{"pageNumber":"3118","pageRowStart":"77925","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184828,"records":[{"id":70194289,"text":"70194289 - 2001 - Effective population size and genetic structure of a Piute ground squirrel (Spermophilus mollis) population","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-21T14:19:16","indexId":"70194289","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1176,"text":"Canadian Journal of Zoology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Effective population size and genetic structure of a Piute ground squirrel (<i>Spermophilus mollis</i>) population","title":"Effective population size and genetic structure of a Piute ground squirrel (Spermophilus mollis) population","docAbstract":"<p>Piute ground squirrels (<i>Spermophilus mollis</i>) are distributed continuously in habitat dominated by native shrubs and perennial grasses in the Snake River Birds of Prey National Conservation Area in Idaho, U.S.A. This habitat is being fragmented and replaced by exotic annual plants, changing it to a wildfire-dominated system that provides poor habitat for ground squirrels. To assess potential effects of this fragmentation on ground squirrel populations, we combined an estimate of effective population size (<i>N</i><sub>e</sub>) based upon a demographic study with a population genetic analysis. The study area included three subpopulations separated from each other by 8–13 km. The ratio of effective population size to census number (<i>N</i><sub>e</sub>/<i>N</i>) was 0.57. Combining <i>N</i><sub>e</sub>/<i>N</i> with dispersal distances from a radio-tracking study, we calculated that neighborhood size was 62.2 ha, which included between 204 and 480 individuals. Our population genetic analysis (based on randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and microsatellite markers) showed relatively low levels of genetic differentiation (Q<sub>populations</sub> <span class=\"NLM_inline-graphic\"><img src=\"http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/na101/home/literatum/publisher/nrc/journals/content/cjz/2001/cjz7901/z00-170/production/images/medium/congru.gif\" alt=\"\" data-mce-src=\"http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/na101/home/literatum/publisher/nrc/journals/content/cjz/2001/cjz7901/z00-170/production/images/medium/congru.gif\"></span> 0.07–0.10) between subpopulations and no inbreeding within subpopulations (<i>f</i> = 0.0003). These estimates of population subdivision translate into an effective migration rate (<i>N</i><sub>e</sub><i>m</i>) of 2.3–3.3 per year, which represents a high level of gene flow. Invasion by exotics will reduce the overall productivity of the habitat, and will lead to isolation among subpopulations if favorable habitat patches become isolated.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/z00-170","usgsCitation":"Antolin, M.F., Van Horne, B., and Berger,  ., 2001, Effective population size and genetic structure of a Piute ground squirrel (Spermophilus mollis) population: Canadian Journal of Zoology, v. 79, no. 1, p. 26-34, https://doi.org/10.1139/z00-170.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"26","endPage":"34","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":349223,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"79","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a612054e4b06e28e9c25b39","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Antolin, Michael F.","contributorId":85469,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Antolin","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":6998,"text":"Department of Biology, Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":723100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Van Horne, Beatrice","contributorId":59001,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Horne","given":"Beatrice","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Berger,  Michael D.","contributorId":83139,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Berger","given":" Michael D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70162305,"text":"70162305 - 2001 - Morphometrics, sexual dimorphism, and growth in the Angonoka tortoise (<i>Geochelone yniphora</i>) of western Madagascar","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-21T10:27:31","indexId":"70162305","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":671,"text":"African Journal of Herpetology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Morphometrics, sexual dimorphism, and growth in the Angonoka tortoise (<i>Geochelone yniphora</i>) of western Madagascar","docAbstract":"<p><span>The most recent description of the morphology of the rare endemic Madagascar tortoise,</span><i>Geochelone yniphora</i><span>&nbsp;was based on fewer than 20 specimens. We collected morphological data for 200 free‐ranging tortoises from five populations over a four‐year period. Tortoises ranged in size from 43.5 mm carapace length at hatching to a maximum of 481 mm in an adult male. We were able to develop a logistic regression model to predict the sex of adult tortoises in one of the five populations using principal component analysis; the model correctly predicted the sex of 25 of 26 adult tortoises. Growth of 40 tortoises was monitored and as in other chelonians, the annual relative growth rate decreased with age. The relative growth rate in adults was approximately 5% per year as compared to approximately 16% in juveniles. Juvenile tortoises accrued one scute growth layer per year.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/21564574.2001.9635446","usgsCitation":"Smith, L.L., Pedrono, M., Dorazio, R.M., and Bishko, J., 2001, Morphometrics, sexual dimorphism, and growth in the Angonoka tortoise (<i>Geochelone yniphora</i>) of western Madagascar: African Journal of Herpetology, v. 50, no. 1, p. 9-18, https://doi.org/10.1080/21564574.2001.9635446.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"9","endPage":"18","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314575,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"50","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56a20f4be4b0961cf2811c02","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Lora L.","contributorId":53684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Lora","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pedrono, Miguel","contributorId":152391,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pedrono","given":"Miguel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dorazio, Robert M. 0000-0003-2663-0468 bob_dorazio@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2663-0468","contributorId":1668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dorazio","given":"Robert","email":"bob_dorazio@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":589174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bishko, Jack","contributorId":152396,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bishko","given":"Jack","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70194282,"text":"70194282 - 2001 - A model for nematode locomotion in soil","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-21T13:46:41","indexId":"70194282","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5558,"text":"Nematology","onlineIssn":"1568-5411","printIssn":"1388-5545","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A model for nematode locomotion in soil","docAbstract":"<p>Locomotion of nematodes in soil is important for both practical and theoretical reasons. We constructed a model for rate of locomotion. The first model component is a simple simulation of nematode movement among finite cells by both random and directed behaviours. Optimisation procedures were used to fit the simulation output to data from published experiments on movement along columns of soil or washed sand, and thus to estimate the values of the model's movement coefficients. The coefficients then provided an objective means to compare rates of locomotion among studies done under different experimental conditions. The second component of the model is an equation to predict the movement coefficients as a function of controlling factors that have been addressed experimentally: soil texture, bulk density, water potential, temperature, trophic group of nematode, presence of an attractant or physical gradient and the duration of the experiment. Parameters of the equation were estimated by optimisation to achieve a good fit to the estimated movement coefficients. Bulk density, which has been reported in a minority of published studies, is predicted to have an important effect on rate of locomotion, at least in fine-textured soils. Soil sieving, which appears to be a universal practice in laboratory studies of nematode movement, is predicted to negatively affect locomotion. Slower movement in finer textured soils would be expected to increase isolation among local populations, and thus to promote species richness. Future additions to the model that might improve its utility include representing heterogeneity within populations in rate of movement, development of gradients of chemical attractants, trade-offs between random and directed components of movement, species differences in optimal temperature and water potential, and interactions among factors controlling locomotion.