{"pageNumber":"3133","pageRowStart":"78300","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184880,"records":[{"id":70023527,"text":"70023527 - 2001 - Anomalous preservation of pure methane hydrate at 1 atm","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:00","indexId":"70023527","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2425,"text":"Journal of Physical Chemistry B","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Anomalous preservation of pure methane hydrate at 1 atm","docAbstract":"Direct measurement of decomposition rates of pure, polycrystalline methane hydrate reveals a thermal regime where methane hydrate metastably `preserves' in bulk by as much as 75 K above its nominal equilibrium temperature (193 K at 1 atm). Rapid release of the sample pore pressure at isothermal conditions between 242 and 271 K preserves up to 93% of the hydrate for at least 24 h, reflecting the greatly suppressed rates of dissociation that characterize this regime. Subsequent warming through the H2O ice point then induces rapid and complete dissociation, allowing controlled recovery of the total expected gas yield. This behavior is in marked contrast to that exhibited by methane hydrate at both colder (193-240 K) and warmer (272-290 K) test conditions, where dissociation rates increase monotonically with increasing temperature. Anomalous preservation has potential application for successful retrieval of natural gas hydrate or hydrate-bearing sediments from remote settings, as well as for temporary low-pressure transport and storage of natural gas.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Physical Chemistry B","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"ACS","publisherLocation":"Washington, DC, United States","doi":"10.1021/jp003061s","issn":"10895647","usgsCitation":"Stern, L., Circone, S., Kirby, S.H., and Durham, W., 2001, Anomalous preservation of pure methane hydrate at 1 atm: Journal of Physical Chemistry B, v. 105, no. 9, p. 1756-1762, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp003061s.","startPage":"1756","endPage":"1762","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207384,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp003061s"},{"id":232294,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"105","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2001-02-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ec4ae4b0c8380cd49193","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stern, L.A.","contributorId":38293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stern","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Circone, S.","contributorId":35901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Circone","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kirby, S. H.","contributorId":51721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirby","given":"S.","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Durham, W.B.","contributorId":72135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Durham","given":"W.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70023526,"text":"70023526 - 2001 - Contribution of base flow to nonpoint source pollution loads in an agricultural watershed","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-17T15:14:35.127235","indexId":"70023526","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Contribution of base flow to nonpoint source pollution loads in an agricultural watershed","docAbstract":"

Nonpoint source pollution of surface water from overland flow, drainage tiles, and ground water discharge is a major cause of water quality impairment in Iowa. Nonpoint source pollution from base flow ground water was estimated in the Walnut Creek watershed by measuring chemical loads of atrazine, nitrate, chloride, and sulfate at 18 tributary creeks and 19 tiles. Loads were measured during a stable base flow period at creeks and tiles that discharged into Walnut Creek between two stream gauges. Chemical concentrations of atrazine (< 0.1−12 μg/L), nitrate (0.1 to 15 mg/L, and chloride (1.5 to 26 mg/L) in water were similar for creek and tile samples. Water draining predominantly agricultural row crop areas had much higher concentrations than water draining restored prairie areas. Three methods were used to estimate base flow discharge in the watershed: (1) Darcy flux; (2) watershed discharge budget; and (3) discharge-drainage area; each yielded similar results (31.2 L/s to 62.3 L/s). Base flow loads to the main channel were estimated by subtracting the loads from the upstream gauge; creeks and tiles, from the total load measured at the downstream gauge station. Base flow concentration for atrazine ranged from 0.15 to 0.29 μg/L and sulfate concentration ranged from 32 to 64 mg/L, whereas concentrations for nitrate and chloride were negative (−1 to −4 mg/L). Calculated base flow concentrations of atrazine and sulfate appeared to be reasonable estimates, but negative concentrations of nitrate and chloride imply either loss of chemical mass in the stream from upstream to downstream sampling points or measurement error. Load data suggest little contribution from base flow pollutants to Walnut Creek water quality, with most of the pollutant load derived from major tributary creeks. Results from this study have implication for determining total maximum daily loads in agricultural watersheds where contributions from point sources (creeks and tiles) can be used to estimate loads from nonpoint source ground water inputs.

","language":"English","publisher":"National Ground Water Association","publisherLocation":"Westerville, OH, United States","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2001.tb00350.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Schilling, K.E., and Wolter, C., 2001, Contribution of base flow to nonpoint source pollution loads in an agricultural watershed: Ground Water, v. 39, no. 1, p. 49-58, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2001.tb00350.x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"49","endPage":"58","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232293,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa","otherGeospatial":"Walnut Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.00245666503906,\n 41.534796133205184\n ],\n [\n -93.58428955078125,\n 41.534796133205184\n ],\n [\n -93.58428955078125,\n 41.70521588311188\n ],\n [\n -94.00245666503906,\n 41.70521588311188\n ],\n [\n -94.00245666503906,\n 41.534796133205184\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"39","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fa81e4b0c8380cd4db2e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schilling, K. E.","contributorId":61982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schilling","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wolter, C.F.","contributorId":23301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolter","given":"C.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70023524,"text":"70023524 - 2001 - Methyl t-Butyl Ether Mineralization in Surface-Water Sediment Microcosms under Denitrifying Conditions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-03T09:24:31","indexId":"70023524","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":850,"text":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Methyl t-Butyl Ether Mineralization in Surface-Water Sediment Microcosms under Denitrifying Conditions","docAbstract":"Mineralization of [U-14C] methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) to 14CO2 without accumulation of t-butyl alcohol (TBA) was observed in surface-water sediment microcosms under denitrifying conditions. Methanogenic activity and limited transformation of MTBE to TBA were observed in the absence of denitrification. Results indicate that bed sediment microorganisms can effectively degrade MTBE to nontoxic products under denitrifying conditions.","language":"English","publisher":"ASM","doi":"10.1128/AEM.67.4.1975-1978.2001","issn":"00992240","usgsCitation":"Bradley, P., Chapelle, F.H., and Landmeyer, J., 2001, Methyl t-Butyl Ether Mineralization in Surface-Water Sediment Microcosms under Denitrifying Conditions: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, v. 67, no. 4, p. 1975-1978, https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.67.4.1975-1978.2001.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1975","endPage":"1978","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478930,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/92824","text":"External Repository"},{"id":232254,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":207361,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.67.4.1975-1978.2001"}],"volume":"67","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5613e4b0c8380cd6d33d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bradley, P. M. 0000-0001-7522-8606","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7522-8606","contributorId":29465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"P. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chapelle, F. H.","contributorId":101697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapelle","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Landmeyer, J. E.","contributorId":91140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landmeyer","given":"J. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70023523,"text":"70023523 - 2001 - A partition-limited model for the plant uptake of organic contaminants from soil and water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-30T05:41:03","indexId":"70023523","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A partition-limited model for the plant uptake of organic contaminants from soil and water","docAbstract":"

