Atlantic Salmon Salmo salar remain at critically low levels in the United States, with the last remaining populations located in the state of Maine. In 2021, a pilot captive-rearing program, similar to a smolt-to-adult supplementation, was implemented to boost naturally spawning adults in support of recovery goals.
We conducted a 2-year acoustic telemetry study to track a subset of captive-reared salmon (N = 270) that were released into the Penobscot and Machias rivers. We evaluated their postrelease movement patterns, dam passage, and site fidelity between the two rivers, years, and seasons.
Atlantic Salmon that were released into the Penobscot River tended to overwinter, but their movement patterns varied between release years. In contrast, the Atlantic Salmon that were released into the Machias River were more likely to move directly downstream to the river exit. In addition, the fish that were released into the dammed Penobscot River frequently made multiple attempts to pass dams in both directions, often with passage delays and failures. Atlantic Salmon that were released during the summer displayed more exploratory movements than those that were released in the fall. Most Atlantic Salmon either left the river shortly after release (5–30 d) or the following spring (>120 d). Site fidelity was greater for the fall-released Atlantic Salmon (76%) than for the summer-released Atlantic Salmon (23%).
Overall, releasing salmon in the fall as sexually mature adults may increase site fidelity to the release reach, thereby enhancing the chances of successfully spawning in the wild.
Evaluation of thermal maturity in vitrinite-free or vitrinite-deficient sediments via fluorescence microspectrometry can provide relevant information related to petroleum exploration and thermal history assessment. However, variation in spectral fluorescence properties of alginite macerals with increasing thermal maturity is largely underexplored. Here, authors of this study have applied confocal laser-scanning microscopy (CLSM) in conjunction with fluorescence microspectrometry to a maturity series of marine Upper Devonian Tasmanites algae from the Ohio Shale (Huron Member) and a single sample from the Marcellus Formation of the Appalachian Basin. Spectral fluorescence properties of Tasmanites were evaluated in relation to orientation, measurement location, and the number of measurements per sample, and were compared to published literature. Emission spectra of Tasmanites from continuous wave laser excitation (405 nm) were acquired from sections perpendicular and parallel to bedding and at different positions within individual Tasmanites bodies. The results showed a progressive red-shift in emission maxima (λmax) in a large sample sized maturity series (N = 19), e.g., 493 to 578 nm for the perpendicular section at middle position. Further, blue-shifted apex and mineral-adjacent positions within sections perpendicular to bedding were observed, with the latter being reported here for the first time. While blue-shift at apex positions can be attributed to mechanical deformation-induced reorientation of photoselected fluorophores, the blue-shifted mineral-adjacent positions could result from strain loading and development of a plastic deformation region at the mineral contact zone with Tasmanites. A decrease in standard deviation with increasing number of measured emission maxima is well-observed, and 15 to 20 individual measurements per sample appears sufficient for low standard deviation and coefficient of variance. CLSM-derived thermal maturity parameters indicated that a moderate positive correlation of red/green quotient (Q650/500; R2 = 0.67) with solid bitumen reflectance (BRo in %) exists. For reproducible results, the determination of λmax and Q650/500 should be conducted exclusively in the middle position at perpendicular and parallel sections of the polished whole-rock pellets, where the lowest standard deviation in measurement was observed. These results strengthen the suitability and relevance of the CLSM technique in thermal maturity studies of dispersed organic matter (DOM) and contribute to the standardization of fluorescence microspectrometry methods in organic petrology investigation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.coal.2025.104885","usgsCitation":"Kus, J., and Hackley, P.C., 2025, Confocal laser-scanning microscopy (CLSM)-based thermal maturity of Tasmanites and progress in standardization of fluorescence microspectrometry: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 310, 104885, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2025.104885.","productDescription":"104885, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-173105","costCenters":[{"id":49175,"text":"Geology, Energy & Minerals Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496708,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2025.104885","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":496478,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kentucky, Ohio, Virginia, West Virginia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.64749053543926,\n 42.054831551917516\n ],\n [\n -84.5,\n 42.054831551917516\n ],\n [\n -84.5,\n 36.517775865399514\n ],\n [\n -80.64749053543926,\n 36.517775865399514\n ],\n [\n -80.64749053543926,\n 42.054831551917516\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"310","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kus, Jolanta","contributorId":289942,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kus","given":"Jolanta","affiliations":[{"id":62291,"text":"BGR.de","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hackley, Paul C. 0000-0002-5957-2551 phackley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5957-2551","contributorId":592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hackley","given":"Paul","email":"phackley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70273132,"text":"70273132 - 2025 - Longevity, age-specific survival, and mean generation time of Rana muscosa: Implications for conservation of possibly the longest lived Ranid frog","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-16T14:51:28.664901","indexId":"70273132","displayToPublicDate":"2025-10-08T08:45:47","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1467,"text":"Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Longevity, age-specific survival, and mean generation time of Rana muscosa: Implications for conservation of possibly the longest lived Ranid frog","docAbstract":"Life history strategies vary widely among species and play a vital role in extinction risk, especially in a rapidly changing environment. For many taxa, information on life history such as longevity, lifespan, and generation time is incomplete. This is especially true for amphibians, which have experienced large-scale declines in recent decades. The mountain yellow-legged frog (Rana muscosa) is a California endemic recognized as a state and federally endangered species. We evaluated a 23-year dataset of six wild R. muscosa populations in southern California. We calculated the average lifespan of individuals in these six populations to be approximately 9.5 years, with a mean generation time of 7.4 years. We did not detect a difference in longevity between sexes or a difference in apparent survival across various ages of adults. We also documented the longest-lived ranid frog ever recorded from a wild population: a male R. muscosa that was at least 21 years old. Our results suggest a relatively long generation time for this species, a characteristic that may benefit them because reproduction is regularly challenged by drought, fire activity, and disease. This information is important for understanding the complex life history of this endangered ranid frog and can help guide efforts to manage and recover the species.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ece3.72213","usgsCitation":"Hitchcock, C.J., Backlin, A.R., Goldberg, A.R., Thomsen, S.K., Muths, E., Gallegos, E., and Fisher, R.D., 2025, Longevity, age-specific survival, and mean generation time of Rana muscosa: Implications for conservation of possibly the longest lived Ranid frog: Ecology and Evolution, v. 15, no. 10, e72213, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.72213.","productDescription":"e72213, 11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-178709","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":497723,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.72213","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":497564,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.5,\n 34.5\n ],\n [\n -118.5,\n 33.5\n ],\n [\n -116.5,\n 33.5\n ],\n [\n -116.5,\n 34.5\n ],\n [\n -118.5,\n 34.5\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"15","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hitchcock, Cynthia Joan 0000-0001-9293-043X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9293-043X","contributorId":225261,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hitchcock","given":"Cynthia","email":"","middleInitial":"Joan","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Backlin, Adam R. 0000-0001-5618-8426 abacklin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5618-8426","contributorId":3802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Backlin","given":"Adam","email":"abacklin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goldberg, Amanda Renee 0000-0003-3094-8241","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3094-8241","contributorId":364259,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldberg","given":"Amanda","middleInitial":"Renee","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thomsen, Sarah Kay 0000-0001-5964-7536","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5964-7536","contributorId":330754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomsen","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"Kay","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Muths, Erin L. 0000-0002-5498-3132","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5498-3132","contributorId":243368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muths","given":"Erin L.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gallegos, Elizabeth 0000-0002-8402-2631 egallegos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8402-2631","contributorId":1528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gallegos","given":"Elizabeth","email":"egallegos@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Fisher, Robert D. 0000-0002-2956-3240 rdfisher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2956-3240","contributorId":3913,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Robert","email":"rdfisher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70272199,"text":"70272199 - 2025 - Tree swallows as indicators of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance exposure and effects at select Department of Defense sites along the East Coast and at sites with different sources in the Upper Midwest, United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-11-20T14:20:07.393739","indexId":"70272199","displayToPublicDate":"2025-10-08T08:40:12","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tree swallows as indicators of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance exposure and effects at select Department of Defense sites along the East Coast and at sites with different sources in the Upper Midwest, United States","docAbstract":"Questions remain about the distribution of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in the environment, the sources and movement within and between ecosystems, and whether there are effects from such exposure. Information from the Upper Midwest and the mid-Atlantic regions of the United States, which have different PFAS sources, were investigated. Concentrations of Total40 (sum of 40 PFAS), perfluorooctane sulfonate, perfluorohexane sulfonate, and Total13 (sum of 13 PFAS) were consistently higher, by as much as a factor of 40, in tree swallow (Tachycineta bicolor) tissue samples (eggs, nestlings, and diet) at sites along the East Coast, where aqueous film-forming foams (AFFF) were extensively used when compared with East Coast reference sites. Sites in the Upper Midwest, with other PFAS sources, had qualitatively lower concentrations of PFAS than AFFF source sites. Perfluorooctane sulfonate was the only PFAS detected in all samples. Concentrations of most other PFAS, such as the carboxylates and fluorotelomers, did not differ between AFFF and reference sites. Perfluorohexane sulfonate, the second-most common constituent of some legacy AFFF formulations, was <1% of Total40 at the reference sites in eggs and nestlings, but perfluorohexane sulfonate represented up to 9.7% (eggs) and 9.0% (nestlings) at AFFF-influenced sites. Despite differences in PFAS exposure, the daily probability of egg and nestling survival, as well as haptoglobin-like activity (PIT54) and total immunoglobulin Y, was similar across all sites. There were also no significant associations between these end points and concentrations of Total40 or individual PFAS in eggs or nestlings.