{"pageNumber":"3124","pageRowStart":"78075","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184858,"records":[{"id":70022774,"text":"70022774 - 2001 - Influences of watershed, riparian-corridor, and reach-scale characteristics on aquatic biota in agricultural watersheds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-21T15:21:08.338381","indexId":"70022774","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influences of watershed, riparian-corridor, and reach-scale characteristics on aquatic biota in agricultural watersheds","docAbstract":"<p><span>Multivariate analyses and correlations revealed strong relations between watershed and riparian-corridor land cover, and reach-scale habitat versus fish and macroinvertebrate assemblages in 38 warmwater streams in eastern Wisconsin. Watersheds were dominated by agricultural use, and ranged in size from 9 to 71 km</span><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;Watershed land cover was summarized from satellite-derived data for the area outside a 30-m buffer. Riparian land cover was interpreted from digital orthophotos within 10-, 10-to 20-, and 20-to 30-m buffers. Reach-scale habitat, fish, and macroinvertebrates were collected in 1998 and biotic indices calculated. Correlations between land cover, habitat, and stream-quality indicators revealed significant relations at the watershed, riparian-corridor, and reach scales. At the watershed scale, fish diversity, intolerant fish and EPT species increased, and Hilsenhoff biotic index (HBI) decreased as percent forest increased. At the riparian-corridor scale, EPT species decreased and HBI increased as riparian vegetation became more fragmented. For the reach, EPT species decreased with embeddedness. Multivariate analyses further indicated that riparian (percent agriculture, grassland, urban and forest, and fragmentation of vegetation), watershed (percent forest) and reach-scale characteristics (embeddedness) were the most important variables influencing fish (IBI, density, diversity, number, and percent tolerant and insectivorous species) and macroinvertebrate (HBI and EPT) communities.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Water Resources Association","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2001.tb03654.x","issn":"1093474X","usgsCitation":"Stewart, J., Wang, L., Lyons, J., Horwatich, J., and Bannerman, R., 2001, Influences of watershed, riparian-corridor, and reach-scale characteristics on aquatic biota in agricultural watersheds: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 37, no. 6, p. 1475-1487, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2001.tb03654.x.","productDescription":"13 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J.","contributorId":13411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyons","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Horwatich, J.A.","contributorId":50591,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horwatich","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bannerman, R.","contributorId":95657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bannerman","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70022795,"text":"70022795 - 2001 - 1857 slip on the San Andreas fault Southeast of Cholame, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:04","indexId":"70022795","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"1857 slip on the San Andreas fault Southeast of Cholame, California","docAbstract":"Sieh and Jahns (1984) forecasted that the next moderate Parkfield earthquake might trigger a major earthquake along a fault segment greater than 30 km long southeast of Cholame. Their forecast assumed (1) the slip was 3-4 m in 1857 and characteristic of the segment; (2) a slip rate of 3.4 cm/yr; and (3) full strain release in earthquakes. This study represents an independent measurement of channel offsets, on 1:2400-scale low-sun aerial photographs and by field investigation, to estimate the amount of 1857 slip. Although rainfall is only moderate (30 cm/yr), few reliable offsets of less than 20 m persist here because cattle grazing and agricultural disking of soft sediments on the steep terrain greatly aggravate erosion. Reconstruction of offset geometry and size depends heavily on assumptions made about the post-1857 erosion. Most of the apparent 3- to 4-m offsets of Sieh and Jahns (1984) can also be measured as 2 to 3 m larger with equal or lower uncertainty. The four offsets judged as most reliable range between 5.4 and 6.7 m, and the 11 offsets of medium-high reliability average 5.8 ?? 0.3 m. Data are too sparse and ambiguous to resolve details of the 1857 slip for this segment but it is distinctly less than the 9 m of the Carrizo Plain and more than the 3-4 m previously estimated. Further trenching may refine some measurements, but probability calculations for a Cholame segment earthquake must allow for large observer-dependent uncertainty in the 1857 slip. Although the probability of an M ???7 Cholame event seems less than that suggested by a 3.5-m characteristic earthquake model, it remains among the highest in the state.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/0120000043","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Lienkaemper, J.J., 2001, 1857 slip on the San Andreas fault Southeast of Cholame, California: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 91, no. 6, p. 1659-1672, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120000043.","startPage":"1659","endPage":"1672","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208080,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120000043"},{"id":233492,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"91","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e229e4b0c8380cd459e7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lienkaemper, J. J.","contributorId":71947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lienkaemper","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70022768,"text":"70022768 - 2001 - Seasonal variation in physiological condition of Amblema plicata in the Upper Mississippi River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:09","indexId":"70022768","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2455,"text":"Journal of Shellfish Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonal variation in physiological condition of Amblema plicata in the Upper Mississippi River","docAbstract":"Measures of physiological condition are being used as sub-lethal endpoints in studies with unionids exposed to a variety of stressors, yet the natural seasonal variation in these measures are largely undocumented. We measured concentrations of glycogen in foot and mantle tissue and a tissue condition index (TCI) in Amblema plicata (Say 1817), about monthly, for 2 years in mussels that were: (1) obtained directly from the Upper Mississippi River (riverine group); and (2) relocated from the river into an artificial pond (relocated group). In both groups, we observed significant seasonal variation in all physiological indicators. Seasonal variation in glycogen was 72% in mantle and 52% in foot tissue and paralleled reproductive activity in this short-term breeder. In the relocated group, most of the variation in glycogen occurred during the first six months after relocation, suggesting that handling stress may have been a contributing factor. The significant seasonal variation in the TCI paralleled glycogen in riverine mussels. We observed tissue-specific differences in glycogen in the riverine group, but not in the relocated group. These data suggest that an interaction of environmental and biological factors influence the energetic status of mussels in natural populations. A better understanding of this variation is needed to interpret changes in physiological condition due to stressors such as relocation.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Shellfish Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"07308000","usgsCitation":"Monroe, E., and Newton, T., 2001, Seasonal variation in physiological condition of Amblema plicata in the Upper Mississippi River: Journal of Shellfish Research, v. 20, no. 3, p. 1167-1171.","startPage":"1167","endPage":"1171","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":233570,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b88ebe4b08c986b316c33","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Monroe, E.M.","contributorId":105822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Monroe","given":"E.