In dealing with the passive transport of organic contaminants from soils to plants (including crops), a partition-limited model is proposed in which (i) the maximum (equilibrium) concentration of a contaminant in any location in the plant is determined by partition equilibrium with its concentration in the soil interstitial water, which in turn is determined essentially by the concentration in the soil organic matter (SOM) and (ii) the extent of approach to partition equilibrium, as measured by the ratio of the contaminant concentrations in plant water and soil interstitial water, αpt (≤ 1), depends on the transport rate of the contaminant in soil water into the plant and the volume of soil water solution that is required for the plant contaminant level to reach equilibrium with the external soil-water phase. Through reasonable estimates of plant organic-water compositions and of contaminant partition coefficients with various plant components, the model accounts for calculated values of αpt in several published crop-contamination studies, including near-equilibrium values (i.e., αpt ≅ 1) for relatively water-soluble contaminants and lower values for much less soluble contaminants; the differences are attributed to the much higher partition coefficients of the less soluble compounds between plant lipids and plant water, which necessitates much larger volumes of the plant water transport for achieving the equilibrium capacities. The model analysis indicates that for plants with high water contents the plant-water phase acts as the major reservoir for highly water-soluble contaminants. By contrast, the lipid in a plant, even at small amounts, is usually the major reservoir for highly water-insoluble contaminants.

