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No abstract available.

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No abstract available.

","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geology and paleontology of five cores from Screven and Burke counties, eastern Georgia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp1603E","usgsCitation":"Gohn, G., 2001, Ostracode biostratigraphy of Upper Campanian (Cretaceous) marine sediments from the Millhaven core, Screven County, Georgia: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1603, Report: iii, 11 p.; 1 Plate: 8.50 × 11.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1603E.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 11 p.; 1 Plate: 8.50 × 11.00 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":392325,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":392324,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/p1603/p1603e/plate1.pdf"},{"id":392323,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/p1603/p1603e/p1603e.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia","county":"Screven County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.76986694335938,\n 32.84036602561056\n ],\n [\n -81.474609375,\n 32.84036602561056\n ],\n [\n -81.474609375,\n 33.03975190521167\n ],\n [\n -81.76986694335938,\n 33.03975190521167\n ],\n [\n -81.76986694335938,\n 32.84036602561056\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gohn, Gregory 0000-0003-2000-479X ggohn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2000-479X","contributorId":219822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gohn","given":"Gregory","email":"ggohn@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":827594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70260452,"text":"70260452 - 2001 - Updip limit of the seismogenic zone beneath the accretionary prism of southwest Japan: An effect of diagenetic to low-grade metamorphic processes and increasing effective stress","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-11-01T16:30:21.201355","indexId":"70260452","displayToPublicDate":"2001-02-01T11:25:24","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Updip limit of the seismogenic zone beneath the accretionary prism of southwest Japan: An effect of diagenetic to low-grade metamorphic processes and increasing effective stress","docAbstract":"

Off southwest Japan the seaward limit of coseismic displacement (or updip limit of the seismogenic zone) of the 1946 Mw 8.3 thrust earthquake reaches to 4 km depth and ∼40 km landward of the trench. This limit coincides with the estimated location of the 150 °C isotherm, and has been linked to changes in physical properties associated with the smectite to illite clay-mineral transition. Here we show that this limit correlates with a suite of diagenetic to low-grade metamorphic processes characterized by (1) declining fluid production and decreasing fluid pressure ratio (λ*) and (2) active clay, carbonate, and zeolite cementation and the transition to pressure solution and quartz cementation. These diagenetic to low-grade metamorphic changes cause the onset of velocity weakening during thrust faulting, an increase in effective stress, and strengthening of the hanging wall, which together combine to produce recordable earthquakes.

","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0091-7613(2001)029%3C0183:ULOTSZ%3E2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Moore, J.C., and Saffer, D.M., 2001, Updip limit of the seismogenic zone beneath the accretionary prism of southwest Japan: An effect of diagenetic to low-grade metamorphic processes and increasing effective stress: Geology, v. 29, no. 2, p. 183-186, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(2001)029%3C0183:ULOTSZ%3E2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"183","endPage":"186","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":463550,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Japan","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 137,\n 34.5\n ],\n [\n 132,\n 34.5\n ],\n [\n 132,\n 31.5\n ],\n [\n 137,\n 31.5\n ],\n [\n 137,\n 34.5\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"29","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, J. Casey","contributorId":28950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Casey","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":917723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Saffer, Demian M.","contributorId":75051,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saffer","given":"Demian","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":917724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70226646,"text":"pp1603D - 2001 - Late Campanian (Zone CC22) coccoliths from the Millhaven Core, Screven County, Georgia","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70226646,"text":"pp1603D - 2001 - Late Campanian (Zone CC22) coccoliths from the Millhaven Core, Screven County, Georgia","indexId":"pp1603D","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"chapter":"D","title":"Late Campanian (Zone CC22) coccoliths from the Millhaven Core, Screven County, Georgia"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":24990,"text":"pp1603 - 2001 - Geology and paleontology of five cores from Screven and Burke counties, eastern Georgia","indexId":"pp1603","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"title":"Geology and paleontology of five cores from Screven and Burke counties, eastern Georgia"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":24990,"text":"pp1603 - 2001 - Geology and paleontology of five cores from Screven and Burke counties, eastern Georgia","indexId":"pp1603","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"title":"Geology and paleontology of five cores from Screven and Burke counties, eastern Georgia"},"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-01T17:28:24.342471","indexId":"pp1603D","displayToPublicDate":"2001-02-01T11:21:32","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1603","chapter":"D","title":"Late Campanian (Zone CC22) coccoliths from the Millhaven Core, Screven County, Georgia","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geology and paleontology of five cores from Screven and Burke counties, eastern Georgia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp1603D","usgsCitation":"Bukry, D., 2001, Late Campanian (Zone CC22) coccoliths from the Millhaven Core, Screven County, Georgia: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1603, iii, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1603D.","productDescription":"iii, 4 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":392322,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":392321,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/p1603/p1603d.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia","county":"Screven County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.76986694335938,\n 32.84036602561056\n ],\n [\n -81.474609375,\n 32.84036602561056\n ],\n [\n -81.474609375,\n 33.03975190521167\n ],\n [\n -81.76986694335938,\n 33.03975190521167\n ],\n [\n -81.76986694335938,\n 32.84036602561056\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bukry, David 0000-0003-4540-890X dbukry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4540-890X","contributorId":3550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bukry","given":"David","email":"dbukry@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":827593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70260451,"text":"70260451 - 2001 - Upper Cretaceous Ferron Sandstone: Major coalbed methane play in central Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-11-01T16:21:33.74404","indexId":"70260451","displayToPublicDate":"2001-02-01T11:15:05","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":605,"text":"AAPG Bulletin","printIssn":"0149-1423","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Upper Cretaceous Ferron Sandstone: Major coalbed methane play in central Utah","docAbstract":"

