{"pageNumber":"3093","pageRowStart":"77300","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184828,"records":[{"id":23347,"text":"ofr0112 - 2001 - An algorithm for estimating gas-production potential using digital wire-line log data (Cretaceous of northern Montana)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-27T19:53:04.066734","indexId":"ofr0112","displayToPublicDate":"2001-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-12","title":"An algorithm for estimating gas-production potential using digital wire-line log data (Cretaceous of northern Montana)","docAbstract":"This District Surface Water Quality-Assurance Plan documents the standards, policies, and procedures used by the South Carolina District for activities related to the collection, processing, storage, analysis, and publication of surface-water data.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr0112","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Hester, T.C., 2001, An algorithm for estimating gas-production potential using digital wire-line log data (Cretaceous of northern Montana) (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-12, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr0112.","productDescription":"22 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":157357,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":1700,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr-01-0012/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":395000,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_34812.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -111.263,\n              47.428\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.175,\n              47.428\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.175,\n              49\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.263,\n              49\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.263,\n              47.428\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e47a5e4b07f02db497ba5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hester, Timothy C.","contributorId":21995,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hester","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":31160,"text":"ofr2000275 - 2001 - A digital liquefaction susceptibility map for the HAZUS earthquake loss estimation of the San Juan metropolitan area, Puerto Rico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:13","indexId":"ofr2000275","displayToPublicDate":"2001-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-275","title":"A digital liquefaction susceptibility map for the HAZUS earthquake loss estimation of the San Juan metropolitan area, Puerto Rico","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr2000275","usgsCitation":"Santiago, M., and Rodríguez-Martínez, J., 2001, A digital liquefaction susceptibility map for the HAZUS earthquake loss estimation of the San Juan metropolitan area, Puerto Rico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-275, One CD-ROM, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr2000275.","productDescription":"One CD-ROM","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":260349,"rank":800,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0275/report.pdf"},{"id":260350,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0275/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b25e4b07f02db6aeddd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Santiago, Marilyn 0000-0002-2803-6799 msant@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2803-6799","contributorId":5958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Santiago","given":"Marilyn","email":"msant@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":156,"text":"Caribbean Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":205174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rodríguez-Martínez, Jesús","contributorId":48149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodríguez-Martínez","given":"Jesús","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70159450,"text":"70159450 - 2001 - Thematic accuracy of MRLC land cover for the eastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-30T10:05:41","indexId":"70159450","displayToPublicDate":"2001-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3254,"text":"Remote Sensing of Environment","printIssn":"0034-4257","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Thematic accuracy of MRLC land cover for the eastern United States","docAbstract":"<p><span>One objective of the MultiResolution Land Characteristics (MRLC) consortium is to map general land-cover categories for the conterminous United States using Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) data. Land-cover mapping and classification accuracy assessment are complete for the eastern United States. The accuracy assessment was based on photo-interpreted reference data obtained from a stratified probability sample of pixels. Agreement was defined as a match between primary or alternate reference land-cover labels assigned to each sample pixel and the mode (most common class) of the map's land-cover labels within a 3&times;3-pixel neighborhood surrounding the sampled point. At 30-m resolution, overall accuracy was 59.7% at an Anderson Level II thematic detail, and 80.5% at Anderson Level I.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0034-4257(01)00187-0","usgsCitation":"Yang, L., Stehman, S.V., Smith, J.H., and Wickham, J.D., 2001, Thematic accuracy of MRLC land cover for the eastern United States: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 76, no. 3, p. 418-422, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0034-4257(01)00187-0.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"418","endPage":"422","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310793,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"76","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"563496a6e4b0480763480061","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yang, Limin 0000-0002-2843-6944 lyang@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2843-6944","contributorId":4305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yang","given":"Limin","email":"lyang@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":578750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stehman, Stephen V.","contributorId":77283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stehman","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":578751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, Jonathan H. jhsmith@usgs.gov","contributorId":2900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Jonathan","email":"jhsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":5055,"text":"Land Change Science","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":578752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wickham, James D.","contributorId":72278,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wickham","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":6914,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":33085,"text":"b2201A - 2001 - Petroleum geology and resources of the middle Caspian Basin, Former Soviet Union","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":24753,"text":"ofr9950B - 1999 - Petroleum geology and resources of the Middle Caspian Basin (South Mangyshlak, Terek-Caspian, and Stavropol-Prikumsk Petroleum Systems)","indexId":"ofr9950B","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"chapter":"B","title":"Petroleum geology and resources of the Middle Caspian Basin (South Mangyshlak, Terek-Caspian, and Stavropol-Prikumsk Petroleum Systems)"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":33085,"text":"b2201A - 2001 - Petroleum geology and resources of the middle Caspian Basin, Former Soviet Union","indexId":"b2201A","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"chapter":"A","title":"Petroleum geology and resources of the middle Caspian Basin, Former Soviet Union"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-11T10:58:21.024569","indexId":"b2201A","displayToPublicDate":"2001-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2201","chapter":"A","title":"Petroleum geology and resources of the middle Caspian Basin, Former Soviet Union","docAbstract":"The Middle Caspian basin occupies a large area between\r\nthe Great Caucasus foldbelt and the southern edge of the Precambrian\r\nRussian craton. The basin also includes the central part\r\nof the Caspian Sea and the South Mangyshlak subbasin east of\r\nthe sea. The basin was formed on the Hercynian accreted terrane\r\nduring Late Permian?Triassic through Quaternary time. Structurally,\r\nthe basin consists of the fold-and-thrust zone of the\r\nnorthern Caucasus foothills, the foredeep and foreland slope, the\r\nStavropol-Prikumsk uplift and East Manych trough to the north\r\nof the slope, and the South Mangyshlak subbasin and slope of\r\nthe Karabogaz arch east of the Caspian Sea. All these major\r\nstructures extend offshore.\r\nFour total petroleum systems (TPS) have been identified in\r\nthe basin. The South Mangyshlak TPS contains more than 40\r\ndiscovered fields. The principal reserves are in Lower?Middle\r\nJurassic sandstone reservoirs in structural traps. Source rocks are\r\npoorly known, but geologic data indicate that they are in the Triassic\r\ntaphrogenic sequence. Migration of oil and gas significantly\r\npostdated maturation of source rocks and was related to\r\nfaulting and fracturing during middle Miocene to present time. A\r\nsingle assessment unit covers the entire TPS. Largest undiscovered\r\nresources of this assessment unit are expected in the largely\r\nundrilled offshore portion of the TPS, especially on the western\r\nplunge of the Mangyshlak meganticline.  The Terek-Caspian TPS occupies the fold-and-thrust belt,\r\nforedeep, and adjoining foreland slope. About 50 hydrocarbon\r\nfields, primarily oil, have been discovered in the TPS. Almost all\r\nhydrocarbon reserves are in faulted structural traps related to\r\nthrusting of the foldbelt, and most traps are in frontal edges of\r\nthe thrust sheets. The traps are further complicated by plastic\r\ndeformation of Upper Jurassic salt and Maykop series (Oligocene?\r\nlower Miocene) shale. Principal reservoirs are fractured\r\nUpper Cretaceous carbonates and middle Miocene sandstones.\r\nPrincipal source rocks are organic-rich shales in the lower part of\r\nthe Maykop series. Source rocks may also be present in the\r\nEocene, Upper Jurassic, and Middle Jurassic sections, but their\r\ncontribution to discovered reserves is probably small. Three\r\nassessment units are delineated in the TPS. One of them encompasses\r\nthe thrust-and-fold belt of northern Caucasus foothills.\r\nThis assessment unit contains most of the undiscovered oil\r\nresources. The second assessment unit occupies the foredeep and\r\nlargely undeformed foreland slope. Undiscovered resources of\r\nthis unit are relatively small and primarily related to stratigraphic\r\ntraps. The third unit is identified in almost untested subsalt Jurassic\r\nrocks occurring at great depths and is speculative. The unit\r\nmay contain significant amounts of gas under the Upper Jurassic\r\nsalt seal.\r\nThe Stavropol-Prikumsk TPS lies north of the Terek-Caspian\r\nTPS and extends offshore into the central Caspian Sea\r\nwhere geologic data are scarce. More than one hundred oil and\r\ngas fields have been found onshore. Offshore, only one well was\r\nrecently drilled, and this well discovered a large oil and gas field.\r\nAlmost the entire sedimentary section of the TPS is productive;\r\nhowever, the principal oil reserves are in Lower Cretaceous clastic\r\nreservoirs in structural traps of the Prikumsk uplift. Most\r\noriginal gas reserves are in Paleogene reservoirs of the Stavropol\r\narch and these reservoirs are largely depleted. At least three\r\nsource rock formations, in the Lower Triassic, Middle Jurassic,\r\nand Oligocene?lower Miocene (Maykop series), are present in\r\nthe TPS. Geochemical data are inadequate to correlate oils and\r\ngases in most reservoirs with particular source rocks, and widespread\r\nmixing of hydrocarbons apparently took place. Three\r\nassessment units encompassing the onshore area of the TPS, the\r\noffshore continuation of the Prikumsk uplift, and the central Caspian\r\narea, are identified. The","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/b2201A","usgsCitation":"Ulmishek, G.F., 2001, Petroleum geology and resources of the middle Caspian Basin, Former Soviet Union (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 2201, 38 p.; Supersedes Open-File Report 99-0050-B, https://doi.org/10.3133/b2201A.","productDescription":"38 p.; Supersedes Open-File Report 99-0050-B","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":164379,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":462800,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/2201/A/b2201-a.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.75 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":3286,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/2201/A/index.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","contact":"<p><a href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/contact\" data-mce-href=\"../contact\">Contact Pubs Warehouse</a></p>","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adfe4b07f02db6877b1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ulmishek, Gregory F.","contributorId":48971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ulmishek","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":209858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":69567,"text":"i2716 - 2001 - Sun-illuminated sea floor topography of quadrangle 16 in the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary off Boston, Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-08T21:24:31.241126","indexId":"i2716","displayToPublicDate":"2001-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2716","subseriesTitle":"GIS","title":"Sun-illuminated sea floor topography of quadrangle 16 in the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary off Boston, Massachusetts","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/i2716","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration","usgsCitation":"Valentine, P.C., Unger, T.S., and Baker, J.L., 2001, Sun-illuminated sea floor topography of quadrangle 16 in the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary off Boston, Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 2716, Report: 1 p.; 1 Plate: 26.29 × 33.96 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/i2716.","productDescription":"Report: 1 p.; 1 Plate: 26.29 × 33.96 inches","costCenters":[{"id":680,"text":"Woods Hole Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":403326,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_39871.