{"pageNumber":"3108","pageRowStart":"77675","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184828,"records":[{"id":70023433,"text":"70023433 - 2001 - Wisconsin Glaciation of the Sierra Nevada (79,000-15,000 yr B.P.) as recorded by rock flour in sediments of Owens Lake, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:01","indexId":"70023433","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3218,"text":"Quaternary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Wisconsin Glaciation of the Sierra Nevada (79,000-15,000 yr B.P.) as recorded by rock flour in sediments of Owens Lake, California","docAbstract":"Chemical analyses of the clay-sized fractions of 564 continuous sediment samples (200-yr resolution) from composite core OL90/92 allow quantification of an abundance of glacial rock flour. Rock flour produced during glacier advances is represented by clay-sized plagioclase, K-feldspar, and biotite in homogeneous internal composition. The abundance of rock flour is deemed proportional to the intensity of glacies advances. Age control for the composite section is provided by combining previously published radiocarbon dates on organics, U/Th dates on ostracode shells, and U/Th dates on saline minerals from nearby Searles Lake correlated to OL92 by pollen. The rock flour record displays three levels of variability: (1) a dominant one of about 20,000 yr related to summer insolation and precipitation; (2) an intermediate one of 3000-5000 yr, perhaps related to North Atlantic Heinrich events; and (3) a minor one of 1000-2000 yr, perhaps related to North Atlantic thermohaline-driven air-temperature variation. ?? 2001 University of Washington.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1006/qres.2000.2183","issn":"00335894","usgsCitation":"Bischoff, J.L., and Cummins, K., 2001, Wisconsin Glaciation of the Sierra Nevada (79,000-15,000 yr B.P.) as recorded by rock flour in sediments of Owens Lake, California: Quaternary Research, v. 55, no. 1, p. 14-24, https://doi.org/10.1006/qres.2000.2183.","startPage":"14","endPage":"24","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207298,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1006/qres.2000.2183"},{"id":232129,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"55","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd16be4b08c986b32f401","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bischoff, J. L.","contributorId":28969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bischoff","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cummins, K.","contributorId":97280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cummins","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70023437,"text":"70023437 - 2001 - Selection of habitats by Emperor Geese during brood rearing","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-19T20:09:24","indexId":"70023437","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3731,"text":"Waterbirds","onlineIssn":"19385390","printIssn":"15244695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Selection of habitats by Emperor Geese during brood rearing","docAbstract":"Although forage quality strongly affects gosling growth and consequently juvenile survival, the relative use of different plant communities by brood rearing geese has been poorly studied. On the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska, population growth and juvenile recruitment of Emperor Geese (Chen canagica) are comparatively low, and it is unknown whether their selection of habitats during brood rearing differs from other goose species. Radio-telemetry was used to document the use of habitats by 56 families of Emperor Geese in a 70 km2 portion of the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta during brood rearing in 1994-1996. When contrasted with available habitats (a set of six habitat classes), as estimated from 398 random sampling locations, Emperor Geese strongly selected Saline Ponds, Mudflat, and Ramenskii Meadow habitats and avoided Levee Meadow, Bog Meadow, and Sedge Meadow. These selected habitats were the most saline, comprised one-third of the study area, and 43% of all locations were in Ramenskii Meadow. I contrasted these Emperor Goose locations with habitats used by the composite goose community, as inferred from the presence of goose feces at random locations. The marked difference between groups in this comparison implied that Cackling Canada Geese (Branta canadensis minima) and Greater White-fronted Geese (Anser albifrons) collectively selected much different brood rearing habitats than Emperor Geese. Received 20 February 2001, accepted 18 April 2001.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Waterbirds","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"07386028","usgsCitation":"Schmutz, J.A., 2001, Selection of habitats by Emperor Geese during brood rearing: Waterbirds, v. 24, no. 3, p. 394-401.","startPage":"394","endPage":"401","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232171,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8cd0e4b08c986b318145","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmutz, Joel A. 0000-0002-6516-0836 jschmutz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-0836","contributorId":1805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmutz","given":"Joel","email":"jschmutz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":397656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70023438,"text":"70023438 - 2001 - Catchment-scale variation in the nitrate concentrations of groundwater seeps in the Catskill Mountains, New York, U.S.A.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:00","indexId":"70023438","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3728,"text":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","onlineIssn":"1573-2932","printIssn":"0049-6979","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Catchment-scale variation in the nitrate concentrations of groundwater seeps in the Catskill Mountains, New York, U.S.A.","docAbstract":"Forested headwater streams in the Catskill Mountains of New York show significant among-catchment variability in mean annual nitrate (NO3-) concentrations. Large contributions from deep groundwater with high NO3- concentrations have been invoked to explain high NO3- concentrations in stream water during the growing season. To determine whether variable contributions of groundwater could explain among-catchment differences in streamwater, we measured NO3- concentrations in 58 groundwater seeps distributed across six catchments known to have different annual average streamwater concentrations. Seeps were identified based on release from bedrock fractures and bedding planes and had consistently lower temperatures than adjacent streamwaters. Nitrate concentrations in seeps ranged from near detection limits (0.005 mg NO3--N/L) to 0.75 mg NO3--N/L. Within individual catchments, groundwater residence time does not seem to strongly affect NO3- concentrations because in three out of four catchments there were non-significant correlations between seep silica (SiO2) concentrations, a proxy for residence time, and seep NO3- concentrations. Across catchments, there was a significant but weak negative relationship between NO3- and SiO2 concentrations. The large range in NO3- concentrations of seeps across catchments suggests: 1) the principal process generating among-catchment differences in streamwater NO3- concentrations must influence water before it enters the groundwater flow system and 2) this process must act at large spatial scales because among-catchment variability is much greater than intra-catchment variability. Differences in the quantity of groundwater contribution to stream baseflow are not sufficient to account for differences in streamwater NO3- concentrations among catchments in the Catskill Mountains.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water, Air, and Soil Pollution","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1023/A:1013268004513","issn":"00496979","usgsCitation":"West, A., Findlay, S., Burns, D.A., Weathers, K., and Lovett, G., 2001, Catchment-scale variation in the nitrate concentrations of groundwater seeps in the Catskill Mountains, New York, U.S.A.: Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, v. 132, no. 3-4, p. 389-400, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1013268004513.","startPage":"389","endPage":"400","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207340,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1013268004513"},{"id":232208,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"132","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f3cde4b0c8380cd4b987","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"West, A.J.","contributorId":6224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"West","given":"A.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Findlay, S.E.G.","contributorId":10531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Findlay","given":"S.E.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burns, Douglas A. 0000-0001-6516-2869","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6516-2869","contributorId":29450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burns","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Weathers, K.C.","contributorId":41378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weathers","given":"K.