Recent drilling for coalbed gas in the Upper Cretaceous Ferron Sandstone Member of central Utah has resulted in one of the most successful plays of this kind. Exploration to date has resulted in three fields and a potential fairway 6-10 mi (10-16 km) wide and 20-60 mi (32-96 km) long, corresponding to shallow coal occurrence at depths of about 1800-3500 ft (545-1060 m) in the Ferron, a sequence of interbedded fluvial-deltaic sandstone, shale, and coal in the lower part of the Cretaceous Mancos Shale. Coalbed methane (CBM) reservoirs in this interval consist of thin to moderately thick (3-10 ft [1-3 m]) coal beds of relatively low rank (high-volatile B bituminous) and variable gas content, ranging from 100 scf/ton or less in the south to as high as 500-600 scf/ton in the north. Productive wells have averaged more than 500 mcf/day and, after several years, continue to typically show negative production declines. In the major productive area, Drunkards Wash unit, the first 33 producers averaged 974 mcf and 85 bbl of water per day after five years of continuous production. Estimated ultimate recoverable reserves for individual wells in this unit range from 1.5 to 4 bcf.

Based on several criteria, including gas content, thermal maturity, and chronostratigraphy, the play is divided into northern and southern parts. The northern part is characterized by coals that have the following characteristics: (1) high gas contents; (2) moderate thermal maturity (e.g., vitrinite reflectance [Ro] values of 0.6-0.8%); (3) good permeabilities (5-20 md); (4) lack of exposure; and (5) overpressuring, due to artesian conditions. Southern coals have much lower average gas contents (<100 scf/ton) and lower thermal maturity (Ro = 0.4-0.6%), and they are exposed along an extensive, 35 mi (56 km) outcrop belt that may have allowed a degree of flushing. These coals, however, are also thicker and more extensive than those to the north and thus may retain significant potential. Northern coals appear to contain a mixture of gas from three sources: in-situ thermogenic methane, migrated thermogenic methane from more mature sources, and late-stage biogenic gas. Current development is focused on the northern part of the stated fairway, where well control and an existing infrastructure are present. Indications are that CBM exploration in the Ferron will expand considerably in the near future.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists","doi":"10.1306/8626C799-173B-11D7-8645000102C1865D","usgsCitation":"Montgomery, S.L., Tabet, D.E., and Barker, C., 2001, Upper Cretaceous Ferron Sandstone: Major coalbed methane play in central Utah: AAPG Bulletin, v. 85, no. 2, p. 199-219, https://doi.org/10.1306/8626C799-173B-11D7-8645000102C1865D.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"199","endPage":"219","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":463549,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.59791805525472,\n 39.76266058920638\n ],\n [\n -111.59791805525472,\n 38.91937134096685\n ],\n [\n -110.84447627692384,\n 38.91937134096685\n ],\n [\n -110.84447627692384,\n 39.76266058920638\n ],\n [\n -111.59791805525472,\n 39.76266058920638\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"85","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Montgomery, Scott L.","contributorId":43513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Montgomery","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":917720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tabet, David E.","contributorId":114104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tabet","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":917721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barker, Charles E.","contributorId":93070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barker","given":"Charles E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":917722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70226645,"text":"pp1603B - 2001 - Overview of the biostratigraphy and paleoecology of sediments from five cores from Screven and Burke Counties, Georgia","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70226645,"text":"pp1603B - 2001 - Overview of the biostratigraphy and paleoecology of sediments from five cores from Screven and Burke Counties, Georgia","indexId":"pp1603B","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"chapter":"B","title":"Overview of the biostratigraphy and paleoecology of sediments from five cores from Screven and Burke Counties, Georgia"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":24990,"text":"pp1603 - 2001 - Geology and paleontology of five cores from Screven and Burke counties, eastern Georgia","indexId":"pp1603","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"title":"Geology and paleontology of five cores from Screven and Burke counties, eastern Georgia"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":24990,"text":"pp1603 - 2001 - Geology and paleontology of five cores from Screven and Burke counties, eastern Georgia","indexId":"pp1603","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"title":"Geology and paleontology of five cores from Screven and Burke counties, eastern Georgia"},"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-01T17:04:21.623551","indexId":"pp1603B","displayToPublicDate":"2001-02-01T10:58:44","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1603","chapter":"B","title":"Overview of the biostratigraphy and paleoecology of sediments from five cores from Screven and Burke Counties, Georgia","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geology and paleontology of five cores from Screven and Burke counties, eastern Georgia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp1603B","usgsCitation":"Edwards, L.E., Frederiksen, N.O., Bybell, L.M., Gibson, T.G., Gohn, G., Bukry, D., Self-Trail, J., and Litwin, R.J., 2001, Overview of the biostratigraphy and paleoecology of sediments from five cores from Screven and Burke Counties, Georgia: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1603, iii, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1603B.","productDescription":"iii, 19 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":392320,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":392319,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/p1603/p1603b.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia","county":"Burke County, Screven 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Review info: Nonindigenous freshwater organisms: Vectors, biology, and impacts. Edited by Renata Claudi and Joseph H. Leach, 2000. ISBN: 978-1566704496, 464 pp.

","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1577/1548-8659(2001)130<0347:BR>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Nico, L.G., and Herod, J.J., 2001, Book review: Nonindigenous freshwater organisms: Vectors, biology, and impacts: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 130, no. 2, p. 347-348, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(2001)130<0347:BR>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"347","endPage":"348","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314563,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"130","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56a20f42e4b0961cf2811bca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nico, Leo G. 0000-0002-4488-7737 lnico@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4488-7737","contributorId":2913,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nico","given":"Leo","email":"lnico@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":589157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Herod, Jeffrey J.","contributorId":6966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herod","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70162159,"text":"70162159 - 2001 - The U.S. National Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative and the role of protected areas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-14T11:20:26","indexId":"70162159","displayToPublicDate":"2001-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1809,"text":"George Wright Society Forum","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The U.S. National Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative and the role of protected areas","docAbstract":"

In response to concerns about the worldwide status of amphibians (Alford and Richards 1999; Bury 1999; Daszak et al. 1999; Houlahan et al. 2000), Congress in Fiscal Year 2000 provided initial support to agencies of the U.S. Department of the Interior for research and monitoring of amphibians. Most funds came to the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), but additional funds for the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the National Park Service (NPS) were provided for activities that directly or indirectly support the amphibian research and monitoring effort. The goal of the program is to provide timely and reliable information on the status of U.S. amphibians so that causes of declines can be understood and appropriate management responses initiated.

