{"pageNumber":"3114","pageRowStart":"77825","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184828,"records":[{"id":70023406,"text":"70023406 - 2001 - Effect of storm trajectories on snowfall chemistry in Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:59","indexId":"70023406","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Effect of storm trajectories on snowfall chemistry in Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado","docAbstract":"Snowfall samples from snowstorms lasting 1 to 4 days were collected near the Bear Lake snow telemetry (SnoTel) site in Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado (ROMO), during the 1998-99 snowfall season to determine if storms moving in from different directions affect the chemistry of precipitation in the park. Storm pathways to Bear Lake during snowfall events were estimated using the HYSPLIT4 backward-trajectory model developed by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Deposition of acidic ions of nitrate and sulfate in snowfall during the study varied substantially (two- to threefold) depending on storm trajectory because air masses traversing the park originated from different surrounding areas, including some having large sources of emissions of nitrate and sulfate. Concentrations of nitrate and sulfate in samples were lowest when storms reached ROMO from north and east of the park and were elevated when air masses traveled from the west where a number of power plants are located. Concentrations were highest in storms reaching ROMO from the south, a region with urban areas including Metropolitan Denver.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of The Western Snow Conference","conferenceTitle":"69th Annual Meeting Western Snow Conference","conferenceDate":"16 April 2001 through 19 April 2001","conferenceLocation":"Sun Valley, ID","language":"English","issn":"01610589","usgsCitation":"Ingersoll, G., Tonnessen, K., Campbell, K., Glass, B., and Torizzo, A., 2001, Effect of storm trajectories on snowfall chemistry in Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado, in Proceedings of The Western Snow Conference, Sun Valley, ID, 16 April 2001 through 19 April 2001, p. 32-42.","startPage":"32","endPage":"42","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232325,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a060ce4b0c8380cd510c6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ingersoll, G.P.","contributorId":36923,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingersoll","given":"G.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tonnessen, K.A.","contributorId":30196,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tonnessen","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Campbell, K.","contributorId":63351,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Campbell","given":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":47665,"text":"St. Anthony Falls Laboratory, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":397554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Glass, B.R.","contributorId":8341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glass","given":"B.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Torizzo, A.O.","contributorId":34779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torizzo","given":"A.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70023407,"text":"70023407 - 2001 - The crazy hollow formation (Eocene) of central Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:00","indexId":"70023407","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1077,"text":"Brigham Young University Geology Studies","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The crazy hollow formation (Eocene) of central Utah","docAbstract":"The Late Eocene Crazy Hollow Formation is a fluviatile and lacustrine unit that was deposited locally in the southwest arm of Lake Uinta during and after the last stages of the lake the deposited the Green River Formation. Most exposures of the Crazy Hollow are located in Sanpete and Sevier Counties. The unit is characterized by a large variety of rock types, rapid facies changes within fairly short distances, and different lithofacies in the several areas where outcrops of the remnants of the formation are concentrated. Mudstone is dominant, volumetrically, but siltstone, shale, sandstone, conglomerate and several varieties of limestone are also present. The fine-grained rocks are mostly highly colored, especially in shades of yellow, orange and red. Sand grains, pebbles and small cobbles of well-rounded black chert are widespread, and \"salt-and-pepper sandstone\" is the conspicuous characteristic of the Crazy Hollow. The salt-and-pepper sandstone consists of grains of black chert, white chert, quartz and minor feldspar. The limestone beds and lenses are paludal and lacustrine in origin; some are fossiliferous, and contain the same fauna found in the Green River Formation. With trivial exceptions, the Crazy Hollow Formation lies on the upper, limestone member of the Green River Formation, and the beds of the two units are always accordant in attitude. The nature of the contact differs locally: at some sites there is gradation from the Green River to the Crazy Hollow; at others, rocks typical of the two units intertongue; elsewhere there is a disconformity between the two. A variety of bedrock units overlie the Crazy Hollow at different sites. In the southeasternmost districts it is overlain by the late Eocene formation of Aurora; in western Sevier County it is overlain by the Miocene-Pliocene Sevier River Formation; in northernmost Sanpete County it is overlain by the Oligocene volcanics of the Moroni Formation. At many sites bordering Sanpete and Sevier Valleys the Crazy Hollow beds dip beneath Quaternary sediments that fill the two valleys. The Crazy Hollow Formation ranges from 0 to 1,307 feet (0-398 m) thick in the region, but is usually much thinner than the maximum value. At most outcrops it is only a few scores of feet (12-50 m) thick. Its age is middle Eocene, for it is only a little younger than the underlying Green River Formation. The unit developed by the washing of detritus into the basin of the southwest arm of Lake Uinta from the various source rocks in the highlands surrounding the basin. The limestone beds and lenses formed in ponds and small lakes that developed in the basin from time to time during and following the draining and evaporation of Lake Uinta. The qualities of the Crazy Hollow Formation are described in detail for 10 different areas of outcrops in the Sanpete and Sevier Valleys and vicinity.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Brigham Young University Geology Studies","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00681016","usgsCitation":"Weiss, M.P., and Warner, K., 2001, The crazy hollow formation (Eocene) of central Utah: Brigham Young University Geology Studies, v. 46, p. 143-161.","startPage":"143","endPage":"161","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232326,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"46","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baa6ee4b08c986b322825","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weiss, M. P.","contributorId":72404,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weiss","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Warner, K.N.","contributorId":77327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warner","given":"K.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70023420,"text":"70023420 - 2001 - Changes in flow in the upper North Canadian river basin of western Oklahoma, pre-development to 2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:10","indexId":"70023420","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Changes in flow in the upper North Canadian river basin of western Oklahoma, pre-development to 2000","docAbstract":"Water levels have declined in the southern part of the High Plains aquifer of the central USA since the mid-1960s in response to extensive irrigation development. The North Canadian River originates in western Oklahoma, and most of the basin is underlain by the High Plains aquifer. Average river flow in the headwaters near Guymon, Oklahoma, has decreased from about 0.9 m3/s before 1970 to near zero at present. Canton Lake, on the North Canadian River near Seiling, about 250 km downstream from Guymon, is a source of water supply for Oklahoma City. Precipitation data and streamflow data for gages upstream from Canton Lake were divided into an \"early\" period ending in 1971 and a \"recent\" period that begins in 1978. The early period represents conditions before ground-water levels had declined appreciably in the High Plains aquifer, and the recent period reflects the current condition, including the effects of storage reservoirs. Tests for trend and comparisons of flows between the early and recent periods show that the total annual volume of flow and the magnitudes of instantaneous annual peak discharges measured at most locations in the North Canadian River basin have decreased. Precipitation records for the area, however, show no corresponding changes. The decreases in average annual flow, expressed as a percentage of the average flows for the early period, ranged from 91 percent near Guymon to 37 percent near Canton Lake. A major contributing factor in the decreased flows appears to be the large declines in water levels in the High Plains aquifer.","largerWorkTitle":"Progress in Water Resources","conferenceTitle":"First International Conference on River Basin Management","conferenceDate":"11 September 2001 through 13 September 2001","conferenceLocation":"Cardiff","language":"English","isbn":"1853128767","usgsCitation":"Wahl, K., 2001, Changes in flow in the upper North Canadian river basin of western Oklahoma, pre-development to 2000, in Progress in Water Resources, Cardiff, 11 September 2001 through 13 September 2001, p. 73-81.","startPage":"73","endPage":"81","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232566,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f414e4b0c8380cd4bb1b","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Falconer R.A.Blain W.R.Falconer R.A.Blain W.R.","contributorId":128350,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Falconer R.A.Blain W.R.Falconer R.A.Blain W.R.","id":536499,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Wahl, K.L.","contributorId":19598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wahl","given":"K.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70022736,"text":"70022736 - 2001 - U-Pb age of the Diana Complex and Adirondack granulite petrogenesis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-23T15:43:39.329422","indexId":"70022736","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3158,"text":"Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Sciences - Earth and Planetary Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"U-Pb age of the Diana Complex and Adirondack granulite petrogenesis","docAbstract":"