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lovett, Gary M.","contributorId":85990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lovett","given":"Gary M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70023439,"text":"70023439 - 2001 - Mineralogy of the last lunar basalts: Results from Clementine","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-02T17:53:11.119293","indexId":"70023439","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2317,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mineralogy of the last lunar basalts: Results from Clementine","docAbstract":"<p><span>The last major phase of lunar volcanism produced extensive high-titanium mare deposits on the western nearside which remain unsampled by landing missions. The visible and near-infrared reflectance properties of these basalts are examined using Clementine multispectral images to better constrain their mineralogy. A much stronger 1 μm ferrous absorption was observed for the western high-titanium basalts than within earlier maria, suggesting that these last major mare eruptions also may have been the most iron-rich. These western basalts also have a distinctly long-wavelength, 1 μm ferrous absorption which was found to be similar for both surface soils and materials excavated from depth, supporting the interpretation of abundant olivine within these deposits. Spectral variation along flows within the Imbrium basin also suggests variations in ilmenite content along previously mapped lava flows as well as increasing olivine content within subsequent eruptions.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2000JE001387","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Staid, M., and Pieters, C., 2001, Mineralogy of the last lunar basalts: Results from Clementine: Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets, v. 106, no. E11, p. 27887-27900, https://doi.org/10.1029/2000JE001387.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"27887","endPage":"27900","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":478925,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2000je001387","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":232209,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Moon","volume":"106","issue":"E11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5ad8e4b0c8380cd6f181","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Staid, M.I.","contributorId":76505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Staid","given":"M.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pieters, C.M.","contributorId":48733,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pieters","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16929,"text":"Brown University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":397662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70023457,"text":"70023457 - 2001 - Lithodiversity and its spatial association with metallic mineral sites, Great Basin of Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-22T19:08:19.080634","indexId":"70023457","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2832,"text":"Natural Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1573-8981","printIssn":"1520-7439","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lithodiversity and its spatial association with metallic mineral sites, Great Basin of Nevada","docAbstract":"<p><span>Geographical information system (GIS) techniques were used to investigate the spatial association between metallic mineral sites and lithodiversity in Nevada. Mineral site data sets include various size and type subsets of about 5,500 metal-bearing occurrences and deposits. Lithodiversity was calculated by counting the number of unique geological map units within four sizes of square-shaped sample neighborhoods (2.5-by-2.5, 5-by-5, 10-by-10, and 20-by-20 km) on three different scales of geological maps (national, 1:2,500,000; state, 1:500,000; county, 1:250,000). The spatial association between mineral sites and lithodiversity was observed to increase with increasing lithodiversity. This relationship is consistent for (1) both basin-range and range-only regions, (2) four sizes of sample neighborhoods, (3) various mineral site subsets, (4) the three scales of geological maps, and (5) areas not covered by large-scale maps. A map scale of 1:500,000 and lithodiversity sampling neighborhood of 5-by-5 km was determined to best describe the association. Positive associations occurred for areas having &gt;3 geological map units per neighborhood, with the strongest observed at approximately &gt;7 units. Areas in Nevada with more than three geological map units per 5-by-5 km neighborhood contain more mineral sites than would be expected resulting from chance. High lithodiversity likely reflects the occurrence of complex structural, stratigraphic, and intrusive relationships that are thought to control, focus, localize, or expose mineralization. The application of lithodiversity measurements to areas that are not well explored may help delineate regional-scale exploration targets and provide GIS-supported mineral resource assessment and exploration activity another method that makes use of widely available geological map data.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1023/A:1012569225111","issn":"15207439","usgsCitation":"Mihalasky, M., and Bonham-Carter, G.F., 2001, Lithodiversity and its spatial association with metallic mineral sites, Great Basin of Nevada: Natural Resources Research, v. 10, no. 3, p. 209-226, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1012569225111.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"209","endPage":"226","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232527,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Great Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -116.30253929528,\n              36.31974362640953\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.9562068978177,\n              36.442506812478015\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.67056236656772,\n              36.891932970588755\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.46182213219298,\n              37.03238787814462\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.79165611656788,\n              37.198841287861526\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.54995689781774,\n              37.48707380681229\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.04458580406789,\n              37.548071719773205\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.01738304528034,\n              42.00743165806438\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.89604515465514,\n              41.999267654974176\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.41240257653014,\n              41.425186214732406\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.84086937340511,\n              41.30150208401204\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.5000490609051,\n              41.991102604355916\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.0159182015303,\n              41.999267654974176\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.00493187340493,\n              38.98094835885698\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.30253929528,\n              36.31974362640953\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"10","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4832e4b0c8380cd67cab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mihalasky, M.J. 0000-0002-0082-3029","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0082-3029","contributorId":40759,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mihalasky","given":"M.J.","affiliations":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":397722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bonham-Carter, G. F.","contributorId":39137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonham-Carter","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1008263,"text":"1008263 - 2001 - Guidelines for the field evaluation of desert tortoise health and disease","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-30T10:32:51","indexId":"1008263","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Guidelines for the field evaluation of desert tortoise health and disease","docAbstract":"<p><span>Field evaluation of free-ranging wildlife requires the systematic documentation of a variety of environmental conditions and individual parameters of health and disease, particularly in the case of rare or endangered species. In addition, defined criteria are needed for the humane salvage of ill or dying animals. The purpose of this paper is to describe, in detail, the preparation, procedures, and protocols we developed and tested for the field evaluation of wild desert tortoises (</span><i>Gopherus agassizii</i><span>). These guidelines describe: preparations for the field, including developing familiarity with tortoise behavior and ecology, and preparation of standardized data sheets; journal notes to document background data on weather conditions, temperature, rainfall, locality, and historic and recent human activities; procedures to prevent the spread of disease and parasites; data sheets for live tortoises to record tortoise identification, location, sex, body measurements and activity; health profile forms for documenting and grading physical abnormalities of tortoise posture and movements, general condition (e.g., lethargy, cachexia), external parasites, and clinical abnormalities associated with shell and upper respiratory diseases; permanent photographic records for the retrospective analysis of progression and regression of upper respiratory and eye diseases, analysis of shell lesions and evaluation of growth and age; and indications and methods for salvaging ill or dying tortoises for necropsy evaluation. These guidelines, tested on 5,000 to 20,000 tortoises over a 10 to 27 yr period, were designed to maximize acquisition of data for demographic, ecological, health and disease research projects; to reduce handling and stress of individual animals; to avoid spread of infectious disease; to promote high quality and consistent data sets; and to reduce the duration and number of field trips. The field methods are adapted for desert tortoise life cycle, behavior, anatomy, physiology, and pertinent disease; however the model is applicable to other species of reptiles. Comprehensive databases of clinical signs of disease and health are crucial to research endeavors and essential to decisions on captive release, epidemiology of disease, translocation of wild tortoises, breeding programs, and euthanasia.