{"pageNumber":"3149","pageRowStart":"78700","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184883,"records":[{"id":70023371,"text":"70023371 - 2001 - Diet dynamics of the juvenile piscivorous fish community in Spirit Lake, Iowa, USA, 1997-1998","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:10","indexId":"70023371","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1471,"text":"Ecology of Freshwater Fish","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Diet dynamics of the juvenile piscivorous fish community in Spirit Lake, Iowa, USA, 1997-1998","docAbstract":"We assessed temporal dynamics and variation among species and age-classes in the diets of age 0 and age 1 piscivorous fish species in Spirit Lake, Iowa, USA during 1997 and 1998. Species included walleye Stizostedion vitreum, yellow perch Perca flavescens, smallmouth bass Micropterus dolomieui, largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides, black crappie Pomoxis nigromaculatus and white bass Morone chrysops. Thirty taxa were identified in diets, including 12 species of fish. We found dramatic differences in diets among species, among age-classes within species and over time. Walleye, largemouth bass, smallmouth bass and white bass were piscivorous at age 0. Black crappie began piscivory at age 1. Yellow perch also began piscivory at age 1, but fish were a very small fraction of age-1 diets. The primary temporal pattern, seen in several species and age- classes, was an increase in piscivory from spring to fall. This pattern was due to the lack of small, age-0 prey fish in spring. Although some patterns were evident, the taxonomic composition of the diets of all species was highly variable over time, making generalizations difficult. A surprising result was the absence of yellow perch in the diet of age-0 walleye, despite their abundance in Spirit Lake and prominence in diets of age-1 walleye and other age 1-piscivores. Age-0 yellow perch were consistently too large to be eaten by age-0 piscivores, which preyed primarily on invertebrates and smaller fish such as johnny darters Etheostoma nigrum and age 0 bluegill Lepomis macrochirus. This finding suggests that predator-prey interactions and resulting population dynamics may be quite different in Spirit Lake than in other systems dominated by walleye and yellow perch.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecology of Freshwater Fish","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1034/j.1600-0633.2001.100402.x","issn":"09066691","usgsCitation":"Pelham, M.E., Pierce, C., and Larscheid, J.G., 2001, Diet dynamics of the juvenile piscivorous fish community in Spirit Lake, Iowa, USA, 1997-1998: Ecology of Freshwater Fish, v. 10, no. 4, p. 198-211, https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0633.2001.100402.x.","startPage":"198","endPage":"211","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":479003,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/nrem_pubs/120","text":"External Repository"},{"id":207447,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0633.2001.100402.x"},{"id":232400,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-01-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a00d2e4b0c8380cd4f931","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pelham, M. E.","contributorId":9035,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pelham","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pierce, C.L. 0000-0001-5088-5431","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5088-5431","contributorId":93606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierce","given":"C.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Larscheid, J. G.","contributorId":11796,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Larscheid","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70023538,"text":"70023538 - 2001 - Seismic response of the katmai volcanoes to the 6 December 1999 magnitude 7.0 Karluk Lake earthquake, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:11","indexId":"70023538","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seismic response of the katmai volcanoes to the 6 December 1999 magnitude 7.0 Karluk Lake earthquake, Alaska","docAbstract":"A sudden increase in earthquake activity was observed beneath volcanoes in the Katmai area on the Alaska Peninsula immediately following the 6 December 1999 magnitude (Mw) 7.0 Karluk Lake earthquake beneath southern Kodiak Island, Alaska. The observed increase in earthquake activity consisted of small (ML < 1.3), shallow (Z < 5.0 km) events. These earthquakes were located beneath Mount Martin, Mount Mageik, Trident Volcano, and the Katmai caldera and began within the coda of the Karluk Lake mainshock. All of these earthquakes occurred in areas and magnitude ranges that are typical for the background seismicity observed in the Katmai area. Seismicity rates returned to background levels 8 to 13 hours after the Karluk Lake mainshock. The close temporal relationship with the Karluk Lake mainshock, the onset of activity within the mainshock coda, and the simultaneous increase beneath four separate volcanic centers all suggest these earthquakes were remotely triggered. Modeling of the Coulomb stress changes from the mainshock for optimally oriented faults suggests negligible change in static stress beneath the Katmai volcanoes. This result favors models that involve dynamic stresses as the mechanism for triggered seismicity at Katmai.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/0120000054","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Power, J., Moran, S., McNutt, S., Stihler, S., and Sanchez, J., 2001, Seismic response of the katmai volcanoes to the 6 December 1999 magnitude 7.0 Karluk Lake earthquake, Alaska: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 91, no. 1, p. 57-63, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120000054.","startPage":"57","endPage":"63","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207470,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120000054"},{"id":232451,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"91","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8b5be4b08c986b317788","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Power, J.A.","contributorId":20765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Power","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moran, S.C. 0000-0001-7308-9649","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7308-9649","contributorId":78896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moran","given":"S.