{"pageNumber":"313","pageRowStart":"7800","pageSize":"25","recordCount":10961,"records":[{"id":70016801,"text":"70016801 - 1992 - Geologic implications of earthquake source parameters in central and eastern North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-29T16:53:54.330313","indexId":"70016801","displayToPublicDate":"1992-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geologic implications of earthquake source parameters in central and eastern North America","docAbstract":"<p><span>The relations between geology and earthquakes remain mostly enigmatic in North America east of the Rocky Mountains. Hypocentral depths and the dips of rupture zones (preferred nodal planes) are among the seismological variables most likely associated with geologic structure in the stable continental region (SCR) of central and eastern North America (CENA). We compiled well-constrained depths and dips for 20 SCR shocks in CENA with magnitudes&nbsp;</span><strong>(M)</strong><span>&nbsp;between 4.9 and 6.8. The appendix lists the values we chose, our reasons for selecting specific values, and the uncertainties associated with each value. The median depth is 10 km, but an aseismic interval from about 15 to 25 km depth separates three midcrustal hypocenters from the others. The median dip of preferred nodal planes is 54°, and the larger earthquakes tend to rupture along shallower dips.</span></p><p><span>These results combined with geologic evidence lead to four inferences about SCR earthquakes with&nbsp;<strong>M</strong>≥ 4.9 in CENA. (1) If rupture generally progresses updip, then the tendency for large earthquakes to rupture more shallowly-dipping surfaces than small earthquakes can explain the scarcity of surface ruptures in CENA. (2) The few midcrustal earthquakes might be evidence that mafic or granulite facies rocks are present. (3) CENA seismicity is concentrated in Late Proterozoic and Phanerozoic orogens and extended terranes that rim an older, stable, central craton. Unusually shallow large CENA earthquakes have been observed only in the central craton, where they might cause severe but localized shaking. (4) Earthquakes in the Appalachian orogen tend to be shallower than those of comparable size in the Late Proterozoic rifted continental margin that underlies and borders the northwest side of the orogen. As a result, some Appalachian earthquakes could cause more localized shaking than comparable shocks in the rifted margin.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"GeoScienceWorld","doi":"10.1785/gssrl.63.4.491","issn":"08950695","usgsCitation":"Wheeler, R.L., and Johnston, A.C., 1992, Geologic implications of earthquake source parameters in central and eastern North America: Seismological Research Letters, v. 63, no. 4, p. 491-514, https://doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.63.4.491.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"491","endPage":"514","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224560,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","otherGeospatial":"eastern North America","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -98.87845690846513,\n              27.2189375296481\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.70241480266644,\n              24.59677320228481\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.37941551202118,\n              29.294020120121743\n            ],\n            [\n              -58.98394270839073,\n              46.79924420551643\n            ],\n            [\n              -63.54301504122161,\n              48.16421851147584\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.09338175945517,\n              45.50996289514734\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.4973905072629,\n              38.74095872321604\n            ],\n            [\n              -99.05270220712828,\n              31.694486578592894\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.87845690846513,\n              27.2189375296481\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"63","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1992-10-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1981e4b0c8380cd559f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wheeler, R. L.","contributorId":34916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wheeler","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnston, A. C.","contributorId":85574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnston","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5222878,"text":"5222878 - 1992 - Annual survival rates of adult and immature eastern population tundra swans","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-12-02T17:39:00.786106","indexId":"5222878","displayToPublicDate":"1992-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Annual survival rates of adult and immature eastern population tundra swans","docAbstract":"<p>Tundra swans (<i>Cygnus columbianus)</i> of the eastern population were neckbanded in Maryland, North Carolina, and Alaska from 1966 through 1990. These swans were resighted and recaptured during autumn, winter, and spring, 1966-1990. Although the original motivation for this study involved swan movements, we wanted to use the resulting data to test hypotheses about sources of variation in swan survival rates. Recaptures of legbanded and neckbanded swans permitted us to estimate neckband loss rates, which were found to vary with age and sex of swans, and number of years since initial application. Estimates of annual neckband retention rate ranged from about 0.50 for adult male swans <span>≥</span>&nbsp;2 years after initial neckbanding to &gt; 0.96 for immature swans and adult females the first year following neckbanding. This variation in neckband loss rates prevented the simple correction of survival estimates to account for such loss. Consequently, we developed a series of multinomial models parameterized with survival, sighting, and neckband retention probabilities for use with the recapture and resighting data.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3808863","usgsCitation":"Nichols, J., Bart, J., Limpert, R.J., Sladen, W.J., and Hines, J., 1992, Annual survival rates of adult and immature eastern population tundra swans: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 56, no. 3, p. 485-494, https://doi.org/10.2307/3808863.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"485","endPage":"494","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196253,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska, Maryland, North 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 \"}}]}","volume":"56","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67bb5c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nichols, James D. jnichols@usgs.gov","contributorId":139087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"James D.","email":"jnichols@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":337369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bart, J.","contributorId":76272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bart","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Limpert, Roland J.","contributorId":30314,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Limpert","given":"Roland","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sladen, William J.L.","contributorId":85676,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sladen","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"J.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hines, James E. jhines@usgs.gov","contributorId":3506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"James E.","email":"jhines@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":337371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":5222950,"text":"5222950 - 1992 - Band reporting rates of mallards in the Mississippi alluvial valley","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-12-04T16:08:22.878072","indexId":"5222950","displayToPublicDate":"1992-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Band reporting rates of mallards in the Mississippi alluvial valley","docAbstract":"<p>We captured 2,182 mallards (<i>Anas platyrhynchos</i>) in eastcentral Arkansas and marked 730 with standard bands, 728 with 10 reward bands, and 724 with 'dummy' radio transmitters during November 1986-89 to estimate band reporting rates in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley (MAV). Assuming all transmitters were reported, reporting rates were 0.16 (SE=0.049) for standard bands and 0.34 (SE=0.081) for 10 reward bands. Interviews with hunters indicated that flock size distributions differed (<i>P</i>=0.03) between mallards wearing transmitters and those wearing bands (standard or reward). Mallards wearing transmitters were more likely to be alone and less likely to be in large flocks when recovered than were mallards wearing bands. These results suggest that either band reporting rates of mallards in the MAV are substantially less than those of midcontinent mallards (<i>P</i>=0.03), or marking mallards with external transmitters increases susceptibility to hunting mortality.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3808868","usgsCitation":"Reinecke, K.J., Shaiffer, C.W., and Delnicki, D., 1992, Band reporting rates of mallards in the Mississippi alluvial valley: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 56, no. 3, p. 526-531, https://doi.org/10.2307/3808868.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"526","endPage":"531","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197885,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas","otherGeospatial":"White River National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -91.23373158070248,\n              34.34798972102975\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.23373158070248,\n              34.0011936041697\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.02690092078998,\n              34.0011936041697\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.02690092078998,\n              34.34798972102975\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.23373158070248,\n              34.34798972102975\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"56","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a0bf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reinecke, Kenneth J.","contributorId":87275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reinecke","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shaiffer, Charles W.","contributorId":16148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaiffer","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Delnicki, Don","contributorId":23651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Delnicki","given":"Don","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70185469,"text":"70185469 - 1992 - Reply to Dr. Stoesselfs comment on “Reaction paths and equilibrium end-points in solid-solution aqueous-solution systems”","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-15T06:28:48","indexId":"70185469","displayToPublicDate":"1992-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reply to Dr. Stoesselfs comment on “Reaction paths and equilibrium end-points in solid-solution aqueous-solution systems”","docAbstract":"<p><span>In reply to the Critical Comment of R. K. Stoessell (this issue), limiting activity coefficients of bromide in halite (</span><i>γ</i><sub><i>NaBr</i></sub><span>) have been calculated by least-squares fitting of </span><span class=\"small-caps\">Simons</span><span> et al.'s (1952) bromide distribution coefficient data for the Na(Cl,Br)-NaOH-H</span><sub>2</sub><span>O system at 35°C. Regular and subregular solidsolution model fits give </span><i>γ</i><sub><i>NaBr</i></sub><span> = 7.4 and </span><i>γ</i><sub><i>NaBr</i></sub><span> = 8.8, respectively. The Br contents of halite at equilibrium with seawater at initial halite saturation, calculated from the regular and subregular fits, are 17 ppm and 14 ppm, respectively. A survey of literature data for trace bromide in halite shows a wide spread in distribution coefficients, with lower values (</span><i>D</i><sub><i>Br</i></sub><span>≈ 0.01) reported by </span><span class=\"small-caps\">Bloch</span><span> and </span><span class=\"small-caps\">Schnerb</span><span> (1953), </span><span class=\"small-caps\">Puchelt</span><span> et al. (1972), and </span><span class=\"small-caps\">Lutz</span><span> (1975), and higher values (</span><i>D</i><sub><i>Br</i></sub><span>− ≈ 0.03) reported by </span><span class=\"small-caps\">Braitsch</span><span> and </span><span class=\"small-caps\">Herrmann</span><span> (1963), </span><span class=\"small-caps\">Kühn</span><span> (1968), </span><span class=\"small-caps\">Herrmann</span><span> (1972), </span><span class=\"small-caps\">Herrmann</span><span> (1980), </span><span class=\"small-caps\">Mccaffrey</span><span> et al. (1987), </span><span class=\"small-caps\">valiashko</span><span> et al. (1976), </span><span class=\"small-caps\">Valiashko</span><span> and </span><span class=\"small-caps\">Lavrova</span><span> (1976), and Fontes (pers. commun., 1990). The measurement of stoichiometric saturation states for halite (or sylvite) with trace bromide mole-fractions is not practical, given the insensitivity of the measured solubilities on the bromide mole-fractions. Distribution coefficient measurements, with proof of thermodynamic equilibrium, need to be obtained instead, to conclusively determine the thermodynamic-mixing properties of both Na(Cl,Br) and K(Cl,Br) solidsolution series at very low mole-fractions of bromide. The applicability of the stoichiometric saturation concept to the interpretation of precipitation processes is questionable, primarily because the concept requires solid-solutions to behave as one-component solids with fixed composition. Lippmann diagrams are useful in depicting stoichiometric saturation, endmember saturation, and thermodynamic equilibrium states in binary-solid-solution aqueous-solution systems. Lippmann diagrams can contribute a better understanding of these systems, regardless of the concentration of the endmember components.