","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es0017561","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Chiou, C.T., Sheng, G., and Manes, M., 2001, A partition-limited model for the plant uptake of organic contaminants from soil and water: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 35, no. 7, p. 1437-1444, https://doi.org/10.1021/es0017561.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1437","endPage":"1444","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":232253,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":207360,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es0017561"}],"volume":"35","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2001-03-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e4d3e4b0c8380cd46959","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chiou, C. T.","contributorId":97080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chiou","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sheng, G.","contributorId":70961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sheng","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Manes, M.","contributorId":17390,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manes","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70023150,"text":"70023150 - 2001 - Nature and transformation of dissolved organic matter in treatment wetlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-03T09:03:20","indexId":"70023150","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nature and transformation of dissolved organic matter in treatment wetlands","docAbstract":"This investigation into the occurrence, character, and transformation of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in treatment wetlands in the western United States shows that (i) the nature of DOM in the source water has a major influence on transformations that occur during treatment, (ii) the climate factors have a secondary effect on transformations, (iii) the wetlands receiving treated wastewater can produce a net increase in DOM, and (iv) the hierarchical analytical approach used in this study can measure the subtle DOM transformations that occur. As wastewater treatment plant effluent passes through treatment wetlands, the DOM undergoes transformation to become more aromatic and oxygenated. Autochthonous sources are contributed to the DOM, the nature of which is governed by the developmental stage of the wetland system as well as vegetation patterns. Concentrations of specific wastewaterderived organic contaminants such as linear alkylbenzene sulfonate, caffeine, and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid were significantly attenuated by wetland treatment and were not contributed by internal loading.","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es010518i","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Barber, L.B., Leenheer, J., Noyes, T., and Stiles, E., 2001, Nature and transformation of dissolved organic matter in treatment wetlands: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 35, no. 24, p. 4805-4816, https://doi.org/10.1021/es010518i.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"4805","endPage":"4816","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":233772,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":208209,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es010518i"}],"volume":"35","issue":"24","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2001-11-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6399e4b0c8380cd725bc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barber, L. B.","contributorId":64602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barber","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leenheer, J.A.","contributorId":75123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leenheer","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Noyes, T.I.","contributorId":54971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noyes","given":"T.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stiles, E.A.","contributorId":42353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stiles","given":"E.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70023522,"text":"70023522 - 2001 - Effect of depth-dependent shear modulus on tsunami generation along subduction zones","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:01","indexId":"70023522","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of depth-dependent shear modulus on tsunami generation along subduction zones","docAbstract":"Estimates of the initial size of tsunamis generated by subduction zone earthquakes are significantly affected by the choice of shear modulus at shallow depths. Analysis of over 360 circum-Pacific subduction zone earthquakes indicates that for a given seismic moment, source duration increases significantly with decreasing depth (Bilek and Lay, 1998; 1999). Under the assumption that stress drop is constant, the increase of source duration is explained by a 5-fold reduction of shear modulus from depths of 20 km to 5 km. This much lower value of shear modulus at shallow depths in comparison to standard earth models has the effect of increasing the amount of slip estimated from seismic moment determinations, thereby increasing tsunami amplitude. The effect of using depth dependent shear modulus values is tested by modeling the tsunami from the 1992 Nicaraguan tsunami earthquake using a previously determined moment distribution (lhmle??, 1996a). We find that the tide gauge record of this tsunami is well matched by synthetics created using the depth dependent shear modulus and moment distribution. Because excitation of seismic waves also depends on elastic heterogeneity, it is important, particularly for the inversion of short period waves, that a consistent seismic/tsunami shear modulus model be used for calculating slip distributions.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2000GL012385","issn":"00948276","usgsCitation":"Geist, E., and Bilek, S., 2001, Effect of depth-dependent shear modulus on tsunami generation along subduction zones: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 28, no. 7, p. 1315-1318, https://doi.org/10.1029/2000GL012385.","startPage":"1315","endPage":"1318","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":478941,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2000gl012385","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":207342,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000GL012385"},{"id":232218,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a05cfe4b0c8380cd50f91","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Geist, E.L. 0000-0003-0611-1150","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0611-1150","contributorId":71993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geist","given":"E.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bilek, S.L.","contributorId":89169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bilek","given":"S.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70023520,"text":"70023520 - 2001 - Strong motion instrumentation of an RC building structure","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:01","indexId":"70023520","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1433,"text":"Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Strong motion instrumentation of an RC building structure","docAbstract":"The strong-motion instrumentation scheme of a reinforced concrete building observed by California Strong-Motion Instrumentation Program (CSMIP) is introduced in this paper. The instrumented building is also described and the recorded responses during 1994 Northridge earthquake are provided.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"Chinese","issn":"10001301","usgsCitation":"Li, H., and Çelebi, M., 2001, Strong motion instrumentation of an RC building structure: Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, v. 21, no. 4, p. 35-39.","startPage":"35","endPage":"39","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232216,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9b8ae4b08c986b31cf61","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Li, H.-J.","contributorId":28041,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Li","given":"H.-J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Çelebi, M.","contributorId":36946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Çelebi","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70023519,"text":"70023519 - 2001 - Uncertainty in coal property valuation in West Virginia: A case study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-01T15:17:29","indexId":"70023519","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2700,"text":"Mathematical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Uncertainty in coal property valuation in West Virginia: A case study","docAbstract":"Interpolated grids of coal bed thickness are being considered for use in a proposed method for taxation of coal in the state of West Virginia (United States). To assess the origin and magnitude of possible inaccuracies in calculated coal tonnage, we used conditional simulation to generate equiprobable realizations of net coal thickness for two coals on a 7 1/2 min topographic quadrangle, and a third coal in a second quadrangle. Coals differed in average thickness and proportion of original coal that had been removed by erosion; all three coals crop out in the study area. Coal tonnage was calculated for each realization and for each interpolated grid for actual and artificial property parcels, and differences were summarized as graphs of percent difference between tonnage calculated from the grid and average tonnage from simulations. Coal in individual parcels was considered minable for valuation purposes if average thickness in each parcel exceeded 30 inches. Results of this study show that over 75% of the parcels are classified correctly as minable or unminable based on interpolation grids of coal bed thickness. Although between 80 and 90% of the tonnages differ by less than 20% between interpolated values and simulated values, a nonlinear conditional bias might exist in estimation of coal tonnage from interpolated thickness, such that tonnage is underestimated where coal is thin, and overestimated where coal is thick. The largest percent differences occur for parcels that are small in area, although because of the small quantities of coal in question, bias is small on an absolute scale for these parcels. For a given parcel size, maximum apparent overestimation of coal tonnage occurs in parcels with an average coal bed thickness near the minable cutoff of 30 in. Conditional bias in tonnage for parcels having a coal thickness exceeding the cutoff by 10 in. or more is constant for two of the three coals studied, and increases slightly with average thickness for the third coal. ?? 2001 International Association for Mathematical Geology.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mathematical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1023/A:1007535301969","issn":"08828121","usgsCitation":"Hohn, M., and McDowell, R., 2001, Uncertainty in coal property valuation in West Virginia: A case study: Mathematical Geology, v. 33, no. 2, p. 191-216, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1007535301969.","startPage":"191","endPage":"216","numberOfPages":"26","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232215,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":268641,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007535301969"}],"volume":"33","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbc24e4b08c986b328a65","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hohn, M.E.","contributorId":98470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hohn","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McDowell, R.R.","contributorId":9807,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDowell","given":"R.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70023518,"text":"70023518 - 2001 - A simple algorithm for sequentially incorporating gravity observations in seismic traveltime tomography","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-17T16:30:10.25075","indexId":"70023518","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2020,"text":"International Geology Review","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A simple algorithm for sequentially incorporating gravity observations in seismic traveltime tomography","docAbstract":"The geologic structure of the Earth's upper crust can be revealed by modeling variation in seismic arrival times and in potential field measurements. We demonstrate a simple method for sequentially satisfying seismic traveltime and observed gravity residuals in an iterative 3-D inversion. The algorithm is portable to any seismic analysis method that uses a gridded representation of velocity structure. Our technique calculates the gravity anomaly resulting from a velocity model by converting to density with Gardner's rule. The residual between calculated and observed gravity is minimized by weighted adjustments to the model velocity-depth gradient where the gradient is steepest and where seismic coverage is least. The adjustments are scaled by the sign and magnitude of the gravity residuals, and a smoothing step is performed to minimize vertical streaking. The adjusted model is then used as a starting model in the next seismic traveltime iteration. The process is repeated until one velocity model can simultaneously satisfy both the gravity anomaly and seismic traveltime observations within acceptable misfits. We test our algorithm with data gathered in the Puget Lowland of Washington state, USA (Seismic Hazards Investigation in Puget Sound [SHIPS] experiment). We perform resolution tests with synthetic traveltime and gravity observations calculated with a checkerboard velocity model using the SHIPS experiment geometry, and show that the addition of gravity significantly enhances resolution. We calculate a new velocity model for the region using SHIPS traveltimes and observed gravity, and show examples where correlation between surface geology and modeled subsurface velocity structure is enhanced.","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/00206810109465061","issn":"00206814","usgsCitation":"Parsons, T., Blakely, R., and Brocher, T., 2001, A simple algorithm for sequentially incorporating gravity observations in seismic traveltime tomography: International Geology Review, v. 43, no. 12, p. 1073-1086, https://doi.org/10.1080/00206810109465061.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1073","endPage":"1086","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232175,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Puget Sound","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.68408203124999,\n 46.924007100770275\n ],\n [\n -121.47033691406249,\n 46.924007100770275\n ],\n [\n -121.47033691406249,\n 48.23199134320962\n ],\n [\n -123.68408203124999,\n 48.23199134320962\n ],\n [\n -123.68408203124999,\n 46.924007100770275\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"43","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e58ae4b0c8380cd46de5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parsons, T.","contributorId":48288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parsons","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blakely, R.J. 0000-0003-1701-5236","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1701-5236","contributorId":70755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blakely","given":"R.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brocher, T.M. 0000-0002-9740-839X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9740-839X","contributorId":69994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brocher","given":"T.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70023516,"text":"70023516 - 2001 - Potential artifacts in interpretation of differential breakthrough of colloids and dissolved tracers in the context of transport in a zero-valent iron permeable reactive barrier","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-03T09:30:36","indexId":"70023516","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Potential artifacts in interpretation of differential breakthrough of colloids and dissolved tracers in the context of transport in a zero-valent iron permeable reactive barrier","docAbstract":"Many published studies have used visual comparison of the timing of peak breakthrough of colloids versus conservative dissolved tracers (hereafter referred to as dissolved tracers or tracers) in subsurface media to determine whether they are advected differently, and to elucidate the mechanisms of differential advection. This purely visual approach of determining differential advection may have artifacts, however, due to the attachment of colloids to subsurface media. The attachment of colloids to subsurface media may shift the colloidal peak breakthrough to earlier times, causing an apparent \"faster\" peak breakthrough of colloids relative to dissolve tracers even though the transport velocities for the colloids and the dissolved tracers may actually be equivalent. In this paper, a peak shift analysis was presented to illustrate the artifacts associated with the purely visual approach in determining differential advection, and to quantify the peak shift due to colloid attachment. This peak shift analysis was described within the context of microsphere and bromide transport within a zero-valent iron (ZVI) permeable reactive barrier (PRB) located in Fry Canyon, Utah. Application of the peak shift analysis to the field microsphere and bromide breakthrough data indicated that differential advection of the microspheres relative to the bromide occurred in the monitoring wells closest to the injection well in the PRB. It was hypothesized that the physical heterogeneity at the grain scale, presumably arising from differences in inter- versus intra-particle porosity, contributed to the differential advection of the microspheres versus the bromide in the PRB. The relative breakthrough (RB) of microspheres at different wells was inversely related to the ionic strength of ground water at these wells, in agreement with numerous studies showing that colloid attachment is directly related to solution ionic strength.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2001.tb02471.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Zhang, P., Johnson, W., Piana, M., Fuller, C.C., and Naftz, D.L., 2001, Potential artifacts in interpretation of differential breakthrough of colloids and dissolved tracers in the context of transport in a zero-valent iron permeable reactive barrier: Ground Water, v. 39, no. 6, p. 831-840, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2001.tb02471.x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"831","endPage":"840","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":232136,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7ebde4b0c8380cd7a703","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhang, P.","contributorId":92822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, W.P.","contributorId":43315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"W.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Piana, M.J.","contributorId":22940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piana","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fuller, C. C.","contributorId":29858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Naftz, D. L.","contributorId":40624,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naftz","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70023506,"text":"70023506 - 2001 - Tectonic controls on large landslide complex: Williams Fork Mountains near Dillon, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:11","indexId":"70023506","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1801,"text":"Geomorphology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tectonic controls on large landslide complex: Williams Fork Mountains near Dillon, Colorado","docAbstract":"An extensive (~ 25 km2) landslide complex covers a large area on the west side of the Williams Fork Mountains in central Colorado. The complex is deeply weathered and incised, and in most places geomorphic evidence of sliding (breakaways, hummocky topography, transverse ridges, and lobate distal zones) are no longer visible, indicating that the main mass of the slide has long been inactive. However, localized Holocene reactivation of the landslide deposits is common above the timberline (at about 3300 m) and locally at lower elevations. Clasts within the complex, as long as several tens of meters, are entirely of crystalline basement (Proterozoic gneiss and granitic rocks) from the hanging wall of the Laramide (Late Cretaceous to Early Tertiary), west-directed Williams Range thrust, which forms the western structural boundary of the Colorado Front Range. Late Cretaceous shale and sandstone compose most footwall rocks. The crystalline hanging-wall rocks are pervasively fractured or shattered, and alteration to clay minerals is locally well developed. Sackung structures (trenches or small-scale grabens and upslope-facing scarps) are common near the rounded crest of the range, suggesting gravitational spreading of the fractured rocks and oversteepening of the mountain flanks. Late Tertiary and Quaternary incision of the Blue River Valley, just west of the Williams Fork Mountains, contributed to the oversteepening. Major landslide movement is suspected during periods of deglaciation when abundant meltwater increased pore-water pressure in bedrock fractures. A fault-flexure model for the development of the widespread fracturing and weakening of the Proterozoic basement proposes that the surface of the Williams Range thrust contains a concave-downward flexure, the axis of which coincides approximately with the contact in the footwall between Proterozoic basement and mostly Cretaceous rocks. Movement of brittle, hanging-wall rocks through the flexure during Laramide deformation pervasively fractured the hanging-wall rocks. ?? 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geomorphology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0169-555X(01)00067-8","issn":"0169555X","usgsCitation":"Kellogg, K., 2001, Tectonic controls on large landslide complex: Williams Fork Mountains near Dillon, Colorado: Geomorphology, v. 41, no. 4, p. 355-368, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-555X(01)00067-8.","startPage":"355","endPage":"368","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207558,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-555X(01)00067-8"},{"id":232610,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"41","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba457e4b08c986b320281","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kellogg, K.S.","contributorId":99145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kellogg","given":"K.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70023505,"text":"70023505 - 2001 - Deposition of sedimentary organic matter in black shale facies indicated by the geochemistry and petrography of high-resolution samples, blake nose, western North Atlantic","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-14T16:38:30.198915","indexId":"70023505","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"seriesTitle":{"id":11125,"text":"Special Papers of the Geological Society of London","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":24}},"title":"Deposition of sedimentary organic matter in black shale facies indicated by the geochemistry and petrography of high-resolution samples, blake nose, western North Atlantic","docAbstract":"A transect of three holes drilled across the Blake Nose, western North Atlantic Ocean, retrieved cores of black shale facies related to the Albian Oceanic Anoxic Events (OAE) lb and ld. Sedimentary organic matter (SOM) recovered from Ocean Drilling Program Hole 1049A from the eastern end of the transect showed that before black shale facies deposition organic matter preservation was a Type III-IV SOM. Petrography reveals that this SOM is composed mostly of degraded algal debris, amorphous SOM and a minor component of Type III-IV terrestrial SOM, mostly detroinertinite. When black shale facies deposition commenced, the geochemical character of the SOM changed from a relatively oxygen-rich Type III-IV to relatively hydrogen-rich Type II. Petrography, biomarker and organic carbon isotopic data indicate marine and terrestrial SOM sources that do not appear to change during the transition from light-grey calcareous ooze to the black shale facies. Black shale subfacies layers alternate from laminated to homogeneous. Some of the laminated and the poorly laminated to homogeneous layers are organic carbon and hydrogen rich as well, suggesting that at least two SOM depositional processes are influencing the black shale facies. The laminated beds reflect deposition in a low sedimentation rate (6m Ma-1) environment with SOM derived mostly from gravity settling from the overlying water into sometimes dysoxic bottom water. The source of this high hydrogen content SOM is problematic because before black shale deposition, the marine SOM supplied to the site is geochemically a Type III-IV. A clue to the source of the H-rich SOM may be the interlayering of relatively homogeneous ooze layers that have a widely variable SOM content and quality. These relatively thick, sometimes subtly graded, sediment layers are thought to be deposited from a Type II SOM-enriched sediment suspension generated by turbidities or direct turbidite deposition.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Western North Atlantic Palaeogene and Cretaceous palaeoceanography","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of London","doi":"10.1144/GSL.SP.2001.183.01.03","issn":"03058719","usgsCitation":"Barker, C., Pawlewicz, M., and Cobabe, E., 2001, Deposition of sedimentary organic matter in black shale facies indicated by the geochemistry and petrography of high-resolution samples, blake nose, western North Atlantic, chap. of Western North Atlantic Palaeogene and Cretaceous palaeoceanography: Special Papers of the Geological Society of London, v. 183, p. 49-72, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2001.183.01.03.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"49","endPage":"72","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232609,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Atlantic Ocean","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -33.22265625,\n 12.726084296948196\n ],\n [\n -33.046875,\n 60.326947742998414\n ],\n [\n -44.47265625,\n 59.80063426102869\n ],\n [\n -52.55859375,\n 66.93006025862448\n ],\n [\n -64.51171875,\n 65.87472467098549\n ],\n [\n -70.3125,\n 59.44507509904714\n ],\n [\n -58.88671875,\n 52.908902047770255\n ],\n [\n -70.6640625,\n 48.10743118848039\n ],\n [\n -81.5625,\n 33.284619968887675\n ],\n [\n -96.328125,\n 30.90222470517144\n ],\n [\n -99.31640625,\n 22.755920681486405\n ],\n [\n -95.97656249999999,\n 17.14079039331665\n ],\n [\n -85.60546875,\n 14.774882506516272\n ],\n [\n -84.0234375,\n 9.96885060854611\n ],\n [\n -79.98046875,\n 8.233237111274565\n ],\n [\n -76.640625,\n 7.18810087117902\n ],\n [\n -33.57421875,\n 5.7908968128719565\n ],\n [\n -33.22265625,\n 12.726084296948196\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"183","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2001-03-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059feb8e4b0c8380cd4eeb0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barker, C.E.","contributorId":69991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barker","given":"C.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pawlewicz, M.","contributorId":68886,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pawlewicz","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cobabe, E.A.","contributorId":6226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cobabe","given":"E.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70023504,"text":"70023504 - 2001 - Patterns of mammalian species richness and habitat associations in Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-08T12:23:08","indexId":"70023504","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Patterns of mammalian species richness and habitat associations in Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"

