Quantifying incubation patterns has often involved long observation periods in the field, video cameras, or the use of other electronic devices that sometimes require the partial destruction of clutches and insertion of artificial eggs. In this study, we used an inexpensive, nondestructive method involving temperature probes combined with data loggers to examine the incubation rhythm of female Black-throated Blue Warblers (Dendroica caerulescens). The method provided detailed records of on–off patterns for females for selected 24-h periods during incubation. Female warblers spent an average (±SE) of 64.0% of daylight hours incubating in bouts lasting 20.5 ± 1.5 min and made 2.4 ± 0.1 departures from the nest/h on trips that lasted 10.6 ± 0.7 min. Incubation bouts were longer and females spent more time incubating per hour in the mornings and late afternoons than at mid-day. Older females had longer incubation bouts and tended to have shorter incubation periods than did yearling females, suggesting that experienced individuals were more effective incubators. Because of its ease of use and because nests with probes were not depredated at a higher rate than controls, we suggest that the temperature probe/data logger method is an efficient and effective way to quantify incubation rhythms for open-cup nesting birds.
","language":"French, English","publisher":"Association of Field Ornithologists","doi":"10.1648/0273-8570-72.3.369","issn":"02738570","usgsCitation":"Joyce, E.M., Sillett, T., and Holmes, R.T., 2001, An inexpensive method for quantifying incubation patterns of open-cup nesting birds, with data for black-throated Blue warblers: Journal of Field Ornithology, v. 72, no. 3, p. 369-379, https://doi.org/10.1648/0273-8570-72.3.369.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"369","endPage":"379","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232355,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"72","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ea7be4b0c8380cd488b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Joyce, Elizabeth M.","contributorId":76094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Joyce","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sillett, T. Scott","contributorId":80788,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sillett","given":"T. Scott","affiliations":[{"id":7035,"text":"Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":397170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Holmes, Richard T.","contributorId":45269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holmes","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70023748,"text":"70023748 - 2001 - International collaboration: The cornerstone of satellite land remote sensing in the 21st century","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-14T13:46:35","indexId":"70023748","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3453,"text":"Space Policy","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"International collaboration: The cornerstone of satellite land remote sensing in the 21st century","docAbstract":"Satellite land remotely sensed data are used by scientists and resource managers world-wide to study similar multidisciplinary earth science problems. Most of their information requirements can be met by a small number of satellite sensor types. Moderate-resolution resource satellites and low-resolution environmental satellites are the most prominent of these, and they are the focus of this paper. Building, launching, and operating satellite systems are very expensive endeavors. Consequently, nations should change the current pattern of independently launching and operating similar, largely redundant resource and environmental satellite systems in favor of true and full collaboration in developing, launching, operating, and sharing the data from such systems of the future. The past decade has seen encouraging signs of increasing international collaboration in earth remote sensing, but full collaboration has not yet been attempted. A general strategy to achieve such international collaboration is presented here, including discussion of potential obstacles, ideas for organizing and overseeing the long-term process toward collaboration, and short-term objectives whereby early successes critical to accomplishing long-term goals can be achieved.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0265-9646(01)00030-3","issn":"02659646","usgsCitation":"Bailey, G.B., Lauer, D.T., and Carneggie, D.M., 2001, International collaboration: The cornerstone of satellite land remote sensing in the 21st century: Space Policy, v. 17, no. 3, p. 161-169, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0265-9646(01)00030-3.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"161","endPage":"169","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":232668,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":207592,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0265-9646(01)00030-3"}],"volume":"17","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3d38e4b0c8380cd633c4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bailey, G. Bryan","contributorId":22689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailey","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"Bryan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lauer, Donald T.","contributorId":32211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lauer","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carneggie, David M.","contributorId":62758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carneggie","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1001012,"text":"1001012 - 2001 - Establishment of two invasive crustaceans (Copepoda: Harpacticoida) on the nearshore sands of Lake Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:46","indexId":"1001012","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Establishment of two invasive crustaceans (Copepoda: Harpacticoida) on the nearshore sands of Lake Michigan","docAbstract":"Benthic copepods (Copepoda: Harpacticoida) in the nearshore sediments of southern Lake Michigan appear to be dominated by two new invasive species. We report the first occurrence in North America of Schizopera borutzkyi Montschenko, a native to the Danube River delta, and Heteropsyllus nr. nunni, likely a new species that is morphologically similar to the marine species Heteropsyllus nunni and represents the first occurrence of this genus in freshwater. Schizopera borutzkyi is a euryhaline species occurring in shallow sands in its native habitat and in deeper sands (6-15 m) in southern Lake Michigan. Based on the absence of these species from previous studies, we suggest that they are recent introductions. Heteropsyllus nr. nunni dominated (55-100%) the harpacticoid abundance to depths of 9 m, but S. borutzkyi comprised 75% of the harpacticoid abundance at 15 m. Native harpacticoids were always greatly outnumbered by invasive harpacticoids in our samples, which suggests that the natives are being replaced rapidly or that the invasive species are finding unused resources. The ecological implications of these introductions are not known, but these invasions may represent continued 'invasional meltdown' in Lake Michigan.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Horvath, T.G., Whitman, R.L., and Last, L.L., 2001, Establishment of two invasive crustaceans (Copepoda: Harpacticoida) on the nearshore sands of Lake Michigan: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 58, no. 7, p. 1261-1264.","productDescription":"p. 1261-1264","startPage":"1261","endPage":"1264","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133583,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"58","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ee4b07f02db5fdd0f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Horvath, Thomas G.","contributorId":89492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horvath","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whitman, Richard L. rwhitman@usgs.gov","contributorId":542,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitman","given":"Richard","email":"rwhitman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":310210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Last, Laurel L.","contributorId":7240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Last","given":"Laurel","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70023747,"text":"70023747 - 2001 - Demonstration of significant abiotic iron isotope fractionation in nature","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-03T10:03:00","indexId":"70023747","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Demonstration of significant abiotic iron isotope fractionation in nature","docAbstract":"Field and laboratory studies reveal that the mineral ferrihydrite, formed as a result of abiotic oxidation of aqueous ferrous to ferric Fe, contains Fe that is isotopically heavy relative to coexisting aqueous Fe. Because the electron transfer step of the oxidation process at pH >5 is essentially irreversible and should favor the lighter Fe isotopes in the ferric iron product, this result suggests that relatively heavy Fe isotopes are preferentially partitioned into the readily oxidized Fe(II)(OH)x(aq) species or their transition complexes prior to oxidation. The apparent Fe isotope fractionation factor, αferrihydrite- water, depends primarily on the relative abundances of the Fe(II)(aq)species. This study demonstrates that abiotic processes can fractionate the Fe isotopes to the same extent as biotic processes, and thus Fe isotopes on their own do not provide an effective biosignature.