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/0090-3558-37.3.427","usgsCitation":"Berry, K.H., and Christopher, M.M., 2001, Guidelines for the field evaluation of desert tortoise health and disease: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 37, no. 3, p. 427-450, https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-37.3.427.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"427","endPage":"450","numberOfPages":"24","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478972,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.7589/0090-3558-37.3.427","text":"External Repository"},{"id":130818,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"37","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a82e4b07f02db64ae0e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berry, Kristin H. 0000-0003-1591-8394 kristin_berry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1591-8394","contributorId":437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berry","given":"Kristin","email":"kristin_berry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":317192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Christopher, Mary M.","contributorId":44473,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christopher","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70023458,"text":"70023458 - 2001 - Results From a Channel Restoration Project: Hydraulic Design Considerations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:10","indexId":"70023458","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Results From a Channel Restoration Project: Hydraulic Design Considerations","docAbstract":"Techniques for the hydraulic restoration of placer-mined streams and floodplains were developed in Denali National Park and Preserve, Alaska. The two-year study at Glen Creek focused on a design of stream and floodplain geometry using hydraulic capacity and shear stress equations. Slope and sinuosity values were based on regional relationships. Design requirements included a channel capacity for a bankfull discharge and a floodplain capacity for a 1.5- to 100-year discharge. Several bio-engineering techniques using alder and willow, including anchored brush bars, streambank hedge layering, seedlings, and cuttings, were tested to dissipate floodwater energy and encourage sediment deposition until natural revegetation stabilized the new floodplains. Permanently monumented cross-sections installed throughout the project site were surveyed every one to three years. Nine years after the project began, a summer flood caused substantial damage to the channel form, including a change in width/depth ratio, slope, and thalweg location. Many of the alder brush bars were heavily damaged or destroyed, resulting in significant bank erosion. This paper reviews the original hydraulic design process, and describes changes to the channel and floodplain geometry over time, based on nine years of cross-section surveys.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 2001 Wetlands Engineering and River Restoration Conference","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the 2001 Wetlands Engineering and River Restoration Conference","conferenceDate":"27 August 2001 through 31 August 2001","conferenceLocation":"Reno, NV","language":"English","isbn":"0784405816","usgsCitation":"Karle, K., and Densmore, R., 2001, Results From a Channel Restoration Project: Hydraulic Design Considerations, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the 2001 Wetlands Engineering and River Restoration Conference, Reno, NV, 27 August 2001 through 31 August 2001, p. 1127-1138.","startPage":"1127","endPage":"1138","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232528,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aaaece4b0c8380cd865d6","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Hayes D.F.Hayes D.F.","contributorId":128356,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Hayes D.F.Hayes D.F.","id":536501,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Karle, K.F.","contributorId":18141,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karle","given":"K.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Densmore, R.V.","contributorId":72953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Densmore","given":"R.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70023460,"text":"70023460 - 2001 - Mucous lysozyme levels in hatchery coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and spring chinook salmon (O. tshawytscha) early in the parr-smolt transformation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-26T14:22:24","indexId":"70023460","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":853,"text":"Aquaculture","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mucous lysozyme levels in hatchery coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and spring chinook salmon (O. tshawytscha) early in the parr-smolt transformation","docAbstract":"<p>Mucous lysozyme concentrations were determined in juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and spring chinook salmon (O. tshawytscha) to establish reference levels during the time associated with the parr-smolt transformation. The first reported naris and vent mucous lysozyme levels are provided for spring chinook salmon and coho salmon. Naris mucous lysozyme levels ranged between 300 and 700 ??g ml-1, vent mucous lysozyme from 100 to 300 ??g ml-1, and skin mucous lysozyme levels were below 130 ??g ml-1. Lysozyme levels in the two species showed the same relationship with the highest levels in naris mucous, and the lowest in skin mucous. A seasonal decrease occurred in both species with a significant decrease in naris mucous lysozyme between February and March. Gill ATPase levels used to monitor smolt development during the same period did not reach ranges reported for smolts for either species during emigration. Identification of seasonal levels of lysozyme activity in mucous provides an alternative determination of developmental status prior to release of fish from the hatchery when salmonids are still undergoing the parr-smolt transformation. ?? 2001 Elsevier Science B.V.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0044-8486(00)00585-8","issn":"00448486","usgsCitation":"Schrock, R., Smith, S., Maule, A., Doulos, S., and Rockowski, J., 2001, Mucous lysozyme levels in hatchery coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and spring chinook salmon (O. tshawytscha) early in the parr-smolt transformation: Aquaculture, v. 198, no. 1-2, p. 169-177, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0044-8486(00)00585-8.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"169","endPage":"177","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":232569,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":207536,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0044-8486(00)00585-8"}],"volume":"198","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5f81e4b0c8380cd70fc5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schrock, R. M.","contributorId":27218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schrock","given":"R. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, S.D.","contributorId":49749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"S.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Maule, A.G.","contributorId":45067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maule","given":"A.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Doulos, S.K.","contributorId":56003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doulos","given":"S.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rockowski, J.J.","contributorId":53988,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rockowski","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70023461,"text":"70023461 - 2001 - Formation and transport of the sulfonic acid metabolites of alachlor and metolachlor in soil","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-30T06:32:50","indexId":"70023461","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Formation and transport of the sulfonic acid metabolites of alachlor and metolachlor in soil","docAbstract":"<div class=\"hlFld-Abstract\"><div id=\"abstractBox\"><p class=\"articleBody_abstractText\">Alachlor and metolachlor are dechlorinated and transformed into their corresponding ethane sulfonic acid (ESA) metabolites in soil. In a field-disappearance study, it was shown that alachlor ESA was formed at a faster rate and at concentrations 2−4 times higher than metolachlor ESA, conforming with the observed longer disappearance half-life of metolachlor (15.5 d) in the field as compared to alachlor (8 d). Runoff data also showed higher concentrations of alachlor ESA as compared to metolachlor ESA, even though they were applied at the same levels. Data from soil cores showed transport of the ESA compounds in soil to as far down as 75−90 cm below the surface, at concentrations ranging from less than 0.5 μg/L to about 50 μg/L. In contrast, no parent herbicide was detected at these depths. This observation correlates with the higher log<span>&nbsp;</span><i>K</i><sub>oc</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>values for alachlor (3.33) and metolachlor (3.01) relative to their corresponding ESA metabolites, alachlor ESA (2.26), and metolachlor ESA (2.29).</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es991264s","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Aga, D., and Thurman, E., 2001, Formation and transport of the sulfonic acid metabolites of alachlor and metolachlor in soil: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 35, no. 12, p. 2455-2460, https://doi.org/10.1021/es991264s.