Landscape variables were employed as indices of habitat heterogeneity, fragmentation, and human influence on the environment to characterize constituent units of a 635 km2 grid covering the state of Pennsylvania. Species richness was determined by overlaying the distributions of all 60 terrestrial mammalian species found within the state. All landscape variables investigated were correlated with species richness. Areas with high topographic variation and low road density had the highest species richness. Species sensitive to habitat fragmentation were also associated with large forest patches and low road density. These landscape variables may be useful in identifying areas that are important for the conservation of these species. Associations between species distributions and landscape variables were substantiated by published habitat associations. Species with extremely limited distributions were not associated with landscape variables and represent special cases for conservation planners. Rare species, as defined by their limited geographical distribution, were not associated with areas of high species richness (hotspots). The utility of species richness hotspots for conservation planning is disputable. Hotspots of species richness were associated with large forest patches and low road density.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0006-3207(00)00223-8","issn":"00063207","usgsCitation":"Joly, K., and Myers, W., 2001, Patterns of mammalian species richness and habitat associations in Pennsylvania: Biological Conservation, v. 99, no. 2, p. 253-260, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-3207(00)00223-8.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"253","endPage":"260","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":232571,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","volume":"99","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a75dbe4b0c8380cd77da9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Joly, Kyle","contributorId":53117,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Joly","given":"Kyle","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12462,"text":"U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":397856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Myers, W.L.","contributorId":97676,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Myers","given":"W.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70023503,"text":"70023503 - 2001 - Modern sedimentation on the shoreface and inner continental shelf at Wrightsville Beach, North Carolina, U.S.A","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-20T17:35:44.990133","indexId":"70023503","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2451,"text":"Journal of Sedimentary Research","onlineIssn":"1938-3681","printIssn":"1527-1404","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modern sedimentation on the shoreface and inner continental shelf at Wrightsville Beach, North Carolina, U.S.A","docAbstract":"