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McNutt, S.R.","contributorId":26722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McNutt","given":"S.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stihler, S.D.","contributorId":42616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stihler","given":"S.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sanchez, J.J.","contributorId":39168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanchez","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70023370,"text":"70023370 - 2001 - Laboratory and field evaluations of the LISST-100 instrument for suspended particle size determinations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-03T08:59:02","indexId":"70023370","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Laboratory and field evaluations of the LISST-100 instrument for suspended particle size determinations","docAbstract":"

Advances in technology have resulted in a new instrument that is designed for in-situ determination of particle size spectra. Such an instrument that can measure undisturbed particle size distributions is much needed for sediment transport studies. The LISST-100 (Laser In-Situ Scattering and Transmissometry) uses the principle of laser diffraction to obtain the size distribution and volume concentration of suspended material in 32 size classes logarithmically spaced between 1.25 and 250 μm. This paper describes a laboratory evaluation of the ability of LISST-100 to determine particle sizes using suspensions of single size, artificial particles. Findings show the instrument is able to determine particle size to within about 10% with increasing error as particle size increases. The instrument determines volume (or mass) concentration using a volume conversion factor Cv. This volume conversion factor is theoretically a constant. In the laboratory evaluation Cv is found to vary by a factor of about three over the particle size range between 5 and 200 μm. Results from field studies in South San Francisco Bay show that values of mass concentration of suspended marine sediments estimated by LISST-100 agree favorably with estimates from optical backscatterance sensors if an appropriate value of Cv, according to mean size, is used and the assumed average particle (aggregate) density is carefully chosen. Analyses of size distribution of suspended materials in South San Francisco Bay over multiple tide cycles suggest the likelihood of different sources of sediment because of different size characteristics during flood and ebb cycles.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0025-3227(01)00137-2","issn":"00253227","usgsCitation":"Gartner, J.W., Cheng, R.T., Wang, P., and Richter, K., 2001, Laboratory and field evaluations of the LISST-100 instrument for suspended particle size determinations: Marine Geology, v. 175, no. 1-4, p. 199-219, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0025-3227(01)00137-2.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"199","endPage":"219","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":232362,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":207424,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0025-3227(01)00137-2"}],"volume":"175","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a40ffe4b0c8380cd65201","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gartner, J. W.","contributorId":81903,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gartner","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cheng, R. T.","contributorId":23138,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cheng","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wang, P.-F.","contributorId":25311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"P.-F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Richter, K.","contributorId":72146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richter","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70023539,"text":"70023539 - 2001 - Probabilistic seismic hazard analyses for ground motions and fault displacement at Yucca Mountain, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-18T10:03:44","indexId":"70023539","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1436,"text":"Earthquake Spectra","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Probabilistic seismic hazard analyses for ground motions and fault displacement at Yucca Mountain, Nevada","docAbstract":"Probabilistic seismic hazard analyses were conducted to estimate both ground motion and fault displacement hazards at the potential geologic repository for spent nuclear fuel and high-level radioactive waste at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. The study is believed to be the largest and most comprehensive analyses ever conducted for ground-shaking hazard and is a first-of-a-kind assessment of probabilistic fault displacement hazard. The major emphasis of the study was on the quantification of epistemic uncertainty. Six teams of three experts performed seismic source and fault displacement evaluations, and seven individual experts provided ground motion evaluations. State-of-the-practice expert elicitation processes involving structured workshops, consensus identification of parameters and issues to be evaluated, common sharing of data and information, and open exchanges about the basis for preliminary interpretations were implemented. Ground-shaking hazard was computed for a hypothetical rock outcrop at -300 m, the depth of the potential waste emplacement drifts, at the designated design annual exceedance probabilities of 10-3 and 10-4. The fault displacement hazard was calculated at the design annual exceedance probabilities of 10-4 and 10-5.","language":"English","publisher":"EERI","doi":"10.1193/1.1586169","issn":"87552930","usgsCitation":"Stepp, J., Wong, I., Whitney, J.W., Quittmeyer, R., Abrahamson, N., Toro, G., Young, S., Coppersmith, K., Savy, J., and Sullivan, T., 2001, Probabilistic seismic hazard analyses for ground motions and fault displacement at Yucca Mountain, Nevada: Earthquake Spectra, v. 17, no. 1, p. 113-151, https://doi.org/10.1193/1.1586169.","productDescription":"39 