U-Pb isotopic analyses of eight single and multi-grain zircon fractions separated from a syenite of the Diana Complex of the Adirondack Mountains do not define a single linear array, but a scatter along a chord that intersects the Concordia curve at 1145 ± 29 and 285 ± 204 Ma. For the most concordant analyses, the207Pb/206Pb ages range between 1115 and 1150 Ma. Detailed petrographic studies revealed that most grains contained at least two phases of zircon growth, either primary magmatic cores enclosed by variable thickness of metamorphic overgrowths or magmatic portions enclosing presumably older xenocrystic zircon cores. The magmatic portions are characterized by typical dipyramidal prismatic zoning and numerous black inclusions that make them quite distinct from adjacent overgrowths or cores when observed in polarizing light microscopy and in backscattered electron micrographs. Careful handpicking and analysis of the “best” magmatic grains, devoid of visible overgrowth of core material, produced two nearly concordant points that along with two of the multi-grain analyses yielded an upper-intercept age of 1118 ± 2.8 Ma and a lowerintercept age of 251 ± 13 Ma. The older age is interpreted as the crystallization age of the syenite and the younger one is consistent with late stage uplift of the Appalachian region. The 1118 Ma age for the Diana Complex, some 35 Ma younger than previously believed, is now approximately synchronous with the main Adirondack anorthosite intrusion, implying a cogenetic relationship among the various meta-igneous rocks of the Adirondacks. The retention of a high-temperature contact metamorphic aureole around Diana convincingly places the timing of Adirondack regional metamorphism as early as 1118 Ma. This result also implies that the sources of anomalous hightemperature during granulite metamorphism are the syn-metamorphic intrusions, such as the Diana Complex.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF02702902","issn":"02534126","usgsCitation":"Basu, A.R., and Premo, W.R., 2001, U-Pb age of the Diana Complex and Adirondack granulite petrogenesis: Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Sciences - Earth and Planetary Sciences, v. 110, no. 4, p. 385-395, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02702902.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"385","endPage":"395","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":478877,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://www.ias.ac.in/describe/article/jess/110/04/0385-0395","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":233637,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Adirondack Mountains, Diana Complex","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -73.82058255802923,\n 43.075528999901024\n ],\n [\n -73.61184232365447,\n 43.34777170250618\n ],\n [\n -73.45254056584179,\n 43.4036707961441\n ],\n [\n -73.40310208927907,\n 43.55911795852839\n ],\n [\n -73.43606107365447,\n 43.62675180037368\n ],\n [\n -73.35366361271697,\n 43.777658458080936\n ],\n [\n -73.37563626896657,\n 43.83315988930818\n ],\n [\n -73.39760892521686,\n 43.9598266505854\n ],\n [\n -73.43056790959153,\n 44.05464988620466\n ],\n [\n -73.37014310490436,\n 44.208414318375276\n ],\n [\n -73.30971830021647,\n 44.251711389507676\n ],\n [\n -73.34267728459187,\n 44.41673448804991\n ],\n [\n -73.36464994084146,\n 44.57346758184144\n ],\n [\n -73.38662259709172,\n 44.7141671790304\n ],\n [\n -73.59536283146647,\n 44.85841949588456\n ],\n [\n -73.84255521427949,\n 44.90512661496251\n ],\n [\n -74.35341947209159,\n 44.7414858061496\n ],\n [\n -74.54018705021676,\n 44.59694121196955\n ],\n [\n -74.67202298771696,\n 44.27531454883666\n ],\n [\n -74.93569486271667,\n 43.99540312763696\n ],\n [\n -74.97964017521652,\n 43.674447570355795\n ],\n [\n -74.91921537052932,\n 43.45154329021935\n ],\n [\n -74.72146146427902,\n 43.123660128850474\n ],\n [\n -74.50173490177916,\n 43.01531188613987\n ],\n [\n -74.27102201115413,\n 43.059476882639046\n ],\n [\n -73.96340482365389,\n 43.0313755627551\n ],\n [\n -73.82058255802923,\n 43.075528999901024\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"110","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb9c0e4b08c986b327da8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Basu, A. R.","contributorId":99697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Basu","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Premo, W. R. 0000-0001-9904-4801","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9904-4801","contributorId":22782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Premo","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70023421,"text":"70023421 - 2001 - Hierarchical programming for data storage and visualization","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-08T12:32:20","indexId":"70023421","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Hierarchical programming for data storage and visualization","docAbstract":"Graphics software is an essential tool for interpreting, analyzing, and presenting data from multidimensional hydrodynamic models used in estuarine and coastal ocean studies. The post-processing of time-varying three-dimensional model output presents unique requirements for data visualization because of the large volume of data that can be generated and the multitude of time scales that must be examined. Such data can relate to estuarine or coastal ocean environments and come from numerical models or field instruments. One useful software tool for the display, editing, visualization, and printing of graphical data is the Gr application, written by the first author for use in U.S. Geological Survey San Francisco Bay Program. The Gr application has been made available to the public via the Internet since the year 2000. The Gr application is written in the Java (Sun Microsystems, Nov. 29, 2001) programming language and uses the Extensible Markup Language standard for hierarchical data storage. Gr presents a hierarchy of objects to the user that can be edited using a common interface. Java's object-oriented capabilities allow Gr to treat data, graphics, and tools equally and to save them all to a single XML file.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Estuarine and Coastal Modeling: Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Estuarine and Coastal Modeling: Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference","conferenceDate":"5 November 2001 through 7 November 2001","conferenceLocation":"St. Petersburg, FL","language":"English","publisher":"ASCE","isbn":"0784406286","usgsCitation":"Donovan, J.M., and Smith, P.E., 2001, Hierarchical programming for data storage and visualization, in Estuarine and Coastal Modeling: Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference, St. Petersburg, FL, 5 November 2001 through 7 November 2001, p. 86-102.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"86","endPage":"102","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":232567,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a30a2e4b0c8380cd5d7f2","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Spaulding M.L.Spaulding M.L.","contributorId":128417,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Spaulding M.L.Spaulding M.L.","id":536500,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Donovan, John M. 0000-0002-7957-5397 jmd@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7957-5397","contributorId":1255,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Donovan","given":"John","email":"jmd@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":397609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Peter E.","contributorId":50609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70023422,"text":"70023422 - 2001 - Pimienta-Tamabra(!)— A giant supercharged petroleum system in the southern Gulf of Mexico, onshore and offshore Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-23T16:39:25.896521","indexId":"70023422","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":606,"text":"AAPG Memoir","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pimienta-Tamabra(!)— A giant supercharged petroleum system in the southern Gulf of Mexico, onshore and offshore Mexico","docAbstract":"