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Brill Publishers","doi":"10.1163/156854101753536082","usgsCitation":"Hunt, H.W., Wall, D., DeCrappeo, N., and Brenner, J.S., 2001, A model for nematode locomotion in soil: Nematology, v. 3, no. 7, p. 705-716, https://doi.org/10.1163/156854101753536082.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"705","endPage":"716","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":349213,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a612054e4b06e28e9c25b3d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hunt, H. William","contributorId":35665,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hunt","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"William","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wall, Diana H.","contributorId":189136,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wall","given":"Diana H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"DeCrappeo, Nicole 0000-0002-6928-8853 ndecrappeo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6928-8853","contributorId":1939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeCrappeo","given":"Nicole","email":"ndecrappeo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":723072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brenner, John S.","contributorId":196100,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brenner","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70024318,"text":"70024318 - 2001 - Seasonal food habits of swift fox (Vulpes velox) in cropland and rangeland landscapes in western Kansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-20T14:17:30","indexId":"70024318","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":737,"text":"American Midland Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Seasonal food habits of swift fox (<i>Vulpes velox</i>) in cropland and rangeland landscapes in western Kansas","title":"Seasonal food habits of swift fox (Vulpes velox) in cropland and rangeland landscapes in western Kansas","docAbstract":"<p><span>Food habits of swift foxes (</span><i>Vulpes velox</i><span>) occupying two distinct landscapes (dominated by cropland versus rangeland) in western Kansas were determined by analysis of scats collected in 1993 and 1996. Frequencies of occurrence of prey items in scats were compared between cropland and rangeland areas by season. Overall, the most frequently occurring foods of swift foxes were mammals (92% of all scats) and arthropods (87%), followed by birds (24%), carrion (23%), plants (15%) and reptiles (4%). No differences were detected between landscapes for occurrence of mammals, arthropods or carrion in any season (P ≥ 0.100). Plants, specifically commercial sunflower seeds, were consumed more frequently in cropland than in rangeland in spring (P = 0.004) and fall (P = 0.001). Birds were more common in the swift fox diet in cropland than in rangeland during the fall (P = 0.008), whereas reptiles occurred more frequently in the diet in rangeland than in cropland during spring (P = 0.042). Variation in the diet of the swift fox between areas was most likely due to its opportunistic foraging behavior, resulting in a diet that closely links prey use with availability.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"University of Notre Dame","doi":"10.1674/0003-0031(2001)145[0101:SFHOSF]2.0.CO;2","issn":"00030031","usgsCitation":"Sovada, M., Roy, C., and Telesco, D., 2001, Seasonal food habits of swift fox (Vulpes velox) in cropland and rangeland landscapes in western Kansas: American Midland Naturalist, v. 145, no. 1, p. 101-111, https://doi.org/10.1674/0003-0031(2001)145[0101:SFHOSF]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"101","endPage":"111","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":231693,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"145","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b88a6e4b08c986b316aa8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sovada, M.A.","contributorId":54534,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sovada","given":"M.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roy, C.C.","contributorId":30589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roy","given":"C.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Telesco, D.J.","contributorId":61983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Telesco","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70024292,"text":"70024292 - 2001 - Two different electrical properties can improve transoceanic cable-route mapping","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:59","indexId":"70024292","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Two different electrical properties can improve transoceanic cable-route mapping","docAbstract":"Induced polarization (IP) measurements made in the marine environment were investigated to map and remotely characterize the top 6-10 meters of the seafloor. The continuous resistivity profiling with cone-penetrometer tests, providing important information to engineers planning transoceanic cable routes, was also described. The IP effect and resistivity were identified as the two electric properties to improve transoceanic cable-route mapping. The measurement of IP and resistivity was found to depend on electrical current.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference","conferenceTitle":"11th (2001) International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference","conferenceDate":"17 June 2001 through 22 June 2001","conferenceLocation":"Stavanger","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Wynn, J., and McGinnis, T., 2001, Two different electrical properties can improve transoceanic cable-route mapping, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference, v. 1, Stavanger, 17 June 2001 through 22 June 2001, p. 37-41.","startPage":"37","endPage":"41","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231960,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb94ee4b08c986b327bb9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wynn, J.","contributorId":27227,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wynn","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGinnis, T.","contributorId":74541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGinnis","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70162306,"text":"70162306 - 2001 - Ecological scale and its implications for freshwater fishes in the Florida Everglades","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-21T10:36:43","indexId":"70162306","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Ecological scale and its implications for freshwater fishes in the Florida Everglades","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The Everglades, Florida Bay, and coral reefs of the Florida Keys: An ecosystem sourcebook","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"CRC Press","usgsCitation":"Trexler, J., Loftus, W., Jordan, F., Chick, J., Kandl, K.L., McElroy, T.C., and Bass, O.L., 2001, Ecological scale and its implications for freshwater fishes in the Florida Everglades, chap. <i>of</i> The Everglades, Florida Bay, and coral reefs of the Florida Keys: An ecosystem sourcebook, p. 153-181.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"153","endPage":"181","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314577,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":314576,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.crcpress.com/The-Everglades-Florida-Bay-and-Coral-Reefs-of-the-Florida-Keys-An-Ecosystem/Porter/9780849320262"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56a20f47e4b0961cf2811bdf","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Porter, James","contributorId":152399,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Porter","given":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589183,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Trexler, J.C.","contributorId":23108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trexler","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loftus, W.F.","contributorId":29363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loftus","given":"W.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jordan, F.","contributorId":27379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jordan","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chick, J.H.","contributorId":93004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chick","given":"J.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kandl, K. L.","contributorId":152397,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kandl","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"McElroy, T. C.","contributorId":152398,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McElroy","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bass, O. L. Jr.","contributorId":31721,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bass","given":"O.