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/etojnl/vgaf207","usgsCitation":"Custer, C.M., Dummer, P.M., Schultz, S.L., Karouna-Renier, N., and Matson, C.W., 2025, Tree swallows as indicators of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance exposure and effects at select Department of Defense sites along the East Coast and at sites with different sources in the Upper Midwest, United States: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 44, no. 11, p. 3159-3191, https://doi.org/10.1093/etojnl/vgaf207.","productDescription":"33 p.","startPage":"3159","endPage":"3191","ipdsId":"IP-173181","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496638,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"East Coast, Upper Midwest","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -69.67398671307569,\n 48.00020834558444\n ],\n [\n -78.77194547995512,\n 43.96819919165159\n ],\n [\n -78.43793485353297,\n 42.23585319711049\n ],\n [\n -75.42775284050555,\n 36.67513017535144\n ],\n [\n -67.63700987323536,\n 42.39377603789744\n ],\n [\n -66.75591617258152,\n 44.84423737267856\n ],\n [\n -69.67398671307569,\n 48.00020834558444\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.82915204679735,\n 47.113569003182164\n ],\n [\n -93.51126723295444,\n 47.38653958708926\n ],\n [\n -94.16537761257574,\n 44.79249428911524\n ],\n [\n -92.84827371125125,\n 44.426368083065114\n ],\n [\n -92.69192295771474,\n 45.067911232198185\n ],\n [\n -92.86216738261179,\n 45.68131217095913\n ],\n [\n -91.82915204679735,\n 47.113569003182164\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.65664003422744,\n 42.064825412625765\n ],\n [\n -89.65664003422744,\n 40.90525082104949\n ],\n [\n -88.48054551794385,\n 40.90525082104949\n ],\n [\n -88.48054551794385,\n 42.064825412625765\n ],\n [\n -89.65664003422744,\n 42.064825412625765\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"44","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Custer, Christine M. 0000-0003-0500-1582 ccuster@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0500-1582","contributorId":1143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Custer","given":"Christine","email":"ccuster@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":950418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dummer, Paul M. 0000-0002-2055-9480 pdummer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2055-9480","contributorId":3015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dummer","given":"Paul","email":"pdummer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":950419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schultz, Sandra L. 0000-0003-3394-2857 sschultz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3394-2857","contributorId":5966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schultz","given":"Sandra","email":"sschultz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":950420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Karouna-Renier, Natalie 0000-0001-7127-033X nkarouna@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7127-033X","contributorId":200983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karouna-Renier","given":"Natalie","email":"nkarouna@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":950421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Matson, Cole W.","contributorId":362404,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Matson","given":"Cole","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":13716,"text":"Baylor University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70273902,"text":"70273902 - 2025 - Experimental warming alters free-living nitrogen fixation in a humid tropical forest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-12T15:30:52.35482","indexId":"70273902","displayToPublicDate":"2025-10-08T08:23:20","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2863,"text":"New Phytologist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Experimental warming alters free-living nitrogen fixation in a humid tropical forest","docAbstract":"Microbial nitrogen (N) fixation accounts for c. 97% of natural N inputs to terrestrial ecosystems. These microbes can be free-living in the soil and leaf litter (asymbiotic) or in symbiosis with plants. Warming is expected to increase N-fixation rates because warmer temperatures favor the growth and activity of N-fixing microbes.
We investigated the effects of warming on asymbiotic components of N fixation at a field warming experiment in Puerto Rico. We analyzed the function and composition of bacterial communities from surface soil and leaf litter samples. Warming significantly increased asymbiotic N-fixation rates in soil by 55% (to 0.002 kg ha−1 yr−1) and by 525% in leaf litter (to 14.518 kg ha−1 yr−1). This increase in N fixation was associated with changes in the N-fixing bacterial community composition and soil nutrients.
Our findings suggest that warming increases the natural N inputs from the atmosphere into this tropical forest due to changes in microbial function and composition, especially in the leaf litter. Given the importance of leaf litter in nutrient cycling, future research should investigate other aspects of N cycles in the leaf litter under warming conditions.
","language":"English","publisher":"New Phytologist Foundation","doi":"10.1111/nph.70592","usgsCitation":"Bartz, P.M., Grullón-Penkova, I.F., Cavaleri, M.A., Reed, S.C., Shahid, S., Wood, T.E., and Bachelot, B., 2025, Experimental warming alters free-living nitrogen fixation in a humid tropical forest: New Phytologist, v. 248, no. 6, p. 2750-2763, https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70592.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"2750","endPage":"2763","ipdsId":"IP-183096","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499949,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70592","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":499804,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Luquillo Experimental Forest, northeastern Puerto Rico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -65.86841127907454,\n 18.363328307173546\n ],\n [\n -65.86841127907454,\n 18.22384237790817\n ],\n [\n -65.70802904561418,\n 18.22384237790817\n ],\n [\n -65.70802904561418,\n 18.363328307173546\n ],\n [\n -65.86841127907454,\n 18.363328307173546\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"248","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bartz, Parker M.","contributorId":366365,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bartz","given":"Parker","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":87461,"text":"Department of Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":955694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grullón-Penkova, Iana F.","contributorId":366366,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grullón-Penkova","given":"Iana","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":87462,"text":"USDA Forest Service International Institute of Tropical Forestry, Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico, 00926, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":955695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cavaleri, Molly A.","contributorId":366367,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cavaleri","given":"Molly","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":87463,"text":"College of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, 49931, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":955696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Reed, Sasha C. 0000-0002-8597-8619 screed@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8597-8619","contributorId":217604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"Sasha","email":"screed@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":955697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Shahid, Saima","contributorId":366368,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shahid","given":"Saima","affiliations":[{"id":87464,"text":"Dept. of Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA; Plants, Photosynthesis and Soil, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, S10 2TN, UK","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":955698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wood, Tana E.","contributorId":197805,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wood","given":"Tana","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":955699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bachelot, Benedicte","contributorId":294542,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bachelot","given":"Benedicte","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":63597,"text":"Department of Plant Biology, Ecology, and Evolution, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":955700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70272763,"text":"70272763 - 2025 - Genetic and environmental factors associated with survival of a rare songbird in a fragmented urban landscape","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-07T17:38:24.690661","indexId":"70272763","displayToPublicDate":"2025-10-08T08:07:34","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5803,"text":"Conservation Science and Practice","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Genetic and environmental factors associated with survival of a rare songbird in a fragmented urban landscape","docAbstract":"The coastal Cactus Wren (Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus) persists in small and fragmented populations throughout southern California that are subject to genetic drift and inbreeding. We combined individual banding and resighting data and genotyped individuals at 22 microsatellite loci to assess whether heterozygosity was associated with survival across three regional Cactus Wren populations on conserved lands in Orange and San Diego Counties between 2009 and 2020. Using Cormack-Jolly-Seber models (CJS) to analyze the 5-year capture histories of 528 individual wrens, we found that age class (hatch year or after hatch year) was the strongest predictor of survival. Individual heterozygosity and precipitation also had positive effects on survival, with survival up to 2 times higher in the most heterozygous individuals compared to the least and up to 1.5 times higher in high precipitation years versus drought years. Multi-locus heterozygosity was significantly correlated across loci, suggesting that inbreeding depression is likely driving the association between survival and heterozygosity. Study results support that genetic rescue efforts that reduce inbreeding have the potential to improve fitness and mitigate further loss of genetic variation in managed populations.