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":256662,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2716/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":256661,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2716/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":256660,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2716/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"25000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator","country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"quadrangle 16, Stellwagen Bank National Sanctuary","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -70.6,\n              42.68\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.411,\n              42.68\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.411,\n              42.8\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.6,\n              42.8\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.6,\n              42.68\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b01e4b07f02db698682","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Valentine, Page C. 0000-0002-0485-6266 pvalentine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0485-6266","contributorId":1947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valentine","given":"Page","email":"pvalentine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":280609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Unger, Tanya S.","contributorId":29013,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Unger","given":"Tanya","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baker, Jessica L.","contributorId":65111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"Jessica","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":61479,"text":"mf2357 - 2001 - Arsenic in stream sediments of northern Alabama","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-02T16:15:05","indexId":"mf2357","displayToPublicDate":"2001-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2357","title":"Arsenic in stream sediments of northern Alabama","docAbstract":"<p>OVERVIEW OF ARSENIC IN STREAM SEDIMENTS The overall range of arsenic in the NURE stream sediments was from 0.3 to 44 mg/kg sediment (ppm) As in the sample data set. The mean value was 4.3 ppm with a standard deviation of 4.1 ppm. For comparison, the crustal abundance of arsenic is 1.8 ppm (Taylor, 1964). Shale is higher, with average values of 15 ppm. Coal samples from the entire USGS National Coal Resource Data System coal database (Finkelman, 1994) average 24 ppm arsenic. A study of stream sediments from throughout the U.S. by the USGS NAWQA program reported that the 75th percentile for arsenic in 541 stream sediments was 9.5 ppm (Rice, 1999). Given the relatively low crustal abundance of arsenic, a number of stream-sediment samples in this study may be considered geochemically anomalous in this element.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/mf2357","usgsCitation":"Goldhaber, M., Irwin, E., Atkins, B., Lee, L., Black, D., Zappia, H., Hatch, J., Pashin, J., Barwick, L., Cartwright, W., Sanzolone, R., Rupert, L., Kolker, A., and Finkelman, R., 2001, Arsenic in stream sediments of northern Alabama: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2357, Sheet 62 by 44 inches (in color)., https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2357.","productDescription":"Sheet 62 by 44 inches (in color).","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":186819,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6048,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2001/mf-2357/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":110182,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_39183.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"39183"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -88.65966796875,\n              33.22949814144951\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.50634765625,\n              33.22949814144951\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.50634765625,\n              35.11990857099681\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.65966796875,\n              35.11990857099681\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.65966796875,\n              33.22949814144951\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abce4b07f02db672ea6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goldhaber, M. B. 0000-0002-1785-4243","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1785-4243","contributorId":103280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldhaber","given":"M. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Irwin, Elise","contributorId":26928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irwin","given":"Elise","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Atkins, Brian","contributorId":38422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atkins","given":"Brian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lee, Lopaka","contributorId":83167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Lopaka","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":265769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Black, D.D.","contributorId":70244,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Black","given":"D.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Zappia, Humbert","contributorId":79093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zappia","given":"Humbert","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hatch, Joe","contributorId":50204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatch","given":"Joe","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Pashin, Jack","contributorId":80144,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pashin","given":"Jack","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Barwick, L.H.","contributorId":66961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barwick","given":"L.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Cartwright, W.E.","contributorId":103140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cartwright","given":"W.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Sanzolone, Rick","contributorId":45180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanzolone","given":"Rick","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Rupert, Leslie","contributorId":45959,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rupert","given":"Leslie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Kolker, Allan 0000-0002-5768-4533 akolker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5768-4533","contributorId":643,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolker","given":"Allan","email":"akolker@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":265758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Finkelman, Robert","contributorId":25036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finkelman","given":"Robert","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}}
,{"id":30890,"text":"wri004277 - 2001 - Hydrogeology of Picacho Basin, south-central Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-12T07:34:33","indexId":"wri004277","displayToPublicDate":"2001-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-4277","title":"Hydrogeology of Picacho Basin, south-central Arizona","docAbstract":"<p>The hydrogeology of Picacho Basin was studied to define the stratigraphy, basin structure, physical\nand hydraulic properties of the basin sediments, and predevelopment and postdevelopment conditions of\nground-water flow as of 1985. The study area includes about 900 square miles and contains a sedimentfilled\nasymmetric graben. The greatest sediment thickness occurs along the east margin of the graben.\nBasin sediments contain the principal water-bearing units and are separated into lower, middle, and upper\nunits. The lower unit is several thousand feet thick and contains a conglomerate facies and a playa facies\nthat contains a thick evaporite sequence. The middle and upper units contain alluvial and playa facies that\nare as much as 1,500 feet thick. Ground water occurs in lower and upper aquifer systems separated by a\nmiddle confining unit that comprises the playa facies of the three units. Hydraulic properties and\ncompressibility of the middle and upper units are much greater than those of the lower unit. Vertical-head\ngradients exist, and vertical flow occurs within and between the aquifer systems.</p>\n<br>\n<p>Early development of surface-water supplies resulted in increased recharge through deep percolation\nof irrigation water. Later development of the ground-water supplies resulted in extensive water-level\ndeclines, changes in the direction of ground-water flow, removal of water from storage, aquifer\ncompaction, land subsidence, and earth fissures. Dewatering of pore spaces in the upper unit has been the\nprimary source of water; however, as much as 80 percent of the water derived from storage in the Eloy\narea has resulted from compaction of pore spaces.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Tucson, AZ","doi":"10.3133/wri004277","usgsCitation":"Pool, D.R., Carruth, R., and Meehan, W.D., 2001, Hydrogeology of Picacho Basin, south-central Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2000-4277, vi, 65 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri004277.","productDescription":"vi, 65 p.","numberOfPages":"72","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":288402,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":288401,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2000/4277/report.pdf"}],"scale":"500000","country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Picacho Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.833333,32.416667 ], [ -111.833333,33.166667 ], [ -111.083333,33.166667 ], [ -111.083333,32.416667 ], [ -111.833333,32.416667 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48cfe4b07f02db546132","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pool, Donald R. drpool@usgs.gov","contributorId":1121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pool","given":"Donald","email":"drpool@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":204286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carruth, Rob 0000-0001-7008-2927 rlcarr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7008-2927","contributorId":1162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carruth","given":"Rob","email":"rlcarr@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":204287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Meehan, Wesley D.","contributorId":80321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meehan","given":"Wesley","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70243310,"text":"70243310 - 2001 - Chemical and isotopic evidence of nitrogen transformation in the Mississippi River, 1997-98","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-05-08T15:19:45.282607","indexId":"70243310","displayToPublicDate":"2001-05-25T10:10:08","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chemical and isotopic evidence of nitrogen transformation in the Mississippi River, 1997-98","docAbstract":"<p>Nitrate (NO<sub>3</sub>) and other nutrients discharged by the Mississippi River are suspected of causing a zone of depleted dissolved oxygen (hypoxic zone) in the Gulf of Mexico each summer. The hypoxic zone may have an adverse affect on aquatic life and commercial fisheries. The amount of NO<sub>3</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>delivered by the Mississippi River to the Gulf of Mexico is well documented, but the relative contributions of different sources of NO<sub>3</sub>, and the magnitude of subsequent in-stream transformations of NO<sub>3</sub>, are not well understood. Forty-two water samples collected in 1997 and 1998 at eight stations located either on the Mississippi River or its major tributaries were analysed for NO<sub>3</sub>, total nitrogen (N), atrazine, chloride concentrations and NO<sub>3</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>stable isotopes (δ<sup>15</sup>N and δ<sup>18</sup>O). These data are used to assess the magnitude and nature of in-stream N transformation and to determine if the δ<sup>15</sup>N and δ<sup>18</sup>O of NO<sub>3</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>provide information about NO<sub>3</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>sources and transformation processes in a large river system (drainage area 2 900 000 km<sup>2</sup>) that would otherwise be unavailable using concentration and discharge data alone.</p><p>Results from 42 samples indicate that the δ<sup>15</sup>N and δ<sup>18</sup>O ratios between sites on the Mississippi River and its tributaries are somewhat distinctive, and vary with season and discharge rate. Of particular interest are two nearly Lagrangian sample sets, in which samples from the Mississippi River at St Francisville, LA, are compared with samples collected from the Ohio River at Grand Chain, II, and the Mississippi River at Thebes, IL. In both Lagrangian sets, mass-balance calculations indicate only a small amount of in-stream N loss. The stable isotope data from the samples suggest that in-stream N assimilation and not denitrification accounts for most of the N loss in the lower Mississippi River during the spring and early summer months.<span>&nbsp;</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.214","usgsCitation":"Battaglin, W.A., Kendall, C., Chang, C.C., Silva, S.R., and Campbell, D.H., 2001, Chemical and isotopic evidence of nitrogen transformation in the Mississippi River, 1997-98: Hydrological Processes, v. 15, no. 7, p. 1285-1300, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.214.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1285","endPage":"1300","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":416812,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":416811,"rank":1,"type":{"id":12,"text":"Errata"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.5014","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois, Iowa, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -89.14527801629774,\n              42.10683635344469\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.62957895335668,\n              42.10683635344469\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.62957895335668,\n              27.13796183023227\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.14527801629774,\n              27.13796183023227\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.14527801629774,\n              42.10683635344469\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"15","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2001-05-25","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Battaglin, William A. 0000-0001-7287-7096 wbattagl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7287-7096","contributorId":1527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Battaglin","given":"William","email":"wbattagl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":871971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kendall, Carol 0000-0002-0247-3405 ckendall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0247-3405","contributorId":1462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"Carol","email":"ckendall@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":871972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chang, Cecily C.Y.","contributorId":68032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chang","given":"Cecily","email":"","middleInitial":"C.Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":871973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Silva, Steven R. srsilva@usgs.gov","contributorId":3162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Silva","given":"Steven","email":"srsilva@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":871974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Campbell, Donald H. dhcampbe@usgs.gov","contributorId":1670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"Donald","email":"dhcampbe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":871975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70243308,"text":"70243308 - 2001 - Geophysics: Silent slip on the Cascadia subduction interface","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-05-08T14:58:46.311918","indexId":"70243308","displayToPublicDate":"2001-05-25T09:53:20","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geophysics: Silent slip on the Cascadia subduction interface","docAbstract":"<p>G<span>eodetic satellites of the Global Positioning System (GPS) now permit continuous recording of surface motions around earthquake faults and volcanoes with millimeter precision. Data from distinct points on Earth's surface can be combined to infer the locations of the sources of deformation at depth in the crust. These data are radically altering our understanding of earthquake processes, justifying ambitious new sensor arrays to image active deformation sources in Earth's crust. In recent years, large continuous GPS arrays have been deployed in Japan and southern California, and smaller networks have been installed in other seismically active regions. On page&nbsp;</span>1525<span>&nbsp;of this issue (</span>1<span>), Dragert&nbsp;</span><i>et al.</i><span>&nbsp;provide a glimpse of the kinds of insights we can expect from these arrays.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"AAAS","doi":"10.1126/science.1061770","usgsCitation":"Thatcher, W.R., 2001, Geophysics: Silent slip on the Cascadia subduction interface: Science, v. 292, no. 5521, p. 1495-1496, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1061770.