land uses.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2018.11.043","usgsCitation":"Lin, J., Bohlke, J., Huang, S., Gonzalez-Meler, M., and Sturchio, N.C., 2019, Seasonality of nitrate sources and isotopic composition in the Upper Illinois River: Journal of Hydrology, v. 568, p. 849-861, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2018.11.043.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"849","endPage":"861","ipdsId":"IP-100439","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468035,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2018.11.043","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437613,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P93WD0TH","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Chemical and isotopic data for a study of seasonality of nitrate sources and isotopic composition in the Upper Illinois River, 2004-2008"},{"id":360057,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Upper Illinois River","volume":"568","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c0b957ae4b0c53ecb2aca7c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lin, Jiajia","contributorId":211160,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lin","given":"Jiajia","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38185,"text":"USEPA, Corvallis, Oregon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":753315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bohlke, J.K. 0000-0001-5693-6455 jkbohlke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":191103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohlke","given":"J.K.","email":"jkbohlke@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":753314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Huang, Sheng","contributorId":211161,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huang","given":"Sheng","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38186,"text":"Washington DC Dept. of Energy and Environment","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":753316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gonzalez-Meler, Miquel","contributorId":211162,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gonzalez-Meler","given":"Miquel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18137,"text":"University of Illinois at Chicago","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":753317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sturchio, Neil C.","contributorId":149375,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sturchio","given":"Neil","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":15289,"text":"University of Illinois, Ven Te Chow Hydrosystems Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":753318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70215996,"text":"70215996 - 2019 - When ignimbrite meets water: Megascale gas-escape structures formed during welding","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-02T15:24:55.004234","indexId":"70215996","displayToPublicDate":"2018-12-07T09:18:18","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"When ignimbrite meets water: Megascale gas-escape structures formed during welding","docAbstract":"Diverse welding, crystallization, and structural features develop when a hot ignimbrite encounters external water, depending largely on volatile-rock ratios. Such processes are spectacularly documented by a regional ignimbrite, where ponded within an older caldera in the San Juan Mountains, Colorado. Interaction of hot pyroclastic flows with moist underlying sediments or standing water in a stream valley or shallow-lakeshore environment produced mega-scale gas-escape structures, quenched adjacent tuff, inhibited welding, and generated nonplanar crystallization zones. This site provides a context for reviewing examples of ignimbrite-water interaction elsewhere.","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/G45772.1","usgsCitation":"Lipman, P.W., 2019, When ignimbrite meets water: Megascale gas-escape structures formed during welding: Geology, v. 47, no. 1, p. 63-66, https://doi.org/10.1130/G45772.1.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"63","endPage":"66","ipdsId":"IP-103031","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":380027,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"San Juan Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -109.072265625,\n 36.94989178681327\n ],\n [\n -104.853515625,\n 36.94989178681327\n ],\n [\n -104.853515625,\n 38.30718056188316\n ],\n [\n -109.072265625,\n 38.30718056188316\n ],\n [\n -109.072265625,\n 36.94989178681327\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"47","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-12-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lipman, Peter W. 0000-0001-9175-6118","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9175-6118","contributorId":203612,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lipman","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":803725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70201209,"text":"70201209 - 2019 - Mixed-chemical exposure and predicted effects potential in wadeable southeastern USA streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-06T10:46:43","indexId":"70201209","displayToPublicDate":"2018-12-06T10:46:35","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mixed-chemical exposure and predicted effects potential in wadeable southeastern USA streams","docAbstract":"Complex chemical mixtures have been widely reported in larger streams but relatively