One objective of the MultiResolution Land Characteristics (MRLC) consortium is to map general land-cover categories for the conterminous United States using Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) data. Land-cover mapping and classification accuracy assessment are complete for the eastern United States. The accuracy assessment was based on photo-interpreted reference data obtained from a stratified probability sample of pixels. Agreement was defined as a match between primary or alternate reference land-cover labels assigned to each sample pixel and the mode (most common class) of the map's land-cover labels within a 3×3-pixel neighborhood surrounding the sampled point. At 30-m resolution, overall accuracy was 59.7% at an Anderson Level II thematic detail, and 80.5% at Anderson Level I.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0034-4257(01)00187-0","usgsCitation":"Yang, L., Stehman, S.V., Smith, J.H., and Wickham, J.D., 2001, Thematic accuracy of MRLC land cover for the eastern United States: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 76, no. 3, p. 418-422, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0034-4257(01)00187-0.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"418","endPage":"422","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310793,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"76","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"563496a6e4b0480763480061","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yang, Limin 0000-0002-2843-6944 lyang@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2843-6944","contributorId":4305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yang","given":"Limin","email":"lyang@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":578750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stehman, Stephen V.","contributorId":77283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stehman","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":578751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, Jonathan H. jhsmith@usgs.gov","contributorId":2900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Jonathan","email":"jhsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":5055,"text":"Land Change Science","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":578752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wickham, James D.","contributorId":72278,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wickham","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":6914,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70159374,"text":"70159374 - 2001 - Completion of the 1990s National Land Cover Data set for the conterminous United States from Landsat Thematic Mapper data and ancillary data sources","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-14T13:51:43","indexId":"70159374","displayToPublicDate":"2001-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3052,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Completion of the 1990s National Land Cover Data set for the conterminous United States from Landsat Thematic Mapper data and ancillary data sources","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"ASPRS","usgsCitation":"Vogelmann, J., Howard, S.M., Yang, L., Larson, C.R., Wylie, B.K., and Van Driel, J.N., 2001, Completion of the 1990s National Land Cover Data set for the conterminous United States from Landsat Thematic Mapper data and ancillary data sources: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 67, no. 6, p. 650-662.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"650","endPage":"662","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310593,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":310592,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.asprs.org/Photogrammetric-Engineering-and-Remote-Sensing/PE-RS-Archive-Search-2009-and-earlier.html"}],"volume":"67","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"562b5a29e4b00162522207c2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vogelmann, James E. 0000-0002-0804-5823 vogel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0804-5823","contributorId":649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vogelmann","given":"James E.","email":"vogel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":578268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Howard, Stephen M. 0000-0001-5255-5882 smhoward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5255-5882","contributorId":3483,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howard","given":"Stephen","email":"smhoward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":578269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yang, Limin 0000-0002-2843-6944 lyang@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2843-6944","contributorId":4305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yang","given":"Limin","email":"lyang@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":578270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Larson, Charles R. larson@usgs.gov","contributorId":3640,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"Charles","email":"larson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":578271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wylie, Bruce K. 0000-0002-7374-1083 wylie@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7374-1083","contributorId":750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wylie","given":"Bruce","email":"wylie@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":578272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Van Driel, J. Nicholas","contributorId":80688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Driel","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Nicholas","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":578273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":69393,"text":"i2718 - 2001 - Sun-illuminated sea floor topography of quadrangle 18 in the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary off Boston, Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-08T21:34:02.389679","indexId":"i2718","displayToPublicDate":"2001-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2718","subseriesTitle":"GIS","title":"Sun-illuminated sea floor topography of quadrangle 18 in the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary off Boston, Massachusetts","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/i2718","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration","usgsCitation":"Valentine, P.C., Unger, T.S., and Baker, J.L., 2001, Sun-illuminated sea floor topography of quadrangle 18 in the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary off Boston, Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 2718, Report: 1 p; 1 Plate: 26.36 × 33.85 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/i2718.","productDescription":"Report: 1 p; 1 Plate: 26.36 × 33.85 inches","costCenters":[{"id":680,"text":"Woods Hole Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":403328,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_39869.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":256640,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2718/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":256639,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2718/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":256638,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2718/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"25000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator","country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"quadrangle 18, Stellwagen Bank National Sanctuary","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.222,\n 42.68\n ],\n [\n -70.033,\n 42.68\n ],\n [\n -70.033,\n 42.8\n ],\n [\n -70.222,\n 42.8\n ],\n [\n -70.222,\n 42.68\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b01e4b07f02db698631","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Valentine, Page C. 0000-0002-0485-6266 pvalentine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0485-6266","contributorId":1947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valentine","given":"Page","email":"pvalentine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":280314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Unger, Tanya S.","contributorId":29013,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Unger","given":"Tanya","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baker, Jessica L.","contributorId":65111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"Jessica","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":30912,"text":"wri014065 - 2001 - Herbicide use in the management of roadside vegetation, western Oregon, 1999-2000; effects on the water quality of nearby streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-09T08:45:05","indexId":"wri014065","displayToPublicDate":"2001-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-4065","title":"Herbicide use in the management of roadside vegetation, western Oregon, 1999-2000; effects on the water quality of nearby streams","docAbstract":"The Oregon Department of Transportation (ODOT) uses the herbicides Krovar (active ingredients diuron and bromacil), Oust (active ingredient sulfometuron-methyl) and Roundup (active ingredient glyphosate) to control roadside vegetation. The purpose of this study was to assess whether the use of these herbicides could contribute to the load of herbicides carried by Oregon streams.