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70024310,"text":"70024310 - 2001 - Late cenozoic fluvial stratigraphy of the New Jersey piedmont: A record of glacioeustasy, planation, and incision on a low-relief passive margin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:17","indexId":"70024310","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2309,"text":"Journal of Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late cenozoic fluvial stratigraphy of the New Jersey piedmont: A record of glacioeustasy, planation, and incision on a low-relief passive margin","docAbstract":"Late Cenozoic fluvial deposits and erosional landforms in the New Jersey Piedmont record two episodes of valley incision, one in the Late Miocene and one in the Early Pleistocene, separated by periods of planation and fluvial deposition. The upland erosion surface and a fluvial gravel are the remnants of a low-relief Late Miocene landscape. Late Miocene incision was followed by deposition of a fluvial plain and cutting of straths in the Pliocene. Early Pleistocene incision produced the present valleys, which contain Middle to Late Pleistocene fluvial deposits. The two incisions correspond to permanent glacioeustatic lowering during expansion of the Antarctic ice sheet in the Middle to Late Miocene and development of Northern Hemisphere ice sheets in the Late Pliocene. Bordering Coastal Plain marine deposits indicate that the upland erosion surface was formed during a rising sea-level trend between the Late Oligocene and Middle Miocene. The Pliocene plain and straths formed during a period of rising sea level in the Early Pliocene. The stratigraphic record indicates that the oldest preserved landforms are no older than Late Miocene, that landscape planation in coastal regions of low-relief passive margins can be achieved in <20 m.yr., and that these surfaces can be incised and dissected in <5 m.yr.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1086/319242","issn":"00221376","usgsCitation":"Stanford, S., Ashley, G., and Brenner, G., 2001, Late cenozoic fluvial stratigraphy of the New Jersey piedmont: A record of glacioeustasy, planation, and incision on a low-relief passive margin: Journal of Geology, v. 109, no. 2, p. 265-276, https://doi.org/10.1086/319242.","startPage":"265","endPage":"276","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207045,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1086/319242"},{"id":231615,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"109","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4545e4b0c8380cd6718e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stanford, S.D.","contributorId":79932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanford","given":"S.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ashley, G.M.","contributorId":99313,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ashley","given":"G.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brenner, G.J.","contributorId":83307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brenner","given":"G.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70024311,"text":"70024311 - 2001 - Assessing large-scale surveyor variability in the historic forest data of the original U.S. Public Land Survey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:16","indexId":"70024311","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1170,"text":"Canadian Journal of Forest Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing large-scale surveyor variability in the historic forest data of the original U.S. Public Land Survey","docAbstract":"The U.S. General Land Office Public Land Survey (PLS) records are a valuable resource for studying pre-European settlement vegetation. However, these data were taken for legal, not ecological, purposes. In turn, the instructions the surveyors followed affected the data collected. For this reason, it has been suggested that the PLS data may not truly represent the surveyed landscapes. This study examined the PLS data of northern Wisconsin, U.S.A., to determine the extent of variability among surveyors. We statistically tested for differences among surveyors in recorded tree species, size, location, and distance from the survey point. While we cannot rule out effects from other influences (e.g., environmental factors), we found evidence suggesting some level of surveyor bias for four of five variables, including tree species and size. The PLS data remain one of the best records of pre-European settlement vegetation available. However, based on our findings, we recommend that projects using PLS records examine these data carefully. This assessment should include not only the choice of variables to be studied but also the spatial extent at which the data will be examined.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Forest Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1139/cjfr-31-10-1719","issn":"00455067","usgsCitation":"Manies, K., Mladenoff, D., and Nordheim, E., 2001, Assessing large-scale surveyor variability in the historic forest data of the original U.S. Public Land Survey: Canadian Journal of Forest Research, v. 31, no. 10, p. 1719-1730, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-31-10-1719.","startPage":"1719","endPage":"1730","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207062,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-31-10-1719"},{"id":231651,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059edd9e4b0c8380cd49a54","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Manies, K.L.","contributorId":23228,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manies","given":"K.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mladenoff, D.J.","contributorId":18881,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mladenoff","given":"D.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nordheim, E.V.","contributorId":97222,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nordheim","given":"E.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70161989,"text":"70161989 - 2001 - Natural history notes: Gyrinophilus porphyriticus danielsi (Blue-ridge Spring Salamander). Arboreality","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-11T13:08:06","indexId":"70161989","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1898,"text":"Herpetological Review","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Natural history notes: Gyrinophilus porphyriticus danielsi (Blue-ridge Spring Salamander). Arboreality","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles","usgsCitation":"Barichivich, W.J., Smith, K.G., and Waldron, J.L., 2001, Natural history notes: Gyrinophilus porphyriticus danielsi (Blue-ridge Spring Salamander). Arboreality: Herpetological Review, v. 32, no. 3, p. 177-178.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"177","endPage":"178","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314153,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"32","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5694e04be4b039675d005e44","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barichivich, William J. 0000-0003-1103-6861 wbarichivich@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1103-6861","contributorId":3697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barichivich","given":"William","email":"wbarichivich@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":588261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Kimberly G.","contributorId":80200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Kimberly","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Waldron, J. L.","contributorId":66644,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waldron","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1015202,"text":"1015202 - 2001 - Role of patch size, disease, and movement in rapid extinction of bighorn sheep","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-28T09:36:26","indexId":"1015202","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1321,"text":"Conservation Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Role of patch size, disease, and movement in rapid extinction of bighorn sheep","docAbstract":"<p>The controversy (Berger 1990, 1999; Wehausen 1999) over rapid extinction in bighorn sheep (<i>Ovis canadensis</i>) has focused on population size alone as a correlate to persistence time. We report on the persistence and population performance of 24 translocated populations of bighorn sheep. Persistence in these sheep was strongly correlated with larger patch sizes, greater distance to domestic sheep, higher population growth rates, and migratory movements, as well as to larger population sizes. Persistence was also positively correlated with larger average home-range size (<i>p</i> = 0.058, <i>n</i> = 10 translocated populations) and home-range size of rams (<i>p</i> = 0.087, <i>n</i> = 8 translocated populations). Greater home-range size and dispersal rates of bighorn sheep were positively correlated to larger patches. We conclude that patch size and thus habitat carrying capacity, not population size per se, is the primary correlate to both population performance and persistence. Because habitat carrying capacity defines the upper limit to population size, clearly the amount of suitable habitat in a patch is ultimately linked to population size. Larger populations (250+ animals) were more likely to recover rapidly to their pre-epizootic survey number following an epizootic (<i>p</i> = 0.019), although the proportion of the population dying in the epizootic also influenced the probability of recovery (<i>p</i> = 0.001). Expensive management efforts to restore or increase bighorn sheep populations should focus on large habitat patches located ≥23 km from domestic sheep, and less effort should be expended on populations in isolated, small patches of habitat.