The upper Middle Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous Gravina belt lies along the eastern margin of the Alexander terrane in southeastern Alaska. This group of turbidites and mafic to intermediate volcanic rocks was deformed during mid to Late Cretaceous time during the closing of a basin of unknown size between the Alexander terrane on the west and the Stikine terrane to the east. Therefore structures of Gravina belt rocks largely reflect the final accretion and subsequent transport of the Alexander terrane. Six geologic transects across the central Gravina belt (southern Mitkof Island to northern Douglas Island) define a structural history that includes (1) syndepositional soft-sediment folding and faulting, possibly in conjunction with block tilting and extension; (2) tight to isoclinal folding or thrust faulting, with formation of a slaty cleavage (S1) striking ∼330°; (3) local coaxial refolding with formation of crenulation cleavage (S2); (4) development of domainal crenulation folds and cleavage (S3) oriented at a large angle to the margin of the belt; (5) intrusion of tonalitic plutons around 90 Ma; and (6) right-lateral strike-slip displacement on faults oriented ∼330°. Finite strain measurements on sedimentary rocks suggest the belt was at least twice its present width, normal to the foliation, before deformation. Subhorizontal margin-parallel fold axes, margin-parallel slaty cleavage, and margin-perpendicular stretching lineations suggest orthogonal contraction of the Gravina basin, assuming that oblique plate convergence was not decoupled along strike-slip faults. After contractional deformation, strike-slip faults indicate dextral displacement (probably of the order of several tens of kilometers) of the Alexander terrane with respect to the terranes to the east. Domainal crenulation folds and cleavages at a high angle to the margin of the belt suggest that the change in convergence directions occurred while the rocks (presently at the surface) could still plastically deform. This kinematic interpretation of structures is consistent with changes in plate motions [Engebretson et al., 1985]. Before 100 Ma, the convergence directions between the Kula and North America plates were at a high angle to the continental margin, whereas after 100 Ma, convergence directions were at a small angle to the continental margin. In addition, after 100 Ma, the Kula-North America, and not the Farallon-North America, convergence direction is most compatible with a N-S principal paleostress orientation derived from inversion of strike-slip fault data. This relationship suggests that it may have been the Kula plate that drove northward transport of the Alexander terrane along the margin of North America.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/92TC01107","usgsCitation":"Haeussler, P.J., 1992, Structural evolution of an arc-basin: The Gravina Belt in central southeastern Alaska: Tectonics, v. 11, no. 6, p. 1245-1265, https://doi.org/10.1029/92TC01107.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"1245","endPage":"1265","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337548,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Alexander terrane","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -135.92998305119977,\n 58.76028709475264\n ],\n [\n -135.92998305119977,\n 56.61312544505941\n ],\n [\n -133.71072320749985,\n 56.61312544505941\n ],\n [\n -133.71072320749985,\n 58.76028709475264\n ],\n [\n -135.92998305119977,\n 58.76028709475264\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"11","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c90130e4b0849ce97abd57","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haeussler, Peter J. 0000-0002-1503-6247 pheuslr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-6247","contributorId":503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeussler","given":"Peter","email":"pheuslr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":684323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70162371,"text":"70162371 - 1992 - Preliminary damage and intensity survey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-04T16:46:23","indexId":"70162371","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1437,"text":"Earthquakes & Volcanoes (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Preliminary damage and intensity survey","docAbstract":"A major earthquake struck the Mojave Desert region in southern California at about 5 a.m. local time on June 28th, 1992. Seismologists located the epicenter of the magnitude 7.6 (Ms) earthquake 5-10km southwest of Landers, a small community about 150km east of Los Angeles. the earthquake shook a wide area of southern California, southern Nevada, western Arizona, and extreme northwest Mexico. High-rise buildings swayed in cities as far north as Boise, Idaho, and as far east as Albuquerque, New Mexico, and Denver, Colorado. Standing waves called seiches disturbed the surface of lakes and bays as far away as Washington State and the Gulf Coast of Texas. In United States, the Landers shock was felt over a contiguous land area approximately 103.600km2. Approximately 3 hrs after the Landers earthquake, a magntude 6.7 (Ms) aftershock struck an area near Big Bear Lake, California, less than 50 km from the main-shcok epicenter. Within its epicentral area this afterhoskc caused consideralbe damage.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Brewer, L.R., 1992, Preliminary damage and intensity survey: Earthquakes & Volcanoes (USGS), v. 23, no. 5, p. 219-226.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"219","endPage":"226","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":314651,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.05657958984375,\n 34.40237742424137\n ],\n [\n -115.96343994140625,\n 34.40917568058836\n ],\n [\n -115.93597412109374,\n 33.667211101197545\n ],\n [\n -116.96319580078125,\n 33.74946419232578\n ],\n [\n -117.05932617187499,\n 34.384246040152206\n ],\n [\n -117.05657958984375,\n 34.40237742424137\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"23","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56a20f4ee4b0961cf2811c1b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brewer, L. R.","contributorId":89506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brewer","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70016567,"text":"70016567 - 1992 - Paleomagnetic data bearing on the origin of arcuate structures in the French Peak-Massachusetts Mountain area of southern Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-26T22:56:53.251112","indexId":"70016567","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Paleomagnetic data bearing on the origin of arcuate structures in the French Peak-Massachusetts Mountain area of southern Nevada","docAbstract":"The eastern margin of the Yucca Flat basin, in southern Nevada, is bounded by north-northwest-striking tilted fault blocks of the Halfpint Range whose strikes curve as much as 90° clockwise into east-northeast strikes in the French Peak-Massachusetts Mountain (FPMM) area. This pattern of arcuate structures has been attributed to clockwise drag along a postulated northwest-trending, right-lateral shear zone. The flexure model implies that rocks within the FPMM area were rotated strongly clockwise about a vertical axis. Directions of remanent magnetization of the middle Miocene Ammonia Tanks and Rainier Mesa Members of the Timber Mountain Tuff and of the Topopah Spring Member of the Paintbrush Tuff indicate no systematic vertical-axis rotation in the FPMM area and disprove the flexure model. After tilt correction, declinations of 29 site means obtained from the three ash-flow sheets in the FPMM area are not systematically different than declinations of 17 site means from the Halfpint Range or declinations of 16 site means from little-deformed mesa areas to the west. The paleomagnetic data thus indicate that structures in the FPMM area initiated with arcuate trends and were not originally straight elements that were rotated by right-lateral drag. The structures probably formed under the influence of spatially variable stress fields. The FPMM area lies in an accommodation zone between domains of oppositely tilted extensional fault blocks. Interaction between stress fields associated with propagating normal-fault zones may have been responsible for the arcuate structures in the FPMM area.
