{"pageNumber":"312","pageRowStart":"7775","pageSize":"25","recordCount":16445,"records":[{"id":70198589,"text":"70198589 - 2003 - Geothermal arsenic","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-13T10:17:26","indexId":"70198589","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T07:58:41","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Geothermal arsenic","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Arsenic in ground water: Geochemistry and occurrence","language":"English","publisher":"Kluwer ","publisherLocation":"Boston","isbn":"9780306479564","usgsCitation":"Webster, J.G., and Nordstrom, D.K., 2003, Geothermal arsenic, chap. of Arsenic in ground water: Geochemistry and occurrence, p. 101-125.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"101","endPage":"125","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356363,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98cdd7e4b0702d0e846dcc","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Welch, A. H.","contributorId":14836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welch","given":"A. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742264,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stollenwerk, Kenneth G. kgstolle@usgs.gov","contributorId":578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stollenwerk","given":"Kenneth","email":"kgstolle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":742265,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Webster, John G.","contributorId":140126,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Webster","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":13390,"text":"Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation, Department of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nordstrom, D. Kirk 0000-0003-3283-5136 dkn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3283-5136","contributorId":749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nordstrom","given":"D.","email":"dkn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Kirk","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":742074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70199231,"text":"70199231 - 2003 - Tracers in groundwater: Use of microorganisms and microspheres","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-12T07:22:35","indexId":"70199231","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T07:20:49","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Tracers in groundwater: Use of microorganisms and microspheres","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Encyclopedia of environmental microbiology","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/0471263397.env157","usgsCitation":"Harvey, R.W., and Harms, H., 2003, Tracers in groundwater: Use of microorganisms and microspheres, chap. of Encyclopedia of environmental microbiology, https://doi.org/10.1002/0471263397.env157.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357243,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-01-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10ed2ce4b034bf6a803b39","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harvey, Ronald W. 0000-0002-2791-8503 rwharvey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2791-8503","contributorId":564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvey","given":"Ronald","email":"rwharvey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":744772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harms, Hauke","contributorId":207565,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harms","given":"Hauke","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70198531,"text":"70198531 - 2003 - Geochemical processes controlling transport of arsenic in groundwater: A review of adsorption","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-13T09:55:51","indexId":"70198531","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T07:20:06","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Geochemical processes controlling transport of arsenic in groundwater: A review of adsorption","docAbstract":"Adsorption is the predominate mechanism controlling transport of arsenic in many ground water systems. Hydrous oxides of iron, aluminum, and manganese, and clay minerals are commonly associated with aquifer solids and have been shown to be significant adsorbents of arsenic. The extent of arsenic adsorption is influenced by the chemistry of the aqueous phase including pH, arsenic speciation, and the presence and concentration of competing ions. Under moderately reducing conditions, trivalent arsenite is stable and adsorption increases with increasing pH. In an oxidizing environment, arsenate is stable and adsorption decreases with increasing pH. The presence of phosphate, sulfate, carbonate, silica, and other anions have been shown to decrease adsorption of arsenic to varying degrees. The effects of complex aqueous and solid phase chemistry on arsenic adsorption are best simulated using surface complexation models. Coupling of such models with hydrologic solute transport codes provide a powerful method for predicting the spatial and temporal distribution of arsenic in ground water.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Arsenic in Ground Water","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/0-306-47956-7_3","usgsCitation":"Stollenwerk, K.G., 2003, Geochemical processes controlling transport of arsenic in groundwater: A review of adsorption, chap. of Arsenic in Ground Water, p. 67-100, https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47956-7_3.","productDescription":"34 p.","startPage":"67","endPage":"100","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356260,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98cdd7e4b0702d0e846dce","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Welch, A. H.","contributorId":14836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welch","given":"A. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742253,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stollenwerk, Kenneth G. kgstolle@usgs.gov","contributorId":578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stollenwerk","given":"Kenneth","email":"kgstolle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":742254,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Stollenwerk, Kenneth G. kgstolle@usgs.gov","contributorId":578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stollenwerk","given":"Kenneth","email":"kgstolle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":741806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70194921,"text":"70194921 - 2003 - Determining temperature and thermal properties for heat-based studies of surface-water ground-water interactions: Appendix A of Heat as a tool for studying the movement of ground water near streams (Cir1260)","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70194921,"text":"70194921 - 2003 - Determining temperature and thermal properties for heat-based studies of surface-water ground-water interactions: Appendix A of Heat as a tool for studying the movement of ground water near streams (Cir1260)","indexId":"70194921","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"chapter":"Appendix A","title":"Determining temperature and thermal properties for heat-based studies of surface-water ground-water interactions: Appendix A of Heat as a tool for studying the movement of ground water near streams (Cir1260)"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":52668,"text":"cir1260 - 2003 - Heat as a tool for studying the movement of ground water near streams","indexId":"cir1260","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"title":"Heat as a tool for studying the movement of ground water near streams"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":52668,"text":"cir1260 - 2003 - Heat as a tool for studying the movement of ground water near streams","indexId":"cir1260","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"title":"Heat as a tool for studying the movement of ground water near streams"},"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-09T17:10:25","indexId":"70194921","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"chapter":"Appendix A","title":"Determining temperature and thermal properties for heat-based studies of surface-water ground-water interactions: Appendix A of Heat as a tool for studying the movement of ground water near streams (Cir1260)","docAbstract":"Advances in electronics leading to improved sensor technologies, large-scale circuit integration, and attendant miniaturization have created new opportunities to use heat as a tracer of subsurface flow. Because nature provides abundant thermal forcing at the land surface, heat is particularly useful in studying stream-groundwater interactions. This appendix describes methods for obtaining the thermal data needed in heat-based investigations of shallow subsurface flow.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Heat as a tool for studying the movement of ground water near streams (Cir1260)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Stonestrom, D.A., and Blasch, K.W., 2003, Determining temperature and thermal properties for heat-based studies of surface-water ground-water interactions: Appendix A of Heat as a tool for studying the movement of ground water near streams (Cir1260), 8 p.