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1523-1739.2001.99488.x","usgsCitation":"Singer, F.J., Zeigenfuss, L., and Spicer, L., 2001, Role of patch size, disease, and movement in rapid extinction of bighorn sheep: Conservation Biology, v. 15, no. 5, p. 1347-1354, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2001.99488.x.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1347","endPage":"1354","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132779,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-07-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66cccd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Singer, F. J.","contributorId":97848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Singer","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zeigenfuss, L. C.","contributorId":69089,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zeigenfuss","given":"L. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Spicer, L.","contributorId":27409,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spicer","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1015201,"text":"1015201 - 2001 - Rapid assessment of butterfly diversity in a montane landscape","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-17T09:56:50","indexId":"1015201","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1006,"text":"Biodiversity and Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rapid assessment of butterfly diversity in a montane landscape","docAbstract":"<p>We present the results of a rapid assessment of butterfly diversity in the 754 ha Beaver Meadows study area in Rocky Mountain National Park, Larimer County, Colorado. We measured butterfly species richness and relative abundance as part of a landscape-scale investigation of diversity patterns involving several groups of organisms. A stratified random sampling design was used to include replication in both rare and common vegetation types. We recorded 49 butterfly species from the twenty-four 0.1 ha plots that were sampled four times during June, July, and August 1996. Butterfly species richness, diversity, and uniqueness were highest in quaking aspen (<i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Populus tremuloides</i> Michaux) groves and wet meadows, which occupy only a small proportion of the studied landscape. This result supports the suggestion that aspen areas represent ‘hotspots’ of biological diversity in this montane landscape. Patterns of butterfly species richness were positively correlated with total vascular plant species richness (<i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">r</i> = 0.69; <i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">P</i> &lt; 0.001), and native plant species richness (<i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">r</i> = 0.64; <i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">P</i> &lt; 0.001). However, exotic plant species richness (<i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">r</i> = 0.70; <i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">P</i> &lt; 0.001) and the cover of exotic plant species (<i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">r</i> = 0.70; <i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">P</i> &lt; 0.001) were the best predictors of butterfly species richness.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1023/A:1016663931882","usgsCitation":"Simonson, S., Opler, P., Stohlgren, T., and Chong, G., 2001, Rapid assessment of butterfly diversity in a montane landscape: Biodiversity and Conservation, v. 10, no. 8, p. 1369-1386, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016663931882.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"1369","endPage":"1386","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133236,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","county":"Larimer","otherGeospatial":"Rocky Mountain National Park","volume":"10","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db6494d6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Simonson, S.E.","contributorId":78695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simonson","given":"S.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Opler, P.A.","contributorId":48521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Opler","given":"P.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stohlgren, T.J.","contributorId":7217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stohlgren","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chong, G.W.","contributorId":54153,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chong","given":"G.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70176663,"text":"70176663 - 2001 - Organochlorine concentrations and eggshell thickness in failed eggs of the California Clapper rail from south San Francisco Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-23T15:00:10","indexId":"70176663","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1318,"text":"Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Organochlorine concentrations and eggshell thickness in failed eggs of the California Clapper rail from south San Francisco Bay","docAbstract":"<p><span>In 1992 we collected 22 failed California Clapper Rail (</span><i>Rallus longirostris obsoletus</i><span>) eggs from four tidal marshes of south San Francisco Bay for organochlorine analysis and determination of eggshell thickness. Mean eggshell thickness of these eggs (262 microns) was not statistically distinguishable from that of pre-1932 museum eggs (271 microns). Total PCB concentrations in eggs ranged from 0.65 to 5.01 μg g</span><sup>−1</sup><span> on an adjusted fresh wet weight basis, with a geometric mean concentration of 1.30 μg g</span><sup>−1</sup><span>. DDE concentrations were extremely low at a geometric mean of 0.11 μg g</span><sup>−1</sup><span>. Geometric mean concentrations of all other organochlorines detected were below 0.10 μg g</span><sup>−1</sup><span>. The concentrations of all organochlorines except PCBs appear to have declined in California Clapper Rails since the mid 1980s. PCBs may still be high enough in some rail eggs to produce embryotoxic effects but additional work to quantify the more toxic PCB congeners in rail eggs is needed.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Cooper Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1650/0010-5422(2001)103[0620:OCAETI]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Schwarzbach, S.E., Henderson, J.D., Thomas, C., and Albertson, J.D., 2001, Organochlorine concentrations and eggshell thickness in failed eggs of the California Clapper rail from south San Francisco Bay: Condor, v. 103, no. 3, p. 620-624, https://doi.org/10.1650/0010-5422(2001)103[0620:OCAETI]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"620","endPage":"624","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488527,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1650/0010-5422(2001)103[0620:ocaeti]2.0.co;2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":328930,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"103","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57fe9c5be4b0824b2d14ed95","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schwarzbach, Steven E. steven_schwarzbach@usgs.gov","contributorId":1025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwarzbach","given":"Steven","email":"steven_schwarzbach@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":649531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Henderson, John D.","contributorId":94632,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Henderson","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":7214,"text":"University of California, Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":649532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thomas, Carmen","contributorId":146391,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thomas","given":"Carmen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":649533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Albertson, Joy D.","contributorId":167182,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Albertson","given":"Joy","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":6654,"text":"USFWS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":649534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70179984,"text":"70179984 - 2001 - Absence of risk associated with movement of processed rainbow trout from an area where infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus is endemic","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-20T15:31:43","indexId":"70179984","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Absence of risk associated with movement of processed rainbow trout from an area where infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus is endemic","docAbstract":"<p>Abstract not available</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of an international conference on risk analysis in aquatic animal health","conferenceTitle":"International conference on risk analysis in aquatic animal health","conferenceDate":"8-10 February, 2000","conferenceLocation":"Paris, France","language":"English","usgsCitation":"LaPatra, S., Batts, W., Jones, G., Shewmaker, W., and Winton, J., 2001, Absence of risk associated