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"2455","endPage":"2460","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":232606,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":207556,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es991264s"}],"volume":"35","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2001-04-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a134ae4b0c8380cd545c6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aga, D.S.","contributorId":18521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aga","given":"D.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thurman, E.M.","contributorId":102864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thurman","given":"E.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1008267,"text":"1008267 - 2001 - Varied ecosystems need different fire protection","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-30T09:38:05","indexId":"1008267","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Varied ecosystems need different fire protection","docAbstract":"<p><span>Covington states in his Commentary</span><sup><a href=\"http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v409/n6823/full/409977b0.html#B1\" data-mce-href=\"http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v409/n6823/full/409977b0.html#B1\">1</a></sup><span> that the open ponderosa pine forests of the western United States are \"in widespread collapse\" because fire suppression by humans has eliminated the low-intensity surface fire regime that maintained the open, park-like structure of these forests. He fears this will lead to an \"unprecedented\" crown fire regime that will eliminate forests.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/35059312","usgsCitation":"Gutsell, S.L., Johnson, E.A., Miyanishi, K., Keeley, J.E., Dickinson, M., and Bridge, S.R., 2001, Varied ecosystems need different fire protection: Nature, v. 409, p. 977-977, https://doi.org/10.1038/35059312.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"977","endPage":"977","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478863,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/35059312","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":131088,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"409","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a14e4b07f02db602a7a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gutsell, Sheri L.","contributorId":175051,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gutsell","given":"Sheri","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Edward A. ejohnson@usgs.gov","contributorId":50836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Edward","email":"ejohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":317208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miyanishi, Kiyoko","contributorId":175052,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miyanishi","given":"Kiyoko","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Keeley, Jon E. 0000-0002-4564-6521 jon_keeley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4564-6521","contributorId":1268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keeley","given":"Jon","email":"jon_keeley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":317207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dickinson, Matthew","contributorId":175053,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dickinson","given":"Matthew","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bridge, Simon R. J.","contributorId":175054,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bridge","given":"Simon","email":"","middleInitial":"R. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70023462,"text":"70023462 - 2001 - Trends in Northern Hemisphere surface cyclone frequency and intensity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:10","indexId":"70023462","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2216,"text":"Journal of Climate","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trends in Northern Hemisphere surface cyclone frequency and intensity","docAbstract":"One of the hypothesized effects of global warming from increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases is a change in the frequency and/or intensity of extratropical cyclones. In this study, winter frequencies and intensities of extratropical cyclones in the Northern Hemisphere for the period 1959-97 are examined to determine if identifiable trends are occurring. Results indicate a statistically significant decrease in midlatitude cyclone frequency and a significant increase in high-latitude cyclone frequency. In addition, storm intensity has increased in both the high and midlatitudes. The changes in storm frequency correlate with changes in winter Northern Hemisphere temperature and support hypotheses that global warming may result in a northward shift of storm tracks in the Northern Hemisphere.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Climate","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"08948755","usgsCitation":"McCabe, G., Clark, M., and Serreze, M.C., 2001, Trends in Northern Hemisphere surface cyclone frequency and intensity: Journal of Climate, v. 14, no. 12, p. 2763-2768.","startPage":"2763","endPage":"2768","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232607,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb7d8e4b08c986b327503","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCabe, G.J. 0000-0002-9258-2997","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9258-2997","contributorId":12961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCabe","given":"G.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clark, M.P.","contributorId":49558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"M.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Serreze, Mark C.","contributorId":98491,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Serreze","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70023464,"text":"70023464 - 2001 - Potential contribution of microbial degradation to natural attenuation of MTBE in surface water systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:10","indexId":"70023464","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":610,"text":"ACS Division of Environmental Chemistry, Preprints","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Potential contribution of microbial degradation to natural attenuation of MTBE in surface water systems","docAbstract":"The potential contribution of in situ biodegradation as a mechanism for natural attenuation of MTBE in surface water was studied. Surface water sediments from streams and lakes at 11 sites throughout the US. Microbial degradation of [U-14C] MTBE was observed in surface-water-sediment microcosms under anaerobic conditions, but the efficiency and products of anaerobic MTBE biodegradation were strongly dependent on the predominant terminal electron accepting conditions. In the presence of substantial methanogenic activity, MTBE biodegradation was nominal and involved reduction of MTBE to t-butanol (TBA). Under more oxidizing conditions, minimal accumulation of 14C-TBA and significant mineralization of [U-14C] MTBE to 14CO2 were observed. Microorganisms inhabiting the bed sediments of streams and lakes could degrade MTBE effectively under a range of anaerobic terminal electron accepting conditions. Thus, anaerobic bed sediment microbial processes also might contribute to natural attenuation of MTBE in surface water systems throughout the US. This is an abstract of a paper presented at the 222nd ACS National Meting (Chicago, IL 8/26-30/2001).","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"ACS Division of Environmental Chemistry, Preprints","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"conferenceTitle":"222nd ACS National Meeting","conferenceDate":"26 August 2001 through 30 August 2001","conferenceLocation":"Chicago, IL","language":"English","issn":"00933066","usgsCitation":"Bradley, P., Chapelle, F.H., and Landmeyer, J., 2001, Potential contribution of microbial degradation to natural attenuation of MTBE in surface water systems: ACS Division of Environmental Chemistry, Preprints, v. 41, no. 2, p. 435-438.","startPage":"435","endPage":"438","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232648,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"41","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7ec3e4b0c8380cd7a725","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bradley, P. M. 0000-0001-7522-8606","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7522-8606","contributorId":29465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"P. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chapelle, F. H.","contributorId":101697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapelle","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Landmeyer, J. E.","contributorId":91140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landmeyer","given":"J. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70023429,"text":"70023429 - 2001 - Stepped-combustion 14C dating of sediment: A comparison with established techniques","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-23T16:06:36.693376","indexId":"70023429","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3225,"text":"Radiocarbon","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Stepped-combustion <sup>14</sup>C dating of sediment: A comparison with established techniques","title":"Stepped-combustion 14C dating of sediment: A comparison with established techniques","docAbstract":"<p><span>Radiocarbon dating of bulk sediment has long been used as a method of last resort when reliable wood, charcoal, or plant macrofossils are not available for analysis. Accurate dating of sediment is complicated by the presence of multiple organic carbon fractions, each with a potentially different&nbsp;</span><span class=\"sup\">14</span><span>C activity. Additionally, the presence of carbon bound by clay minerals can significantly reduce the accuracy of a sediment age determination, with the oldest&nbsp;</span><span class=\"sup\">14</span><span>C ages seen in samples with the highest clay content (Scharpenseel and Becker-Heidmann 1992).