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2025 - Sea-level driven isolation of glacial plant refugia revealed by submerged lake sediment from the Bering Land Bridge and St. Matthew Island","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-06T15:04:57.311975","indexId":"70273841","displayToPublicDate":"2025-10-08T08:00:07","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":23288,"text":"Arctic Antarctic and Alpine Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sea-level driven isolation of glacial plant refugia revealed by submerged lake sediment from the Bering Land Bridge and St. Matthew Island","docAbstract":"Bering Land Bridge (BLB) climate and vegetation during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) remains largely understudied, given challenges associated with collecting records from the submerged BLB. Previous records, confined to the margins of the modern land area and adjacent shelf, reveal conflicting interpretations of Beringian vegetation during the LGM. Here, we reconstruct LGM vegetation, sedimentology, and stable isotopes from a central BLB paleo-lake (Lake Knebel, LK) and compare it with a Holocene peat record from nearby St. Matthew Island (SMI). Results show strong similarities between LGM and late Holocene pollen assemblages, although with differences in relative taxonomic abundance. LGM communities are consistent with a cold and dry steppe or herb tundra environment but suggest the possibility of localized Betula presence in low-lying areas. LK’s bedded lacustrine stratigraphy transitions into undisturbed marine sediments by ~19 ka, providing a maximum limiting age of the transgression. Shrub absence on SMI today and during the Holocene is consistent with island isolation before ~14 to 15 ka, when Betula expanded rapidly at most sites with Bølling-Allerød warming. The combined vegetation evidence indicates preservation of LGM tundra and steppe vegetation assemblages on SMI, suggesting that island vegetation communities may provide additional constraints on the timing of sea level transgression.
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ashah@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3198-081X","contributorId":2297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shah","given":"Anjana","email":"ashah@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Doctor, Daniel H. 0000-0002-8338-9722 dhdoctor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8338-9722","contributorId":2037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doctor","given":"Daniel","email":"dhdoctor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gustafson, Chloe Danielle 0000-0001-8323-2568","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8323-2568","contributorId":346924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gustafson","given":"Chloe Danielle","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pitts, Alan D. 0000-0002-9661-4917","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9661-4917","contributorId":350522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pitts","given":"Alan","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70274119,"text":"70274119 - 2025 - Mapping a Carrington storm","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-26T17:25:32.943003","indexId":"70274119","displayToPublicDate":"2025-10-07T10:16:38","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mapping a Carrington storm","docAbstract":"A map is presented of median 1-min-resolution peak geoelectric-field strength across the United States as would be induced by magnetic storms as intense as the 2 September 1859 Carrington storm. The map is constructed from two data sets: Magnetometer time series from 22 ground-based observatories recording 40 magnetic storms, and surface impedance tensors derived from magnetotelluric measurements acquired at 1616 survey sites across the contiguous United States. Carrington-class storm geoelectric fields are likely to be very strong in the United States East and Midwest; > 5.00 V/km at many places. In Virginia, strengths would likely range from 30.30 V/km, with a 68% confidence interval of [19.44,47.20] V/km, to as low as 0.05 [0.03,0.07] V/km. Comparison of model geopotentials with those measured on 30 long lines, indicates errors of about 18%. A Carrington-class storm would likely induce geoelectric fields with strengths 55% greater than for the 13–14 March 1989 storm.
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Joshua 0000-0003-4850-3953 erigler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4850-3953","contributorId":4367,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rigler","given":"E.","email":"erigler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Joshua","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":956593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bedrosian, Paul A. 0000-0002-6786-1038 pbedrosian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6786-1038","contributorId":839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bedrosian","given":"Paul","email":"pbedrosian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":956594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schnepf, Neesha R.","contributorId":367027,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schnepf","given":"Neesha","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":36621,"text":"University of Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70272273,"text":"70272273 - 2025 - Estimating recruitment of Largemouth Bass to exceptional weights using angler-reported catches","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-22T16:30:03.333116","indexId":"70272273","displayToPublicDate":"2025-10-07T10:13:38","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating recruitment of Largemouth Bass to exceptional weights using angler-reported catches","docAbstract":"Although most facets of Largemouth Bass Micropterus nigricans ecology have been researched, the upper tiers of weight distributions (i.e., ≥3.6 kg; herein, “lunkers”) have received little attention due to the challenges of collecting sufficient sample sizes. Our aim was to estimate Largemouth Bass recruitment to higher weights after reaching 3.6 kg and to identify factors correlated with such recruitment.
We used an online database of angler-reported catches to investigate recruitment of Largemouth Bass after reaching lunker size and to identify associated factors. Recruitment was indexed by the slopes of the reversed cumulative counts relative to increasing weights, with gentler negative slopes indicating higher recruitment. The influence of environmental variables on these slopes identified the factors associated with recruitment.
An average of 20% (minimum = 4%; maximum = 45%) of lunker bass were estimated to recruit after reaching 3.6 kg. When expanded, these estimates revealed that recruitment from 3.6 to 4.5 kg averaged 23.5% and recruitment from 3.6 to 5.9 kg averaged 2.5%. The observed recruitment was positively correlated with the frequency of Florida Bass M. salmoides alleles in the population and was inversely correlated with human population densities in the vicinity of the reservoir and with chlorophyll-a concentrations in the environment.
Recruitment of Largemouth Bass after reaching 3.6 kg appears to require a nuanced equilibrium enabled by a higher frequency of Florida Bass alleles, a remote location of the fishery, and a reservoir trophic state that balances adequate environmental conditions and food supply.
Background
Timely information on wildfire burn severity is critical to assess and mitigate potential post-fire impacts on soils, vegetation, and hillslope stability. Tracking individual fire spread and intensity using satellite active fire data provides a pathway to near real-time (NRT) information. Here, we generated a large database (n = 2177) of wildfire events in the western United States (U.S.) between 2012 and 2021 using active fire detections from the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) sensor on the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (SNPP) satellite and the Fire Events Data Suite (FEDS) algorithm to track large fire growth every 12 h. We integrated fire tracking data with final fire perimeters and burn severity data from the Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity (MTBS) program to evaluate the relationship between burn severity and fire behavior metrics derived from the fire tracking approach, including the rate of fire spread and average fire radiative power (FRP) of fire detections for each 12-h growth increment.
Results
When stratified by vegetation type, FRP and rate of spread metrics were positively correlated with classified burn severity for each 12-h growth increment, highlighting the potential to rapidly identify areas of high and low severity burning. In forests, integrated measures of FRP over the fire lifetime captured persistent flaming and smoldering that compensated for initial differences between AM (01:30) and PM (13:30) fire detections. Predictive modeling of these relationships based on multiple fire behavior indicators and vegetation type from the LANDFIRE program yielded an accuracy of 78% for the separation of unburned/low and moderate/high burn severity classes.