with movement of processed rainbow trout from an area where infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus is endemic, <i>in</i> Proceedings of an international conference on risk analysis in aquatic animal health, Paris, France, 8-10 February, 2000, p. 240-245.","productDescription":"6 p. ","startPage":"240","endPage":"245","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333642,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5883302be4b0d002316377fe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"LaPatra, S.","contributorId":29641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaPatra","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Batts, W.","contributorId":76533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Batts","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jones, G.","contributorId":39722,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shewmaker, W.","contributorId":178523,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shewmaker","given":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Winton, J.","contributorId":55627,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winton","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":1015218,"text":"1015218 - 2001 - Anthropogenic nitrogen deposition induces rapid ecological changes in alpine lakes of Colorado Front Range (USA)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-21T17:26:01","indexId":"1015218","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2411,"text":"Journal of Paleolimnology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Anthropogenic nitrogen deposition induces rapid ecological changes in alpine lakes of Colorado Front Range (USA)","docAbstract":"<p>Recent sediments from two alpine lakes (&gt; 3300 m asl) in the Colorado Front Range (USA) register marked and near-synchronous changes that are believed to represent ecological responses to enhanced atmospheric deposition of fixed nitrogen from anthropogenic sources. Directional shifts in sediment proxies include greater representations of mesotrophic diatoms and increasingly depleted δ<sup>15</sup>N values. These trends are particularly pronounced since ~ 1950, and appear to chronicle lake responses to excess N derived from agricultural and industrial sources to the east. The rate and magnitude of recent ecological changes far exceed the context of natural variability, as inferred from comparative analyses of a long core capturingthe entire 14,000-year postglacial history of one of the lakes. Nitrogen deposition to these seemingly pristine natural areas has resulted in subtle but detectable limnological changes that likely represent the beginning of a stronger response to nitrogen enrichment.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1023/A:1008129509322","usgsCitation":"Wolfe, A., Baron, J., and Cornett, R., 2001, Anthropogenic nitrogen deposition induces rapid ecological changes in alpine lakes of Colorado Front Range (USA): Journal of Paleolimnology, v. 25, no. 1, p. 1-7, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008129509322.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"7","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132971,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67b324","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wolfe, A.P.","contributorId":46445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolfe","given":"A.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baron, Jill 0000-0002-5902-6251 jill_baron@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5902-6251","contributorId":194124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baron","given":"Jill","email":"jill_baron@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":322562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cornett, R.J.","contributorId":69106,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cornett","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1015216,"text":"1015216 - 2001 - Patterns of plant invasions: A case example in native species hotspots and rare habitats","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-21T14:54:53","indexId":"1015216","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1018,"text":"Biological Invasions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Patterns of plant invasions: A case example in native species hotspots and rare habitats","docAbstract":"<p>Land managers require landscape-scale information on where exotic plant species have successfully established, to better guide research, control, and restoration efforts. We evaluated the vulnerability of various habitats to invasion by exotic plant species in a 100,000 ha area in the southeast corner of Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument, Utah. For the 97 0.1-ha plots in 11 vegetation types, exotic species richness (log<sub>10</sub>) was strongly negatively correlated to the cover of cryptobiotic soil crusts (<i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">r</i> = −0.47, <i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">P</i> &lt; 0.001), and positively correlated to native species richness (<i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">r</i> = 0.22, <i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">P</i> &lt; 0.03), native species cover (<i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">r</i> = 0.23, <i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">P</i> &lt; 0.05), and total nitrogen in the soil (<i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">r</i> = 0.40, <i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">P</i> &lt; 0.001). Exotic species cover was strongly positively correlated to exotic species richness (<i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">r</i> = 0.68, <i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">P</i> &lt; 0.001). Only 6 of 97 plots did not contain at least one exotic species. Exotic species richness was particularly high in locally rare, mesic vegetation types and nitrogen rich soils. Dry, upland plots (<i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">n</i> = 51) had less than half of the exotic species richness and cover compared to plots (<i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">n</i> = 45) in washes and lowland depressions that collect water intermittently. Plots dominated by trees had significantly greater native and exotic species richness compared to plots dominated by shrubs. For the 97 plots combined, 33% of the variance in exotic species richness could be explained by a positive relationship with total plant cover, and negative relationships with the cover of cryptobiotic crusts and bare ground. There are several reasons for concern: (1) Exotic plant species are invading hot spots of native plant diversity and rare/unique habitats. (2) The foliar cover of exotic species was greatest in habitats that had been invaded by several exotic species.(3) Continued disturbance of fragile cryptobiotic crusts by livestock, people, and vehicles may facilitate the further invasion of exotic plant species.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1023/A:1011451417418","usgsCitation":"Stohlgren, T., Otsuki, Y., Villa, C., Lee, M., and Belnap, J., 2001, Patterns of plant invasions: A case example in native species hotspots and rare habitats: Biological Invasions, v. 3, no. 1, p. 37-50, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1011451417418.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"37","endPage":"50","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132905,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ade2d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stohlgren, T.J.","contributorId":7217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stohlgren","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Otsuki, Yuka","contributorId":23107,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Otsuki","given":"Yuka","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Villa, C.A.","contributorId":87097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Villa","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lee, M.","contributorId":32484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Belnap, J. 0000-0001-7471-2279","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7471-2279","contributorId":23872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belnap","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70186670,"text":"70186670 - 2001 - Effects of recent climate warming on caribou habitat and calf survival","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-06T11:02:41","indexId":"70186670","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Effects of recent climate warming on caribou habitat and calf survival","docAbstract":"<p>Migratory Barren-Ground Caribou <i>Rangifer tarandus granti</i> are the most important subsistence resource for northern indigenous peoples. They are likely to respond to global climatic changes that affect the distribution of their forage resources and the availability of forage through the year. The Porcupine Caribou herd is a large, internationally migratory herd of about 128,000 individuals that occupies the Alaska-Canada borderlands and uses a 300,000 km 2 annual range. The calving ground is a traditionally-used portion of the annual range that comprises 23,000 km<sup>2</sup> at approximately 70° north. Caribou migrate several hundred kilometres from winter ranges to the calving ground, arriving in mid- to late-May each year. Calves are born during the first week of June, and cows and calves remain on the calving ground for 4-6 weeks before dispersing to late-summer, fall, and winter ranges.