The geologic framework and surficial morphology of the shoreface and inner continental shelf off the Wrightsville Beach, North Carolina, barrier island were mapped using high-resolution sidescan-sonar, bathymetric, and seismic-reflection surveying techniques, a suite of over 200 diver vibracores, and extensive seafloor observations by divers. The inner shelf is a sediment-starved, active surface of marine erosion; modern sediments, where present, form a patchy veneer over Tertiary and Quaternary units. The lithology of the underlying units exerts a primary control on the distribution, texture, and composition of surficial sediments, as well as inner-shelf bathymetry.

The shoreface is dominated by a linear, cross-shore morphology of rippled scour depressions (RSDs) extending from just seaward of the surf zone onto the inner shelf. On the upper shoreface, the RSDs are incised up to 1 m below surrounding areas of fine sand, and have an asymmetric cross section that is steeper-sided to the north. On the inner shelf, the RSDs have a similar but more subdued cross-sectional profile. The depressions are floored primarily by shell hash and quartz gravel. Vibracore data show a thick (up to 1.5 m) sequence of RSD sediments that unconformably overlies ancient coastal lithosomes. In this sediment-starved inner shelf setting, rippled scour depressions probably form initially on preexisting coarse-sediment substrates such as modern lag deposits of paleofluvial channel lithosomes or ancient tidal inlet thalwegs. Interannual observations of seafloor morphologic change and the longer-term record contained in vibracores suggest that the present seafloor morphology is either relatively stable or represents a recurring, preferential morphologic state to which the seafloor returns after storm-induced perturbations. The apparent stability is interpreted to be the result of interactions at several scales that contribute to a repeating, self-reinforcing pattern of forcing and sedimentary response which ultimately causes the RSDs to be maintained as sediment-starved bedforms responding to both along-shore and across-shore flows.

Sediment accumulation from over 30 years of extensive beach nourishment at Wrightsville Beach appears to have exceeded the local shoreface accommodation space, resulting in the \"leaking\" of beach and shoreface sediment to the inner shelf. A macroscopically identifiable beach nourishment sediment on the shoreface and inner shelf was used to identify the decadal-scale pattern of sediment dispersal. The nourishment sediment is present in a seaward-thinning wedge that extends from the beach over a kilometer onto the inner shelf to waters depths of 14 m. This wedge is best developed offshore of the shoreline segment that has received the greatest volume of beach nourishment.

","largerWorkTitle":"Society for Sedimentary Geology","language":"English","doi":"10.1306/032101710958","issn":"15271404","usgsCitation":"Thieler, R., Pilkey, O., Cleary, W., and Schwab, W.C., 2001, Modern sedimentation on the shoreface and inner continental shelf at Wrightsville Beach, North Carolina, U.S.A: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 71, no. 6, p. 958-970, https://doi.org/10.1306/032101710958.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"958","endPage":"970","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":232570,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Wrightsville Beach","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.81562203476128,\n 34.18743466787062\n ],\n [\n -77.81493538925368,\n 34.18388461948598\n ],\n [\n -77.80858391830607,\n 34.18629866864269\n ],\n [\n -77.80463570663616,\n 34.19254647506095\n ],\n [\n -77.79931420395098,\n 34.19921975702705\n ],\n [\n -77.7915894419882,\n 34.2084478936936\n ],\n [\n -77.78077477524015,\n 34.22491405796035\n ],\n [\n -77.76893014023032,\n 34.23910644406463\n ],\n [\n -77.76961678573794,\n 34.24237035450281\n ],\n [\n -77.77236336776905,\n 34.24336369342993\n ],\n [\n -77.78352135727124,\n 34.2288881671807\n ],\n [\n -77.79141778061111,\n 34.2171072260782\n ],\n [\n -77.79450768539637,\n 34.21597162662759\n ],\n [\n -77.79485100814986,\n 34.21157103419219\n ],\n [\n -77.80446404525973,\n 34.19879381863886\n ],\n [\n -77.81562203476128,\n 34.18743466787062\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"71","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5ca0e4b0c8380cd6fe30","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thieler, R.E.","contributorId":59988,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thieler","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pilkey, O.H. Jr.","contributorId":20931,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pilkey","given":"O.H.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cleary, W.J.","contributorId":65254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cleary","given":"W.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schwab, W. C.","contributorId":78740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwab","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70023502,"text":"70023502 - 2001 - On-line sulfur isotope analysis of organic material by direct combustion: Preliminary results and potential applications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-18T09:11:03","indexId":"70023502","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2114,"text":"Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"On-line sulfur isotope analysis of organic material by direct combustion: Preliminary results and potential applications","docAbstract":"