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"1495","endPage":"1496","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":416808,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","otherGeospatial":"Cascadia subduction zone","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -124.7821008871153,\n              40.15405343907824\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.38748641750279,\n              41.22163418880339\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.73640502013059,\n              43.10704180698676\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.13624262352984,\n              46.169336238184286\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.80263039933756,\n              48.16329024622783\n            ],\n            [\n              -128.94375626394532,\n              50.59803783078772\n            ],\n            [\n              -130.9489679551308,\n              51.595458388983644\n            ],\n            [\n              -137.21345375140993,\n              49.85374022319854\n            ],\n            [\n              -131.099815648147,\n              38.54162104473042\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.7821008871153,\n              40.15405343907824\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"292","issue":"5521","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thatcher, Wayne R. 0000-0001-6324-545X thatcher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6324-545X","contributorId":2599,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thatcher","given":"Wayne","email":"thatcher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":871964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70243309,"text":"70243309 - 2001 - Laboratory and field evaluations of the LISST-100 instrument for suspended particle size determinations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-05-08T15:08:51.700558","indexId":"70243309","displayToPublicDate":"2001-05-22T10:05:57","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Laboratory and field evaluations of the LISST-100 instrument for suspended particle size determinations","docAbstract":"<p><span>Advances in technology have resulted in a new instrument that is designed for in-situ determination of particle size spectra. Such an instrument that can measure undisturbed particle size distributions is much needed for sediment transport studies. The LISST-100 (Laser In-Situ Scattering and Transmissometry) uses the principle of laser diffraction to obtain the size distribution and volume concentration of suspended material in 32 size classes logarithmically spaced between 1.25 and 250</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>μm. This paper describes a laboratory evaluation of the ability of LISST-100 to determine particle sizes using suspensions of single size, artificial particles. Findings show the instrument is able to determine particle size to within about 10% with increasing error as particle size increases. The instrument determines volume (or mass) concentration using a volume conversion factor&nbsp;</span><i>C</i><sub>v</sub><span>. This volume conversion factor is theoretically a constant. In the laboratory evaluation&nbsp;</span><i>C</i><sub>v</sub><span>&nbsp;is found to vary by a factor of about three over the particle size range between 5 and 200</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>μm. Results from field studies in South San Francisco Bay show that values of mass concentration of suspended marine sediments estimated by LISST-100 agree favorably with estimates from optical backscatterance sensors if an appropriate value of&nbsp;</span><i>C</i><sub>v</sub><span>, according to mean size, is used and the assumed average particle (aggregate) density is carefully chosen. Analyses of size distribution of suspended materials in South San Francisco Bay over multiple tide cycles suggest the likelihood of different sources of sediment because of different size characteristics during flood and ebb cycles.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0025-3227(01)00137-2","usgsCitation":"Gartner, J.W., Cheng, R.T., Wang, P., and Richter, K., 2001, Laboratory and field evaluations of the LISST-100 instrument for suspended particle size determinations: Marine Geology, v. 175, no. 1-4, p. 199-219, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0025-3227(01)00137-2.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"199","endPage":"219","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":416810,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"175","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gartner, Jeffrey W.","contributorId":77524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gartner","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":871967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cheng, Ralph T.","contributorId":69134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cheng","given":"Ralph","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":871968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wang, Pei-Fang","contributorId":176998,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Pei-Fang","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":871969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Richter, K.","contributorId":72146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richter","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":871970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70180044,"text":"70180044 - 2001 - Using radiotelemetry to determine fish passage information at large hydroelectric dams: Design and analysis to achieve multiple objectives with a single design","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-23T14:24:23","indexId":"70180044","displayToPublicDate":"2001-05-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Using radiotelemetry to determine fish passage information at large hydroelectric dams: Design and analysis to achieve multiple objectives with a single design","docAbstract":"<p>Abstract not available</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 16th International Symposium on Biotelemetry","conferenceTitle":"16th International Symposium on Biotelemetry","conferenceDate":"May 6-11, 2001","conferenceLocation":"Vienna, Austria","language":"English","publisher":"International Society on Biotelemetry","usgsCitation":"Beeman, J., and Counihan, T., 2001, Using radiotelemetry to determine fish passage information at large hydroelectric dams: Design and analysis to achieve multiple objectives with a single design, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the 16th International Symposium on Biotelemetry, Vienna, Austria, May 6-11, 2001.","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333740,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58872487e4b08aa8f945abc4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beeman, J.W.","contributorId":32646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beeman","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Counihan, T.D.","contributorId":9789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Counihan","given":"T.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70209890,"text":"70209890 - 2001 - Mars exploration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-05T18:55:11.332521","indexId":"70209890","displayToPublicDate":"2001-05-05T13:42:18","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mars exploration","docAbstract":"<p><span>An international flotilla of spacecraft are to be sent to Mars over the next decade in an effort to understand the planet's geology and climate history, and to determine whether some form of life ever started there. At least two spacecraft will be sent at each launch opportunity, and at times up to four spacecraft may be operating simultaneously at the planet.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1038/35084200","usgsCitation":"Carr, M.H., and Garvin, J.B., 2001, Mars exploration: Nature, v. 412, p. 250-253, https://doi.org/10.1038/35084200.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"250","endPage":"253","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":374465,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"412","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carr, M. H.","contributorId":84727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carr","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":788494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garvin, James B.","contributorId":22112,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garvin","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":7049,"text":"NASA Goddard Space Flight Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":788495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70164502,"text":"70164502 - 2001 - Occurrence and distribution of pesticides in streams of the Eastern Iowa Basins, 1996-98","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-19T16:29:13.679736","indexId":"70164502","displayToPublicDate":"2001-05-01T17:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Occurrence and distribution of pesticides in streams of the Eastern Iowa Basins, 1996-98","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Geological Survey began collection of water samples in streams of the Eastern Iowa Basins in 1996 for the analysis of pesticides and pesticide degradates as part of the National Water Quality Assessment Program (NAWQA). This study provides some of the first large scale monitoring data on pesticides and pesticide degradates in Eastern Iowa. Three hundred and forty-four samples were collected from 1996-98 to document the occurrence, distribution, and transport of pesticide compounds. Pesticide analysis included 80 pesticide compounds and 10 pesticide degradates. The Eastern Iowa Basins study encompasses about 50,500 square kilometers (19,500 square miles) and is drained by four major rivers--the Wapsipinicon, Cedar, Iowa, and Skunk. Agriculture accounts for approximately 93 percent of the land use in the study area.</p>\n<p>The most commonly detected pesticides were those most heavily used on crops. The triazine (atrazine and cyanazine) and chloroacetanilide (alachlor, acetochlor, and metolachlor) pesticides are some of the most heavily used (by weight) historically and during the period of data collection 1996-98. Atrazine and metolachlor were detected in all samples. Acetochlor, alachlor, and cyanazine were detected in more than 70 percent of all surface-water samples. Few non-agricultural herbicides were detected. One exception, prometon was detected in more than 80 percent of the samples at very low concentrations (less than 0.1 micrograms per liter).</p>\n<p>Pesticide degradates were some of the most frequently detected pesticide compounds in the study. Four pesticide degradates--metolachlor ethane sulfonic acid (metolachlor ESA), alachlor ethane sulfonic acid (alachlor ESA), metolachlor oxanilic acid (metolachlor OA), and acetochlor ethane sulfonic acid (acetochlor ESA) were detected in more than 75 percent of the samples.</p>\n<p>A few insecticides that may pose potential risk to aquatic invertebrates were detected in streams from May through September, the months when most application normally occurs. Carbofuran was the most commonly detected insecticide (16 percent of all samples). Although detected in less than 20 percent of all samples, carbofuran was detected in 68 percent of the samples in June. When present, carbofuran concentrations were generally less than 0.80 micrograms per liter. Chloropyrifos was detected in about seven percent of the samples. As with other insecticides, chlorpyrifos was detected most frequently in June (30 percent). The highest concentration was 0.06 micrograms per liter. Diazinon, a common urban insecticide found in other NAWQA studies throughout the Nation, was detected in only 2 percent of the samples in the Eastern Iowa Basins study.</p>\n<p>Pesticides were found to occur in mixtures with several compounds rather than individually. Four or more parent pesticide compounds were detected in 91 percent of the water samples and seven or more parent compounds were detected in 46 percent of the water samples. Four or more pesticide degradates were detected in 93 percent of the water samples and seven or more pesticide degradates were detected in 46 percent of the water samples.</p>\n<p>Commonly applied parent pesticide compounds (acetochlor, alachlor, atrazine, cyanazine, and metolachlor) were generally detected at low concentrations with median concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 0.22 micrograms per liter. The median concentrations for the pesticide degradates were larger than their parent compounds. Median concentrations for the pesticide degradates ranged from 0.07 to 3.7 micrograms per liter. Acetochlor, alachlor, atrazine, cyanazine and metolachlor pesticides compounds were present at least an order of magnitude or higher in the late spring and summer than at other times of the year. The maximum measured concentrations for acetochlor, atrazine, cyanazine and metolachor were approximately 11 to 48 micrograms per liter (the maximum for alachlor was 0.56 micrograms per liter). In contrast, maximum measured concentrations for the total pesticide degradates were lower than their parent compounds and ranged from approximately 0.7 to 12 micrograms per liter. The maximum measured concentration of a single pesticide compound was for atrazine at 48 micrograms per liter.</p>\n<p>Seasonal patterns of atrazine, acetochlor, alachlor, cyanazine, and metolachlor generally show peak concentrations following application in May and June and decreasing during remainder of the growing season. In addition, a small secondary peak in atrazine, acetochlor, alachlor, cyanazine, and metolachlor concentrations occurred at all sites in late winter. This secondary peak may be attributed to early \"winter thaw\" that can release pesticide residue from soil, making pesticides available to be transported to surface water by snowmelt and early spring rains.</p>\n<p>Pesticide degradates account for a significant portion of the total pesticide load at all sites. Eighty-one percent of the total pesticide load in samples from Iowa River near Rowan, Wolf Creek near Dysart, and the Iowa River at Wapello were as pesticide degradates. The pesticide degradates for the triazine compounds tended to follow the load pattern of the parent pesticide compounds closely throughout the year. In general, the degradate loads calculated for the triazine compounds were smaller than loads calculated for their parent pesticides. The loads for the chloroacetanilide degradate compounds were larger than those for the parent pesticides. The loads for alachlor were found to be small or nonexistent. Alachlor has been heavily used in the past, but since 1995 has been largely replaced by acetochlor or other herbicides. The loads for all degradates were higher than the parent compounds during the winter months. Overland flow may be diminished during the winter months, but shallow sub-soil drainage and ground-water flow may be a source of many pesticide degradates during the late fall and winter.</p>\n<p>Occurrence of pesticide compounds varied by landform region. The triazine herbicides, atrazine and cyanazine and their degradates were present in significantly greater concentrations in the Southern Iowa Drift Plain (predominantly loess soils) than either the Des Moines Lobe or the Iowan Surface (predominantly till soils). Less atrazine and cyanazine are applied to till soils because of pH and organic carbon content. Alachlor, metolachlor, and acetochlor have often been used to offset triazine pesticide reductions in area with till soils.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings from Agriculture and the Environment: State and Federal Initiatives conference","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"State and Federal Initiatives conferenc","conferenceDate":"March 5-7, 2001","conferenceLocation":"Ames, IA","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Schnoebelen, D.J., Kalkhoff, S.J., and Becher, K., 2001, Occurrence and distribution of pesticides in streams of the Eastern Iowa Basins, 1996-98, <i>in</i> Proceedings from Agriculture and the Environment: State and Federal Initiatives conference, Ames, IA, March 5-7, 2001, p. 85-86.