","language":"English","publisher":"GSW","doi":"10.1130/0091-7613(2001)029<0699:DOSAII>2.0.CO;2","issn":"00917613","usgsCitation":"Bullen, T., White, A.F., Childs, C., Vivit, D., and Schultz, M., 2001, Demonstration of significant abiotic iron isotope fractionation in nature: Geology, v. 29, no. 8, p. 699-702, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(2001)029<0699:DOSAII>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"699","endPage":"702","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":232667,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fe91e4b0c8380cd4edcd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bullen, T.D.","contributorId":79911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bullen","given":"T.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"White, A. F.","contributorId":36546,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Childs, C.W.","contributorId":82891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Childs","given":"C.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vivit, D.V.","contributorId":28609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vivit","given":"D.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schultz, M.S.","contributorId":66023,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schultz","given":"M.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70023249,"text":"70023249 - 2001 - Toward linking maize chemistry to archaeological agricultural sites in the North American Southwest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-15T12:50:04","indexId":"70023249","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2182,"text":"Journal of Archaeological Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Toward linking maize chemistry to archaeological agricultural sites in the North American Southwest","docAbstract":"Maize (Zea mays L.) was the staple domestic food crop for Ancestral Pueblo people throughout the northern American Southwest. It is thought to have been the basic food of the inhabitants of Chaco Canyon. New Mexico, a location that was a major centre of Ancestral Pueblo building and population during the 11th and early 12th centuries AD. Modern heirloom varieties of Native American corn have been difficult to grow in experimental fields in Chaco Canyon. Given an abundance of apparent storage structures in Chacoan buildings, it is possible that some corn recovered from archaeological contexts, was imported from surrounding areas. The ultimate goal of this research is to determine whether the corn in Chaco Canyon was grown locally or imported. This paper establishes the feasibility of a method to accomplish this goal. This study reports the results of using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometric (ICP-MS) instrumentation to determine chemical constituents of experimental fields and modern heirloom varieties of Native American corn. Analysis of 19 elements is adequate to differentiate soil and corn from three field areas. These results are promising: however, a number of problems, including post-depositional alterations in maize, remain to be solved. ?? 2001 Academic Press.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Archaeological Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1006/jasc.2001.0598","issn":"03054403","usgsCitation":"Cordell, L., Durand, S., Antweiler, R.C., and Taylor, H.E., 2001, Toward linking maize chemistry to archaeological agricultural sites in the North American Southwest: Journal of Archaeological Science, v. 28, no. 5, p. 501-513, https://doi.org/10.1006/jasc.2001.0598.","startPage":"501","endPage":"513","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232276,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":207373,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jasc.2001.0598"}],"volume":"28","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb5b8e4b08c986b32685e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cordell, L.S.","contributorId":63569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cordell","given":"L.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Durand, S.R.","contributorId":87315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Durand","given":"S.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Antweiler, Ronald C. 0000-0001-5652-6034 antweil@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5652-6034","contributorId":1481,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Antweiler","given":"Ronald","email":"antweil@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":397016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Taylor, Howard E. hetaylor@usgs.gov","contributorId":1551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Howard","email":"hetaylor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":397015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70023011,"text":"70023011 - 2001 - Tag retention, growth, and survival of red swamp crayfish marked with a visible implant tag","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:39","indexId":"70023011","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tag retention, growth, and survival of red swamp crayfish marked with a visible implant tag","docAbstract":"Eighty juvenile (means: 42.4 mm total length, 1.6 g) red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii were implanted with sequentially numbered visible implant tags and held in the laboratory. Tags were injected transversely into the musculature just beneath the exoskeleton of the third abdominal segment from the cephalothorax; tags were visible upon inspection. An additional 20 crayfish were left untagged and served as controls. After 150 d, tag retention was 80% and all tags were readable. No tagged crayfish died during the study, and no differences in total length or weight were detected between tagged and control crayfish. All individuals molted at least three times during the 150-d study, and some individuals molted up to six times, suggesting that most tags would be permanently retained. The readability in the field without specialized equipment makes the visible implant tag ideal for studies of crayfish ecology, management, and culture.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/1548-8675(2001)021<0422:TRGASO>2.0.CO;2","issn":"02755947","usgsCitation":"Isely, J.J., and Stockett, P., 2001, Tag retention, growth, and survival of red swamp crayfish marked with a visible implant tag: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 21, no. 2, p. 422-424, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8675(2001)021<0422:TRGASO>2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"422","endPage":"424","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208272,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/1548-8675(2001)021<0422:TRGASO>2.0.CO;2"},{"id":233907,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba3b6e4b08c986b31fe32","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Isely, J. Jeffery","contributorId":97224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Isely","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Jeffery","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":395800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stockett, P.E.","contributorId":51504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stockett","given":"P.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":395799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70023016,"text":"70023016 - 2001 - Brecciated and mineralized coals in Union County Western Kentucky coal field","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:08","indexId":"70023016","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2033,"text":"International Journal of Coal Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Brecciated and mineralized coals in Union County Western Kentucky coal field","docAbstract":"Coals from the D-2 and D-3 boreholes in the Grove Center 7 1/2 min quadrangle, Union County, KY, have been found to be highly brecciated and mineralized. The mineralization is dominated by a carbonate assemblage with minor sulfides and sulfates. Included among the secondary minerals is the lead selenide, clausthalite. Overall, the emplacement of secondary vein minerals was responsible for raising the rank of the coals from the 0.6-0.7% Rmax range found in the area to as high as 0.95-0.99% Rmax. A 1.3-m-thick coal found in one of the boreholes is unique among known Western Kentucky coals in having less than 50% vitrinite. Semifusinite and fusinite dominate the maceral assemblages. The coal is also low in sulfur coal, which is unusual for the Illinois Basin. It has an ash yield of less than 10%; much of it dominated by pervasive carbonate veining. The age of the thick coal in core D-2 is similar to that of the Elm Lick coal bed, found elsewhere in the Western Kentucky coalfield. The coals in D-3 are younger, having Stephanian palynomorph assemblages. ?? 