Sulfur isotopes have received little attention in ecology studies because plant and animal materials typically have low sulfur concentrations (< 1 wt.%) necessitating labor-intensive chemical extraction prior to analysis. To address the potential of direct combustion of organic material in an elemental analyzer coupled with a mass spectrometer, we compared results obtained by direct combustion to results obtained by sulfur extraction with Eschka's mixture. Direct combustion of peat and animal tissue gave reproducibility of better than 0.5??? and on average, values are 0.8??? higher than values obtained by Eschka extraction. Successful direct combustion of organic material appears to be a function of sample matrix and sulfur concentration. Initial results indicate that direct combustion provides fast, reliable results with minimal preparation. Pilot studies underway include defining bear diets and examining fluctuations between freshwater and brackish water in coastal environments.

","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor and Francis","doi":"10.1080/10256010108033281","usgsCitation":"Kester, C., Rye, R.O., Johnson, C.A., Schwartz, C., and Holmes, C., 2001, On-line sulfur isotope analysis of organic material by direct combustion: Preliminary results and potential applications: Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies, v. 37, no. 1, p. 53-65, https://doi.org/10.1080/10256010108033281.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"53","endPage":"65","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":232531,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":311466,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10256010108033281"}],"volume":"37","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6e1de4b0c8380cd754c6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kester, C.L.","contributorId":44874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kester","given":"C.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rye, R. O.","contributorId":66208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rye","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, C. A. 0000-0002-1334-2996","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1334-2996","contributorId":27492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"C.","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schwartz, C.H.","contributorId":24530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwartz","given":"C.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Holmes, C.H.","contributorId":9428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holmes","given":"C.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70023501,"text":"70023501 - 2001 - Temporal patterns of fish recruitment on a fringing coral reef in Virgin Islands National Park, St. John, U.S. Virgin Islands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:10","indexId":"70023501","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Temporal patterns of fish recruitment on a fringing coral reef in Virgin Islands National Park, St. John, U.S. Virgin Islands","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of Marine Science","language":"English","issn":"00074977","usgsCitation":"Miller, J., Beets, J., and Rogers, C., 2001, Temporal patterns of fish recruitment on a fringing coral reef in Virgin Islands National Park, St. John, U.S. Virgin Islands, in Bulletin of Marine Science, v. 69, no. 2, p. 567-577.","startPage":"567","endPage":"577","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232530,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"69","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba515e4b08c986b3207d1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, J.","contributorId":16939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beets, J.","contributorId":95640,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beets","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rogers, C.","contributorId":27229,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rogers","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70023500,"text":"70023500 - 2001 - Evolution of continental slope gullies on the northern California margin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-20T17:43:51.092066","indexId":"70023500","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2451,"text":"Journal of Sedimentary Research","onlineIssn":"1938-3681","printIssn":"1527-1404","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evolution of continental slope gullies on the northern California margin","docAbstract":"

A series of subparallel, downslope-trending gullies on the northern California continental slope is revealed on high-resolution seismic reflection profiles imaging the uppermost 50 m of sediment. The gullies are typically 100 m wide and have 1 to 3 m of relief. They extend for 10 to 15 km down the slope and merge into larger channels that feed the Trinity Canyon. In the lower half of the 50 m stratigraphic section, the gullies increase in both relief and number up section, to maxima at a surface 5 to 10 m below the last glacial maximum lowstand surface. Gully relief increased as interfluves aggraded more rapidly than thalwegs. Erosion is not evident in the gully bottoms, therefore gully growth was probably due to reduced sediment deposition within the gullies relative to that on interfluves. As the gullies increased in relief, their heads extended upslope toward the shelfbreak. At all times, a minimum of 10 km of non-gullied upper slope and shelf stretched between the heads of the gullies and the paleo-shoreline; the gullies did not connect with a subaerial drainage network at any time. Gully growth occurred when the gully heads were in relatively shallow water (∼ 200 m paleo-water depth) and were closest to potential sediment sources. We suggest that prior to the last glacial maximum, the Mad River, then within 10 km of the gully heads, supplied sediment to the upper slope, which fed downslope-eroding sediment flows. These flows removed sediment from nearly parallel gullies at a rate slightly slower than sediment accumulation from the Eel River, 40 km to the south. The process or processes responsible for gully growth and maintenance prior to the last glacial maximum effectively ceased following the lowstand, when sea level rose and gully heads lay in deeper water (∼ 300 m water depth), farther from potential sediment sources. During sea-level highstand, the Mad River is separated from the gully heads by a shelf 30 km wide and no longer feeds sediment flows down the gullies, which fill with sediment from the distal Eel River. Approximately one-half of the subsurface gullies have no expression on the seafloor, because they have completely filled with sediment following the last glacial maximum lowstand of sea level.

","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Sedimentary Geology","doi":"10.1306/092500710237","issn":"15271404","usgsCitation":"Spinelli, G., and Field, M., 2001, Evolution of continental slope gullies on the northern California margin: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 71, no. 2, p. 237-245, https://doi.org/10.1306/092500710237.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"237","endPage":"245","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232529,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Pacific Ocean","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.90601113183669,\n 40.36874515089852\n ],\n [\n -123.90601113183669,\n 41.99748299209827\n ],\n [\n -125.30127480371189,\n 41.99748299209827\n ],\n [\n -125.30127480371189,\n 40.36874515089852\n ],\n [\n -123.90601113183669,\n 40.36874515089852\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"71","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0d7ee4b0c8380cd53059","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Spinelli, G.A.","contributorId":29995,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spinelli","given":"G.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Field, M.E.","contributorId":27052,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Field","given":"M.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70023497,"text":"70023497 - 2001 - Influence of mining-related activities on concentrations of metals in water and sediment from streams of the Black Hills, South Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-24T14:27:41","indexId":"70023497","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of mining-related activities on concentrations of metals in water and sediment from streams of the Black Hills, South Dakota","docAbstract":"