Volcanologic, petrologic, and paleomagnetic studies of widespread Jurassic ash-flow sheets in the Huachuca-southern Dragoon Mountains area have led to identification of four large source calderas and associated comagmatic intracaldera intrusions. Stratigraphic, facies, and contact features of the caldera-related tuffs also provide constraints on the locations, lateral displacements, and very existence for some major northwest-trending faults and inferred regional thrusts in south-eastern Arizona. For example, the intricate Cochise thrust system, as mapped by others in the southern Dragoon Mountains, consists instead of primary depositional contacts within caldera-fill megabreccia, and the inferred regional thrusts do not exist, at least as previously interpreted. Silicic alkalic compositions of the Jurassic caldera-related, ash-flow tuffs; bimodal associated mafic magmatism; and interstratified coarse sedimentary deposits provide evidence for synvolcanic extension and rifting within the Cordilleran magmatic arc. Gold-copper mineralization is associated with subvolcanic intrusions at several of the Jurassic calderas.
Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3321 College Avenue
Davie, FL 33314
We monitored lead exposure in Eastern Prairie Population Canada geese during summer-winter, 1986-1987 and 1987-1988 at 5 areas. Blood lead concentrations in geese trapped during summer at Cape Churchill Manitoba were below levels indicative of recent lead exposure (0.18 ppm). Geese exposed to lead (≥0.18 ppm blood lead) increased to 7.6% at Oak Hammock Wildlife Management Area (WMA), southern Manitoba, where lead shot was still in use, and to 10.0% at Roseau River WMA, northern Minnesota, when fall-staging geese were close to a source of lead shot in Manitoba. Proportion of birds exposed to lead dropped to <2% at Lac Qui Parle WMA, Minnesota, a steel shot zone since 1980. On the wintering grounds at Swan Lake National Wildlife Refuge in Missouri, 4.9% of all geese showed exposure to lead before the hunting season. Lead exposure rose to 10.0% after hunting ended and then decreased to 5.2% in late winter. Incidence of lead shot in gizzards and concentrations of lead in livers supported blood assay data. Soil samples indicated that lead shot continues to be available to geese at Swan Lake, even though the area was established as a non-toxic shot zone in 1978. Steel shot zones have reduced lead exposure in the Eastern Prairie Population, but lead shot persists in the environment and continues to account for lead exposure and mortality in Eastern Prairie Population Canada geese.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","usgsCitation":"DeStefano, S., Brand, C.J., Rusch, D., Finley, D.L., and Gillespie, M.M., 1991, Lead exposure in Canada geese of the eastern prairie population: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 19, no. 1, p. 23-32.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"23","endPage":"32","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":258883,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":258865,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/3782411","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States, Canada","state":"Minnesota, Manitoba","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -96.15234375,\n 43.45291889355465\n ],\n [\n -90.52734374999999,\n 43.644025847699496\n ],\n [\n -92.197265625,\n 46.37725420510028\n ],\n [\n -88.9453125,\n 48.69096039092549\n ],\n [\n -94.39453125,\n 49.49667452747045\n ],\n [\n -95.00976562499999,\n 51.83577752045248\n ],\n [\n -95.2734375,\n 55.7765730186677\n ],\n [\n -93.603515625,\n 58.722598828043374\n ],\n [\n -94.482421875,\n 59.93300042374631\n ],\n [\n -102.39257812499999,\n 59.977005492196\n ],\n [\n -103.095703125,\n 56.31653672211301\n ],\n [\n -102.83203125,\n 51.069016659603896\n ],\n [\n -100.81054687499999,\n 48.574789910928864\n ],\n [\n -97.822265625,\n 48.40003249610685\n ],\n [\n -96.767578125,\n 46.92025531537451\n ],\n [\n -96.15234375,\n 43.45291889355465\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"19","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a45b8e4b0c8380cd67491","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DeStefano, S.","contributorId":84309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeStefano","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brand, C. J.","contributorId":8788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brand","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rusch, D. H.","contributorId":19897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rusch","given":"D. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Finley, Daniel L.","contributorId":103155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finley","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gillespie, Murray M.","contributorId":108064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gillespie","given":"Murray","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":5222592,"text":"5222592 - 1991 - Gray wolf density and its association with weights and hematology of pups from 1970 to 1988","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-24T11:59:59","indexId":"5222592","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:12","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Gray wolf density and its association with weights and hematology of pups from 1970 to 1988","docAbstract":"We examined weights and hematologic profiles of gray wolf (Canis lupus) pups and the associated wolf density in the east-central Superior National Forest of northeastern Minnesota (USA) during 1970 to 1988. We collected weight and hematologic data from 117 pups (57 females, 60 males) during 1 September to 22 November each year. The wolf density (wolves/800 km2) trend was divided into three phases: high (72 ± 7), 1970 to 1975; medium (44 ± 2), 1976 to 1983; and low (27 ± 2), 1984 to 1988. Wolf numbers declined (P = 0.0001) 39 and 63% from 1970 to 1975 to 1976 to 1983 and from 1970 to 1975 to 1984 to 1988, respectively. Weight was similar between male and female pups and did not vary as wolf density changed. Mean hemoglobin (P = 0.04), red (P = 0.0001) and white blood cells (P = 0.002), mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (P = 0.0001) did differ among the multi-annual phases of changing wolf density. Weight and hematologic data also were compared to values from captive wolf pups. The high, but declining wolf density was associated with macrocytic, normochromic anemia in wolf pups, whereas the lowest density coincided with a hypochromic anemia. Although hematologic values show promise for assessing wolf pup condition and wolf population status, they must be used cautiously until data are available from other populations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/0090-3558-27.4.630","usgsCitation":"DelGiudice, G.D., Mech, L.D., and Seal, U., 1991, Gray wolf density and its association with weights and hematology of pups from 1970 to 1988: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 27, no. 4, p. 630-636, https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-27.4.630.