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Newton, T.J.","contributorId":104428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newton","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70023051,"text":"70023051 - 2001 - Densities of breeding birds and changes in vegetation in an alaskan boreal forest following a massive disturbance by spruce beetles","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-20T20:19:20","indexId":"70023051","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1176,"text":"Canadian Journal of Zoology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Densities of breeding birds and changes in vegetation in an alaskan boreal forest following a massive disturbance by spruce beetles","docAbstract":"We examined bird and plant communities among forest stands with different levels of spruce mortality following a large outbreak of spruce beetles (Dendroctonus rufipennis (Kirby)) in the Copper River Basin, Alaska. Spruce beetles avoided stands with black spruce (Picea mariana) and selectively killed larger diameter white spruce (Picea glauca), thereby altering forest structure and increasing the dominance of black spruce in the region. Alders (Alnus sp.) and crowberry (Empetrum nigrum) were more abundant in areas with heavy spruce mortality, possibly a response to the death of overstory spruce. Grasses and herbaceous plants did not proliferate as has been recorded following outbreaks in more coastal Alaskan forests. Two species closely tied to coniferous habitats, the tree-nesting Ruby-crowned Kinglet (Regulus calendula) and the red squirrel (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus), a major nest predator, were less abundant in forest stands with high spruce mortality than in low-mortality stands. Understory-nesting birds as a group were more abundant in forest stands with high levels of spruce mortality, although the response of individual bird species to tree mortality was variable. Birds breeding in stands with high spruce mortality likely benefited reproductively from lower squirrel densities and a greater abundance of shrubs to conceal nests from predators.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Zoology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1139/cjz-79-9-1678","issn":"00084301","usgsCitation":"Matsuoka, S.M., Handel, C.M., and Ruthrauff, D.R., 2001, Densities of breeding birds and changes in vegetation in an alaskan boreal forest following a massive disturbance by spruce beetles: Canadian Journal of Zoology, v. 79, no. 9, p. 1678-1690, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjz-79-9-1678.","startPage":"1678","endPage":"1690","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208051,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-79-9-1678"},{"id":233436,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"79","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fe9de4b0c8380cd4ee22","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Matsuoka, Steven M. 0000-0001-6415-1885 smatsuoka@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6415-1885","contributorId":184173,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matsuoka","given":"Steven","email":"smatsuoka@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":395964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Handel, Colleen M. 0000-0002-0267-7408 cmhandel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0267-7408","contributorId":3067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Handel","given":"Colleen","email":"cmhandel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":395962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ruthrauff, Daniel R. 0000-0003-1355-9156 druthrauff@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1355-9156","contributorId":4181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruthrauff","given":"Daniel","email":"druthrauff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":395963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1001780,"text":"1001780 - 2001 - Habitat characteristics and nest success of snowy plovers associated with California least tern colonies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-25T13:51:29.039262","indexId":"1001780","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1318,"text":"Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Habitat characteristics and nest success of snowy plovers associated with California least tern colonies","docAbstract":"<p><span>Nest success of Snowy Plovers (</span><i>Charadrius alexandrinus</i><span>) was estimated at six sites in San Diego County, California, to determine the effects of habitat characteristics and social factors on predation risk. Egg predation was expected to be lower for plovers nesting among Least Terns (</span><i>Sterna antillarum</i><span>) because of benefits associated with nesting under the “protective umbrella” of a colonial species. Snowy Plovers nested adjacent to objects and in areas with more vegetation cover than random sites in beach and fill habitats and in areas with more debris cover in beach and salt pan habitats. Estimated nest success from 1994–1997 was 50%, and most predation was attributed to corvids, primarily Common Ravens (</span><i>Corvus corax</i><span>). Social factors, including distance to nearest Least Tern and Snowy Plover nests, predicted nest success whereas habitat characteristics did not. Nest success was greatest for plovers nesting closest to an active tern nest and nesting at intermediate distances to conspecifics. Nest success also varied among years and sites, with two sites consistently less successful over the four years. Nests within tern colonies received some mitigation of egg predation. Plover nests initiated prior to the arrival of Least Terns were less likely to hatch eggs than later nests; nevertheless, Snowy Plovers in southern California initiated nesting well before Least Terns.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/condor/103.4.785","usgsCitation":"Powell, A., 2001, Habitat characteristics and nest success of snowy plovers associated with California least tern colonies: Condor, v. 103, no. 4, p. 785-792, https://doi.org/10.1093/condor/103.4.785.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"785","endPage":"792","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478838,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/condor/103.4.785","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":129360,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"San Diego County","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -117.3834228515625,\n              32.53986719301091\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.971435546875,\n              32.53986719301091\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.971435546875,\n              33.123750829710225\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.3834228515625,\n              33.123750829710225\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.3834228515625,\n              32.53986719301091\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"103","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db649458","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Powell, Abby N. abby_powell@usgs.gov","contributorId":2534,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Powell","given":"Abby N.","email":"abby_powell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":13117,"text":"Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":311760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70023959,"text":"70023959 - 2001 - Quantifying groundwater discharge through fringing wetlands to estuaries: Seasonal variability, methods comparison, and implications for wetland-estuary exchange","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:19","indexId":"70023959","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2620,"text":"Limnology and Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying groundwater discharge through fringing wetlands to estuaries: Seasonal variability, methods comparison, and implications for wetland-estuary exchange","docAbstract":"Because groundwater discharge along coastal shorelines is often concentrated in zones inhabited by fringing wetlands, accurately estimating discharge is essential for understanding its effect on the function and maintenance of these ecosystems. Most previous estimates of groundwater discharge to coastal wetlands have been temporally limited and have used only a single approach to estimate discharge. Furthermore, groundwater input has not been considered as a major mechanism controlling pore-water flushing. We estimated seasonally varying groundwater discharge into a fringing estuarine wetland using three independent methods (Darcy's Law, salt balance, and Br- tracer). Seasonal patterns of discharge predicted by both Darcy's Law and the salt balance yielded similar seasonal patterns with discharge maxima and minima in spring and early fall, respectively. They differed, however, in the estimated magnitude of discharge by two- to fourfold in spring and by 10-fold in fall. Darcy estimates of mean discharge ranged between -8.0 and 80 L m-2 d-1, whereas the salt balance predicted groundwater discharge of 0.6 to 22 L m-2 d-1. Results from the Br- tracer experiment estimated discharge at 16 L m-2 d-t, or nearly equal to the salt balance estimate at that time. Based upon the tracer test, pore-water conductivity profiles, and error estimates for the Darcy and salt balance approaches, we concluded that the salt balance provided a more certain estimate of groundwater discharge at high flow (spring). In contrast, the Darcy method provided a more reliable estimate during low flow (fall). Groundwater flushing of pore water in the spring exported solutes to the estuary at rates similar to tidally driven surface exchange seen in previous studies. Based on pore-water turnover times, the groundwater-driven flux of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), dissolved organic nitrogen (DON), and NH4+ to the estuary was 11.9, 1.6, and 1.3 g C or g N m-2 wetland for the 90 d encompassing peak spring discharge. Groundwater-induced flushing of the wetland subsurface therefore represents an important mechanism by which narrow fringing marshes may seasonally relieve salt stress and export material to adjacent water masses.