","language":"English","publisher":"George Wright Society","usgsCitation":"Hall, R.J., and Langtimm, C.A., 2001, The U.S. National Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative and the role of protected areas: George Wright Society Forum, v. 18, no. 2, p. 14-25.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"14","endPage":"25","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314338,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":314337,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.georgewright.org/backissues?page=4"}],"volume":"18","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5698d4d2e4b0fbd3f7fa4c67","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hall, Russell James","contributorId":44602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hall","given":"Russell","email":"","middleInitial":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Langtimm, Catherine A. 0000-0001-8499-5743 clangtimm@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8499-5743","contributorId":3045,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langtimm","given":"Catherine","email":"clangtimm@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":588714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":24990,"text":"pp1603 - 2001 - Geology and paleontology of five cores from Screven and Burke counties, eastern Georgia","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70226620,"text":"pp1603A - 2001 - Stratigraphy and depositional environments of sediments from five cores from Screven and Burke Counties, Georgia","indexId":"pp1603A","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"chapter":"A","title":"Stratigraphy and depositional environments of sediments from five cores from Screven and Burke Counties, Georgia"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":24990,"text":"pp1603 - 2001 - Geology and paleontology of five cores from Screven and Burke counties, eastern Georgia","indexId":"pp1603","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"title":"Geology and paleontology of five cores from Screven and Burke counties, eastern Georgia"},"id":1},{"subject":{"id":70226644,"text":"pp1603C - 2001 - Palynomorph biostratigraphy and paleoecology of Upper Cretaceous sediments from four cores from Screven and Burke Counties, Georgia","indexId":"pp1603C","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"chapter":"C","title":"Palynomorph biostratigraphy and paleoecology of Upper Cretaceous sediments from four cores from Screven and Burke Counties, Georgia"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":24990,"text":"pp1603 - 2001 - Geology and paleontology of five cores from Screven and Burke counties, eastern Georgia","indexId":"pp1603","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"title":"Geology and paleontology of five cores from Screven and Burke counties, eastern Georgia"},"id":2},{"subject":{"id":70226645,"text":"pp1603B - 2001 - Overview of the biostratigraphy and paleoecology of sediments from five cores from Screven and Burke Counties, Georgia","indexId":"pp1603B","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"chapter":"B","title":"Overview of the biostratigraphy and paleoecology of sediments from five cores from Screven and Burke Counties, Georgia"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":24990,"text":"pp1603 - 2001 - Geology and paleontology of five cores from Screven and Burke counties, eastern Georgia","indexId":"pp1603","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"title":"Geology and paleontology of five cores from Screven and Burke counties, eastern Georgia"},"id":3},{"subject":{"id":70226646,"text":"pp1603D - 2001 - Late Campanian (Zone CC22) coccoliths from the Millhaven Core, Screven County, Georgia","indexId":"pp1603D","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"chapter":"D","title":"Late Campanian (Zone CC22) coccoliths from the Millhaven Core, Screven County, Georgia"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":24990,"text":"pp1603 - 2001 - Geology and paleontology of five cores from Screven and Burke counties, eastern Georgia","indexId":"pp1603","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"title":"Geology and paleontology of five cores from Screven and Burke counties, eastern Georgia"},"id":4},{"subject":{"id":70226647,"text":"pp1603E - 2001 - Ostracode biostratigraphy of Upper Campanian (Cretaceous) marine sediments from the Millhaven core, Screven County, Georgia","indexId":"pp1603E","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"chapter":"E","title":"Ostracode biostratigraphy of Upper Campanian (Cretaceous) marine sediments from the Millhaven core, Screven County, Georgia"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":24990,"text":"pp1603 - 2001 - Geology and paleontology of five cores from Screven and Burke counties, eastern Georgia","indexId":"pp1603","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"title":"Geology and paleontology of five cores from Screven and Burke counties, eastern Georgia"},"id":5},{"subject":{"id":70226648,"text":"pp1603F - 2001 - Calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy of Cenozoic sediments from the Millhaven core, Screven County, Georgia","indexId":"pp1603F","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"chapter":"F","title":"Calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy of Cenozoic sediments from the Millhaven core, Screven County, Georgia"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":24990,"text":"pp1603 - 2001 - Geology and paleontology of five cores from Screven and Burke counties, eastern Georgia","indexId":"pp1603","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"title":"Geology and paleontology of five cores from Screven and Burke counties, eastern Georgia"},"id":6},{"subject":{"id":70226651,"text":"pp1603G - 2001 - Dinocyst biostratigraphy of Tertiary sediments from five cores from Screven and Burke Counties, Georgia","indexId":"pp1603G","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"chapter":"G","title":"Dinocyst biostratigraphy of Tertiary sediments from five cores from Screven and Burke Counties, Georgia"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":24990,"text":"pp1603 - 2001 - Geology and paleontology of five cores from Screven and Burke counties, eastern Georgia","indexId":"pp1603","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"title":"Geology and paleontology of five cores from Screven and Burke counties, eastern Georgia"},"id":7},{"subject":{"id":70226687,"text":"pp1603H - 2001 - Pollen biostratigraphy of Lower Tertiary sediments from five cores from Screven and Burke Counties, Georgia","indexId":"pp1603H","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"chapter":"H","title":"Pollen biostratigraphy of Lower Tertiary sediments from five cores from Screven and Burke Counties, Georgia"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":24990,"text":"pp1603 - 2001 - Geology and paleontology of five cores from Screven and Burke counties, eastern Georgia","indexId":"pp1603","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"title":"Geology and paleontology of five cores from Screven and Burke counties, eastern Georgia"},"id":8},{"subject":{"id":70226689,"text":"pp1603I - 2001 - Foraminifera from Paleogene sediments from the Millhaven and Millers Pond Cores, Screven and Burke Counties, Georgia","indexId":"pp1603I","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"chapter":"I","title":"Foraminifera from Paleogene sediments from the Millhaven and Millers Pond Cores, Screven and Burke Counties, Georgia"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":24990,"text":"pp1603 - 2001 - Geology and paleontology of five cores from Screven and Burke counties, eastern Georgia","indexId":"pp1603","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"title":"Geology and paleontology of five cores from Screven and Burke counties, eastern Georgia"},"id":9}],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-01T16:34:54.134521","indexId":"pp1603","displayToPublicDate":"2001-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1603","title":"Geology and paleontology of five cores from Screven and Burke counties, eastern Georgia","docAbstract":"Five deep stratigraphic test holes were drilled from 1991 to 1993 in support of multidisciplinary investigations to determine the stratigraphy of Upper Cretaceous and Tertiary sediments of the coastal plain in east-central Georgia. Cored sediment and geological logs from the Millhaven test hole in Screven County and the Girard and Millers Pond test holes in Burke County are the primary sources of lithologic and paleontologic information from this report. 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We determined the best plumage and morphometric variables for ageing and sexing the Maui Parrotbill (Pseudonestor xanthophrys), an endangered Hawaiian honeycreeper found only on east Maui, Hawaii, by examining and measuring 30 museum specimens and 71 live birds captured in mist nets. Juvenal plumage was identified by the presence of pale-tipped wing bars on the middle and greater coverts, grayish olive dorsal plumage, and dingy white underparts and superciliaries. Birds undergoing first prebasic molt retained the juvenal remiges, rectrices, and wing coverts. Birds in first basic plumage possessed juvenal wing bars and a dull juvenal-like plumage. Subsequent molts were complete, and adults lacked wing bars. Adult males had bright yellow plumage on the cheeks, throat, and superciliaries, as did 27% of adult females. All other adult females had less yellow in the underparts. The dorsal plumage of adult females was more variable than adult males and was either yellow-olive like the males or grayish olive. Adult males had longer wing, bill, tail, and tarsometatarsus and greater mass than adult females. Virtually all males and females could be distinguished by wing length. Morphometrics of immature birds were significantly smaller than for adult males. Only immature male wing chord was significantly larger than that of adult females. Although it was difficult to distinguish between immatures and some adult females based on plumage coloration or measurements, a cut-off point of 70.4 mm for wing chord separated 91% of females from 93% of males, regardless of age.