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"73","endPage":"80","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":350768,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/2003/circ1260/pdf/Circ1260.pdf#page=73"},{"id":350769,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a7040d8e4b06e28e9cae501","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Stonestrom, David A. 0000-0001-7883-3385 dastones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7883-3385","contributorId":2280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stonestrom","given":"David","email":"dastones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":726126,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Constantz, Jim","contributorId":66338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Constantz","given":"Jim","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":726127,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Stonestrom, David A. 0000-0001-7883-3385 dastones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7883-3385","contributorId":2280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stonestrom","given":"David","email":"dastones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":726124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blasch, Kyle W. 0000-0002-0590-0724 kblasch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0590-0724","contributorId":1631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blasch","given":"Kyle","email":"kblasch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":726125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70025300,"text":"70025300 - 2003 - Meteorology and hydrology in Yosemite National Park: A sensor network application","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-19T08:57:15","indexId":"70025300","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2611,"text":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Meteorology and hydrology in Yosemite National Park: A sensor network application","docAbstract":"Over half of California's water supply comes from high elevations in the snowmelt-dominated Sierra Nevada. Natural climate fluctuations, global warming, and the growing needs of water consumers demand intelligent management of this water resource. This requires a comprehensive monitoring system across and within the Sierra Nevada. Unfortunately, because of severe terrain and limited access, few measurements exist. Thus, meteorological and hydrologic processes are not well understood at high altitudes. However, new sensor and wireless communication technologies are beginning to provide sensor packages designed for low maintenance operation, low power consumption and unobtrusive footprints. A prototype network of meteorological and hydrological sensors has been deployed in Yosemite National Park, traversing elevation zones from 1,200 to 3,700 m. Communication techniques must be tailored to suit each location, resulting in a hybrid network of radio, cell-phone, land-line, and satellite transmissions. Results are showing how, in some years, snowmelt may occur quite uniformly over the Sierra, while in others it varies with elevation. ?? Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2003.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"03029743","usgsCitation":"Lundquist, J., Cayan, D., and Dettinger, M.D., 2003, Meteorology and hydrology in Yosemite National Park: A sensor network application: Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), v. 2634, p. 518-528.","startPage":"518","endPage":"528","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":235777,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2634","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a551de4b0c8380cd6d123","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lundquist, J.D.","contributorId":93243,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lundquist","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cayan, D.R.","contributorId":25961,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cayan","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16196,"text":"Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":404678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dettinger, M. D. 0000-0002-7509-7332","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-7332","contributorId":93069,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dettinger","given":"M.","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":16196,"text":"Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":404679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70025745,"text":"70025745 - 2003 - Interactions between dissolved organic matter and mercury in the Florida Everglades","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-05T14:38:20","indexId":"70025745","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2138,"text":"Journal De Physique. IV : JP","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interactions between dissolved organic matter and mercury in the Florida Everglades","docAbstract":"Experiments were conducted using organic matter isolated from various surface waters in the Florida Everglades to study the interactions between dissolved organic matter (DOM) and Hg (II). Conditional distribution coefficients ( ![\"$K_{DOM^\\prime}$\"](\"https://jp4.journaldephysique.org/articles/jp4/abs/2003/05/jp4pr5p029/img1.gif\")
), obtained using an equilibriurn dialysis ligand exchange method, were strongly affected by the Hg/DOM concentration ratio. Very strong interactions ( ![\"$K_{{\\rm](\"https://jp4.journaldephysique.org/articles/jp4/abs/2003/05/jp4pr5p029/img2.gif\")
= 10 ![\"$^{23.2](\"https://jp4.journaldephysique.org/articles/jp4/abs/2003/05/jp4pr5p029/img3.gif\")
L kg -1), indicative of Hg-thiol bonds, were observed at Hg/DOM ratios below approximately 1 ![\"$\\mu$\"](\"https://jp4.journaldephysique.org/articles/jp4/abs/2003/05/jp4pr5p029/img4.gif\")
g Hg per mg DOM. Above approximately 10 g Hg per mg DOM much lower values ( ![\"$10^{10.7\\pm](\"https://jp4.journaldephysique.org/articles/jp4/abs/2003/05/jp4pr5p029/img5.gif\")
L kg -1) were obtained. DOM-Hg interactions were also studied by HgS (log K ![\"$_{\\rm](\"https://jp4.journaldephysique.org/articles/jp4/abs/2003/05/jp4pr5p029/img6.gif\")
) dissolution and precipitation experiments. In the dissolution experiments, a significant amount of Hg was released from cinnabar in the presence of DOM, suggesting strong interactions. Conversely, precipitation of HgS was strongly inhibited in the presence of low concentrations ( ![\"$\\leq$\"](\"https://jp4.journaldephysique.org/articles/jp4/abs/2003/05/jp4pr5p029/img7.gif\")
3 mg C/L) of DOM. In both the dissolution and precipitation experiments, organic matter rich in aromatic moities was more reactive with HgS than less aromatic fractions and sulfur-containing model compounds. These results suggest that DOM can influence the geochemistry of inorganic complexes of Hg in the Everglades, especially HgS, by strong Hg-DOM binding and colloidal stabilization.
","conferenceTitle":"XII International Conference on Heavy Metals in the Environment","conferenceDate":"May 26-30, 2003","conferenceLocation":"Grenoble, France","language":"English","publisher":"ECO Sciences ","doi":"10.1051/jp4:20030235","issn":"11554339","usgsCitation":"Aiken, G., Haitzer, M., Ryan, J.N., Nagy, K., and Aiken, G., 2003, Interactions between dissolved organic matter and mercury in the Florida Everglades: Journal De Physique. IV : JP, v. 107, no. I, p. 29-32, https://doi.org/10.1051/jp4:20030235.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"29","endPage":"32","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":234637,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Everglades","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.8756103515625,\n 25.08062377244484\n ],\n [\n -80.15625,\n 25.08062377244484\n ],\n [\n -80.15625,\n 26.377106813670053\n ],\n [\n -81.8756103515625,\n 26.377106813670053\n ],\n [\n -81.8756103515625,\n 25.08062377244484\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"107","issue":"I","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3cc0e4b0c8380cd62fe8","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Boutron C.Ferrari C.","contributorId":128414,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Boutron C.Ferrari C.","id":536573,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Aiken, G.","contributorId":82066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aiken","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haitzer, M.","contributorId":94812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haitzer","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ryan, J. N.","contributorId":102649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryan","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nagy, K.","contributorId":10969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nagy","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Aiken, George 0000-0001-8454-0984","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8454-0984","contributorId":208803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aiken","given":"George","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":778873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70025321,"text":"70025321 - 2003 - Wildfire-related debris-flow generation through episodic progressive sediment-bulking processes, western USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:58","indexId":"70025321","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Wildfire-related debris-flow generation through episodic progressive sediment-bulking processes, western USA","docAbstract":"Debris-flow initiation processes on hillslopes recently burned by wildfire differ from those generally recognized on unburned, vegetated hillslopes. These differences result from fire-induced changes in the hydrologic response to rainfall events. In this study, detailed field and aerial photographic mapping, observations, and measurements of debris-flow events from three sites in the western U.S. are used to describe and evaluate the process of episodic progressive sediment bulking of storm runoff that leads to the generation of post-wildfire debris flows. Our data demonstrate the effects of material credibility, sediment availability on hillslopes and in channels, the degree of channel confinement, the formation of continuous channel incision, and the upslope contributing area and its gradient on the generation of flows and the magnitude of the response are demonstrated. ?? 