p.","startPage":"113","endPage":"151","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232452,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":207471,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.1586169"}],"volume":"17","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2001-02-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8c99e4b0c8380cd7e79f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stepp, J.C.","contributorId":62639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stepp","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wong, Ivan","contributorId":174687,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wong","given":"Ivan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Whitney, John W. 0000-0003-3824-3692 jwhitney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3824-3692","contributorId":804,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitney","given":"John","email":"jwhitney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":397968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Quittmeyer, R.","contributorId":78911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quittmeyer","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Abrahamson, N.","contributorId":60358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abrahamson","given":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Toro, G.","contributorId":29165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Toro","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Young, S.R.","contributorId":83643,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Young","given":"S.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Coppersmith, K.","contributorId":29994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coppersmith","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Savy, J.","contributorId":74547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savy","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Sullivan, T.","contributorId":86530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sullivan","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70023369,"text":"70023369 - 2001 - Palaeomagnetic dating of widespread remagnetization on the southeastern border of the French Massif Central and implications for fluid and Mississippi Valley-type mineralization","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:15","indexId":"70023369","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1803,"text":"Geophysical Journal International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Palaeomagnetic dating of widespread remagnetization on the southeastern border of the French Massif Central and implications for fluid and Mississippi Valley-type mineralization","docAbstract":"Palaeomagnetic dating techniques have been applied to determine the age of fluid migration that produced the Mississippi Valley-type (MVT) Pb-Zn-Ba-F deposits in the Ce??vennes region of southern France. 15 sampling sites in two gently deformed areas around the Largentie??re and Croix-de-Pallie??res mines on the Ce??vennes border were selected for palaeomagnetic study. They yielded a very well-defined direction of remagnetization corresponding to an Early-Middle Eocene age. This remagnetization cannot be related to the formation of magnetic as a result of the transformation of smectite to illite because the latter has been well dated as a Mesozoic event. The magnetic overprint in this area is related to a chemical phenomenon during fluid migration. The age of remagnetization corresponds to a major uplift in the Pyre??ne??es mountains, located to the south of the Ce??vennes. This implies that fluid migration occurred from the south to the north as a result of hydraulic head established in the Pyre??ne??es orogenic belt during orogenesis and suggests that the MVT deposits in the Ce??vennes region formed from a gravity-driven fluid system as described by Garven & Freeze (1984a,b).","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Journal International","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1046/j.0956-540X.2001.01382.x","issn":"0956540X","usgsCitation":"Henry, B., Rouvier, H., Goff, M., Leach, D., Macquar, J., Thibieroz, J., and Lewchuk, M.T., 2001, Palaeomagnetic dating of widespread remagnetization on the southeastern border of the French Massif Central and implications for fluid and Mississippi Valley-type mineralization: Geophysical Journal International, v. 145, no. 2, p. 368-380, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.0956-540X.2001.01382.x.","startPage":"368","endPage":"380","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":478906,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.0956-540x.2001.01382.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":207423,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.0956-540X.2001.01382.x"},{"id":232361,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"145","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a73a6e4b0c8380cd77185","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Henry, B.","contributorId":21316,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henry","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rouvier, H.","contributorId":81277,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rouvier","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goff, M.L.","contributorId":102432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goff","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Leach, D.","contributorId":47548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leach","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Macquar, J.-C.","contributorId":41623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Macquar","given":"J.-C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Thibieroz, J.","contributorId":31158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thibieroz","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lewchuk, Michael T.","contributorId":74890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewchuk","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70023787,"text":"70023787 - 2001 - Constraints on dike propagation from continuous GPS measurements","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-17T19:22:57.383783","indexId":"70023787","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Constraints on dike propagation from continuous GPS measurements","docAbstract":"