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"85","endPage":"86","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":316706,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70164502/70164502.html"},{"id":316708,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-91.217706,43.50055],[-91.216035,43.481142],[-91.233367,43.455168],[-91.200359,43.412701],[-91.198953,43.389835],[-91.21477,43.365874],[-91.20662,43.352524],[-91.132813,43.32803],[-91.107237,43.313645],[-91.07371,43.274746],[-91.071698,43.261014],[-91.058644,43.257679],[-91.066398,43.239293],[-91.12217,43.197255],[-91.1462,43.152405],[-91.1562,43.142945],[-91.175253,43.134665],[-91.179457,43.067427],[-91.156562,42.978226],[-91.14543,42.958211],[-91.14988,42.941955],[-91.1438,42.922877],[-91.146177,42.90985],[-91.100565,42.883078],[-91.097656,42.859871],[-91.091837,42.851225],[-91.09406,42.830813],[-91.078665,42.827678],[-91.069549,42.769628],[-91.060261,42.761847],[-91.065783,42.753387],[-91.056297,42.747341],[-91.051275,42.737001],[-91.035418,42.73734],[-91.026786,42.724228],[-91.000128,42.716189],[-90.977735,42.696816],[-90.949213,42.685573],[-90.923634,42.6855],[-90.88743,42.67247],[-90.731132,42.643437],[-90.706303,42.634169],[-90.692031,42.610366],[-90.686975,42.591774],[-90.661527,42.567999],[-90.654127,42.5499],[-90.643927,42.540401],[-90.636927,42.513202],[-90.655927,42.491703],[-90.654027,42.478503],[-90.624328,42.458904],[-90.567968,42.440389],[-90.560439,42.432897],[-90.555018,42.416138],[-90.477279,42.383794],[-90.462619,42.367253],[-90.443874,42.355218],[-90.416535,42.325109],[-90.430884,42.27823],[-90.419326,42.254467],[-90.400653,42.239293],[-90.391108,42.225473],[-90.356964,42.205445],[-90.328273,42.201047],[-90.282173,42.178846],[-90.234919,42.165431],[-90.209479,42.15268],[-90.197342,42.128163],[-90.167533,42.122475],[-90.161159,42.106372],[-90.168358,42.075779],[-90.164485,42.042105],[-90.151579,42.030633],[-90.140061,42.003252],[-90.146225,41.981329],[-90.164135,41.956178],[-90.163847,41.944934],[-90.152659,41.933058],[-90.153584,41.906614],[-90.181401,41.844647],[-90.181973,41.80707],[-90.278633,41.767358],[-90.310708,41.742214],[-90.317668,41.72269],[-90.313435,41.698082],[-90.334525,41.679559],[-90.343452,41.646959],[-90.339528,41.598633],[-90.343228,41.587833],[-90.41283,41.565333],[-90.461432,41.523533],[-90.500633,41.518033],[-90.540935,41.526133],[-90.591037,41.512832],[-90.602137,41.506032],[-90.605937,41.494232],[-90.655839,41.462132],[-90.750142,41.449632],[-90.846558,41.455141],[-90.930016,41.421404],[-90.979815,41.434321],[-91.027787,41.423603],[-91.043988,41.415897],[-91.05101,41.387556],[-91.06652,41.365246],[-91.074841,41.305578],[-91.092034,41.286911],[-91.114186,41.250029],[-91.113648,41.241401],[-91.07298,41.207151],[-91.041536,41.166138],[-91.027214,41.163373],[-91.007586,41.166183],[-90.99496,41.160624],[-90.946627,41.096632],[-90.949383,41.072711],[-90.942253,41.034702],[-90.945949,41.006495],[-90.958142,40.979767],[-90.952233,40.954047],[-90.965344,40.921633],[-91.009536,40.900565],[-91.021562,40.884021],[-91.044653,40.868356],[-91.05643,40.848387],[-91.092993,40.821079],[-91.097649,40.805575],[-91.091703,40.779708],[-91.110424,40.745528],[-91.115735,40.725168],[-91.11194,40.697018],[-91.123928,40.669152],[-91.185428,40.638071],[-91.253074,40.637962],[-91.306524,40.626231],[-91.339719,40.613488],[-91.359873,40.601805],[-91.379752,40.57445],[-91.401482,40.559458],[-91.406373,40.551831],[-91.404125,40.539127],[-91.384531,40.530948],[-91.369059,40.512532],[-91.364211,40.500043],[-91.364915,40.484168],[-91.381769,40.442555],[-91.372554,40.4012],[-91.381958,40.387632],[-91.419422,40.378264],[-91.441243,40.386255],[-91.452458,40.375501],[-91.463895,40.375659],[-91.465116,40.385257],[-91.484507,40.3839],[-91.490977,40.393484],[-91.487829,40.403866],[-91.498093,40.401926],[-91.522333,40.409648],[-91.527057,40.416689],[-91.519012,40.431298],[-91.529132,40.434272],[-91.533548,40.440804],[-91.523271,40.450061],[-91.526155,40.458625],[-91.552691,40.458769],[-91.574746,40.465664],[-91.590817,40.492292],[-91.621353,40.510072],[-91.618028,40.53403],[-91.6219,40.542292],[-91.6887,40.55739],[-91.691557,40.564867],[-91.686357,40.580875],[-91.716769,40.59853],[-91.729115,40.61364],[-92.686693,40.589809],[-94.294813,40.571341],[-94.632032,40.571186],[-95.765645,40.585208],[-95.753148,40.59284],[-95.748626,40.603355],[-95.768926,40.621264],[-95.776251,40.647463],[-95.795489,40.662384],[-95.822913,40.66724],[-95.842801,40.677496],[-95.852615,40.702262],[-95.883178,40.717579],[-95.888907,40.731855],[-95.879027,40.753081],[-95.84662,40.768619],[-95.835232,40.779151],[-95.834523,40.787778],[-95.845342,40.811324],[-95.837186,40.835347],[-95.847084,40.854174],[-95.847785,40.864328],[-95.838735,40.872191],[-95.815933,40.879846],[-95.809474,40.891228],[-95.813458,40.901693],[-95.836438,40.921642],[-95.839743,40.93278],[-95.829074,40.975688],[-95.838908,40.986484],[-95.867286,41.001599],[-95.869486,41.009399],[-95.859918,41.025403],[-95.859654,41.035695],[-95.882415,41.060411],[-95.862587,41.088399],[-95.865888,41.117898],[-95.882088,41.143998],[-95.883489,41.154898],[-95.871912,41.168122],[-95.846188,41.166698],[-95.841288,41.174998],[-95.856788,41.187098],[-95.90969,41.184398],[-95.91829,41.186698],[-95.92599,41.195698],[-95.924891,41.211198],[-95.910891,41.231798],[-95.921891,41.264598],[-95.913991,41.271398],[-95.928691,41.281398],[-95.927491,41.298397],[-95.90589,41.300897],[-95.90429,41.293497],[-95.912491,41.279498],[-95.90249,41.273398],[-95.87689,41.285097],[-95.871489,41.295797],[-95.883089,41.316697],[-95.92569,41.322197],[-95.946891,41.334096],[-95.956691,41.345496],[-95.954891,41.351796],[-95.93549,41.360596],[-95.92879,41.370096],[-95.93689,41.396387],[-95.929721,41.411331],[-95.933169,41.42943],[-95.919865,41.447922],[-95.922529,41.455766],[-95.936801,41.46519],[-95.962329,41.46281],[-96.011757,41.476212],[-96.019542,41.486617],[-95.997903,41.504789],[-95.992599,41.514174],[-95.999529,41.538679],[-96.005079,41.544004],[-96.019686,41.545743],[-96.027289,41.541081],[-96.034305,41.512853],[-96.040701,41.507076],[-96.05369,41.508859],[-96.07307,41.525052],[-96.08822,41.530595],[-96.09409,41.539265],[-96.093613,41.558271],[-96.081152,41.577289],[-96.085771,41.585746],[-96.109387,41.596871],[-96.117558,41.609999],[-96.116233,41.621574],[-96.100701,41.635507],[-96.095046,41.647365],[-96.099837,41.66103],[-96.120983,41.677861],[-96.121401,41.688522],[-96.111968,41.697773],[-96.082429,41.698159],[-96.073063,41.705004],[-96.079682,41.717962],[-96.10261,41.728016],[-96.106425,41.73789],[-96.102772,41.746339],[-96.079915,41.757895],[-96.077543,41.777824],[-96.064537,41.793002],[-96.075548,41.807811],[-96.107592,41.820685],[-96.110246,41.84885],[-96.142045,41.868865],[-96.148826,41.888132],[-96.161756,41.90182],[-96.160767,41.908044],[-96.136743,41.920826],[-96.144583,41.941544],[-96.133318,41.955732],[-96.1289,41.969727],[-96.141228,41.978063],[-96.156538,41.980137],[-96.184243,41.976696],[-96.192141,41.984461],[-96.183568,41.999987],[-96.194556,42.008662],[-96.215225,42.006701],[-96.223896,41.995456],[-96.236487,41.996428],[-96.241932,42.006965],[-96.223611,42.022652],[-96.223822,42.033346],[-96.238392,42.041088],[-96.261132,42.038974],[-96.271427,42.044988],[-96.279342,42.07028],[-96.267636,42.096177],[-96.2689,42.11359],[-96.279203,42.12348],[-96.310085,42.132523],[-96.319528,42.146647],[-96.342395,42.160491],[-96.349688,42.172043],[-96.348066,42.194747],[-96.35987,42.210545],[-96.358141,42.214088],[-96.336323,42.218922],[-96.323723,42.229887],[-96.330004,42.240224],[-96.328905,42.254734],[-96.336003,42.264806],[-96.365792,42.285875],[-96.369212,42.308344],[-96.375307,42.318339],[-96.407998,42.337408],[-96.417786,42.351449],[-96.417093,42.361443],[-96.408436,42.376092],[-96.41498,42.393442],[-96.413609,42.407894],[-96.387608,42.432494],[-96.380707,42.446394],[-96.385407,42.473094],[-96.396107,42.484095],[-96.409408,42.487595],[-96.474409,42.491895],[-96.476909,42.497795],[-96.473339,42.503537],[-96.477454,42.509589],[-96.490089,42.512441],[-96.49297,42.517282],[-96.479909,42.524195],[-96.476952,42.556079],[-96.498041,42.558153],[-96.498709,42.57087],[-96.489328,42.5708],[-96.485796,42.575001],[-96.49545,42.579474],[-96.494777,42.585741],[-96.499885,42.588539],[-96.509468,42.61273],[-96.517048,42.615343],[-96.525671,42.609312],[-96.531604,42.615148],[-96.518542,42.62035],[-96.516338,42.630435],[-96.537881,42.646446],[-96.542366,42.660736],[-96.559281,42.657903],[-96.556461,42.663939],[-96.566684,42.675942],[-96.576381,42.671302],[-96.575299,42.682665],[-96.596405,42.688514],[-96.59908,42.697296],[-96.61017,42.694568],[-96.629625,42.705102],[-96.624446,42.714294],[-96.624704,42.725497],[-96.631931,42.725086],[-96.638621,42.734921],[-96.630485,42.750378],[-96.620548,42.753534],[-96.620272,42.757124],[-96.632212,42.761512],[-96.633168,42.768325],[-96.61949,42.784034],[-96.604559,42.783034],[-96.595283,42.792982],[-96.590757,42.808255],[-96.596008,42.815044],[-96.585699,42.818041],[-96.577937,42.827645],[-96.581604,42.837521],[-96.571353,42.837155],[-96.565605,42.830434],[-96.560572,42.839373],[-96.552092,42.836057],[-96.549513,42.839143],[-96.554709,42.846142],[-96.545502,42.849956],[-96.54146,42.857682],[-96.550439,42.863171],[-96.549659,42.870281],[-96.537851,42.878475],[-96.540396,42.888877],[-96.526563,42.893755],[-96.542847,42.903737],[-96.537354,42.908791],[-96.541689,42.922576],[-96.525536,42.935511],[-96.516203,42.933769],[-96.52012,42.938183],[-96.500308,42.959391],[-96.505028,42.970844],[-96.515922,42.972886],[-96.520773,42.980385],[-96.512237,42.985937],[-96.509986,42.995126],[-96.49782,42.998143],[-96.49167,43.009707],[-96.499187,43.019213],[-96.510995,43.024701],[-96.509146,43.03668],[-96.518431,43.042068],[-96.510256,43.049917],[-96.490365,43.050789],[-96.476905,43.062383],[-96.463094,43.062981],[-96.458201,43.067554],[-96.454188,43.083379],[-96.462636,43.089614],[-96.460516,43.09494],[-96.436589,43.120842],[-96.450361,43.142237],[-96.458854,43.143356],[-96.466537,43.150281],[-96.464896,43.182034],[-96.473834,43.189804],[-96.470781,43.205099],[-96.475571,43.221054],[-96.496454,43.223652],[-96.519273,43.21769],[-96.535741,43.22764],[-96.56044,43.224219],[-96.568505,43.231554],[-96.571194,43.238961],[-96.552963,43.247281],[-96.552591,43.257769],[-96.582904,43.26769],[-96.586317,43.274319],[-96.577588,43.2788],[-96.580346,43.298204],[-96.553087,43.29286],[-96.530392,43.300034],[-96.526004,43.309999],[-96.534913,43.336473],[-96.524289,43.347214],[-96.527345,43.368109],[-96.521323,43.374607],[-96.521572,43.38564],[-96.524044,43.394762],[-96.529152,43.397735],[-96.537116,43.395063],[-96.573579,43.419228],[-96.569628,43.427527],[-96.575181,43.431756],[-96.592905,43.43317],[-96.602608,43.449649],[-96.600039,43.45708],[-96.584603,43.46961],[-96.586364,43.478251],[-96.580997,43.481384],[-96.590452,43.494298],[-96.598396,43.495074],[-96.598929,43.500441],[-91.217706,43.50055]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Iowa\",\"nation\":\"USA  \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56b9ca80e4b08d617f63a849","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schnoebelen, Douglas J.","contributorId":87514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schnoebelen","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kalkhoff, Stephen J. 0000-0003-4110-1716 sjkalkho@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4110-1716","contributorId":1731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kalkhoff","given":"Stephen","email":"sjkalkho@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35680,"text":"Illinois-Iowa-Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":597637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Becher, Kent 0000-0002-3947-0793 kdbecher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3947-0793","contributorId":3863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Becher","given":"Kent","email":"kdbecher@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":597638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70164501,"text":"70164501 - 2001 - Quality of water in alluvial aquifers in eastern Iowa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-19T16:38:07.348341","indexId":"70164501","displayToPublicDate":"2001-05-01T17:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Quality of water in alluvial aquifers in eastern Iowa","docAbstract":"<p>The goal of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program is to assess the status and trends in the quality of the Nation's surface and ground water, and to better understand the natural and human factors affecting water quality. The Eastern Iowa Basins study unit encompasses an area of about 50,500 square kilometers (19,500 square miles) in eastern Iowa and southern Minnesota and is one of 59 study units in the NAWQA program. Land-use studies are an important component of the NAWQA program, and are designed to assess the concentration and distribution of water-quality constituents in recently recharged ground water associated with the most significant land use and hydrogeologic settings within a study unit. The focus of the land-use study in the Eastern Iowa Basins study unit is agricultural and urban land uses and alluvial aquifers. Agriculture is the dominant land use in the study unit. Urban areas, although not extensive, represent important potential source areas of contaminants associated with residential, commercial, and industrial activities. Alluvial aquifers are present throughout much of the study unit, and constitute a major ground-water supply that is susceptible to contamination from land-use activities.</p>\n<p>Ground-water samples were collected from monitoring wells at 31 agricultural and 30 urban sites in the Eastern Iowa Basins study unit during June-August 1997 to evaluate the effects of land use and hydrogeology on the water quality of alluvial aquifers. Calcium, magnesium, and bicarbonate were the dominant ions in most samples and were likely derived from solution of carbonate minerals (calcite and dolomite) present in alluvial detrital deposits. Tritium-based ages indicate ground water was most likely recharged after the 1950's at all but one sampling site. Agricultural and urban land-use areas have remained relatively stable in the study area since the 1950's, therefore the effects of current land use should be reflected in ground water sampled during this study. Sodium and chloride concentrations were significantly higher in samples from urban areas, where roads are more numerous and road salts may be more frequently applied, than in agricultural areas. Nitrate was detected in 94 percent of samples from agricultural areas and 77 percent of samples from urban areas. Nitrate concentrations were significantly higher in agricultural areas than in urban areas and exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency maximum contaminant level for drinking water (10 milligrams per liter as N) in 39 percent of samples from agricultural areas. Nitrate concentrations in samples from urban areas did not exceed the maximum contaminant level. Greater usage of fertilizers in agricultural areas most likely contributes to higher nitrate concentrations in samples from those areas.</p>\n<p>Pesticides were detected in 84 percent of samples from agricultural areas and 70 percent from urban areas. Atrazine and metolachlor were the most frequently detected pesticides in samples from agricultural areas; atrazine and prometon were the most frequently detected pesticides in samples from urban areas. None of the pesticide concentrations exceeded U.S. Environmental Protection Agency maximum contaminant levels or lifetime health advisories for drinking water. Pesticide degradates were detected in 94 percent of samples from agricultural areas and 53 percent from urban areas. Metolachlor ethane sulfonic acid and deethylatrazine were the most frequently detected metabolites in samples from agricultural areas; metolachlor ethane sulfonic acid and alachlor ethane sulfonic acid were the most frequently detected degradates in samples from urban areas. Total degradate concentrations were significantly higher in samples from agricultural areas than in samples from urban areas. Total pesticide concentrations (parent compounds) tended to be higher in samples from agricultural areas; however, this difference was not statistically significant. Degradates constituted the major portion of the total residue concentration in the alluvial aquifer.