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Journal of Coal Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0166-5162(01)00047-7","issn":"01665162","usgsCitation":"Hower, J., Williams, D., Eble, C., Sakulpitakphon, T., and Moecher, D., 2001, Brecciated and mineralized coals in Union County Western Kentucky coal field: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 47, no. 3-4, p. 223-234, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0166-5162(01)00047-7.","startPage":"223","endPage":"234","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208014,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0166-5162(01)00047-7"},{"id":233367,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"47","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f255e4b0c8380cd4b113","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hower, J.C.","contributorId":100541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hower","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":395811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williams, D.A.","contributorId":98048,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Williams","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7114,"text":"Arizona State Unviersity","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":395810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eble, C.F.","contributorId":35346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eble","given":"C.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":395809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sakulpitakphon, T.","contributorId":29169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sakulpitakphon","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":395808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Moecher, D.P.","contributorId":106269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moecher","given":"D.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":395812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70023169,"text":"70023169 - 2001 - Dietary restriction causes chronic elevation of corticosterone and enhances stress response in red-legged kittiwake chicks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-18T09:32:57","indexId":"70023169","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2226,"text":"Journal of Comparative Physiology B: Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dietary restriction causes chronic elevation of corticosterone and enhances stress response in red-legged kittiwake chicks","docAbstract":"Release of corticosterone in hungry kittiwake chicks facilitates begging and allows them to restore depleted energy reserves by increasing parental food provisioning. However, in order to avoid detrimental effects of chronic elevation of corticosterone, chicks might suppress adrenocortical activity in response to prolonged food shortages. In this study we examined temporal dynamics of corticosterone release in red-legged kittiwake (Rissa brevirostris) chicks exposed to prolonged restrictions in energy content and/or nutritional quality (low versus high lipid content) of their food. Starting at the age of 15 days, chicks were fed either high- or low-lipid fish at 40%, 65%, and 100% of ad libitum energy intake. Body mass measurements and baseline plasma samples were taken on a weekly basis after beginning of the treatment. After 3 weeks of treatment, chicks were exposed to a standardized acute handling and restraint stress protocol, where in addition to a baseline sample, three plasma samples were taken at intervals up to 50 min. We found that food-restricted chicks had lower body mass, chronically (during 2-3 weeks) elevated baseline and higher acute stress-induced levels of corticosterone compared to chicks fed ad libitum. Low lipid content of food further exacerbated these effects. An increase in baseline levels of corticosterone was observed within a week after energy requirements of food-restricted chicks exceeded their daily energy intake. A tendency for suppression of adrenocortical activity was observed in treatments fed low-lipid diets only at the end of the experiment. We suggest that nest-bound chicks, if food-stressed, might suffer deleterious effects of chronic elevation of corticosterone.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Comparative Physiology B: Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s003600100230","issn":"01741578","usgsCitation":"Kitaysky, A., Kitaiskaia, E., Wingfield, J., and Piatt, J.F., 2001, Dietary restriction causes chronic elevation of corticosterone and enhances stress response in red-legged kittiwake chicks: Journal of Comparative Physiology B: Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology, v. 171, no. 8, p. 701-709, https://doi.org/10.1007/s003600100230.","startPage":"701","endPage":"709","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":503806,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://zotero.org/groups/5435545/items/L5TFS5LK","text":"External Repository"},{"id":233476,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":208073,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003600100230"}],"volume":"171","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a00e0e4b0c8380cd4f986","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kitaysky, A.S.","contributorId":104239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kitaysky","given":"A.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kitaiskaia, E.V.","contributorId":102668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kitaiskaia","given":"E.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wingfield, J.C.","contributorId":22929,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wingfield","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Piatt, John F. 0000-0002-4417-5748 jpiatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-5748","contributorId":3025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatt","given":"John","email":"jpiatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":396565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70023170,"text":"70023170 - 2001 - Scleria lacustris (Cyperaceae), an aquatic and wetland sedge introduced to Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-21T10:27:33","indexId":"70023170","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3322,"text":"SIDA, Contributions to Botany","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Scleria lacustris (Cyperaceae), an aquatic and wetland sedge introduced to Florida","docAbstract":"A non-native species of Scleria, S. lacustris is reported from six counties and three major hydrologic regions in Florida. Biogeography and habitat in Florida are addressed. A description, key features and illustration are presented.
","language":"English","publisher":"Botanical Research Institute of Texas","issn":"00361488","usgsCitation":"Jacono, C., 2001, Scleria lacustris (Cyperaceae), an aquatic and wetland sedge introduced to Florida: SIDA, Contributions to Botany, v. 19, no. 4, p. 1163-1170.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1163","endPage":"1170","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":233477,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":269882,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/41967965"}],"volume":"19","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8792e4b08c986b316562","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jacono, C.C.","contributorId":32879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacono","given":"C.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70023251,"text":"70023251 - 2001 - Using absolute gravimeter data to determine vertical gravity gradients","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:04","indexId":"70023251","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2718,"text":"Metrologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using absolute gravimeter data to determine vertical gravity gradients","docAbstract":"The position versus time data from a free-fall absolute gravimeter can be used to estimate the vertical gravity gradient in addition to the gravity value itself. Hipkin has reported success in estimating the vertical gradient value using a data set of unusually good quality. This paper explores techniques that may be applicable to a broader class of data that may be contaminated with \"system response\" errors of larger magnitude than were evident in the data used by Hipkin. This system response function is usually modelled as a sum of exponentially decaying sinusoidal components. The technique employed here involves combining the x0, v0 and g parameters from all the drops made during a site occupation into a single least-squares solution, and including the value of the vertical gradient and the coefficients of system response function in the same solution. The resulting non-linear equations must be solved iteratively and convergence presents some difficulties. Sparse matrix techniques are used to make the least-squares problem computationally tractable.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Metrologia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1088/0026-1394/38/2/6","issn":"00261394","usgsCitation":"Robertson, D., 2001, Using absolute gravimeter data to determine vertical gravity gradients: Metrologia, v. 38, no. 2, p. 147-153, https://doi.org/10.1088/0026-1394/38/2/6.","startPage":"147","endPage":"153","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207397,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0026-1394/38/2/6"},{"id":232315,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"38","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-03-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc02ae4b08c986b329f7d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robertson, D.S.","contributorId":74167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robertson","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1001772,"text":"1001772 - 2001 - Winter severity and wolf predation on a formerly wolf-free elk herd","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-04T11:41:17","indexId":"1001772","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Winter severity and wolf predation on a formerly wolf-free elk herd","docAbstract":"We studied wolf (Canis lupus) predation on elk (Cervus elaphus) in Yellowstone National Park from 17 March to 15 April 1997 (severe winter conditions) and from 2 to 31 March 1998 (mild winter conditions) 2-3 years after wolves were reintroduced to the park. Elk composed 91 % of 117 kills. Data comparisons for 1997 versus 1998 were: hunting success rate, 26% versus 15%; kill rate, 17.1 kg/wolf/day versus 6.1; percent of kill consumed in first day, 7 versus 86; percent femur marrow fat of adult kills, 27 versus 70; calf:adult ratios of kills, 2:33 versus 17:23; sex ratio of kills, 14M:19F versus 17M:6F; mean age of elk killed, males 6.1 years, females 15.2 versus males, 4.8, females 13.0. Winter severity influenced the wolf-elk relationship more than the naivete of the elk herd to predation by wolves.","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","doi":"10.2307/3803048","usgsCitation":"Mech, L.D., Smith, D.W., Murphy, K.M., and MacNulty, D.R., 2001, Winter severity and wolf predation on a formerly wolf-free elk herd: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 65, no. 4, p. 998-1003, https://doi.org/10.2307/3803048.