</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1017/S003382220003808X","issn":"00338222","usgsCitation":"McGeehin, J., Burr, G.S., Juli, A., Reines, D., Gosse, J., Davis, P., Muhs, D., and Southon, J.R., 2001, Stepped-combustion 14C dating of sediment: A comparison with established techniques: Radiocarbon, v. 43, no. 2A, p. 255-261, https://doi.org/10.1017/S003382220003808X.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"255","endPage":"261","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":478923,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s003382220003808x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":232730,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","issue":"2A","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-07-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b982ee4b08c986b31bea4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McGeehin, J.","contributorId":49554,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGeehin","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burr, G. S.","contributorId":60414,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burr","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Juli, A.J.T.","contributorId":27643,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Juli","given":"A.J.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Reines, D.","contributorId":42392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reines","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gosse, J.","contributorId":32332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gosse","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Davis, P.T.","contributorId":71695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"P.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Muhs, D.","contributorId":92463,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhs","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Southon, J. R.","contributorId":24895,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Southon","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70023428,"text":"70023428 - 2001 - Aircraft and runway deicers at General Mitchell International Airport, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA. 1. Biochemical oxygen demand and dissolved oxygen in receiving streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-12T16:34:44.038896","indexId":"70023428","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aircraft and runway deicers at General Mitchell International Airport, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA. 1. Biochemical oxygen demand and dissolved oxygen in receiving streams","docAbstract":"Aircraft and runway deicers are used during cold weather at many of the world's airports to facilitate safe air travel. Propylene glycol-, ethylene glycol-, and urea-based deicers are known to have very high biochemical oxygen demand. At General Mitchell International Airport (GMIA) in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA, deicer application, water chemistry, and dissolved oxygen (DO) data were collected for two deicing seasons in order to evaluate and define premanagement water quality parameters prior to the implementation of a glycol management program. Calculations using stream-monitoring data during a controlled release of deicer provided an estimate of 0.8/d for the first-order decay rate constant, substantially higher than published laboratory test results. For eight precipitation events with deicing activities, between 2.4 and 99% of propylene and ethylene glycol applied to aircraft was delivered directly to receiving streams. The percentage of glycol runoff during an event increased with increasing storm-flow volume. Elevated concentrations of glycol and biochemical oxygen demand were measured downstream from the airport. However, the frequency of low DO concentrations in the receiving streams is comparable with that at an upstream reference site. This is possibly due to slowed bacteria metabolism at low water temperatures, short travel times, and dilution from downstream tributaries.","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","doi":"10.1002/etc.5620200709","issn":"07307268","usgsCitation":"Corsi, S., Booth, N., and Hall, D.W., 2001, Aircraft and runway deicers at General Mitchell International Airport, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA. 1. Biochemical oxygen demand and dissolved oxygen in receiving streams: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 20, no. 7, p. 1474-1482, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620200709.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1474","endPage":"1482","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232688,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","city":"Milwaukee","otherGeospatial":"General Mitchell International Airport","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -87.88736343383789,\n              42.929907987457206\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.88187026977539,\n              42.95943765774351\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.88942337036133,\n              42.95931202958201\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.88942337036133,\n              42.96132204938573\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.88787841796875,\n              42.963457623478156\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.88702011108398,\n              42.96697487803267\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.89405822753906,\n              42.96684926526142\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.89749145507812,\n              42.96559312344092\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.89714813232422,\n              42.95943765774351\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.90109634399414,\n              42.95956328564849\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.90332794189453,\n              42.96169892078859\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.9096794128418,\n              42.96207578988295\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.90950775146484,\n              42.948004444683725\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.92375564575195,\n              42.942601198450284\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.92547225952148,\n              42.93782584192321\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.92444229125977,\n              42.93455827932248\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.9180908203125,\n              42.93518667021124\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.91156768798828,\n              42.937951513945265\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.90950775146484,\n              42.93807718571084\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.9100227355957,\n              42.93003367563783\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.90349960327147,\n              42.93015936356198\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.90075302124023,\n              42.92852540054244\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.90006637573242,\n              42.92613722277429\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.8961181640625,\n              42.92601152664274\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.89525985717772,\n              42.93015936356198\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.88736343383789,\n              42.929907987457206\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"20","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2001-07-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e92ae4b0c8380cd48127","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Corsi, S.R.","contributorId":76346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Corsi","given":"S.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Booth, N.L.","contributorId":60815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Booth","given":"N.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hall, D. W.","contributorId":106528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hall","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70023465,"text":"70023465 - 2001 - Use of <sup>17</sup>O/<sup>16</sup>O to trace atmospherically-deposited sulfate in surface waters: A case study in alpine watersheds in the Rocky Mountains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-10-12T17:16:08","indexId":"70023465","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of <sup>17</sup>O/<sup>16</sup>O to trace atmospherically-deposited sulfate in surface waters: A case study in alpine watersheds in the Rocky Mountains","docAbstract":"Building on the discovery of excess <sup>17</sup>O in atmospheric sulfate by Lee et al. (2001), we have carried out a case study to determine whether <sup>17</sup>O might provide a new tool for quantifying the impact of atmospheric deposition on surface-water sulfate loads. In Rocky Mountain alpine regions, excess <sup>17</sup>O was found to be characteristics of atmospheric sulfate deposited in snow. Excess <sup>17</sup>O was also evident in stream sulfate in one of two high-elevation watersheds where analyses were made. Isotope mass balance calculations gave surprizingly low atmospheric contributions to stream sulfate suggesting that (1) despite abundant outcrop and sparse soil in these areas, significant sulfate may be taken up and released by soil microbes before being exported in streams, and (2) surface waters can carry multiple non-atmospheric sulfate types, some possibly anthropogenic. Measurements of <sup>17</sup>O may prove very useful in studies of sulfate behavior in a variety of surficial environments.