Water and sediment samples were collected from streams in Spearfish Creek, Whitewood Creek, and Bear Butte Creek watersheds in the Black Hills, SD, an area impacted by gold mining operations. Arsenic concentrations that exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Maximum Concentration Limit of 50 μg/L for drinking water were found in water from Annie Creek, a tributary of Spearfish Creek, and from Whitewood Creek. Gold Run, a tributary of Whitewood Creek, and Annie Creek contained Se concentrations in water that exceeded the EPA Ecotox threshold of 5 μg/L and were classified as a high hazard for Se accumulation from water into the planktonic food chain and for resultant toxicity to fish and aquatic birds. Concentrations of As, Cd, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn in sediment exceeded EPA Ecotox thresholds in one or more of the watersheds suggesting potential adverse ecological effects. Sediment from Rubicon Creek, a tributary of Spearfish Creek, contained Se concentrations high enough (4.0 μg/g) to be a moderate hazard for accumulation from sediments into the benthic food chain, with resultant dietary toxicity to fish and aquatic birds. These results are discussed in light of historical mining activities and recent clean-up and reclamation efforts. Based on the results and comparisons to Ecotox tresholds, further studies of ecological effects are warranted.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s002440010142","issn":"00904341","usgsCitation":"May, T., Wiedmeyer, R., Gober, J., and Larson, S., 2001, Influence of mining-related activities on concentrations of metals in water and sediment from streams of the Black Hills, South Dakota: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 40, no. 1, p. 1-9, https://doi.org/10.1007/s002440010142.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"9","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":232488,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":207494,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002440010142"}],"volume":"40","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3b53e4b0c8380cd62429","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"May, T.W.","contributorId":75878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"May","given":"T.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wiedmeyer, Ray H.","contributorId":20096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiedmeyer","given":"Ray H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gober, J.","contributorId":49565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gober","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Larson, S.","contributorId":62180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70023496,"text":"70023496 - 2001 - Taphonomy of silicified filamentous microbes in modern geothermal sinters-Implications for identification","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-16T18:23:41","indexId":"70023496","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3000,"text":"Palaios","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Taphonomy of silicified filamentous microbes in modern geothermal sinters-Implications for identification","docAbstract":"Silicified microbes found on the discharge aprons around modern geysers and hot springs commonly appear to be preserved superbly. This can be attributed to their rapid silicification, which often begins while they are alive. In geological terms, therefore, they are silicified instantaneously. Thus, it might be expected that these microbes should be good replicas of the living organisms and, therefore, easy to identify in terms of extant taxa. Silicified microbes found on the discharge aprons around geysers and hot springs of North Island, New Zealand, are preserved through replacement and/or encrustation. Organic matter is typically absent, and examples of sheaths being partly replaced or coated by other minerals, such as iron oxide, have not yet been recognized. Accordingly, the cellular-level information needed for microbe identification must be gleaned from features preserved in the silica. Unfortunately, the silicification processes commonly destroy and/or disguise most of the taxonomic features that are necessary for reliable identification in terms of extant taxa. Silicification may, for example, obscure the presence of a sheath and/or significantly alter the size of the microbes. The loss and/or modification of such important taxonomic features means that the identification of silicified microbes is fraught with problems and must be approached with caution.","language":"English","publisher":"GeoScienceWorld","doi":"10.1669/0883-1351(2001)016<0580:TOSFMI>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Jones, B., Renaut, R.W., and Rosen, M.R., 2001, Taphonomy of silicified filamentous microbes in modern geothermal sinters-Implications for identification: Palaios, v. 16, no. 6, p. 580-592, https://doi.org/10.1669/0883-1351(2001)016<0580:TOSFMI>2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"580","endPage":"592","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232449,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba3dee4b08c986b31ff43","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, Brian","contributorId":48757,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"Brian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Renaut, Robin W.","contributorId":42754,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Renaut","given":"Robin","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rosen, Michael R.","contributorId":43096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosen","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70023495,"text":"70023495 - 2001 - Interoperability and information discovery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-22T19:28:00.873662","indexId":"70023495","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2864,"text":"New Review of Information Networking","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interoperability and information discovery","docAbstract":"

In the context of information systems, there is interoperability when the distinctions between separate information systems are not a barrier to accomplishing a task that spans those systems. Interoperability so defined implies that there are commonalities among the systems involved and that one can exploit such commonalities to achieve interoperability. The challenge of a particular interoperability task is to identify relevant commonalities among the systems involved and to devise mechanisms that exploit those commonalities.

The present paper focuses on the particular interoperability task of information discovery. The Global Information Locator Service (GILS) is described as a policy, standards, and technology framework for addressing interoperable information discovery on a global and long‐term basis. While there are many mechanisms for people to discover and use all manner of data and information resources, GILS initiatives exploit certain key commonalities that seem to be sufficient to realize useful information discovery interoperability at a global, long‐term scale.

This paper describes ten of the specific commonalities that are key to GILS initiatives. It presents some of the practical implications for organizations in various roles: content provider, system engineer, intermediary, and searcher. The paper also provides examples of interoperable information discovery as deployed using GILS in four types of information communities: bibliographic, geographic, environmental, and government.