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7037(92)90210-A","usgsCitation":"Glynn, P.D., Reardon, E.J., Plummer, N., and Busenberg, E., 1992, Reply to Dr. Stoesselfs comment on “Reaction paths and equilibrium end-points in solid-solution aqueous-solution systems”: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 56, no. 6, p. 2559-2572, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(92)90210-A.","productDescription":"14 p. ","startPage":"2559","endPage":"2572","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338059,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"56","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d38d60e4b0236b68f98f62","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Glynn, Pierre D. 0000-0001-8804-7003 pglynn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8804-7003","contributorId":2141,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glynn","given":"Pierre","email":"pglynn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":685662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reardon, Eric J.","contributorId":189679,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reardon","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Plummer, Niel 0000-0002-4020-1013 nplummer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4020-1013","contributorId":190100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plummer","given":"Niel","email":"nplummer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":685664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Busenberg, Eurybiades ebusenbe@usgs.gov","contributorId":2271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Busenberg","given":"Eurybiades","email":"ebusenbe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":685665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70209224,"text":"70209224 - 1992 - Seismicity and geometry of a 110‐km‐long blind thrust fault 1. The 1985 Kettleman Hills, California, earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-24T14:39:52","indexId":"70209224","displayToPublicDate":"1992-04-24T14:36:09","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seismicity and geometry of a 110‐km‐long blind thrust fault 1. The 1985 Kettleman Hills, California, earthquake","docAbstract":"<div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p>The August 4, 1985, Kettleman Hills earthquake was the third in a sequence of moderate shocks to occur beneath the northern half of a 110‐km‐long fold chain bounding the eastern California Coast Ranges. The 1982<span>&nbsp;</span><i>M<sub>W</sub></i><span>&nbsp;</span>=5.4 New Idria, 1983<span>&nbsp;</span><i>M<sub>W</sub></i>=6.5 Coalinga, and 1985<span>&nbsp;</span><i>M<sub>W</sub></i>=6.1 Kettleman Hills events define a southward progression of seismic activity beneath the fold. We use teleseismic waveforms, geodetic modeling, hypocenters relocated in a three‐dimensional velocity model, and subsurface structural data to investigate the Kettleman Hills earthquake. The main shock results from motion on a shallowly dipping thrust fault buried at ∼10 km depth. Aftershocks and coseismic fault slip extend 20 km along the fold axis, nearly the full extent of the Kettleman Hills North Dome anticline. Aftershocks occur primarily several kilometers in front of the fault tip and in the core of the anticline. The main shock and several foreshocks occurred at a 2‐km right step in the Quaternary fold axis, which also corresponds to the southern end of the 1983 Coalinga and northern end of the 1985 Kettleman Hills aftershock zones. From this we infer that the step in the fold is caused by an offset or tear in the underlying fault. The scalar seismic moment is 1.6 × 10<sup>18</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>N m, consistent with the geodetic deformation, and the duration of rupture is 16 s, 3–4 times greater than for the average earthquake with this scalar moment. The slow rate of moment release provides an explanation for the low level of ground shaking and low local magnitude reported for the event. The peak of the geodetic uplift is located 5 km perpendicular to the Quaternary fold axis. We argue that the fault is propagating northeast into the undeformed San Joaquin Valley sediments and that the overlying fold is growing at about 0.5 mm/yr.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/91JB02925","usgsCitation":"Ekstrand, E., Stein, R., Eaton, J.P., and Eberhart-Phillips, D., 1992, Seismicity and geometry of a 110‐km‐long blind thrust fault 1. The 1985 Kettleman Hills, California, earthquake: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 97, no. B4, p. 4843-4864, https://doi.org/10.1029/91JB02925.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"4843","endPage":"4864","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":373486,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Kettleman Hills","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.2119140625,\n              34.92197103616377\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.68505859375,\n              34.92197103616377\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.68505859375,\n              36.79169061907076\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.2119140625,\n              36.79169061907076\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.2119140625,\n              34.92197103616377\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"97","issue":"B4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ekstrand, E.","contributorId":21883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ekstrand","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stein, Ross 0000-0001-7586-3933 rstein@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7586-3933","contributorId":206056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stein","given":"Ross","email":"rstein@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":785454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eaton, J. P.","contributorId":105313,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eaton","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Eberhart-Phillips, D.","contributorId":80428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eberhart-Phillips","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70210202,"text":"70210202 - 1992 - Thin, low‐velocity crust beneath the southern Yukon‐Tanana Terrane, east central Alaska: Results from Trans‐Alaska crustal transect refraction/wide‐angle reflection data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-16T17:40:05.764858","indexId":"70210202","displayToPublicDate":"1992-02-10T08:41:13","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Thin, low‐velocity crust beneath the southern Yukon‐Tanana Terrane, east central Alaska: Results from Trans‐Alaska crustal transect refraction/wide‐angle reflection data","docAbstract":"<div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p><span>A seismic refraction/wide‐angle reflection survey for the Trans‐Alaska Crustal Transect program reveals a thin, reflective crust beneath the southern Yukon‐Tanana terrane (YTT) in east central Alaska. These data are the first detailed refraction survey of the southern YTT and compose a 130‐km‐long reversed profile along the Alaska and Richardson highways. Results from this study indicate that low‐velocity (≤ 6.4 km/s) rocks extend to approximately 27 km in depth. Based on these low velocities and an average Poisson's ratio of 0.23 determined for depths of ≤27 km, an overall silicic composition is interpreted for this portion of the crust beneath the Yukon‐Tanana terrane. From approximately 8 to 27 km depth the crust exhibits an increase in reflectivity. This middle to lower crustal reflectivity is modeled as alternating high‐ and low‐velocity lamellae with an average velocity of 6.1 km/s at 10 km depth to an average velocity of 6.4 km/s at 27 km depth. Beneath these reflective, low‐velocity rocks a 3‐ to 5‐km‐thick, 7.0 km/s basal crustal layer produces a prominent reflection that extends to offsets of up to 280 km. The crust‐mantle boundary, modeled at an average depth of 30 km, produces a variable&nbsp;</span><i>PmP</i><span>&nbsp;reflection, which may indicate lateral heterogeneity of this boundary, and a weak and emergent&nbsp;</span><i>Pn</i><span>&nbsp;refraction with a velocity of 8.2 km/s. We interpret the crustal section as follows: the low‐velocity rocks of the southern YTT extend from the surface to depths of approximately 10 km; underthrust Mesozoic flysch of the Kahiltna terrane, rocks of the Gravina arc, and basement of the Wrangellia(?) terrane extend from 10 to 27 km depth; a 3‐ to 5‐km‐thick layer of mantle‐derived mafic rocks, relic oceanic crust, or Wrangellia(?) terrane lower crust extends from 27 to approximately 30 km depth; a tectonically young Moho beneath the southern YTT is found at an average depth of 30 km; and it is underlain by a mantle that may be relatively cool and/or olivine rich. In this interpretation, the Yukon‐Tanana terrane is a thin‐skinned terrane. Our results indicate that tectonic, and possibly magmatic, underplating has played a significant role in crustal growth for central Alaska.</span></p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/91JB02881","usgsCitation":"Beaudoin, B.C., Fuis, G.S., Mooney, W.D., Nokleberg, W.J., and Christensen, N.I., 1992, Thin, low‐velocity crust beneath the southern Yukon‐Tanana Terrane, east central Alaska: Results from Trans‐Alaska crustal transect refraction/wide‐angle reflection data: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 97, no. B2, p. 1921-1942, https://doi.org/10.1029/91JB02881.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"1921","endPage":"1942","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":374956,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -151.259765625,\n              62.062733258846514\n            ],\n            [\n              -141.064453125,\n              62.062733258846514\n            ],\n            [\n              -141.064453125,\n              67.97463396204759\n            ],\n            [\n              -151.259765625,\n              67.97463396204759\n            ],\n            [\n              -151.259765625,\n              62.062733258846514\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"97","issue":"B2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beaudoin, Bruce C.","contributorId":58140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beaudoin","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":789521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fuis, Gary S. 0000-0002-3078-1544 fuis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3078-1544","contributorId":2639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuis","given":"Gary","email":"fuis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":789522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mooney, Walter D. 0000-0002-5310-3631 mooney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5310-3631","contributorId":3194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mooney","given":"Walter","email":"mooney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":789523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nokleberg, Warren J. 0000-0002-1574-8869 wnokleberg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1574-8869","contributorId":2077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nokleberg","given":"Warren","email":"wnokleberg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":789524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Christensen, Nikolas I.","contributorId":95927,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Christensen","given":"Nikolas","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":7001,"text":"Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Purdue University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":789525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70207806,"text":"70207806 - 1992 - Allochthonous impact-shocked rocks and superimposed deformations at the Beaverhead site in southwest Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-24T15:05:10.62549","indexId":"70207806","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-14T12:31:10","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1727,"text":"GSA Special Papers","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Allochthonous impact-shocked rocks and superimposed deformations at the Beaverhead site in southwest Montana","docAbstract":"<p>Upward-pointing shatter cones in sandstones of uncertain age (Middle Proterozoic? to Lower Cambrian?) and older crystalline basement rocks are exposed over an area of approximately 25 × 8 km in southwestern Montana. These shatter cones, together with pseudotachylites and breccias of various types (particularly in basement gneisses), are inferred to be products of a meteorite or cometary impact. However, Late Cretaceous contraction and Tertiary extension have contributed to the structural complexity of the area, and distinguishing unequivocally the shock brecciation from that due to younger tectonism is difficult. Stratigraphic constraints suggest the structure is Late Proterozoic or Cambrian in age.