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Limnology and Oceanography","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00243590","usgsCitation":"Tobias, C., Harvey, J., and Anderson, I., 2001, Quantifying groundwater discharge through fringing wetlands to estuaries: Seasonal variability, methods comparison, and implications for wetland-estuary exchange: Limnology and Oceanography, v. 46, no. 3, p. 604-615.","startPage":"604","endPage":"615","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231554,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"46","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a91cee4b0c8380cd8048c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tobias, C.R.","contributorId":9442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tobias","given":"C.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harvey, J. W. 0000-0002-2654-9873","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2654-9873","contributorId":39725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvey","given":"J. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anderson, I.C.","contributorId":70463,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"I.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70022796,"text":"70022796 - 2001 - Finding disease-carrying mosquitoes from space","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:04","indexId":"70022796","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1829,"text":"Geotimes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Finding disease-carrying mosquitoes from space","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geotimes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00168556","usgsCitation":"Guptill, S., 2001, Finding disease-carrying mosquitoes from space: Geotimes, v. 46, no. 10, p. 26-27.","startPage":"26","endPage":"27","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":233493,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"46","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a101be4b0c8380cd53b1a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Guptill, S.C.","contributorId":84417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guptill","given":"S.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70022797,"text":"70022797 - 2001 - Observations of Daily Temperature Patterns in the Southern Florida Everglades","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:04","indexId":"70022797","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Observations of Daily Temperature Patterns in the Southern Florida Everglades","docAbstract":"Temperature is an important factor affecting key hydrological and ecological processes within the subtropical wetlands of the Florida Everglades. Comprehensive measurements are being made to quantify the temporal and spatial variability of the water-temperature regime. Data collected in 2000 at a location near the central flow pathway of the ecosystem showed both daily repetitive cycles and dynamic fluctuations in response to meteorological forces. Time-series data collected at spatial intervals throughout the water column, in the air, and in the underlying plant-litter layer revealed the dynamic nature of the temperature structure, e.g., uniformly well-mixed periods, stratified conditions, inversions, changing vertical gradients, and other characteristics important to understanding ecosystem processes.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 2001 Wetlands Engineering and River Restoration Conference","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the 2001 Wetlands Engineering and River Restoration Conference","conferenceDate":"27 August 2001 through 31 August 2001","conferenceLocation":"Reno, NV","language":"English","isbn":"0784405816","usgsCitation":"Schaffranek, R., and Jenter, H., 2001, Observations of Daily Temperature Patterns in the Southern Florida Everglades, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the 2001 Wetlands Engineering and River Restoration Conference, Reno, NV, 27 August 2001 through 31 August 2001, p. 679-682.","startPage":"679","endPage":"682","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":233494,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6a7fe4b0c8380cd741ca","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Hayes D.F.Hayes D.F.","contributorId":128356,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Hayes D.F.Hayes D.F.","id":536485,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Schaffranek, R.W.","contributorId":61468,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaffranek","given":"R.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jenter, H. L.","contributorId":25167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenter","given":"H. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1001868,"text":"1001868 - 2001 - Demographic response of black bears at Cold Lake, Alberta, to the removal of adult males","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-05T10:50:02","indexId":"1001868","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3671,"text":"Ursus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Demographic response of black bears at Cold Lake, Alberta, to the removal of adult males","docAbstract":"<p>Previous reports described an increase in population density following the removal of 23 adult male black bears (Ursus americanus) from a 218-km2 study area near Cold Lake, Alberta (the CLSA). This finding plays a central role in continuing debates over population regulation in bears, but has recently been criticized because density estimates were based on assumptions that were not met. Moreover, subsequent discussion has been predicated on conjecture that human exploitation had minimal influence on population dynamics. Our reanalysis supports previous descriptions of trends in bear density at Cold Lake. However, survival records revealed heavier exploitation than previously suspected. An underlying assumption of previous interpretationsCthat the Cold Lake bear population was naturally regulated near carrying capacityCno longer seems reasonable. Adult males deterred bears in other sex-age groups from using the CLSA; however, we found no evidence that birth or death rates were affected. The observed increase in local density should not be construed as a density-dependent response. Abrupt changes in local density might not have occurred if males had been removed from a larger area encompassing the CLSA.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"International Association for Bear Research and Management","usgsCitation":"Sargeant, G.A., and Ruff, R.L., 2001, Demographic response of black bears at Cold Lake, Alberta, to the removal of adult males: Ursus, v. 12, p. 59-68.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"59","endPage":"68","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133981,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":11103,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.bearbiology.com/index.php?id=ursvol12"}],"volume":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab2e4b07f02db66ed30","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sargeant, Glen A. 0000-0003-3845-8503 gsargeant@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3845-8503","contributorId":1301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sargeant","given":"Glen","email":"gsargeant@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":311989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ruff, Robert L.","contributorId":174747,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ruff","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70022752,"text":"70022752 - 2001 - Ten years after the crime: Lasting effects of damage from a cruise ship anchor on a coral reef in St. John, U.S. Virgin Islands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-21T11:38:55","indexId":"70022752","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1106,"text":"Bulletin of Marine Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ten years after the crime: Lasting effects of damage from a cruise ship anchor on a coral reef in St. John, U.S. Virgin Islands","docAbstract":"<p>In October 1988, a cruise ship dropped its anchor on a coral reef in Virgin Islands National Park, St. John, creating a distinct scar roughly 128 m long and 3 m wide from a depth of 22 m to a depth of 6 m. The anchor pulverized coral colonies and smashed part of the reef framework. In April 1991, nine permanent quadrats (1 m2) were established inside the scar over a depth range of 9 m to 12.5 m. At that time, average coral cover inside the scar was less than 1%. These quadrats were surveyed again in 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995 and 1998. Recruits of 19 coral species have been observed, with Agaricia agaricites and Porites spp. the most abundant. Quadrats surveyed outside the scar in June 1994 over the same depth range had a higher percent coral cover (mean = 7.4%, SD = 4.5) and greater average size (maximum length) of coral colonies than in quadrats inside the damaged area. Although coral recruits settle into the scar in high densities, live coral cover has not increased significantly in the last 10 yrs, reflecting poor survival and growth of newly settled corals. The relatively planar aspect of the scar may increase the vulnerability of the recruits to abrasion and mortality from shifting sediments. Ten years after the anchor damage occurred, live coral cover in the still-visible scar (mean = 2.6%, SD = 2.7) remains well below the cover found in the adjacent, undamaged reef.