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"998","endPage":"1003","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":486806,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3803048","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":130265,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"65","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4857e4b07f02db50261d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mech, L. David 0000-0003-3944-7769 david_mech@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":2518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mech","given":"L.","email":"david_mech@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":311719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Douglas W.","contributorId":95727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Murphy, Kerry M.","contributorId":14279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murphy","given":"Kerry","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"MacNulty, Daniel R.","contributorId":64069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacNulty","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":1003886,"text":"1003886 - 2001 - Dual Sarcocystis neurona and Toxoplasma gondii infection in a northern sea otter from Washington state, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-15T13:27:50","indexId":"1003886","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3686,"text":"Veterinary Parasitology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dual Sarcocystis neurona and Toxoplasma gondii infection in a northern sea otter from Washington state, USA","docAbstract":"Dual Sarcocystis neurona and Toxoplasma gondii infection was observed in a Northern sea otter from Washington, USA. The animal was found stranded, convulsed, and died shortly thereafter. Encephalitis caused by both S. neurona and T. gondii was demonstrated in histological sections of brain. Immunohistochemical examination of sections with S. neurona specific antisera demonstrated developmental stages that divided by endopolygeny and produced numerous merozoites. PCR of brain tissue from the sea otter using primer pairs JNB33/JNB54 resulted in amplification of a 1100 bp product. This PCR product was cut in to 884 and 216 bp products by Dra I but was not cut by Hinf I indicating that it was S. neurona [J. Parasitol. 85 (1999) 221]. No PCR product was detected in the brain of a sea otter which had no lesions of encephalitis. Examination of brain sections using T. gondii specific antisera demonstrated tachyzoites and tissue cysts of T. gondii. The lesions induced by T. gondii suggested that the sea otter was suffering from reactivated toxoplasmosis. T. gondii was isolated in mice inoculated with brain tissue. A cat that was fed infected mouse brain tissue excreted T. gondii oocysts which were infective for mice. This is apparently the first report of dual S. neurona and T. gondii in a marine mammal.
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P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":50468,"text":"ofr01497 - 2001 - Databases and simplified geology for mineralized areas, claims, mines and prospects in Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-22T19:52:00.521586","indexId":"ofr01497","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-497","title":"Databases and simplified geology for mineralized areas, claims, mines and prospects in Wyoming","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr01497","usgsCitation":"Wilson, A.B., Klein, T.L., and Heran, W.D., 2001, Databases and simplified geology for mineralized areas, claims, mines and prospects in Wyoming (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-497, Report: 17 p.; Readme; Data Files; Metadata, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr01497.","productDescription":"Report: 17 p.; Readme; Data Files; Metadata","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":175814,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":414569,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_46481.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":4278,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr-01-0497/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.00566941962046,\n 45.03496541924736\n ],\n [\n -111.00566941962046,\n 41.03921315744799\n ],\n [\n -104.07994244042345,\n 41.03921315744799\n ],\n [\n -104.07994244042345,\n 45.03496541924736\n ],\n [\n -111.00566941962046,\n 45.03496541924736\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db672a0c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, Anna B. 0000-0002-9737-2614 awilson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9737-2614","contributorId":1619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Anna","email":"awilson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":241525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Klein, Terry L. tklein@usgs.gov","contributorId":1244,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klein","given":"Terry","email":"tklein@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":241524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Heran, William D. wheran@usgs.gov","contributorId":2246,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heran","given":"William","email":"wheran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":241526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70194291,"text":"70194291 - 2001 - Soil biota in an ungrazed grassland: Response to annual grass (Bromus tectorum) invasion","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-08T19:47:10.101685","indexId":"70194291","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Soil biota in an ungrazed grassland: Response to annual grass (Bromus tectorum) invasion","title":"Soil biota in an ungrazed grassland: Response to annual grass (Bromus tectorum) invasion","docAbstract":"Bromus tectorum is an exotic annual grass that currently dominates many western U.S. semi-arid ecosystems, and the effects of this grass on ecosystems in general, and soil biota specifically, are unknown. Bromus recently invaded two ungrazed and unburned perennial bunchgrass communities in southeastern Utah. This study compared the soil food-web structure of the two native grassland associations (Stipa [S] and Hilaria [H]), with and without the presence of Bromus. Perennial grass and total vascular-plant cover were higher in S than in H plots, while quantities of ground litter were similar. Distribution of live and dead plant material was highly clumped in S and fairly homogenous in H. Soil food-web structure was different between H and S, with lower trophic levels more abundant in H and higher trophic levels more abundant in S. In Bromus-invaded plots, the quantity of ground litter was 2.2 times higher in Hilaria–Bromus (HB) than in H plots, and 2.8 times higher in Stipa–Bromus (SB) than in S plots. Soil biota in HB generally responded to the Bromus invasion in an opposite manner than in SB, e.g., if a given component of the food web increased in one community, it generally decreased in the other. Active bacteria decreased in H vs. HB, while increasing in S vs. SB. Soil and live plant-infecting fungi were the exception, as they increased in both types of invaded plots relative to uninvaded plots. Dead-plant-infecting fungi decreased in H vs. HB and increased in S vs. SB. Most higher-trophic-level organisms increased in HB relative to H, while decreasing in SB relative to S. Given the mixed response to invasion, the structure of these soil food webs appears to be controlled by both plant inputs and internal dynamics between trophic levels. When compared to non-invaded sites, soil and soil food-web characterisitics of the newly invaded sites included: (1) lower species richness and lower absolute numbers of fungi and invertebrates; (2) greater abundance of active bacteria; (3) similar species of bacteria and fungi as those found in soils invaded over 50 yr ago; (4) higher levels of silt (thus greater fertility and soil water-holding capacity); and (5) a more continuous cover of living and dead plant material (thus facilitating germination of the large-seeded Bromus). These results illustrate that (1) soil food-web structure can vary widely within what would generally be considered one vegetation type (semi-arid grassland), depending on plant species composition within that type, and (2) addition of a common resource can evoke disparate responses from individual food-web compartments, depending on their original structure.