\nIn spring of 1999, three test plots were constructed on a road shoulder near a crossing of Bull Creek, a small stream near Colton, Oregon, in the Willamette Valley. Simulated rainfall of 0.3 in/hr was applied to the experimental plots 1 day, 1 week, and 2 weeks after herbicide application. The simulated rainfall experiments yielded an upper limit concentration of 1 mg/L (milligram per liter, or parts per million) glyphosate and diuron, and of a few hundred micrograms per liter (µg/L, or parts per billion) of sulfometuron-methyl in runoff from the roadside when rainfall was applied 24 hr after spraying. Concentrations in the ditch itself would be less under natural conditions because of dilution by drainage water from the entire contributing drainage area.
\nThe road shoulder was resprayed at the end of September, and data were collected from late October 1999 through early January 2000, during natural rainfall. Diuron concentrations in the direct runoff from the road shoulder ranged from 1 to 10 µg/L throughout the 3-month sampling period; during the period, concentrations in the roadside ditch decreased from about 10 µg/L in October to about 0.1 µg/L in January, indicating progressive dilution of the roadside herbicide runoff during the fall/winter rainy season. No diuron was detected in Bull Creek downstream from the drainage ditch. A mass balance calculation confirmed that the load to Bull Creek from the drainage ditch was too low to result in detectable concentrations in the stream during October to January.
\nSulfometuron-methyl concentrations in runoff from the road shoulder ranged from 0.1 to 1 µg/L throughout the 3-month sampling period, and in the drainage ditch decreased from about 1 µg/L in October and November to about 0.2 µg/L in January. It was never detected in Bull Creek. Bromacil concentrations were similar to those of diuron. Glyphosate was never detected in fall samples from the road shoulder, the drainage ditch, or the stream.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri014065","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Oregon Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Wood, T.M., 2001, Herbicide use in the management of roadside vegetation, western Oregon, 1999–2000—\nEffects on the water quality of nearby streams: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations\nReport 01–4065, 27 p.","productDescription":"27 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":160300,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4065/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":2878,"rank":100,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4065/wri01-4065.pdf","text":"Report","size":"467 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"PDF of report"}],"contact":"Director, Oregon Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2130 SW 5th Avenue
Portland, Oregon 97201
http://or.water.usgs.gov
No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/i2717","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration","usgsCitation":"Valentine, P.C., Unger, T.S., and Baker, J.L., 2001, Sun-illuminated sea floor topography of quadrangle 17 in the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary off Boston, Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 2717, Report: 1 p.; 1 Plate: 26.49 × 33.78 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/i2717.","productDescription":"Report: 1 p.; 1 Plate: 26.49 × 33.78 inches","costCenters":[{"id":680,"text":"Woods Hole Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":256654,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2717/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":256653,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2717/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":256652,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2717/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":403327,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_39870.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"25000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator","country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"quadrangle 17, Stellwagen Bank National Sanctuary","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.411,\n 42.68\n ],\n [\n -70.222,\n 42.68\n ],\n [\n -70.222,\n 42.8\n ],\n [\n -70.411,\n 42.8\n ],\n [\n -70.411,\n 42.68\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b01e4b07f02db6986a8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Valentine, Page C. 0000-0002-0485-6266 pvalentine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0485-6266","contributorId":1947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valentine","given":"Page","email":"pvalentine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":280372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Unger, Tanya S.","contributorId":29013,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Unger","given":"Tanya","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baker, Jessica L.","contributorId":65111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"Jessica","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":61479,"text":"mf2357 - 2001 - Arsenic in stream sediments of northern Alabama","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-02T16:15:05","indexId":"mf2357","displayToPublicDate":"2001-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2357","title":"Arsenic in stream sediments of northern Alabama","docAbstract":"OVERVIEW OF ARSENIC IN STREAM SEDIMENTS The overall range of arsenic in the NURE stream sediments was from 0.3 to 44 mg/kg sediment (ppm) As in the sample data set. The mean value was 4.3 ppm with a standard deviation of 4.1 ppm. For comparison, the crustal abundance of arsenic is 1.8 ppm (Taylor, 1964). Shale is higher, with average values of 15 ppm. Coal samples from the entire USGS National Coal Resource Data System coal database (Finkelman, 1994) average 24 ppm arsenic. A study of stream sediments from throughout the U.S. by the USGS NAWQA program reported that the 75th percentile for arsenic in 541 stream sediments was 9.5 ppm (Rice, 1999). Given the relatively low crustal abundance of arsenic, a number of stream-sediment samples in this study may be considered geochemically anomalous in this element.