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2001 - Salvinia molesta: Around the World in 70 Years","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-14T11:31:24","indexId":"70162162","displayToPublicDate":"2001-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":871,"text":"Aquatic Nuisance Species Digest","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Salvinia molesta: Around the World in 70 Years","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"Freshwater Foundation","usgsCitation":"Jacono, C.C., and Pitman, B., 2001, Salvinia molesta: Around the World in 70 Years: Aquatic Nuisance Species Digest, v. 4, no. 2, p. 14-16.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"14","endPage":"16","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314341,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5698d4bae4b0fbd3f7fa4c00","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jacono, Colette C.","contributorId":99092,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacono","given":"Colette","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pitman, B.","contributorId":152263,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pitman","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70162160,"text":"70162160 - 2001 - Population dynamics and the ecological stability of obligate pollination mutualisms","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-14T11:23:46","indexId":"70162160","displayToPublicDate":"2001-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2932,"text":"Oecologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Population dynamics and the ecological stability of obligate pollination mutualisms","docAbstract":"

Mutualistic interactions almost always produce both costs and benefits for each of the interacting species. It is the difference between gross benefits and costs that determines the net benefit and the per-capita effect on each of the interacting populations. For example, the net benefit of obligate pollinators, such as yucca and senita moths, to plants is determined by the difference between the number of ovules fertilized from moth pollination and the number of ovules eaten by the pollinator's larvae. It is clear that if pollinator populations are large, then, because many eggs are laid, costs to plants are large, whereas, if pollinator populations are small, gross benefits are low due to lack of pollination. Even though the size and dynamics of the pollinator population are likely to be crucial, their importance has been neglected in the investigation of mechanisms, such as selective fruit abortion, that can limit costs and increase net benefits. Here, we suggest that both the population size and dynamics of pollinators are important in determining the net benefits to plants, and that fruit abortion can significantly affect these. We develop a model of mutualism between populations of plants and their pollinating seed-predators to explore the ecological consequences of fruit abortion on pollinator population dynamics and the net effect on plants. We demonstrate that the benefit to a plant population is unimodal as a function of pollinator abundance, relative to the abundance of flowers. Both selective abortion of fruit with eggs and random abortion of fruit, without reference to whether they have eggs or not, can limit pollinator population size. This can increase the net benefits to the plant population by limiting the number of eggs laid, if the pollination rate remains high. However, fruit abortion can possibly destabilize the pollinator population, with negative consequences for the plant population.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s004420000542","usgsCitation":"Holland, J.N., and DeAngelis, D., 2001, Population dynamics and the ecological stability of obligate pollination mutualisms: Oecologia, v. 126, p. 575-586, https://doi.org/10.1007/s004420000542.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"575","endPage":"586","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314340,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"126","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2001-02-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5698d4d0e4b0fbd3f7fa4c58","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Holland, J. Nathaniel","contributorId":49912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holland","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Nathaniel","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeAngelis, Donald L. 0000-0002-1570-4057 don_deangelis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1570-4057","contributorId":147289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeAngelis","given":"Donald L.","email":"don_deangelis@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":588719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70155972,"text":"70155972 - 2001 - Comments on \"Landsat-7 reveals more than just surface features in remote areas of the globe\"- Reply","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-14T13:53:28","indexId":"70155972","displayToPublicDate":"2001-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1112,"text":"Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society","onlineIssn":"1520-0477","printIssn":"0003-0007","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comments on \"Landsat-7 reveals more than just surface features in remote areas of the globe\"- Reply","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorological Society","doi":"10.1175/1520-0477(2001)082<0314:REPLY>2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"DeFelice, T., and Cahalan, R.F., 2001, Comments on \"Landsat-7 reveals more than just surface features in remote areas of the globe\"- Reply: Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, v. 82, no. 2, p. 314-314, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0477(2001)082<0314:REPLY>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"314","endPage":"314","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306467,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"82","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57fe9d9ae4b0824b2d14f287","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DeFelice, Tom","contributorId":9829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeFelice","given":"Tom","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":567480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cahalan, Robert F.","contributorId":139616,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cahalan","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":7049,"text":"NASA Goddard Space Flight Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":567481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70208245,"text":"70208245 - 2001 - Attention turns to naturally occurring methane seepage","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-31T12:53:12","indexId":"70208245","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-31T12:46:32","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3879,"text":"Eos, Earth and Space Science News","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Attention turns to naturally occurring methane seepage","docAbstract":"