","language":"English","publisher":"ESA","doi":"10.1890/1051-0761(2001)011[1261:SBIAUG]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Belnap, J., and Phillips, S.L., 2001, Soil biota in an ungrazed grassland: Response to annual grass (Bromus tectorum) invasion: Ecological Applications, v. 11, no. 5, p. 1261-1275, https://doi.org/10.1890/1051-0761(2001)011[1261:SBIAUG]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1261","endPage":"1275","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":349229,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a612054e4b06e28e9c25b37","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Belnap, Jayne 0000-0001-7471-2279 jayne_belnap@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7471-2279","contributorId":1332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belnap","given":"Jayne","email":"jayne_belnap@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":723110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Phillips, Susan L. 0000-0002-5891-8485 sue_phillips@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5891-8485","contributorId":717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"Susan","email":"sue_phillips@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":723111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70023142,"text":"70023142 - 2001 - Antibody-producing cells correlated to body weight in juvenile chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) acclimated to optimal and elevated temperatures","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-21T15:37:27","indexId":"70023142","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1653,"text":"Fish and Shellfish Immunology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Antibody-producing cells correlated to body weight in juvenile chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) acclimated to optimal and elevated temperatures","docAbstract":"The immune response of juvenile chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) ranging in weight from approximately 10 to 55 g was compared when the fish were acclimated to either 13 or 21?? C. A haemolytic plaque assay was conducted to determine differences in the number of antibody-producing cells (APC) among fish of a similar age but different body weights. Regression analyses revealed significant increases in the number of APC with increasing body weight when fish were acclimated to either water temperature. These results emphasise the importance of standardising fish weight in immunological studies of salmonids before exploring the possible effects of acclimation temperatures. ?? 2001 Academic Press.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1006/fsim.2001.0342","issn":"10504648","usgsCitation":"Harrahy, L., Schreck, C., and Maule, A., 2001, Antibody-producing cells correlated to body weight in juvenile chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) acclimated to optimal and elevated temperatures: Fish and Shellfish Immunology, v. 11, no. 8, p. 653-659, https://doi.org/10.1006/fsim.2001.0342.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"653","endPage":"659","numberOfPages":"7","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":233628,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":208142,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1006/fsim.2001.0342"}],"volume":"11","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ec60e4b0c8380cd49233","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harrahy, L.N.M.","contributorId":82502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harrahy","given":"L.N.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schreck, C.B.","contributorId":11977,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schreck","given":"C.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Maule, A.G.","contributorId":45067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maule","given":"A.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70023014,"text":"70023014 - 2001 - Known and suggested quaternary faulting in the midcontinent United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:08","indexId":"70023014","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1517,"text":"Engineering Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Known and suggested quaternary faulting in the midcontinent United States","docAbstract":"The midcontinent United States between the Appalachian and Rocky Mountains contains 40 known faults or other potentially tectonic features for which published geologic information shows or suggests Quaternary tectonic faulting. We report results of a systematic evaluation of published and other publicly available geologic evidence of Quaternary faulting. These results benefit seismic-hazard assessments by (1) providing some constraints on the recurrence intervals and magnitudes of large, prehistoric earthquakes, and (2) identifying features that warrant additional study. For some features, suggested Quaternary tectonic faulting has been disproved, whereas, for others, the suggested faulting remains questionable. Of the 40 features, nine have clear geologic evidence of Quaternary tectonic faulting associated with prehistoric earthquakes, and another six features have evidence of nontectonic origins. An additional 12 faults, uplifts, or historical seismic zones lack reported paleoseismological evidence of large. Quaternary earthquakes. The remaining 13 features require further paleoseismological study to determine if they have had Quaternary earthquakes that were larger than any known from local historical records; seven of these 13 features are in or near urbanized areas where their study could affect urban hazard estimates. These seven are: (1) the belt of normal faults that rings the Gulf of Mexico from Florida to Texas. (2) the Northeast Ohio seismic zone, (3) the Valmont and (4) Goodpasture faults of Colorado. (5) the Champlain lowlands normal faults of New York State and Vermont, and (6) the Lexington and (7) Kentucky River fault systems of eastern Kentucky. Published by Elsevier Science B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Engineering Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0013-7952(01)00050-3","issn":"00137952","usgsCitation":"Wheeler, R.L., and Crone, A.J., 2001, Known and suggested quaternary faulting in the midcontinent United States: Engineering Geology, v. 62, no. 1-3, p. 51-78, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0013-7952(01)00050-3.","startPage":"51","endPage":"78","numberOfPages":"28","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487433,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0013-7952(01)00050-3","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":208012,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0013-7952(01)00050-3"},{"id":233365,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"62","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a40bee4b0c8380cd64ff2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wheeler, R. L.","contributorId":34916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wheeler","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":395803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Crone, A. J.","contributorId":84363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crone","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":395804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70023252,"text":"70023252 - 2001 - Major brazilian gold deposits - 1982 to 1999","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:04","indexId":"70023252","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2746,"text":"Mineralium Deposita","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Major brazilian gold deposits - 1982 to 1999","docAbstract":"Brazil has been a major but intermittent producer of gold since its discovery in 1500. Brazil led the world in gold production during the 18th and early 19th centuries. From the late 19th century to the late 20th century, total mining company and garimpeiro production was small and relatively constant at about 5 to 8 t/year. The discovery of alluvial deposits in the Amazon by garimpeiros in the 1970s and the opening of eight mines by mining companies from 1983 to 1990 fueled a major boom in Brazil's gold production, exceeding 100 t/year in 1988 and 1989. However, garimpeiro alluvial production decreased 'rapidly in the 1990s, to about 10 t/year by 1999. Company production increased about tenfold from about 4 t/year in 1982 to 40 t in 1992. Production from 1992 to the present remained relatively stable, even though several mines were closed or were in the process of closing and no new major mines were put into production during that period. Based on their production history from 1982-1999, 17 gold mines are ranked as major (> 20 t) and minor (3-8 t) mines. From 1982-1999, deposits hosted in Archean rocks produced 66% of the gold in Brazil, whereas deposits in Paleoproterozoic and Neoproterozoic rocks accounted for 19% and 15%, respectively. Deposits in metamorphosed sedimentary rocks, especially carbonate-rich rocks and carbonate iron-formation, yielded the great bulk of the gold. Deposits in igneous rocks were of much less importance. The Archean and Paleoproterozoic terranes of Brazil largely lack base-metal-rich volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits, porphyry deposits, and polymetallic veins and sedimentary exhalative deposits. An exception to this is in the Caraja??s Mineral Province.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mineralium Deposita","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s001260100170","issn":"00264598","usgsCitation":"Thorman, C., Dewitt, E., Maron, M., and Ladeira, E., 2001, Major brazilian gold deposits - 1982 to 1999: Mineralium Deposita, v. 36, no. 3-4, p. 218-227, https://doi.org/10.1007/s001260100170.","startPage":"218","endPage":"227","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232316,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":207398,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001260100170"}],"volume":"36","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2001-05-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4c0be4b0c8380cd6997f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thorman, C.H.","contributorId":67524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thorman","given":"C.