</p><p>The shocked rocks are present in the Cabin thrust plate—one of many in the Late Cretaceous Cordilleran Thrust belt—and hence are allochthonous, having been transported tens of kilometers from the west. They are considered to represent only a piece from the central uplift of an original complex crater at least 75 km in diameter. It is speculated that some of the considerable uplift and erosion inferred to have taken place in Late Proterozoic to early Paleozoic time in east-central Idaho (The Lemhi arch) may be related to the postulated impact event. Furthermore, quasi-circular magnetic and regional gravity anomalies (50 to 75 km diameter) centered south-southeast of Challis, Idaho, may mark the concealed scar of the original impact structure.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"GSA","doi":"10.1130/SPE293-p225","usgsCitation":"Hargraves, R., Kellogg, K.S., Fiske, P., and Hougen, S., 1992, Allochthonous impact-shocked rocks and superimposed deformations at the Beaverhead site in southwest Montana: GSA Special Papers, v. 293, p. 225-235, https://doi.org/10.1130/SPE293-p225.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"225","endPage":"235","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":371218,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Montana","otherGeospatial":"Northern and central Beaverhead and Tendoy Mountains, southwestern Montana and eastern Idaho","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -113.466796875,\n              43.8186748554532\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.9404296875,\n              43.8186748554532\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.9404296875,\n              47.368594345213374\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.466796875,\n              47.368594345213374\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.466796875,\n              43.8186748554532\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"293","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1992-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hargraves, R.B.","contributorId":84077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hargraves","given":"R.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kellogg, Karl S. 0000-0002-6536-9066 kkellogg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6536-9066","contributorId":1206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kellogg","given":"Karl","email":"kkellogg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fiske, P.S.","contributorId":221653,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fiske","given":"P.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hougen, S.B.","contributorId":221654,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hougen","given":"S.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70207643,"text":"70207643 - 1992 - Alleghanian development of the Goat Rock fault zone, southernmost Appalachians: Temporal compatibility with the master decollement","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-05T15:31:16.45325","indexId":"70207643","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-02T10:28:43","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Alleghanian development of the Goat Rock fault zone, southernmost Appalachians: Temporal compatibility with the master decollement","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Goat Rock and associated Bartletts Ferry fault zones, which mark the eastern margin of the Pine Mountain Grenville basement massif, are controversial due to the suggestion that they are rare exposed segments of the late Paleozoic southern Appalachian master decollement. The controversy in part stems from reported middle Paleozoic (Acadian) radiometric dates postulated as the time of movement along these fault zones. Ultramylonite samples from the type area at Goat Rock Dam yield a 287 ±15 Ma Rb-Sr isochron interpreted as the time of Sr isotopic rehomogenization during mylonitization. This date is corroborated by Late Pennsylvanian-Early Permian&nbsp;</span><sup>40</sup><span>Ar/</span><sup>39</sup><span>Ar mineral ages on hornblende (297-288 Ma) and muscovite (285-278 Ma) from neomineralized and dynamically recrystallized rocks within and straddling the fault zone. These Late Pennsylvanian-Early Permian dates indicate the time of right-slip movement (Alleghanian) along the Goat Rock fault zone, which is compatible with the timing suggested by COCORP for thrusting along the southern Appalachian master decollement.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"GSA","doi":"10.1130/0091-7613(1992)020<0845:ADOTGR>2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Steltenpohl, M.G., Goldberg, S., Hanley, T., and Kunk, M.J., 1992, Alleghanian development of the Goat Rock fault zone, southernmost Appalachians: Temporal compatibility with the master decollement: Geology, v. 20, no. 9, p. 845-848, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1992)020<0845:ADOTGR>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"845","endPage":"848","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":370929,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Goat Rock fault zone","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -75.9375,\n              36.56260003738545\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.001953125,\n              36.63316209558658\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.75976562499999,\n              34.994003757575776\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.0673828125,\n              32.565333160841035\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.1669921875,\n              31.615965936476076\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.33251953125,\n              33.65120829920497\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.13525390624999,\n              34.470335121217474\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.60791015625,\n              35.60371874069731\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.9375,\n              36.56260003738545\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"20","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Steltenpohl, Mark G.","contributorId":178199,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Steltenpohl","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":778730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goldberg, S.","contributorId":64888,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldberg","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":778731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hanley, T.B.","contributorId":58479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanley","given":"T.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":778732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kunk, Michael J. 0000-0003-4424-7825 mkunk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4424-7825","contributorId":200968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kunk","given":"Michael","email":"mkunk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":778733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":33239,"text":"b1988 - 1992 - Evolution of sedimentary basins: Eastern Great Basin","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":33110,"text":"b1988I - 1995 - Reconnaissance study of Mississippian siliciclastic sandstones in eastern Nevada","indexId":"b1988I","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"chapter":"I","title":"Reconnaissance study of Mississippian siliciclastic sandstones in eastern Nevada"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":33239,"text":"b1988 - 1992 - Evolution of sedimentary basins: Eastern Great Basin","indexId":"b1988","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"title":"Evolution of sedimentary basins: Eastern Great Basin"},"id":1},{"subject":{"id":33117,"text":"b1988K - 1995 - Summary of chemical analyses and 40Ar/39Ar age-spectra data for Eocene volcanic rocks from the central part of the Northeast Nevada volcanic field","indexId":"b1988K","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"chapter":"K","title":"Summary of chemical analyses and 40Ar/39Ar age-spectra data for Eocene volcanic rocks from the central part of the Northeast Nevada volcanic field"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":33239,"text":"b1988 - 1992 - Evolution of sedimentary basins: Eastern Great Basin","indexId":"b1988","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"title":"Evolution of sedimentary basins: Eastern Great Basin"},"id":2},{"subject":{"id":47888,"text":"b1988B - 1992 - Stratigraphy and structure of the Seaman Range and Fox Mountain, Lincoln and Nye counties, Nevada","indexId":"b1988B","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"chapter":"B","title":"Stratigraphy and structure of the Seaman Range and Fox Mountain, Lincoln and Nye counties, Nevada"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":33239,"text":"b1988 - 1992 - Evolution of sedimentary basins: Eastern Great Basin","indexId":"b1988","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"title":"Evolution of sedimentary basins: Eastern Great Basin"},"id":3},{"subject":{"id":47889,"text":"b1988C - 1992 - Mesozoic and Tertiary rocks near Elko, Nevada: Evidence for Jurassic to Eocene folding and low-angle faulting","indexId":"b1988C","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"chapter":"C","title":"Mesozoic and Tertiary rocks near Elko, Nevada: Evidence for Jurassic to Eocene folding and low-angle faulting"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":33239,"text":"b1988 - 1992 - Evolution of sedimentary basins: Eastern Great Basin","indexId":"b1988","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"title":"Evolution of sedimentary basins: Eastern Great Basin"},"id":4},{"subject":{"id":47890,"text":"b1988D - 1993 - Paleozoic and Mesozoic rocks of Mount Ichabod and Dorsey Canyon, Elko County, Nevada: Evidence for post-Early Triassic emplacement of the Roberts Mountains and Golconda allochthons","indexId":"b1988D","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"chapter":"D","title":"Paleozoic and Mesozoic rocks of Mount Ichabod and Dorsey Canyon, Elko County, Nevada: Evidence for post-Early Triassic emplacement of the Roberts Mountains and Golconda allochthons"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":33239,"text":"b1988 - 1992 - Evolution of sedimentary basins: Eastern Great Basin","indexId":"b1988","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"title":"Evolution of sedimentary basins: Eastern Great Basin"},"id":5},{"subject":{"id":47891,"text":"b1988E - 1993 - Isolated carbonate bodies composed of stacked debris-flow deposits on a fine-grained carbonate lower slope of Devonian age, Antelope Peak, Elko County, Nevada","indexId":"b1988E","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"chapter":"E","title":"Isolated carbonate bodies composed of stacked debris-flow deposits on a fine-grained carbonate lower slope of Devonian age, Antelope Peak, Elko County, Nevada"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":33239,"text":"b1988 - 1992 - Evolution of sedimentary basins: Eastern Great Basin","indexId":"b1988","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"title":"Evolution of sedimentary basins: Eastern Great Basin"},"id":6},{"subject":{"id":47892,"text":"b1988F - 1993 - Coralliferous carbonate shelves of Mississippian age, west side of Antler Orogen, central Nevada","indexId":"b1988F","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"chapter":"F","title":"Coralliferous carbonate shelves of Mississippian age, west side of Antler Orogen, central Nevada"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":33239,"text":"b1988 - 1992 - Evolution of sedimentary basins: Eastern Great Basin","indexId":"b1988","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"title":"Evolution