Conclusions
These results demonstrate the ability to capture within-fire differences in burn severity using NRT indicators from fire tracking to assist with emergency management and disaster preparedness for post-fire hazards, such as landslides, debris flows, or changes in stream flow and water quality. As VIIRS data are available within minutes of each satellite overpass in the U.S., rapid estimates of burn severity based on fire tracking can be made days or weeks before a large wildfire is fully contained.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1186/s42408-025-00407-x","usgsCitation":"Orland, E., McCabe, T., Chen, Y., Scholten, R.C., Becker, Z., Loehman, R.A., Randerson, J.T., Coffield, S.R., Liu, T., Shiklomanov, A.N., Nelson, K., Peterson, B., Follette-Cook, M.B., and Morton, D.C., 2025, Near real-time indicators of burn severity in the western U.S. from active fire tracking: Fire Ecology, v. 21, 55, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.1186/s42408-025-00407-x.","productDescription":"55, 18 p.","ipdsId":"IP-170216","costCenters":[{"id":118,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geography","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498919,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42408-025-00407-x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":498774,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"western United 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avian influenza in migratory waterfowl","docAbstract":"Emerging infectious diseases pose threats to wildlife populations, as exemplified by recent outbreaks of avian influenza viruses in wild birds. Climate change can affect infection dynamics in wildlife through direct effects on pathogens (e.g., environmental decay rates) and changes to host ecology, including shifting migration patterns. Here, we adapt an existing mechanistic model that couples migration and infection to study how traits of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses contribute to HPAI outcomes in migratory waterfowl, then apply this model to explore potential impacts of climate change on HPAI dynamics. We find that the simulated impacts of HPAI on the host population under baseline climate conditions varied from no impact to 100% mortality, depending on viral traits. In most cases, traits related to transmission (i.e., contact rates, shedding rates) were more important for HPAI establishment probability, infection prevalence, and mortality than were other viral traits (e.g., environmental temperature sensitivity, cross-protective immunity). We then simulated the effects of climate change (i.e., altered temperature regimes) on HPAI dynamics both via viral environmental decay and via changes in bird migration phenology. In these simulations, we found that a 9-day advancement in spring migration timing increased the duration of HPAI outbreaks by increasing time birds spent at their breeding grounds, leading to higher mortality and fewer infections. In contrast, increased viral decay in warmer years had a smaller, but opposite impact. These patterns depended on the primary transmission mode of HPAI (i.e., direct vs. environmental) and its sensitivity to environmental temperatures. Together, these results suggest that climate change is likely to increase the impacts of HPAI on waterfowl populations if HPAI relies strongly on direct transmission and birds advance their spring migration. Further integrating host-viral co-evolution and other climatic changes (e.g., salinity, humidity) could provide more precise predictions of how HPAI dynamics could change in the future.
","language":"English","publisher":"PLoS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pcbi.1013451","usgsCitation":"Teitelbaum, C.S., Casazza, M.L., Overton, C.T., Matchett, E., and Prosser, D.J., 2025, Host responses and viral traits interact to shape the impacts of climate warming on highly pathogenic avian influenza in migratory waterfowl: PLOS Computational Biology., v. 21, no. 10, e1013451, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1013451.","productDescription":"e1013451, 22 p.","ipdsId":"IP-157531","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":497119,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1013451","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":497015,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska, California, Oregon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -148.20078647084972,\n 61.26021297898512\n ],\n [\n -149.09364902779188,\n 62.66876277882301\n ],\n [\n -162.90133171617495,\n 63.7331238783043\n ],\n [\n -166.54926553897377,\n 61.85068028365225\n ],\n [\n -164.23587380154524,\n 59.41592981040935\n ],\n [\n -158.791073273557,\n 57.922862761320914\n ],\n [\n -148.20078647084972,\n 61.26021297898512\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.22676646003569,\n 44.192344518790605\n ],\n [\n -124.083446948291,\n 44.192344518790605\n ],\n [\n -124.083446948291,\n 36\n ],\n [\n -120.22676646003569,\n 36\n ],\n [\n -120.22676646003569,\n 44.192344518790605\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"21","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Teitelbaum, Claire Stewart 0000-0001-5646-3184","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5646-3184","contributorId":295336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Teitelbaum","given":"Claire","email":"","middleInitial":"Stewart","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Casazza, Michael L. 0000-0002-5636-735X mike_casazza@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5636-735X","contributorId":2091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casazza","given":"Michael","email":"mike_casazza@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Overton, Cory T. 0000-0002-5060-7447 coverton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5060-7447","contributorId":3262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Overton","given":"Cory","email":"coverton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Matchett, Elliott 0000-0001-5095-2884 ematchett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5095-2884","contributorId":5541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matchett","given":"Elliott","email":"ematchett@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Prosser, Diann J. 0000-0002-5251-1799","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5251-1799","contributorId":221167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prosser","given":"Diann","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70274600,"text":"70274600 - 2025 - Ambient field seismology in critical zone hydrological sciences","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-01T15:12:52.682494","indexId":"70274600","displayToPublicDate":"2025-10-06T10:07:37","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":23777,"text":"Comptes Rendus. Géoscience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ambient field seismology in critical zone hydrological sciences","docAbstract":"Passive ambient noise monitoring is an emerging tool in environmental seismology, leveraging the ambient seismic field to assess temporal variations in shallow subsurface properties. This review focuses on the potential and challenges of using scattered coda waves from noise correlation functions to monitor critical zone dynamics. The sensitivity of seismic velocities to various environmental factors, including precipitation, snowmelt, atmospheric pressure, and groundwater fluctuations, underscores the method’s versatility. While coda waves excel in detecting subtle changes due to their scattered nature, ballistic waves provide higher spatial resolution, albeit with challenges in source stability. Advances in seismic sensing, including distributed acoustic sensing and low-cost geophone networks, have enabled high-resolution monitoring of hydrological processes, subsurface deformation, and seismic hazards. Integrating seismic data with hydrological models provides insights into water storage, pore pressure changes, and soil moisture dynamics. However, limitations in spatial resolution, calibration with ground truth data, and coupled effects between environmental factors remain key challenges. This review emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary approaches in refining methodologies, enhancing sensor deployments, and addressing data gaps. Passive seismic monitoring offers opportunities to understand critical zone processes and their broader impacts on seismic hazards and environmental sustainability.
","language":"English","publisher":"Academie des Sciences, Institut de France","doi":"10.5802/crgeos.310","usgsCitation":"Denolle, M.A., Shi, Q., Clements, T., Viens, L., Rodriguez-Tribaldos, V., and Cotton, F., 2025, Ambient field seismology in critical zone hydrological sciences: Comptes Rendus. Géoscience, v. 357, p. 425-451, https://doi.org/10.5802/crgeos.310.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"425","endPage":"451","ipdsId":"IP-181097","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502104,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5802/crgeos.310","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":501930,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"357","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Denolle, Marine A.","contributorId":345689,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Denolle","given":"Marine","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6934,"text":"University of Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shi, Qibin","contributorId":369115,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shi","given":"Qibin","affiliations":[{"id":49969,"text":"Department of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clements, Timothy Hugh 0000-0001-6632-1796","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6632-1796","contributorId":350753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clements","given":"Timothy Hugh","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Viens, Loic","contributorId":362345,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Viens","given":"Loic","affiliations":[{"id":48588,"text":"Los Alamos National Lab","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rodriguez-Tribaldos, Veronica","contributorId":369117,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rodriguez-Tribaldos","given":"Veronica","affiliations":[{"id":87725,"text":"GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences, Telegrafenberg 14473 Potsdam, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cotton, Fabrice","contributorId":264167,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cotton","given":"Fabrice","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":958474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70272060,"text":"70272060 - 2025 - Diel and spatial variability in cyanobacterial composition, gene abundance, and toxin concentration: A pilot study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-11-14T16:31:39.166686","indexId":"70272060","displayToPublicDate":"2025-10-06T09:26:11","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3358,"text":"Scientific Reports","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Diel and spatial variability in cyanobacterial composition, gene abundance, and toxin concentration: A pilot study","docAbstract":"We designed a pilot field study to assess relations between sunlight, cyanobacteria, and cyanotoxins. In 2021, we collected day (07:00 h, 10:00 h, 13:00 h, 16:00 h) and night samples (19:00 h, 22:00 h, 01:00 h, 04:00 h) at two locations in Kabetogama Lake, MN, USA. One sample set was collected from the lakeward end of a boat dock and the other on the nearby shoreline. Cyanobacterial phylogenetic eDNA differences over 24 h (pseudo F = 2.0938, p = 0.127) were not significant. Copies of anatoxin (anaC) and microcystin (mcyE) synthetase genes varied significantly over the sampling times at the dock (Friedman Χ2 = 15.01, df = 7, p = 0.036; Friedman Χ2 = 19.22, df = 7, p = 0.008) and the shoreline (Friedman Χ2 = 19.33, df = 7, p = 0.007; Friedman Χ2 = 20.56, df = 7, p = 0.005), with the highest anaC counts occurring during the night for both sites. Additionally, the highest total and dissolved microcystin concentrations occurred at night. Despite the proximity of the sampling locations, cyanobacterial phylogenetic eDNA results indicate that the variability between sites (pseudo-F = 27.547, p = 0.001) were greater than temporal differences over 24 h (pseudo F = 2.0938, p = 0.127). Understanding the effect of diel and spatial variability may help researchers and resource managers make informed decisions about sampling and potential exposure.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-18453-5","usgsCitation":"Christensen, V., Katona, L.R., LeDuc, J.F., Maki, R.P., Olds, H., Smith, J.C., and Trompeter, H., 2025, Diel and spatial variability in cyanobacterial composition, gene abundance, and toxin concentration: A pilot study: Scientific Reports, v. 15, 34734, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-18453-5.","productDescription":"34734, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-159489","costCenters":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496713,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-18453-5","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":496495,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","otherGeospatial":"Kabetogama Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.88007417752388,\n 48.44937256738547\n ],\n [\n -92.88007417752388,\n 48.422380750562496\n ],\n [\n -92.82383108449349,\n 48.422380750562496\n ],\n [\n -92.82383108449349,\n 48.44937256738547\n ],\n [\n -92.88007417752388,\n 48.44937256738547\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"15","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Christensen, Victoria 0000-0003-4166-7461","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4166-7461","contributorId":220548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christensen","given":"Victoria","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Katona, Leon R. 0000-0001-5323-1871","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5323-1871","contributorId":331458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Katona","given":"Leon","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"LeDuc, Jaime F.","contributorId":362078,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"LeDuc","given":"Jaime","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":86459,"text":"Surfrider Foundation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Maki, Ryan P.","contributorId":362079,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Maki","given":"Ryan","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":36245,"text":"NPS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Olds, Hayley T. 0000-0002-6701-6459 htolds@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6701-6459","contributorId":215837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olds","given":"Hayley","email":"htolds@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Smith, James C.","contributorId":362080,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"James","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":36245,"text":"NPS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Trompeter, Hailey Elizabeth 0009-0007-6855-5642","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6855-5642","contributorId":358493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trompeter","given":"Hailey Elizabeth","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70272115,"text":"70272115 - 2025 - Modeling diverse environmental responses of reservoirs to floating photovoltaic systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-11-17T16:13:07.875496","indexId":"70272115","displayToPublicDate":"2025-10-06T09:06:52","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5362,"text":"Limnologica - Ecology and Management of Inland Waters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling diverse environmental responses of reservoirs to floating photovoltaic systems","docAbstract":"Floating photovoltaic (FPV) systems are emerging as a promising strategy for large-scale clean energy production worldwide. However, by altering key physical drivers such as solar radiation and wind mixing, FPV installations may have also unintended consequences for lakes and reservoirs. Given the wide diversity of freshwater systems globally, understanding the consistency in direction and magnitude of environmental responses to FPV deployment is critical for informed regulatory oversight and sustainable energy development. Here, we used process-based models to simulate the effects of FPV coverage on 11 reservoirs across the United States. This is the first multi-reservoir analysis using a laterally averaged 2D process-based modeling framework to systematically evaluate FPV impacts across diverse climatic and morphometric contexts, enabling direct comparison of magnitude and direction of responses among systems. Specifically, we evaluated changes in (1) surface and outflow temperature, (2) thermocline depth, (3) water column stability, (4) dissolved oxygen concentrations, and (5) potential suitable habitat availability for warm- and cold-water fishes. We quantified changes in these response variables by an iterative approach that simulates increases in FPV coverage and compares them with reference conditions. We summarized responses for winter (January–February) and summer (July–August). As expected, our simulations show that increasing FPV coverage consistently cooled surface waters and altered thermal stratification patterns, but the magnitude and environmental implications of these changes varied among reservoirs. Notably, greater FPV coverage led to increased variability in habitat suitability for aquatic species, with some reservoirs exhibiting distinct and sometimes divergent responses. These findings underscore the importance of considering local environmental contexts when assessing FPV impacts. While large-scale FPV systems offer potential benefits for climate mitigation, their ecological effects, particularly on thermally sensitive biota, require careful site-specific evaluation to avoid unintended consequences to local freshwater biodiversity.
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University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Murphy, Christina Amy 0000-0002-3467-6610","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3467-6610","contributorId":335232,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murphy","given":"Christina","email":"","middleInitial":"Amy","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":950132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Henkel, Sarah K.","contributorId":362167,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Henkel","given":"Sarah","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70272206,"text":"70272206 - 2025 - Submarine groundwater discharge creates cold‐water refugia that can mitigate exposure of heat stress in nearshore corals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-11-19T15:22:46.012205","indexId":"70272206","displayToPublicDate":"2025-10-06T08:18:38","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3912,"text":"Frontiers in Marine Science","onlineIssn":"2296-7745","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Submarine groundwater discharge creates cold‐water refugia that can mitigate exposure of heat stress in nearshore corals","docAbstract":"Coral reef mortality around the world is accelerating due to human activities and rising sea temperatures that cause bleaching, which is expected to become more frequent. Our ability to predict which corals will be most resilient, however, remains limited due to insufficient information characterizing nearshore temperature and habitat conditions. In this study, we examine how submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) reduces nearshore water temperatures and exposure of corals to heat stress, complementing the understanding that SGD can adversely affect coral when it contains elevated nutrient concentrations. Data from fixed nearshore sensors and vertical depth profiles along ~100 km of the western shoreline of the Island of Hawai’i from 2003 to 2014 demonstrate that submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) can reduce nearshore water temperatures by 1 °C–5°C and create estuarine-like conditions with salinities as low as 20 PSU, where the prevalent coral species, Pocillopora meandrina, Porites lobata, and Montipora capitata, thrive. Time-series temperature records reveal that exposure to high ambient ocean temperatures, which are known to initiate bleaching events, are reduced up to 5%–46% of the time. Coral health surveys indicated coral bleaching in response to moderately high annual temperatures in 2010 and 2011, with more colonies affected farther from cold, SGD-fed waters. Synthesis of these results, along with coral response data following the more extreme marine heat wave of 2014–2015, demonstrates lower coral loss and greater coral recovery near groundwater seeps, particularly those with higher flux and influence on reducing nearshore water temperatures. Our results demonstrate that SGD may therefore provide a beneficial ecosystem service and enhance coral reef resilience, particularly where human-related nutrient additions to groundwater can be mitigated. The implications of our findings are relevant across tropical coasts where groundwater inputs can be substantial, such as the Caribbean and Indo-Pacific, and contribute to improving our understanding of coral sensitivity to gradients in temperature and nutrient stress. Improved management of groundwater resources could thus be vital to local–regional strategies for mitigating future heat stress.