Methane is the most abundant organic compound in the Earth's atmosphere. As a powerful greenhouse gas, it has implications for global climate change. Sources of methane to the atmosphere are varied. Depending on the source, methane can contain either modern or ancient carbon. Methane exiting from swamps and wetlands contains modern carbon, whereas methane leaking from petroleum reservoirs contains ancient carbon. The total annual source of methane to the atmosphere has been constrained to about 540 teragrams (Tg) per year “Cicerone and Oremland, 1988”. Notably absent from any identified sources is the contribution of geologically sourced methane from naturally occurring seepage.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/01EO00275","usgsCitation":"Kvenvolden, K.A., Lorenson, T., and Reeburgh, W., 2001, Attention turns to naturally occurring methane seepage: Eos, Earth and Space Science News, v. 82, no. 40, p. 457-458, https://doi.org/10.1029/01EO00275.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"457","endPage":"458","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478827,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8394v5t5","text":"External Repository"},{"id":371819,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"82","issue":"40","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-10-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kvenvolden, Keith A. kkvenvolden@usgs.gov","contributorId":3384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kvenvolden","given":"Keith","email":"kkvenvolden@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":781143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lorenson, Thomas 0000-0001-7669-2873 tlorenson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7669-2873","contributorId":174599,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lorenson","given":"Thomas","email":"tlorenson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":781144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reeburgh, W.S.","contributorId":90046,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reeburgh","given":"W.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":781145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70208234,"text":"70208234 - 2001 - Quaternary glacial, lacustrine, and fluvial interactions in the western Noatak basin, Northwest Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-31T11:45:07","indexId":"70208234","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-31T11:33:15","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3219,"text":"Quaternary Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quaternary glacial, lacustrine, and fluvial interactions in the western Noatak basin, Northwest Alaska","docAbstract":"

The 130 km long Noatak basin is surrounded by mountains of the western Brooks Range. Middle and late Pleistocene glaciers flowing southeast into the basin dammed a succession of proglacial lakes defined by shorelines, outlet channels, and upper limits of wave erosion. More than 60 bluffs along the Noatak River and its principal tributaries expose glacial and glaciolacustrine sediments that exhibit cut-and-fill relationships with interglacial and interstadial river-channel and floodplain deposits. This report focuses on the western Noatak basin, where high bluffs created by deep postglacial erosion record four major glacial advances. During the Cutler advance, a floating ice tongue terminated in a large proglacial lake that filled the Noatak basin. The retreating glacier abandoned a trough along the valley center that subsequently filled with about 40 m of sediment during several younger glaciations and probably two major interglacial episodes. Alluvium that formed near the beginning of the younger interglaciation contains the 140,000 yr old Old Crow tephra. The subsequent closely spaced Okak and Makpik advances are clearly younger than the maximum of the last interglaciation, but they preceded a middle Wisconsin (36-30 ka) nonglacial interval in the Noatak basin. The Okak advance terminated in an extensive lake, whereas glaciers of the Makpik and the subsequent Anisak advances flowed into much narrower lakes that filled only the basin center. The Anisak advance, bracketed by radiocarbon ages of about 35 and 13.6 ka, represents the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) in the western Noatak basin. Correlations with the oldest and youngest glacial deposits of the central Brooks Range are clear, but relationships to events of intermediate age are more tenuous. Early Pleistocene and older glacial advances from the central Brooks Range must have filled the Noatak basin and overflowed northward through Howard Pass. A younger glacial advance, of inferred middle Pleistocene (Sagavanirktok River) age, extended down the Noatak valley into the basin center, but its deposits are deeply buried beneath the basin floor and must be older than the Cutler moraine. The Cutler advance may have been synchronous with the older of two advances of Itkillik I age in the Atongarak Creek area, but other evidence indicates that the Okak-Makpik moraine succession more likely was synchronous with the two Atongarak Creek moraines. Radiocarbon ages, surface morphology, soil and weathering profiles, and lake-level history all support correlation of the last (Anisak) major glacial advance in the western basin with the Douglas Creek moraine farther east and with Itkillik II (late Wisconsin) glaciation of the central Brooks Range.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0277-3791(00)00110-4","usgsCitation":"Hamilton, T.D., 2001, Quaternary glacial, lacustrine, and fluvial interactions in the western Noatak basin, Northwest Alaska: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 20, no. 1-3, p. 371-391, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0277-3791(00)00110-4.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"371","endPage":"391","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":371810,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Noatak River region","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -163.8720703125,\n 65.91062334197893\n ],\n [\n -153.929443359375,\n 65.91062334197893\n ],\n [\n -153.929443359375,\n 69.00961097622238\n ],\n [\n -163.8720703125,\n 69.00961097622238\n ],\n [\n -163.8720703125,\n 65.91062334197893\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"20","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hamilton, T. D.","contributorId":36921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamilton","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":781112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70207864,"text":"70207864 - 2001 - Field trip day four: Road log for the Sterling Hill and Franklin Zinc Mines, New Jersey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-15T20:08:06","indexId":"70207864","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-15T19:54:16","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Field trip day four: Road log for the Sterling Hill and Franklin Zinc Mines, New Jersey","docAbstract":"