of sedimentary basins: Eastern Great Basin"},"id":7},{"subject":{"id":47893,"text":"b1988G - 1993 - Upper Devonian to Upper Mississippian strata of the Antler foreland in the Leppy Hills, easternmost northern Nevada","indexId":"b1988G","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"chapter":"G","title":"Upper Devonian to Upper Mississippian strata of the Antler foreland in the Leppy Hills, easternmost northern Nevada"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":33239,"text":"b1988 - 1992 - Evolution of sedimentary basins: Eastern Great Basin","indexId":"b1988","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"title":"Evolution of sedimentary basins: Eastern Great Basin"},"id":8},{"subject":{"id":52693,"text":"b1988J - 1996 - Mississippian stratigraphic framework of east-central California and southern Nevada with revision of Upper Devonian and Mississippian stratigraphic units in Inyo County, California","indexId":"b1988J","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"chapter":"J","title":"Mississippian stratigraphic framework of east-central California and southern Nevada with revision of Upper Devonian and Mississippian stratigraphic units in Inyo County, California"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":33239,"text":"b1988 - 1992 - Evolution of sedimentary basins: Eastern Great Basin","indexId":"b1988","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"title":"Evolution of sedimentary basins: Eastern Great Basin"},"id":9},{"subject":{"id":52694,"text":"b1988H - 1995 - Upper Devonian-Mississippian stratigraphic sequences in the distal Antler foreland of western Utah and adjoining Nevada","indexId":"b1988H","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"chapter":"H","title":"Upper Devonian-Mississippian stratigraphic sequences in the distal Antler foreland of western Utah and adjoining Nevada"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":33239,"text":"b1988 - 1992 - Evolution of sedimentary basins: Eastern Great Basin","indexId":"b1988","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"title":"Evolution of sedimentary basins: Eastern Great Basin"},"id":10}],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-30T15:16:04","indexId":"b1988","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T15:13:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1988","title":"Evolution of sedimentary basins: Eastern Great Basin","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","doi":"10.3133/b1988","usgsCitation":"U.S. Government Printing Office, 1992, Evolution of sedimentary basins: Eastern Great Basin: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1988, https://doi.org/10.3133/b1988.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":289255,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Eastern Great Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.04,35.92 ], [ -117.04,43.72 ], [ -108.69,43.72 ], [ -108.69,35.92 ], [ -117.04,35.92 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53b286e8e4b07b8813a5548c"}
,{"id":70127607,"text":"70127607 - 1992 - Geographic Variation in <i>Hirundo pyrrhonota</i> (Cliff Swallow) from Northern North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-30T14:21:55","indexId":"70127607","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T14:11:13","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3743,"text":"Western Birds","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geographic Variation in <i>Hirundo pyrrhonota</i> (Cliff Swallow) from Northern North America","docAbstract":"<p>The number of subspecies recognized in <i>Hirundo pyrrhonota</i> Vieillot (Cliff Swallow) from Alaska, Canada, and the northern contiguous United States ranges from one (Peters 1960) to three (e.g., Jewett et al. 1953, Oberholser, 1920, breeding from central Alaska to the central Great Basin, and two disjunct populations of nominate <i>pyrrhonota</i>, breeding on the west coast and east of the Rocky Mountains.  Although various authors have reported measurements of wing chord, they have not provided quantitative data for other plumage characters, and they disagree in the characterizations and ranges of the subspecies they recognize.  Because of this, I reviewed the geographic variation among the northern populations.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>My study is confined to specimens from Alaska, Canada, and the contigeous United States south to Merced County in California, both slopes of the Rocky Mountains from Montana and Colorado, and northern half of the eastern United States from Kansas east to Virginia (Figure 1).  The A.O.U. (1957) gave the breeding range of <i>hypopolia</i> as extending from Alaska and Mackenzie to southeastern British Columbia, the eastern parts of Washington, Oregon, and central-eastern California, central Nevada, northern Utah, Montana, and northwestern Wyoming, and the range of nominate <i>pyrhonota</i> as from southwestern British Columbia, western Oregon and Washington to southern California, southern Nevada, southern and eastern Utag, and east of the Rocky Mountains.  I excluded specimens of <i>H. p. ganieri</i> Phillips, 1986, a subspecies (Browning 1990) that breeds from at least west-central Tennessee to Texas, and <i>H. p. tachina</i> Oberholser, 1903 (sensu Phillips 1986), which breeds north to central California, Utah, Arizona, and new Mexico.  I follow Phillips (1973) for the use of the generic name <i>Hirundo</i> for the Cliff Swallow, Hellmayr (1935) for the use of the specific name <i>pyrrhonota</i>.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Western Birds","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"California Field Ornithologists","publisherLocation":"Del Mar, CA","usgsCitation":"Browning, M.R., 1992, Geographic Variation in <i>Hirundo pyrrhonota</i> (Cliff Swallow) from Northern North America: Western Birds, v. 23, p. 21-29.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"21","endPage":"29","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":294668,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"542bc637e4b0abfb4c8097fd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Browning, M. Ralph","contributorId":8528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Browning","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"Ralph","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70243293,"text":"70243293 - 1992 - Source region of a granite batholith: evidence from lower crustal xenoliths and inherited accessory minerals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-05-05T17:15:17.324909","indexId":"70243293","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T12:00:32","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5614,"text":"Special Papers of the Geological Society of America","printIssn":"0072-1077","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":24}},"title":"Source region of a granite batholith: evidence from lower crustal xenoliths and inherited accessory minerals","docAbstract":"<p>Like many granites, the Late Cretaceous intrusives of the eastern Mojave Desert, California, have heretofore provided useful but poorly focused images of their source regions. New studies of lower crustal xenoliths and inherited accessory minerals are sharpening these images.</p><p>Xenoliths in Tertiary dykes in this region are the residues of an extensive partial melting event. Great diversity in their composition reflects initial heterogeneity (both igneous and sedimentary protoliths) and varying amounts of melt extraction (from &lt;10% to &gt;70%). Mineral assemblages and thermobarometry suggest that the melting event occurred at T≥750°C at a depth of about 40 km. Present-day Sr, Nd, and Pb isotopic ratios indicate a Mojave Proterozoic heritage, but unrealistic model ages demonstrate the late Phanerozoic adjustment of parent/daughter ratios. A link between these xenoliths and the Late Cretaceous granites, though not fully documented, is probable; in any case, they provide invaluable clues concerning a crustal melting event, recording information about nature of source material (heterogeneous, supracrustal-rich), conditions of melting (moderately deep, moderately high T, accompanied by partial dehydration), and melt extraction (highly variable, locally extensive).</p><p>The Old Woman-Piute granites contain a large fraction of inherited zircon and monazite. A SHRIMP ion probe investigation shows that these zircons record a Proterozoic history similar to that which affected the Mojave region. Zonation patterns in zircons, and to a lesser extent monazites and xenotimes, document multiple phases of igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary growth and degradation, commonly several in a single grain. Low Y in portions of the cores of inherited zircons and monazites and in monazites and outer portions of zircons from the xenoliths appear to indicate growth in equilibrium with abundant garnet.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The Second Hutton Symposium on the Origin of Granites and Related Rocks","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"2nd Hutton Symposium on the Origin of Granites and Related Rocks","conferenceDate":"September 23-28, 1991","conferenceLocation":"Canberra, Capital Territory, Australia","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/SPE272-p49","usgsCitation":"Miller, C., Hanchar, J.M., Wooden, J., Bennett, V.C., Harrison, T.M., Wark, D.A., and Foster, D.A., 1992, Source region of a granite batholith: evidence from lower crustal xenoliths and inherited accessory minerals, chap. <i>of</i> The Second Hutton Symposium on the Origin of Granites and Related Rocks: Special Papers of the Geological Society of America, v. 272, p. 49-62, https://doi.org/10.1130/SPE272-p49.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"49","endPage":"62","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":416781,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Mojave Desert","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -114.12866834512783,\n              34.25940680643025\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.12866834512783,\n              34.295858248532596\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.16726729156471,\n              34.3550581185811\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.2224086436172,\n              34.36871369472111\n            ],\n         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W.","contributorId":72444,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chappell","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":871927,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Calvin F.","contributorId":18437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Calvin F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":871919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hanchar, John M.","contributorId":190636,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hanchar","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":871920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wooden, Joseph L.","contributorId":32209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wooden","given":"Joseph L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":871921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bennett, Victoria C.","contributorId":190637,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bennett","given":"Victoria","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":871922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Harrison, T. Mark","contributorId":304921,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harrison","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"Mark","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":871923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wark, David A.","contributorId":304922,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wark","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":871924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Foster, David A.","contributorId":304923,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Foster","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":871925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70203000,"text":"70203000 - 1992 - Genetic variation in male Yellow-headed Blackbirds from the northern Great Plains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-10T11:54:42","indexId":"70203000","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T11:53:25","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1176,"text":"Canadian Journal of Zoology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Genetic variation in male Yellow-headed Blackbirds from the northern Great Plains","docAbstract":"<p><span>Electrophoretic differences at 15 presumptive loci were used to assess allelic frequencies, heterozygosities, and polymorphism for male Yellow-headed Blackbirds (</span><i>Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus</i><span>) collected in east-central Alberta, north-central North Dakota, and east-central South Dakota. Five loci were polymorphic and mean heterozygosities ranged from 0.119 to 0.133. Significant differences were detected among these geographic populations of Yellow-headed Blackbirds, primarily due to differences in the allelic frequencies of isocitrate dehydrogenase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. Differences detected were not sufficient to uniquely identify the geographic origin of Yellow-headed Blackbrids.