","language":"English","publisher":"Frontiers","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2025.1621298","usgsCitation":"Grossman, E.E., Oberle, F.K., and Storlazzi, C.D., 2025, Submarine groundwater discharge creates cold‐water refugia that can mitigate exposure of heat stress in nearshore corals: Frontiers in Marine Science, v. 12, 1621298, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1621298.","productDescription":"1621298, 18 p.","ipdsId":"IP-171287","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496742,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1621298","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":496634,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -156.2635053313267,\n 20.047841438604692\n ],\n [\n -156.2635053313267,\n 19.356827231562278\n ],\n [\n -155.7474414544975,\n 19.356827231562278\n ],\n [\n -155.7474414544975,\n 20.047841438604692\n ],\n [\n -156.2635053313267,\n 20.047841438604692\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grossman, Eric E. 0000-0003-0269-6307 egrossman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0269-6307","contributorId":196610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grossman","given":"Eric","email":"egrossman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":950443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Oberle, Ferdinand K.J. 0000-0001-8871-3619","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8871-3619","contributorId":214402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oberle","given":"Ferdinand","middleInitial":"K.J.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":950444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Storlazzi, Curt D. 0000-0001-8057-4490","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8057-4490","contributorId":213610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Storlazzi","given":"Curt","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":950445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70273139,"text":"70273139 - 2025 - Assessing flood water infiltration and storage in a restored floodplain","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-16T15:30:48.761523","indexId":"70273139","displayToPublicDate":"2025-10-05T09:20:35","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":23098,"text":"Hydological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing flood water infiltration and storage in a restored floodplain","docAbstract":"In urban areas, floodplain restoration is gaining prominence as a strategy for restoring the natural functions of floodplain ecosystems and reducing flood risk. This has spurred research into potential interactions between floodwaters, the hyporheic zone, and the floodplain aquifer. An urban restored stream in Wisconsin, USA, was used as a case study to examine four methods to estimate floodplain infiltration and storage during overbank floods. We characterised flood-related infiltration over a 4-year period from 2018 through 2021 by simultaneously and continuously measuring groundwater levels and vertical temperature profiles with stream water levels linked to high-resolution flood inundation maps. High-resolution topographic data helped to quantify surface floodplain storage and the unsaturated soil volume relative to flood stage. Infiltration estimates from the simple methods align well with those from the more complex methods; however, the complex methods provide additional insights about the factors influencing infiltration. Results from all methods indicate that the volume of water that vertically infiltrates during floods is likely small relative to the total volume of the flood, with 0.08%–0.52% of flood water infiltrating into the floodplain, on average. Spatially variable vertical hydraulic gradients, driven by flood depth, groundwater level, and permeability, imply heterogeneous patterns of infiltration across the floodplain. Gradients favourable for infiltration typically occurred during the onset of flooding but, over the study period, were mostly (98% of the time) favourable for groundwater discharge to the channel (non-flood periods). These findings highlight the importance of considering surface-groundwater dynamics, floodplain soils, and unsaturated floodplain volume in defining the benefits of floodplain infiltration for flood attenuation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.70281","usgsCitation":"Corson-Dosch, N., Fitzpatrick, F., Juckem, P., Blount, J.D., and Ha, W.S., 2025, Assessing flood water infiltration and storage in a restored floodplain: Hydological Processes, v. 39, no. 10, e70281, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.70281.","productDescription":"e70281, 18 p.","ipdsId":"IP-141807","costCenters":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":497726,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.70281","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":497570,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Underwood Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.047778,\n 43.047222\n ],\n [\n -88.047778,\n 43.0375\n ],\n [\n -88.043333,\n 43.0375\n ],\n [\n -88.043333,\n 43.047222\n ],\n [\n -88.047778,\n 43.047222\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"39","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-10-05","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Corson-Dosch, Nicholas 0000-0002-6776-6241","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6776-6241","contributorId":202630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Corson-Dosch","given":"Nicholas","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fitzpatrick, Faith 0000-0002-9748-7075","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9748-7075","contributorId":209588,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fitzpatrick","given":"Faith","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Juckem, Paul 0000-0002-3613-1761 pfjuckem@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3613-1761","contributorId":214445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Juckem","given":"Paul","email":"pfjuckem@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Blount, James D. 0000-0002-0006-3947 jblount@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0006-3947","contributorId":200231,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blount","given":"James","email":"jblount@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ha, Wonsook S. 0000-0002-7252-698X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7252-698X","contributorId":266139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ha","given":"Wonsook","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70273513,"text":"70273513 - 2025 - Case study of deep learning image segmentation for the purposes of rapid 2D petrographic analysis in volcanic rocks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-22T14:31:14.015253","indexId":"70273513","displayToPublicDate":"2025-10-05T07:43:15","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7593,"text":"Volcanica","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Case study of deep learning image segmentation for the purposes of rapid 2D petrographic analysis in volcanic rocks","docAbstract":"Automation using deep learning methods is a useful alternative to manual methods of petrographic segmentation, but often requires user familiarity with coding and/or algorithms. We examine the DragonflyTM program's deep learning tools for application by users with a variety of skill levels as a method for petrographic image segmentation. An image processing methodology, bimodal image stacking, was created for low-input-data, high-efficacy training of models which can then be applied to varied samples. Using backscatter electron images we show that the resulting model segmentations agree with manual segmentation total and modal crystallinity values within 5%, and calculated plagioclase crystal size distribution (CSD) values within 2σ, despite limitations in discriminating mafic phases. Model creation and training takes <24 hours, 1–3 hours of which are supervised, and the resultant model can then be applied to new uncharacterized samples in <15 minutes per image. This allows for non-experts to create and utilize deep learning models to segment images of variable brightness and texture, at low user-time cost and resulting in size and shape data which are within uncertainty of manual segmentation. While some limitations are noted (for example, sieve-textured phases may need manual correction, and different minerals with similar BSE intensity may not be resolved as separate phases), this methodology can be utilized for general application of models to wide ranges of volcanic crystalline and bubble textures, and to create a library of models for rapid petrological analysis during volcanic eruptions.
","language":"English","publisher":"OJS/PKP","doi":"10.30909/vol/gsfc1696","usgsCitation":"Halverson, B.A., Loewen, M.W., Dietterich, H., and Whittington, A., 2025, Case study of deep learning image segmentation for the purposes of rapid 2D petrographic analysis in volcanic rocks: Volcanica, v. 8, no. 2, p. 427-443, https://doi.org/10.30909/vol/gsfc1696.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"427","endPage":"443","ipdsId":"IP-168707","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498931,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.30909/vol/gsfc1696","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":498793,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Bogoslof Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -169.2081935551017,\n 55.01025512098417\n ],\n [\n -169.2081935551017,\n 53.07434331835552\n ],\n [\n -165.56066240589334,\n 53.07434331835552\n ],\n [\n -165.56066240589334,\n 55.01025512098417\n ],\n [\n -169.2081935551017,\n 55.01025512098417\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"8","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-10-05","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Halverson, Brenna A. 0009-0009-7766-7384","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7766-7384","contributorId":365304,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Halverson","given":"Brenna","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":87127,"text":"University of Texas San Antonio","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loewen, Matthew W. 0000-0002-5621-285X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5621-285X","contributorId":213321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loewen","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dietterich, Hannah R. 0000-0001-7898-4343","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7898-4343","contributorId":212771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dietterich","given":"Hannah R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Whittington, Alan 0000-0003-2477-3043","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2477-3043","contributorId":365305,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Whittington","given":"Alan","affiliations":[{"id":87127,"text":"University of Texas San Antonio","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70273938,"text":"70273938 - 2025 - Pre-Acadian tectonics of the eastern Orange-Milford Belt, south-central Connecticut","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-18T15:29:02.070069","indexId":"70273938","displayToPublicDate":"2025-10-03T09:18:40","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Pre-Acadian tectonics of the eastern Orange-Milford Belt, south-central Connecticut","docAbstract":"This excursion presents a reinterpretation of mapping and new analytical data from the eastern Orange-Milford belt (OMB) in south-central Connecticut. The OMB is a fault-bound terrane of argillites and mafic rocks of anomalously low metamorphic grade—and of poorly constrained ages and tectonic affinity—wedged between kyanite/sillimanite-grade peri- Laurentian rocks to the west and anatectic peri-Gondwanan rocks to the east (Fig. 1A). Our data demonstrate that Ordovician(?) igneous and sedimentary rocks of the OMB were variably metamorphosed in the Ordovician and Silurian but escaped regionally pervasive, high-grade Devonian and later metamorphism. Previous interpretations (Fritts 1963a, 1965a, 1965b; Burger, 1967; Burger and others, 1968; Rodgers, 1985) described these rocks as a conformable sequence of low-grade, Ordovician to Devonian metasediments and metavolcanics. Our results reveal that the “metavolcanics” are not extrusive rocks but rather slivers of lower oceanic crust with complicated high- and low-grade metamorphic fabrics, intruded by a swarm of Silurian sheeted basalt dikes, and in fault contact with the surrounding metasediments. The purpose of this trip is to show evidence of early Paleozoic (Taconic) deformation and metamorphism preserved in rocks of the eastern OMB. These rocks remained shallow, cool, and sufficiently dry during the regionally dominant Acadian and Alleghanian orogenies to have avoided significant overprinting. As such, these rocks serve as windows into a geologic history otherwise unavailable between anatectic rocks of the peri-Gondwanan Bronson Hill, Avalon, and Gander terranes east of the Hartford basin and sillimanite-grade rocks of the peri-Laurentian Hartland and gneiss dome belts west of the OMB. We present major and trace element geochemistry including rare-earth element patterns for all mafic units in the eastern OMB as well as 40Ar/39Ar age spectra of amphibole, muscovite, and K-feldspar from rocks of the Maltby Lakes complex (of Deasy and others, 2017), Savin Schist, and Wepawaug Schist. Our evidence demonstrates that the units of the OMB have been assembled by faulting or intrusion, and that no stratigraphic relationships exist between the argillaceous schists and the metaigneous rocks.