</p>\n<p>Volatile organic compounds were detected in 40 percent of samples from urban areas and 10 percent from agricultural areas. Methyl tert-butyl ether was the most commonly detected volatile organic compound and was present in 23 percent of samples from urban areas. Elevated concentrations (greater than 30 micrograms per liter) of methyl tert-butyl ether and BTEX compounds (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene) in two samples from urban areas suggest the possible presence of point-source gasoline leaks or spills.</p>\n<p>Factors other than land use may contribute to observed differences in water quality between and within agricultural and urban areas. Nitrate, atrazine, deethylatrazine, and deisopropylatrazine concentrations were significantly higher in shallow wells with sample intervals nearer the water table and in wells with thinner cumulative clay thickness above the sample intervals, suggesting that longer flow paths allow for greater residence time and increase opportunities for sorbtion, degradation, and dispersion which may contribute to decreases in nutrient and pesticide concentrations with depth. Nitrogen speciation was influenced by redox conditions. Nitrate concentrations were significantly higher in ground water with dissolved-oxygen concentrations in excess of 0.5 milligrams per liter. Ammonia concentrations were higher in ground water with dissolved-oxygen concentrations of 0.5 milligrams per liter or less, however, this relation was not statistically significant. The amount of available organic matter may limit denitrification rates. Elevated nitrate concentrations (greater than 2.0 mg/L) were significantly related to lower dissolved organic carbon concentrations in water samples from both agricultural and urban areas. A similar relation between nitrate concentrations (in water) and organic carbon concentrations (in aquifer material) also was observed but was not statistically significant.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings from Agriculture and the Environment: State and Federal Initiatives conference","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"State and Federal Initiatives conference","conferenceDate":"March 5-7, 2001","conferenceLocation":"Ames, IA","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Savoca, M.E., Sadorf, E.M., Linhart, S.M., and Barnes, K., 2001, Quality of water in alluvial aquifers in eastern Iowa, <i>in</i> Proceedings from Agriculture and the Environment: State and Federal Initiatives conference, Ames, IA, March 5-7, 2001, p. 87-88.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"87","endPage":"88","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":316704,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70164501/70164501.html"},{"id":316705,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-91.217706,43.50055],[-91.216035,43.481142],[-91.233367,43.455168],[-91.200359,43.412701],[-91.198953,43.389835],[-91.21477,43.365874],[-91.20662,43.352524],[-91.132813,43.32803],[-91.107237,43.313645],[-91.07371,43.274746],[-91.071698,43.261014],[-91.058644,43.257679],[-91.066398,43.239293],[-91.12217,43.197255],[-91.1462,43.152405],[-91.1562,43.142945],[-91.175253,43.134665],[-91.179457,43.067427],[-91.156562,42.978226],[-91.14543,42.958211],[-91.14988,42.941955],[-91.1438,42.922877],[-91.146177,42.90985],[-91.100565,42.883078],[-91.097656,42.859871],[-91.091837,42.851225],[-91.09406,42.830813],[-91.078665,42.827678],[-91.069549,42.769628],[-91.060261,42.761847],[-91.065783,42.753387],[-91.056297,42.747341],[-91.051275,42.737001],[-91.035418,42.73734],[-91.026786,42.724228],[-91.000128,42.716189],[-90.977735,42.696816],[-90.949213,42.685573],[-90.923634,42.6855],[-90.88743,42.67247],[-90.731132,42.643437],[-90.706303,42.634169],[-90.692031,42.610366],[-90.686975,42.591774],[-90.661527,42.567999],[-90.654127,42.5499],[-90.643927,42.540401],[-90.636927,42.513202],[-90.655927,42.491703],[-90.654027,42.478503],[-90.624328,42.458904],[-90.567968,42.440389],[-90.560439,42.432897],[-90.555018,42.416138],[-90.477279,42.383794],[-90.462619,42.367253],[-90.443874,42.355218],[-90.416535,42.325109],[-90.430884,42.27823],[-90.419326,42.254467],[-90.400653,42.239293],[-90.391108,42.225473],[-90.356964,42.205445],[-90.328273,42.201047],[-90.282173,42.178846],[-90.234919,42.165431],[-90.209479,42.15268],[-90.197342,42.128163],[-90.167533,42.122475],[-90.161159,42.106372],[-90.168358,42.075779],[-90.164485,42.042105],[-90.151579,42.030633],[-90.140061,42.003252],[-90.146225,41.981329],[-90.164135,41.956178],[-90.163847,41.944934],[-90.152659,41.933058],[-90.153584,41.906614],[-90.181401,41.844647],[-90.181973,41.80707],[-90.278633,41.767358],[-90.310708,41.742214],[-90.317668,41.72269],[-90.313435,41.698082],[-90.334525,41.679559],[-90.343452,41.646959],[-90.339528,41.598633],[-90.343228,41.587833],[-90.41283,41.565333],[-90.461432,41.523533],[-90.500633,41.518033],[-90.540935,41.526133],[-90.591037,41.512832],[-90.602137,41.506032],[-90.605937,41.494232],[-90.655839,41.462132],[-90.750142,41.449632],[-90.846558,41.455141],[-90.930016,41.421404],[-90.979815,41.434321],[-91.027787,41.423603],[-91.043988,41.415897],[-91.05101,41.387556],[-91.06652,41.365246],[-91.074841,41.305578],[-91.092034,41.286911],[-91.114186,41.250029],[-91.113648,41.241401],[-91.07298,41.207151],[-91.041536,41.166138],[-91.027214,41.163373],[-91.007586,41.166183],[-90.99496,41.160624],[-90.946627,41.096632],[-90.949383,41.072711],[-90.942253,41.034702],[-90.945949,41.006495],[-90.958142,40.979767],[-90.952233,40.954047],[-90.965344,40.921633],[-91.009536,40.900565],[-91.021562,40.884021],[-91.044653,40.868356],[-91.05643,40.848387],[-91.092993,40.821079],[-91.097649,40.805575],[-91.091703,40.779708],[-91.110424,40.745528],[-91.115735,40.725168],[-91.11194,40.697018],[-91.123928,40.669152],[-91.185428,40.638071],[-91.253074,40.637962],[-91.306524,40.626231],[-91.339719,40.613488],[-91.359873,40.601805],[-91.379752,40.57445],[-91.401482,40.559458],[-91.406373,40.551831],[-91.404125,40.539127],[-91.384531,40.530948],[-91.369059,40.512532],[-91.364211,40.500043],[-91.364915,40.484168],[-91.381769,40.442555],[-91.372554,40.4012],[-91.381958,40.387632],[-91.419422,40.378264],[-91.441243,40.386255],[-91.452458,40.375501],[-91.463895,40.375659],[-91.465116,40.385257],[-91.484507,40.3839],[-91.490977,40.393484],[-91.487829,40.403866],[-91.498093,40.401926],[-91.522333,40.409648],[-91.527057,40.416689],[-91.519012,40.431298],[-91.529132,40.434272],[-91.533548,40.440804],[-91.523271,40.450061],[-91.526155,40.458625],[-91.552691,40.458769],[-91.574746,40.465664],[-91.590817,40.492292],[-91.621353,40.510072],[-91.618028,40.53403],[-91.6219,40.542292],[-91.6887,40.55739],[-91.691557,40.564867],[-91.686357,40.580875],[-91.716769,40.59853],[-91.729115,40.61364],[-92.686693,40.589809],[-94.294813,40.571341],[-94.632032,40.571186],[-95.765645,40.585208],[-95.753148,40.59284],[-95.748626,40.603355],[-95.768926,40.621264],[-95.776251,40.647463],[-95.795489,40.662384],[-95.822913,40.66724],[-95.842801,40.677496],[-95.852615,40.702262],[-95.883178,40.717579],[-95.888907,40.731855],[-95.879027,40.753081],[-95.84662,40.768619],[-95.835232,40.779151],[-95.834523,40.787778],[-95.845342,40.811324],[-95.837186,40.835347],[-95.847084,40.854174],[-95.847785,40.864328],[-95.838735,40.872191],[-95.815933,40.879846],[-95.809474,40.891228],[-95.813458,40.901693],[-95.836438,40.921642],[-95.839743,40.93278],[-95.829074,40.975688],[-95.838908,40.986484],[-95.867286,41.001599],[-95.869486,41.009399],[-95.859918,41.025403],[-95.859654,41.035695],[-95.882415,41.060411],[-95.862587,41.088399],[-95.865888,41.117898],[-95.882088,41.143998],[-95.883489,41.154898],[-95.871912,41.168122],[-95.846188,41.166698],[-95.841288,41.174998],[-95.856788,41.187098],[-95.90969,41.184398],[-95.91829,41.186698],[-95.92599,41.195698],[-95.924891,41.211198],[-95.910891,41.231798],[-95.921891,41.264598],[-95.913991,41.271398],[-95.928691,41.281398],[-95.927491,41.298397],[-95.90589,41.300897],[-95.90429,41.293497],[-95.912491,41.279498],[-95.90249,41.273398],[-95.87689,41.285097],[-95.871489,41.295797],[-95.883089,41.316697],[-95.92569,41.322197],[-95.946891,41.334096],[-95.956691,41.345496],[-95.954891,41.351796],[-95.93549,41.360596],[-95.92879,41.370096],[-95.93689,41.396387],[-95.929721,41.411331],[-95.933169,41.42943],[-95.919865,41.447922],[-95.922529,41.455766],[-95.936801,41.46519],[-95.962329,41.46281],[-96.011757,41.476212],[-96.019542,41.486617],[-95.997903,41.504789],[-95.992599,41.514174],[-95.999529,41.538679],[-96.005079,41.544004],[-96.019686,41.545743],[-96.027289,41.541081],[-96.034305,41.512853],[-96.040701,41.507076],[-96.05369,41.508859],[-96.07307,41.525052],[-96.08822,41.530595],[-96.09409,41.539265],[-96.093613,41.558271],[-96.081152,41.577289],[-96.085771,41.585746],[-96.109387,41.596871],[-96.117558,41.609999],[-96.116233,41.621574],[-96.100701,41.635507],[-96.095046,41.647365],[-96.099837,41.66103],[-96.120983,41.677861],[-96.121401,41.688522],[-96.111968,41.697773],[-96.082429,41.698159],[-96.073063,41.705004],[-96.079682,41.717962],[-96.10261,41.728016],[-96.106425,41.73789],[-96.102772,41.746339],[-96.079915,41.757895],[-96.077543,41.777824],[-96.064537,41.793002],[-96.075548,41.807811],[-96.107592,41.820685],[-96.110246,41.84885],[-96.142045,41.868865],[-96.148826,41.888132],[-96.161756,41.90182],[-96.160767,41.908044],[-96.136743,41.920826],[-96.144583,41.941544],[-96.133318,41.955732],[-96.1289,41.969727],[-96.141228,41.978063],[-96.156538,41.980137],[-96.184243,41.976696],[-96.192141,41.984461],[-96.183568,41.999987],[-96.194556,42.008662],[-96.215225,42.006701],[-96.223896,41.995456],[-96.236487,41.996428],[-96.241932,42.006965],[-96.223611,42.022652],[-96.223822,42.033346],[-96.238392,42.041088],[-96.261132,42.038974],[-96.271427,42.044988],[-96.279342,42.07028],[-96.267636,42.096177],[-96.2689,42.11359],[-96.279203,42.12348],[-96.310085,42.132523],[-96.319528,42.146647],[-96.342395,42.160491],[-96.349688,42.172043],[-96.348066,42.194747],[-96.35987,42.210545],[-96.358141,42.214088],[-96.336323,42.218922],[-96.323723,42.229887],[-96.330004,42.240224],[-96.328905,42.254734],[-96.336003,42.264806],[-96.365792,42.285875],[-96.369212,42.308344],[-96.375307,42.318339],[-96.407998,42.337408],[-96.417786,42.351449],[-96.417093,42.361443],[-96.408436,42.376092],[-96.41498,42.393442],[-96.413609,42.407894],[-96.387608,42.432494],[-96.380707,42.446394],[-96.385407,42.473094],[-96.396107,42.484095],[-96.409408,42.487595],[-96.474409,42.491895],[-96.476909,42.497795],[-96.473339,42.503537],[-96.477454,42.509589],[-96.490089,42.512441],[-96.49297,42.517282],[-96.479909,42.524195],[-96.476952,42.556079],[-96.498041,42.558153],[-96.498709,42.57087],[-96.489328,42.5708],[-96.485796,42.575001],[-96.49545,42.579474],[-96.494777,42.585741],[-96.499885,42.588539],[-96.509468,42.61273],[-96.517048,42.615343],[-96.525671,42.609312],[-96.531604,42.615148],[-96.518542,42.62035],[-96.516338,42.630435],[-96.537881,42.646446],[-96.542366,42.660736],[-96.559281,42.657903],[-96.556461,42.663939],[-96.566684,42.675942],[-96.576381,42.671302],[-96.575299,42.682665],[-96.596405,42.688514],[-96.59908,42.697296],[-96.61017,42.694568],[-96.629625,42.705102],[-96.624446,42.714294],[-96.624704,42.725497],[-96.631931,42.725086],[-96.638621,42.734921],[-96.630485,42.750378],[-96.620548,42.753534],[-96.620272,42.757124],[-96.632212,42.761512],[-96.633168,42.768325],[-96.61949,42.784034],[-96.604559,42.783034],[-96.595283,42.792982],[-96.590757,42.808255],[-96.596008,42.815044],[-96.585699,42.818041],[-96.577937,42.827645],[-96.581604,42.837521],[-96.571353,42.837155],[-96.565605,42.830434],[-96.560572,42.839373],[-96.552092,42.836057],[-96.549513,42.839143],[-96.554709,42.846142],[-96.545502,42.849956],[-96.54146,42.857682],[-96.550439,42.863171],[-96.549659,42.870281],[-96.537851,42.878475],[-96.540396,42.888877],[-96.526563,42.893755],[-96.542847,42.903737],[-96.537354,42.908791],[-96.541689,42.922576],[-96.525536,42.935511],[-96.516203,42.933769],[-96.52012,42.938183],[-96.500308,42.959391],[-96.505028,42.970844],[-96.515922,42.972886],[-96.520773,42.980385],[-96.512237,42.985937],[-96.509986,42.995126],[-96.49782,42.998143],[-96.49167,43.009707],[-96.499187,43.019213],[-96.510995,43.024701],[-96.509146,43.03668],[-96.518431,43.042068],[-96.510256,43.049917],[-96.490365,43.050789],[-96.476905,43.062383],[-96.463094,43.062981],[-96.458201,43.067554],[-96.454188,43.083379],[-96.462636,43.089614],[-96.460516,43.09494],[-96.436589,43.120842],[-96.450361,43.142237],[-96.458854,43.143356],[-96.466537,43.150281],[-96.464896,43.182034],[-96.473834,43.189804],[-96.470781,43.205099],[-96.475571,43.221054],[-96.496454,43.223652],[-96.519273,43.21769],[-96.535741,43.22764],[-96.56044,43.224219],[-96.568505,43.231554],[-96.571194,43.238961],[-96.552963,43.247281],[-96.552591,43.257769],[-96.582904,43.26769],[-96.586317,43.274319],[-96.577588,43.2788],[-96.580346,43.298204],[-96.553087,43.29286],[-96.530392,43.300034],[-96.526004,43.309999],[-96.534913,43.336473],[-96.524289,43.347214],[-96.527345,43.368109],[-96.521323,43.374607],[-96.521572,43.38564],[-96.524044,43.394762],[-96.529152,43.397735],[-96.537116,43.395063],[-96.573579,43.419228],[-96.569628,43.427527],[-96.575181,43.431756],[-96.592905,43.43317],[-96.602608,43.449649],[-96.600039,43.45708],[-96.584603,43.46961],[-96.586364,43.478251],[-96.580997,43.481384],[-96.590452,43.494298],[-96.598396,43.495074],[-96.598929,43.500441],[-91.217706,43.50055]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Iowa\",\"nation\":\"USA  \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56b9ca8ae4b08d617f63a85c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Savoca, Mark E. mesavoca@usgs.gov","contributorId":1961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savoca","given":"Mark","email":"mesavoca@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":597632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sadorf, Eric M. emsadorf@usgs.gov","contributorId":2245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sadorf","given":"Eric","email":"emsadorf@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":597633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Linhart, S. Michael","contributorId":67932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Linhart","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Barnes, Kimberlee K.","contributorId":41476,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnes","given":"Kimberlee K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70164493,"text":"70164493 - 2001 - The occurrence of chloroacetanilide and triazine herbicide degradates in streams in eastern Iowa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-08T12:57:55","indexId":"70164493","displayToPublicDate":"2001-05-01T14:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"The occurrence of chloroacetanilide and triazine herbicide degradates in streams in eastern Iowa","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Agriculture and the Environment: State and Federal Water Initiatives Conference","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"State and Federal Water Initiatives Conference","conferenceDate":"March 5-7, 2001","conferenceLocation":"Ames, IA","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Kalkhoff, S.J., Schnoebelen, D.J., and Thurman, E., 2001, The occurrence of chloroacetanilide and triazine herbicide degradates in streams in eastern Iowa, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the Agriculture and the Environment: State and Federal Water Initiatives Conference, Ames, IA, March 5-7, 2001, p. 25-26.