","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/13614570109516966","issn":"13614576","usgsCitation":"Christian, E., 2001, Interoperability and information discovery: New Review of Information Networking, v. 7, p. 5-26, https://doi.org/10.1080/13614570109516966.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"5","endPage":"26","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232448,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3d4ee4b0c8380cd63478","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Christian, E.","contributorId":99318,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christian","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70023470,"text":"70023470 - 2001 - Proposed standard-weight equations for brook trout","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:10","indexId":"70023470","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Proposed standard-weight equations for brook trout","docAbstract":"Weight and length data were obtained for 113 populations of brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis across the species' geographic range in North America to estimate a standard-weight (Ws) equation for this species. Estimation was done by applying the regression-line-percentile technique to fish of 120-620 mm total length (TL). The proposed metric-unit (g and mm) equation is log10Ws = -5.186 + 3.103 log10TL; the English-unit (lb and in) equivalent is log10Ws = -3.483 + 3.103 log10TL. No systematic length bias was evident in the relative-weight values calculated from these equations.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/1548-8675(2001)021<0253:PSWEFB>2.0.CO;2","issn":"02755947","usgsCitation":"Hyatt, M., and Hubert, W., 2001, Proposed standard-weight equations for brook trout: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 21, no. 1, p. 253-254, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8675(2001)021<0253:PSWEFB>2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"253","endPage":"254","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207603,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/1548-8675(2001)021<0253:PSWEFB>2.0.CO;2"},{"id":232692,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8f45e4b0c8380cd7f676","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hyatt, M.W.","contributorId":16195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hyatt","given":"M.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hubert, W.A.","contributorId":12822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hubert","given":"W.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70023469,"text":"70023469 - 2001 - Atomic weights of the elements 1999","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-23T15:55:05.964621","indexId":"70023469","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3207,"text":"Pure and Applied Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Atomic weights of the elements 1999","docAbstract":"The biennial review of atomic-weight, Ar(E), determinations and other cognate data have resulted in changes for the standard atomic weights of the following elements: Presented are updated tables of the standard atomic weights and their uncertainties estimated by combining experimental uncertainties and terrestrial variabilities. In addition, this report again contains an updated table of relative atomic-mass values and half-lives of selected radioisotopes. Changes in the evaluated isotopic abundance values from those published in 1997 are so minor that an updated list will not be published for the year 1999. Many elements have a different isotopic composition in some nonterrestrial materials. Some recent data on parent nuclides that might affect isotopic abundances or atomic-weight values are included in this report for the information of the interested scientific community.","language":"English","publisher":"De Gruyter","doi":"10.1351/pac200173040667","issn":"00334545","usgsCitation":"Coplen, T., 2001, Atomic weights of the elements 1999: Pure and Applied Chemistry, v. 73, no. 4, p. 667-683, https://doi.org/10.1351/pac200173040667.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"667","endPage":"683","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":478924,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1351/pac200173040667","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":232691,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"73","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eec8e4b0c8380cd49f63","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coplen, T.B.","contributorId":34147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coplen","given":"T.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70023467,"text":"70023467 - 2001 - Thermal maturity patterns in New York State using CAI and %Ro","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:09","indexId":"70023467","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2897,"text":"Northeastern Geology and Environmental Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Thermal maturity patterns in New York State using CAI and %Ro","docAbstract":"New conodont alteration index (CAI) and vitrinite reflectance (%Ro) data collected from drill holes in the Appalachian basin of New York State allow refinement of thermal maturity maps for Ordovician and Devonian rocks. CAI isotherms on the new maps show a pattern that approximates that published by Harris et al. (1978) in eastern and western New York, but it differs in central New York, where the isotherms are shifted markedly westward by more than 100 km and are more tightly grouped. This close grouping of isograds reflects a steeper thermal gradient than previously noted by Harris et al. (1978) and agrees closely with the abrupt west-to-east increase in thermal maturity across New York noted by Johnsson (1986). These data show, in concordance with previous studies, that thermal maturity levels in these rocks are higher than can be explained by simple burial heating beneath the present thickness of overburden. The Ordovician and Devonian rocks of the Appalachian Basin in New York must have been buried by very thick post-Devonian sediments (4-6 km suggested by Sarwar and Friedman 1995) or were exposed to a higher-than-normal geothermal flux caused by crustal extension, or a combination of the two.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Northeastern Geology and Environmental Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"01941453","usgsCitation":"Weary, D., Ryder, R.T., and Nyahay, R., 2001, Thermal maturity patterns in New York State using CAI and %Ro: Northeastern Geology and Environmental Sciences, v. 23, no. 4, p. 356-376.","startPage":"356","endPage":"376","numberOfPages":"21","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232689,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb248e4b08c986b3256c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weary, D. J.","contributorId":40617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weary","given":"D. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ryder, R. T.","contributorId":96673,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryder","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nyahay, R.E.","contributorId":38405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nyahay","given":"R.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70023466,"text":"70023466 - 2001 - Water source to four U.S. wetlands: Implications for wetland management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:10","indexId":"70023466","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Water source to four U.S. wetlands: Implications for wetland management","docAbstract":"Results of long-term field studies of wetlands in four different hydrogeologic and climatic settings in the United States indicate that each has considerably different sources of water, which affects their response to climate variability and land-use practices. A fen wetland in New Hampshire is supplied almost entirely by ground water that originates as seepage from Mirror Lake; therefore, stream discharge from the fen closely follows the pattern of Mirror Lake stage fluctuations. A fen wetland in northern Minnesota is supplied largely by discharge from a regional ground-water flow system that has its recharge area 1 to 2 km to the east. Because of the size of this wetland's ground-water watershed, stream discharge from the fen has little variability. A prairie-pothole wetland in North Dakota receives more than 90 percent of its water from precipitation and loses more than 90 percent of its water to evapotranspiration, resulting in highly variable seasonal and annual water levels. A wetland in the sandhills of Nebraska lies in a regional ground-water flow field that extends for tens of kilometers and that contains numerous lakes and wetlands. The wetland receives water that moves through the ground-water system from the upgradient lakes and from ground water in local flow systems that are recharged between the lakes. The difference in sources of water to these wetlands implies that they would require different techniques to protect their water supply and water quality.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wetlands","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"02775212","usgsCitation":"Winter, T.C., Rosenberry, D., Buso, D., and Merk, D., 2001, Water source to four U.S. wetlands: Implications for wetland management: Wetlands, v. 21, no. 4, p. 462-473.","startPage":"462","endPage":"473","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232650,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bcc74e4b08c986b32db60","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Winter, T. C.","contributorId":23485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winter","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rosenberry, D.O. 0000-0003-0681-5641","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-5641","contributorId":38500,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberry","given":"D.O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":397749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Buso, D.C.","contributorId":31392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buso","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Merk, D.A.","contributorId":86357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merk","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70023465,"text":"70023465 - 2001 - Use of 17O/16O to trace atmospherically-deposited sulfate in surface waters: A case study in alpine watersheds in the Rocky Mountains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-10-12T17:16:08","indexId":"70023465","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of 17O/16O to trace atmospherically-deposited sulfate in surface waters: A case study in alpine watersheds in the Rocky Mountains","docAbstract":"Building on the discovery of excess 17O in atmospheric sulfate by Lee et al. (2001), we have carried out a case study to determine whether 17O might provide a new tool for quantifying the impact of atmospheric deposition on surface-water sulfate loads. In Rocky Mountain alpine regions, excess 17O was found to be characteristics of atmospheric sulfate deposited in snow. Excess 17O was also evident in stream sulfate in one of two high-elevation watersheds where analyses were made. Isotope mass balance calculations gave surprizingly low atmospheric contributions to stream sulfate suggesting that (1) despite abundant outcrop and sparse soil in these areas, significant sulfate may be taken up and released by soil microbes before being exported in streams, and (2) surface waters can carry multiple non-atmospheric sulfate types, some possibly anthropogenic. Measurements of 17O may prove very useful in studies of sulfate behavior in a variety of surficial environments.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2001GL012966","issn":"00948276","usgsCitation":"Johnson, C.A., Mast, M., and Kester, C., 2001, Use of 17O/16O to trace atmospherically-deposited sulfate in surface waters: A case study in alpine watersheds in the Rocky Mountains: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 28, no. 23, p. 4483-4486, https://doi.org/10.1029/2001GL012966.","startPage":"4483","endPage":"4486","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":478915,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2001gl012966","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":207582,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001GL012966"},{"id":232649,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"23","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbe54e4b08c986b329526","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, C. A. 0000-0002-1334-2996","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1334-2996","contributorId":27492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"C.","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mast, M.A.","contributorId":67871,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mast","given":"M.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kester, C.L.","contributorId":44874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kester","given":"C.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}