</p>","language":"English","issn":"00074977","usgsCitation":"Rogers, C., and Garrison, V., 2001, Ten years after the crime: Lasting effects of damage from a cruise ship anchor on a coral reef in St. John, U.S. Virgin Islands: Bulletin of Marine Science, v. 69, no. 2, p. 793-803.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"793","endPage":"803","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":233888,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"69","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba538e4b08c986b3208cc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rogers, C.S. 0000-0001-9056-6961","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9056-6961","contributorId":37274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rogers","given":"C.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garrison, V.H.","contributorId":70731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garrison","given":"V.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1001821,"text":"1001821 - 2001 - Surveys of calling amphibians in North Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-27T13:26:52","indexId":"1001821","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3111,"text":"Prairie Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Surveys of calling amphibians in North Dakota","docAbstract":"Amphibians have received increased attention in recent years from the scientific community and general public alike. Many populations throughout the world have declined, or have been extirpated, often without an apparent cause. Concern about the status of amphibians has translated into a growing interest in systematic and statistically sound monitoring programs. Several extensive efforts to monitor populations of calling amphibians are in place, and more are under development. Necessary for the design of appropriate surveys is an understanding of the behavior, especially vocalization, of the various species, and how it varies by geographic location and environmental conditions. In 1995 we conducted roadside surveys of calling amphibians along 44 routes in North Dakota. We describe results of that survey, with special attention given to variables that influence detectability of calling amphibians. Unlike similar studies, we accounted for the amount of time observers spent listening for amphibians under different conditions. We found that the optimal conditions for a single survey for North Dakota in that year would be in early June, between the hours of 2300 and 0130, with ambient temperatures above 13 deg. C, and with no rain and little or no wind or moonlight. Multiple surveys in a year would yield better results, of course, especially for the wood frog (Rana sylvatica), which is most active earlier in the season. Studies such as ours should be replicated in space and time to ensure a well-designed survey.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Prairie Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Johnson, D.H., and Batie, R., 2001, Surveys of calling amphibians in North Dakota: Prairie Naturalist, v. 33, no. 4, p. 227-247.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"227","endPage":"247","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133957,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db688447","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Douglas H. 0000-0002-7778-6641","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7778-6641","contributorId":70327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Batie, R.D.","contributorId":60175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Batie","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70022764,"text":"70022764 - 2001 - Earthquake stress drop and laboratory-inferred interseismic strength recovery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-17T17:25:28.186289","indexId":"70022764","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Earthquake stress drop and laboratory-inferred interseismic strength recovery","docAbstract":"<p><span>We determine the scaling relationships between earthquake stress drop and recurrence interval&nbsp;</span><i>t</i><sub><i>r</i></sub><span>&nbsp;that are implied by laboratory-measured fault strength. We assume that repeating earthquakes can be simulated by stick-slip sliding using a spring and slider block model. Simulations with static/kinetic strength, time-dependent strength, and rate- and state-variable-dependent strength indicate that the relationship between loading velocity and recurrence interval can be adequately described by the power law&nbsp;</span><i>V</i><sub><i>L</i></sub><span>∝</span><i>t</i><sub><i>r</i></sub><sup><i>n</i></sup><span>&nbsp;where n≈−1. Deviations from n=−1 arise from second order effects on strength, with n&gt;−1 corresponding to apparent time-dependent strengthening and n&lt;−1 corresponding to weakening. Simulations with rate and state-variable equations show that dynamic shear stress drop Δτ</span><sub><i>d</i></sub><span>&nbsp;scales with recurrence as&nbsp;</span><i>d</i><span>Δτ</span><sub><i>d</i></sub><span>/</span><i>d</i><span>ln</span><i>t</i><sub><i>r</i></sub><span>≤σ</span><sub><i>e</i></sub><span>(</span><i>b-a</i><span>), where σ</span><sub><i>e</i></sub><span>&nbsp;is the effective normal stress, μ=τ/σ</span><sub><i>e</i></sub><span>, and (</span><i>a-b</i><span>)=</span><i>d</i><span>μ</span><sub><i>ss</i></sub><span>/</span><i>d</i><span>ln</span><i>V</i><span>&nbsp;is the steady-state slip rate dependence of strength. In addition, accounting for seismic energy radiation, we suggest that the static shear stress drop Δτ</span><sub><i>s</i></sub><span>&nbsp;scales as&nbsp;</span><i>d</i><span>Δτ</span><sub><i>s</i></sub><span>/</span><i>d</i><span>ln</span><i>t</i><sub><i>r</i></sub><span>≤σ</span><sub><i>e</i></sub><span>(1 +ζ)(</span><i>b-a</i><span>), where ζ is the fractional overshoot. The variation of Δτ</span><sub><i>s</i></sub><span>&nbsp;with ln</span><i>t</i><sub><i>r</i></sub><span>&nbsp;for earthquake stress drops is somewhat larger than implied by room temperature laboratory values of ζ and&nbsp;</span><i>b-a</i><span>. However, the uncertainty associated with the seismic data is large and the discrepancy between the seismic observations and the rate of strengthening predicted by room temperature experiments is less than an order of magnitude.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2000JB900242","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Beeler, N., Hickman, S., and Wong, T., 2001, Earthquake stress drop and laboratory-inferred interseismic strength recovery: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 106, no. B12, p. 30701-30713, https://doi.org/10.1029/2000JB900242.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"30701","endPage":"30713","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":489721,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2000jb900242","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":233531,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"106","issue":"B12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2001-12-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0504e4b0c8380cd50c03","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beeler, N.M. 0000-0002-3397-8481","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3397-8481","contributorId":68894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beeler","given":"N.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hickman, S.H. 0000-0003-2075-9615","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2075-9615","contributorId":16027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hickman","given":"S.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wong, T.-F.","contributorId":64852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wong","given":"T.-F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1001770,"text":"1001770 - 2001 - Fuel model selection for BEHAVE in midwestern oak savannas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-22T21:00:05.461597","indexId":"1001770","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2899,"text":"Northern Journal of Applied Forestry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fuel model selection for BEHAVE in midwestern oak savannas","docAbstract":"<p><span>BEHAVE, a fire behavior prediction system, can be a useful tool for managing areas with prescribed fire. However, the proper choice of fuel models can be critical in developing management scenarios. BEHAVE predictions were evaluated using four standardized fuel models that partially described oak savanna fuel conditions: Fuel Model 1 (Short Grass), 2 (Timber and Grass), 3 (Tall Grass), and 9 (Hardwood Litter). Although all four models yielded regressions with R</span><sup>2</sup><span> in excess of 0.8, Fuel Model 2 produced the most reliable fire behavior predictions.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of American Foresters","doi":"10.1093/njaf/18.3.74","usgsCitation":"Grabner, K., Dwyer, J., and Cutter, B., 2001, Fuel model selection for BEHAVE in midwestern oak savannas: Northern Journal of Applied Forestry, v. 18, no. 3, p. 74-80, https://doi.org/10.1093/njaf/18.3.74.