Pimienta-Tamabra(!) is a giant supercharged petroleum system in the southern Gulf of Mexico with cumulative production and total reserves of 66.3 billion barrels of oil and 103.7 tcf of natural gas, or 83.6 billion barrels of oil equivalent (BOE). The effectiveness of this system results largely from the widespread distribution of good to excellent thermally mature, Upper Jurassic source rock underlying numerous stratigraphic and structural traps that contain excellent carbonate reservoirs. Expulsion of oil and gas as a supercritical fluid from Upper Jurassic source rock occurred when the thickness of overburden rock exceeded 5 km. This burial event started in the Eocene, culminated in the Miocene, and continues to a lesser extent today. The expelled hydrocarbons started migrating laterally and then upward as a gas-saturated 35-40° API oil with less than 1 wt.% sulfur and a gas-to-oil ratio (GOR) of 500-1000 ft3/BO. The generation-accumulation efficiency is about 6%.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists","doi":"10.1306/M75768C4","usgsCitation":"Magoon, L.B., Hudson, T.L., and Cook, H.E., 2001, Pimienta-Tamabra(!)— A giant supercharged petroleum system in the southern Gulf of Mexico, onshore and offshore Mexico: AAPG Memoir, v. 75, p. 83-125, https://doi.org/10.1306/M75768C4.","productDescription":"43 p.","startPage":"83","endPage":"125","numberOfPages":"43","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232604,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico","otherGeospatial":"southern Gulf of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -98.2177734375,\n 18.020527657852337\n ],\n [\n -84.9462890625,\n 18.020527657852337\n ],\n [\n -84.9462890625,\n 25.720735134412106\n ],\n [\n -98.2177734375,\n 25.720735134412106\n ],\n [\n -98.2177734375,\n 18.020527657852337\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"75","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7b69e4b0c8380cd79426","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Magoon, Leslie B. lmagoon@usgs.gov","contributorId":2383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Magoon","given":"Leslie","email":"lmagoon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":397612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hudson, Travis L.","contributorId":28288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hudson","given":"Travis","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cook, Harry E. hcook@usgs.gov","contributorId":1880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cook","given":"Harry","email":"hcook@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":397611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70022739,"text":"70022739 - 2001 - Io in the near infrared: Near-Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (NIMS) results from the Galileo flybys in 1999 and 2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-02T18:01:50.49376","indexId":"70022739","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2317,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Io in the near infrared: Near-Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (NIMS) results from the Galileo flybys in 1999 and 2000","docAbstract":"

Galileo's Near-Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (NIMS) observed Io during the spacecraft's three flybys in October 1999, November 1999, and February 2000. The observations, which are summarized here, were used to map the detailed thermal structure of active volcanic regions and the surface distribution of SO2 and to investigate the origin of a yet unidentified compound showing an absorption feature at ∼1 μm. We present a summary of the observations and results, focusing on the distribution of thermal emission and of SO2 deposits. We find high eruption temperatures, consistent with ultramafic volcanism, at Pele. Such temperatures may be present at other hot spots, but the hottest areas may be too small for those temperatures to be detected at the spatial resolution of our observations. Loki is the site of frequent eruptions, and the low thermal emission may represent lavas cooling on the caldera's surface or the cooling crust of a lava lake. High-resolution spectral observations of Emakong caldera show thermal emission and SO2 within the same pixels, implying that patches of SO2 frost and patches of cooling lavas or sulfur flows are present within a few kilometers from one another. Thermal maps of Prometheus and Amirani show that these two hot spots are characterized by long lava flows. The thermal profiles of flows at both locations are consistent with insulated flows, with the Amirani flow field having more breakouts of fresh lava along its length. Prometheus and Amirani each show a white ring at visible wavelengths, while SO2 distribution maps show that the highest concentration of SO2 in both ring deposits lies outside the white portion. Visible measurements at high phase angles show that the white deposit around Prometheus extends into the SO2 ring. This suggests that the deposits are thin and that compositional or grain size variations may occur in the radial direction. SO2 mapping of the Chaac region shows that the interior of a caldera adjacent to Chaac has almost pure SO2. The deposit appears to be topographically controlled, suggesting a possible origin by liquid flow.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2000JE001463","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Lopes, R.M., Kamp, L., Doute, S., Smythe, W.D., Carlson, R.W., McEwen, A.S., Geissler, P., Kieffer, S.W., Leader, F., Davies, A.G., Barbinis, E., Mehlman, R., Segura, M., Shirley, J., and Soderblom, L., 2001, Io in the near infrared: Near-Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (NIMS) results from the Galileo flybys in 1999 and 2000: Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets, v. 106, no. E12, p. 33053-33078, https://doi.org/10.1029/2000JE001463.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"33053","endPage":"33078","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":233676,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Io","volume":"106","issue":"E12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3ed1e4b0c8380cd64065","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lopes, R. M. C.","contributorId":49506,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lopes","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kamp, L.W.","contributorId":16581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kamp","given":"L.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Doute, S.","contributorId":62803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doute","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smythe, W. D.","contributorId":90878,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smythe","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Carlson, R. W.","contributorId":85331,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carlson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"McEwen, A. S.","contributorId":11317,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McEwen","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Geissler, P.E.","contributorId":67636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geissler","given":"P.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kieffer, S. W.","contributorId":19186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kieffer","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Leader, F.E.","contributorId":94048,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leader","given":"F.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Davies, A. G.","contributorId":72538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davies","given":"A.","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Barbinis, E.","contributorId":30006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barbinis","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Mehlman, R.","contributorId":88499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mehlman","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Segura, M.","contributorId":84091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Segura","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Shirley, J.","contributorId":86939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shirley","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Soderblom, L.A. 0000-0002-0917-853X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0917-853X","contributorId":6139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soderblom","given":"L.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15}]}} ,{"id":70023424,"text":"70023424 - 2001 - Mean and modal ϵ in the deaggregation of probabilistic ground motion","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-12T13:46:40","indexId":"70023424","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mean and modal ϵ in the deaggregation of probabilistic ground motion","docAbstract":"

An important element of probabilistic seismic-hazard analysis (PSHA) is the incorporation of ground-motion uncertainty from the earthquake sources. The standard normal variate ϵ measures the difference between any specified spectral-acceleration level, or SA0, and the estimated median spectral acceleration from each probabilistic source. In this article, mean and modal values of ϵ for a specified SA0 are defined and computed from all sources considered in the USGS 1996 PSHA maps. Contour maps of ϵ are presented for the conterminous United States for 1-, 0.3-, and 0.2-sec SA0 and for peak horizontal acceleration, PGA0 corresponding to a 2% probability of exceedance (PE) in 50 yr, or mean annual rate of exceedance, r, of 0.000404.

\n

Mean and modal ϵ exhibit a wide variation geographically for any specified PE. Modal ϵ for the 2% in 50 yr PE exceeds 2 near the most active western California faults, is less than –1 near some less active faults of the western United States (principally in the Basin and Range), and may be less than 0 in areal fault zones of the central and eastern United States (CEUS). This geographic variation is useful for comparing probabilistic ground motions with ground motions from scenario earthquakes on dominating faults, often used in seismic-resistant provisions of building codes. An interactive seismic-hazard deaggregation menu item has been added to the USGS probabilistic seismic-hazard analysis Web site, http://geohazards.cr.usgs.gov/eq/, allowing visitors to compute mean and modal distance, magnitude, and ϵ corresponding to ground motions having mean return times from 250 to 5000 yr for any site in the United States.