2003 Millpress.","largerWorkTitle":"International Conference on Debris-Flow Hazards Mitigation: Mechanics, Prediction, and Assessment, Proceedings","conferenceTitle":"3rd International Conference on Debris-Flow Hazards Mitigation: Mechanics, Prediction, and Assessment","conferenceDate":"10 September 2003 through 12 September 2003","conferenceLocation":"Davos","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Cannon, S., Gartner, J., Parrett, C., and Parise, M., 2003, Wildfire-related debris-flow generation through episodic progressive sediment-bulking processes, western USA, in International Conference on Debris-Flow Hazards Mitigation: Mechanics, Prediction, and Assessment, Proceedings, v. 1, Davos, 10 September 2003 through 12 September 2003, p. 71-82.","startPage":"71","endPage":"82","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236109,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd0d1e4b08c986b32f096","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Rickenmann D.Chen C.L.","contributorId":128322,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Rickenmann D.Chen C.L.","id":536553,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Cannon, S.H.","contributorId":38154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"S.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gartner, J.E.","contributorId":80098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gartner","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Parrett, C.","contributorId":43400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parrett","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Parise, M.","contributorId":82486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parise","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70025349,"text":"70025349 - 2003 - Extension of EMA to address regional skew and low outliers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:29","indexId":"70025349","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Extension of EMA to address regional skew and low outliers","docAbstract":"The recently developed expected moments algorithm [EMA] (Cohn et al. 1997) does as well as MLEs at estimating LP3 flood quantiles using systematic and historical information. Needed extensions include use of a regional skewness estimator and its precision to be consistent with Bulletin 17B and to make use of such hydrologic information. Another issue addressed by Bulletin 17B is the treatment of low outliers. A Monte Carlo study illustrates the performance of an extended EMA estimator compared to estimators that employ the complete data set with and without use of regional skew, conditional probability adjustment from Bulletin 17B, and an estimator that uses probability plot regression to compute substitute values for low outliers. Estimators that use a regional skew all do better than estimators that fail to use an informative regional skewness estimator. For LP3 data, the low outlier rejection procedure results in no loss of overall accuracy, and the differences between the MSEs of the estimators that used an informative regional skew were generally negligible in the skew range of real interest.","largerWorkTitle":"World Water and Environmental Resources Congress","conferenceTitle":"World Water and Environmental Resources Congress 2003","conferenceDate":"23 June 2003 through 26 June 2003","conferenceLocation":"Philadelphia, PA","language":"English","isbn":"0784406855","usgsCitation":"Griffis, V., Stedinger, J., and Cohn, T., 2003, Extension of EMA to address regional skew and low outliers, in World Water and Environmental Resources Congress, Philadelphia, PA, 23 June 2003 through 26 June 2003, p. 1863-1872.","startPage":"1863","endPage":"1872","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":235965,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0e43e4b0c8380cd53390","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Bizier, P.","contributorId":113211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bizier","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":508817,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeBarry, P.","contributorId":111431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeBarry","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":508816,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Griffis, V.W.","contributorId":29616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffis","given":"V.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stedinger, J.R.","contributorId":90733,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stedinger","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cohn, T.A.","contributorId":84789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cohn","given":"T.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70025140,"text":"70025140 - 2003 - Pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and polychlorinated biphenyls in transport in two Atlantic coastal plain tributaries and loadings to Chesapeake Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:56","indexId":"70025140","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2265,"text":"Journal of Environmental Science and Health - Part A Toxic/Hazardous Substances and Environmental Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and polychlorinated biphenyls in transport in two Atlantic coastal plain tributaries and loadings to Chesapeake Bay","docAbstract":"Concentrations of current-use pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and organochlorine (OC) insecticides were determined above the reach of tide in the Chesterville Branch and Nanticoke River on the eastern shore of Chesapeake Bay during base-flow and storm-flow hydrologic regimes to evaluate mass transport to Chesapeake Bay. The two rivers monitored showed relatively high concentrations of atrazine, simazine, alachlor, and metolachlor in comparison to previously investigated western shore tributaries, and reflected the predominant agricultural land use in the eastern shore watersheds. The four current use pesticides showed the greatest seasonal contribution to annual loadings to tidal waters of Chesapeake Bay from the two rivers, and the relative order of annual loadings for the other contaminant classes was PAHs > PCBs > OC insecticides. Annual loadings normalized to the landscape areas of selected Chesapeake Bay watersheds showed correlations to identifiable source areas, with the highest pesticide yields (g/km2/yr) occurring in eastern shore agricultural landscapes, and the highest PAH yields derived from urban regions.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Environmental Science and Health - Part A Toxic/Hazardous Substances and Environmental Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1081/ESE-120021119","issn":"10934529","usgsCitation":"Foster, G., Miller, C., Huff, T., and Roberts, E., 2003, Pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and polychlorinated biphenyls in transport in two Atlantic coastal plain tributaries and loadings to Chesapeake Bay: Journal of Environmental Science and Health - Part A Toxic/Hazardous Substances and Environmental Engineering, v. 38, no. 7, p. 1177-1200, https://doi.org/10.1081/ESE-120021119.","startPage":"1177","endPage":"1200","numberOfPages":"24","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209534,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1081/ESE-120021119"},{"id":236097,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"38","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7773e4b0c8380cd784ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Foster, G.D.","contributorId":98464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"G.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, C.V.","contributorId":41026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"C.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Huff, T.B.","contributorId":37133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huff","given":"T.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Roberts, E. Jr.","contributorId":96065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roberts","given":"E.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70025170,"text":"70025170 - 2003 - Arsenic speciation and reactivity in poultry litter","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-19T10:51:09","indexId":"70025170","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Arsenic speciation and reactivity in poultry litter","docAbstract":"Recent U.S. government action to lower the maximum concentration levels (MCL) of total arsenic (As) (10 ppb) in drinking water has raised serious concerns about the agricultural use of As-containing biosolids such as poultry litter (PL). In this study, solid-state chemical speciation, desorbability, and total levels of As in PL and long-term amended soils were investigated using novel synchrotron-based probing techniques (microfocused (μ) synchrotron X-ray fluorescence (SXRF) and μ-X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopies) coupled with chemical digestion and batch experiments. The total As levels in the PL were as high as ≈50 mg kg-1, and As(II/III and V) was always concentrated in abundant needle-shaped microscopic particles (≈20 μm × 850 μm) associated with Ca, Cu, and Fe and to a lesser extent with S, Cl, and Zn. Post-edge XANES features of litter particles are dissimilar to those of the organo-As(V) compound in poultry feed (i.e., roxarsone), suggesting possible degradation/transformation of roxarsone in the litter and/or in poultry digestive tracts. The extent of As desorption from the litter increased with increasing time and pH from 4.5 to 7, but at most 15% of the total As was released after 5 d at pH 7, indicating the presence of insoluble phases and/or strongly retained soluble compounds. No significant As accumulation (<15 mg kg-1) was found in long-term PL-amended agricultural surface soils. This suggests that As in the PL may have undergone surface and subsurface transport processes. Our research results raise concerns about long-term PL amendment effects on As contamination in surrounding soil−water environments.