The January 1997 East Rift Zone eruption on Kilauea volcano, Hawaii, occurred within a network of continuous Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers. The GPS measurements reveal the temporal history of deformation during dike intrusion, beginning ∼8 hours prior to the onset of the eruption. The dike volume as a function of time, estimated from the GPS data using elastic Green's functions for a homogeneous half-space, shows that only two thirds of the final dike volume accumulated prior to the eruption and the rate of volume change decreased with time. These observations are inconsistent with simple models of dike propagation, which predict accelerating dike volume up to the time of the eruption and little or no change thereafter. Deflationary tilt changes at Kilauea summit mirror the inferred dike volume history, suggesting that the rate of dike propagation is limited by flow of magma into the dike. A simple, lumped parameter model of a coupled dike magma chamber system shows that the tendency for a dike to end in an eruption (rather than intrusion) is favored by high initial dike pressures, compressional stress states, large, compressible magma reservoirs, and highly conductive conduits linking the dike and source reservoirs. Comparison of model predictions to the observed dike volume history, the ratio of erupted to intruded magma, and the deflationary history of the summit magma chamber suggest that most of the magma supplied to the growing dike came from sources near to the eruption through highly conductive conduits. Interpretation is complicated by the presence of multiple source reservoirs, magma vesiculation and cooling, as well as spatial variations in dike-normal stress. Reinflation of the summit magma chamber following the eruption was measured by GPS and accompanied a rise in the level of the Pu'u O'o lava lake. For a spheroidal chamber these data imply a summit magma chamber volume of ∼20 km3, consistent with recent estimates from seismic tomography. Continuous deformation measurements can be used to image the spatiotemporal evolution of propagating dikes and to reveal quantitative information about the volcanic plumbing systems.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2001JB000229","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Segall, P., Cervelli, P., Owen, S., Lisowski, M., and Mikijus, A., 2001, Constraints on dike propagation from continuous GPS measurements: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 106, no. B9, p. 19301-19317, https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JB000229.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"19301","endPage":"19317","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232627,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","otherGeospatial":"Kīlauea","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.29356501158992,\n 19.397005960508707\n ],\n [\n -155.2859111779368,\n 19.394092842334288\n ],\n [\n -155.27261767738136,\n 19.395866050911422\n ],\n [\n -155.26912645501318,\n 19.398905792091867\n ],\n [\n -155.26442673259461,\n 19.403591948485584\n ],\n [\n -155.2574442878584,\n 19.4057450021093\n ],\n [\n -155.25059612090553,\n 19.41017766982378\n ],\n [\n -155.24643350962046,\n 19.408911205662818\n ],\n [\n -155.24012245380123,\n 19.409037852522204\n ],\n [\n -155.23891395375074,\n 19.41359707378831\n ],\n [\n -155.24079384271812,\n 19.41486350145172\n ],\n [\n -155.24321084281917,\n 19.418156167201673\n ],\n [\n -155.24549356513683,\n 19.41878936450675\n ],\n [\n -155.25086467647228,\n 19.417902887589094\n ],\n [\n -155.25637006559123,\n 19.42309504075868\n ],\n [\n -155.257310010075,\n 19.42828702802622\n ],\n [\n -155.25905562125902,\n 19.430059863724253\n ],\n [\n -155.2683207883129,\n 19.43081964452884\n ],\n [\n -155.27449756634877,\n 19.432339195474597\n ],\n [\n -155.27986867768433,\n 19.43031312438704\n ],\n [\n -155.28765678912083,\n 19.421955314029162\n ],\n [\n -155.29611628947433,\n 19.416003277912424\n ],\n [\n -155.2957134561242,\n 19.413090499961413\n ],\n [\n -155.29799617844174,\n 19.409544438976212\n ],\n [\n -155.29356501158992,\n 19.397005960508707\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"106","issue":"B9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2001-09-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fa0ae4b0c8380cd4d8cf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Segall, P.","contributorId":44231,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Segall","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cervelli, Peter 0000-0001-6765-1009","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6765-1009","contributorId":46724,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cervelli","given":"Peter","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Owen, S.","contributorId":56810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Owen","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lisowski, M.","contributorId":70381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lisowski","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mikijus, Asta 0000-0002-2286-1886","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2286-1886","contributorId":80431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mikijus","given":"Asta","affiliations":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":398844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70023540,"text":"70023540 - 2001 - Seabed observation & sampling system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-19T11:19:25","indexId":"70023540","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3363,"text":"Sea Technology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seabed observation & sampling system","docAbstract":"SEABOSS has proved to be a valuable addition to the USGS data-acquisition and processing field program. It has allowed researchers to collect high-quality images and seabed samples in a timely manner. It is a simple, dependable and trouble-free system with a track record of over 3,000 deployments. When used as part of the USGS seafloor mapping acquisition, processing, and ground-truth program, SEABOSS has been invaluable in providing information quickly and efficiently, with a minimum of downtime. SEABOSS enables scientists to collect high-quality images and samples of the seabed, essential to the study of sedimentary environments and biological habitats and to the interpretation of side-scan sonar and multibeam imagery, the most common tools for mapping the seabed.","language":"English","issn":"00933651","usgsCitation":"Blackwood, D., and Parolski, K., 2001, Seabed observation & sampling system: Sea Technology, v. 42, no. 2, p. 39-43.