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/z92-305","usgsCitation":"Twedt, D.J., Bleier, W.J., and Linz, G.M., 1992, Genetic variation in male Yellow-headed Blackbirds from the northern Great Plains: Canadian Journal of Zoology, v. 70, no. 11, p. 2280-2282, https://doi.org/10.1139/z92-305.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"2280","endPage":"2282","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":362889,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","volume":"70","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Twedt, Daniel J. 0000-0003-1223-5045 dtwedt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1223-5045","contributorId":398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Twedt","given":"Daniel","email":"dtwedt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":760734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bleier, William J.","contributorId":66833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bleier","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":760735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Linz, George M.","contributorId":32859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Linz","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":760736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70127577,"text":"70127577 - 1992 - Distribution of Yellowstone grizzly bears during the 1980s","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-14T16:57:08.018739","indexId":"70127577","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T11:48:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":737,"text":"American Midland Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distribution of Yellowstone grizzly bears during the 1980s","docAbstract":"<p><span>Grizzly bear (<i>Ursus arctos horribilis</i>) females with young occupied a greater proportion of area east of Yellowstone National Park during 1980-1989 compared to 1973-1979. Occupancy by all bears and females with young was lower in all peripheral areas compared to the Park, but greater east and south compared to north and south of the Park. Observed changes reflect not only a static or slightly increasing population trend, but may also reflect biases in data collection. These biases are discussed and distributions of all observations and females with young are presented. Methodological problems implicit in analyzing changes in distribution of grizzly bears are also discussed.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"University of Notre Dame","doi":"10.2307/2426467","usgsCitation":"Blanchard, B.M., Knight, R.R., and Mattson, D.J., 1992, Distribution of Yellowstone grizzly bears during the 1980s: American Midland Naturalist, v. 128, p. 332-335, https://doi.org/10.2307/2426467.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"332","endPage":"335","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":294643,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Montana, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.156,44.1324 ], [ -111.156,45.109 ], [ -109.8242,45.109 ], [ -109.8242,44.1324 ], [ -111.156,44.1324 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"128","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"542bc62de4b0abfb4c8097a3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blanchard, Bonnie M.","contributorId":33633,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blanchard","given":"Bonnie","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Knight, Richard R.","contributorId":68660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knight","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mattson, David J.","contributorId":191920,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mattson","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70243350,"text":"70243350 - 1992 - Source region of a granite batholith: Evidence from lower crustal xenoliths and inherited accessory minerals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-05-09T15:29:36.780462","indexId":"70243350","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T10:14:37","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5770,"text":"Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of The Royal Society of Edinburgh","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Source region of a granite batholith: Evidence from lower crustal xenoliths and inherited accessory minerals","docAbstract":"<p>Like many granites, the Late Cretaceous intrusives of the eastern Mojave Desert, California, have heretofore provided useful but poorly focused images of their source regions. New studies of lower crustal xenoliths and inherited accessory minerals are sharpening these images.</p><p>Xenoliths in Tertiary dykes in this region are the residues of an extensive partial melting event. Great diversity in their composition reflects initial heterogeneity (both igneous and sedimentary protoliths) and varying amounts of melt extraction (from &lt;10% to &gt;70%). Mineral assemblages and thermobarometry suggest that the melting event occurred at<span>&nbsp;</span><span class=\"italic\">T</span><span>&nbsp;</span>≥ 750°C at a depth of about 40 km. Present-day Sr, Nd, and Pb isotopic ratios indicate a Mojave Proterozoic heritage, but unrealistic model ages demonstrate the late Phanerozoic adjustment of parent/daughter ratios. A link between these xenoliths and the Late Cretaceous granites, though not fully documented, is probable; in any case, they provide invaluable clues concerning a crustal melting event, recording information about nature of source material (heterogeneous, supracrustal-rich), conditions of melting (moderately deep, moderately high T, accompanied by partial dehydration), and melt extraction (highly variable, locally extensive).</p><p>The Old Woman-Piute granites contain a large fraction of inherited zircon and monazite. A SHRIMP ion probe investigation shows that these zircons record a Proterozoic history similar to that which affected the Mojave region. Zonation patterns in zircons, and to a lesser extent monazites and xenotimes, document multiple phases of igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary growth and degradation, commonly several in a single grain. Low Y in portions of the cores of inherited zircons and monazites and in monazites and outer portions of zircons from the xenoliths appear to indicate growth in equilibrium with abundant garnet.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1017/S0263593300007744","usgsCitation":"Miller, C., Hanchar, J.M., Wooden, J., Bennett, V.C., Harrison, T.M., Wark, D.A., and Foster, D.A., 1992, Source region of a granite batholith: Evidence from lower crustal xenoliths and inherited accessory minerals: Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of The Royal Society of Edinburgh, v. 83, no. 1-2, p. 49-62, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0263593300007744.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"49","endPage":"62","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":416862,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Mojave Desert","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": 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C.","contributorId":190637,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bennett","given":"Victoria","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":872130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Harrison, T. Mark","contributorId":304921,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harrison","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"Mark","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":872131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wark, David A.","contributorId":304922,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wark","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":872132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Foster, David A.","contributorId":304923,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Foster","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":872133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70017104,"text":"70017104 - 1992 - Widespread buried Precambrian layered sequences in the U.S. mid- continent: Evidence for large Proterozoic depositional basins","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-19T17:30:17.436221","indexId":"70017104","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":701,"text":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Widespread buried Precambrian layered sequences in the U.S. mid- continent: Evidence for large Proterozoic depositional basins","docAbstract":"<p>Large regions of the North American mid-continent are underlain by Precambrian layered rocks buried beneath Phanerozoic sedimentary strata. South of the Wichita Mountains, published seismic reflection profiles show a Precambrian layered assemblage extending for at least 40 km in both the north-south and east-west directions, and industry data show that it may continue 150 km to the southeast. Seismic reflection data in the Illinois region show a Precambrian layered assemblage extending 320 km in an east-west direction and 200 km in a north-south direction. In both cases, the layered rocks are as much as 12 km thick. Apparent sequence boundaries (onlap, downlap) within these assemblages suggest they are parts of large depositional basins with diffractions and dipping strat due to faulting. The layered sequences correlate with regions of relatively long-wavelength and low-amplitude magnetic anomalies; the extent of this magnetic signature suggests that about 200,000 km{2} of Illinois, Indiana, and western Ohio, about 50,000 km{2} of southernmost Oklahoma and north-central Texas, and about 32,000 km{2} of southern Missouri and northern Arkansas may be underlain by similar Precambrian strata.</p><p>Drill holes indicate that the top of the mid-continent Precambrian \"basement\" is composed largely of silicic igneous rocks. Such material may comprise a large part of the layered sequences. Alternatively, these igneous rocks could be intermixed with, or underlain by, nonvolcanic (meta?)sedimentary strata. The strong reflectivity of some layers suggest that minor mafic flows and/or sills may also be present. Analysis of U/Pb and Nd/Sm isotopes within the granites and rhyolites imply that the layered sequences postdate crustal formation at 1.7-2.0 Ga and predate or are contemporaneous with the 1.3-1.5 Ga crystallization ages of the granites and rhyolites. Though these layered rocks have a spatial association with igneous rocks and thus have likely been metamorphosed, the possibility tha they contain Precambrian hydrocarbons that escaped heating is as yet untested.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists","doi":"10.1306/BDFF89FC-1718-11D7-8645000102C1865D","usgsCitation":"Pratt, T.L., Hauser, E., and Nelson, K.D., 1992, Widespread buried Precambrian layered sequences in the U.S. mid- continent: Evidence for large Proterozoic depositional basins: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 76, no. 9, p. 1384-1401, https://doi.org/10.1306/BDFF89FC-1718-11D7-8645000102C1865D.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1384","endPage":"1401","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224818,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Mid-continent region","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -82,\n              44\n            ],\n            [\n              -105,\n              44\n            ],\n            [\n              -105,\n              31\n            ],\n            [\n              -82,\n              31\n            ],\n            [\n              -82,\n              44\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"76","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd0afe4b08c986b32efd4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pratt, T. L.","contributorId":53072,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pratt","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hauser, E.C.","contributorId":41150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hauser","given":"E.