Stable water isotope (δ18O, δD) data from a high elevation (5100 masl) ice core recovered from the Tien Shan Mountains, Kyrgyzstan, display a seasonal cycle in deuterium excess (d = δD - 8*δ18O) related to changes in the regional hydrologic cycle during 1994-2000. While there is a strong correlation (r2 = 0.98) between δ18O and δD in the ice core samples, the regression slope (6.9) and mean d value (23.0) are significantly different than the global meteoric water line values. The resulting time-series ice core d profile contains distinct winter maxima and summer minima, with a yearly d amplitude of ∼15-20‰. Local-scale processes that may affect d values preserved in the ice core are not consistent with the observed seasonal variability. Data from Central Asian monitoring sites in the Global Network of Isotopes in Precipitation (GNIP) have similar seasonal d changes. We suggest that regional-scale hydrological conditions, including seasonal changes in moisture source, transport, and recycling in the Caspian/Aral Sea region, are responsible for the observed spatial and temporal d variability.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2003GL017896","issn":"00948276","usgsCitation":"Kreutz, K., Wake, C., Aizen, V., Cecil, L., and Synal, H., 2003, Seasonal deuterium excess in a Tien Shan ice core: Influence of moisture transport and recycling in Central Asia: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 30, no. 18, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2003GL017896.","productDescription":"4 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":478477,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2003gl017896","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":387716,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"18","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-09-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8890e4b08c986b316a2e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kreutz, K.J.","contributorId":46712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kreutz","given":"K.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wake, C.P.","contributorId":85353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wake","given":"C.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Aizen, V.B.","contributorId":24972,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aizen","given":"V.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cecil, L. DeWayne","contributorId":66856,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cecil","given":"L. DeWayne","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Synal, H.-A.","contributorId":78501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Synal","given":"H.-A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70025219,"text":"70025219 - 2003 - Origin and significance of postore dissolution collapse breccias cemented with calcite and barite at the Meikle gold deposit, Northern Carlin trend, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-27T18:49:30.317044","indexId":"70025219","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Origin and significance of postore dissolution collapse breccias cemented with calcite and barite at the Meikle gold deposit, Northern Carlin trend, Nevada","docAbstract":"The final event in a complicated hydrothermal history at the Meikle gold deposit was gold deficient but caused extensive postore dissolution of carbonate, collapse brecciation, and precipitation of calcite and barite crystals in the resulting cavities. Although previously interpreted to be part of the Carlin-type hydrothermal system, crosscutting relationships and U-Th-Pb geochronology constrain this hydrothermal event to late Pliocene time (ca. 2 Ma), nearly 36 Ma after ore formation. Mineralogic, fluid inclusion, and stable isotope data indicate that postore hydrothermal fluids were reduced, H 2S-rich, unevolved meteoric waters ((δ 18O = -17‰) of low temperature (ca. 65°C). The δ 18O values of barite and calcite indicate that these minerals were in isotopic equilibrium, requiring that barite SO 4 was derived from the oxidation of reduced sulfur; however, preexisting sulfides in breccia cavities were not oxidized. The δ 34S (15‰) values of barite are higher than those of local bulk sulfide and supergene alunite indicating that SO 4 was not derived from supergene oxidation of local sulfide minerals. The 15 per mil δ 34S value suggests that the H 2S in the fluids may have been leached from sulfur-rich organic matter in the local carbonaceous sedimentary rocks. A reduced H 2S-rich fluid is also supported by the bright cathodoluminescence of calcite which indicates that it is Mn rich and Fe poor. Calcite has a narrow range of δ 13C values (0.3-1.8‰) that are indistinguishable from those of the host Bootstrap limestone, indicating that CO 2 in the fluid was from dissolution of the local limestone. These data suggest that dissolution and brecciation of the Bootstrap limestone occurred where H 2S-rich fluids encountered more oxidizing fluids and formed sulfuric acid (H 2SO 4). Intense fracturing in the mine area by previous structural and hydrothermal events probably provided conduits for the descent of oxidized surface water which mixed with the underlying H 2S-rich waters to form the dissolving acid. The surface-derived fluid apparently contained sufficient oxygen to produce H 2SO 4 from H 2S but not enough to alter pyrite to Fe oxide. Although H 2S is an important gold-transporting ligand, the temperature was too low to transport a significant amount of gold. The presence of analogous calcite- and barite-lined cavities in other Carlin-type deposits suggests that the generation (and oxidation) of H 2S-rich meteoric waters was a common phenomenon in north-central Nevada. Previous sulfur isotope studies have also shown that the Paleozoic sedimentary rocks were the principal source of H 2S in Devonian sedimentary exhalative-type, Jurassic intrusion-related, Eocene Carlin-type, and Miocene low-sulfidation gold deposits in the region. The similar sulfur source in all of these systems suggests that basin brines, magmatic fluids, and meteoric waters all evolved to be H 2S-rich ore fluids by circulation through Paleozoic sedimentary rocks. Thus, although not directly related to gold mineralization, the recent hydrologic history of the deposit provides important clues to earlier ore-forming processes that were responsible for gold mineralization.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.98.6.1243","issn":"03610128","usgsCitation":"Emsbo, P., and Hofstra, A., 2003, Origin and significance of postore dissolution collapse breccias cemented with calcite and barite at the Meikle gold deposit, Northern Carlin trend, Nevada: Economic Geology, v. 98, no. 6, p. 1243-1252, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.98.6.1243.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1243","endPage":"1252","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":387490,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","city":"Carlin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.25732421875,\n 40.60144147645398\n ],\n [\n -115.9332275390625,\n 40.60144147645398\n ],\n [\n -115.9332275390625,\n 40.851215574282456\n ],\n [\n -116.25732421875,\n 40.851215574282456\n ],\n [\n -116.25732421875,\n 40.60144147645398\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"98","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a70bde4b0c8380cd761f9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Emsbo, P.","contributorId":59901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Emsbo","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hofstra, A. H. 0000-0002-2450-1593","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2450-1593","contributorId":41426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hofstra","given":"A. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70025248,"text":"70025248 - 2003 - The effect of entrapped nonaqueous phase liquids on tracer transport in heterogeneous porous media: Laboratory experiments at the intermediate scale","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:57","indexId":"70025248","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2233,"text":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effect of entrapped nonaqueous phase liquids on tracer transport in heterogeneous porous media: Laboratory experiments at the intermediate scale","docAbstract":"This work considers the applicability of conservative tracers for detecting high-saturation nonaqueous-phase liquid (NAPL) entrapment in heterogeneous systems. For this purpose, a series of experiments and simulations was performed using a two-dimensional heterogeneous system (10??1.2 m), which represents an intermediate scale between laboratory and field scales. Tracer tests performed prior to injecting the NAPL provide the baseline response of the heterogeneous porous medium. Two NAPL spill experiments were performed and the entrapped-NAPL saturation distribution measured in detail using a gamma-ray attenuation system. Tracer tests following each of the NAPL spills produced breakthrough curves (BTCs) reflecting the impact of entrapped NAPL on conservative transport. To evaluate significance, the impact of NAPL entrapment on the conservative-tracer breakthrough curves was compared to simulated breakthrough curve variability for different realizations of the heterogeneous distribution. Analysis of the results reveals that the NAPL entrapment has a significant impact on the temporal moments of conservative-tracer breakthrough curves. ?? 