","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120000289","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Harmsen, S., 2001, Mean and modal ϵ in the deaggregation of probabilistic ground motion: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 91, no. 6, p. 1537-1552, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120000289.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1537","endPage":"1552","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232645,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":207581,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120000289"}],"volume":"91","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a52b6e4b0c8380cd6c60b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harmsen, Stephen C. harmsen@usgs.gov","contributorId":1795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harmsen","given":"Stephen C.","email":"harmsen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":397617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70022741,"text":"70022741 - 2001 - Secondary currents in a curved, stratified, estuarine channel","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-30T17:36:26.26248","indexId":"70022741","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2315,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Secondary currents in a curved, stratified, estuarine channel","docAbstract":"

This paper presents a study of secondary circulation in a curved stratified channel in northern San Francisco Bay over a 12.5-hour tidal cycle. Secondary currents were strong at times (varying by up to 35 cm/s from top to bottom) but relatively transient, as the balance between centrifugal and lateral baroclinic forcing changed over time. The short travel time around the bend did not allow a steady state balance to develop between centrifugal and lateral baroclinic forcing. During the flood tide the confluence of two streams with different velocities produced a strong lateral gradient in streamwise velocity. As a result, lateral advection was a significant term in the streamwise momentum balance, having the same order of magnitude as the barotropic and baroclinic pressure gradients, and the frictional terms. During the first part of the ebb, secondary currents were induced by lateral baroclinic forcing. The direction of the secondary circulation reversed later in the ebb, as the baroclinic forcing became weaker than the centrifugal acceleration. The gradient Richardson number showed that stratification was stable over most of the tidal cycle, decreasing the importance of friction and allowing secondary currents to persist.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2000JC000606","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Lacy, J., and Monismith, S., 2001, Secondary currents in a curved, stratified, estuarine channel: Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans, v. 106, no. C12, p. 31283-31302, https://doi.org/10.1029/2000JC000606.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"31283","endPage":"31302","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":233711,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"San Francisco","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.59229961053053,\n 37.78081643273997\n ],\n [\n -121.69691386834295,\n 37.95860668805284\n ],\n [\n -121.7738181652179,\n 38.1230045440949\n ],\n [\n -122.26820293084302,\n 38.36460172449671\n ],\n [\n -122.63624492303052,\n 38.15324809066516\n ],\n [\n -122.59229961053053,\n 37.78081643273997\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"106","issue":"C12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2001-12-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b891be4b08c986b316d1c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lacy, J.R.","contributorId":68508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lacy","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Monismith, Stephen G.","contributorId":57228,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Monismith","given":"Stephen G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70023425,"text":"70023425 - 2001 - Coral bleaching, hurricane damage, and benthic cover on coral reefs in St. John, U.S. Virgin Islands: A comparison of surveys with the chain transect method and videography","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-21T11:37:11","indexId":"70023425","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1106,"text":"Bulletin of Marine Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Coral bleaching, hurricane damage, and benthic cover on coral reefs in St. John, U.S. Virgin Islands: A comparison of surveys with the chain transect method and videography","docAbstract":"

The linear chain transect method and videography were used to quantify the percent cover by corals, macroalgae, gorgonians, other living organisms, and substrate along permanent transects on two fringing reefs off St. John. Both methods were used simultaneously on Lameshur reef in November 1998, and on Newfound reef in March and October 1998. Hurricane Georges passed over St. John in September 1998, and a severe coral bleaching episode began the same month. Both methods gave remarkably similar values for coral cover, while the video method gave consistently higher values for gorgonians and macroalgae. The most dramatic difference was in the quantification of bleaching. At Newfound, the chain method indicated 13.4% (SD = 14.1) of the coral tissues were bleached and the video method, 43.4% (SD = 13.0). Corresponding values at Lameshur were 18.1% (SD = 22.3) and 46.5% (SD = 13.3). Although hurricane damage was conspicuous at Newfound reef, neither method showed significant changes in coral cover or other categories as a result of the storm.

","language":"English","publisher":"University of Miami - Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science","issn":"00074977","usgsCitation":"Rogers, C., and Miller, J., 2001, Coral bleaching, hurricane damage, and benthic cover on coral reefs in St. John, U.S. Virgin Islands: A comparison of surveys with the chain transect method and videography: Bulletin of Marine Science, v. 69, no. 2, p. 459-470.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"459","endPage":"470","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232646,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":312620,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/umrsmas/bullmar/2001/00000069/00000002/art00019"}],"volume":"69","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fc06e4b0c8380cd4e0b0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rogers, C.S. 0000-0001-9056-6961","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9056-6961","contributorId":37274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rogers","given":"C.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, J.","contributorId":16939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70023435,"text":"70023435 - 2001 - Habitat fragmentation effects on birds in grasslands and wetlands: A critique of our knowledge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-24T11:41:38","indexId":"70023435","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1859,"text":"Great Plains Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Habitat fragmentation effects on birds in grasslands and wetlands: A critique of our knowledge","docAbstract":"Habitat fragmentation exacerbates the problem of habitat loss for grassland and wetland birds. Remaining patches of grasslands and wetlands may be too small, too isolated, and too influenced by edge effects to maintain viable populations of some breeding birds. Knowledge of the effects of fragmentation on bird populations is critically important for decisions about reserve design, grassland and wetland management, and implementation of cropland set-aside programs that benefit wildlife. In my review of research that has been conducted on habitat fragmentation, I found at least five common problems in the methodology used. The results of many studies are compromised by these problems: passive sampling (sampling larger areas in larger patches), confounding effects of habitat heterogeneity, consequences of inappropriate pooling of data from different species, artifacts associated with artificial nest data, and definition of actual habitat patches. As expected, some large-bodied birds with large territorial requirements, such as the northern harrier (Circus cyaneus), appear area sensitive. In addition, some small species of grassland birds favor patches of habitat far in excess of their territory size, including the Savannah (Passerculus sandwichensis), grasshopper (Ammodramus savannarum) and Henslow's (A. henslowii) sparrows, and the bobolink (Dolichonyx oryzivorus). Other species may be area sensitive as well, but the data are ambiguous. Area sensitivity among wetland birds remains unknown since virtually no studies have been based on solid methodologies. We need further research on grassland bird response to habitat that distinguishes supportable conclusions from those that may be artifactual.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Great Plains Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"10525165","usgsCitation":"Johnson, D.H., 2001, Habitat fragmentation effects on birds in grasslands and wetlands: A critique of our knowledge: Great Plains Research, v. 11, no. 2, p. 211-231.","startPage":"211","endPage":"231","numberOfPages":"21","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":268123,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/greatplainsresearch/568/"},{"id":232131,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2f0de4b0c8380cd5ca44","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Douglas H. 0000-0002-7778-6641","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7778-6641","contributorId":70327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70022742,"text":"70022742 - 2001 - Effects of pool formation and flash flooding on relative abundance of young-of-year flannelmouth suckers in the Paria River, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-23T14:48:15","indexId":"70022742","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3246,"text":"Regulated Rivers: Research & Management","printIssn":"0886-9375","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of pool formation and flash flooding on relative abundance of young-of-year flannelmouth suckers in the Paria River, Arizona","docAbstract":"

Flannelmouth sucker, Catostomus latipinnis, a fish endemic to the Colorado River basin in the western United States, appears to experience poor recruitment to adult size in the Colorado River, downstream of Glen Canyon Dam. Lack or impermanence of rearing areas for young-of-year (YOY) fish is hypothesized to be the problem. Knowing the importance of tributary mouths as rearing areas in other river systems, we studied use of the mouth of the Paria River, a tributary of the Colorado River, by YOY flannelmouth suckers, and the availability of rearing area in the mouth at different flow levels in the Colorado River in 1996 and 1997. We also examined the relationship between flash floods in the Paria River and catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) of YOY in the Paria River between 1991 and 1996.