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"74","endPage":"80","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478885,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/njaf/18.3.74","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":130264,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","otherGeospatial":"Ha Ha Tonka State Park, Knob Noster State Park, Meramec State Park, Peck Ranch Conservation Area, Taum Sauk State Park, P-Highway, University State Forest","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -90.45495472126584,\n              37.005272913956915\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.44658831615111,\n              36.98331708294337\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.44897871761239,\n              36.9742465204654\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.448381100268,\n              36.96326491562357\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.45734510574793,\n              36.93986404814456\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.45734510574793,\n              36.92553343845276\n            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,{"id":70023593,"text":"70023593 - 2001 - Regional water-quality analysis of 2,4-D and dicamba in river water using gas chromatography-isotope dilution mass spectrometry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-30T06:57:21","indexId":"70023593","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2040,"text":"International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Regional water-quality analysis of 2,4-D and dicamba in river water using gas chromatography-isotope dilution mass spectrometry","docAbstract":"<div class=\"hlFld-Abstract test\"><div class=\"abstractSection abstractInFull\"><p>Gas chromatography with isotope dilution mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used in regional National Water Quality Assessment studies of the herbicides, 2,4-D and dicamba, in river water across the United States. The GC-MS method involved solid-phase extraction, derivatized with deuterated 2,4-D, and analysis by selected ion monitoring. The ELISA method was applied after preconcentration with solid-phase extraction. The ELISA method was unreliable because of interference from humic substances that were also isolated by solid-phase extraction. Therefore, GC-MS was used to analyzed 80 samples from river water from 14 basins. The frequency of detection of dicamba (28%) was higher than that for 2,4-D (16%). Concentrations were higher for dicamba than for 2,4-D, ranging from less than the detection limit (7lt; 0.05 μg/L) to 3.77μg/L, in spite of 5 times more annual use of 2,4-D as compared to dicamba. These results suggest that 2,4-D degrades more rapidly in the environment than dicamba.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/03067310108044398","issn":"03067319","usgsCitation":"Thurman, E., Zimmerman, L., Aga, D., and Gilliom, R.J., 2001, Regional water-quality analysis of 2,4-D and dicamba in river water using gas chromatography-isotope dilution mass spectrometry: International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, v. 79, no. 3, p. 185-198, https://doi.org/10.1080/03067310108044398.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"185","endPage":"198","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":232740,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"79","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a5a1e4b0e8fec6cdbeaf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thurman, E.M.","contributorId":102864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thurman","given":"E.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zimmerman, L.R.","contributorId":28624,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"L.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Aga, D.S.","contributorId":18521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aga","given":"D.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gilliom, R. J.","contributorId":60650,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilliom","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70022798,"text":"70022798 - 2001 - Plant-uptake of uranium: Hydroponic and soil system studies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-17T16:37:32.414473","indexId":"70022798","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2064,"text":"International Journal of Phytoremediation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Plant-uptake of uranium: Hydroponic and soil system studies","docAbstract":"<p>Limited information is available on screening and selection of terrestrial plants for uptake and translocation of uranium from soil. This article evaluates the removal of uranium from water and soil by selected plants, comparing plant performance in hydroponic systems with that in two soil systems (a sandy-loam soil and an organic-rich soil). Plants selected for this study were Sunflower (<i>Helianthus giganteus</i>), Spring Vetch (<i>Vicia sativa</i>), Hairy Vetch (<i>Vicia villosa</i>), Juniper (<i>Juniperus monosperma</i>), Indian Mustard (<i>Brassica juncea</i>), and Bush Bean (<i>Phaseolus nanus</i>).</p><p>Plant performance was evaluated both in terms of the percent uranium extracted from the three systems, as well as the biological absorption coefficient (BAC) that normalized uranium uptake to plant biomass. Study results indicate that uranium extraction efficiency decreased sharply across hydroponic, sandy and organic soil systems, indicating that soil organic matter sequestered uranium, rendering it largely unavailable for plant uptake. These results indicate that site-specific soils must be used to screen plants for uranium extraction capability; plant behavior in hydroponic systems does not correlate well with that in soil systems. One plant species, Juniper, exhibited consistent uranium extraction efficiencies and BACs in both sandy and organic soils, suggesting unique uranium extraction capabilities.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/15226510108500056","issn":"15226514","usgsCitation":"Ramaswami, A., Carr, P., and Burkhardt, M., 2001, Plant-uptake of uranium: Hydroponic and soil system studies: International Journal of Phytoremediation, v. 3, no. 2, p. 189-201, https://doi.org/10.1080/15226510108500056.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"189","endPage":"201","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":233495,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7c05e4b0c8380cd79755","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ramaswami, A.","contributorId":76100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramaswami","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carr, P.","contributorId":7050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carr","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burkhardt, M.","contributorId":107889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burkhardt","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70023770,"text":"70023770 - 2001 - Dieback and episodic mortality of Cercidium microphyllum (foothill paloverde), a dominant Sonoran Desert tree","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-21T17:24:33.523205","indexId":"70023770","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2571,"text":"Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Dieback and episodic mortality of <i>Cercidium microphyllum</i> (foothill paloverde), a dominant Sonoran Desert tree","title":"Dieback and episodic mortality of Cercidium microphyllum (foothill paloverde), a dominant Sonoran Desert tree","docAbstract":"<p>Past and current dieback of <i>Cercidium microphyllum</i>, a dominant, drought-deciduous tree in the Sonoran Desert, was investigated at Tumamoc Hill, Tucson, Arizona, USA. Logistic regression predicted that the odds of a <i>Cercidium</i> plant being alive should decrease with increasing circumference, association with the columnar cactus Carnegiea gigantea, and occurrence on steep slopes. Slope azimuth, parasitization by <i>Phoradendron californicum</i>, and distance to nearest <i>Cercidium</i> within 5 m did not significantly affect the odds of survival. <i>Carnegiea</i> was a source of background mortality rather than a primary cause of dieback. Of the &gt;1,000 living and dead plants sampled, 7.7% had died within the past 5 to 7 years. An additional 12.8% died in the more distant past. Diebacks tended to occur during severe deficits in annual, especially summer, rain. More than half of the dead plants in the sample were <span>≥</span>50 cm in girth. In current and past diebacks on Tumamoc Hill, it seems likely that severe drought interacted with natural senescence of an aging population, weakening large, old trees and hastening their deaths.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Torrey Botanical Society","doi":"10.2307/3088735","issn":"10955674","usgsCitation":"Bowers, J.E., and Turner, R.M., 2001, Dieback and episodic mortality of Cercidium microphyllum (foothill paloverde), a dominant Sonoran Desert tree: Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society, v. 128, no. 2, p. 128-140, https://doi.org/10.2307/3088735.