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0169-7722(03)00066-4","issn":"01697722","usgsCitation":"Barth, G.R., Illangasekare, T., and Rajaram, H., 2003, The effect of entrapped nonaqueous phase liquids on tracer transport in heterogeneous porous media: Laboratory experiments at the intermediate scale: Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, v. 67, no. 1-4, p. 247-268, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7722(03)00066-4.","startPage":"247","endPage":"268","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236145,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209554,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7722(03)00066-4"}],"volume":"67","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bab25e4b08c986b322c60","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barth, Gilbert R.","contributorId":15374,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barth","given":"Gilbert","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Illangasekare, T.H.","contributorId":45847,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Illangasekare","given":"T.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rajaram, H.","contributorId":39547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rajaram","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70025251,"text":"70025251 - 2003 - Response of benthic invertebrate assemblages to metal exposure and bioaccumulation associated with hard-rock mining in northwestern streams, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-19T10:38:07","indexId":"70025251","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2564,"text":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","onlineIssn":"1937-237X","printIssn":"0887-3593","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Response of benthic invertebrate assemblages to metal exposure and bioaccumulation associated with hard-rock mining in northwestern streams, USA","docAbstract":"Benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages, environmental variables, and associated mine density were evaluated during the summer of 2000 at 18 reference and test sites in the Coeur d'Alene and St. Regis River basins, northwestern USA as part of the US Geological Survey's National Water-Quality Assessment Program. Concentrations of Cd, Pb, and Zn in water and (or) streambed sediment at test sites in basins where production mine density was ???0.2 mines/km2 (in a 500-m stream buffer) were significantly higher than concentrations at reference sites. Zn and Pb were identified as the primary contaminants in water and streambed sediment, respectively. These metal concentrations often exceeded acute Ambient Water Quality Criteria for aquatic life and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Probable Effect Level for streambed sediment. Regression analysis identified significant correlations between production mine density in each basin and Zn concentrations in water and Pb in streambed sediment (r2 = 0.69 and 0.65, p < 0.01). Metal concentrations in caddisfly tissue, used to verify site-specific exposures of benthos, also were highest at sites downstream from intensive mining. Benthic invertebrate taxa richness and densities were lower at sites downstream than upstream of areas of intensive hard-rock mining and associated metal enrichment. Benthic invertebrate metrics that were most effective in discriminating changes in assemblage structure between reference and mining sites were total number of taxa, number of Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera (EPT) taxa, and densities of total individuals, EPT individuals, and metal-sensitive Ephemeroptera individuals.","language":"English","publisher":"University of Chicago Press","doi":"10.2307/1468356","issn":"08873593","usgsCitation":"Maret, T., Cain, D., MacCoy, D., and Short, T., 2003, Response of benthic invertebrate assemblages to metal exposure and bioaccumulation associated with hard-rock mining in northwestern streams, USA: Journal of the North American Benthological Society, v. 22, no. 4, p. 598-620, https://doi.org/10.2307/1468356.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"598","endPage":"620","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":236217,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aaa34e4b0c8380cd861de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maret, T.R.","contributorId":9015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maret","given":"T.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cain, D.J.","contributorId":68329,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cain","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"MacCoy, D.E.","contributorId":47814,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacCoy","given":"D.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Short, T.M.","contributorId":50626,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Short","given":"T.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70025294,"text":"70025294 - 2003 - Effect of isolated fractures on accelerated flow in unsaturated porous rock","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-16T10:11:08","indexId":"70025294","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of isolated fractures on accelerated flow in unsaturated porous rock","docAbstract":"Fractures that begin and end in the unsaturated zone, or isolated fractures, have been ignored in previous studies because they were generally assumed to behave as capillary barriers and remain nonconductive. We conducted a series of experiments using Berea sandstone samples to examine the physical mechanisms controlling flow in a rock containing a single isolated fracture. The input fluxes and fracture orientation were varied in these experiments. Visualization experiments using dyed water in a thin vertical slab of rock were conducted to identify flow mechanisms occurring due to the presence of the isolated fracture. Two mechanisms occurred: (1) localized flow through the rock matrix in the vicinity of the isolated fracture and (2) pooling of water at the bottom of the fracture, indicating the occurrence of film flow along the isolated fracture wall. These mechanisms were observed at fracture angles of 20 and 60 degrees from the horizontal, but not at 90 degrees. Pooling along the bottom of the fracture was observed over a wider range of input fluxes for low‐angled isolated fractures compared to high‐angled ones. Measurements of matrix water pressures in the samples with the 20 and 60 degree fractures also demonstrated that preferential flow occurred through the matrix in the fracture vicinity, where higher pressures occurred in the regions where faster flow was observed in the visualization experiments. The pooling length at the terminus of a 20 degree isolated fracture was measured as a function of input flux. Calculations of the film flow rate along the fracture were made using these measurements and indicated that up to 22% of the flow occurred as film flow. These experiments, apparently the first to consider isolated fractures, demonstrate that such features can accelerate flow through the unsaturated zone and should be considered when developing conceptual models.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2002WR001691","usgsCitation":"Su, G.W., Nimmo, J.R., and Dragila, M.I., 2003, Effect of isolated fractures on accelerated flow in unsaturated porous rock: Water Resources Research, v. 39, no. 12, p. 1-1-1-5, https://doi.org/10.1029/2002WR001691.","productDescription":"Article 1326; 5 p.","startPage":"1-1","endPage":"1-5","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478538,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2002wr001691","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":235693,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-12-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a05f0e4b0c8380cd51033","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Su, Grace W.","contributorId":145734,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Su","given":"Grace","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":404652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nimmo, John R. 0000-0001-8191-1727 jrnimmo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8191-1727","contributorId":757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nimmo","given":"John","email":"jrnimmo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":404653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dragila, Maria I.","contributorId":8657,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dragila","given":"Maria","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70025296,"text":"70025296 - 2003 - New signatures of underground nuclear tests revealed by satellite radar interferometry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-09-06T13:11:30","indexId":"70025296","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"New signatures of underground nuclear tests revealed by satellite radar interferometry","docAbstract":"New observations of surface displacement caused by past underground nuclear tests at the Nevada Test Site (NTS) are presented using interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR). The InSAR data reveal both coseismic and postseismic subsidence signals that extend one kilometer or more across regardless of whether or not a surface crater was formed from each test. While surface craters and other coseismic surface effects (ground cracks, etc.) may be detectable using high resolution optical or other remote sensing techniques, these broader, more subtle subsidence signals (one to several centimeters distributed over an area 1-2 kilometers across) are not detectable using other methods [Barker et al., 1998]. A time series of interferograms reveal that the postseismic signals develop and persist for months to years after the tests and that different rates and styles of deformation occur depending on the geologic and hydrologic setting and conditions of the local test area.","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2003GL018179","issn":"00948276","usgsCitation":"Vincent, P., Larsen, S., Galloway, D., Laczniak, R.J., Walter, W., Foxall, W., and Zucca, J., 2003, New signatures of underground nuclear tests revealed by satellite radar interferometry: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 30, no. 22, p. 1-5, https://doi.org/10.1029/2003GL018179.