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nelson, Kim","contributorId":92810,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nelson","given":"Kim","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":26300,"text":"wri924018 - 1992 - Hydrology of the Cave Springs area near Chattanooga, Hamilton County, Tennessee","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-06T19:36:13.528626","indexId":"wri924018","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"92-4018","title":"Hydrology of the Cave Springs area near Chattanooga, Hamilton County, Tennessee","docAbstract":"<p>The hydrology of Cave Springs, the second largest spring in East Tennessee was investigated from July 1987 to September 1989. Wells near the spring supply about 5 million gallons per day of potable water to people in Hamilton County near Chattanooga. Discharge from the spring averaged about 13.5 cubic feet per second (8.72 million gallons per day) during the study period. Withdrawals by the Hixson Utility District from wells upgradient from the outflow averaged 8.6 cubic feet per second (5.54 million gallons per day). Aquifer tests using wells intersecting a large solution cavity supplying water to the spring showed a drawdown of less than 3 feet with a discharge of 9,000 gallons per minute or 20 cubic feet per second. </p><p>Temperature and specific conductance of ground water near the spring outflow were monitored hourly. Temperatures ranged from 13.5 to 18.2 degrees celsius, and fluctuated seasonally in response to climate. Specific-conductance values ranged from 122 to 405 microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius, but were generally between 163 to 185 microsiemens per centimeter. </p><p>The drainage area of the basin recharging the spring system was estimated to be 1O square miles. A potentiometric map of the recharge basin was developed from water levels measured at domestic and test wells in August 1989. Aquifer tests at five test wells in the study area indicated that specific-capacity values for these wells ranged from 4.1 to 261 gallons per minute per foot of drawdown. Water-quality characteristics of ground water in the area were used in conjunction with potentiometric-surface maps to delineate the approximate area contributing recharge to Cave Springs.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri924018","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Hixson Utility District","usgsCitation":"Bradfield, A.D., 1992, Hydrology of the Cave Springs area near Chattanooga, Hamilton County, Tennessee: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 92-4018, iv, 28 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri924018.","productDescription":"iv, 28 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":502216,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri92-4018/pdf/wrir_92-4018_a.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":122969,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri_92_4018.jpg"},{"id":1998,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri92-4018/index.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Tennessee","county":"Hamilton County","otherGeospatial":"Cave Springs","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a13e4b07f02db601f5b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bradfield, Arthur D.","contributorId":88383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradfield","given":"Arthur","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70016893,"text":"70016893 - 1992 - Lead isotopic compositions and paleohydrology of caldera-related epithermal veins, Lake City, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-26T22:46:06.53471","indexId":"70016893","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lead isotopic compositions and paleohydrology of caldera-related epithermal veins, Lake City, Colorado","docAbstract":"<div id=\"15007573\" class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \" data-section-parent-id=\"0\"><p>The Uncompahgre caldera, and the Lake City caldera nested within it, each have fossil hydrothermal systems and associated mineral deposits that formed during multiple episodes of mineralization during Oligocene and Miocene time. New lead isotopic analyses for 51 ore samples, mainly galena, combined with previously obtained data for ore minerals and rocks, suggest likely lead source rocks and fluid-migration paths. Most values of<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>206</sup>Pb/<sup>204</sup>Pb,<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>207</sup>Pb/<sup>204</sup>Pb, and<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>208</sup>Pb/<sup>204</sup>Pb in galena from veins match the respective lead isotopic ratios for their host rocks; for example, all have<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>206</sup>Pb/<sup>204</sup>Pb typically in the range 18.4-19.0. The source for most vein lead is therefore probably the host unit for the vein. Some mixing of lead from other sources also occurred. Ratios of<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>206</sup>Pb/<sup>204</sup>Pb &gt; 19.0 probably indicate a component of more-radiogenic lead from a Middle Proterozoic source. Lower lead isotopic ratios,<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>206</sup>Pb/<sup>204</sup>Pb &lt; 18.5, suggest mixing with less-radiogenic lead from either Miocene rhyolitic volcanic and intrusive rocks or early Oligocene intermediate-composition volcanic rocks. Hydrothermal flow in the Uncompahgre caldera was predominantly west to east down the topographic slope. Discharge was mainly in closed topographic lows marked by lacustrine deposits. Hydrothermal circulation in the Lake City caldera was controlled by local topography and post-caldera intrusions and was isolated from flow in the Uncompahgre caldera and Eureka graben. Richer ore deposits may be associated with ring fault-related conduits that extend through the volcanic cover to more-radiogenic Middle Proterozoic basement at depth. As in the rest of the San Juan Mountains, lead originally came from a predominantly ∼1450 Ma source. Enough variation in<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>207</sup>Pb/<sup>204</sup>Pb was produced by orogenic events at ca. 1450 Ma, ca. 1760 Ma, and earlier to explain most of the<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>207</sup>Pb/<sup>204</sup>Pb variation present today in Tertiary volcanic rocks and hydrothermal veins.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1992)104<1236:LICAPO>2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Sanford, R., 1992, Lead isotopic compositions and paleohydrology of caldera-related epithermal veins, Lake City, Colorado: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 104, no. 10, p. 1236-1245, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1992)104<1236:LICAPO>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1236","endPage":"1245","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225136,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","city":"Lake City","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -107.37704366433853,\n              38.07369446181306\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.37704366433853,\n              37.99473307514418\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.26443380105722,\n              37.99473307514418\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.26443380105722,\n              38.07369446181306\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.37704366433853,\n              38.07369446181306\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"104","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a45c8e4b0c8380cd674c4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sanford, R.F.","contributorId":38562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanford","given":"R.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70017141,"text":"70017141 - 1992 - Mapping thermal maturity in the Chainman shale, near Eureka, Nevada, with Landsat Thematic Mapper images","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-19T17:40:10.222065","indexId":"70017141","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":701,"text":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mapping thermal maturity in the Chainman shale, near Eureka, Nevada, with Landsat Thematic Mapper images","docAbstract":"<p>The purpose of this study was to determine if there is a correlation between measurements of organic matter (OM) maturity and laboratory measurements of visible and near-infrared spectral reflectance, and if Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) images could be used to map maturity. The maturity of Mississippian Chainman Shale samples collected in east-central Nevada and west-central Utah was determined by using vitrinite reflectance and Rock-Eval pyrolysis. To establish the relations between maturity and spectral reflectance in the visible and near-infrared (VNIR) wavelength region, VNIR reflectance spectra of fresh and weathered whole-rock sample surfaces were measured in the laboratory. The spectra were convolved digitally with the Landsat TM filter band passes to facilitate th analysis, especially the relative sensitivities of individual band passes and ratios of band passes to spectral reflectance variations related to OM maturity.</p><p>With increasing maturity, overall VNIR diffuse reflectance and mineral-absorption-feature intensities decrease, and the shape of the spectra changes from concave-downward to nearly flat. The spectral shape differences between mature and supermature samples remains distinctive in reflectance spectra of weathered surfaces. TM 4/TM 5 values correspond well to vitrinite reflectance and hydrogen index variations, and therefore this ratio was used to evaluate a TM image of the Eureka, Nevada, area for mapping thermal maturity differences in the Chainman Shale. First, the contribution of vegetation to the TM response was minimized using a linear regression technique, and then a TM 4/TM 5 density-sliced image was produced.</p><p>Field evaluation of the TM 4/TM 5 density-sliced image shows that all the high values in the Chainman Shale, which correspond to high maturity, are located in the Diamond Mountains; in contrast, Chainman Shale in the northwestern Pancake Range exhibits low to moderate values. These results are consistent with published local maturity determinations. Locally, the presence of limonitic arenaceous exposures and colluvium causes anomalously low TM 4/TM 5 values, but these areas can be identified in TM images because of their diagnostic VNIR reflectance spectra.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists","doi":"10.1306/BDFF895C-1718-11D7-8645000102C1865D","usgsCitation":"Rowan, L., Pawlewicz, M., and Jones, O.D., 1992, Mapping thermal maturity in the Chainman shale, near Eureka, Nevada, with Landsat Thematic Mapper images: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 76, no. 7, p. 1008-1023, https://doi.org/10.1306/BDFF895C-1718-11D7-8645000102C1865D.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1008","endPage":"1023","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224679,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","city":"Eureka","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -115.75,\n              39.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -116,\n              39.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -116,\n              39.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.75,\n              39.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.75,\n              39.75\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"76","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a508be4b0c8380cd6b76b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rowan, Lawrence C.","contributorId":22860,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowan","given":"Lawrence C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pawlewicz, Mark","contributorId":69212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pawlewicz","given":"Mark","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jones, O. D.","contributorId":42700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"O.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70017263,"text":"70017263 - 1992 - Impact origin of the Avak Structure, Arctic Alaska, and genesis of the Barrow gas fields","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-19T17:47:56.045056","indexId":"70017263","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":701,"text":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impact origin of the Avak Structure, Arctic Alaska, and genesis of the Barrow gas fields","docAbstract":"<p>Geophysical and subsurface geologic data suggest that the Avak structure, which underlies the Arctic Coastal Plain 12 km southeast of Barrow, Alaska, is a hypervelocity meteorite or comet impact structure. The structure is a roughly circular area of uplifted, chaotically deformed Upper Triassic to Lower Cretaceous sedimentary rocks 8 km in diameter that is bounded by a ring of anastomosing, inwardly dipping, listric normal faults 12 km in diameter. A zone of gently outward-dipping sedimentary country rocks forms a discontinuous ring of \"rim anticlines\" within the peripheral ring of normal faults. Beyond these anticlines, the sedimentary rocks are almost flat-lying. Basement consists of strongly deformed Ordovician and Silurian argillite. Density and acoustic impedance con rasts between the argillite and the overlying strata produce gravity and seismic-reflection signatures that define a ring of anticlines around the disturbed zone and a structural high surrounded by an annular structural low at its center.