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/mf2357","usgsCitation":"Goldhaber, M., Irwin, E., Atkins, B., Lee, L., Black, D., Zappia, H., Hatch, J., Pashin, J., Barwick, L., Cartwright, W., Sanzolone, R., Rupert, L., Kolker, A., and Finkelman, R., 2001, Arsenic in stream sediments of northern Alabama: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2357, Sheet 62 by 44 inches (in color)., https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2357.","productDescription":"Sheet 62 by 44 inches (in color).","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":186819,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6048,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2001/mf-2357/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":110182,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_39183.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"39183"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.65966796875,\n 33.22949814144951\n ],\n [\n -86.50634765625,\n 33.22949814144951\n ],\n [\n -86.50634765625,\n 35.11990857099681\n ],\n [\n -88.65966796875,\n 35.11990857099681\n ],\n [\n -88.65966796875,\n 33.22949814144951\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abce4b07f02db672ea6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goldhaber, M. 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","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/i2716","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration","usgsCitation":"Valentine, P.C., Unger, T.S., and Baker, J.L., 2001, Sun-illuminated sea floor topography of quadrangle 16 in the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary off Boston, Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 2716, Report: 1 p.; 1 Plate: 26.29 × 33.96 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/i2716.","productDescription":"Report: 1 p.; 1 Plate: 26.29 × 33.96 inches","costCenters":[{"id":680,"text":"Woods Hole Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":403326,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_39871.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":256662,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2716/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":256661,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2716/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":256660,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2716/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"25000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator","country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"quadrangle 16, Stellwagen Bank National Sanctuary","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.6,\n 42.68\n ],\n [\n -70.411,\n 42.68\n ],\n [\n -70.411,\n 42.8\n ],\n [\n -70.6,\n 42.8\n ],\n [\n -70.6,\n 42.68\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b01e4b07f02db698682","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Valentine, Page C. 0000-0002-0485-6266 pvalentine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0485-6266","contributorId":1947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valentine","given":"Page","email":"pvalentine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":280609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Unger, Tanya S.","contributorId":29013,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Unger","given":"Tanya","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baker, Jessica L.","contributorId":65111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"Jessica","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":31253,"text":"ofr01103 - 2001 - Index of stations— Surface-water data-collection network of Texas, September 1999","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-08T22:46:48.916491","indexId":"ofr01103","displayToPublicDate":"2001-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-103","title":"Index of stations— Surface-water data-collection network of Texas, September 1999","docAbstract":"As of September 30, 1999, the surface-water data-collection network of Texas (table 1) included 321 continuous-record streamflow stations (D), 20 continuous-record gage-height only stations (G), 24 crest-stage partial-record stations (C), 40 floodhydrograph partial-record stations (H), 25 low-flow partial-record stations (L), 1 continuous-record temperature station (M1), 25 continuous-record temperature and specific conductance stations (M2), 17 continuous-record temperature, specific conductance, dissolved oxygen, and pH stations (M4), 4 daily water-quality stations (Qd), 115 periodic water-quality stations (Qp), 17 reservoir/lake surveys for water quality stations (Qs), 85 continuous or daily reservoircontent stations (R), and 10 daily precipitation stations (Pd). Plate 1 identifies the major river basins in Texas and shows the location of the stations listed in table 1.