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"39","endPage":"43","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":232491,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"42","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8822e4b08c986b3167f5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blackwood, D.","contributorId":39853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blackwood","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Parolski, K.","contributorId":13010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parolski","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70023786,"text":"70023786 - 2001 - Sample-size requirements for evaluating population size structure","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:13","indexId":"70023786","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sample-size requirements for evaluating population size structure","docAbstract":"A method with an accompanying computer program is described to estimate the number of individuals needed to construct a sample length-frequency with a given accuracy and precision. First, a reference length-frequency assumed to be accurate for a particular sampling gear and collection strategy was constructed. Bootstrap procedures created length-frequencies with increasing sample size that were randomly chosen from the reference data and then were compared with the reference length-frequency by calculating the mean squared difference. Outputs from two species collected with different gears and an artificial even length-frequency are used to describe the characteristics of the method. The relations between the number of individuals used to construct a length-frequency and the similarity to the reference length-frequency followed a negative exponential distribution and showed the importance of using 300-400 individuals whenever possible.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/1548-8675(2001)021<0660:SSRFEP>2.0.CO;2","issn":"02755947","usgsCitation":"Vokoun, J., Rabeni, C., and Stanovick, J., 2001, Sample-size requirements for evaluating population size structure: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 21, no. 3, p. 660-665, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8675(2001)021<0660:SSRFEP>2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"660","endPage":"665","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207568,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/1548-8675(2001)021<0660:SSRFEP>2.0.CO;2"},{"id":232626,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ab067e4b0c8380cd87abe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vokoun, J.C.","contributorId":75302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vokoun","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rabeni, C.F.","contributorId":67823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rabeni","given":"C.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stanovick, J.S.","contributorId":20510,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanovick","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70023368,"text":"70023368 - 2001 - Seasonal subsidence and rebound in Las Vegas Valley, Nevada, observed by Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-09-06T11:25:24","indexId":"70023368","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonal subsidence and rebound in Las Vegas Valley, Nevada, observed by Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry","docAbstract":"

Analyses of areal variations in the subsidence and rebound occurring over stressed aquifer systems, in conjunction with measurements of the hydraulic head fluctuations causing these displacements, can yield valuable information about the compressibility and storage properties of the aquifer system. Historically, stress‐strain relationships have been derived from paired extensometer/piezometer installations, which provide only point source data. Because of the general unavailability of spatially detailed deformation data, areal stress‐strain relations and their variability are not commonly considered in constraining conceptual and numerical models of aquifer systems. Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) techniques can map ground displacements at a spatial scale of tens of meters over 100 km wide swaths. InSAR has been used previously to characterize larger magnitude, generally permanent aquifer system compaction and land subsidence at yearly and longer timescales, caused by sustained drawdown of groundwater levels that produces intergranular stresses consistently greater than the maximum historical stress. We present InSAR measurements of the typically small‐magnitude, generally recoverable deformations of the Las Vegas Valley aquifer system occurring at seasonal timescales. From these we derive estimates of the elastic storage coefficient for the aquifer system at several locations in Las Vegas Valley. These high‐resolution measurements offer great potential for future investigations into the mechanics of aquifer systems and the spatial heterogeneity of aquifer system structure and material properties as well as for monitoring ongoing aquifer system compaction and land subsidence.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2000WR900404","usgsCitation":"Hoffmann, J., Zebker, H.A., Galloway, D.L., and Amelung, F., 2001, Seasonal subsidence and rebound in Las Vegas Valley, Nevada, observed by Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry: Water Resources Research, v. 37, no. 6, p. 1551-1566, https://doi.org/10.1029/2000WR900404.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1551","endPage":"1566","costCenters":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478907,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2000wr900404","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":232323,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Las Vegas Valley","volume":"37","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b88dae4b08c986b316bdc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoffmann, Jorn","contributorId":15693,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hoffmann","given":"Jorn","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zebker, Howard A.","contributorId":80401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zebker","given":"Howard","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Galloway, Devin L. 0000-0003-0904-5355 dlgallow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0904-5355","contributorId":679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galloway","given":"Devin","email":"dlgallow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":5058,"text":"Office