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2001GL012966","issn":"00948276","usgsCitation":"Johnson, C.A., Mast, M., and Kester, C., 2001, Use of <sup>17</sup>O/<sup>16</sup>O to trace atmospherically-deposited sulfate in surface waters: A case study in alpine watersheds in the Rocky Mountains: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 28, no. 23, p. 4483-4486, https://doi.org/10.1029/2001GL012966.","startPage":"4483","endPage":"4486","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":478915,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2001gl012966","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":207582,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001GL012966"},{"id":232649,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"23","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbe54e4b08c986b329526","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, C. A. 0000-0002-1334-2996","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1334-2996","contributorId":27492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"C.","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mast, M.A.","contributorId":67871,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mast","given":"M.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kester, C.L.","contributorId":44874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kester","given":"C.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70023313,"text":"70023313 - 2001 - The trade-off between food and temperature in the habitat choice of bluegill sunfish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-31T15:08:25","indexId":"70023313","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2285,"text":"Journal of Fish Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The trade-off between food and temperature in the habitat choice of bluegill sunfish","docAbstract":"A model is presented to describe the trade-off between food and temperature in bluegills Lepomis macrochirus, where temperature was the primary factor used in determining the patch in which to reside.","language":"English","publisher":"FSBI","doi":"10.1111/j.1095-8649.2001.tb02303.x","issn":"00221112","usgsCitation":"Wildhaber, M., 2001, The trade-off between food and temperature in the habitat choice of bluegill sunfish: Journal of Fish Biology, v. 58, no. 5, p. 1476-1478, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2001.tb02303.x.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"1476","endPage":"1478","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":232681,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"58","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-04-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb137e4b08c986b325278","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wildhaber, M. L. 0000-0002-6538-9083","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6538-9083","contributorId":62961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wildhaber","given":"M. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70023466,"text":"70023466 - 2001 - Water source to four U.S. wetlands: Implications for wetland management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:10","indexId":"70023466","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Water source to four U.S. wetlands: Implications for wetland management","docAbstract":"Results of long-term field studies of wetlands in four different hydrogeologic and climatic settings in the United States indicate that each has considerably different sources of water, which affects their response to climate variability and land-use practices. A fen wetland in New Hampshire is supplied almost entirely by ground water that originates as seepage from Mirror Lake; therefore, stream discharge from the fen closely follows the pattern of Mirror Lake stage fluctuations. A fen wetland in northern Minnesota is supplied largely by discharge from a regional ground-water flow system that has its recharge area 1 to 2 km to the east. Because of the size of this wetland's ground-water watershed, stream discharge from the fen has little variability. A prairie-pothole wetland in North Dakota receives more than 90 percent of its water from precipitation and loses more than 90 percent of its water to evapotranspiration, resulting in highly variable seasonal and annual water levels. A wetland in the sandhills of Nebraska lies in a regional ground-water flow field that extends for tens of kilometers and that contains numerous lakes and wetlands. The wetland receives water that moves through the ground-water system from the upgradient lakes and from ground water in local flow systems that are recharged between the lakes. The difference in sources of water to these wetlands implies that they would require different techniques to protect their water supply and water quality.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wetlands","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"02775212","usgsCitation":"Winter, T.C., Rosenberry, D., Buso, D., and Merk, D., 2001, Water source to four U.S. wetlands: Implications for wetland management: Wetlands, v. 21, no. 4, p. 462-473.","startPage":"462","endPage":"473","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232650,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bcc74e4b08c986b32db60","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Winter, T. C.","contributorId":23485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winter","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rosenberry, D.O. 0000-0003-0681-5641","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-5641","contributorId":38500,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberry","given":"D.O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":397749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Buso, D.C.","contributorId":31392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buso","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Merk, D.A.","contributorId":86357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merk","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70022733,"text":"70022733 - 2001 - Geologic history of the polar regions of Mars based on Mars Global surveyor data. II. Amazonian period","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:09","indexId":"70022733","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geologic history of the polar regions of Mars based on Mars Global surveyor data. II. Amazonian period","docAbstract":"Based on Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (MOLA) and Mars Orbiter Camera (MOC) observations of Amazonian polar layered deposits' (PLD) morphology, composition, and thickness, we conclude that the PLDs are composed of porous unconsolidated layers that have not experienced significant basal melting or other glacial-type processes. Morphologic features and associations within the PLD chasmata, including preserved craters and sinuous ridges, indicate that the dominant process of chasmata formation is wind scouring. Our detailed analysis of south polar spiral-trough topography, in conjunction with the identification of similar layered stratigraphy within north polar spiral troughs, suggests that trough migration due to preferential ablation of Sun-facing slopes cannot be demonstrated. Within the layered sequences, we have not identified widespread unconformities, discontinuities, or pinch-outs that would indicate an accublation origin of the PLDs. We therefore postulate that the well-defined PLDs at both poles eventually reached and maintained their present form following deposition without extensive deformation or redeposition. Large, cuspate ridges in the Ultimi lobe of Planum Australe appear to be layered and may be unusual erosional remnants of a once thicker PLD in this area. Beneath the north polar layered deposits in Planum Boreum, we have identified a platform of older, highly degraded polar deposits as much as a kilometer thick that may have once covered an area larger than Planum Boreum. ?? 2001 Elsevier Science.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Icarus","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1006/icar.2001.6676","issn":"00191035","usgsCitation":"Kolb, E., and Tanaka, K.L., 2001, Geologic history of the polar regions of Mars based on Mars Global surveyor data. II. Amazonian period: Icarus, v. 154, no. 1, p. 22-39, https://doi.org/10.1006/icar.2001.6676.","startPage":"22","endPage":"39","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208114,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1006/icar.2001.6676"},{"id":233567,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"154","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a197ee4b0c8380cd559ec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kolb, E.J.","contributorId":16555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolb","given":"E.