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"630","endPage":"636","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193977,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","otherGeospatial":"Superior National Forest","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.04394531249999,\n 47.824220149350246\n ],\n [\n -90.0604248046875,\n 48.085418575511966\n ],\n [\n -90.736083984375,\n 48.100094697973795\n ],\n [\n -90.90087890624999,\n 48.246625590713826\n ],\n [\n -91.318359375,\n 48.07807894349862\n ],\n [\n -91.549072265625,\n 48.05605376398125\n ],\n [\n -91.746826171875,\n 48.19538740833338\n ],\n [\n -92.054443359375,\n 48.330691283387175\n ],\n [\n -92.296142578125,\n 48.35989909002194\n ],\n [\n -92.296142578125,\n 48.23565029755308\n ],\n [\n -92.3675537109375,\n 48.228332127214934\n ],\n [\n -92.493896484375,\n 48.43284538647477\n ],\n [\n -92.7191162109375,\n 48.46563710044979\n ],\n [\n -92.61474609375,\n 48.5275192374508\n ],\n [\n -92.9498291015625,\n 48.60748989475176\n ],\n [\n -92.94433593749999,\n 48.1367666796927\n ],\n [\n -92.68615722656249,\n 47.868459093342956\n ],\n [\n -93.4002685546875,\n 47.468949677672484\n ],\n [\n -92.49938964843749,\n 47.17477833929903\n ],\n [\n -91.0711669921875,\n 47.431803338643334\n ],\n [\n -90.47241210937499,\n 47.73193447949174\n ],\n [\n -90.04394531249999,\n 47.824220149350246\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"27","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abae4b07f02db671f80","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DelGiudice, Glenn D.","contributorId":64582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DelGiudice","given":"Glenn","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":336628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mech, L. David 0000-0003-3944-7769 david_mech@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":2518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mech","given":"L.","email":"david_mech@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":336630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Seal, U.S.","contributorId":40564,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seal","given":"U.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":336629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70016665,"text":"70016665 - 1991 - Sedimentary facies and depositional environments of early Mesozoic Newark Supergroup basins, eastern North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-05T17:13:29.047401","indexId":"70016665","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2996,"text":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","printIssn":"0031-0182","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sedimentary facies and depositional environments of early Mesozoic Newark Supergroup basins, eastern North America","docAbstract":"The early Mesozoic Newark Supergroup consists of continental sedimentary rocks and basalt flows that occupy a NE-trending belt of elongate basins exposed in eastern North America. The basins were filled over a period of 30–40 m.y. spanning the Late Triassic to Early Jurassic, prior to the opening of the north Atlantic Ocean. The sedimentary rocks are here divided into four principal lithofacies. The alluvial-fan facies includes deposits dominated by: (1) debris flows; (2) shallow braided streams; (3) deeper braided streams (with trough crossbeds); or (4) intense bioturbation or hyperconcentrated flows (tabular, unstratified muddy sandstone). The fluvial facies include deposits of: (1) shallow, ephemeral braided streams; (2) deeper, flashflooding, braided streams (with poor sorting and crossbeds); (3) perennial braided rivers; (4) meandering rivers; (5) meandering streams (with high suspended loads); (6) overbank areas or local flood-plain lakes; or (7) local streams and/or colluvium. The lacustrine facies includes deposits of: (1) deep perennial lakes; (2) shallow perennial lakes; (3) shallow ephemeral lakes; (4) playa dry mudflats; (5) salt-encrusted saline mudflats; or (6) vegetated mudflats. The lake margin clastic facies includes deposits of: (1) birdfoot deltas; (2) stacked Gilbert-type deltas; (3) sheet deltas; (4) wave-reworked alluvial fans; or (5) wave-sorted sand sheets.
Coal deposits are present in the lake margin clastic and the lacustrine facies of Carnian age (Late Triassic) only in basins of south-central Virginia and North and South Carolina. Eolian deposits are known only from the basins in Nova Scotia and Connecticut. Evaporites (and their pseudomorphs) occur mainly in the northern basins as deposits of saline soils and less commonly of saline lakes, and some evaporite and alkaline minerals present in the Mesozoic rocks may be a result of later diagenesis. These relationships suggest climatic variations across paleolatitudes, more humid to the south where coal beds are preserved, and more arid in the north where evaporites and eolian deposits are common. Fluctuations in paleoclimate that caused lake levels to rise and fall in hydrologically closed basins are preserved as lacustrine cycles of various scales, including major shifts in the Late Triassic from a wet Carnian to an arid Norian. In contrast, fluvial deposits were mainly formed in response to the tectonic evolution of the basins, but to some extent also reflect climatic changes.
The Newark Supergroup illustrates the complexity of rift-basin sedimentation and the problems that may arise from using a single modern analog for sedimentary deposition spanning millions of years. It also shows that a tremendous wealth of depositional, climatic, and tectonic information is preserved in ancient rift-basin deposits which can be recovered if the depositional processes of modern rift-basin deposits are understood.