Maximum mean daily discharge in the Paria River was inversely correlated with CPUE of YOY flannelmouth suckers (Spearman Rho=−0.9856, p=0.0003) during their critical rearing period (15 March–30 June). Thus, it appears that YOY flannelmouth suckers rear longer in the Paria River in years when flash flooding is minimal.

Recruitment of YOY flannelmouth suckers at the Paria River may also be improved by enhancing pool formation during spring and summer rearing seasons. YOY flannelmouth sucker was captured in a pool created by high Colorado River flows (≥336 m3/s) that inundated the mouth of the Paria River during spring and summer, 1996. In 1997, high flows (about 550–750 m3/s) in the Colorado River during winter and spring initially inundated the Paria River and formed a pool in the mouth. However, these high flows eventually caused 0.5–1.0 m of suspended sediment from the incoming Paria River to deposit in the mouth. Thus, despite higher flows than 1996, the slackwater area formed only occasionally in 1997. Differences in pool formation between 1996 and 1997 demonstrate that pool formation cannot be inferred solely from Colorado River flows. 

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/rrr.618","usgsCitation":"Thieme, M.L., McIvor, C., Brouder, M.J., and Hoffnagle, T.L., 2001, Effects of pool formation and flash flooding on relative abundance of young-of-year flannelmouth suckers in the Paria River, Arizona: Regulated Rivers: Research & Management, v. 17, no. 2, p. 145-156, https://doi.org/10.1002/rrr.618.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"145","endPage":"156","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":233712,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizon","otherGeospatial":"Paria River","volume":"17","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2001-03-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0786e4b0c8380cd51731","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thieme, Michele L.","contributorId":18145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thieme","given":"Michele","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McIvor, Carole carole_mcivor@usgs.gov","contributorId":3665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McIvor","given":"Carole","email":"carole_mcivor@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":394737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brouder, Mark J.","contributorId":13015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brouder","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hoffnagle, Timothy L.","contributorId":30523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffnagle","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70023466,"text":"70023466 - 2001 - Water source to four U.S. wetlands: Implications for wetland management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:10","indexId":"70023466","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Water source to four U.S. wetlands: Implications for wetland management","docAbstract":"Results of long-term field studies of wetlands in four different hydrogeologic and climatic settings in the United States indicate that each has considerably different sources of water, which affects their response to climate variability and land-use practices. A fen wetland in New Hampshire is supplied almost entirely by ground water that originates as seepage from Mirror Lake; therefore, stream discharge from the fen closely follows the pattern of Mirror Lake stage fluctuations. A fen wetland in northern Minnesota is supplied largely by discharge from a regional ground-water flow system that has its recharge area 1 to 2 km to the east. Because of the size of this wetland's ground-water watershed, stream discharge from the fen has little variability. A prairie-pothole wetland in North Dakota receives more than 90 percent of its water from precipitation and loses more than 90 percent of its water to evapotranspiration, resulting in highly variable seasonal and annual water levels. A wetland in the sandhills of Nebraska lies in a regional ground-water flow field that extends for tens of kilometers and that contains numerous lakes and wetlands. The wetland receives water that moves through the ground-water system from the upgradient lakes and from ground water in local flow systems that are recharged between the lakes. The difference in sources of water to these wetlands implies that they would require different techniques to protect their water supply and water quality.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wetlands","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"02775212","usgsCitation":"Winter, T.C., Rosenberry, D., Buso, D., and Merk, D., 2001, Water source to four U.S. wetlands: Implications for wetland management: Wetlands, v. 21, no. 4, p. 462-473.","startPage":"462","endPage":"473","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232650,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bcc74e4b08c986b32db60","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Winter, T. C.","contributorId":23485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winter","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rosenberry, D.O. 0000-0003-0681-5641","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-5641","contributorId":38500,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberry","given":"D.O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":397749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Buso, D.C.","contributorId":31392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buso","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Merk, D.A.","contributorId":86357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merk","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70023426,"text":"70023426 - 2001 - Intertidal growth of larval and juvenile lumpfish in maine: A 20-year assessment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:10","indexId":"70023426","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2898,"text":"Northeastern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Intertidal growth of larval and juvenile lumpfish in maine: A 20-year assessment","docAbstract":"Larval and juvenile lumpfish, Cyclopterus lumpus L., were collected and measured over a 20-year period, 1979-1999, from tidepools along the coast of Maine. Using this extensive data base reduces the effects of annual variations in hatching times, early growth patterns, and locale for analyzing monthly size using length measurements. This can provide an effective field measurement of intertidal growth. Most fish were encountered during the months of July and August, and even when adjusted for number of sampling trips, 78% of the juveniles were encountered in tidepools during these months. Based on average lengths, size increased by 23% between June and July, 43% between July and August, and 34% between August and September.