Table 1 shows the station number and name, latitude and longitude, type of station, and office responsible for the collection of the data and maintenance of the record. An 8-digit permanent numerical designation for all gaging stations has been adopted on a nationwide basis; stations are numbered and listed in downstream order. In the downstream direction along the main stem, all stations on a tributary entering between two main-stem stations are listed between these two stations. A similar order is followed in listing stations by first rank, second rank, and other ranks of tributaries. The rank of any tributary, with respect to the stream to which it is an immediate tributary, is indicated by an indention in the table. Each indention represents one rank. This downstream order and system of indention shows which gaging stations are on tributaries between any two stations on a main stem and the rank of the tributary on which each gaging station is situated.
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Geological Survey-PetroBangla cooperative assessment of undiscovered natural gas resources of Bangladesh; petroleum systems and related geologic studies in Region 8, South Asia (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 2208, 119 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/b2208A.","productDescription":"119 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":164178,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3274,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/b2208-a/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2ce4b07f02db613aad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wandrey, Craig J. cwandrey@usgs.gov","contributorId":1590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wandrey","given":"Craig","email":"cwandrey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":209813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":61480,"text":"mf2362 - 2001 - Map of normal faults and extensional folds in the Tendoy Mountains and Beaverhead Range, Southwest Montana and eastern Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-07T08:57:42","indexId":"mf2362","displayToPublicDate":"2001-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2362","title":"Map of normal faults and extensional folds in the Tendoy Mountains and Beaverhead Range, Southwest Montana and eastern Idaho","docAbstract":"Compilation of a 1:100,000-scale map of normal faults and extensional folds in southwest Montana and adjacent Idaho reveals a complex history of normal faulting that spanned at least the last 50 m.y. and involved six or more generations of normal faults. The map is based on both published and unpublished mapping and shows normal faults and extensional folds between the valley of the Red Rock River of southwest Montana and the Lemhi and Birch Creek valleys of eastern Idaho between latitudes 45°05' N. and 44°15' N. in the Tendoy and Beaverhead Mountains. Some of the unpublished mapping has been compiled in Lonn and others (2000). Many traces of the normal faults parallel the generally northwest to north-northwest structural grain of the preexisting Sevier fold and thrust belt and dip west-southwest, but northeastand east-striking normal faults are also prominent. Northeaststriking normal faults are subparallel to the traces of southeast-directed thrusts that shortened the foreland during the Laramide orogeny. It is unlikely that the northeast-striking normal faults reactivated fabrics in the underlying Precambrian basement, as has been documented elsewhere in southwestern Montana (Schmidt and others, 1984), because exposures of basement rocks in the map area exhibit north-northwest- to northwest-striking deformational fabrics (Lowell, 1965; M’Gonigle, 1993, 1994; M’Gonigle and Hait, 1997; M’Gonigle and others, 1991). The largest normal faults in the area are southwest-dipping normal faults that locally reactivate thrust faults (fig. 1). Normal faulting began before middle Eocene Challis volcanism and continues today. The extension direction flipped by about 90° four times.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/mf2362","usgsCitation":"Janecke, S.U., Blankenau, J., VanDenburg, C., and VanGosen, B., 2001, Map of normal faults and extensional folds in the Tendoy Mountains and Beaverhead Range, Southwest Montana and eastern Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2362, Sheet 63.5 by 46.5 inches (in color)., https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2362.","productDescription":"Sheet 63.5 by 46.5 inches (in color).","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":186820,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6049,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2001/mf-2362/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":110187,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_39682.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"39682"}],"scale":"0","country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Montana","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -113.75,44.25 ], [ -113.75,45.083333333333336 ], [ -112.5,45.083333333333336 ], [ -112.5,44.25 ], [ -113.75,44.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a93e4b07f02db657f53","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Janecke, S. U.","contributorId":42296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Janecke","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"U.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blankenau, J.J.","contributorId":70855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blankenau","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"VanDenburg, C.J.","contributorId":103742,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"VanDenburg","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"VanGosen, B.S.","contributorId":66714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"VanGosen","given":"B.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":69417,"text":"i2714 - 2001 - Sun-illuminated sea floor topography of quadrangle 14 in the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary off Boston, Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-08T21:14:40.426983","indexId":"i2714","displayToPublicDate":"2001-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2714","subseriesTitle":"GIS","title":"Sun-illuminated sea floor topography of quadrangle 14 in the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary off Boston, Massachusetts","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/i2714","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration","usgsCitation":"Valentine, P.C., Unger, T.S., and Baker, J.L., 2001, Sun-illuminated sea floor topography of quadrangle 14 in the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary off Boston, Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 2714, Report: 1 p.; 1 Plate: 26.33 × 33.50 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/i2714.","productDescription":"Report: 1 p.; 1 Plate: 26.33 × 33.50 inches","costCenters":[{"id":680,"text":"Woods Hole Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":403324,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_39873.