This portion of the field trip features visits to the world famous Sterling Hill and Franklin mines, in northwestern New Jersey, and their respective mining museums. Although both mines are no longer in operation, important geologic features can still be observed. At the Sterling Hill mine, we will have the opportunity to see zinc ore in place, both in an underground drift and in the Passaic open pit; at Franklin the pit is filled with water and only disseminated mineralization is still visible. The Furnace magnetite bed will also be seen adjacent to the Franklin open pit, as well as a large postore minette dike. If time permits we will visit a surface exposure of the Zero Fault in Franklin, which is an important regional structure that cuts the Sterling Hill orebody.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Part I. Proterozoic Iron and Zinc Deposits of the Adirondack Mountains of New York and the New Jersey Highlands Part II. Environmental Geochemistry and Mining History of Massive Sulfide Deposits in the Vermont Copper Belt","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","usgsCitation":"Metsger, R.W., Volkert, R.A., and Johnson, C.A., 2001, Field trip day four: Road log for the Sterling Hill and Franklin Zinc Mines, New Jersey, chap. of Part I. Proterozoic Iron and Zinc Deposits of the Adirondack Mountains of New York and the New Jersey Highlands Part II. Environmental Geochemistry and Mining History of Massive Sulfide Deposits in the Vermont Copper Belt, v. 35, p. 55-57.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"55","endPage":"57","costCenters":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":371294,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":371295,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/books/book/1846/chapter/107708849/Geochemical-Constraints-on-the-Origin-of-the"}],"country":"United States","state":"New 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Jersey\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","volume":"35","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Metsger, Robert W.","contributorId":221664,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Metsger","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Volkert, Richard A.","contributorId":35727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Volkert","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, Craig A. 0000-0002-1334-2996 cjohnso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1334-2996","contributorId":909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Craig","email":"cjohnso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70207863,"text":"70207863 - 2001 - Geochemical constraints on the origin of the Sterling Hill and Franklin zinc deposits, and the furnace magnetite bed, northwestern New Jersey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-16T05:01:38","indexId":"70207863","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-15T19:44:16","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Geochemical constraints on the origin of the Sterling Hill and Franklin zinc deposits, and the furnace magnetite bed, northwestern New Jersey","docAbstract":"

The purpose of this chapter is to review two aspects of the geochemistry of the Sterling Hill and Franklin zinc-ironmanganese deposits and the Furnace magnetite bed that underlies the Franklin deposit. These are (1) oxidation and sulfidation states determined from heterogeneous phase equilibria, and (2) stable isotopic compositions determined from analyses of carbonate, silicate, oxide, and sulfide minerals. The data place constraints on the genesis of the ores, which is the topic of the final section of the chapter. This review draws heavily from the results of my own dissertation research on Sterling Hill (Johnson, 1990; Johnson et al., 1990a) and from recent and continuing projects (Johnson et al., 1990b, Johnson, 1994, 1996, 1997; Volkert et al., 2000); it also includes the sulfur isotope results obtained by Ault (1957). For a complete review of the geology of the deposits, the reader is referred to the chapter by Metsger (2001), and to Metsger et al. (1958) and Frondel and Baum (1974). A complete catalog of the extensive literature on the deposits is given by Dunn (1995).

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Part I. Proterozoic Iron and Zinc Deposits of the Adirondack Mountains of New York and the New Jersey Highlands Part II. Environmental Geochemistry and Mining History of Massive Sulfide Deposits in the Vermont Copper Belt","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","usgsCitation":"Johnson, C.A., 2001, Geochemical constraints on the origin of the Sterling Hill and Franklin zinc deposits, and the furnace magnetite bed, northwestern New Jersey, chap. of Part I. Proterozoic Iron and Zinc Deposits of the Adirondack Mountains of New York and the New Jersey Highlands Part II. Environmental Geochemistry and Mining History of Massive Sulfide Deposits in the Vermont Copper Belt, v. 35.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"97","costCenters":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":371293,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":371296,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/books/book/1846/chapter/107708849/Geochemical-Constraints-on-the-Origin-of-the"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.696044921875,\n 40.07807142745009\n ],\n [\n -73.927001953125,\n 40.07807142745009\n ],\n [\n -73.927001953125,\n 41.335575973123916\n ],\n [\n -74.696044921875,\n 41.335575973123916\n ],\n [\n -74.696044921875,\n 40.07807142745009\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"35","edition":"89","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Craig A. 0000-0002-1334-2996 cjohnso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1334-2996","contributorId":909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Craig","email":"cjohnso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70178284,"text":"70178284 - 2001 - What caused the population decline of the Bridled White-eye on Rota, Mariana Islands?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-04T13:10:24","indexId":"70178284","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3489,"text":"Studies in Avian Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"What caused the population decline of the Bridled White-eye on Rota, Mariana Islands?","docAbstract":"