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Northeastern Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"10926194","usgsCitation":"Moring, J., 2001, Intertidal growth of larval and juvenile lumpfish in maine: A 20-year assessment: Northeastern Naturalist, v. 8, no. 3, p. 347-354.","startPage":"347","endPage":"354","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232647,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3db3e4b0c8380cd6377d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moring, J.R.","contributorId":29587,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moring","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70023465,"text":"70023465 - 2001 - Use of 17O/16O to trace atmospherically-deposited sulfate in surface waters: A case study in alpine watersheds in the Rocky Mountains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-10-12T17:16:08","indexId":"70023465","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of 17O/16O to trace atmospherically-deposited sulfate in surface waters: A case study in alpine watersheds in the Rocky Mountains","docAbstract":"Building on the discovery of excess 17O in atmospheric sulfate by Lee et al. (2001), we have carried out a case study to determine whether 17O might provide a new tool for quantifying the impact of atmospheric deposition on surface-water sulfate loads. In Rocky Mountain alpine regions, excess 17O was found to be characteristics of atmospheric sulfate deposited in snow. Excess 17O was also evident in stream sulfate in one of two high-elevation watersheds where analyses were made. Isotope mass balance calculations gave surprizingly low atmospheric contributions to stream sulfate suggesting that (1) despite abundant outcrop and sparse soil in these areas, significant sulfate may be taken up and released by soil microbes before being exported in streams, and (2) surface waters can carry multiple non-atmospheric sulfate types, some possibly anthropogenic. Measurements of 17O may prove very useful in studies of sulfate behavior in a variety of surficial environments.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2001GL012966","issn":"00948276","usgsCitation":"Johnson, C.A., Mast, M., and Kester, C., 2001, Use of 17O/16O to trace atmospherically-deposited sulfate in surface waters: A case study in alpine watersheds in the Rocky Mountains: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 28, no. 23, p. 4483-4486, https://doi.org/10.1029/2001GL012966.","startPage":"4483","endPage":"4486","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":478915,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2001gl012966","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":207582,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001GL012966"},{"id":232649,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"23","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbe54e4b08c986b329526","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, C. A. 0000-0002-1334-2996","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1334-2996","contributorId":27492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"C.","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mast, M.A.","contributorId":67871,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mast","given":"M.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kester, C.L.","contributorId":44874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kester","given":"C.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70023428,"text":"70023428 - 2001 - Aircraft and runway deicers at General Mitchell International Airport, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA. 1. Biochemical oxygen demand and dissolved oxygen in receiving streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-12T16:34:44.038896","indexId":"70023428","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aircraft and runway deicers at General Mitchell International Airport, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA. 1. Biochemical oxygen demand and dissolved oxygen in receiving streams","docAbstract":"Aircraft and runway deicers are used during cold weather at many of the world's airports to facilitate safe air travel. Propylene glycol-, ethylene glycol-, and urea-based deicers are known to have very high biochemical oxygen demand. At General Mitchell International Airport (GMIA) in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA, deicer application, water chemistry, and dissolved oxygen (DO) data were collected for two deicing seasons in order to evaluate and define premanagement water quality parameters prior to the implementation of a glycol management program. Calculations using stream-monitoring data during a controlled release of deicer provided an estimate of 0.8/d for the first-order decay rate constant, substantially higher than published laboratory test results. For eight precipitation events with deicing activities, between 2.4 and 99% of propylene and ethylene glycol applied to aircraft was delivered directly to receiving streams. The percentage of glycol runoff during an event increased with increasing storm-flow volume. Elevated concentrations of glycol and biochemical oxygen demand were measured downstream from the airport. However, the frequency of low DO concentrations in the receiving streams is comparable with that at an upstream reference site. This is possibly due to slowed bacteria metabolism at low water temperatures, short travel times, and dilution from downstream tributaries.","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","doi":"10.1002/etc.5620200709","issn":"07307268","usgsCitation":"Corsi, S., Booth, N., and Hall, D.W., 2001, Aircraft and runway deicers at General Mitchell International Airport, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA. 1. Biochemical oxygen demand and dissolved oxygen in receiving streams: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 20, no. 7, p. 1474-1482, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620200709.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1474","endPage":"1482","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232688,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","city":"Milwaukee","otherGeospatial":"General Mitchell International Airport","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -87.88736343383789,\n 42.929907987457206\n ],\n [\n -87.88187026977539,\n 42.95943765774351\n ],\n [\n -87.88942337036133,\n 42.95931202958201\n ],\n [\n -87.88942337036133,\n 42.96132204938573\n ],\n [\n -87.88787841796875,\n 42.963457623478156\n ],\n [\n -87.88702011108398,\n 42.96697487803267\n ],\n [\n -87.89405822753906,\n 42.96684926526142\n ],\n [\n -87.89749145507812,\n 42.96559312344092\n ],\n [\n -87.89714813232422,\n 42.95943765774351\n ],\n [\n -87.90109634399414,\n 42.95956328564849\n ],\n [\n -87.90332794189453,\n 42.96169892078859\n ],\n [\n -87.9096794128418,\n 42.96207578988295\n ],\n [\n -87.90950775146484,\n 42.948004444683725\n ],\n [\n -87.92375564575195,\n 42.942601198450284\n ],\n [\n -87.92547225952148,\n 42.93782584192321\n ],\n [\n -87.92444229125977,\n 42.93455827932248\n ],\n [\n -87.9180908203125,\n 42.93518667021124\n ],\n [\n -87.91156768798828,\n 42.937951513945265\n ],\n [\n -87.90950775146484,\n 42.93807718571084\n ],\n [\n -87.9100227355957,\n 42.93003367563783\n ],\n [\n -87.90349960327147,\n 42.93015936356198\n ],\n [\n -87.90075302124023,\n 42.92852540054244\n ],\n [\n -87.90006637573242,\n 42.92613722277429\n ],\n [\n -87.8961181640625,\n 42.92601152664274\n ],\n [\n -87.89525985717772,\n 42.93015936356198\n ],\n [\n -87.88736343383789,\n 42.929907987457206\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"20","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2001-07-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e92ae4b0c8380cd48127","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Corsi, S.R.","contributorId":76346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Corsi","given":"S.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Booth, N.L.","contributorId":60815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Booth","given":"N.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hall, D. W.","contributorId":106528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hall","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70023429,"text":"70023429 - 2001 - Stepped-combustion 14C dating of sediment: A comparison with established techniques","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-23T16:06:36.693376","indexId":"70023429","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3225,"text":"Radiocarbon","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Stepped-combustion 14C dating of sediment: A comparison with established techniques","title":"Stepped-combustion 14C dating of sediment: A comparison with established techniques","docAbstract":"