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"5","costCenters":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":235735,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"22","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-11-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6611e4b0c8380cd72cf5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vincent, P.","contributorId":96465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vincent","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Larsen, S.","contributorId":37087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larsen","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Galloway, D. 0000-0003-0904-5355","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0904-5355","contributorId":7895,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galloway","given":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":404657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Laczniak, R. J.","contributorId":46104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laczniak","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Walter, W.R.","contributorId":33089,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walter","given":"W.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Foxall, W.","contributorId":31559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foxall","given":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Zucca, J.J.","contributorId":104914,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zucca","given":"J.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70025356,"text":"70025356 - 2003 - Mycorrhizal colonization across hydrologic gradients in restored and reference freshwater wetlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:58","indexId":"70025356","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mycorrhizal colonization across hydrologic gradients in restored and reference freshwater wetlands","docAbstract":"Arbuscular mycorrhizae, which are plant root-fungal symbioses, are common associates of vascular plants. Such relationships, however, are thought to be rare in wetland plant roots, although several recent studies suggest that arbuscular mycorrhizae may be important in wetland ecosystems. Our objectives were to determine (1) the level of arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization of plant roots in three freshwater marshes and (2) the effect of restoration status, hydrologic zone, and plant species identity on mycorrhizal colonization. We quantified the percentage of plant roots colonized by mycorrhizal fungi in one reference and two restored freshwater marshes in northern Indiana, USA during summer 1999. Roots were collected from soil cores taken around dominant plant species present in each of three hydrologic zones and then stained for microscopic examination of mycorrhizal colonization. Mycorrhizae were present in each wetland, in all hydrologic zones and in all sampled plants, including Carex and Scirpus species previously thought to be non-mycorrhizal. Both restored and reference wetlands had moderate levels of mycorrhizal colonization, but no clear trends in colonization were seen with hydrologic zone, which has been hypothesized to regulate the formation of mycorrhizae in wetlands. Mycorrhizal colonization levels in the roots of individual species ranged from 3 to 90% and were particularly large in members of the Poaceae (grass) family. Our results suggest that arbuscular mycorrhizae may be widely distributed across plant species and hydrologic zones in both restored and reference freshwater marshes. Thus, future research should examine the functional role of mycorrhizal fungi in freshwater wetlands. ?? 2003, The Society of Wetland Scientists.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wetlands","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"02775212","usgsCitation":"Bauer, C., Kellogg, C., Bridgham, S., and Lamberti, G.A., 2003, Mycorrhizal colonization across hydrologic gradients in restored and reference freshwater wetlands: Wetlands, v. 23, no. 4, p. 961-968.","startPage":"961","endPage":"968","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236073,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a60ece4b0c8380cd7175d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bauer, C.R.","contributorId":57642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bauer","given":"C.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kellogg, C.H.","contributorId":82903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kellogg","given":"C.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bridgham, S.D.","contributorId":40775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bridgham","given":"S.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lamberti, G. A.","contributorId":44229,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lamberti","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70025359,"text":"70025359 - 2003 - Use of stage data to characterize hydrologic conditions in an urbanizing environment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-21T18:16:43.401789","indexId":"70025359","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of stage data to characterize hydrologic conditions in an urbanizing environment","docAbstract":"This paper presents the results of a study on the use of continuous stage data to describe the relation between urban development and three aspects of hydrologic condition that are thought to influence stream ecosystems - overall stage variability, stream flashiness, and the duration of extreme-stage conditions. This relation is examined using data from more than 70 watersheds in three contrasting environmental settings - the humid Northeast (the metropolitan Boston, Massachusetts, area); the very humid Southeast (the metropolitan Birmingham, Alabama, area); and the semiarid West (the metropolitan Salt Lake City, Utah, area). Results from the Birmingham and Boston studies provide evidence linking increased urbanization with stream flashiness. Fragmentation of developed land cover patches appears to ameliorate the effects of urbanization on overall variability and flashiness. There was less success in relating urbanization and streamflow conditions in the Salt Lake City study. A related investigation of six North Carolina sites with long term discharge and stage data indicated that hydrologic condition metrics developed using continuous stage data are comparable to flow based metrics, particularly for stream flashiness measures.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2003.tb04437.x","issn":"1093474X","usgsCitation":"McMahon, G., Bales, J., Coles, J., Giddings, E., and Zappia, H., 2003, Use of stage data to characterize hydrologic conditions in an urbanizing environment: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 39, no. 6, p. 1529-1546, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2003.tb04437.x.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"1529","endPage":"1546","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":388290,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbf89e4b08c986b329bff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McMahon, G.","contributorId":87263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McMahon","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bales, J. D.","contributorId":21569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bales","given":"J. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Coles, J.F.","contributorId":80257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coles","given":"J.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Giddings, E.M.P.","contributorId":36348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giddings","given":"E.M.