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":256649,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2714/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":256650,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2714/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":256651,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2714/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"25000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator","country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"quadrangle 14, Stellwagen Bank National Sanctuary","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.411,\n 42.561\n ],\n [\n -70.222,\n 42.561\n ],\n [\n -70.222,\n 42.68\n ],\n [\n -70.411,\n 42.68\n ],\n [\n -70.411,\n 42.561\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b01e4b07f02db69866c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Valentine, Page C. 0000-0002-0485-6266 pvalentine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0485-6266","contributorId":1947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valentine","given":"Page","email":"pvalentine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":280369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Unger, Tanya S.","contributorId":29013,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Unger","given":"Tanya","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baker, Jessica L.","contributorId":65111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"Jessica","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":69416,"text":"i2713 - 2001 - Sun-illuminated sea floor topography of quadrangle 13 in the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary off Boston, Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-08T21:09:22.865605","indexId":"i2713","displayToPublicDate":"2001-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2713","subseriesTitle":"GIS","title":"Sun-illuminated sea floor topography of quadrangle 13 in the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary off Boston, Massachusetts","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/i2713","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration","usgsCitation":"Valentine, P.C., Unger, T.S., and Baker, J.L., 2001, Sun-illuminated sea floor topography of quadrangle 13 in the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary off Boston, Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 2713, Report: 1 p.; 1 Sheet: 26.28 × 34.99 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/i2713.","productDescription":"Report: 1 p.; 1 Sheet: 26.28 × 34.99 inches","costCenters":[{"id":680,"text":"Woods Hole Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":403323,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_39874.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":256646,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2713/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":256648,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2713/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":256647,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2713/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"25000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator","country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"quadrangle 13, Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.6,\n 42.561\n ],\n [\n -70.411,\n 42.561\n ],\n [\n -70.411,\n 42.681\n ],\n [\n -70.6,\n 42.681\n ],\n [\n -70.6,\n 42.561\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b01e4b07f02db698657","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Valentine, Page C. 0000-0002-0485-6266 pvalentine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0485-6266","contributorId":1947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valentine","given":"Page","email":"pvalentine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":280366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Unger, Tanya S.","contributorId":29013,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Unger","given":"Tanya","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baker, Jessica L.","contributorId":65111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"Jessica","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":30694,"text":"fs14500 - 2001 - Streamflow and water quality in Tarryall Creek downstream from Park Gulch, Park County, Colorado, April 1997-March 2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:14","indexId":"fs14500","displayToPublicDate":"2001-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"145-00","title":"Streamflow and water quality in Tarryall Creek downstream from Park Gulch, Park County, Colorado, April 1997-March 2000","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/fs14500","usgsCitation":"Kimbrough, R.A., 2001, Streamflow and water quality in Tarryall Creek downstream from Park Gulch, Park County, Colorado, April 1997-March 2000: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 145-00, 4 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/fs14500.","productDescription":"4 p. ","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125296,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2000/0145/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59451,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2000/0145/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4ef9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kimbrough, R. A.","contributorId":21150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kimbrough","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":30714,"text":"fs00701 - 2001 - Ground-water resources of the Gallatin local water quality district, southwestern Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:05","indexId":"fs00701","displayToPublicDate":"2001-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"007-01","title":"Ground-water resources of the Gallatin local water quality district, southwestern Montana","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/fs00701","usgsCitation":"Kendy, E., 2001, Ground-water resources of the Gallatin local water quality district, southwestern Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 007-01, 4 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/fs00701.","productDescription":"4 p. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":125183,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2001/0007/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59462,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2001/0007/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a96e4b07f02db65a869","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kendy, Eloise","contributorId":63841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendy","given":"Eloise","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":30721,"text":"fs03101 - 2001 - The tides and inflows in the mangroves of the Everglades (TIME) interdisciplinary project of the South Florida Ecosystem Program","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-02T14:59:23.539565","indexId":"fs03101","displayToPublicDate":"2001-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"031-01","displayTitle":"The tides and Inflows in the Mangroves of the Everglades (TIME) Interdisciplinary Project of the South Florida Ecosystem Program","title":"The tides and inflows in the mangroves of the Everglades (TIME) interdisciplinary project of the South Florida Ecosystem Program","docAbstract":"The U. S. Geological Survey (USGS) has a prominent role in the Federal Government's comprehensive restoration plan for the south Florida ecosystem encompassing the Everglades-the largest remaining subtropical wilderness in the continental United States. USGS scientists, in collaboration with researchers from the National Park Service (NPS), other governmental agencies, and academia, are providing scientific information to land and resource managers for planning, executing, and evaluating restoration actions. One major thrust of the restoration effort is to restore the natural functioning of the ecosystem to predrainage conditions, an objective that requires knowledge of the hydrologic and hydraulic factors that affect the flow of water. A vast network of interlaced canals, rimmed with levees and fitted with hydraulic control structures, and highways, built on elevated embankments lined by borrow ditches and undercut by culverts, now act to control and direct the flow of water through the shallow low-gradient wetlands. As water flows south from Lake Okeechobee past the city of Miami and through Everglades National Park (ENP), it is diminished by canal diversions, augmented by seasonably variable precipitation, and depleted through evapotranspiration. Along its path, the shallow flowing water, referred to as sheet flow, interacts with surficial aquifers and is subject to the resistance effects of variably dense vegetation and forcing effects of winds. New scientific investigations are providing additional insight into the hydrologic and hydraulic processes governing the flow, and recent data-collection efforts are supplying more comprehensive data describing the flow behavior, both of which are benefiting development of improved numerical models to evaluate and restore the natural functioning of the ecosystem.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs03101","usgsCitation":"Schaffranek, R., 2001, The tides and inflows in the mangroves of the Everglades (TIME) interdisciplinary project of the South Florida Ecosystem Program: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 031-01, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs03101.","productDescription":"4 p.","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":123912,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_031_01.jpg"},{"id":388842,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/fs-031-01/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":362286,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/fs-031-01/pdf/fs-031-01.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2001-031"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Everglades","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.8206787109375,\n 25.045792240303445\n ],\n [\n -80.2880859375,\n 25.045792240303445\n ],\n [\n -80.2880859375,\n 26.504988828743404\n ],\n [\n -81.8206787109375,\n 26.504988828743404\n ],\n [\n -81.8206787109375,\n 25.045792240303445\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3321 College Avenue
Davie, FL 33314
Borehole and surface geophysics were used to investigate ground-water quality affected by a road-deicing salt-storage facility located near a public water-supply well field. From 1994 through 1998, borehole geophysical logs were made in an existing network of monitoring wells completed near the bottom of a thick sand aquifer. Logs of natural gamma activity indicated a uniform and negligible contribution of clay to the electromagnetic conductivity of the aquifer so that the logs of electromagnetic conductivity primarily measured the amount of dissolved solids in the ground water near the wells. Electromagnetic-conductivity data indicated the presence of a saltwater plume near the bottom of the aquifer. Increases in electromagnetic conductivity, observed from sequential logging of wells, indicated the saltwater plume had moved north about 60 to 100 feet per year between 1994 and 1998. These rates were consistent with estimates of horizontal ground-water flow based on velocity calculations made with hydrologic data from the study area.
Ratios of chloride to bromide concentrations in water samples were used to distinguish sources of chloride in the ground water?whether from road-deicing salt, domestic wastewater, or natural occurrences. Water samples identified with the chloride/bromide ratios as being affected by road-deicing salt had concentrations of dissolved solids, chloride, and sodium many times the background levels for the study area. The largest concentrations were in water from wells near the salt-storage facility?12,400 to 12,800 milligrams per liter (mg/L) dissolved solids, 6,730 to 7,230 mg/L chloride, and 3,690 to 4,400 mg/L sodium.
A conceptual, multi-layer model was developed to describe the vertical extent of the saltwater plume in the vicinity of the monitoring wells. A relation was derived between average borehole electromagnetic conductivity in the screened interval of the wells in the saltwater plume and concentrations of dissolved solids in water samples from those wells. This relation was used in the model to show borehole electromagnetic conductivity in transects of wells as a zone of saline water overlain by zones of brackish water and freshwater. The thickness and altitude of the zones of saline and brackish water decreased with increased distance from the salt-storage facility.