</p><p>We measured the relative amount of green vegetation using data from polar orbiting satellites (Figure 1) to assess decade-long temporal trends in large scale habitat conditions on the calving ground and to investigate Caribou response to this habitat change. The vegetation index has shown a tendency toward earlier greening in spring and later plant senescence (dying off) in much of the northern hemisphere the 1980s, concurrent with independent estimates of climate change. High density calving was consistently located where the daily rate of increase in the amount of green plant biomass during lactation was greatest, in the period 1985-1996. This was probably because of the lactating cows' need for highly digestible new plant growth. Nutritional requirements of lactating cows are about double those during the remainder of the year.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Impacts of climate change on wildlife","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Royal Society for the Protection of Birds","publisherLocation":"Cambridge, UK","usgsCitation":"Griffith, B., Douglas, D., Russell, D.E., White, R.G., McCabe, T.R., and Whitten, K.R., 2001, Effects of recent climate warming on caribou habitat and calf survival, chap. <i>of</i> Impacts of climate change on wildlife, p. 17-19.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"17","endPage":"19","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":339376,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alaska, Yukon Territory","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -146.22802734375,\n              67.98287261799817\n            ],\n            [\n              -136.4501953125,\n              67.98287261799817\n            ],\n            [\n              -136.4501953125,\n              70.80859050466093\n            ],\n            [\n              -146.22802734375,\n              70.80859050466093\n            ],\n            [\n              -146.22802734375,\n              67.98287261799817\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58e75403e4b09da6799c0c70","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Green, Rhys E.","contributorId":174406,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Green","given":"Rhys","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690226,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harley, Mike","contributorId":190657,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harley","given":"Mike","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690227,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Spalding, Mark","contributorId":190658,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Spalding","given":"Mark","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690228,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zockler, Christoph","contributorId":173936,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zockler","given":"Christoph","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690229,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4}],"authors":[{"text":"Griffith, Brad","contributorId":190362,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Griffith","given":"Brad","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Douglas, David C. 0000-0003-0186-1104 ddouglas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0186-1104","contributorId":150115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Douglas","given":"David C.","email":"ddouglas@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":690223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Russell, Donald E.","contributorId":190659,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Russell","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"White, Robert G.","contributorId":181759,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"White","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":690225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McCabe, Thomas R.","contributorId":91255,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCabe","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Whitten, Kenneth R.","contributorId":190408,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Whitten","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":1004083,"text":"1004083 - 2001 - National Wildlife Health Center's Quarterly Mortality Report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-02T15:27:13","indexId":"1004083","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3499,"text":"Supplement to the Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"National Wildlife Health Center's Quarterly Mortality Report","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Schrader, A., Converse, K., Miller, K.J., McLaughlin, G., and Sohn, R., 2001, National Wildlife Health Center's Quarterly Mortality Report: Supplement to the Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 37, no. 4, 3 p.","productDescription":"3 p.","numberOfPages":"3","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129520,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -180.17578125,\n              17.14079039331665\n            ],\n            [\n              -180.17578125,\n              72.71190310803662\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.7421875,\n              72.71190310803662\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.7421875,\n              17.14079039331665\n            ],\n            [\n              -180.17578125,\n              17.14079039331665\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"37","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b00e4b07f02db698425","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schrader, A.","contributorId":104435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schrader","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Converse, K.","contributorId":40157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Converse","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, Kimberli J.G. 0000-0002-7947-0894","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7947-0894","contributorId":81447,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Kimberli","email":"","middleInitial":"J.G.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":315127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McLaughlin, G.","contributorId":38506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McLaughlin","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sohn, Rex","contributorId":79056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sohn","given":"Rex","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":1015194,"text":"1015194 - 2001 - A high validity census technique for herpetofaunal assemblages","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-17T10:05:08","indexId":"1015194","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1898,"text":"Herpetological Review","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A high validity census technique for herpetofaunal assemblages","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.<br></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles","usgsCitation":"Rodda, G., Campbell, E., and Fritts, T.H., 2001, A high validity census technique for herpetofaunal assemblages: Herpetological Review, v. 32, no. 1, p. 24-30.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"24","endPage":"30","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133177,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":15009,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ssarherps.org/herpetological-review-pdfs/"}],"volume":"32","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae480","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rodda, G.H.","contributorId":103998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodda","given":"G.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Campbell, E.W. III","contributorId":55390,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"E.W.","suffix":"III","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fritts, T. H.","contributorId":40147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fritts","given":"T.","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1003993,"text":"1003993 - 2001 - Crow deaths as a sentinel surveillance system for West Nile virus in the northeastern United States, 1999","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-11T18:37:45.252523","indexId":"1003993","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1493,"text":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Crow deaths as a sentinel surveillance system for West Nile virus in the northeastern United States, 1999","docAbstract":"<p><span>In addition to human encephalitis and meningitis cases, the West Nile (WN) virus outbreak in the summer and fall of 1999 in New York State resulted in bird deaths in New York, New Jersey, and Connecticut. From August to December 1999, 295 dead birds were laboratory-confirmed with WN virus infection; 262 (89%) were American Crows (</span><i>Corvus brachyrhynchos</i><span>). The New York State Department of Health received reports of 17,339 dead birds, including 5,697 (33%) crows; in Connecticut 1,040 dead crows were reported. Bird deaths were critical in identifying WN virus as the cause of the human outbreak and defining its geographic and temporal limits. If established before a WN virus outbreak, a surveillance system based on bird deaths may provide a sensitive method of detecting WN virus.