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tanaka, K. L.","contributorId":31394,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tanaka","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70023312,"text":"70023312 - 2001 - Effects of sulfur impregnation temperature on the properties and mercury adsorption capacities of activated carbon fibers (ACFs)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:14","indexId":"70023312","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of sulfur impregnation temperature on the properties and mercury adsorption capacities of activated carbon fibers (ACFs)","docAbstract":"Laboratory studies were conducted to determine the role of sulfur functional groups and micropore surface area of carbon-based adsorbents on the adsorption of Hg0 from simulated coal combustion flue gases. In this study, raw activated carbon fibers that are microporous (ACF-20) were impregnated with elemental sulfur between 250 and 650 ??C. The resulting samples were saturated with respect to sulfur content. Total sulfur content of the sulfur impregnated ACF samples decreased with increasing impregnation temperatures from 250 and 500 ??C and then remained constant to 650 ??C. Results from sulfur K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure (S-XANES) spectroscopy showed that sulfur impregnated on the ACF samples was in both elemental and organic forms. As sulfur impregnation temperature increased, however, the relative amounts of elemental sulfur decreased with a concomitant increase in the amount of organic sulfur. Thermal analyses and mass spectrometry revealed that sulfur functional groups formed at higher impregnation temperatures were more thermally stable. In general, sulfur impregnation decreased surface area and increased equilibrium Hg0 adsorption capacity when compared to the raw ACF sample. The ACF sample treated with sulfur at 400 ??C had a surface area of only 94 m2/g compared to the raw ACF sample's surface area of 1971 m2/g, but at least 86% of this sample's surface area existed as micropores and it had the largest equilibrium Hg0adsorption capacities (2211-11343 ??g/g). Such a result indicates that 400 ??C is potentially an optimal sulfur impregnation temperature for this ACF. Sulfur impregnated on the ACF that was treated at 400 ??C was in both elemental and organic forms. Thermal analyses and CS2extraction tests suggested that elemental sulfur was the main form of sulfur affecting the Hg0 adsorption capacity. These findings indicate that both the presence of elemental sulfur on the adsorbent and a microporous structure are important properties for improving the performance of carbon-based adsorbents for the removal of Hg0 from coal combustion flue gases.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Science and Technology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1021/es001794k","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Hsi, H.-., Rood, M., Rostam-Abadi, M., Chen, S., and Chang, R., 2001, Effects of sulfur impregnation temperature on the properties and mercury adsorption capacities of activated carbon fibers (ACFs): Environmental Science & Technology, v. 35, no. 13, p. 2785-2791, https://doi.org/10.1021/es001794k.","startPage":"2785","endPage":"2791","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207597,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es001794k"},{"id":232680,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2001-05-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a07e8e4b0c8380cd518c3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hsi, H. -C.","contributorId":82079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hsi","given":"H.","middleInitial":"-C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rood, M.J.","contributorId":15354,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rood","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rostam-Abadi, M.","contributorId":37061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rostam-Abadi","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chen, S.","contributorId":7856,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chen","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Chang, R.","contributorId":16175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chang","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70022735,"text":"70022735 - 2001 - Spatial analysis on the occurrence of <i>Pneumocystis carinii</i> in the shrew <i>Notiosorex crawfordi</i> in fragmented landscape in southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-23T14:51:50","indexId":"70022735","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2272,"text":"Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial analysis on the occurrence of <i>Pneumocystis carinii</i> in the shrew <i>Notiosorex crawfordi</i> in fragmented landscape in southern California","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"International Society of Protistologists","doi":"10.1111/j.1550-7408.2001.tb00474.x","issn":"10665234","usgsCitation":"Laakkonen, J., Fisher, R.N., and Case, T.J., 2001, Spatial analysis on the occurrence of <i>Pneumocystis carinii</i> in the shrew <i>Notiosorex crawfordi</i> in fragmented landscape in southern California: Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology, v. 48, no. s1, p. 111s-112s, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.2001.tb00474.x.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"111s","endPage":"112s","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":233603,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"s1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-07-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9421e4b08c986b31a8af","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Laakkonen, Juha","contributorId":28918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laakkonen","given":"Juha","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fisher, Robert N. 0000-0002-2956-3240 rfisher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2956-3240","contributorId":1529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Robert","email":"rfisher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":394703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Case, Ted J.","contributorId":70714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Case","given":"Ted","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70023370,"text":"70023370 - 2001 - Laboratory and field evaluations of the LISST-100 instrument for suspended particle size determinations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-03T08:59:02","indexId":"70023370","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Laboratory and field evaluations of the LISST-100 instrument for suspended particle size determinations","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-id15\" class=\"abstract author\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id16\"><p id=\"simple-para0060\">Advances in technology have resulted in a new instrument that is designed for in-situ determination of particle size spectra. Such an instrument that can measure undisturbed particle size distributions is much needed for sediment transport studies. The LISST-100 (Laser In-Situ Scattering and Transmissometry) uses the principle of laser diffraction to obtain the size distribution and volume concentration of suspended material in 32 size classes logarithmically spaced between 1.25 and 250&nbsp;μm. This paper describes a laboratory evaluation of the ability of LISST-100 to determine particle sizes using suspensions of single size, artificial particles. Findings show the instrument is able to determine particle size to within about 10% with increasing error as particle size increases. The instrument determines volume (or mass) concentration using a volume conversion factor<span>&nbsp;</span><i>C</i><sub>v</sub>. This volume conversion factor is theoretically a constant. In the laboratory evaluation<span>&nbsp;</span><i>C</i><sub>v</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>is found to vary by a factor of about three over the particle size range between 5 and 200&nbsp;μm. Results from field studies in South San Francisco Bay show that values of mass concentration of suspended marine sediments estimated by LISST-100 agree favorably with estimates from optical backscatterance sensors if an appropriate value of<span>&nbsp;</span><i>C</i><sub>v</sub>, according to mean size, is used and the assumed average particle (aggregate) density is carefully chosen. Analyses of size distribution of suspended materials in South San Francisco Bay over multiple tide cycles suggest the likelihood of different sources of sediment because of different size characteristics during flood and ebb cycles.</p></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0025-3227(01)00137-2","issn":"00253227","usgsCitation":"Gartner, J.W., Cheng, R.T., Wang, P., and Richter, K., 2001, Laboratory and field evaluations of the LISST-100 instrument for suspended particle size determinations: Marine Geology, v. 175, no. 1-4, p. 199-219, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0025-3227(01)00137-2.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"199","endPage":"219","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":232362,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":207424,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0025-3227(01)00137-2"}],"volume":"175","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a40ffe4b0c8380cd65201","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gartner, J. W.","contributorId":81903,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gartner","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cheng, R. T.","contributorId":23138,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cheng","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wang, P.-F.","contributorId":25311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"P.-F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Richter, K.","contributorId":72146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richter","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70023467,"text":"70023467 - 2001 - Thermal maturity patterns in New York State using CAI and %Ro","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:09","indexId":"70023467","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2897,"text":"Northeastern Geology and Environmental Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Thermal maturity patterns in New York State using CAI and %Ro","docAbstract":"New conodont alteration index (CAI) and vitrinite reflectance (%Ro) data collected from drill holes in the Appalachian basin of New York State allow refinement of thermal maturity maps for Ordovician and Devonian rocks. CAI isotherms on the new maps show a pattern that approximates that published by Harris et al. (1978) in eastern and western New York, but it differs in central New York, where the isotherms are shifted markedly westward by more than 100 km and are more tightly grouped. This close grouping of isograds reflects a steeper thermal gradient than previously noted by Harris et al. (1978) and agrees closely with the abrupt west-to-east increase in thermal maturity across New York noted by Johnsson (1986). These data show, in concordance with previous studies, that thermal maturity levels in these rocks are higher than can be explained by simple burial heating beneath the present thickness of overburden. The Ordovician and Devonian rocks of the Appalachian Basin in New York must have been buried by very thick post-Devonian sediments (4-6 km suggested by Sarwar and Friedman 1995) or were exposed to a higher-than-normal geothermal flux caused by crustal extension, or a combination of the two.