Two surface surveys of terrain electromagnetic conductivity were used to map the horizontal extent of the saltwater plume in areas without monitoring wells. Background values of terrain conductivity were measured in an area where water-quality and borehole geophysical data did not indicate saline or brackish water. Based on a guideline from previous case studies, the boundaries of the saltwater plume were mapped where terrain conductivity was 1.5 times background. The extent of the saltwater plume, based on terrain conductivity, generally was consistent with the available water-quality and borehole electromagnetic-conductivity data and with directions of ground-water flow determined from water-level altitudes.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Indianapolis, IN","doi":"10.3133/wri004070","usgsCitation":"Risch, M., and Robinson, B., 2001, Use of borehole and surface geophysics to investigate ground-water quality near a road-deicing salt-storage facility, Valparaiso, Indiana: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2000–4070, Report: vi, 63 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri004070.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 63 p.","numberOfPages":"71","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":2737,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2000/4070/wri20004070.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.04 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRI 2000-4070"},{"id":160294,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2000/4070/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","county":"Porter County","city":"Valparaiso","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-85.9369,39.9272],[-85.9379,39.87],[-85.9541,39.8696],[-85.9518,39.6969],[-85.9523,39.638],[-86.248,39.6335],[-86.3268,39.6318],[-86.3281,39.8526],[-86.328,39.8662],[-86.325,39.8662],[-86.3267,39.9238],[-86.2967,39.9246],[-86.2757,39.925],[-86.2385,39.9259],[-85.9801,39.9269],[-85.9411,39.9272],[-85.9369,39.9272]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Marion\",\"state\":\"IN\"}}]}","contact":"Director, Indiana Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
5957 Lakeside Blvd.
Indianapolis, IN 46278
Nitrate (NO3) and other nutrients discharged by the Mississippi River are suspected of causing a zone of depleted dissolved oxygen (hypoxic zone) in the Gulf of Mexico each summer. The hypoxic zone may have an adverse affect on aquatic life and commercial fisheries. The amount of NO3 delivered by the Mississippi River to the Gulf of Mexico is well documented, but the relative contributions of different sources of NO3, and the magnitude of subsequent in-stream transformations of NO3, are not well understood. Forty-two water samples collected in 1997 and 1998 at eight stations located either on the Mississippi River or its major tributaries were analysed for NO3, total nitrogen (N), atrazine, chloride concentrations and NO3 stable isotopes (δ15N and δ18O). These data are used to assess the magnitude and nature of in-stream N transformation and to determine if the δ15N and δ18O of NO3 provide information about NO3 sources and transformation processes in a large river system (drainage area 2 900 000 km2) that would otherwise be unavailable using concentration and discharge data alone.
Results from 42 samples indicate that the δ15N and δ18O ratios between sites on the Mississippi River and its tributaries are somewhat distinctive, and vary with season and discharge rate. Of particular interest are two nearly Lagrangian sample sets, in which samples from the Mississippi River at St Francisville, LA, are compared with samples collected from the Ohio River at Grand Chain, II, and the Mississippi River at Thebes, IL. In both Lagrangian sets, mass-balance calculations indicate only a small amount of in-stream N loss. The stable isotope data from the samples suggest that in-stream N assimilation and not denitrification accounts for most of the N loss in the lower Mississippi River during the spring and early summer months.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.214","usgsCitation":"Battaglin, W.A., Kendall, C., Chang, C.C., Silva, S.R., and Campbell, D.H., 2001, Chemical and isotopic evidence of nitrogen transformation in the Mississippi River, 1997-98: Hydrological Processes, v. 15, no. 7, p. 1285-1300, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.214.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1285","endPage":"1300","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":416812,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":416811,"rank":1,"type":{"id":12,"text":"Errata"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.5014","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois, Iowa, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.14527801629774,\n 42.10683635344469\n ],\n [\n -92.62957895335668,\n 42.10683635344469\n ],\n [\n -92.62957895335668,\n 27.13796183023227\n ],\n [\n -89.14527801629774,\n 27.13796183023227\n ],\n [\n -89.14527801629774,\n 42.10683635344469\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"15","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2001-05-25","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Battaglin, William A. 0000-0001-7287-7096 wbattagl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7287-7096","contributorId":1527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Battaglin","given":"William","email":"wbattagl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":871971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kendall, Carol 0000-0002-0247-3405 ckendall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0247-3405","contributorId":1462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"Carol","email":"ckendall@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":871972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chang, Cecily C.Y.","contributorId":68032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chang","given":"Cecily","email":"","middleInitial":"C.Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":871973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Silva, Steven R. srsilva@usgs.gov","contributorId":3162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Silva","given":"Steven","email":"srsilva@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":871974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Campbell, Donald H. dhcampbe@usgs.gov","contributorId":1670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"Donald","email":"dhcampbe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":871975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70243308,"text":"70243308 - 2001 - Geophysics: Silent slip on the Cascadia subduction interface","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-05-08T14:58:46.311918","indexId":"70243308","displayToPublicDate":"2001-05-25T09:53:20","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geophysics: Silent slip on the Cascadia subduction interface","docAbstract":"Geodetic satellites of the Global Positioning System (GPS) now permit continuous recording of surface motions around earthquake faults and volcanoes with millimeter precision. Data from distinct points on Earth's surface can be combined to infer the locations of the sources of deformation at depth in the crust. These data are radically altering our understanding of earthquake processes, justifying ambitious new sensor arrays to image active deformation sources in Earth's crust. In recent years, large continuous GPS arrays have been deployed in Japan and southern California, and smaller networks have been installed in other seismically active regions. On page 1525 of this issue (1), Dragert et al. provide a glimpse of the kinds of insights we can expect from these arrays.