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi":"10.3201/eid0704.017402","usgsCitation":"Eidson, M., Komar, N., Sorhage, F., Nelson, R., Talbot, T., Mostashari, F., McLean, R., and West Nile Virus Avian Mortality Surveillance Group, 2001, Crow deaths as a sentinel surveillance system for West Nile virus in the northeastern United States, 1999: Emerging Infectious Diseases, v. 7, no. 4, p. 615-620, https://doi.org/10.3201/eid0704.017402.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"615","endPage":"620","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478991,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3201/eid0704.017402","text":"Publisher Index 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 \"}}]}","volume":"7","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad0e4b07f02db6808dd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eidson, M.","contributorId":73564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eidson","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Komar, N.","contributorId":95031,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Komar","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sorhage, F.","contributorId":57042,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sorhage","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nelson, R.","contributorId":57815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Talbot, T.","contributorId":70360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talbot","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mostashari, F.","contributorId":83493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mostashari","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McLean, R.","contributorId":107230,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McLean","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"West Nile Virus Avian Mortality Surveillance Group","contributorId":128017,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"West Nile Virus Avian Mortality Surveillance Group","id":535055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70024226,"text":"70024226 - 2001 - The Middle Jurassic Entrada Sandstone near Gallup, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:04","indexId":"70024226","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2789,"text":"Mountain Geologist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Middle Jurassic Entrada Sandstone near Gallup, New Mexico","docAbstract":"Near Gallup, New Mexico, the Middle Jurassic Entrada Sandstone consists of, in ascending order, the Iyanbito Member, the Rehoboth Member, and an upper sandstone member. The Rehoboth Member is named herein to replace the middle siltstone member, with a type section located 26 km east of Gallup. The Iyanbito Member has been erroneously equated with the Wingate Sandstone of northeast Arizona, and the Rehoboth Member has been miscorrelated with the Dewey Bridge Member of the Entrada in Utah. The Dewey Bridge is an older unit that does not extend into New Mexico. The Iyanbito Member, east of Gallup, overlies the J-2 unconformity and the eroded tops of the Owl Rock and Petrified Forest Members of the Chinle Formation. The Wingate Sandstone of the Lower Jurassic Glen Canyon Group overlies the J-0 unconformity and the underlying Rock Point Member (topmost unit) of the Chinle Formation in northeast Arizona. Both the Wingate Sandstone and the Rock Point Member are missing east of Gallup below the J-2 unconformity. Similarly, the Wingate is missing southwest of Gallup, near Lupton, Arizona, but the Rock Point Member is present and underlies the Iyanbito from Zuni northward to Toadlena, New Mexico. The Wingate and other formations of the Glen Canyon Group thin and wedge out southward and eastward in northeast Arizona. The J-2 unconformity truncates the Wingate Sandstone and the underlying J-0 unconformity, 5 km north of Toadlena.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mountain Geologist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"0027254X","usgsCitation":"Robertson, J., and O'Sullivan, R.B., 2001, The Middle Jurassic Entrada Sandstone near Gallup, New Mexico: Mountain Geologist, v. 38, no. 2, p. 53-69.","startPage":"53","endPage":"69","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232110,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"38","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba7eee4b08c986b3218ca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robertson, J. F.","contributorId":11194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robertson","given":"J. F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O'Sullivan, R. B.","contributorId":57858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Sullivan","given":"R.","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1015195,"text":"1015195 - 2001 - The densest terrestrial vertebrate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-01T21:42:47","indexId":"1015195","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2487,"text":"Journal of Tropical Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The densest terrestrial vertebrate","docAbstract":"<div class=\"row\"><div class=\"large-10 medium-10 small-12 columns\"><div class=\"description\"><div class=\"abstract\" data-abstract-type=\"normal\"><p>An understanding of the abundance of organisms is central to understanding ecology, but many population density estimates are unrepresentative because they were obtained from study areas chosen for the high abundance of the target species. For example, from a pool of 1072 lizard density estimates that we compiled from the literature, we sampled 303 estimates and scored each for its assessment of the degree to which the study site was representative. Less than half (45%) indicated that the study area was chosen to be representative of the population or habitat. An additional 15% reported that individual plots or transects were chosen randomly, but this often indicated only that the sample points were located randomly within a study area chosen for its high abundance of the target species. The remainder of the studies either gave no information or specified that the study area was chosen because the focal species was locally abundant.</p></div></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1017/S0266467401001225","usgsCitation":"Rodda, G., Perry, G., Rondeau, R., and Lazell, J., 2001, The densest terrestrial vertebrate: Journal of Tropical Ecology, v. 17, no. 2, p. 331-338, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0266467401001225.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"331","endPage":"338","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133178,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2001-04-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a82e4b07f02db64af46","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rodda, G.H.","contributorId":103998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodda","given":"G.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Perry, G.","contributorId":91818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perry","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rondeau, R.J.","contributorId":72758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rondeau","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lazell, J.","contributorId":36517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lazell","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70023244,"text":"70023244 - 2001 - Does fluctuating asymmetry of antlers in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) follow patterns predicted for sexually selected traits?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:59","indexId":"70023244","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3174,"text":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Does fluctuating asymmetry of antlers in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) follow patterns predicted for sexually selected traits?","docAbstract":"Secondary sexual characters have been hypothesized to signal male quality and should demonstrate a negative relationship between the size of the trait and degree of fluctuating asymmetry because they are costly to produce. We collected morphometric and antler data from 439 white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in Oklahoma, USA, in order to determine whether measures of antler asymmetry follow the patterns predicted for sexually selected characters. Relative fluctuating asymmetry was negatively related to antler size for all deer and within age groups up to five and a half years of age. We did not detect an association between asymmetry and antler size among deer that were six and a half years or older. When categorizing deer by antler size, we found that deer with small antlers (???33rd percentile) had greater levels of relative asymmetry than deer with large antlers (???67th percentile). The relative asymmetry of antlers was negatively related to age and was greatest in deer that were one and a half years old. Relative asymmetry was also negatively related to carcass mass, inside spread, skull length and body length. These data suggest that asymmetry in the antlers of white-tailed deer may be a reliable signal of quality and, as such, may be important in maintaining honesty in intrasexual advertisements during the breeding season.