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"128","endPage":"140","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232388,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","city":"Tucson","otherGeospatial":"Sonoran Desert, Tumamoc Hill","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -111.00368537912749,\n              32.208380017906606\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.0024433518667,\n              32.20888645509753\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.00034336310749,\n              32.21268835128669\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.00025566187844,\n              32.219875053383035\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.00188780111421,\n              32.22263964762725\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.00317706648005,\n              32.22300366095389\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.00566798580029,\n              32.22132968298439\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.01004364293162,\n              32.21820338205126\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.01140703618445,\n              32.2136307603687\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.00964324436131,\n              32.21062367232878\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.00368537912749,\n              32.208380017906606\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"128","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a00bae4b0c8380cd4f8a9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bowers, Janice E.","contributorId":18119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowers","given":"Janice","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Turner, R. M.","contributorId":62585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turner","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1001877,"text":"1001877 - 2001 - Measurement of bovine sperm nuclear shape using Fourier harmonic amplitudes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-20T17:32:25.786638","indexId":"1001877","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2157,"text":"Journal of Andrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Measurement of bovine sperm nuclear shape using Fourier harmonic amplitudes","docAbstract":"<p><span>An objective method for measuring bovine sperm nuclear shape was developed. Digital images of bovine sperm stained with propidium iodide were collected and Fourier functions used to describe the perimeters of individual sperm nuclei. Harmonic amplitudes from Fourier functions were first shown to be independent of sperm orientation during digitization. Sperm from 12 different bulls were used, and 6 harmonic amplitudes per sperm were found to adequately describe sperm nuclear shape. Based on harmonic amplitudes 0 to 5, cluster analysis was used to generate 20 different groups. Sperm within groups had similar morphologies and groups were distinguished by statistically unique shape characteristics. Harmonic amplitudes 0 to 5 can be used to distinguish previously reported abnormalities such as tapered, pyriform, macrocephalic, and microcephalic, as well as gradations in between. Furthermore, differences were detected among bull harmonic amplitude centroids (</span><i>P</i><span>&nbsp;&lt; .05), indicating that bulls differ in mean sperm nuclear shape.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/j.1939-4640.2001.tb02218.x","usgsCitation":"Ostermeier, G., Sargeant, G., Yandell, B., Evenson, D., and Parrish, J., 2001, Measurement of bovine sperm nuclear shape using Fourier harmonic amplitudes: Journal of Andrology, v. 22, no. 4, p. 584-594, https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1939-4640.2001.tb02218.x.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"584","endPage":"594","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478884,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1939-4640.2001.tb02218.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":130277,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-01-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b4942","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ostermeier, G.C.","contributorId":86295,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ostermeier","given":"G.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sargeant, G.A.","contributorId":51681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sargeant","given":"G.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yandell, B.S.","contributorId":76267,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yandell","given":"B.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Evenson, D.P.","contributorId":71135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evenson","given":"D.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Parrish, J.J.","contributorId":85541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parrish","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":1001848,"text":"1001848 - 2001 - Statistics for wildlifers: how much and what kind?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-27T14:00:15","indexId":"1001848","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Statistics for wildlifers: how much and what kind?","docAbstract":"Quantitative methods are playing increasingly important roles in wildlife ecology and, ultimately, management. This change poses a challenge for wildlife practitioners and students who are not well-educated in mathematics and statistics. Here we give our opinions on what wildlife biologists should know about statistics, while recognizing that not everyone is inclined mathematically. For those who are, we recommend that they take mathematics coursework at least through calculus and linear algebra. They should take statistics courses that are focused conceptually , stressing the Why rather than the How of doing statistics. For less mathematically oriented wildlifers, introductory classes in statistical techniques will furnish some useful background in basic methods but may provide little appreciation of when the methods are appropriate. These wildlifers will have to rely much more on advice from statisticians. Far more important than knowing how to analyze data is an understanding of how to obtain and recognize good data. Regardless of the statistical education they receive, all wildlife biologists should appreciate the importance of controls, replication, and randomization in studies they conduct. Understanding these concepts requires little mathematical sophistication, but is critical to advancing the science of wildlife ecology.","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","usgsCitation":"Johnson, D.H., Shaffer, T., and Newton, W., 2001, Statistics for wildlifers: how much and what kind?: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 29, no. 4, p. 1055-1060.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1055","endPage":"1060","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129252,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e499be4b07f02db5bb43c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Douglas H. 0000-0002-7778-6641","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7778-6641","contributorId":70327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shaffer, T.L.","contributorId":98245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaffer","given":"T.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Newton, W.E.","contributorId":13567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newton","given":"W.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1001758,"text":"1001758 - 2001 - Habitat fragmentation effects on birds in grasslands: A critique of our knowledge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-27T13:19:14","indexId":"1001758","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1859,"text":"Great Plains Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Habitat fragmentation effects on birds in grasslands: A critique of our knowledge","docAbstract":"Habitat fragmentation exacerbates problems due to habitat loss for grassland and wetland birds. Remaining patches of grassland and wetland may be too small, too isolated, and too influenced by edge effects to maintain viable populations of some breeding birds. Knowledge of the effects of fragmentation on bird populations is critically important for decisions about reserve design, grassland and wetland management, and implementation of cropland set-aside programs that benefit wildlife. In this article I review research that has been conducted on habitat fragmentation, and note common problems in the methodology used. The results of many studies are compromised by use of methods that are now recognized as inappropriate. As expected, some large-bodied birds with large territorial requirements, such as the northern harrier are area-sensitive. In addition, multiple studies have shown that some small species of grassland birds favor patches of habitat far in excess of their territory size. Among these species are the Savannah, grasshopper, and Henslow's sparrows and the bobolink. Single studies or studies that employed less-reliable methods have suggested other species may be area-sensitive as well. The literature on area-sensitivity among wetland birds includes virtually no studies based on solid methodologies. Distinguishing supportable conclusions from those that may be artefactual is important when practical decisions are made.","language":"English","publisher":"University of Nebraska Press","usgsCitation":"Johnson, D.H., 2001, Habitat fragmentation effects on birds in grasslands: A critique of our knowledge: Great Plains Research, v. 11, p. 211-231.