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"25","endPage":"26","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":316673,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-91.217706,43.50055],[-91.216035,43.481142],[-91.233367,43.455168],[-91.200359,43.412701],[-91.198953,43.389835],[-91.21477,43.365874],[-91.20662,43.352524],[-91.132813,43.32803],[-91.107237,43.313645],[-91.07371,43.274746],[-91.071698,43.261014],[-91.058644,43.257679],[-91.066398,43.239293],[-91.12217,43.197255],[-91.1462,43.152405],[-91.1562,43.142945],[-91.175253,43.134665],[-91.179457,43.067427],[-91.156562,42.978226],[-91.14543,42.958211],[-91.14988,42.941955],[-91.1438,42.922877],[-91.146177,42.90985],[-91.100565,42.883078],[-91.097656,42.859871],[-91.091837,42.851225],[-91.09406,42.830813],[-91.078665,42.827678],[-91.069549,42.769628],[-91.060261,42.761847],[-91.065783,42.753387],[-91.056297,42.747341],[-91.051275,42.737001],[-91.035418,42.73734],[-91.026786,42.724228],[-91.000128,42.716189],[-90.977735,42.696816],[-90.949213,42.685573],[-90.923634,42.6855],[-90.88743,42.67247],[-90.731132,42.643437],[-90.706303,42.634169],[-90.692031,42.610366],[-90.686975,42.591774],[-90.661527,42.567999],[-90.654127,42.5499],[-90.643927,42.540401],[-90.636927,42.513202],[-90.655927,42.491703],[-90.654027,42.478503],[-90.624328,42.458904],[-90.567968,42.440389],[-90.560439,42.432897],[-90.555018,42.416138],[-90.477279,42.383794],[-90.462619,42.367253],[-90.443874,42.355218],[-90.416535,42.325109],[-90.430884,42.27823],[-90.419326,42.254467],[-90.400653,42.239293],[-90.391108,42.225473],[-90.356964,42.205445],[-90.328273,42.201047],[-90.282173,42.178846],[-90.234919,42.165431],[-90.209479,42.15268],[-90.197342,42.128163],[-90.167533,42.122475],[-90.161159,42.106372],[-90.168358,42.075779],[-90.164485,42.042105],[-90.151579,42.030633],[-90.140061,42.003252],[-90.146225,41.981329],[-90.164135,41.956178],[-90.163847,41.944934],[-90.152659,41.933058],[-90.153584,41.906614],[-90.181401,41.844647],[-90.181973,41.80707],[-90.278633,41.767358],[-90.310708,41.742214],[-90.317668,41.72269],[-90.313435,41.698082],[-90.334525,41.679559],[-90.343452,41.646959],[-90.339528,41.598633],[-90.343228,41.587833],[-90.41283,41.565333],[-90.461432,41.523533],[-90.500633,41.518033],[-90.540935,41.526133],[-90.591037,41.512832],[-90.602137,41.506032],[-90.605937,41.494232],[-90.655839,41.462132],[-90.750142,41.449632],[-90.846558,41.455141],[-90.930016,41.421404],[-90.979815,41.434321],[-91.027787,41.423603],[-91.043988,41.415897],[-91.05101,41.387556],[-91.06652,41.365246],[-91.074841,41.305578],[-91.092034,41.286911],[-91.114186,41.250029],[-91.113648,41.241401],[-91.07298,41.207151],[-91.041536,41.166138],[-91.027214,41.163373],[-91.007586,41.166183],[-90.99496,41.160624],[-90.946627,41.096632],[-90.949383,41.072711],[-90.942253,41.034702],[-90.945949,41.006495],[-90.958142,40.979767],[-90.952233,40.954047],[-90.965344,40.921633],[-91.009536,40.900565],[-91.021562,40.884021],[-91.044653,40.868356],[-91.05643,40.848387],[-91.092993,40.821079],[-91.097649,40.805575],[-91.091703,40.779708],[-91.110424,40.745528],[-91.115735,40.725168],[-91.11194,40.697018],[-91.123928,40.669152],[-91.185428,40.638071],[-91.253074,40.637962],[-91.306524,40.626231],[-91.339719,40.613488],[-91.359873,40.601805],[-91.379752,40.57445],[-91.401482,40.559458],[-91.406373,40.551831],[-91.404125,40.539127],[-91.384531,40.530948],[-91.369059,40.512532],[-91.364211,40.500043],[-91.364915,40.484168],[-91.381769,40.442555],[-91.372554,40.4012],[-91.381958,40.387632],[-91.419422,40.378264],[-91.441243,40.386255],[-91.452458,40.375501],[-91.463895,40.375659],[-91.465116,40.385257],[-91.484507,40.3839],[-91.490977,40.393484],[-91.487829,40.403866],[-91.498093,40.401926],[-91.522333,40.409648],[-91.527057,40.416689],[-91.519012,40.431298],[-91.529132,40.434272],[-91.533548,40.440804],[-91.523271,40.450061],[-91.526155,40.458625],[-91.552691,40.458769],[-91.574746,40.465664],[-91.590817,40.492292],[-91.621353,40.510072],[-91.618028,40.53403],[-91.6219,40.542292],[-91.6887,40.55739],[-91.691557,40.564867],[-91.686357,40.580875],[-91.716769,40.59853],[-91.729115,40.61364],[-92.686693,40.589809],[-94.294813,40.571341],[-94.632032,40.571186],[-95.765645,40.585208],[-95.753148,40.59284],[-95.748626,40.603355],[-95.768926,40.621264],[-95.776251,40.647463],[-95.795489,40.662384],[-95.822913,40.66724],[-95.842801,40.677496],[-95.852615,40.702262],[-95.883178,40.717579],[-95.888907,40.731855],[-95.879027,40.753081],[-95.84662,40.768619],[-95.835232,40.779151],[-95.834523,40.787778],[-95.845342,40.811324],[-95.837186,40.835347],[-95.847084,40.854174],[-95.847785,40.864328],[-95.838735,40.872191],[-95.815933,40.879846],[-95.809474,40.891228],[-95.813458,40.901693],[-95.836438,40.921642],[-95.839743,40.93278],[-95.829074,40.975688],[-95.838908,40.986484],[-95.867286,41.001599],[-95.869486,41.009399],[-95.859918,41.025403],[-95.859654,41.035695],[-95.882415,41.060411],[-95.862587,41.088399],[-95.865888,41.117898],[-95.882088,41.143998],[-95.883489,41.154898],[-95.871912,41.168122],[-95.846188,41.166698],[-95.841288,41.174998],[-95.856788,41.187098],[-95.90969,41.184398],[-95.91829,41.186698],[-95.92599,41.195698],[-95.924891,41.211198],[-95.910891,41.231798],[-95.921891,41.264598],[-95.913991,41.271398],[-95.928691,41.281398],[-95.927491,41.298397],[-95.90589,41.300897],[-95.90429,41.293497],[-95.912491,41.279498],[-95.90249,41.273398],[-95.87689,41.285097],[-95.871489,41.295797],[-95.883089,41.316697],[-95.92569,41.322197],[-95.946891,41.334096],[-95.956691,41.345496],[-95.954891,41.351796],[-95.93549,41.360596],[-95.92879,41.370096],[-95.93689,41.396387],[-95.929721,41.411331],[-95.933169,41.42943],[-95.919865,41.447922],[-95.922529,41.455766],[-95.936801,41.46519],[-95.962329,41.46281],[-96.011757,41.476212],[-96.019542,41.486617],[-95.997903,41.504789],[-95.992599,41.514174],[-95.999529,41.538679],[-96.005079,41.544004],[-96.019686,41.545743],[-96.027289,41.541081],[-96.034305,41.512853],[-96.040701,41.507076],[-96.05369,41.508859],[-96.07307,41.525052],[-96.08822,41.530595],[-96.09409,41.539265],[-96.093613,41.558271],[-96.081152,41.577289],[-96.085771,41.585746],[-96.109387,41.596871],[-96.117558,41.609999],[-96.116233,41.621574],[-96.100701,41.635507],[-96.095046,41.647365],[-96.099837,41.66103],[-96.120983,41.677861],[-96.121401,41.688522],[-96.111968,41.697773],[-96.082429,41.698159],[-96.073063,41.705004],[-96.079682,41.717962],[-96.10261,41.728016],[-96.106425,41.73789],[-96.102772,41.746339],[-96.079915,41.757895],[-96.077543,41.777824],[-96.064537,41.793002],[-96.075548,41.807811],[-96.107592,41.820685],[-96.110246,41.84885],[-96.142045,41.868865],[-96.148826,41.888132],[-96.161756,41.90182],[-96.160767,41.908044],[-96.136743,41.920826],[-96.144583,41.941544],[-96.133318,41.955732],[-96.1289,41.969727],[-96.141228,41.978063],[-96.156538,41.980137],[-96.184243,41.976696],[-96.192141,41.984461],[-96.183568,41.999987],[-96.194556,42.008662],[-96.215225,42.006701],[-96.223896,41.995456],[-96.236487,41.996428],[-96.241932,42.006965],[-96.223611,42.022652],[-96.223822,42.033346],[-96.238392,42.041088],[-96.261132,42.038974],[-96.271427,42.044988],[-96.279342,42.07028],[-96.267636,42.096177],[-96.2689,42.11359],[-96.279203,42.12348],[-96.310085,42.132523],[-96.319528,42.146647],[-96.342395,42.160491],[-96.349688,42.172043],[-96.348066,42.194747],[-96.35987,42.210545],[-96.358141,42.214088],[-96.336323,42.218922],[-96.323723,42.229887],[-96.330004,42.240224],[-96.328905,42.254734],[-96.336003,42.264806],[-96.365792,42.285875],[-96.369212,42.308344],[-96.375307,42.318339],[-96.407998,42.337408],[-96.417786,42.351449],[-96.417093,42.361443],[-96.408436,42.376092],[-96.41498,42.393442],[-96.413609,42.407894],[-96.387608,42.432494],[-96.380707,42.446394],[-96.385407,42.473094],[-96.396107,42.484095],[-96.409408,42.487595],[-96.474409,42.491895],[-96.476909,42.497795],[-96.473339,42.503537],[-96.477454,42.509589],[-96.490089,42.512441],[-96.49297,42.517282],[-96.479909,42.524195],[-96.476952,42.556079],[-96.498041,42.558153],[-96.498709,42.57087],[-96.489328,42.5708],[-96.485796,42.575001],[-96.49545,42.579474],[-96.494777,42.585741],[-96.499885,42.588539],[-96.509468,42.61273],[-96.517048,42.615343],[-96.525671,42.609312],[-96.531604,42.615148],[-96.518542,42.62035],[-96.516338,42.630435],[-96.537881,42.646446],[-96.542366,42.660736],[-96.559281,42.657903],[-96.556461,42.663939],[-96.566684,42.675942],[-96.576381,42.671302],[-96.575299,42.682665],[-96.596405,42.688514],[-96.59908,42.697296],[-96.61017,42.694568],[-96.629625,42.705102],[-96.624446,42.714294],[-96.624704,42.725497],[-96.631931,42.725086],[-96.638621,42.734921],[-96.630485,42.750378],[-96.620548,42.753534],[-96.620272,42.757124],[-96.632212,42.761512],[-96.633168,42.768325],[-96.61949,42.784034],[-96.604559,42.783034],[-96.595283,42.792982],[-96.590757,42.808255],[-96.596008,42.815044],[-96.585699,42.818041],[-96.577937,42.827645],[-96.581604,42.837521],[-96.571353,42.837155],[-96.565605,42.830434],[-96.560572,42.839373],[-96.552092,42.836057],[-96.549513,42.839143],[-96.554709,42.846142],[-96.545502,42.849956],[-96.54146,42.857682],[-96.550439,42.863171],[-96.549659,42.870281],[-96.537851,42.878475],[-96.540396,42.888877],[-96.526563,42.893755],[-96.542847,42.903737],[-96.537354,42.908791],[-96.541689,42.922576],[-96.525536,42.935511],[-96.516203,42.933769],[-96.52012,42.938183],[-96.500308,42.959391],[-96.505028,42.970844],[-96.515922,42.972886],[-96.520773,42.980385],[-96.512237,42.985937],[-96.509986,42.995126],[-96.49782,42.998143],[-96.49167,43.009707],[-96.499187,43.019213],[-96.510995,43.024701],[-96.509146,43.03668],[-96.518431,43.042068],[-96.510256,43.049917],[-96.490365,43.050789],[-96.476905,43.062383],[-96.463094,43.062981],[-96.458201,43.067554],[-96.454188,43.083379],[-96.462636,43.089614],[-96.460516,43.09494],[-96.436589,43.120842],[-96.450361,43.142237],[-96.458854,43.143356],[-96.466537,43.150281],[-96.464896,43.182034],[-96.473834,43.189804],[-96.470781,43.205099],[-96.475571,43.221054],[-96.496454,43.223652],[-96.519273,43.21769],[-96.535741,43.22764],[-96.56044,43.224219],[-96.568505,43.231554],[-96.571194,43.238961],[-96.552963,43.247281],[-96.552591,43.257769],[-96.582904,43.26769],[-96.586317,43.274319],[-96.577588,43.2788],[-96.580346,43.298204],[-96.553087,43.29286],[-96.530392,43.300034],[-96.526004,43.309999],[-96.534913,43.336473],[-96.524289,43.347214],[-96.527345,43.368109],[-96.521323,43.374607],[-96.521572,43.38564],[-96.524044,43.394762],[-96.529152,43.397735],[-96.537116,43.395063],[-96.573579,43.419228],[-96.569628,43.427527],[-96.575181,43.431756],[-96.592905,43.43317],[-96.602608,43.449649],[-96.600039,43.45708],[-96.584603,43.46961],[-96.586364,43.478251],[-96.580997,43.481384],[-96.590452,43.494298],[-96.598396,43.495074],[-96.598929,43.500441],[-91.217706,43.50055]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Iowa\",\"nation\":\"USA  \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56b9ca99e4b08d617f63a884","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kalkhoff, Stephen J. 0000-0003-4110-1716 sjkalkho@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4110-1716","contributorId":1731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kalkhoff","given":"Stephen","email":"sjkalkho@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35680,"text":"Illinois-Iowa-Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":597597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schnoebelen, Douglas J.","contributorId":87514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schnoebelen","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thurman, Earl Michael","contributorId":43323,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thurman","given":"Earl Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70164492,"text":"70164492 - 2001 - Water quality in the eastern Iowa basins","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-20T10:07:00","indexId":"70164492","displayToPublicDate":"2001-05-01T13:45:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5052,"text":"Integrated Crop Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Water quality in the eastern Iowa basins","docAbstract":"<p>This article summarizes major findings about nutrients in surface and groundwater in the eastern Iowa basins (see map) between 1996 and 1998. The data were collected as part of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Water-Quality Assessment Program (NAWQA). Water quality is discussed in terms of local and regional issues and compared with conditions found in all 36 National NAWQA study areas assessed to date. Findings are explained in the context of selected national U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) benchmarks, such as those for drinking water quality and the protection of aquatic organisms.</p>\n<p>The Eastern Iowa Basins Study Unit includes the Wapsipinicon, Cedar, Iowa, and Skunk River basins and covers approximately 19,500 square miles in eastern Iowa and southern Minnesota. More than 90 percent of the land in the study unit is used for agricultural purposes. Forested areas account for only 4 percent of the land area.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Iowa State University Extension","publisherLocation":"Ames, IA","usgsCitation":"Kalkhoff, S.J., Barnes, K.K., Becher, K., Savoca, M.E., Schnoebelen, D.J., Sadorf, E.M., Porter, S.D., Sullivan, D.J., and Creswell, J., 2001, Water quality in the eastern Iowa basins: Integrated Crop Management, v. 23, p. 185-186.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"185","endPage":"186","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":316672,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":316671,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.ipm.iastate.edu/ipm/icm/2001/10-22-2001/waterqual.html"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa, Minnesota","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -92.2906494140625,\n              43.249203966977845\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.48291015625,\n              43.44893105587766\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.6531982421875,\n              43.64800079902171\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.74108886718749,\n              43.74728909225906\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.8179931640625,\n              43.77902662160831\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.9058837890625,\n              43.878097874251736\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.03771972656249,\n              43.909765943908\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.2080078125,\n              43.9058083561574\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.1915283203125,\n              43.79488907226601\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.3453369140625,\n              43.8028187190472\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.6090087890625,\n              43.80678314779554\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.7518310546875,\n              43.70362249839005\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.878173828125,\n              43.64005063334694\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.9825439453125,\n              43.520671902437606\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.053955078125,\n              43.432977075795606\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.130859375,\n              43.27320591705845\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.1802978515625,\n              43.12905229628564\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.09790039062499,\n              43.04881979669318\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.9990234375,\n              42.96044267380142\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.9056396484375,\n              42.81555136172695\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.84521484375,\n              42.581399679665054\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.7847900390625,\n              42.42345651793833\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.85620117187499,\n              42.32200108060303\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.02099609375,\n              42.24478535602799\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.93310546875,\n              42.09822241118974\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.88916015625,\n              41.96765920367816\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.834228515625,\n              41.795888098191426\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.724365234375,\n              41.72623044860004\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.526611328125,\n              41.541477666790286\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.3782958984375,\n              41.492120839687786\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.218994140625,\n              