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dewitt, E.","contributorId":108257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dewitt","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Maron, M.A.","contributorId":99335,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maron","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ladeira, E.A.","contributorId":11797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ladeira","given":"E.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70023143,"text":"70023143 - 2001 - The roughness of natural terrain: A planetary and remote sensing perspective","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-18T08:35:53","indexId":"70023143","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2317,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The roughness of natural terrain: A planetary and remote sensing perspective","docAbstract":"We examine the various methods and parameters in common use for quantifying and reporting surface topographic \"roughness.\" It is shown that scale-dependent roughness parameters are almost always required, though not widely used. We suggest a method of standardizing the parameters that are computed and reported so that topographic data gathered by different workers using different field techniques can be directly and easily intercompared. We illustrate the proposed method by analyzing topographic data from 60 different surfaces gathered by five different groups and examine the information for common features. We briefly discuss the implications of our analysis for studies of planetary surface roughness, lander safety, and radar remote sensing modeling and analysis.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1029/2000JE001429","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Shepard, M.K., Campbell, B.A., Bulmer, M.H., Gaddis, L.R., Farr, T.G., and Plaut, J.J., 2001, The roughness of natural terrain: A planetary and remote sensing perspective: Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets, v. 106, no. E12, p. 32777-32795, https://doi.org/10.1029/2000JE001429.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"32777","endPage":"32795","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478912,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2000je001429","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":233664,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"106","issue":"E12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bafabe4b08c986b324977","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shepard, Michael K.","contributorId":200622,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shepard","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Campbell, Bruce A.","contributorId":39813,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bulmer, Mark H.","contributorId":213328,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bulmer","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gaddis, Lisa R. 0000-0001-9953-5483 lgaddis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9953-5483","contributorId":2817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaddis","given":"Lisa","email":"lgaddis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":396466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Farr, Tom G.","contributorId":213329,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Farr","given":"Tom","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Plaut, Jeffrey J.","contributorId":63516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plaut","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70023255,"text":"70023255 - 2001 - Sources of salinity near a coal mine spoil pile, north-central Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-26T17:25:38.057742","indexId":"70023255","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2262,"text":"Journal of Environmental Quality","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sources of salinity near a coal mine spoil pile, north-central Colorado","docAbstract":"A small (1 km2) salt-affected stream drainage on the High Plains north of Denver, Colorado was sampled to determine the near-surface dispersion of soluble salts and metals from low-sulfur coal mining waste (spoil). Surface waters collected along the 0.8-km stream reach, and aqueous leachates of spoil and naturally saline local soil, were analyzed for chemical constituents and sulfur isotopes. In this semiarid setting with abundant carbonate-bearing surficial sediments, the limited, mildly acidic drainage from the spoil pile is quickly neutralized, restricting the mobility of many elements. However, some spoil-derived constituents were clearly traceable within the upper 0.4 km of the stream reach. Spoil leachates and surface water near the spoil pile have distinctive compositions of major anions and cations, and elevated levels of dissolved nitrate compared with downstream waters. Spoil-derived sulfate was traceable because it has generally positive values of δ34S that contrasted with generally negative values of δ34S in soil leachates and evaporite salts from the surrounding area. Spatial–chemical sampling of surface water showed an abrupt increase in dissolved U, Se, B, Li, and Mn in the lower 0.4 km of the stream reach where shallow ground water from surrounding irrigated fields contributed to surface flow. The downstream evolution of surface water chemistry and sulfur isotopic composition is consistent with mixing between spoil-affected upstream water and irrigation-return water. The methods described should be applicable at other sites in similar settings where the environmental effect of low-sulfur coal mining waste must be assessed and where access to samples of shallow ground water is limited.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2134/jeq2001.3041237x","issn":"00472425","usgsCitation":"Zielinski, R.A., Otton, J.K., and Johnson, C.A., 2001, Sources of salinity near a coal mine spoil pile, north-central Colorado: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 30, no. 4, p. 1237-1248, https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2001.3041237x.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1237","endPage":"1248","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232353,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.4419574723959,\n 40.99614804381659\n ],\n [\n -105.4419574723959,\n 39.9889659446894\n ],\n [\n -104.15599923339506,\n 39.9889659446894\n ],\n [\n -104.15599923339506,\n 40.99614804381659\n ],\n [\n -105.4419574723959,\n 40.99614804381659\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"30","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b938ee4b08c986b31a566","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zielinski, R. A. 0000-0002-4047-5129","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4047-5129","contributorId":106930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zielinski","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":397036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Otton, J. K.","contributorId":52589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Otton","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, C. A. 0000-0002-1334-2996","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1334-2996","contributorId":27492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"C.","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70023149,"text":"70023149 - 2001 - Ancient drainage basin of the Tharsis region, Mars: Potential source for outflow channel systems and putative oceans or paleolakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-02T18:06:44.713397","indexId":"70023149","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2317,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ancient drainage basin of the Tharsis region, Mars: Potential source for outflow channel systems and putative oceans or paleolakes","docAbstract":"Paleotopographic reconstructions based on a synthesis of published geologic information and high-resolution topography, including topographic profiles, reveal the potential existence of an enormous drainage basin/aquifer system in the eastern part of the Tharsis region during the Noachian Period. Large topographic highs formed the margin of the gigantic drainage basin. Subsequently, lavas, sediments, and volatiles partly infilled the basin, resulting in an enormous and productive regional aquifer. The stacked sequences of water-bearing strata were then deformed locally and, in places, exposed by magmatic-driven uplifts, tectonic deformation, and erosion. This basin model provides a potential source of water necessary to carve the large outflow channel systems of the Tharsis and surrounding regions and to contribute to the formation of putative northern-plains ocean(s) and/or paleolakes.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2000JE001468","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Dohm, J.M., Ferris, J., Baker, V., Anderson, R.C., Hare, T., Strom, R., Barlow, N., Tanaka, K.L., Klemaszewski, J., and Scott, D.H., 2001, Ancient drainage basin of the Tharsis region, Mars: Potential source for outflow channel systems and putative oceans or paleolakes: Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets, v. 106, no. E12, p. 32943-32958, https://doi.org/10.1029/2000JE001468.