</p><p>In the adjacent Barrow gas fields, the tops of the informally named Neocomian \"pebble shale\" unit and the gas-producing Lower Jurassic Barrow sand (local usage) lie at average subsea depths of 488 m and 670 m, respectively. In the Avak 1 well, drilled on the central high, the pebble shale and the Barrow sand lie near the surface, documenting more than 500 m of relative uplift at the high. The cores in this well have steep dips (30-90 degrees), mixed breccia with Franklinian argillite clasts 10 and 90 m above basement, quartz grains with shock mosaicism and multiple sets of shock lamellae, oriented concussion fractures in sand-size quartz grains, and shatter cones resembling those found in the peripheral zones of well-documented impact structures. In addition, above-background levels o fractured quartz grains in Barrow sand were found as far as 19 km beyond the rim of the Avak structure.</p><p>Data concerning the age of the Avak structure are not definitive. If submarine landslide deposits in the upper part of the Aptian and Albian Torok Formation, in the subsurface 200 km to the east, were triggered by the Avak event, then the Avak meteorite struck a submerged marine shelf about 100 + or - 5 Ma. However, the impact features found at Avak (shatter cones, concussion fractures, shock lamellae and shock mosaicism in quartz grains, and widespread cataclasis) characterize the distal zones of meteorite impact structures. Fused rocks, plastic deformation, and shock-metamorphic minerals found in more proximal zones of impact structures are apparently missing. These observations, and the lack of Avak ejecta in cuttings and cores from the Torok Formation and Nanushuk Group (Albian to middle Cenomanian) in surrounding test wells, indicate that the impact event postdated these beds. In this case, the Avak meteorite struck a Late Cretaceous or Tertiary marine shelf or coastal plain between the Cenomanian (ca. 95 Ma), and deposition of the basal beds of the overlying late Pliocene and Quaternary Gubik Formation (ca. 3 Ma).</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists","doi":"10.1306/BDFF889E-1718-11D7-8645000102C1865D","usgsCitation":"Kirschner, C., Grantz, A., and Mullen, M.W., 1992, Impact origin of the Avak Structure, Arctic Alaska, and genesis of the Barrow gas fields: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 76, no. 5, p. 651-679, https://doi.org/10.1306/BDFF889E-1718-11D7-8645000102C1865D.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"651","endPage":"679","numberOfPages":"29","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":225163,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Avak structure, Barrow gas fields","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -160.10286874793076,\n              71.39378563719981\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.10286874793076,\n              69.48627430745987\n            ],\n            [\n              -146.27334730998183,\n              69.48627430745987\n            ],\n            [\n              -146.27334730998183,\n              71.39378563719981\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.10286874793076,\n              71.39378563719981\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"76","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a38d9e4b0c8380cd616ea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kirschner, C.E.","contributorId":81107,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirschner","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grantz, Arthur agrantz@usgs.gov","contributorId":2585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grantz","given":"Arthur","email":"agrantz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":375926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mullen, M. W.","contributorId":15587,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mullen","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70016729,"text":"70016729 - 1992 - Jurassic ash-flow sheets, calderas, and related intrusions of the Cordilleran volcanic arc in southeastern Arizona: Implications for regional tectonics and ore deposits","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-26T22:51:57.177714","indexId":"70016729","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Jurassic ash-flow sheets, calderas, and related intrusions of the Cordilleran volcanic arc in southeastern Arizona: Implications for regional tectonics and ore deposits","docAbstract":"<div id=\"15007657\" class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \" data-section-parent-id=\"0\"><p>Volcanologic, petrologic, and paleomagnetic studies of widespread Jurassic ash-flow sheets in the Huachuca-southern Dragoon Mountains area have led to identification of four large source calderas and associated comagmatic intracaldera intrusions. Stratigraphic, facies, and contact features of the caldera-related tuffs also provide constraints on the locations, lateral displacements, and very existence for some major northwest-trending faults and inferred regional thrusts in south-eastern Arizona. For example, the intricate Cochise thrust system, as mapped by others in the southern Dragoon Mountains, consists instead of primary depositional contacts within caldera-fill megabreccia, and the inferred regional thrusts do not exist, at least as previously interpreted. Silicic alkalic compositions of the Jurassic caldera-related, ash-flow tuffs; bimodal associated mafic magmatism; and interstratified coarse sedimentary deposits provide evidence for synvolcanic extension and rifting within the Cordilleran magmatic arc. Gold-copper mineralization is associated with subvolcanic intrusions at several of the Jurassic calderas.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1992)104<0032:JAFSCA>2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Lipman, P.W., and Hagstrum, J., 1992, Jurassic ash-flow sheets, calderas, and related intrusions of the Cordilleran volcanic arc in southeastern Arizona: Implications for regional tectonics and ore deposits: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 104, no. 1, p. 32-39, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1992)104<0032:JAFSCA>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"32","endPage":"39","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225126,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -112.33882163208548,\n              32.38295754498907\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.33882163208548,\n              31.25293988195604\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.93347953106378,\n              31.25293988195604\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.93347953106378,\n              32.38295754498907\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.33882163208548,\n              32.38295754498907\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"104","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4031e4b0c8380cd64b77","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lipman, P. W.","contributorId":93470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lipman","given":"P.","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hagstrum, J.T.","contributorId":75922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hagstrum","given":"J.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70016567,"text":"70016567 - 1992 - Paleomagnetic data bearing on the origin of arcuate structures in the French Peak-Massachusetts Mountain area of southern Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-26T22:56:53.251112","indexId":"70016567","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Paleomagnetic data bearing on the origin of arcuate structures in the French Peak-Massachusetts Mountain area of southern Nevada","docAbstract":"<div id=\"15007829\" class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \" data-section-parent-id=\"0\"><p>The eastern margin of the Yucca Flat basin, in southern Nevada, is bounded by north-northwest-striking tilted fault blocks of the Halfpint Range whose strikes curve as much as 90° clockwise into east-northeast strikes in the French Peak-Massachusetts Mountain (FPMM) area. This pattern of arcuate structures has been attributed to clockwise drag along a postulated northwest-trending, right-lateral shear zone. The flexure model implies that rocks within the FPMM area were rotated strongly clockwise about a vertical axis. Directions of remanent magnetization of the middle Miocene Ammonia Tanks and Rainier Mesa Members of the Timber Mountain Tuff and of the Topopah Spring Member of the Paintbrush Tuff indicate no systematic vertical-axis rotation in the FPMM area and disprove the flexure model. After tilt correction, declinations of 29 site means obtained from the three ash-flow sheets in the FPMM area are not systematically different than declinations of 17 site means from the Halfpint Range or declinations of 16 site means from little-deformed mesa areas to the west. The paleomagnetic data thus indicate that structures in the FPMM area initiated with arcuate trends and were not originally straight elements that were rotated by right-lateral drag. The structures probably formed under the influence of spatially variable stress fields. The FPMM area lies in an accommodation zone between domains of oppositely tilted extensional fault blocks. Interaction between stress fields associated with propagating normal-fault zones may have been responsible for the arcuate structures in the FPMM area.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1992)104<0581:PDBOTO>2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Hudson, M., 1992, Paleomagnetic data bearing on the origin of arcuate structures in the French Peak-Massachusetts Mountain area of southern Nevada: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 104, no. 5, p. 581-594, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1992)104<0581:PDBOTO>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"581","endPage":"594","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222967,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -118.4137969311808,\n              38.17147108842346\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.4137969311808,\n              34.8162646660264\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.00852349368115,\n              34.8162646660264\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.00852349368115,\n              38.17147108842346\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.4137969311808,\n              38.17147108842346\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"104","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a740ae4b0c8380cd773de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hudson, M.R.","contributorId":68317,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hudson","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70016832,"text":"70016832 - 1992 - A glacier peak and Mount Saint Helens J volcanic ash couplet and the timing of deglaciation in the Colville Valley area, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-21T16:31:13.056607","indexId":"70016832","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1168,"text":"Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A glacier peak and Mount Saint Helens J volcanic ash couplet and the timing of deglaciation in the Colville Valley area, Washington","docAbstract":"<p><span>A Late Pleistocene volcanic ash couplet consisting of a Glacier Peak ash layer and an underlying Mount Saint Helens J ash layer has been identified at three sites in the Colville Valley area of northeastern Washington. This ash couplet has been reported as far east as northwestern Montana and therefore appears to have widespread distribution south of the International Boundary. Because areas covered by the Cordilleran Ice Sheet, as well as by local mountain glaciers and icefields, were undergoing extensive deglaciation when these ash layers were deposited, about 11 200 BP, the ash couplet is an important time-stratigraphic marker, and its identification at a site provides information about the extent of deglaciation at that time.The ash couplet is easily recognized in the study area. Distinguishing characteristics include (</span><i>i</i><span>) the medium-sand-size (0.2–0.4 mm) rounded glass fragments and abundant mafic crystals in the fine-sand fraction of the Glacier Peak ash, a white layer 5–10 mm thick; (</span><i>ii</i><span>) the fine sandy silt and mafic-crystal-poor Mount Saint Helens J ash, also a white layer 5–10 mm thick, below the Glacier Peak ash; and (</span><i>iii</i><span>) the stratigraphic position of the couplet beneath the much younger Mazama ash.The presence of the Glacier Peak and Mount Saint Helens J ash couplet in the Colville Valley, about 50 km north (upglacier) from the Late Wisconsin terminal moraine near the town of Springdale, indicates that the active margin of the Colville sublobe of the Cordilleran Ice Sheet had retreated at least that distance by 11 200 BP.