No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Science Foundation, Office of Polar Programs","publisherLocation":"Arlington, VA","usgsCitation":"ten Brink, U., Beaudoin, B.C., Stern, T., and Bannister, S., 1991, Seismic investigation of the boundary between East and West Antarctica: Antarctic Journal of the United States, v. 26, no. 5, p. 33-36.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"33","endPage":"36","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296702,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":346126,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.coldregions.org/vufind/Record/175327"}],"otherGeospatial":"Antarctica","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 162,\n -83\n ],\n [\n 170,\n -83\n ],\n [\n 170,\n -82\n ],\n [\n 162,\n -82\n ],\n [\n 162,\n -83\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"26","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"549165d2e4b0d0759afaad99","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"ten Brink, Uri S. 0000-0001-6858-3001 utenbrink@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6858-3001","contributorId":127560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"ten Brink","given":"Uri S.","email":"utenbrink@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":536777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beaudoin, Bruce C.","contributorId":58140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beaudoin","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":536778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stern, T.","contributorId":49137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stern","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":536779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bannister, Stephen","contributorId":8497,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bannister","given":"Stephen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":536780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":54916,"text":"wdrOR901 - 1991 - Water resources data, Oregon, water year 1990. Volume 1. Eastern Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-06T21:34:09.862895","indexId":"wdrOR901","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"OR-90-1","title":"Water resources data, Oregon, water year 1990. Volume 1. Eastern Oregon","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
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N.","contributorId":41840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grossman","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":239773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":49507,"text":"ofr91322B - 1991 - Geochemical data for Jurassic diabase associated with early Mesozoic basins in the eastern United States: South Hartford basin, Connecticut","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-30T19:49:56.200237","indexId":"ofr91322B","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"91-322","chapter":"B","title":"Geochemical data for Jurassic diabase associated with early Mesozoic basins in the eastern United States: South Hartford basin, Connecticut","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr91322B","usgsCitation":"Gottfried, D., Froelich, A., and Grossman, J.N., 1991, Geochemical data for Jurassic diabase associated with early Mesozoic basins in the eastern United States: South Hartford basin, Connecticut: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 91-322, 5 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr91322B.","productDescription":"5 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":405941,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_19227.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":86100,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1991/0322b/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":86099,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1991/0322b/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":176030,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1991/0322b/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Connecticut","otherGeospatial":"south Hartford basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -73,\n 41.227\n ],\n [\n -72.422,\n 41.227\n ],\n [\n -72.422,\n 42\n ],\n [\n -73,\n 42\n ],\n [\n -73,\n 41.227\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae487","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gottfried, David","contributorId":82295,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gottfried","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":239778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Froelich, Albert J.","contributorId":60200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Froelich","given":"Albert J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":239777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grossman, J. N.","contributorId":41840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grossman","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":239776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":49508,"text":"ofr91322C - 1991 - Geochemical data for Jurassic diabase associated with early Mesozoic basins in the eastern United States: Eastern Newark basin, New York and New Jersey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-29T19:25:51.211125","indexId":"ofr91322C","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"91-322","chapter":"C","title":"Geochemical data for Jurassic diabase associated with early Mesozoic basins in the eastern United States: Eastern Newark basin, New York and New Jersey","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr91322C","usgsCitation":"Gottfried, D., Froelich, A., and Grossman, J.N., 1991, Geochemical data for Jurassic diabase associated with early Mesozoic basins in the eastern United States: Eastern Newark basin, New York and New Jersey: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 91-322, Report: 6 p.; 1 Plate: 20.39 × 38.14 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr91322C.","productDescription":"Report: 6 p.; 1 Plate: 20.39 × 38.14 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":86101,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1991/0322c/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":86102,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1991/0322c/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":407640,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_19226.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":176031,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1991/0322c/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey, New York","otherGeospatial":"eastern Newark basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.5,\n 40.353\n ],\n [\n -73.875,\n 40.353\n ],\n [\n -73.875,\n 41.25\n ],\n [\n -74.5,\n 41.25\n ],\n [\n -74.5,\n 40.353\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699e47","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gottfried, David","contributorId":82295,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gottfried","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":239781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Froelich, Albert J.","contributorId":60200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Froelich","given":"Albert J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":239780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grossman, J. N.","contributorId":41840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grossman","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":239779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":49509,"text":"ofr91322D - 1991 - Geochemical data for Jurassic diabase associated with early Mesozoic basins in the eastern United States: Western Newark basin, Pennsylvania and New Jersey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-29T19:25:04.359207","indexId":"ofr91322D","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"91-322","chapter":"D","title":"Geochemical data for Jurassic diabase associated with early Mesozoic basins in the eastern United States: Western Newark basin, Pennsylvania and New Jersey","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr91322D","usgsCitation":"Gottfried, D., Froelich, A., and Grossman, J.N., 1991, Geochemical data for Jurassic diabase associated with early Mesozoic basins in the eastern United States: Western Newark basin, Pennsylvania and New Jersey: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 91-322, Report: 27 p.; 1 Plate: 42.11 × 35.26 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr91322D.","productDescription":"Report: 27 p.; 1 Plate: 42.11 × 35.26 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":407642,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_19224.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":86103,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1991/0322d/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":86104,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1991/0322d/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":176032,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1991/0322d/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey, Pennsylvania","otherGeospatial":"western Newark basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76,\n 40\n ],\n [\n -74.206,\n 40\n ],\n [\n -74.206,\n 40.788\n ],\n [\n -76,\n 40.788\n ],\n [\n -76,\n 40\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae477","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gottfried, David","contributorId":82295,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gottfried","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":239784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Froelich, Albert J.","contributorId":60200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Froelich","given":"Albert J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":239783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grossman, J. N.","contributorId":41840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grossman","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":239782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":49510,"text":"ofr91322E - 1991 - Geochemical data for Jurassic diabase associated with early Mesozoic basins in the eastern United States: Gettysburg basin and vicinity, Pennsylvania and Maryland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-29T19:26:23.90227","indexId":"ofr91322E","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"91-322","chapter":"E","title":"Geochemical data for Jurassic diabase associated with early Mesozoic basins in the eastern United States: Gettysburg basin and vicinity, Pennsylvania and Maryland","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr91322E","usgsCitation":"Gottfried, D., Froelich, A., and Grossman, J.N., 1991, Geochemical data for Jurassic diabase associated with early Mesozoic basins in the eastern United States: Gettysburg basin and vicinity, Pennsylvania and Maryland: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 91-322, Report: 56 p.; 1 Plate: 49.00 × 41.29 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr91322E.","productDescription":"Report: 56 p.; 1 Plate: 49.00 × 41.29 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":86105,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1991/0322e/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":86106,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1991/0322e/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":407641,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_19228.