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"211","endPage":"231","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134013,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":328547,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/greatplainsresearch/568/"}],"volume":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db649419","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Douglas H. 0000-0002-7778-6641 douglas_h_johnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7778-6641","contributorId":1387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Douglas","email":"douglas_h_johnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":512575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70022997,"text":"70022997 - 2001 - Influence of surface-normal ground acceleration on the initiation of the Jih-Feng-Erh-Shan landslide during the 1999 Chi-Chi, Taiwan, earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:36","indexId":"70022997","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of surface-normal ground acceleration on the initiation of the Jih-Feng-Erh-Shan landslide during the 1999 Chi-Chi, Taiwan, earthquake","docAbstract":"The 1999 Chi-Chi, Taiwan, earthquake triggered numerous landslides throughout a large area in the Central Range, to the east, southeast, and south of the fault rupture. Among them are two large rock avalanches, at Tsaoling and at Jih-Feng-Erh-Shan. At Jih-Feng-Erh-Shan, the entire thickness (30-50 m) of the Miocene Changhukeng Shale over an area of 1 km2 slid down its bedding plane for a distance of about 1 km. Initial movement of the landslide was nearly purely translational. We investigate the effect of surface-normal acceleration on the initiation of the Jih-Feng-Erh-Shan landslide using a block slide model. We show that this acceleration, currently not considered by dynamic slope-stability analysis methods, significantly influences the initiation of the landslide.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/0120000719","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Huang, C., Lee, Y., Liu, H.P., Keefer, D.K., and Jibson, R., 2001, Influence of surface-normal ground acceleration on the initiation of the Jih-Feng-Erh-Shan landslide during the 1999 Chi-Chi, Taiwan, earthquake: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 91, no. 5, p. 953-958, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120000719.","startPage":"953","endPage":"958","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":233690,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":208171,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120000719"}],"volume":"91","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3b83e4b0c8380cd625d6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huang, C.-C.","contributorId":48454,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huang","given":"C.-C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":395752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lee, Y.-H.","contributorId":82514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Y.-H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":395753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Liu, Huaibao P.","contributorId":14581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Huaibao","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":395750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Keefer, D. K.","contributorId":21176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keefer","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":395751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jibson, R.W.","contributorId":8467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jibson","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":395749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70023552,"text":"70023552 - 2001 - Cholinergic and behavioral neurotoxicity of carbaryl and cadmium to larval rainbow trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-04T10:54:14","indexId":"70023552","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1480,"text":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cholinergic and behavioral neurotoxicity of carbaryl and cadmium to larval rainbow trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>)","docAbstract":"<p><span>Pesticides and heavy metals are common environmental contaminants that can cause neurotoxicity to aquatic organisms, impairing reproduction and survival. Neurotoxic effects of cadmium and carbaryl exposures were estimated in larval rainbow trout (RBT; </span><i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i><span>) using changes in physiological endpoints and correlations with behavioral responses. Following exposures, RBT were videotaped to assess swimming speed. Brain tissue was used to measure cholinesterase (ChE) activity, muscarinic cholinergic receptor (MChR) number, and MChR affinity. ChE activity decreased with increasing concentrations of carbaryl but not of cadmium. MChR were not affected by exposure to either carbaryl or cadmium. Swimming speed correlated with ChE activity in carbaryl-exposed RBT, but no correlation occurred in cadmium-exposed fish. Thus, carbaryl exposure resulted in neurotoxicity reflected by changes in physiological and behavioral parameters measured, while cadmium exposure did not. Correlations between behavior and physiology provide a useful assessment of neurotoxicity.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1006/eesa.2000.2032","issn":"01476513","usgsCitation":"Beauvais, S., Jones, S., Parris, J., Brewer, S., and Little, E.E., 2001, Cholinergic and behavioral neurotoxicity of carbaryl and cadmium to larval rainbow trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>): Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, v. 49, no. 1, p. 84-90, https://doi.org/10.1006/eesa.2000.2032.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"84","endPage":"90","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":232655,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":207586,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1006/eesa.2000.2032"}],"volume":"49","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f5d4e4b0c8380cd4c450","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beauvais, S.L.","contributorId":53752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beauvais","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jones, S.B.","contributorId":27005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"S.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Parris, J.T.","contributorId":17946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parris","given":"J.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brewer, S.K.","contributorId":34284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brewer","given":"S.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Little, E. E.","contributorId":13187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Little","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":398010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70022757,"text":"70022757 - 2001 - Relation between fish communities and riparian zone conditions at two spatial scales","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-12T13:06:26","indexId":"70022757","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relation between fish communities and riparian zone conditions at two spatial scales","docAbstract":"<p><strong>&nbsp;</strong><span>The relation offish community composition to riparian cover at two spatial scales was compared at 18 streams in the agricultural Minnesota River Basin. The two spatial scales were: (1) local riparian zone (a 200 meter wide buffer extending 2 to 3 kilometers upstream of the sampling reach); and (2) the upstream riparian zone (a 200 m wide buffer on the mainstem and all perennial tributaries upstream of the sampling reach). Analysis of variance indicated that streams with wooded-local riparian zones had greater fish species richness (means = 20 and 15, respectively) and Index of Biotic Integrity (IBI) scores (means = 40 and 26, respectively) than streams with open-local riparian zones. Streams with wooded-upstream riparian zones tended (were not statistically significant) to have greater numbers of species (means = 19 and 15, respectively) and IBI scores (means = 33 and 28, respectively) than streams with open-upstream riparian zones. There was no significant interaction between the riparian zone conditions at the two scales. This study suggests that maintenance of wooded riparian cover along streams could be effective in maintaining or improving fish community composition in streams draining heavily agricultural areas.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Water Resources Association","publisherLocation":"Herndon, Va","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2001.tb03653.x","issn":"1093474X","usgsCitation":"Lee, K.E., Goldstein, R.M., and Hanson, P.E., 2001, Relation between fish communities and riparian zone conditions at two spatial scales: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 37, no. 6, p. 1465-1473, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2001.tb03653.x.