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"32943","endPage":"32958","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":501043,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://stars.library.ucf.edu/facultybib2000/7973","text":"External Repository"},{"id":233737,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Mars, Tharsis Region","volume":"106","issue":"E12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ebf5e4b0c8380cd48fc6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dohm, J. M.","contributorId":102150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dohm","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ferris, J.C.","contributorId":13731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferris","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baker, V.R.","contributorId":47079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"V.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Anderson, R. C.","contributorId":9755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hare, T.M. 0000-0001-8842-389X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8842-389X","contributorId":43828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hare","given":"T.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Strom, R.G.","contributorId":45744,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Strom","given":"R.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Barlow, N.G.","contributorId":107466,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barlow","given":"N.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Tanaka, K. L.","contributorId":31394,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tanaka","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Klemaszewski, J.E.","contributorId":88102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klemaszewski","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Scott, D. H.","contributorId":73565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70023245,"text":"70023245 - 2001 - Inheritance of microsatellite loci in the polyploid lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:04","indexId":"70023245","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1740,"text":"Genome","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Inheritance of microsatellite loci in the polyploid lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens)","docAbstract":"Inheritance in the expression of amplicons for four microsatellite primer pairs was determined using 10 families created from gametes of wild lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens). Loci Afu34 and Afu68 expressed a maximum of two even-intensity bands per individual and had progeny genotype ratios that fit disomic inheritance (P > 0.05). Some variation exhibited at Afu34 and Afu68 was attributable to a null allele. Genotype expression at both loci also indicated that one female parent had transmitted unreduced gametes. Primer Afu39 amplified products that exhibited four gene doses, where genotype counts fit expected ratios for disomic inheritance (P > 0.05) indicating amplification of products from two disomic loci that share alleles. Meiotic drive was evident at the Afu39 loci based on a test for random segregation (P < 0.05). Only the expression of Afu19 gave evidence of tetrasomic inheritance based on a single progeny potentially produced by a double reduction gamete. No evidence for proposed octoploid inheritance was observed.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Genome","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1139/gen-44-2-185","issn":"08312796","usgsCitation":"Pyatskowit, J., Krueger, C., Kincaid, H.L., and May, B., 2001, Inheritance of microsatellite loci in the polyploid lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens): Genome, v. 44, no. 2, p. 185-191, https://doi.org/10.1139/gen-44-2-185.","startPage":"185","endPage":"191","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207348,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/gen-44-2-185"},{"id":232237,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3bd2e4b0c8380cd6284c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pyatskowit, J.D.","contributorId":12657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pyatskowit","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krueger, C.C.","contributorId":97042,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krueger","given":"C.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kincaid, H. L.","contributorId":21891,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kincaid","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"May, B.","contributorId":19112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"May","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70023244,"text":"70023244 - 2001 - Does fluctuating asymmetry of antlers in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) follow patterns predicted for sexually selected traits?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:59","indexId":"70023244","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3174,"text":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Does fluctuating asymmetry of antlers in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) follow patterns predicted for sexually selected traits?","docAbstract":"Secondary sexual characters have been hypothesized to signal male quality and should demonstrate a negative relationship between the size of the trait and degree of fluctuating asymmetry because they are costly to produce. We collected morphometric and antler data from 439 white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in Oklahoma, USA, in order to determine whether measures of antler asymmetry follow the patterns predicted for sexually selected characters. Relative fluctuating asymmetry was negatively related to antler size for all deer and within age groups up to five and a half years of age. We did not detect an association between asymmetry and antler size among deer that were six and a half years or older. When categorizing deer by antler size, we found that deer with small antlers (???33rd percentile) had greater levels of relative asymmetry than deer with large antlers (???67th percentile). The relative asymmetry of antlers was negatively related to age and was greatest in deer that were one and a half years old. Relative asymmetry was also negatively related to carcass mass, inside spread, skull length and body length. These data suggest that asymmetry in the antlers of white-tailed deer may be a reliable signal of quality and, as such, may be important in maintaining honesty in intrasexual advertisements during the breeding season.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1098/rspb.2001.1588","issn":"09628436","usgsCitation":"Ditchkoff, S., Lochmiller, R., Masters, R., Starry, W., and Leslie, D., 2001, Does fluctuating asymmetry of antlers in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) follow patterns predicted for sexually selected traits?: Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, v. 268, no. 1470, p. 891-898, https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2001.1588.","startPage":"891","endPage":"898","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":478969,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2001.1588","text":"External Repository"},{"id":207334,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2001.1588"},{"id":232197,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"268","issue":"1470","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2001-05-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0390e4b0c8380cd5053a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ditchkoff, S.S.","contributorId":100580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ditchkoff","given":"S.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lochmiller, R.L.","contributorId":68061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lochmiller","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Masters, R.E.","contributorId":49146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masters","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Starry, W.R.","contributorId":10581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Starry","given":"W.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Leslie, David M. Jr.","contributorId":52514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leslie","given":"David M.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70023061,"text":"70023061 - 2001 - Strain accumulation and rotation in the Eastern California Shear Zone","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-17T17:11:35.897701","indexId":"70023061","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Strain accumulation and rotation in the Eastern California Shear Zone","docAbstract":"Although the Eastern California Shear Zone (ECSZ) (strike ∼N25°W) does not quite coincide with a small circle drawn about the Pacific-North America pole of rotation, trilateration and GPS measurements demonstrate that the motion within the zone corresponds to right-lateral simple shear across a vertical plane (strike N33°W±5°) roughly parallel to the tangent to that local small circle (strike ∼N40°W). If the simple shear is released by slip on faults subparallel to the shear zone, the accumulated rotation is also released, leaving no secular rotation. South of the Garlock fault the principal faults (e.g., Calico-Blackwater fault) strike ∼N40°W, close enough to the strike of the vertical plane across which maximum right-lateral shear accumulates to almost wholly accommodate that accumulation of both strain and rotation by right-lateral slip. North of the Garlock fault dip slip as well as strike slip on the principal faults (strike ∼N20°W) is required to accommodate the simple shear accumulation. In both cases the accumulated rotation is released with the shear strain. The Garlock fault, which transects the ECSZ, is not offset by north-northwest striking faults nor, despite geological evidence for long-term left-lateral slip, does it appear at the present time to be accumulating left-lateral simple shear strain across the fault due to slip at depth. Rather the motion is explained by right-lateral simple shear across the orthogonal ECSZ. Left-lateral slip on the Garlock fault will release the shear strain accumulating there but would augment the accumulating rotation, resulting in a secular clockwise rotation rate ∼80 nrad yr−1 (4.6° Myr−1).