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":176033,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1991/0322e/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland, Pennsylvania","otherGeospatial":"Gettysburg basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.747,\n 39.318\n ],\n [\n -76,\n 39.318\n ],\n [\n -76,\n 40\n ],\n [\n -77.747,\n 40\n ],\n [\n -77.747,\n 39.318\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae4bc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gottfried, David","contributorId":82295,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gottfried","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":239787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Froelich, Albert J.","contributorId":60200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Froelich","given":"Albert J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":239786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grossman, J. N.","contributorId":41840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grossman","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":239785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":17091,"text":"ofr91599 - 1991 - Element dispersion in alluvium covering gold deposits east of the Osgood Mountains, Getchell Trend, Humboldt County, Nevada: slides and text of a talk given at the Association of Exploration Geochemists' 15th International Geochemical Exploration Symposium, Reno, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-29T11:33:46","indexId":"ofr91599","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"91-599","title":"Element dispersion in alluvium covering gold deposits east of the Osgood Mountains, Getchell Trend, Humboldt County, Nevada: slides and text of a talk given at the Association of Exploration Geochemists' 15th International Geochemical Exploration Symposium, Reno, Nevada","docAbstract":"The current trend in mineral exploration is to search for covered deposits. In the Great Basin, this\ntranslates into searching for ore bodies buried by alluvial cover. The exploration techniques used range from\nrandom drilling to the use of new and exciting geochemical sampling media and analytical methods. But\nwe have a problem. Many of our geochemical techniques lack a conceptual basis (We tried it and it\nworked) or the original conceptual basis is now suspect (The method also works when it shouldn't). What\nwe need is a basic understanding of what is going on in the alluvium -- the third dimension.
\nThe discovery and development of the alluvium-covered, disseminated gold deposits at Rabbit\nCreek, Chimney Creek, and Pinson provides us with an opportunity to gain some knowledge of the\ndispersion of elements in the third dimension.
\nThe work presented here is one part of a larger multi-disciplinary study of the Kelly Creek Valley by\nthe U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with FirstMiss Gold, Inc., Gold Fields Mining Corporation, Pinson\nMining Company, and Santa Fe Pacific Mining, Inc.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Denver, CO","doi":"10.3133/ofr91599","usgsCitation":"Smith, S.M., Detra, D.E., Theobald, P., and Theodorakos, P.M., 1991, Element dispersion in alluvium covering gold deposits east of the Osgood Mountains, Getchell Trend, Humboldt County, Nevada: slides and text of a talk given at the Association of Exploration Geochemists' 15th International Geochemical Exploration Symposium, Reno, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 91-599, 5 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr91599.","productDescription":"5 p.","numberOfPages":"34","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":287803,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287802,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1991/0599/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Humboldt County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -119.3314,40.5261 ], [ -119.3314,42.0004 ], [ -117.0176,42.0004 ], [ -117.0176,40.5261 ], [ -119.3314,40.5261 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e479ee4b07f02db492585","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Steven M. 0000-0003-3591-5377 smsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3591-5377","contributorId":1460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Steven","email":"smsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":174896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Detra, David E.","contributorId":17342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Detra","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":174898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Theobald, Paul K.","contributorId":45361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Theobald","given":"Paul K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":174899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Theodorakos, Peter M. ptheodor@usgs.gov","contributorId":1566,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Theodorakos","given":"Peter","email":"ptheodor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":174897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":17099,"text":"ofr91427 - 1991 - Evaluation of metallic mineral resources and their geologic controls in the East Mojave National Scenic Area, San Bernardino County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-14T17:03:52.255795","indexId":"ofr91427","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"91-427","title":"Evaluation of metallic mineral resources and their geologic controls in the East Mojave National Scenic Area, San Bernardino County, California","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr91427","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1991, Evaluation of metallic mineral resources and their geologic controls in the East Mojave National Scenic Area, San Bernardino County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 91-427, Report: x, 278 p.; 6 Plates: 53.79 × 42.79 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr91427.","productDescription":"Report: x, 278 p.; 6 Plates: 53.79 × 42.79 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":46226,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1991/0427/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":46225,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1991/0427/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":46224,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1991/0427/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":108879,"rank":700,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_18132.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"18132"},{"id":46227,"rank":405,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1991/0427/plate-6.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":46228,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1991/0427/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":46223,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1991/0427/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":46222,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1991/0427/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":149725,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1991/0427/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"San Bernardino County","otherGeospatial":"East Mojave National Scenic Area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.167,\n 34.705\n ],\n [\n -114.916,\n 34.705\n ],\n [\n -114.916,\n 35.633\n ],\n [\n -116.167,\n 35.633\n ],\n [\n -116.167,\n 34.705\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5facf4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":529006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":20728,"text":"ofr9164 - 1991 - Hydrology of the Texas Gulf Coast aquifer systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-14T12:21:16","indexId":"ofr9164","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"91-64","title":"Hydrology of the Texas Gulf Coast aquifer systems","docAbstract":"A complex, multilayered ground-water flow system exists in the Coastal Plain sediments of Texas. The Tertiary and Quaternary clastic deposits have an areal extent of 114,000 square miles onshore and in the Gulf of Mexico. Two distinct aquifer systems are recognized within the sediments, which range in thickness from a few feet to more than 12,000 feet The older system--the Texas coastal uplands aquifer system-consists of four aquifers and two confining units in the Claiborne and Wilcox Groups. It is underlain by the practically impermeable Midway confining unit or by the top of the geopressured zone. It is overlain by the nearly impermeable Vicksburg-Jackson confining unit, which separates it from the younger coastal lowlands aquifer system. The coastal lowlands aquifer system consists of five permeable zones and two confining units that range in age from Oligocene to Holocene. The hydrogeologic units of both systems are exposed in bands that parallel the coastline. The units dip and thicken toward the Gulf. Quality of water in the aquifer systems is highly variable, with dissolved solids ranging from less than 500 to 150,000 milligrams per liter.