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1465","endPage":"1473","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":233417,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"37","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a638e4b0e8fec6cdc123","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, K. E.","contributorId":100014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goldstein, R. M.","contributorId":98305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldstein","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hanson, P. E.","contributorId":58683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanson","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70043990,"text":"70043990 - 2001 - New Publications of the U.S. Geological Survey, July-September 2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-23T11:16:35","indexId":"70043990","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":378,"text":"Publications of the US Geological Survey","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"New Publications of the U.S. Geological Survey, July-September 2001","docAbstract":"A list of USGS publications and articles by U.S. Geological Survey personnel in non-U.S. Geological Survey journals and books that were published in July to September of the year 2001.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/70043990","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2001, New Publications of the U.S. Geological Survey, July-September 2001: Publications of the US Geological Survey, iii, 68 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70043990.","productDescription":"iii, 68 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":272697,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70043990/report.pdf"},{"id":268207,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70043990/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"512c9618e4b0855fde6697e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70022733,"text":"70022733 - 2001 - Geologic history of the polar regions of Mars based on Mars Global surveyor data. II. Amazonian period","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:09","indexId":"70022733","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geologic history of the polar regions of Mars based on Mars Global surveyor data. II. Amazonian period","docAbstract":"Based on Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (MOLA) and Mars Orbiter Camera (MOC) observations of Amazonian polar layered deposits' (PLD) morphology, composition, and thickness, we conclude that the PLDs are composed of porous unconsolidated layers that have not experienced significant basal melting or other glacial-type processes. Morphologic features and associations within the PLD chasmata, including preserved craters and sinuous ridges, indicate that the dominant process of chasmata formation is wind scouring. Our detailed analysis of south polar spiral-trough topography, in conjunction with the identification of similar layered stratigraphy within north polar spiral troughs, suggests that trough migration due to preferential ablation of Sun-facing slopes cannot be demonstrated. Within the layered sequences, we have not identified widespread unconformities, discontinuities, or pinch-outs that would indicate an accublation origin of the PLDs. We therefore postulate that the well-defined PLDs at both poles eventually reached and maintained their present form following deposition without extensive deformation or redeposition. Large, cuspate ridges in the Ultimi lobe of Planum Australe appear to be layered and may be unusual erosional remnants of a once thicker PLD in this area. Beneath the north polar layered deposits in Planum Boreum, we have identified a platform of older, highly degraded polar deposits as much as a kilometer thick that may have once covered an area larger than Planum Boreum. ?? 2001 Elsevier Science.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Icarus","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1006/icar.2001.6676","issn":"00191035","usgsCitation":"Kolb, E., and Tanaka, K.L., 2001, Geologic history of the polar regions of Mars based on Mars Global surveyor data. II. Amazonian period: Icarus, v. 154, no. 1, p. 22-39, https://doi.org/10.1006/icar.2001.6676.","startPage":"22","endPage":"39","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208114,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1006/icar.2001.6676"},{"id":233567,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"154","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a197ee4b0c8380cd559ec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kolb, E.J.","contributorId":16555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolb","given":"E.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tanaka, K. L.","contributorId":31394,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tanaka","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70022824,"text":"70022824 - 2001 - Evidence and characteristics of hydrolytic disproportionation of organic matter during metasomatic processes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:06","indexId":"70022824","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence and characteristics of hydrolytic disproportionation of organic matter during metasomatic processes","docAbstract":"Petroleum-geochemical analyses of carbonaceous regionally metamorphosed rocks, carbonaceous rocks from ore deposits, and alkalic plutonic rocks from diverse settings, demonstrated the presence of very low to moderately low concentrations of solvent-extractable organic matter, this observation in spite of the fact that some of these rocks were exposed to extremely high metamorphic temperatures. Biomarker and ??13C analyses established that the extractable organic matter originated as sedimentary-derived hydrocarbons. However, the chemistry of the extractable bitumen has been fundamentally transformed from that found in sediment bitumen and oils. Asphaltenes and resins, as defined in the normal petroleum-geochemical sense, are completely missing. The principal aromatic hydrocarbons present in oils and sediment bitumens (especially the methylated naphthalenes) are either in highly reduced concentrations or are missing altogether, Instead, aromatic hydrocarbons typical of sediment bitumens and oils are very minor, and a number of unidentified compounds and oxygen-bearing compounds are dominant. Relatively high concentrations of alkylated benzenes are typical. The polar \"resin\" fraction, eluted during column chromatography, is the principal compound group, by weight, being composed of six to eight dominant peaks present in all samples, despite the great geologic diversity of the samples. These, and other, observations suggest that a strong drive towards equilibrium exists in the \"bitumen.\" Gas chromatograms of the saturated hydrocarbons commonly have a pronounced hump in both the n-paraffins and naphthenes, centered near the C19 to C26 carbon numbers, and a ubiquitos minimum in the n-paraffin distribution near n-C12 to n-C14. Multiple considerations dictate that the bitumen in the samples is indigenous and did not originate from either surficial field contamination or from laboratory procedures. Our observations are consistent with the hydrolytic disproportion of organic matter (HDOM), in which water and organic matter, including hydrocarbons, easily exchange hydrogen or oxygen with one another under certain conditions (Helgeson et al., 1993). The process appears to take place via well-known organic-chemical redox reaction pathways and is most evident in open-fluid systems. The conclusion that HDOM took place in the analyzed samples, thus producing the chemistry of the extractable bitumen, is supported by numerous previously published organic-geochemical studies of metamorphic, volcanic, plutonic, and ore-deposit-related rocks by other investigators. HDOM is suggested as an unrecognized geologic agent of fundamental importance. The process appears to control major chemical reactions in diverse geologic environments including, but not limited to, petroleum geology and geochemistry, regional metamorphism, and base- and precious-metal ore deposition. Copyright ?? 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0016-7037(01)00762-1","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Price, L., and Dewitt, E., 2001, Evidence and characteristics of hydrolytic disproportionation of organic matter during metasomatic processes: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 65, no. 21, p. 3791-3826, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(01)00762-1.","startPage":"3791","endPage":"3826","numberOfPages":"36","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208009,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(01)00762-1"},{"id":233354,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"65","issue":"21","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0d27e4b0c8380cd52e40","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Price, L.C.","contributorId":48575,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Price","given":"L.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":395030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dewitt, E.","contributorId":108257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dewitt","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":395031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
]}