The Bridled White-eye (Zosterops conspicillatus rotensis) was Once thought to be common and widespread on Rota, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, but is now restricted to several patches of native limestone forest in and adjacent to the Sabana region. Surveys conducted in 1990 indicated that the population had declined by 87% between 1982 and 1990 for unknown reasons. The low density and restricted habitat association of the Bridled White-eye on Rota contrasts with the situation on Saipan, Tinian, Agiguan, and formerly on Guam, where the Bridled White-eye is the most common forest bird and occurs at all elevations and in all habitat types. We surveyed the entire range of the Rota Bridled White-eye in 1996 to estimate its current numbers and distribution. We also reviewed existing information on the white-eye and evaluated potential causes of its decline, including predation by Black Drongos (Dicrurus macrocercus), rats (Rattus spp.), and the brown tree snake Boiga irregularis); pesticides; avian disease; and habitat loss and alteration. We found that 94% of the extant population of 1,165 white-eyes on Rota was restricted to four patches of old-growth, native limestone forest covering only 259 ha. We believe that the population decline and current localized distribution is primarily a result of habitat changes due to agricultural development and typhoons, but the absence of white-eyes from several stands of native forest above 200 m remains unexplained. The Rota white-eye may be a different species from white-eyes found on Saipan, Tinian, Agiguan, and Guam, with different habitat preferences.

","language":"English","publisher":"Cooper Ornithological Society","publisherLocation":"Los Angeles, CA","usgsCitation":"Fancy, S.G., and Snetsinger, T.J., 2001, What caused the population decline of the Bridled White-eye on Rota, Mariana Islands?: Studies in Avian Biology, v. 22, p. 274-280.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"274","endPage":"280","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":330930,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mariana Islands","state":"Rota","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 145.16046524047852,\n 14.168700708589972\n ],\n [\n 145.16372680664062,\n 14.168700708589972\n ],\n [\n 145.1671600341797,\n 14.168534269226564\n ],\n [\n 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J.","contributorId":176132,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Snetsinger","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":653516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":45064,"text":"wri004251 - 2001 - Simulation of ground-water discharge to Biscayne Bay, southeastern Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-04T18:43:24.622742","indexId":"wri004251","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T21:40:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-4251","displayTitle":"Simulation of Ground-Water Discharge to Biscayne Bay, Southeastern Florida","title":"Simulation of ground-water discharge to Biscayne Bay, southeastern Florida","docAbstract":"As part of the Place-Based Studies Program, the U.S. Geological Survey initiated a project in 1996, in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, to quantify the rates and patterns of submarine ground-water discharge to Biscayne Bay. Project objectives were achieved through field investigations at three sites (Coconut Grove, Deering Estate, and Mowry Canal) along the coastline of Biscayne Bay and through the development and calibration of variable-density, ground-water flow models. Two-dimensional, vertical cross-sectional models were developed for steady-state conditions for the Coconut Grove and Deering Estate transects to quantify local-scale ground-water discharge patterns to Biscayne Bay. A larger regional-scale model was developed in three dimensions to simulate submarine ground-water discharge to the entire bay. The SEAWAT code, which is a combined version of MODFLOW and MT3D, was used to simulate the complex variable-density flow patterns. Field data suggest that ground-water discharge to Biscayne Bay relative to the shoreline is restricted to within 300 meters at Coconut Grove, 600 to 1,000 meters at Deering Estate, and 100 meters at Mowry Canal. The vertical cross-sectional models, which were calibrated to the field data using the assumption of steady state, tend to focus ground-water discharge to within 50 to 200 meters of the shoreline. With homogeneous distributions for aquifer parameters and a constant-concentration boundary for Biscayne Bay, the numerical models could not reproduce the lower ground-water salinities observed beneath the bay, which suggests that further research may be necessary to improve the accuracy of the numerical simulations. Results from the cross-sectional models, which were able to simulate the approximate position of the saltwater interface, suggest that longitudinal dispersivity ranges between 1 and 10 meters, and transverse dispersivity ranges from 0.1 to 1 meter for the Biscayne aquifer. The three-dimensional, regional-scale model was calibrated to ground-water heads, canal baseflow, and the general position of the saltwater interface for nearly a 10-year period from 1989 to 1998. The mean absolute error between observed and simulated head values is 0.15 meter. The mean absolute error between observed and simulated baseflow is 3 x 105 cubic meters per day. The position of the simulated saltwater interface generally matches the position observed in the field, except for areas north of the Miami Canal where the simulated saltwater interface is located about 5 kilometers inland of the observed saltwater interface. Results from the regional-scale model suggest that the average rate of fresh ground-water discharge to Biscayne Bay for the 10-year period (1989-98) is about 2 x 105 cubic meters per day for 100 kilometers of coastline. This simulated discharge rate is about 6 percent of the measured surface-water discharge to Biscayne Bay for the same period. The model also suggests that nearly 100 percent of the fresh ground-water discharge is to the northern half of Biscayne Bay, north of the Cutler Drain Canal. South of the Cutler Drain Canal, coastal lowlands prevent the water table from rising high enough to drive measurable quantities of ground water to Biscayne Bay. Annual variations in sea-level elevation, which can be as large as 0.3 meter, have a substantial effect on rates of ground-water discharge. During 1989-98, simulated rates of ground-water discharge to Biscayne Bay generally are highest when sea level is relatively low.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri004251","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Langevin, C.D., 2001, Simulation of ground-water discharge to Biscayne Bay, southeastern Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2000-4251, Report: vi, 127 p.; 3 Plates: 8.5 x 11 in, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri004251.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 127 p.; 3 Plates: 8.5 x 11 in","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":99370,"rank":7,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2000/4251/wri004251_plate3.pdf","text":"Plate 3","size":"1.06 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Plate 3"},{"id":99369,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2000/4251/wri004251_plate2.pdf","text":"Plate 2","size":"0.98 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Plate 2"},{"id":167923,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2000/4251/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":99367,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2000/4251/wri004251.pdf","text":"Report","size":"8.79 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":99368,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2000/4251/wri004251_plate1.pdf","text":"Plate 1","size":"820 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Plate 1"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Biscayne Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.134033203125,\n 25.44823489808649\n ],\n [\n -80.255126953125,\n 25.030861410390447\n ],\n [\n -80.03814697265625,\n 26.125850185680356\n ],\n [\n -80.79620361328125,\n 26.480407161007275\n ],\n [\n -81.134033203125,\n 25.44823489808649\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"