Radiocarbon dating of bulk sediment has long been used as a method of last resort when reliable wood, charcoal, or plant macrofossils are not available for analysis. Accurate dating of sediment is complicated by the presence of multiple organic carbon fractions, each with a potentially different 14C activity. Additionally, the presence of carbon bound by clay minerals can significantly reduce the accuracy of a sediment age determination, with the oldest 14C ages seen in samples with the highest clay content (Scharpenseel and Becker-Heidmann 1992).

","language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1017/S003382220003808X","issn":"00338222","usgsCitation":"McGeehin, J., Burr, G.S., Juli, A., Reines, D., Gosse, J., Davis, P., Muhs, D., and Southon, J.R., 2001, Stepped-combustion 14C dating of sediment: A comparison with established techniques: Radiocarbon, v. 43, no. 2A, p. 255-261, https://doi.org/10.1017/S003382220003808X.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"255","endPage":"261","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":478923,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s003382220003808x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":232730,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","issue":"2A","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-07-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b982ee4b08c986b31bea4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McGeehin, J.","contributorId":49554,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGeehin","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burr, G. S.","contributorId":60414,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burr","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Juli, A.J.T.","contributorId":27643,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Juli","given":"A.J.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Reines, D.","contributorId":42392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reines","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gosse, J.","contributorId":32332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gosse","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Davis, P.T.","contributorId":71695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"P.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Muhs, D.","contributorId":92463,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhs","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Southon, J. R.","contributorId":24895,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Southon","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70023433,"text":"70023433 - 2001 - Wisconsin Glaciation of the Sierra Nevada (79,000-15,000 yr B.P.) as recorded by rock flour in sediments of Owens Lake, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:01","indexId":"70023433","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3218,"text":"Quaternary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Wisconsin Glaciation of the Sierra Nevada (79,000-15,000 yr B.P.) as recorded by rock flour in sediments of Owens Lake, California","docAbstract":"Chemical analyses of the clay-sized fractions of 564 continuous sediment samples (200-yr resolution) from composite core OL90/92 allow quantification of an abundance of glacial rock flour. Rock flour produced during glacier advances is represented by clay-sized plagioclase, K-feldspar, and biotite in homogeneous internal composition. The abundance of rock flour is deemed proportional to the intensity of glacies advances. Age control for the composite section is provided by combining previously published radiocarbon dates on organics, U/Th dates on ostracode shells, and U/Th dates on saline minerals from nearby Searles Lake correlated to OL92 by pollen. The rock flour record displays three levels of variability: (1) a dominant one of about 20,000 yr related to summer insolation and precipitation; (2) an intermediate one of 3000-5000 yr, perhaps related to North Atlantic Heinrich events; and (3) a minor one of 1000-2000 yr, perhaps related to North Atlantic thermohaline-driven air-temperature variation. ?? 2001 University of Washington.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1006/qres.2000.2183","issn":"00335894","usgsCitation":"Bischoff, J.L., and Cummins, K., 2001, Wisconsin Glaciation of the Sierra Nevada (79,000-15,000 yr B.P.) as recorded by rock flour in sediments of Owens Lake, California: Quaternary Research, v. 55, no. 1, p. 14-24, https://doi.org/10.1006/qres.2000.2183.","startPage":"14","endPage":"24","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207298,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1006/qres.2000.2183"},{"id":232129,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"55","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd16be4b08c986b32f401","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bischoff, J. L.","contributorId":28969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bischoff","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cummins, K.","contributorId":97280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cummins","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70023464,"text":"70023464 - 2001 - Potential contribution of microbial degradation to natural attenuation of MTBE in surface water systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:10","indexId":"70023464","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":610,"text":"ACS Division of Environmental Chemistry, Preprints","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Potential contribution of microbial degradation to natural attenuation of MTBE in surface water systems","docAbstract":"The potential contribution of in situ biodegradation as a mechanism for natural attenuation of MTBE in surface water was studied. Surface water sediments from streams and lakes at 11 sites throughout the US. Microbial degradation of [U-14C] MTBE was observed in surface-water-sediment microcosms under anaerobic conditions, but the efficiency and products of anaerobic MTBE biodegradation were strongly dependent on the predominant terminal electron accepting conditions. In the presence of substantial methanogenic activity, MTBE biodegradation was nominal and involved reduction of MTBE to t-butanol (TBA). Under more oxidizing conditions, minimal accumulation of 14C-TBA and significant mineralization of [U-14C] MTBE to 14CO2 were observed. Microorganisms inhabiting the bed sediments of streams and lakes could degrade MTBE effectively under a range of anaerobic terminal electron accepting conditions. Thus, anaerobic bed sediment microbial processes also might contribute to natural attenuation of MTBE in surface water systems throughout the US. This is an abstract of a paper presented at the 222nd ACS National Meting (Chicago, IL 8/26-30/2001).","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"ACS Division of Environmental Chemistry, Preprints","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"conferenceTitle":"222nd ACS National Meeting","conferenceDate":"26 August 2001 through 30 August 2001","conferenceLocation":"Chicago, IL","language":"English","issn":"00933066","usgsCitation":"Bradley, P., Chapelle, F.H., and Landmeyer, J., 2001, Potential contribution of microbial degradation to natural attenuation of MTBE in surface water systems: ACS Division of Environmental Chemistry, Preprints, v. 41, no. 2, p. 435-438.","startPage":"435","endPage":"438","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232648,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"41","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7ec3e4b0c8380cd7a725","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bradley, P. M. 0000-0001-7522-8606","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7522-8606","contributorId":29465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"P. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chapelle, F. H.","contributorId":101697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapelle","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Landmeyer, J. E.","contributorId":91140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landmeyer","given":"J. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70023462,"text":"70023462 - 2001 - Trends in Northern Hemisphere surface cyclone frequency and intensity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:10","indexId":"70023462","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2216,"text":"Journal of Climate","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trends in Northern Hemisphere surface cyclone frequency and intensity","docAbstract":"One of the hypothesized effects of global warming from increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases is a change in the frequency and/or intensity of extratropical cyclones. In this study, winter frequencies and intensities of extratropical cyclones in the Northern Hemisphere for the period 1959-97 are examined to determine if identifiable trends are occurring. Results indicate a statistically significant decrease in midlatitude cyclone frequency and a significant increase in high-latitude cyclone frequency. In addition, storm intensity has increased in both the high and midlatitudes. The changes in storm frequency correlate with changes in winter Northern Hemisphere temperature and support hypotheses that global warming may result in a northward shift of storm tracks in the Northern Hemisphere.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Climate","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"08948755","usgsCitation":"McCabe, G., Clark, M., and Serreze, M.C., 2001, Trends in Northern Hemisphere surface cyclone frequency and intensity: Journal of Climate, v. 14, no. 12, p. 2763-2768.","startPage":"2763","endPage":"2768","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232607,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb7d8e4b08c986b327503","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCabe, G.J. 0000-0002-9258-2997","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9258-2997","contributorId":12961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCabe","given":"G.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clark, M.P.","contributorId":49558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"M.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Serreze, Mark C.","contributorId":98491,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Serreze","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1008267,"text":"1008267 - 2001 - Varied ecosystems need different fire protection","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-30T09:38:05","indexId":"1008267","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Varied ecosystems need different fire protection","docAbstract":"

Covington states in his Commentary1 that the open ponderosa pine forests of the western United States are \"in widespread collapse\" because fire suppression by humans has eliminated the low-intensity surface fire regime that maintained the open, park-like structure of these forests. He fears this will lead to an \"unprecedented\" crown fire regime that will eliminate forests.

","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/35059312","usgsCitation":"Gutsell, S.L., Johnson, E.A., Miyanishi, K., Keeley, J.E., Dickinson, M., and Bridge, S.R., 2001, Varied ecosystems need different fire protection: Nature, v. 409, p. 977-977, https://doi.org/10.1038/35059312.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"977","endPage":"977","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478863,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/35059312","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":131088,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"409","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a14e4b07f02db602a7a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gutsell, Sheri L.","contributorId":175051,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gutsell","given":"Sheri","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Edward A. ejohnson@usgs.gov","contributorId":50836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Edward","email":"ejohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":317208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miyanishi, Kiyoko","contributorId":175052,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miyanishi","given":"Kiyoko","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Keeley, Jon E. 0000-0002-4564-6521 jon_keeley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4564-6521","contributorId":1268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keeley","given":"Jon","email":"jon_keeley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":317207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dickinson, Matthew","contributorId":175053,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dickinson","given":"Matthew","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bridge, Simon R. J.","contributorId":175054,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bridge","given":"Simon","email":"","middleInitial":"R. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70023434,"text":"70023434 - 2001 - Description and evaluation of a remote camera and triggering system to monitor carnivores","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:01","indexId":"70023434","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Description and evaluation of a remote camera and triggering system to monitor carnivores","docAbstract":"Remotely triggered cameras have been used in many ecological studies, but most are relatively inexpensive one-time-only systems or expensive infrared systems. We describe the setup and wiring technique for a moderately priced, multiple-photo camera system. Two study areas, California and Vermont, were used to assess usefulness of the camera system. Although some target carnivore species were photographed regularly, visitation rates of other carnivores were low, due either to low population densities or camera shyness. Cameras generally worked well under all conditions, but the pressure-plate triggering devices sometimes became inoperable during heavy rains. Other camera activation systems may reveal additional uses for this remote camera system.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00917648","usgsCitation":"York, E., Moruzzi, T., Fuller, T., Organ, J., Sauvajot, R., and DeGraaf, R., 2001, Description and evaluation of a remote camera and triggering system to monitor carnivores: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 29, no. 4, p. 1228-1237.","startPage":"1228","endPage":"1237","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232130,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fee6e4b0c8380cd4ef9d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"York, E.C.","contributorId":36702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"York","given":"E.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moruzzi, T.L.","contributorId":93245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moruzzi","given":"T.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fuller, T.K.","contributorId":98252,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"T.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Organ, J.F.","contributorId":38326,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Organ","given":"J.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sauvajot, R.M.","contributorId":33088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauvajot","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"DeGraaf, R.M.","contributorId":75116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeGraaf","given":"R.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70023457,"text":"70023457 - 2001 - Lithodiversity and its spatial association with metallic mineral sites, Great Basin of Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-22T19:08:19.080634","indexId":"70023457","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2832,"text":"Natural Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1573-8981","printIssn":"1520-7439","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lithodiversity and its spatial association with metallic mineral sites, Great Basin of Nevada","docAbstract":"