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1098/rspb.2001.1588","issn":"09628436","usgsCitation":"Ditchkoff, S., Lochmiller, R., Masters, R., Starry, W., and Leslie, D., 2001, Does fluctuating asymmetry of antlers in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) follow patterns predicted for sexually selected traits?: Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, v. 268, no. 1470, p. 891-898, https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2001.1588.","startPage":"891","endPage":"898","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":478969,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2001.1588","text":"External Repository"},{"id":207334,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2001.1588"},{"id":232197,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"268","issue":"1470","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2001-05-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0390e4b0c8380cd5053a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ditchkoff, S.S.","contributorId":100580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ditchkoff","given":"S.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lochmiller, R.L.","contributorId":68061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lochmiller","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Masters, R.E.","contributorId":49146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masters","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Starry, W.R.","contributorId":10581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Starry","given":"W.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Leslie, David M. Jr.","contributorId":52514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leslie","given":"David M.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":1001744,"text":"1001744 - 2001 - Proximity of white-tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus, ranges to wolf Canis lupus, pack homesites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-04T12:27:54","indexId":"1001744","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1163,"text":"Canadian Field-Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Proximity of white-tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus, ranges to wolf Canis lupus, pack homesites","docAbstract":"Seven adult female White-tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in northeastern Minnesota lived within 1.8 km of Wolf pack (Canis lupus) homesites without vacating their home ranges. Six of these deer and at least three of their fawns survived through the Wolf homesite period.","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Field-Naturalist","usgsCitation":"Nelson, M., and Mech, L., 2001, Proximity of white-tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus, ranges to wolf Canis lupus, pack homesites: Canadian Field-Naturalist, v. 114, p. 503-504.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"503","endPage":"504","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130451,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"114","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e479fe4b07f02db49308f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, M.E.","contributorId":102021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mech, L.D. 0000-0003-3944-7769","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":75466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mech","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1003886,"text":"1003886 - 2001 - Dual Sarcocystis neurona and Toxoplasma gondii infection in a northern sea otter from Washington state, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-15T13:27:50","indexId":"1003886","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3686,"text":"Veterinary Parasitology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dual Sarcocystis neurona and Toxoplasma gondii infection in a northern sea otter from Washington state, USA","docAbstract":"<p>Dual Sarcocystis neurona and Toxoplasma gondii infection was observed in a Northern sea otter from Washington, USA. The animal was found stranded, convulsed, and died shortly thereafter. Encephalitis caused by both S. neurona and T. gondii was demonstrated in histological sections of brain. Immunohistochemical examination of sections with S. neurona specific antisera demonstrated developmental stages that divided by endopolygeny and produced numerous merozoites. PCR of brain tissue from the sea otter using primer pairs JNB33/JNB54 resulted in amplification of a 1100 bp product. This PCR product was cut in to 884 and 216 bp products by Dra I but was not cut by Hinf I indicating that it was S. neurona [J. Parasitol. 85 (1999) 221]. No PCR product was detected in the brain of a sea otter which had no lesions of encephalitis. Examination of brain sections using T. gondii specific antisera demonstrated tachyzoites and tissue cysts of T. gondii. The lesions induced by T. gondii suggested that the sea otter was suffering from reactivated toxoplasmosis. T. gondii was isolated in mice inoculated with brain tissue. A cat that was fed infected mouse brain tissue excreted T. gondii oocysts which were infective for mice. This is apparently the first report of dual S. neurona and T. gondii in a marine mammal.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Veterinary Parasitology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Lindsay, D.S., Thomas, N., Rosypal, A., and Dubey, J., 2001, Dual Sarcocystis neurona and Toxoplasma gondii infection in a northern sea otter from Washington state, USA: Veterinary Parasitology, v. 97, no. 4, p. 319-327.","productDescription":"p. 319-327","startPage":"319","endPage":"327","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134045,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":15212,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index 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,{"id":70023083,"text":"70023083 - 2001 - Temporal and spatial variations in fly ash quality","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:40","indexId":"70023083","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1710,"text":"Fuel Processing Technology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Temporal and spatial variations in fly ash quality","docAbstract":"Fly ash quality, both as the amount of petrographically distinguishable carbons and in chemistry, varies in both time and space. Temporal variations are a function of a number of variables. Variables can include variations in the coal blend organic petrography, mineralogy, and chemistry; variations in the pulverization of the coal, both as a function of the coal's Hardgrove grindability index and as a function of the maintenance and settings of the pulverizers; and variations in the operating conditions of the boiler, including changes in the pollution control system. Spatial variation, as an instantaneous measure of fly ash characteristics, should not involve changes in the first two sets of variables listed above. Spatial variations are a function of the gas flow within the boiler and ducts, certain flow conditions leading to a tendency for segregation of the less-dense carbons in one portion of the gas stream. Caution must be applied in sampling fly ash. Samples from a single bin, or series of bins, m ay not be representative of the whole fly ash, providing a biased view of the nature of the material. Further, it is generally not possible to be certain about variation until the analysis of the ash is complete. ?? 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Fuel Processing Technology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0378-3820(01)00193-X","issn":"03783820","usgsCitation":"Hower, J., Trimble, A., and Eble, C., 2001, Temporal and spatial variations in fly ash quality: Fuel Processing Technology, v. 73, no. 1, p. 37-58, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-3820(01)00193-X.","startPage":"37","endPage":"58","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":233911,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":208276,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-3820(01)00193-X"}],"volume":"73","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba4f9e4b08c986b3206f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hower, J.C.","contributorId":100541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hower","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Trimble, A.S.","contributorId":78110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trimble","given":"A.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eble, C.F.","contributorId":35346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eble","given":"C.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
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