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","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49b2e4b07f02db5c9389","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Langevin, Christian D. 0000-0001-5610-9759","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5610-9759","contributorId":60297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langevin","given":"Christian","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":231031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70206527,"text":"70206527 - 2001 - The importance of competition in regulating plant species abundance along a salinity gradient","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-07T16:45:19","indexId":"70206527","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T16:40:30","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The importance of competition in regulating plant species abundance along a salinity gradient","docAbstract":"

Current theories differ in their predictions concerning the effects of interspecific interactions on species growth and distribution along environmental gradients. In this study, we examined the influence of competition on species composition across a salinity gradient. This work involved three common fresh and brackish marsh species. The three species, Spartina patens, Sagittaria lancifolia, and Panicum hemitomon, differ in salt tolerances but are commonly found in overlapping zones across coastal marsh gradients in the southeastern United States. Plants were grown in a greenhouse under four salinity treatments (0, 2, 4, and 8 g/kg), in monocultures and in three‐species mixtures. Data from the monocultures and mixtures were used to examine the importance of competition in regulating community composition and species' growth. Results for individual species were significantly different when grown in monoculture vs. the three‐species mixture. While with increasing salinity community dominance shifted toward the most salt‐tolerant species, Spartina patens, competition was found to alter community composition equally over all salinities. However, the responses of individual species demonstrated a very different pattern; the relative importance of competition in influencing individual growth differed substantially depending on the salinity tolerances of species. These results support the contention that, as abiotic stress increases, competition becomes less of a limiting factor in regulating the abundance of a species. However, the role of competition at the community level is the sum of the individual species' responses and may or may not vary with the level of abiotic stress.

","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/0012-9658(2001)082[0062:TIOCIR]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Greiner La Peyre, M.K., Grace, J.B., Hahn, E., and Mendelssohn, I., 2001, The importance of competition in regulating plant species abundance along a salinity gradient: Ecology, v. 82, no. 1, p. 62-69, https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9658(2001)082[0062:TIOCIR]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"62","endPage":"69","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":369069,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"82","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Greiner La Peyre, M. K.","contributorId":220385,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Greiner La Peyre","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":774891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grace, James B. 0000-0001-6374-4726 gracej@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6374-4726","contributorId":884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grace","given":"James","email":"gracej@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":774892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hahn, E.","contributorId":220387,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hahn","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":774893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mendelssohn, I.A.","contributorId":24317,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mendelssohn","given":"I.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":774894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70094002,"text":"70094002 - 2001 - Knickzone propagation in the Black Hills and northern High Plains: A different perspective on the late Cenozoic exhumation of the Laramide Rocky Mountains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-22T17:33:50.273004","indexId":"70094002","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T15:55:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Knickzone propagation in the Black Hills and northern High Plains: A different perspective on the late Cenozoic exhumation of the Laramide Rocky Mountains","docAbstract":"

Geomorphic research in the Black Hills and northern High Plains poses an intriguing hypothesis for the Cenozoic evolution of this salient of the Laramide Rockies. Most recently, geologists have appealed to late Cenozoic epeirogenic uplift or climate change to explain the post-Laramide unroofing of the Rockies. On the basis of field mapping and the interpretation of long-valley profiles, we conclude that the propagation of knickzones is the primary mechanism for exhumation in the Black Hills. Long profiles of major drainages show discrete breaks in the slope of the channel gradient that are not coincident with changes in rock type. We use the term knickzones to describe these features because their profiles are broadly convex over tens of kilometers. At and below the knickzone, the channel is incising into bedrock, abandoning a flood plain, and forming a terrace. Above the knickzone, the channel is much less incised, resulting in a broad valley bottom. Numerous examples of stream piracy are documented, and in each case, the capture is recorded in the same terrace level. These observations are consistent with migrating knickzones that have swept through Black Hills streams, rearranging drainages in their wake. We demonstrate there are two knickzone fronts associated with mapped terraces. Preliminary field evidence of soil development shows that these terraces are time transgressive in nature. Our data strongly suggest that knickzone propagation must be considered a viable mechanism driving late Cenozoic fluvial incision and exhumation of the northern High Plains and adjacent northern Rocky Mountains.

","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0091-7613(2001)029<0547:KPITBH>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Zaprowski, B.J., Evenson, E.B., Pazzaglia, F.J., and Epstein, J.B., 2001, Knickzone propagation in the Black Hills and northern High Plains: A different perspective on the late Cenozoic exhumation of the Laramide Rocky Mountains: Geology, v. 29, no. 6, p. 547-550, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(2001)029<0547:KPITBH>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"547","endPage":"550","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282442,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Dakota, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Black Hills, High Plains, Laramide Rocky Mountains","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -104.7945,43.2665 ], [ -104.7945,44.7866 ], [ -102.7523,44.7866 ], [ -102.7523,43.2665 ], [ -104.7945,43.2665 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"29","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd6377e4b0b290850fed33","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zaprowski, Brent J.","contributorId":6362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zaprowski","given":"Brent","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Evenson, Edward B.","contributorId":16751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evenson","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pazzaglia, Frank J.","contributorId":19477,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pazzaglia","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Epstein, Jack B. jepstein@usgs.gov","contributorId":1412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Epstein","given":"Jack","email":"jepstein@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":490424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}