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zappia, H.","contributorId":94474,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zappia","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70024652,"text":"70024652 - 2003 - Hydrological response to earthquakes in the Haibara well, central Japan - I. Groundwater level changes revealed using state space decomposition of atmospheric pressure, rainfall and tidal responses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:06","indexId":"70024652","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1803,"text":"Geophysical Journal International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrological response to earthquakes in the Haibara well, central Japan - I. Groundwater level changes revealed using state space decomposition of atmospheric pressure, rainfall and tidal responses","docAbstract":"For the groundwater level observed at the Haibara well, Shizuoka Prefecture, central Japan, time series analysis using state-space modelling is applied to extract hydrological anomalies related to earthquakes. This method can decompose observed groundwater level time series into five components: atmospheric pressure, tidal, and precipitation responses, observation noise, and residual water level. The decomposed responses to atmospheric pressure and precipitation are independently determined and are consistent with the expected response to surface loading. In the groundwater level at the Haibara well, 28 coseismic changes can be discerned during the period from 1981 April to 1997 December. There is a threshold in the relationship between earthquake magnitude and the well-hypocentre distance, above which earthquakes cause coseismic changes in the residual water level. All of the coseismic water level changes at the Haibara well are decreases, although 33 per cent of the estimated coseismic volumetric strain steps are contraction, which would be expected to cause water level increases. The coseismic changes in groundwater level are more closely proportional to the estimated ground motion than to coseismic volumetric strain steps, suggesting that ground motion due to earthquakes is the major cause of the coseismic water level drops and that the contribution from static strain is rather small. Possible pre- or inter-earthquake water level changes have occurred at the Haibara well and may have been caused by local aseismic crustal deformation.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Journal International","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-246X.2003.02103.x","issn":"0956540X","usgsCitation":"Matsumoto, N., Kitagawa, G., and Roeloffs, E., 2003, Hydrological response to earthquakes in the Haibara well, central Japan - I. Groundwater level changes revealed using state space decomposition of atmospheric pressure, rainfall and tidal responses: Geophysical Journal International, v. 155, no. 3, p. 885-898, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2003.02103.x.","startPage":"885","endPage":"898","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207978,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2003.02103.x"},{"id":233310,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"155","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a36aee4b0c8380cd608fb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Matsumoto, N.","contributorId":13788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matsumoto","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kitagawa, G.","contributorId":51953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kitagawa","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Roeloffs, E.A.","contributorId":88742,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roeloffs","given":"E.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70024605,"text":"70024605 - 2003 - Seasonal and spatial distribution of bacterial biomass and the percentage of viable cells in a reservoir of Alabama","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:07","indexId":"70024605","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2430,"text":"Journal of Plankton Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonal and spatial distribution of bacterial biomass and the percentage of viable cells in a reservoir of Alabama","docAbstract":"Spatial community dynamics of bacterioplankton were evaluated along the length of the former stream channel of Elledge Lake, a small reservoir in western Alabama. The reservoir was strongly stratified from April to October with up to a 10??C temperature difference across the 1 m deep metalimnion. Bacterial biomass was highest during late summer, with a general pattern of increasing abundance from the inflowing river (???10 ??g C l-1) to the dam (???20-30 ??g C l-1). Bacterial numbers also increased following a >10-fold increase in turbidity associated with a major precipitation event, although only ???10% of these cells were viable. The percentage of viable cells generally increased through the stratified period with 50-70% viable cells in late summer. Overall, an average of 38% of bacterial cells were viable, with a range from <20 to 70%. Although these values were similar to those found by others, additional patterns were identified that have not been previously observed: a marked decline in viable cells was found following turbid storm inflows and increases in the percentage of viable cells occurred during spring warming and following autumnal mixing events. Although a modest increase in abundance occurred along the gradient from inflow down-reservoir to the dam, bacterial abundance did not increase near the dam in a pattern coincident with the commonly observed increased algal biomass in the lacustrine portion of reservoir ecosystems. The increases observed in bacterial viability moving from the inflowing rivers towards the dam and later in stratified periods stress the importance of differences in environmental conditions in time and space in regulating bacterial biomass and development, as well as of shifts that would be anticipated accompanying altered hydrological regimes under climatic change.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Plankton Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1093/plankt/fbg113","issn":"01427873","usgsCitation":"Tietjen, T., and Wetzel, R., 2003, Seasonal and spatial distribution of bacterial biomass and the percentage of viable cells in a reservoir of Alabama: Journal of Plankton Research, v. 25, no. 12, p. 1521-1534, https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbg113.","startPage":"1521","endPage":"1534","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":478410,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbg113","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":207824,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbg113"},{"id":233057,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8874e4b08c986b3169a2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tietjen, T.E.","contributorId":93249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tietjen","given":"T.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wetzel, R.G.","contributorId":60403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wetzel","given":"R.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70025412,"text":"70025412 - 2003 - Determining long time-scale hyporheic zone flow paths in Antarctic streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-19T10:02:30","indexId":"70025412","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determining long time-scale hyporheic zone flow paths in Antarctic streams","docAbstract":"In the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica, glaciers are the source of meltwater during the austral summer, and the streams and adjacent hyporheic zones constitute the entire physical watershed; there are no hillslope processes in these systems. Hyporheic zones can extend several metres from each side of the stream, and are up to 70 cm deep, corresponding to a lateral cross‐section as large as 12 m2, and water resides in the subsurface year around. In this study, we differentiate between the near‐stream hyporheic zone, which can be characterized with stream tracer experiments, and the extended hyporheic zone, which has a longer time‐scale of exchange. We sampled stream water from Green Creek and from the adjacent saturated alluvium for stable isotopes of D and 18O to assess the significance and extent of stream‐water exchange between the streams and extended hyporheic zones over long time‐scales (days to weeks). Our results show that water residing in the extended hyporheic zone is much more isotopically enriched (up to 11‰ D and 2·2‰ 18O) than stream water. This result suggests a long residence time within the extended hyporheic zone, during which fractionation has occurred owing to summer evaporation and winter sublimation of hyporheic water. We found less enriched water in the extended hyporheic zone later in the flow season, suggesting that stream water may be exchanged into and out of this zone, on the time‐scale of weeks to months. The transient storage model OTIS was used to characterize the exchange of stream water with the extended hyporheic zone. Model results yield exchange rates (α) generally an order magnitude lower (10−5 s−1) than those determined using stream‐tracer techniques on the same stream. In light of previous studies in these streams, these results suggest that the hyporheic zones in Antarctic streams have near‐stream zones of rapid stream‐water exchange, where ‘fast’ biogeochemical reactions may influence water chemistry, and extended hyporheic zones, in which slower biogeochemical reaction rates may affect stream‐water chemistry at longer time‐scales.