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2000JB000127","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Savage, J., Gan, W., and Svarc, J.L., 2001, Strain accumulation and rotation in the Eastern California Shear Zone: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 106, no. B10, p. 21995-22007, https://doi.org/10.1029/2000JB000127.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"21995","endPage":"22007","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":478869,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2000jb000127","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":233587,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Eastern California Shear Zone","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.17617731296215,\n 33.90722665078704\n ],\n [\n -115.82534723483732,\n 33.943690904375\n ],\n [\n -115.95718317233727,\n 36.058303559917135\n ],\n [\n -119.22012262546211,\n 38.44529712195299\n ],\n [\n -119.49478082858732,\n 38.290249721167356\n ],\n [\n -119.2530816098371,\n 37.979159501227514\n ],\n [\n -119.08828668796218,\n 37.553603921401375\n ],\n [\n -118.70376520358735,\n 37.46645524726959\n ],\n [\n -118.61587457858705,\n 37.08179391586194\n ],\n [\n -118.44009332858712,\n 37.07302878512587\n ],\n [\n -118.33023004733718,\n 36.668738911783464\n ],\n [\n -118.26431207858721,\n 36.50995680917217\n ],\n [\n -118.14346246921227,\n 36.44812003740685\n ],\n [\n -118.12148981296228,\n 36.24459493263403\n ],\n [\n -117.97866754733735,\n 35.90717243793462\n ],\n [\n -118.00064020358732,\n 35.7200818327625\n ],\n [\n -119.16519098483712,\n 35.74683604455291\n ],\n [\n -119.17617731296215,\n 33.90722665078704\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"106","issue":"B10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2001-10-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9893e4b08c986b31c0a5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Savage, J.C. 0000-0002-5114-7673","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5114-7673","contributorId":102876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savage","given":"J.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gan, Weijun","contributorId":33083,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gan","given":"Weijun","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Svarc, J. L.","contributorId":75995,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Svarc","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70023243,"text":"70023243 - 2001 - Sulfur and lead isotope geochemistry of hypogene mineralization at the Barite Hill Gold Deposit, Carolina Slate Belt, southeastern United States: A window into and through regional metamorphism","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-18T12:46:43","indexId":"70023243","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2746,"text":"Mineralium Deposita","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sulfur and lead isotope geochemistry of hypogene mineralization at the Barite Hill Gold Deposit, Carolina Slate Belt, southeastern United States: A window into and through regional metamorphism","docAbstract":"The Barite Hill gold deposit, at the southwestern end of the Carolina slate belt in the southeastern United States, is one of four gold deposits in the region that have a combined yield of 110 metric tons of gold over the past 10 years. At Barite Hill, production has dominantly come from oxidized ores. Sulfur isotope data from hypogene portions of the Barite Hill gold deposit vary systematically with pyrite–barite associations and provide insights into both the pre-metamorphic Late Proterozoic hydrothermal and the Paleozoic regional metamorphic histories of the deposit. The δ34S values of massive barite cluster tightly between 25.0 and 28.0‰, which closely match the published values for Late Proterozoic seawater and thus support a seafloor hydrothermal origin. The δ34S values of massive sulfide range from 1.0 to 5.3‰ and fall within the range of values observed for modern and ancient seafloor hydrothermal sulfide deposits. In contrast, δ34S values for finer-grained, intergrown pyrite (5.1–6.8‰) and barite (21.0–23.9‰) are higher and lower than their massive counterparts, respectively. Calculated sulfur isotope temperatures for the latter barite–pyrite pairs (Δ=15.9–17.1‰) range from 332–355 °C and probably reflect post-depositional equilibration at greenschist-facies regional metamorphic conditions. Thus, pyrite and barite occurring separately from one another provide pre-metamorphic information about the hydrothermal origin of the deposit, whereas pyrite and barite occurring together equilibrated to record the metamorphic conditions. Preliminary fluid inclusion data from sphalerite are consistent with a modified seawater source for the mineralizing fluids, but data from quartz and barite may reflect later metamorphic and (or) more recent meteoric water input. Lead isotope values from pyrites range for 206Pb/204Pb from 18.005–18.294, for 207Pb/204Pb from 15.567–15.645, and for 208Pb/204Pb from 37.555–38.015. The data indicate derivation of the ore leads from the country rocks, which themselves show evidence for contributions from relatively unradiogenic, mantle-like lead, and more evolved or crustal lead. Geological relationships, and stable and radiogenic isotopic data, suggest that the Barite Hill gold deposit formed on the Late Proterozoic seafloor through exhalative hydrothermal processes similar to those that were responsible for the massive sulfide deposits of the Kuroko district, Japan. On the basis of similarities with other gold-rich massive sulfide deposits and modern seafloor hydrothermal systems, the gold at Barite Hill was probably introduced as an integral part of the formation of the massive sulfide deposit.
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B.","contributorId":88706,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Sandra","email":"","middleInitial":"H. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70023250,"text":"70023250 - 2001 - Adsorption of sulfur dioxide on ammonia-treated activated carbon fibers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:04","indexId":"70023250","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1182,"text":"Carbon","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Adsorption of sulfur dioxide on ammonia-treated activated carbon fibers","docAbstract":"A series of activated carbon fibers (ACFs) and ammonia-treated ACFs prepared from phenolic fiber precursors have been studied to elucidate the role of pore size, pore volume, and pore surface chemistry on adsorption of sulfur dioxide and its catalytic conversion to sulfuric acid. As expected, the incorporation of basic functional groups into the ACFs was shown as an effective method for increasing adsorption of sulfur dioxide. The adsorption capacity for dry SO2 did not follow specific trends; however the adsorption energies calculated from the DR equation were found to increase linearly with nitrogen content for each series of ACFs. Much higher adsorption capacities were achieved for SO2 in the presence of oxygen and water due to its catalytic conversion to H2SO4. The dominant factor for increasing adsorption of SO2 from simulated flue gas for each series of fibers studied was the weight percent of basic nitrogen groups present. In addition, the adsorption energies calculated for dry SO2 were shown to be linearly related to the adsorption capacity of H2SO4 from this flue gas for all fibers. It was shown that optimization of this parameter along with the pore volume results in higher adsorption capacities for removal of SO2 from flue gases. ?? 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Carbon","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0008-6223(00)00300-6","issn":"00086223","usgsCitation":"Mangun, C., DeBarr, J., and Economy, J., 2001, Adsorption of sulfur dioxide on ammonia-treated activated carbon fibers: Carbon, v. 39, no. 11, p. 1689-1696, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-6223(00)00300-6.","startPage":"1689","endPage":"1696","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207374,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0008-6223(00)00300-6"},{"id":232277,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e6fee4b0c8380cd4779f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mangun, C.L.","contributorId":91996,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mangun","given":"C.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeBarr, J.A.","contributorId":20078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeBarr","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Economy, J.","contributorId":40351,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Economy","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}