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Northeastern Geology and Environmental Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"01941453","usgsCitation":"Weary, D., Ryder, R.T., and Nyahay, R., 2001, Thermal maturity patterns in New York State using CAI and %Ro: Northeastern Geology and Environmental Sciences, v. 23, no. 4, p. 356-376.","startPage":"356","endPage":"376","numberOfPages":"21","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232689,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb248e4b08c986b3256c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weary, D. J.","contributorId":40617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weary","given":"D. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ryder, R. T.","contributorId":96673,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryder","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nyahay, R.E.","contributorId":38405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nyahay","given":"R.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70023311,"text":"70023311 - 2001 - Using water, bryophytes, and macroinvertebrates to assess trace element concentrations in the Upper Colorado River Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:14","indexId":"70023311","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1919,"text":"Hydrobiologia","onlineIssn":"1573-5117","printIssn":"0018-8158","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using water, bryophytes, and macroinvertebrates to assess trace element concentrations in the Upper Colorado River Basin","docAbstract":"This study examined trace elements concentrations and macroinvertebrate community structure at 32 sites in 22 streams in Colorado. Sites affected by mining activities (mining sites) and sites that were minimally disturbed (nonmining sites) were selected for the assessment. Water and transplanted aquatic bryophyte samples were analyzed for trace elements. Macroinvertebrate samples were collected to assess the effects of trace elements on the aquatic community of the stream. All samples of aquatic bryophytes had detectable concentrations of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn. Principal components analysis of chemical and physical properties classified sites into three groups. The first group represented sites that were unaffected to minimally affected by mining activities; the second group was characterized by sites with Cd, Pb and Zn predominant in the mineralogy; and the third group was characterized by sites with Cu predominant in the mineralogy. Six macroinvertebrate families were common in the study area. Median values of total abundance, taxa richness and mayfly and stonefly abundance were reduced at mining sites. Abundances of Heptageniidae, Chloroperlidae and Rhyacophila and Baetis sp. also were reduced at sites with elevated trace element concentrations. Tanytarsini chironomids were most abundant at reference and minimally-disturbed sites.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrobiologia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1023/A:1011931216906","issn":"00188158","usgsCitation":"Deacon, J.R., Spahr, N., Mize, S., and Boulger, R., 2001, Using water, bryophytes, and macroinvertebrates to assess trace element concentrations in the Upper Colorado River Basin: Hydrobiologia, v. 455, p. 29-39, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1011931216906.","startPage":"29","endPage":"39","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207575,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1011931216906"},{"id":232638,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"455","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc0bfe4b08c986b32a2cb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Deacon, J. R.","contributorId":67110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deacon","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Spahr, N.E.","contributorId":79476,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spahr","given":"N.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mize, S.V.","contributorId":93666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mize","given":"S.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Boulger, R.W.","contributorId":86386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boulger","given":"R.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70023310,"text":"70023310 - 2001 - An interlaboratory study to test instrument performance of hydrogen dual-inlet isotope-ratio mass spectrometers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-24T14:07:26.21813","indexId":"70023310","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1695,"text":"Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An interlaboratory study to test instrument performance of hydrogen dual-inlet isotope-ratio mass spectrometers","docAbstract":"<p><span>An interlaboratory comparison of forty isotope-ratio mass spectrometers of different ages from several vendors has been performed to test&nbsp;</span><sup>2</sup><span>H/</span><sup>1</sup><span>H performance with hydrogen gases of three different isotopic compositions. The isotope-ratio results (unsufficiently corrected for H</span><sub>3</sub><span>&nbsp;</span><sup>+</sup><span>&nbsp;contribution to the m/z = 3 collector, uncorrected for valve leakage in the change-over valves, etc.) expressed relative to one of these three gases covered a wide range of values: –630‰ to –790‰ for the second gas and –368‰ to –462‰ for the third gas. After normalizing the isotopic abundances of these test gases (linearly adjusting the δ values so that the gases with the lowest and highest&nbsp;</span><sup>2</sup><span>H content were identical for all laboratories), the standard deviation of the 40 measurements of the intermediate gas was a remarkably low 0.85‰. It is concluded that the use of scaling factors is mandatory for providing accurate internationally comparable isotope-abundance values. Linear scaling for the isotope-ratio scales of gaseous hydrogen mass spectrometers is completely adequate.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Link","doi":"10.1007/s002160100814","usgsCitation":"Brand, W.A., and Coplen, T., 2001, An interlaboratory study to test instrument performance of hydrogen dual-inlet isotope-ratio mass spectrometers: Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry, v. 370, no. 4, p. 358-362, https://doi.org/10.1007/s002160100814.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"358","endPage":"362","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232637,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"370","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ea85e4b0c8380cd48904","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brand, Willi A.","contributorId":33091,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brand","given":"Willi","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":13365,"text":"Max-Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":397220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coplen, T.B.","contributorId":34147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coplen","given":"T.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70023469,"text":"70023469 - 2001 - Atomic weights of the elements 1999","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-23T15:55:05.964621","indexId":"70023469","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3207,"text":"Pure and Applied Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Atomic weights of the elements 1999","docAbstract":"The biennial review of atomic-weight, Ar(E), determinations and other cognate data have resulted in changes for the standard atomic weights of the following elements: Presented are updated tables of the standard atomic weights and their uncertainties estimated by combining experimental uncertainties and terrestrial variabilities. In addition, this report again contains an updated table of relative atomic-mass values and half-lives of selected radioisotopes. Changes in the evaluated isotopic abundance values from those published in 1997 are so minor that an updated list will not be published for the year 1999. Many elements have a different isotopic composition in some nonterrestrial materials. Some recent data on parent nuclides that might affect isotopic abundances or atomic-weight values are included in this report for the information of the interested scientific community.","language":"English","publisher":"De Gruyter","doi":"10.1351/pac200173040667","issn":"00334545","usgsCitation":"Coplen, T., 2001, Atomic weights of the elements 1999: Pure and Applied Chemistry, v. 73, no. 4, p. 667-683, https://doi.org/10.1351/pac200173040667.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"667","endPage":"683","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":478924,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1351/pac200173040667","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":232691,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"73","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eec8e4b0c8380cd49f63","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coplen, T.B.","contributorId":34147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coplen","given":"T.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
]}