Geographical information system (GIS) techniques were used to investigate the spatial association between metallic mineral sites and lithodiversity in Nevada. Mineral site data sets include various size and type subsets of about 5,500 metal-bearing occurrences and deposits. Lithodiversity was calculated by counting the number of unique geological map units within four sizes of square-shaped sample neighborhoods (2.5-by-2.5, 5-by-5, 10-by-10, and 20-by-20 km) on three different scales of geological maps (national, 1:2,500,000; state, 1:500,000; county, 1:250,000). The spatial association between mineral sites and lithodiversity was observed to increase with increasing lithodiversity. This relationship is consistent for (1) both basin-range and range-only regions, (2) four sizes of sample neighborhoods, (3) various mineral site subsets, (4) the three scales of geological maps, and (5) areas not covered by large-scale maps. A map scale of 1:500,000 and lithodiversity sampling neighborhood of 5-by-5 km was determined to best describe the association. Positive associations occurred for areas having >3 geological map units per neighborhood, with the strongest observed at approximately >7 units. Areas in Nevada with more than three geological map units per 5-by-5 km neighborhood contain more mineral sites than would be expected resulting from chance. High lithodiversity likely reflects the occurrence of complex structural, stratigraphic, and intrusive relationships that are thought to control, focus, localize, or expose mineralization. The application of lithodiversity measurements to areas that are not well explored may help delineate regional-scale exploration targets and provide GIS-supported mineral resource assessment and exploration activity another method that makes use of widely available geological map data.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1023/A:1012569225111","issn":"15207439","usgsCitation":"Mihalasky, M., and Bonham-Carter, G.F., 2001, Lithodiversity and its spatial association with metallic mineral sites, Great Basin of Nevada: Natural Resources Research, v. 10, no. 3, p. 209-226, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1012569225111.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"209","endPage":"226","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232527,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Great Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.30253929528,\n 36.31974362640953\n ],\n [\n -115.9562068978177,\n 36.442506812478015\n ],\n [\n -115.67056236656772,\n 36.891932970588755\n ],\n [\n -115.46182213219298,\n 37.03238787814462\n ],\n [\n -114.79165611656788,\n 37.198841287861526\n ],\n [\n -114.54995689781774,\n 37.48707380681229\n ],\n [\n -114.04458580406789,\n 37.548071719773205\n ],\n [\n -114.01738304528034,\n 42.00743165806438\n ],\n [\n -115.89604515465514,\n 41.999267654974176\n ],\n [\n -116.41240257653014,\n 41.425186214732406\n ],\n [\n -116.84086937340511,\n 41.30150208401204\n ],\n [\n -117.5000490609051,\n 41.991102604355916\n ],\n [\n -120.0159182015303,\n 41.999267654974176\n ],\n [\n -120.00493187340493,\n 38.98094835885698\n ],\n [\n -116.30253929528,\n 36.31974362640953\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"10","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4832e4b0c8380cd67cab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mihalasky, M.J. 0000-0002-0082-3029","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0082-3029","contributorId":40759,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mihalasky","given":"M.J.","affiliations":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":397722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bonham-Carter, G. F.","contributorId":39137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonham-Carter","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70023438,"text":"70023438 - 2001 - Catchment-scale variation in the nitrate concentrations of groundwater seeps in the Catskill Mountains, New York, U.S.A.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:00","indexId":"70023438","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3728,"text":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","onlineIssn":"1573-2932","printIssn":"0049-6979","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Catchment-scale variation in the nitrate concentrations of groundwater seeps in the Catskill Mountains, New York, U.S.A.","docAbstract":"Forested headwater streams in the Catskill Mountains of New York show significant among-catchment variability in mean annual nitrate (NO3-) concentrations. Large contributions from deep groundwater with high NO3- concentrations have been invoked to explain high NO3- concentrations in stream water during the growing season. To determine whether variable contributions of groundwater could explain among-catchment differences in streamwater, we measured NO3- concentrations in 58 groundwater seeps distributed across six catchments known to have different annual average streamwater concentrations. Seeps were identified based on release from bedrock fractures and bedding planes and had consistently lower temperatures than adjacent streamwaters. Nitrate concentrations in seeps ranged from near detection limits (0.005 mg NO3--N/L) to 0.75 mg NO3--N/L. Within individual catchments, groundwater residence time does not seem to strongly affect NO3- concentrations because in three out of four catchments there were non-significant correlations between seep silica (SiO2) concentrations, a proxy for residence time, and seep NO3- concentrations. Across catchments, there was a significant but weak negative relationship between NO3- and SiO2 concentrations. The large range in NO3- concentrations of seeps across catchments suggests: 1) the principal process generating among-catchment differences in streamwater NO3- concentrations must influence water before it enters the groundwater flow system and 2) this process must act at large spatial scales because among-catchment variability is much greater than intra-catchment variability. Differences in the quantity of groundwater contribution to stream baseflow are not sufficient to account for differences in streamwater NO3- concentrations among catchments in the Catskill Mountains.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water, Air, and Soil Pollution","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1023/A:1013268004513","issn":"00496979","usgsCitation":"West, A., Findlay, S., Burns, D.A., Weathers, K., and Lovett, G., 2001, Catchment-scale variation in the nitrate concentrations of groundwater seeps in the Catskill Mountains, New York, U.S.A.: Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, v. 132, no. 3-4, p. 389-400, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1013268004513.","startPage":"389","endPage":"400","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207340,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1013268004513"},{"id":232208,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"132","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f3cde4b0c8380cd4b987","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"West, A.J.","contributorId":6224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"West","given":"A.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Findlay, S.E.G.","contributorId":10531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Findlay","given":"S.E.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burns, Douglas A. 0000-0001-6516-2869","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6516-2869","contributorId":29450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burns","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Weathers, K.C.","contributorId":41378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weathers","given":"K.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lovett, Gary M.","contributorId":85990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lovett","given":"Gary M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70023461,"text":"70023461 - 2001 - Formation and transport of the sulfonic acid metabolites of alachlor and metolachlor in soil","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-30T06:32:50","indexId":"70023461","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Formation and transport of the sulfonic acid metabolites of alachlor and metolachlor in soil","docAbstract":"

Alachlor and metolachlor are dechlorinated and transformed into their corresponding ethane sulfonic acid (ESA) metabolites in soil. In a field-disappearance study, it was shown that alachlor ESA was formed at a faster rate and at concentrations 2−4 times higher than metolachlor ESA, conforming with the observed longer disappearance half-life of metolachlor (15.5 d) in the field as compared to alachlor (8 d). Runoff data also showed higher concentrations of alachlor ESA as compared to metolachlor ESA, even though they were applied at the same levels. Data from soil cores showed transport of the ESA compounds in soil to as far down as 75−90 cm below the surface, at concentrations ranging from less than 0.5 μg/L to about 50 μg/L. In contrast, no parent herbicide was detected at these depths. This observation correlates with the higher log Koc values for alachlor (3.33) and metolachlor (3.01) relative to their corresponding ESA metabolites, alachlor ESA (2.26), and metolachlor ESA (2.29).

","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es991264s","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Aga, D., and Thurman, E., 2001, Formation and transport of the sulfonic acid metabolites of alachlor and metolachlor in soil: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 35, no. 12, p. 2455-2460, https://doi.org/10.1021/es991264s.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"2455","endPage":"2460","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":232606,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":207556,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es991264s"}],"volume":"35","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2001-04-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a134ae4b0c8380cd545c6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aga, D.S.","contributorId":18521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aga","given":"D.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thurman, E.M.","contributorId":102864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thurman","given":"E.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}