41.46742831254425\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.0816650390625,\n              41.40153558289846\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.9498291015625,\n              41.343824581185686\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.8948974609375,\n              41.25716209782705\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.6971435546875,\n              41.22824901518532\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.5872802734375,\n              41.15384235711447\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.43896484375,\n              41.07935114946899\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.35107421874999,\n              40.94671366508002\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.230224609375,\n              40.89275342420696\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.966552734375,\n              40.79301881008675\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.95556640625,\n              40.75974059207392\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.82373046875,\n              40.72228267283148\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.7303466796875,\n              40.63896734381723\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.5216064453125,\n              40.538851525354666\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.5545654296875,\n              40.65980593837855\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.593017578125,\n              40.76390128094589\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.47216796875,\n              40.76390128094589\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.34033203125,\n              40.75557964275591\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.20849609375,\n              40.79717741518769\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.153564453125,\n              40.851215574282456\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.20849609375,\n              40.942564441333296\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.2744140625,\n              41.01721057822846\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.29638671875,\n              41.10005163093046\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.29089355468749,\n              41.20758898181025\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.351318359375,\n              41.32320110223851\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.2689208984375,\n              41.46742831254425\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.16455078125,\n              41.51269075845857\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.03271484375,\n              41.549700145132725\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.90087890624999,\n              41.52091689636249\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.758056640625,\n              41.56203190200195\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.560302734375,\n              41.60312076451184\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.450439453125,\n              41.6770148220322\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.428466796875,\n              41.759019938155404\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.32409667968749,\n              41.81636125072054\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.2911376953125,\n              41.902277040963696\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.46142578125,\n              41.92271616673924\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.6317138671875,\n              41.90636538970964\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.90087890624999,\n              41.99624282178583\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.153564453125,\n              42.07783959017503\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.2689208984375,\n              42.17561739661684\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.483154296875,\n              42.33012354634199\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.6534423828125,\n              42.53689200787317\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.8017578125,\n              42.72683914955442\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.9390869140625,\n              42.879989517714826\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.208251953125,\n              43.137069765760344\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.2906494140625,\n              43.249203966977845\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"23","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56b9ca9be4b08d617f63a892","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kalkhoff, Stephen J. 0000-0003-4110-1716 sjkalkho@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4110-1716","contributorId":1731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kalkhoff","given":"Stephen","email":"sjkalkho@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":35680,"text":"Illinois-Iowa-Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":597588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barnes, Kimberlee K. 0000-0002-8917-7165 kkbarnes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8917-7165","contributorId":2683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnes","given":"Kimberlee","email":"kkbarnes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":597589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Becher, Kent 0000-0002-3947-0793 kdbecher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3947-0793","contributorId":3863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Becher","given":"Kent","email":"kdbecher@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":597590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Savoca, Mark E. mesavoca@usgs.gov","contributorId":1961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savoca","given":"Mark","email":"mesavoca@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":597591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schnoebelen, Douglas J.","contributorId":87514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schnoebelen","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sadorf, Eric M. emsadorf@usgs.gov","contributorId":2245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sadorf","given":"Eric","email":"emsadorf@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":597593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Porter, Stephen D.","contributorId":16429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Porter","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Sullivan, Daniel J. 0000-0003-2705-3738 djsulliv@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2705-3738","contributorId":1703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sullivan","given":"Daniel","email":"djsulliv@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":597595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Creswell, John","contributorId":156355,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Creswell","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70164489,"text":"70164489 - 2001 - Basinsoft, a computer program to quantify drainage basin characteristics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-08T11:52:54","indexId":"70164489","displayToPublicDate":"2001-05-01T12:45:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Basinsoft, a computer program to quantify drainage basin characteristics","docAbstract":"<p>Surface water runoff is a function of many interrelated factors including climate, soils, landuse, and the physiography of the drainage basin. A practical and effective method to quantify drainage basin characteristics would allow analysis of the interrelations of these factors, leading to an improved understanding of the effects of drainage basin characteristics on surface-water runoff. Historically, the quantification of drainage basin characteristics has been a tedious and time-consuming process. Recent improvements in computer hardware and software technology have enabled the developers of a program called Basinsoft to automate this process. Basinsoft requires minimal preprocessing of data and provides an efficient, automated procedure for quantifying selected morphometric characteristics and the option to area-weight characteristics for a drainage basin. The user of Basinsoft is assumed to have a limited amount of experience in the use of ARC/INFO, a proprietary geographic information system (GIS). (The use of brand names in this chapter is for identification purposes only and does not constitute endorsement by the U.S. Geological Survey [USGS].)</p>\n<p>In 1988, the USGS began developing a program called Basinsoft. The initial program quantified 16 selected drainage basin characteristics from three source-data layers that were manually digitized from topographic maps using the versions of ARC/INFO, Fortran programs, and prime system Command Programming Language (CPL) programs available in 1988 (Majure and Soenksen, 1991). By 1991, Basinsoft was enhanced to quantify 27 selected drainage-basin characteristics from three source-data layers automatically generated from digital elevation model (DEM) data using a set of Fortran programs (Majure and Eash, 1991: Jenson and Dominique, 1988). Due to edge-matching problems encountered in 1991 with the preprocessing</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"GIS for Water Resource and Watershed Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":13,"text":"Handbook"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","publisherLocation":"London","doi":"10.1201/9780203217917.ch4","usgsCitation":"Harvey, C.A., and Eash, D.A., 2001, Basinsoft, a computer program to quantify drainage basin characteristics, chap. <i>of</i> GIS for Water Resource and Watershed Management, p. 39-52, https://doi.org/10.1201/9780203217917.ch4.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"39","endPage":"52","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":316667,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-12-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56b9ca48e4b08d617f63a7f5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harvey, Craig A.","contributorId":103325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvey","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eash, David A. 0000-0002-2749-8959 daeash@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2749-8959","contributorId":1887,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eash","given":"David","email":"daeash@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":597575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":31165,"text":"ofr00323 - 2001 - Chemical analysis and modes of occurrence of selected trace elements in a Powder River basin coal and its corresponding simulated cleaned coal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-31T13:28:48","indexId":"ofr00323","displayToPublicDate":"2001-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-323","title":"Chemical analysis and modes of occurrence of selected trace elements in a Powder River basin coal and its corresponding simulated cleaned coal","docAbstract":"<p>This report provides semi-quantitative data on modes of occurrence of 19 elements in as-mined Powder River Basin coal and its corresponding simulated cleaned coal. The data are in support of the project \"Prediction of Trace Element Removal from Coal\" --a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) with CQ Inc. The purpose of this CRADA is to apply modes of occurrence information to coal cleaning procedures. Techniques used in this study include sequential selective leaching procedures, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, and electron microprobe analysis. Selective leaching results indicate that greater than 40 percent of the elements Co, U, Be, Ca, Fe, Mn, Ba, Zn, Cd, Pb are associated with HCIsoluble carbonates, iron oxides, or monosulfides, greater than 40 percent of the Al, Cr and Mo are associated with HF-soluble silicates, greater than 40 percent of the Ni, Cu, As and Sb are associated with acid-insoluble phases and/or organic matter, and greater than 50 percent of the Hg is associated with HMDs-soluble pyrite. Thirty percent of the Th was leached by HCI and 30 percent of this element was leached by HF. Scanning electron microscopy indicates that quartz, kaolinite, illite and iron oxide, possibly hematite, are the major minerals present. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed that quartz, kaolinite and hematite are present, but did not determine illite, indicating that illite in these coals is of low abundance or is poorly crystalline. Electron microprobe data indicate that concentrations of the chalcophile elements As, Se, Cu, Ni, Zn, and Cd in most pyrite grains are at or below the detection limit of about 100-200 ppm in both the as-mined coal and its corresponding simulated cleaned coal product. The results of this project should aid in the development of models for predicting the response of potentially toxic trace elements in commercial coal cleaning procedures.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr00323","usgsCitation":"Palmer, C., Mroczkowski, S.J., Kolker, A., Finkelman, R., and Bullock, J.H., 2001, Chemical analysis and modes of occurrence of selected trace elements in a Powder River basin coal and its corresponding simulated cleaned coal: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-323, 53 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr00323.","productDescription":"53 p. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":161016,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0323/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59695,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0323/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"10.15 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e1e4b07f02db5e4975","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Palmer, Curtis A.","contributorId":46967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Palmer","given":"Curtis A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mroczkowski, Stanley J. 0000-0001-8026-6025 smroczko@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8026-6025","contributorId":2628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mroczkowski","given":"Stanley","email":"smroczko@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":205198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kolker, Allan 0000-0002-5768-4533 akolker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5768-4533","contributorId":643,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolker","given":"Allan","email":"akolker@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":205195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Finkelman, Robert B.","contributorId":38138,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Finkelman","given":"Robert B.","affiliations":[{"id":6643,"text":"University of California - Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":205196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bullock, John H. Jr.","contributorId":105316,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bullock","given":"John","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70180092,"text":"70180092 - 2001 - Evaluation of the fish passage effectiveness of the Bonneville I prototype surface collector using three-dimensional ultrasonic fish tracking - Final Report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-24T11:38:47","indexId":"70180092","displayToPublicDate":"2001-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"title":"Evaluation of the fish passage effectiveness of the Bonneville I prototype surface collector using three-dimensional ultrasonic fish tracking - Final Report","docAbstract":"<p>This report describes tests conducted at Bonneville Dam on the Columbia River in the spring of 2000. The studies used three-dimensional (3D) acoustic telemetry and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) hydraulic modeling techniques to evaluate the response of outmigrating juvenile steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and yearling chinook (O. tshawytscha) to the Prototype Surface Collector (PSC) installed at Powerhouse I of Bonneville Dam in 1998 to test the concept of using a deep-slot surface bypass collector to divert downstream migrating salmon from turbines. The study was conducted by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), the Waterways Experiment Station of the U.S. Army Corp of Engineers (COE), Asci Corporation, and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), and was sponsored by COE’s Portland District. The goal of the study was to observe the three-dimensional behavior of tagged fish (fish bearing ultrasonic micro-transmitters) within 100 meters (m) of the surface flow bypass structure to test hypotheses about the response of migrants to flow stimuli generated by the presence of the surface flow bypass prototype and its operation. Research was done in parallel with radio telemetry studies conducted by USGS and hydroacoustic studies conducted by WES &amp; Asci to evaluate the prototype surface collector. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Faber, D., Weiland, M., Moursund, R., Carlson, T., Adams, N., and Rondorf, D., 2001, Evaluation of the fish passage effectiveness of the Bonneville I prototype surface collector using three-dimensional ultrasonic fish tracking - Final Report, xiii., 80 p.","productDescription":"xiii., 80 p.","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333792,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"588876dce4b05ccb964baadd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Faber, D.M","contributorId":178013,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Faber","given":"D.M","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Weiland, M.A.","contributorId":178654,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weiland","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moursund, R.A.","contributorId":178655,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moursund","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Carlson, T.J.","contributorId":178656,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carlson","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Adams, N.","contributorId":178657,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Adams","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rondorf, D.","contributorId":178346,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rondorf","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":30713,"text":"fs00601 - 2001 - Earthquakes in and near the Northeastern United States, 1638-1998","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:15","indexId":"fs00601","displayToPublicDate":"2001-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"006-01","title":"Earthquakes in and near the Northeastern United States, 1638-1998","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/fs00601","usgsCitation":"Wheeler, R.L., Trevor, N., Tarr, A., and Crone, A.J., 2001, Earthquakes in and near the Northeastern United States, 1638-1998: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 006-01, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs00601.","productDescription":"4 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":121417,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_006_01.bmp"},{"id":3083,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/fs-0006-01/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a50e4b07f02db6296ca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wheeler, R. L.","contributorId":34916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wheeler","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Trevor, N.K.","contributorId":68792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trevor","given":"N.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tarr, Arthur C.","contributorId":75903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tarr","given":"Arthur C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Crone, A. J.","contributorId":84363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crone","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":30671,"text":"ds63 - 2001 - The Putumayo-Oriente-Maranon Province of Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru; Mesozoic-Cenozoic and Paleozoic petroleum systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:18","indexId":"ds63","displayToPublicDate":"2001-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"63","title":"The Putumayo-Oriente-Maranon Province of Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru; Mesozoic-Cenozoic and Paleozoic petroleum systems","docAbstract":"This report is an evaluation of oil and gas resources for petroleum systems of the Putumayo-Oriente-Maranon province of Columbia, Ecuador, and Peru. This assessment is a product of the World Energy Project of the U.S. Geological Survey, under the direction of Thomas Ahlbrandt. Described in this explanation of the petroleum geology of the Putumayo-Oriente-Maranon province are thermal maturation of hydrocarbon source rocks, primary reservoir formations, areas and volumes of oil and (or) gas production, and the history of exploration. Complete oil and gas resource assessment results are planned for a later publication, although some data and results are contained in this report.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ds63","usgsCitation":"Higley, D., 2001, The Putumayo-Oriente-Maranon Province of Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru; Mesozoic-Cenozoic and Paleozoic petroleum systems: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 63, One CD-ROM, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds63.","productDescription":"One CD-ROM","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":163174,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3034,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/dds/DDS-63/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fbe4b07f02db5f4935","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Higley, D.K. 0000-0001-8024-9954","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8024-9954","contributorId":90261,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Higley","given":"D.K.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":203682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":30672,"text":"ds67 - 2001 - Geologic studies of deep natural gas resources","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-18T18:12:31","indexId":"ds67","displayToPublicDate":"2001-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"67","title":"Geologic studies of deep natural gas resources","docAbstract":"In 1995, the USGS estimated a mean resource of 114 trillion cubic feet of undiscovered technically recoverable natural gas in plays deeper than 15,000 feet/4,572 meters in onshore regions of the United States. This volume summarizes major conclusions of ongoing work. Chapters A and B address the areal extent of drilling and distribution of deep basins in the U.S. Chapter C summarizes distribution of deep sedimentary basins and potential for deep gas in the former Soviet Union. Chapters D and E are geochemical papers addressing source-rock issues and deep gas generation. Chapter F develops a probabilistic method for subdividing gas resources into depth slices, and chapter G analyzes the relative uncertainty of estimates of deep gas in plays in the Gulf Coast Region. Chapter H evaluates the mechanism of hydrogenation of deep, high-rank spent kerogen by water, with subsequent generation of methane-rich HC gas.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ds67","usgsCitation":"Kuuskraa, V.A., 2001, Geologic studies of deep natural gas resources: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 67, One CD-ROM, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds67.","productDescription":"One CD-ROM","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":3035,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/dds/dds-067/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":163175,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db688092","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Dyman, T. S.","contributorId":21161,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dyman","given":"T.","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745423,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Kuuskraa, Vello A.","contributorId":15674,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kuuskraa","given":"Vello","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":6881,"text":"fs00901 - 2001 - Evaluation of missing gage-height record for streams and lakes in Kansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:50","indexId":"fs00901","displayToPublicDate":"2001-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"009-01","title":"Evaluation of missing gage-height record for streams and lakes in Kansas","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/fs00901","usgsCitation":"Studley, S.E., 2001, Evaluation of missing gage-height record for streams and lakes in Kansas: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 009-01, 1 folded sheet ([4] p.) : col. ill. ; 28 cm. col. ill. ;, https://doi.org/10.3133/fs00901.","productDescription":"1 folded sheet ([4] p.) : col. ill. ; 28 cm. col. ill. ;","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":7653,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://ks.water.usgs.gov/pubs/fact-sheets/fs.009-01.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":906,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ks.water.usgs.gov/Kansas/pubs/fact-sheets/fs.009-01.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":117712,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2001/0009/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":34188,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2001/0009/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5fad3c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Studley, Seth E. sstudley@usgs.gov","contributorId":5916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Studley","given":"Seth","email":"sstudley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":153508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70023314,"text":"70023314 - 2001 - Effects of stream acidification and habitat on fish populations of a North American river","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-03T18:00:56.680776","indexId":"70023314","displayToPublicDate":"2001-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":873,"text":"Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of stream acidification and habitat on fish populations of a North American river","docAbstract":"<p><span>Water quality, physical habitat, and fisheries at sixteen reaches in the Neversink River Basin were studied during 1991-95 to identify the effects of acidic precipitation on stream-water chemistry and on selected fish-species populations, and to test the hypothesis that the degree of stream acidification affected the spatial distribution of each fish-species population. Most sites on the East Branch Neversink were strongly to severely acidified, whereas most sites on the West Branch were minimally to moderately acidified. Mean density of fish populations ranged from 0 to 2.15 fish/m</span><sup>2</sup><span>; biomass ranged from 0 to 17.5 g/m</span><sup>2</sup><span>. Where brook trout were present, their population density ranged from 0.04 to 1.09 fish/m</span><sup>2</sup><span>, biomass ranged from 0.76 to 12.2 g/m</span><sup>2</sup><span>, and condition (K) ranged from 0.94 to 1.07. Regression analyses revealed strong relations (</span><i>r</i><span>&nbsp;</span><sup><i>2</i></sup><span>± 0.41 to 0.99;&nbsp;</span><i>p</i><span>≤ 0.05) between characteristics of the two most common species (brook trout and slimy sculpin) populations and mean concentrations of inorganic monomeric aluminum (Al</span><sub>im</sub><span>), pH, Si, K</span><sup>+</sup><span>, NO</span><sub>3</sub><span>&nbsp;</span><sup>-</sup><span>, NH</span><sub>4</sub><span>&nbsp;</span><sup>+</sup><span>, DOC, Ca</span><sup>2+</sup><span>, and Na</span><sup>+</sup><span>; acid neutralizing capacity (ANC); and water temperature. Stream acidification may have adversely affected fish populations at most East Branch sites, but in other parts of the Neversink River Basin these effects were masked or mitigated by other physical habitat, geochemical, and biological factors.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/PL00001352","usgsCitation":"Baldigo, B., and Lawrence, G.B., 2001, Effects of stream acidification and habitat on fish populations of a North American river: Aquatic Sciences, v. 63, no. 2, p. 196-222, https://doi.org/10.1007/PL00001352.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"196","endPage":"222","numberOfPages":"27","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":232682,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Neversink River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -74.75,\n              42.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.75,\n              41.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.3,\n              41.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.3,\n              42.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.75,\n              42.25\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"63","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a07e0e4b0c8380cd51897","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baldigo, Barry P. 0000-0002-9862-9119","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9862-9119","contributorId":25174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baldigo","given":"Barry P.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":397232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lawrence, Gregory B. 0000-0002-8035-2350 glawrenc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8035-2350","contributorId":867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lawrence","given":"Gregory","email":"glawrenc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":397233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":24654,"text":"ofr00384 - 2001 - Study design and analytical results used to evaluate carry-over contamination by volatile organic compounds in surface- and ground-water sampling procedures","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:23","indexId":"ofr00384","displayToPublicDate":"2001-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-384","title":"Study design and analytical results used to evaluate carry-over contamination by volatile organic compounds in surface- and ground-water sampling procedures","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nInformation Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr00384","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Taglioli, B.L., Delzer, G.C., and Zogorski, J.S., 2001, Study design and analytical results used to evaluate carry-over contamination by volatile organic compounds in surface- and ground-water sampling procedures: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-384, vi, 36 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr00384.","productDescription":"vi, 36 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":157752,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0384/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53687,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0384/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699cf5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Taglioli, Brandon L.","contributorId":55043,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taglioli","given":"Brandon","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Delzer, Gregory C. 0000-0002-7077-4963 gcdelzer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7077-4963","contributorId":986,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Delzer","given":"Gregory","email":"gcdelzer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":192328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zogorski, John S. jszogors@usgs.gov","contributorId":189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zogorski","given":"John","email":"jszogors@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":192327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
]}