","conferenceTitle":"The 116th Annual Meeting of the New England Intercollegiate Geological Conference","conferenceDate":"October 3-5, 2025","conferenceLocation":"New Haven, CT","language":"English","publisher":"New England Intercollegiate Geologic Conference","usgsCitation":"Deasy, R.T., Wintsch, R.P., Wathen, B., McAleer, R.J., Meyer, R., and Kunk, M.J., 2025, Pre-Acadian tectonics of the eastern Orange-Milford Belt, south-central Connecticut, The 116th Annual Meeting of the New England Intercollegiate Geological Conference, New Haven, CT, October 3-5, 2025, 28 p.","productDescription":"28 p.","ipdsId":"IP-180844","costCenters":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500140,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":500131,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.neigc.info/event-details/trip-c-tectonic-slivers-of-oceanic-crust-sheeted-dikes-and-sheared-gabbros-in-the-eastern-orange-milford-belt-connect"}],"country":"United States","state":"Connecticut","otherGeospatial":"Orange-Milford Belt","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -73.19443061248478,\n 41.40182493381846\n ],\n [\n -73.19443061248478,\n 41.14678441229245\n ],\n [\n -72.93204746185228,\n 41.14678441229245\n ],\n [\n -72.93204746185228,\n 41.40182493381846\n ],\n [\n -73.19443061248478,\n 41.40182493381846\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Deasy, Ryan T. 0000-0002-7530-803X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7530-803X","contributorId":299762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deasy","given":"Ryan","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":955820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wintsch, Robert P. 0000-0002-1969-5514","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1969-5514","contributorId":366404,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wintsch","given":"Robert","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":86055,"text":"Indiana University emeritus","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":955821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wathen, Bryan","contributorId":148990,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wathen","given":"Bryan","affiliations":[{"id":17608,"text":"Indiana Univesity","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":955822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McAleer, Ryan J. 0000-0003-3801-7441 rmcaleer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3801-7441","contributorId":215498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McAleer","given":"Ryan","email":"rmcaleer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":955823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Meyer, Romain","contributorId":148991,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meyer","given":"Romain","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17609,"text":"Deutsche GeoForchungsZentrum Potsdam","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":955824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kunk, Michael J.","contributorId":366405,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kunk","given":"Michael","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":7065,"text":"USGS emeritus","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":955825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70272077,"text":"70272077 - 2025 - Magma fragmentation and tephra deposition from a small-volume phreatomagmatic eruption: Blue Lake crater, Oregon, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-11-14T16:06:29.946987","indexId":"70272077","displayToPublicDate":"2025-10-03T08:46:28","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1109,"text":"Bulletin of Volcanology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Magma fragmentation and tephra deposition from a small-volume phreatomagmatic eruption: Blue Lake crater, Oregon, USA","docAbstract":"Maars pose considerable hazards due to their more explosive nature (compared with more common scoria cones) and likelihood that eruptions produce pyroclastic surges. Blue Lake crater is a maar in the Oregon High Cascades that erupted within the last 3000 years, making it one of the youngest eruptions in the Oregon Cascades. Its young, unaltered deposits make it an excellent site to examine the relationship between fragmentation processes and ash characteristics. This paper presents an extensive data set of grain size, componentry, texture, particle morphology, and surface features for 23 samples from 17 layers from Blue Lake crater to better understand fragmentation style and eruptive dynamics over the course of the eruption. We present detailed stratigraphy from 22 tephra pits and analyze tephra samples following a standardized method. An improved isopach map and a new isopleth map show the extensive, ENE-trending fallout and surge deposits. Based on the tephra sheet, the eruption can be divided into three phases, starting with a phreatomagmatic phase that produced laterally extensive, lithic-rich fallout deposits and excavated the initial crater. The middle phase of the eruption produced phreatomagmatically fragmented intercalated fallout and surge deposits. The eruption closed with coarse grained fallout deposits with a declining lithic content, indicating a shift towards a hybrid or phreato-Strombolian style. This detailed examination of the deposits leads to a more nuanced explanation of the eruption and fragmentation dynamics, which contribute to a better understanding of maar eruption processes and hazards.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1007/s00445-025-01857-6","usgsCitation":"Leiter, S., Ross, P., and Johnson, E.R., 2025, Magma fragmentation and tephra deposition from a small-volume phreatomagmatic eruption: Blue Lake crater, Oregon, USA: Bulletin of Volcanology, no. 87, 92, 27 p., https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-025-01857-6.","productDescription":"92, 27 p.","ipdsId":"IP-175655","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496489,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Blue Lake crater","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.87499438259134,\n 44.522898198963645\n ],\n [\n -121.87499438259134,\n 44.51967210758181\n ],\n [\n -121.87067741535604,\n 44.51967210758181\n ],\n [\n -121.87067741535604,\n 44.522898198963645\n ],\n [\n -121.87499438259134,\n 44.522898198963645\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","issue":"87","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leiter, Sophia","contributorId":362099,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leiter","given":"Sophia","affiliations":[{"id":86462,"text":"Eau Terre Environnement Research Centre","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ross, Pierre-Simon","contributorId":362100,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ross","given":"Pierre-Simon","affiliations":[{"id":86462,"text":"Eau Terre Environnement Research Centre","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, Emily Renee 0000-0002-7967-6913","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7967-6913","contributorId":269628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Emily","email":"","middleInitial":"Renee","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":950002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70272967,"text":"70272967 - 2025 - UAS and high-resolution satellite imagery improve the accuracy of cheatgrass detection across an invaded Yellowstone landscape","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-11T14:57:10.87794","indexId":"70272967","displayToPublicDate":"2025-10-03T07:48:38","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2602,"text":"Landscape Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"UAS and high-resolution satellite imagery improve the accuracy of cheatgrass detection across an invaded Yellowstone landscape","docAbstract":"Context
Cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum L.) is a problem across the western United States, where it outcompetes and replaces native grass species, alters habitats, and increases the risk of wildfires. Cheatgrass greens up earlier in the growing season compared to native grasses, making it classifiable with multi-temporal and multi-spectral remote sensing.
Objectives
We mapped cheatgrass at different scales in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem using 10-m Sentinel-2 imagery, 3-m PlanetScope, and 10-cm Uncrewed Aerial Systems (UAS) imagery. We compared these maps to field-collected data to address 1) variation in seasonal phenological signals of native and cheatgrass patches, 2) the influence of scale on detectability and map accuracy across our study area.
Results
Model accuracy to predict cheatgrass presence increased with imagery resolution and ranged from 83% using 10-m Sentinel-2 to 94% with the integration of PlanetScope and UAS imagery. While there was spatial agreement across models, the fusion of UAS data with satellite sources allowed the detection of small cheatgrass with more precision. Our novel use of NExR and dNExR (a redness and differenced redness index) data in the classification of cheatgrass capitalizes on the senescence of cheatgrass during peak summer periods where cloud free imagery is more prevalent.