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/e92-187","issn":"00084077","usgsCitation":"Carrara, P., and Trimble, D., 1992, A glacier peak and Mount Saint Helens J volcanic ash couplet and the timing of deglaciation in the Colville Valley area, Washington: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 29, no. 11, p. 2397-2405, https://doi.org/10.1139/e92-187.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"2397","endPage":"2405","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225031,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Colville Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -117.83272354754718,\n              48.14814340011884\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.83272354754718,\n              48.05560883696705\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.60501566141664,\n              48.05560883696705\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.60501566141664,\n              48.14814340011884\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.83272354754718,\n              48.14814340011884\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"29","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e409e4b0c8380cd4637a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carrara, P. E.","contributorId":33727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carrara","given":"P. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Trimble, D.A.","contributorId":9664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trimble","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70017129,"text":"70017129 - 1992 - Lithofacies analysis of colluvial sediments - an aid in interpreting the recent history of Quaternary normal faults in the Basin and Range Province, western United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-17T11:04:56.354433","indexId":"70017129","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2450,"text":"Journal of Sedimentary Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lithofacies analysis of colluvial sediments - an aid in interpreting the recent history of Quaternary normal faults in the Basin and Range Province, western United States","docAbstract":"<div><div id=\"12460329\" class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \" data-section-parent-id=\"0\"><p>Inferring the frequency and magnitude of past earthquakes from the stratigraphy in exposures of normal-faulted sediments is difficult because colluvial lithofacies assemblages adjacent to faults are complex. Similarities in facies assemblages adjacent to young fault scarps in arid to semiarid areas, such as the Basin and Range province, allow lithofacies to be grouped into two genetic architectural elements: debris and wash elements. Upper and lower facies associations can commonly be recognized within each element. A lithofacies code scheme, similar to those used in the analysis of fluvial and glacial lithofacies sequences, provides a concise way of illustrating lithofacies relations in fault exposures. The source lithology of colluvial lithofacies is shown in the code, and soil-horizon symbols can be included. The architecture of lithofacies assemblages near fault scarps in semiarid areas is explained by a model of colluvial sedimentation in response to a single surface faulting event. Analysis of lithofacies assemblages exposed in three trenches across normal faults in the eastern Basin and Range shows how the model can be used to interpret fault histories. Similar facies analysis methods may be useful in interpreting colluvial sequences formed by non-tectonic processes.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"SEPM","doi":"10.1306/D426796F-2B26-11D7-8648000102C1865D","issn":"00224472","usgsCitation":"Nelson, A., 1992, Lithofacies analysis of colluvial sediments - an aid in interpreting the recent history of Quaternary normal faults in the Basin and Range Province, western United States: Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, v. 62, no. 4, p. 607-621, https://doi.org/10.1306/D426796F-2B26-11D7-8648000102C1865D.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"607","endPage":"621","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224483,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":269953,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://archives.datapages.com/data/sepm/journals/v59-62/data/062/062004/0607.htm"}],"volume":"62","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4832e4b0c8380cd67cb4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, A.R. 0000-0001-7117-7098","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7117-7098","contributorId":55078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"A.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70016325,"text":"70016325 - 1992 - Use of D-C resistivity to map saline ground water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-11-20T14:51:02","indexId":"70016325","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"title":"Use of D-C resistivity to map saline ground water","docAbstract":"It has been estimated in previous studies that 23 square miles of the Oxnard aquifer, a member of a multi-layered aquifer system beneath the Oxnard plain in Ventura County, California, has been contaminated as a result of seawater intrusion. To investigate this and other potential sources of saline water, a direct-current resistivity survey was made as an alternative to the costly and time-consuming method of well drilling in the part of the Oxnard plain where ground water is believed to be most affected by seawater. Findings from this survey and water-quality data collected from wells as part of this study suggest that the extent of seawater intrusion is much less than reported. A field inventory of the current monitoring-well network utilized by managing agencies suggests that the integrity of most of the well casings is questionable. Leakage of saline water from an unconfined `perched zone' through these and other failed or corroded well casings is a possible source of increasing chloride concentration in the underlying Oxnard aquifer. Saline water also may be present in fine-grained deposits along the eastern limit of the Oxnard aquifer. Pumping near this area could induce the lateral migration of saline water from these deposits.","largerWorkTitle":"Irrigation and Drainage: Saving a Threatened Resource - In Search of Solutions, Proceedings of the Irrigation and Drainage Sessions at Water Forum '92","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the ASCE National Conference on Irrigation and Drainage - Water Forum '92","conferenceLocation":"Baltimore, MD, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Publ by ASCE","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, United States","issn":"0872628779","usgsCitation":"Stamos, C., Predmore, S.K., and Zohdy, A.A., 1992, Use of D-C resistivity to map saline ground water, 6 p.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"80","endPage":"85","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222794,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":263313,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/confpub/70016325/70016325.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -119.25,34.08 ], [ -119.25,34.18 ], [ -119.06,34.18 ], [ -119.06,34.08 ], [ -119.25,34.08 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbe60e4b08c986b32956b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stamos, Christina L. 0000-0002-1007-9352","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1007-9352","contributorId":19593,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stamos","given":"Christina L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Predmore, Steven K. spredmor@usgs.gov","contributorId":1512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Predmore","given":"Steven","email":"spredmor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":373186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zohdy, Adel A. R.","contributorId":61799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zohdy","given":"Adel","email":"","middleInitial":"A. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70016576,"text":"70016576 - 1992 - Heat flow and subsurface temperature as evidence for basin-scale ground-water flow, North Slope of Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-26T22:55:09.297593","indexId":"70016576","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Heat flow and subsurface temperature as evidence for basin-scale ground-water flow, North Slope of Alaska","docAbstract":"<div id=\"15007719\" class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \" data-section-parent-id=\"0\"><p>In conjunction with the U.S. Geological Survey's exploration program in the National Petroleum Reserve, Alaska (NPRA) several high-resolution temperature logs were made in each of 21 drillholes between 1977 and 1984. These time-series of shallow (average 600-m depth) temperature profiles were extrapolated to infinite time to yield equilibrium temperature profiles (±0.1 °C). Thermal gradients are inversely correlated with elevation, and vary from 22 °C/km in the foothills of the Brooks Range to as high as 53 °C/km on the coastal plain to the north. Shallow temperature data were supplemented with 24 equilibrium temperatures (±3-5 °C) estimated from series of bottom-hole temperatures (BHTs) measured near the bottom of petroleum exploration wells. A total of 601 thermal conductivity measurements were made on drill cuttings and cores. Near-surface heat flow (±20%) is inversely correlated with elevation and ranges from a low of 27 mW/m<sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>in the foothills of the Brooks Range in the south, to a high of 90 mW/m<sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>near the north coast. Subsurface temperatures and thermal gradients estimated from corrected BHTs are similarly much higher on the coastal plain than in the foothills province to the south. Significant east-west variation in heat flow and subsurface temperature is also observed; higher heat flow and temperature coincide with higher basement topography. The observed thermal pattern is consistent with forced convection by a topographically driven ground-water flow system; alternative explanations are largely unsatisfactory. Average ground-water (Darcy) velocity in the postulated flow system is estimated to be of the order of 0.1 m/yr; the effective basin-scale permeability is estimated to be of the order of 10<sup>-14</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>m<sup>2</sup>. Organic maturation data collected in other studies indicate that systematic variations in thermal state may have persisted for tens of millions of years. The ground-water flow system thought to be responsible for present heat-flow variations conceivably has existed for the same period of time, possibly providing the driving mechanism for petroleum migration and accumulation at Prudhoe Bay.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1992)104<0528:HFASTA>2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Deming, D., Sass, J., Lachenbruch, A., and De Rito, R.F., 1992, Heat flow and subsurface temperature as evidence for basin-scale ground-water flow, North Slope of Alaska: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 104, no. 5, p. 528-542, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1992)104<0528:HFASTA>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"528","endPage":"542","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223017,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"North Slope","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -167.30348091915397,\n              71.6305831154134\n            ],\n            [\n              -167.30348091915397,\n              67.60267983093615\n            ],\n            [\n              -140.49684029415414,\n              67.60267983093615\n            ],\n            [\n              -140.49684029415414,\n              71.6305831154134\n            ],\n            [\n              -167.30348091915397,\n              71.6305831154134\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"104","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2ffae4b0c8380cd5d281","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Deming, D.","contributorId":42712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deming","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sass, J.H.","contributorId":70749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sass","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":373939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lachenbruch, A.H.","contributorId":76737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lachenbruch","given":"A.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"De Rito, R. F.","contributorId":77303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"De Rito","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
]}