little work has been done to characterize them and assess their potential effects in headwaterstreams. In 2014, the United States Geological Survey (USGS) sampled 54 Piedmont streams over ten weeks and measured 475 unique organic compounds using five analytical methods. Maximum and median exposure conditions were evaluated in relation to watershed characteristics and for potential biological effects using multiple lines of evidence. Results demonstrate that mixed-contaminant exposures are ubiquitous and varied in sampled headwater streams. Approximately 56% (264) of the 475 compounds were detected at least once across all sites. Cumulative maximum concentrations ranged 1,922–162,346 ng L−1 per site. Chemical occurrence significantly correlated to urban land use but was not related to presence/absence of wastewater treatment facility discharges. Designed bioactive chemicals represent about 2/3rd of chemicals detected, notably pharmaceuticals and pesticides, qualitative evidence for possible adverse biological effects. Comparative Toxicogenomics Database chemical-gene associations applied to maximum exposure conditions indicate >12,000 and 2,900 potential gene targets were predicted at least once across all sites for fish and invertebrates, respectively. Analysis of cumulative exposure-activity ratios provided additional evidence that, at a minimum, transient exposures with high probability of molecular effects to vertebrates were common. Finally, cumulative detections and concentrations correlated inversely with invertebrate metrics from in-stream surveys. The results demonstrate widespread instream exposure to extensive contaminant mixtures and compelling multiple lines of evidence for adverse effects on aquatic communities.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.186","usgsCitation":"Bradley, P.M., Journey, C.A., Berninger, J.P., Button, D.T., Clark, J.M., Corsi, S., DeCicco, L.A., Hopkins, K.G., Huffman, B.J., Nakagaki, N., Norman, J.E., Nowell, L.H., Qi, S.L., Van Metre, P.C., and Waite, I.R., 2019, Mixed-chemical exposure and predicted effects potential in wadeable southeastern USA streams: Science of the Total Environment, v. 655, p. 70-83, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.186.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"70","endPage":"83","ipdsId":"IP-096193","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468037,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.186","text":"Publisher Index 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streamflow permanence throughout the Pacific Northwest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-27T22:23:55.781374","indexId":"70203671","displayToPublicDate":"2018-12-05T16:31:19","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5836,"text":"Journal of Hydrology X","onlineIssn":"2589-9155","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Probability of streamflow permanence model (PROSPER): A spatially continuous model of annual streamflow permanence throughout the Pacific Northwest","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has developed the PRObability of Streamflow PERmanence (PROSPER) model, a GIS raster-based empirical model that provides streamflow permanence probabilities (probabilistic predictions) of a stream channel having year-round flow for any unregulated and minimally-impaired stream channel in the Pacific Northwest region, U.S. The model provides annual predictions for 2004-2016 at a 30-m spatial resolution based on monthly or annually updated values of climatic conditions and static physiographic variables associated with the upstream basin. Predictions correspond to any pixel on the channel network consistent with the medium resolution National Hydrography Dataset channel network stream grid. Total annual precipitation and percent forest cover were consistently the most important predictor variables among global and most subregional models, which had error rates between 17 and 22%. Probabilities were converted to wet and dry streamflow permanence classes with an associated confidence. Wet and dry classifications were used to derive descriptors that characterize the statistical and spatial distribution of streamflow permanence in three focal basins. Predicted dry channel segments account for 52 to 92% of the stream network across the three focal basins; streamflow permanence decreased during climatically drier years. Predictions are publicly available through the USGS StreamStats platform. Results demonstrate the utility of the PROSPER model as a tool for identifying areas that may be resilient or sensitive to drought conditions, allowing for management efforts that target protecting critical reaches. Importantly, PROSPER’s successful predictive performance can be improved with new datasets of streamflow permanence underscoring the importance of field observations.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.hydroa.2018.100005","usgsCitation":"Jaeger, K., Sando, R., McShane, R.R., Dunham, J.B., Hockman-Wert, D., Kaiser, K.E., Hafen, K., Risley, J., and Blasch, K.W., 2019, Probability of streamflow permanence model (PROSPER): A spatially continuous model of annual streamflow permanence throughout the Pacific Northwest: Journal of Hydrology X, v. 2, 100005, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydroa.2018.100005.","productDescription":"100005, 19 p.","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-093406","costCenters":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water 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