Conclusions
Our satellite and UAS-based models of cheatgrass prediction compare the fusion of very high resolution imagery and phenological time differencing to identify infested areas. Tradeoffs between accuracy and expense lead to important questions for management applications.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1007/s10980-025-02200-2","usgsCitation":"Kreitler, J.R., Von Nonn, J.W., Munson, S.M., Zaideman, A.C., Bekedam, S.T., Rodman, A., and Villarreal, M., 2025, UAS and high-resolution satellite imagery improve the accuracy of cheatgrass detection across an invaded Yellowstone landscape: Landscape Ecology, v. 40, 189, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-025-02200-2.","productDescription":"189, 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-171263","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":497380,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-025-02200-2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":497321,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","city":"Gardiner","otherGeospatial":"northern gate to Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.74822627648368,\n 45.036818856935014\n ],\n [\n -110.74822627648368,\n 44.9980588003821\n ],\n [\n -110.6517700780241,\n 44.9980588003821\n ],\n [\n -110.6517700780241,\n 45.036818856935014\n ],\n [\n -110.74822627648368,\n 45.036818856935014\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"40","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kreitler, Jason R. 0000-0002-0243-5281 jkreitler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0243-5281","contributorId":4050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kreitler","given":"Jason","email":"jkreitler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Von Nonn, Joshua W. 0009-0003-7251-7308","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7251-7308","contributorId":332293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Von Nonn","given":"Joshua","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Munson, Seth M. 0000-0002-2736-6374 smunson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2736-6374","contributorId":220026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Munson","given":"Seth","email":"smunson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zaideman, Alex C.","contributorId":363745,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zaideman","given":"Alex","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13367,"text":"National Parks Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":951919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bekedam, Steven T.","contributorId":363746,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bekedam","given":"Steven","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":13367,"text":"National Parks Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":951920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rodman, Ann","contributorId":150932,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rodman","given":"Ann","affiliations":[{"id":6924,"text":"National Park Service, Upper Columbia Basin Network","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":951921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Villarreal, Miguel L. 0000-0003-0720-1422 mvillarreal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0720-1422","contributorId":214980,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Villarreal","given":"Miguel","email":"mvillarreal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70274009,"text":"70274009 - 2025 - Mechanisms influencing thermal refuges and territory occupancy by collared pikas during summer and winter","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-23T17:34:57.783598","indexId":"70274009","displayToPublicDate":"2025-10-02T10:29:41","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":899,"text":"Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mechanisms influencing thermal refuges and territory occupancy by collared pikas during summer and winter","docAbstract":"Collared pikas (Ochotona collaris) are cold adapted alpine lagomorphs of western Canada and Alaska, USA, that are vulnerable to direct and indirect effects of climate change. However, how and to what extent such changes influence persistence for this species is not well understood, particularly at fine spatial scales. Our goal was to evaluate how microclimate and microhabitat characteristics influence occupancy of collared pikas. We quantified thermal conditions during both summer and winter to test hypotheses about potential drivers of pika persistence. We recorded den occupancy and territory characteristics, including in situ measurements of den microclimate, across three study areas with contrasting climate gradients in southcentral and interior Alaska during 2017–2022. We examined changes in pika den occurrence by estimating annual colonization and extinction rates with a Bayesian dynamic occurrence model with forage availability, rock size, and multiple den temperature metrics as the explanatory variables. Our top model indicated that daily maximum temperature during both summer and winter best predicted den persistence and larger rocks had a moderating effect on warm summer den temperatures. This information helps to advance understanding about the mechanistic links between climate and population persistence for small mammal species under a rapidly changing arctic climate.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/15230430.2025.2502161","usgsCitation":"Harrison, L.A., Christie, K.S., Brandt, C., Falcy, M.R., Gilbert, S.L., Rachlow, J.L., 2025, Mechanisms influencing thermal refuges and territory occupancy by collared pikas during summer and winter: Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research, v. 57, no. 1, 2502161, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1080/15230430.2025.2502161.","productDescription":"2502161, 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-179160","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500594,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15230430.2025.2502161","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":500431,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.45653673679158,\n 62.833897716435274\n ],\n [\n -154.87402485631074,\n 60.0726821448782\n ],\n [\n -149.37753560622093,\n 60.9339172578167\n ],\n [\n -141.32845624709518,\n 59.98407037941388\n ],\n [\n -140.91038491440708,\n 62.78570300568498\n ],\n [\n -148.1580130001717,\n 64.18918315969188\n ],\n [\n -155.45653673679158,\n 62.833897716435274\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"57","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harrison, Lillian A.","contributorId":366637,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harrison","given":"Lillian","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":36394,"text":"University of Idaho","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Christie, Katherine S.","contributorId":366638,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Christie","given":"Katherine","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":7058,"text":"Alaska Department of Fish and Game","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brandt, Collette","contributorId":366639,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brandt","given":"Collette","affiliations":[{"id":87498,"text":"Joint Base Elmendorf-Richardson","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Falcy, Matthew Richard 0000-0002-3332-2239","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3332-2239","contributorId":288500,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Falcy","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"Richard","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":956117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gilbert, Sophie L.","contributorId":366640,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gilbert","given":"Sophie","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":87499,"text":"Vibrant Planet PBC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rachlow, Janet L.","contributorId":366641,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rachlow","given":"Janet","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":36394,"text":"University of Idaho","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70272669,"text":"70272669 - 2025 - Monitoring Pacific walrus coastal haulouts by satellite to estimate herd abundance and distribution","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-07T17:33:27.413096","indexId":"70272669","displayToPublicDate":"2025-10-02T10:23:23","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Monitoring Pacific walrus coastal haulouts by satellite to estimate herd abundance and distribution","docAbstract":"The Pacific walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens) has a single, panmictic stock that ranges across the Bering and Chukchi Seas. However, its seasonal distribution is incompletely described, particularly in autumn when herds gather on shore, and abundance is of interest to management entities. We monitored walrus herds using satellite imagery on shore across their summer and autumn range in the Chukchi Sea to provide insights on seasonal distribution and abundance. During each study year (2017–2024), we documented walrus herd abundance at 8 Chukchi Sea haulouts based on the herd area detected in satellite imagery multiplied by herd density estimates derived from aerial survey data. In contrast to historical seasonal use, we found large herds on shore at only 3 sites, 1 in Alaska and 2 in northern Chukotka (Russia). In 2022, we observed a very large herd with an abundance (and 90% prediction interval) of 184,000 (min–max = 153,000–214,000) northwest of the Bering Strait, which enabled us to estimate a minimum population size (Nmin) by correcting the abundance estimate by the proportion of walruses that may be hauled out and available for detection. Our estimate of 250,000 was commensurate with the Nmin estimate (214,000) from a 2013–2017 Pacific walrus genetic mark-recapture study.
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To better understand potential streamflow trends over time, the U.S. Geological Survey completed a study comparing low flows at continuous- and partial-record streamgages in New Jersey between a historical period (1950–79) and a current period (1990–2019). Fourteen statistics (one median for each of the twelve monthly minimum 1-day flows, minimum 7-day average streamflow with a 10-year recurrence interval, and median of the daily mean flows for the month of September) were calculated to evaluate how streamflow conditions may differ between the two time periods. Percent change was also calculated to better understand the magnitude of difference between the periods at individual streamgages. A Paired Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test was implemented to test for a change in distribution between the two time periods for each statistic of interest. Results indicated that the median of the minimum 1-day flows for the months of January, February, June, September, and December and the median of the daily mean flows for the month of September had a statistically significant difference in distribution between the time periods for continuous-record streamgages. None of the statistics had a statistically significant difference in distribution for the partial-record streamgages. The largest percent changes between time periods occurred in the northern part of the state, above the Fall Line. Precipitation, land cover, and water use changes were assessed to contribute to the understanding of these differences between time periods. The median of the minimum 1-day flows for the months of January and December generally increased across the state, whereas the median of the minimum 1-day flows for the months of May and September generally decreased throughout the state.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20255061","collaboration":"New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection","usgsCitation":"Williams, B.M., Sullivan, S.L., Suro, T.P., Collenburg, J.V., McHugh, A.R., and Shourds, J.L., 2025, Statistical streamflow comparison of current and historical 30-year periods for selected streams in New Jersey: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2025–5061, 40 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20255061.","productDescription":"Report, ix, 40 p.; 2 Data Releases","numberOfPages":"40","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-164588","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":497794,"rank":8,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_118975.htm"},{"id":496622,"rank":7,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9IGMJGU","text":"USGS Data 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Jersey\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","contact":"Director, New Jersey Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3450 Princeton Pike, Suite 110
Lawrenceville, NJ 08648
The National Land Cover Database (NLCD), developed through the Multi-Resolution Land Characteristics Consortium, was initiated 30 years ago and has continually provided critical, Landsat-based landcover and land-change information for the United States. Originally launched to address the lack of national-scale, moderate-resolution land-cover data, NLCD has evolved from the pioneering 1992 dataset into a comprehensive, annually updated product suite. Key innovations include the introduction of impervious surface mapping, forest canopy mapping, standardized Landsat mosaics, national-scale accuracy assessments, continual evolution of deep learning and artificial intelligence methodologies, and a transition toward operational, change-focused monitoring. The NLCD has become an essential resource for scientific research, land management, and policy development, with extensive adoption across federal, state, and local agencies; academia; and the private sector. The NLCD data underpin a wide array of applications, including biodiversity conservation, urban planning, hydrology, human health studies, and natural hazard assessment. As new global and high-resolution commercial land-cover products emerge, the NLCD continues to distinguish itself through its temporal depth, federal backing, and thematic consistency. Moving forward, the NLCD will maintain its niche as the leading, moderate-resolution, long-term land-cover and land-change dataset for the United States, ensuring continued support for broad national applications while complementing higher-resolution and global-mapping efforts.
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