Historical trends in annual discharge characteristics were evaluated for 11 gauging stations located throughout Iowa. Discharge records from nine eight-digit hydrologic unit code (HUC-8) watersheds were examined for the period 1940 to 2000, whereas data for two larger river systems (Cedar and Des Moines Rivers) were examined for a longer period of record (1903 to 2000). In nearly all watersheds evaluated, annual baseflow, annual minimum flow, and the annual baseflow percentage significantly increased over time. Some rivers also exhibited increasing trends in total annual discharge, whereas only the Maquoketa River had significantly decreased annual maximum flows. Regression of stream discharge versus precipitation indicated that more precipitation is being routed into streams as baseflow than as stormflow in the second half of the 20th Century. Reasons for the observed streamflow trends are hypothesized to include improved conservation practices, greater artificial drainage, increasing row crop production, and channel incision. Each of these reasons is consistent with the observed trends, and all are likely responsible to some degree in most watersheds.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2003.tb04410.x","issn":"1093474X","usgsCitation":"Schilling, K.E., and Libra, R., 2003, Increased baseflow in Iowa over the second half of the 20th Century: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 39, no. 4, p. 851-860, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2003.tb04410.x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"851","endPage":"860","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":478458,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2003.tb04410.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":388289,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -96.591796875,\n 40.51379915504413\n ],\n [\n -90.17578124999999,\n 40.51379915504413\n ],\n [\n -90.17578124999999,\n 43.58039085560784\n ],\n [\n -96.591796875,\n 43.58039085560784\n ],\n [\n -96.591796875,\n 40.51379915504413\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"39","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a39f5e4b0c8380cd61ad1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schilling, K. E.","contributorId":61982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schilling","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Libra, R.D.","contributorId":54353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Libra","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70025417,"text":"70025417 - 2003 - Natural and anthropogenic factors affecting the structure of the benthic macroinvertebrate community in an effluent-dominated reach of the Santa Cruz River, AZ","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:29","indexId":"70025417","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1456,"text":"Ecological Indicators","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Natural and anthropogenic factors affecting the structure of the benthic macroinvertebrate community in an effluent-dominated reach of the Santa Cruz River, AZ","docAbstract":"This study provides an assessment of the ecological conditions of a 46-km effluent-dominated stream section of the Santa Cruz River in the vicinity of the International Waste Water Treatment Plant, Nogales, AZ. We associated changes in the structure of the macroinvertebrate community to natural and anthropogenic chemical and physical variables using multivariate analysis. The analysis shows that biological criteria for effluent-dominated streams can be established using macroinvertebrate community attributes only with an understanding of the contribution of three classes of variables on the community structure: (1) low flow hydrological discharge as affected by groundwater withdrawals, treatment plant discharge, and subsurface geomorphology; (2) chemical composition of the treatment plant discharge and natural dilution; and (3) naturally produced floods resulting from seasonality of precipitation. ?? 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Indicators","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S1470-160X(03)00014-1","issn":"1470160X","usgsCitation":"Boyle, T., and Fraleigh, H., 2003, Natural and anthropogenic factors affecting the structure of the benthic macroinvertebrate community in an effluent-dominated reach of the Santa Cruz River, AZ: Ecological Indicators, v. 3, no. 2, p. 93-117, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-160X(03)00014-1.","startPage":"93","endPage":"117","numberOfPages":"25","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209394,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1470-160X(03)00014-1"},{"id":235784,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a62d5e4b0c8380cd7212d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boyle, T.P.","contributorId":79061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boyle","given":"T.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fraleigh, H.D. Jr.","contributorId":50703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fraleigh","given":"H.D.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70025513,"text":"70025513 - 2003 - Summary of recent research in Long Valley Caldera, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:00","indexId":"70025513","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Summary of recent research in Long Valley Caldera, California","docAbstract":"Since 1978, volcanic unrest in the form of earthquakes and ground deformation has persisted in the Long Valley caldera and adjacent parts of the Sierra Nevada. The papers in this special volume focus on periods of accelerated seismicity and deformation in 1980, 1983, 1989-1990, and 1997-1998 to delineate relations between geologic, tectonic, and hydrologic processes. The results distinguish between earthquake sequences that result from relaxation of existing stress accumulation through brittle failure and those in which brittle failure is driven by active intrusion. They also indicate that in addition to a relatively shallow (7-10-km) source beneath the resurgent dome, there exists a deeper (???15-km) source beneath the south moat. Analysis of microgravimety and deformation data indicates that the composition of the shallower source may involve a combination of silicic magma and hydrothermal fluid. Pressure and temperature fluctuations in wells have accompanied periods of crustal unrest, and additional pressure and temperature changes accompanying ongoing geothermal power production have resulted in land subsidence. The completion in 1998 of a 3000-m-deep drill hole on the resurgent dome has provided useful information on present and past periods of circulation of water at temperatures of 100-200??C within the crystalline basement rocks that underlie the post-caldera volcanics. The well is now being converted to a permanent geophysical monitoring station. ?? 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0377-0273(03)00168-9","issn":"03770273","usgsCitation":"Sorey, M., McConnell, V., and Roeloffs, E., 2003, Summary of recent research in Long Valley Caldera, California: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 127, no. 3-4, p. 165-173, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-0273(03)00168-9.","startPage":"165","endPage":"173","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209544,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0377-0273(03)00168-9"},{"id":236123,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"127","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9ea6e4b08c986b31e048","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sorey, M.L.","contributorId":73185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sorey","given":"M.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McConnell, V.S.","contributorId":39975,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McConnell","given":"V.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Roeloffs, E.","contributorId":21680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roeloffs","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70025591,"text":"70025591 - 2003 - Density and distribution of water boatmen and brine shrimp at a major shorebird wintering area in Puerto Rico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:27","indexId":"70025591","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3751,"text":"Wetlands Ecology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Density and distribution of water boatmen and brine shrimp at a major shorebird wintering area in Puerto Rico","docAbstract":"The Cabo Rojo salt flats are an important wintering area for migratory shorebirds. Their quality is intimately related to prey availability, as prey are needed to meet energetic requirements. Understanding prey dynamics is, therefore, a key element of shorebird conservation plans. To this end, we monitored the density and distribution of water-boatmen (Trichocorixa spp.) and brine shrimp (Artemia spp.) in relation to water salinity from September to November of 1994 and 1995. Salinity ranged from 4 to 292 ppt, and gradients were related to hydrological alterations (e.g., salt extraction) and connection to the ocean. Brine shrimp were restricted to areas of highest salinity (??? 106 ppt), whereas water-boatmen to areas of lowest salinity (< 65 ppt). We used aquaria experiments to discern potential mechanisms influencing density and distribution of water boatmen. We focused on this species because its caloric value is similar to the brine shrimp's, but it occurs in areas of lower salinity where shorebirds are less prone to hyperosmotic stress. We hypothesized that areas devoid of water boatmen exceeded their tolerance limit, and that these limits could hamper survival as individuals move among areas. Experiments showed that an increase of 8.5 ?? 2.1 ppt, when the base salinity was 40 ppt, induced a 50% mortality rate. From a base salinity of 55 ppt, median survival time decreased curvilinearly across salinity concentrations of 65 to 195 ppt. Median survival was lowest > 100 ppt. Lowering water salinity did not result in osmolal related mortality. Results underscored the sensitivity of water boatmen to high salinity, particularly when the difference in salinity between the 'source' and 'destination' localities widened. Water boatmen density increased in one lagoon as salinity decreased from 65 to 47 ppt. On the basis of our experiments, local adult survivorship improved and immigration and subsequent survival of adults, if any, was not hindered. The density of nymphs also suggested that hatching occurred concurrently. The foraging value of the salt flats can be enhanced by maintaining salinity at < 65 ppt in selected management units and minimizing differences in salinity concentrations among them.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wetlands Ecology and Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1023/B:WETL.0000005542.46697.1d","issn":"09234861","usgsCitation":"Tripp, K., and Collazo, J., 2003, Density and distribution of water boatmen and brine shrimp at a major shorebird wintering area in Puerto Rico: Wetlands Ecology and Management, v. 11, no. 5, p. 331-341, https://doi.org/10.1023/B:WETL.0000005542.46697.1d.","startPage":"331","endPage":"341","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209349,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:WETL.0000005542.46697.1d"},{"id":235677,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fe9fe4b0c8380cd4ee2b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tripp, K.J.","contributorId":74933,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tripp","given":"K.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Collazo, J.A.","contributorId":35039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collazo","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":405777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
]}