Substantial withdrawal from the aquifer systems began in the early 1900's and increased nearly continuously into the 1970's. The increase in withdrawal was relatively rapid from about 1940 to 1970. Adverse hydrologic effects, such as saltwater encroachment in coastal areas, land-surface subsidence in the Houston-Galveston area, and long-term dewatering in the Whiter Garden area, were among some of the factors that caused pumping increases to slow or to cease in the 1970's and 1980's.
Ground-water withdrawals in the study area in 1980 were about 1.7 billion gallons per day. Nearly all of the withdrawal was from four units: Permeable zones A, B, and C of Miocene age and younger, and the lower Claiborae-upper Wilcox aquifer. Ground-water levels have declined hundreds of feet in the intensively pumped areas of Houston-Galveston, Kingsville, Winter Garden, and Lufkin-Nacogdoches. Water-level declines have caused inelastic compaction of clays which, in turn, has resulted in land-surface subsidence of more than one foot in an area of about 2,000 square miles. Maximum subsidence of nearly 10 feet occurs in the Pasadena area east of Houston.
A three-dimensional, variable-density digital model was developed to simulate predevelopment and transient flow in the aquifer systems. The modeled area is larger than the study area, and includes adjacent parts of Louisiana and Mexico. The transient model calibration period was from 1910 (predevelopment) to 1982. Model-generated head distributions, water-level hydrographs, and land-surface subsidence were matched to measured data in selected, intensively pumped areas.
For the study area, mean horizontal hydraulic conductivity in the calibrated model ranges from 10 feet per day for the middle Wilcox aquifer to 25 feet per day for permeable zone A. Mean transmissivity ranges from about 4,600 feet squared per day for the middle Claiborne aquifer to about 10,400 feet squared per day for permeable zone D. Mean vertical hydraulic conductivity ranges from 1.1x10-5 feet per day for the Vicksburg-Jackson confining unit, to 3.8x10-3 feet per day for permeable zone A. Mean values of calibrated storage coefficient range from 52x10-4 for the middle Claiborne aquifer to 1.7x10-3 for the middle Wilcox aquifer and permeable zone C. Calibrated inelastic specific storage values for clay beds in permeable zones A, B, and C in the Houston-Galveston area are 8.5x10-5, 8.0x10-5, and 8.0x10-6 feet-1, respectively. These values are 85, 80, and 8 times greater than the estimated elastic specific storage value for the clays in permeable zones A, B, and C, respectively.
Recharge rates were mapped for predevelopment conditions as determined from a steady-state model calibration. A maximum rate of 3 inches per year was simulated in small areas, and the average rate for the study area was 034 inch per year. Total simulated recharge was 85 million cubic feet per day in the outcrop area. Recharge was equal to discharge in outcrop areas (79 million cubic feet per day) plus net lateral flow out of the study area (6 million cubic feet per day).
Rates of inflow and outflow to the ground-water system have nearly tripled from predevelopment to 1982 (85 to 276 million cubic feet per day) based on model simulation. Withdrawal of 231 million cubic feet per day was supplied principally by an increase in outcrop recharge and, to a lesser extent, from a decrease in natural discharge and release of water from storage in aquifers and compacting clay beds. The average simulated 1982 recharge rate for the study area was 0.52 inch per year, with a maximum simulated rate of 6 inches per year in Jackson and Wharton Counties.