","language":"English","publisher":"AAAS","doi":"10.1126/science.1061770","usgsCitation":"Thatcher, W.R., 2001, Geophysics: Silent slip on the Cascadia subduction interface: Science, v. 292, no. 5521, p. 1495-1496, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1061770.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"1495","endPage":"1496","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":416808,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","otherGeospatial":"Cascadia subduction zone","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.7821008871153,\n 40.15405343907824\n ],\n [\n -124.38748641750279,\n 41.22163418880339\n ],\n [\n -124.73640502013059,\n 43.10704180698676\n ],\n [\n -124.13624262352984,\n 46.169336238184286\n ],\n [\n -124.80263039933756,\n 48.16329024622783\n ],\n [\n -128.94375626394532,\n 50.59803783078772\n ],\n [\n -130.9489679551308,\n 51.595458388983644\n ],\n [\n -137.21345375140993,\n 49.85374022319854\n ],\n [\n -131.099815648147,\n 38.54162104473042\n ],\n [\n -124.7821008871153,\n 40.15405343907824\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"292","issue":"5521","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thatcher, Wayne R. 0000-0001-6324-545X thatcher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6324-545X","contributorId":2599,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thatcher","given":"Wayne","email":"thatcher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":871964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70243309,"text":"70243309 - 2001 - Laboratory and field evaluations of the LISST-100 instrument for suspended particle size determinations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-05-08T15:08:51.700558","indexId":"70243309","displayToPublicDate":"2001-05-22T10:05:57","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Laboratory and field evaluations of the LISST-100 instrument for suspended particle size determinations","docAbstract":"Advances in technology have resulted in a new instrument that is designed for in-situ determination of particle size spectra. Such an instrument that can measure undisturbed particle size distributions is much needed for sediment transport studies. The LISST-100 (Laser In-Situ Scattering and Transmissometry) uses the principle of laser diffraction to obtain the size distribution and volume concentration of suspended material in 32 size classes logarithmically spaced between 1.25 and 250 μm. This paper describes a laboratory evaluation of the ability of LISST-100 to determine particle sizes using suspensions of single size, artificial particles. Findings show the instrument is able to determine particle size to within about 10% with increasing error as particle size increases. The instrument determines volume (or mass) concentration using a volume conversion factor Cv. This volume conversion factor is theoretically a constant. In the laboratory evaluation Cv is found to vary by a factor of about three over the particle size range between 5 and 200 μm. Results from field studies in South San Francisco Bay show that values of mass concentration of suspended marine sediments estimated by LISST-100 agree favorably with estimates from optical backscatterance sensors if an appropriate value of Cv, according to mean size, is used and the assumed average particle (aggregate) density is carefully chosen. Analyses of size distribution of suspended materials in South San Francisco Bay over multiple tide cycles suggest the likelihood of different sources of sediment because of different size characteristics during flood and ebb cycles.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0025-3227(01)00137-2","usgsCitation":"Gartner, J.W., Cheng, R.T., Wang, P., and Richter, K., 2001, Laboratory and field evaluations of the LISST-100 instrument for suspended particle size determinations: Marine Geology, v. 175, no. 1-4, p. 199-219, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0025-3227(01)00137-2.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"199","endPage":"219","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":416810,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"175","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gartner, Jeffrey W.","contributorId":77524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gartner","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":871967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cheng, Ralph T.","contributorId":69134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cheng","given":"Ralph","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":871968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wang, Pei-Fang","contributorId":176998,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Pei-Fang","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":871969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Richter, K.","contributorId":72146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richter","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":871970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}