Because withdrawal has caused problems such as saltwater intrusion, land-surface subsidence, and aquifer dewatering, the Texas Department of Water Resources has projected that ground-water use will decline substantially in most of the study area by the year 2030. Some areas remain favorable for development of additional ground-water supplies. Pumping from older units that are farther inland and in areas where potential recharge is greater will minimize adverse hydrologic effects.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","doi":"10.3133/ofr9164","usgsCitation":"Ryder, P.D., and Ardis, A.F., 1991, Hydrology of the Texas Gulf Coast aquifer systems: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 91-64, ix, 147 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9164.","productDescription":"ix, 147 p.","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":50282,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1991/0064/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"34.28 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":154171,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1991/0064/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -95.33935546875,\n 33.96158628979907\n ],\n [\n -95.77880859375,\n 33.76088200086917\n ],\n [\n -96.04248046875,\n 33.32134852669881\n ],\n [\n -97.31689453125,\n 32.7872745269555\n ],\n [\n -97.71240234375,\n 32.1570124860701\n ],\n [\n -98.32763671875,\n 31.071755902820133\n ],\n [\n -99.55810546875,\n 29.707139348134145\n ],\n [\n -99.755859375,\n 28.92163128242129\n ],\n [\n -99.84374999999999,\n 28.246327971048842\n ],\n [\n -99.84374999999999,\n 27.839076094777816\n ],\n [\n -99.7119140625,\n 27.6251403350933\n ],\n [\n -99.51416015625,\n 27.449790329784214\n ],\n [\n -99.47021484375,\n 27.00040800352175\n ],\n [\n -99.1845703125,\n 26.43122806450644\n ],\n [\n -98.96484375,\n 26.293415004265796\n ],\n [\n -98.59130859375,\n 26.15543796871355\n ],\n [\n -98.10791015625,\n 26.017297563851745\n ],\n [\n -97.84423828125,\n 25.997549919572112\n ],\n [\n -97.49267578125,\n 25.918526162075153\n ],\n [\n -97.294921875,\n 25.97779895546436\n ],\n [\n -97.0751953125,\n 25.97779895546436\n ],\n [\n -97.119140625,\n 26.115985925333536\n ],\n [\n -97.294921875,\n 26.843677401113002\n ],\n [\n -97.2509765625,\n 27.31321389856826\n ],\n [\n -97.05322265625,\n 27.800209937418252\n ],\n [\n -96.13037109375,\n 28.401064827220896\n ],\n [\n -94.68017578125,\n 29.34387539941801\n ],\n [\n -93.8671875,\n 29.592565403314087\n ],\n [\n -93.71337890625,\n 30.050076521698735\n ],\n [\n -93.71337890625,\n 30.524413269923986\n ],\n [\n -93.515625,\n 31.090574094954192\n ],\n [\n -93.7353515625,\n 31.59725256170666\n ],\n [\n -94.04296874999999,\n 32.0639555946604\n ],\n [\n -94.130859375,\n 33.61461929233378\n ],\n [\n -94.4384765625,\n 33.669496972795535\n ],\n [\n -94.833984375,\n 33.797408767572485\n ],\n [\n -95.33935546875,\n 33.96158628979907\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b01e4b07f02db698711","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ryder, Paul D.","contributorId":60188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryder","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":183140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ardis, Ann F.","contributorId":96672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ardis","given":"Ann","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":183139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":4885,"text":"ds1 - 1991 - National Geochemical Data Base; National Uranium Resource Evaluation data for the conterminous Western United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-19T09:52:48","indexId":"ds1","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1","title":"National Geochemical Data Base; National Uranium Resource Evaluation data for the conterminous Western United States","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nFor sale by the Books and Open-file Reports Section,","doi":"10.3133/ds1","issn":"1088-1018","usgsCitation":"Hoffman, J.D., Gunnells, G.B., and McNeal, J.M., 1991, National Geochemical Data Base; National Uranium Resource Evaluation data for the conterminous Western United States: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 1, 1 computer laser optical disc :col. ;4 3/4 in., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds1.","productDescription":"1 computer laser optical disc :col. ;4 3/4 in.","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":139969,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"0","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122,23 ], [ -122,49 ], [ -100,49 ], [ -100,23 ], [ -122,23 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b01e4b07f02db698764","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoffman, J. D.","contributorId":8419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gunnells, Gregory B.","contributorId":36544,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gunnells","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McNeal, James M. jmcneal@usgs.gov","contributorId":2810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McNeal","given":"James","email":"jmcneal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":150038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":38447,"text":"pp1406C - 1991 - Geochemistry of ground water in alluvial basins of Arizona and adjacent parts of Nevada, New Mexico, and California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:00","indexId":"pp1406C","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1406","chapter":"C","title":"Geochemistry of ground water in alluvial basins of Arizona and adjacent parts of Nevada, New Mexico, and California","docAbstract":"Chemical and isotope analyses of ground water from 28 basins in the Basin and Range physiographic province of Arizona and parts of adjacent States were used to evaluate ground-water quality, determine processes that control ground-water chemistry, provide independent insight into the hydrologic flow system, and develop information transfer. The area is characterized by north- to northwest-trending mountains separated by alluvial basins that form a regional topography of alternating mountains and valleys. On the basis of ground-water divides or zones of minimal basin interconnection, the area was divided into 72 basins, each representing an individual aquifer system. These systems are joined in a dendritic pattern and collectively constitute the major water resource in the region. \r\n\r\nGeochemical models were developed to identify reactions and mass transfer responsible for the chemical evolution of the ground water. On the basis of mineralogy and chemistry of the two major rock associations of the area, a felsic model and a mafic model were developed to illustrate geologic, climatic, and physiographic effects on ground-water chemistry. Two distinct hydrochemical processes were identified: (1) reactions of meteoric water with minerals and gases in recharge areas and (2) reactions of ground water as it moves down the hydraulic gradient. Reactions occurring in recharge and downgradient areas can be described by a 13-component system. Major reactions are the dissolution and precipitation of calcite and dolomite, the weathering of feldspars and ferromagnesian minerals, the formation of montmorillonite, iron oxyhydroxides, and probably silica, and, in some basins, ion exchange. \r\n\r\nThe geochemical modeling demonstrated that relatively few phases are required to derive the ground-water chemistry; 14 phases-12 mineral and 2 gas-consistently account for the chemical evolution in each basin. The final phases were selected through analysis of X-ray diffraction and fluorescence data, aqueous speciation and saturation data, and mass-balance and isotopic constraints and through chemical models developed from mineral combinations among the 27 phases that were considered realistic in these geologically and mineralogically complex basins. X-ray diffraction of basin-fill sediments confirm the presence of the postulated minerals and their weathering sequences. \r\n\r\nHigh partial pressures of soil CO2 and large concentrations of dissolved CO2 in recharge areas, and the rapid depletion of CO2 downgradient, accompanied by high weathering rates of the silicates which also decrease downgradient, indicate that carbonic acid is the impetus in the weathering process. Reactions in the soil zone and the unsaturated zone are influential and, in some instances, are as important as the mineralogy of the source rock in determining ground-water compositions. \r\n\r\nThe basins can be divided geochemically into two general categories-closed systems, which evolve under closed hydrologic conditions, and open systems, which are open to CO2 and other constituents along the flow path. The ground-water chemistry of the unconfined aquifers in the eastern part of the study area and of the aquifers underlying the flood plain along the Colorado River generally evolves under open conditions. The ground-water chemistry of most basins in the central and western parts and of the confined aquifers in the eastern part evolves under closed conditions. The factors that determine whether a basin is an open or closed system are the amount of and the spatial and seasonal distribution of annual precipitation and the presence or absence of fine-grained confining units. \r\n\r\nThe basins along the Colorado River are unique among basins in the region. Virtually all ground water underlying the flood plain originated as seepage or overbank flow from the Colorado River. Initial deuterium content of about -120 per mil is indicative of precipitation from the central part of Colorado. Using chemical m","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/pp1406C","usgsCitation":"Robertson, F.N., 1991, Geochemistry of ground water in alluvial basins of Arizona and adjacent parts of Nevada, New Mexico, and California: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1406, p. C1-C90, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1406C.","productDescription":"p. C1-C90","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":119769,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1406c/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":64922,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1406c/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1fe4b07f02db6aad69","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robertson, Frederick N.","contributorId":108160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robertson","given":"Frederick","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":30280,"text":"wri894157 - 1991 - Use of Landsat imagery to estimate ground-water pumpage for irrigation on the Columbia Plateau in eastern Washington, 1985","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-26T16:33:22.328642","indexId":"wri894157","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-4157","title":"Use of Landsat imagery to estimate ground-water pumpage for irrigation on the Columbia Plateau in eastern Washington, 1985","docAbstract":"A method for estimating ground-water pumpage for irrigation was developed for the Columbia Plateau in eastern Washington. The method combines water-application rates estimated from pumpage data with acreage of irrigated crops that was mapped by using Landsat imagery. The study area consisted of Grant, Lincoln, Adams, and Franklin Counties, an area of approximately 8,900 square miles, and accounts for approximately three-fourths of the ground-water pumpage in the Columbia Plateau in eastern Washington.
Data from two passes of Landsat's multispectral scanner were analyzed by using a spectral band ratioing procedure to map irrigated crops for the study area. Data from one pass of Landsat's thematic mapper, covering approximately two-thirds of the study area, also were analyzed for determining irrigated crops in the area resulting in a 6-percent improvement in accuracy over the multispectral scanner analysis.
A total of 576 annual water-application rates associated with particular crops, for the 1982 through 1985 seasons, were calculated. A regression equation was developed for estimating annual water-application rates as a function of crop type, annual precipitation, irrigation system type, and available water capacity of the soil. Crops were grouped into three water-use categories: (1) small grains, primarily wheat and barley; (2) high water-use crops consisting of corn, alfalfa, and potatoes; and (3) miscellaneous vegetable and row crops. Annual water-application rates, expressed as a depth of water, then were multiplied by irrigated area determined by Landsat to estimate a volume of water pumped for irrigation for 1985-620,000 acre-feet. An assessment of accuracy for estimating pumpage for 28 of the sites showed that total predicted pumpage was within 4 percent of the total observed pumpage.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri894157","usgsCitation":"Van Metre, P., and Seevers, P., 1991, Use of Landsat imagery to estimate ground-water pumpage for irrigation on the Columbia Plateau in eastern Washington, 1985: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 89-4157, iv, 38 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri894157.","productDescription":"iv, 38 p.","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":408757,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_47245.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":59069,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4157/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":159684,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4157/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Columbia Plateau","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120,\n 48\n ],\n [\n -120,\n 46.2167\n ],\n [\n -117.8333,\n 46.2167\n ],\n [\n -117.8333,\n 48\n ],\n [\n -120,\n 48\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a18e4b07f02db60517c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Van Metre, P. C.","contributorId":92999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Metre","given":"P. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Seevers, Paul","contributorId":30258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seevers","given":"Paul","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":26785,"text":"wri884193 - 1991 - Simulation of effects of ground-water development on water-levels in glacial-drift aquifers in the Brooten-Belgrade area, west-central Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-09T20:37:33.32057","indexId":"wri884193","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-4193","title":"Simulation of effects of ground-water development on water-levels in glacial-drift aquifers in the Brooten-Belgrade area, west-central Minnesota","docAbstract":"Ground-water flow in the confined- and unconfined-drift aquifers in the Brooten-Belgrade area of west-central Minnesota was simulated with a three-dimensional finite-difference ground-water-flow model. Model results indicate that about 96 percent of the total inflow to the modeled area is from precipitation. Discounting evapotranspiration, 63 percent of the total outflow is ground-water discharge to the East Branch Chippewa and North Fork Crow Rivers, and 34 percent is ground-water pumpage.
\nThe model was used to simulate the steady-state effects of below-normal precipitation (drought) and hypothetical increases in ground-water development. Model results indicate that reduced recharge and increased pumping during a hypothetical 3-year extended drought would lower regional water levels from 2 to 5 feet in each aquifer and as much as 20 feet in the lowermost aquifer zone; ground-water discharge to the East Branch Chippewa and North Fork Crow Rivers would be reduced by 38 percent. The addition of 10 to 20 hypothetical wells in confined aquifers, pumping 123 to 246 million gallons per year, would result in regional water-level declines of 0.1 to 0.5 feet. Simulated water-level declines in wells completed in the lower part of the system would be as much as 5.0 feet as a result of pumping 246 million gallons per year from 20 hypothetical wells. Water-level declines in overlying and underlying aquifers would range from 0.4 to 2.8 feet. Ground-water discharge to the East Branch Chippewa and North Fork Crow Rivers would be unaffected by the pumpage.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"St. Paul, MN","doi":"10.3133/wri884193","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources and the Western Minnesota Resource Conservation and Development Association","usgsCitation":"Delin, G., 1991, Simulation of effects of ground-water development on water-levels in glacial-drift aquifers in the Brooten-Belgrade area, west-central Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 88-4193, v, 66 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri884193.","productDescription":"v, 66 p.","numberOfPages":"71","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science 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