of the Chief Scientist for Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":509,"text":"Office of the Associate Director for Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5078,"text":"Southwest Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":397422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Amelung, Falk","contributorId":124563,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amelung","given":"Falk","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":5112,"text":"University of Miami","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":397425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70023345,"text":"70023345 - 2001 - Biogeochemistry of silica in Devils Lake: Implications for diatom preservation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:15","indexId":"70023345","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2411,"text":"Journal of Paleolimnology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Biogeochemistry of silica in Devils Lake: Implications for diatom preservation","docAbstract":"Diatom-salinity records from sediment cores have been used to construct climate records of saline-lake basins. In many cases, this has been done without thorough understanding of the preservation potential of the diatoms in the sediments through time. The purpose of this study was to determine the biogeochemistry of silica in Devils Lake and evaluate the potential effects of silica cycling on diatom preservation. During the period of record, 1867-1999, lake levels have fluctuated from 427 m above sea level in 1940 to 441.1 m above sea level in 1999. The biogeochemistry of silica in Devils Lake is dominated by internal cycling. During the early 1990s when lake levels were relatively high, about 94% of the biogenic silica (BSi) produced in Devils Lake was recycled in the water column before burial. About 42% of the BSi that was incorporated in bottom sediments was dissolved and diffused back into the lake, and the remaining 58% was buried. Therefore, the BSi accumulation rate was about 3% of the BSi assimilation rate. Generally, the results obtained from this study are similar to those obtained from studies of the biogeochemistry of silica in large oligotrophic lakes and the open ocean where most of the BSi produced is recycled in surface water. During the mid 1960s when lake levels were relatively low, BSi assimilation and water-column dissolution rates were much higher than when lake levels were high. The BSi assimilation rate was as much as three times higher during low lake levels. Even with the much higher BSi assimilation rate, the BSi accumulation rate was about three times lower because the BSi water-column dissolution rate was more than 99% of the BSi assimilation rate compared to 94% during high lake levels. Variations in the biogeochemistry of silica with lake level have important implications for paleolimnologic studies. Increased BSi water-column dissolution during decreasing lake levels may alter the diatom-salinity record by selectively removing the less resistant diatoms. Also, BSi accumulation may be proportional to the amount of silica input from tributary sources. Therefore, BSi accumulation chronologies from sediment cores may be effective records of tributary inflow.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Paleolimnology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1023/A:1011143809891","issn":"09212728","usgsCitation":"Lent, R., and Lyons, B., 2001, Biogeochemistry of silica in Devils Lake: Implications for diatom preservation: Journal of Paleolimnology, v. 26, no. 1, p. 53-66, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1011143809891.","startPage":"53","endPage":"66","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232561,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":207533,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1011143809891"}],"volume":"26","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f159e4b0c8380cd4abe8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lent, R.M.","contributorId":80317,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lent","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lyons, B.","contributorId":63199,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyons","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70023541,"text":"70023541 - 2001 - Quantifying the relative importance of flow regulation and grain size regulation of suspended sediment transport α and tracking changes in grain size of bed sediment β","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-30T10:35:49","indexId":"70023541","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying the relative importance of flow regulation and grain size regulation of suspended sediment transport α and tracking changes in grain size of bed sediment β","docAbstract":"

To predict changes in sediment transport, it is essential to know whether transport is regulated mainly by changes in flow or by changes in grain size of sediment on the bed. In flows where changes in suspended sediment transport are regulated purely by changes in flow (grain size of bed sediment is constant), increases in flow strength cause increases in both concentration and grain size of sediment in suspension (because stronger flows are able to suspend more sediment and coarser grains). Under this constraint of constant grain size of bed sediment concentration and median diameter of suspended sediment are positively correlated. In contrast, where transport is regulated purely by changes in grain size of sediment on the bed, concentration and median diameter of suspended sediment are negatively correlated (because increasing the median diameter of the bed sediment causes the concentration to decrease while causing the median grain size in suspension to increase). Where both flow strength and grain size on the bed are free to vary, the relation between concentration and grain size in suspension can be used to quantify the importance of grain size regulation relative to flow regulation of sediment transport, a measure defined as α. To predict sediment transport in systems that are regulated dominantly by changes in grain size on the bed, it is more useful to measure sediment input events or changes in grain size on the bed than to measure changes in flow. More commonly, grain size of bed sediment may be secondary to flow in regulating transport but may, nevertheless, be important. The relative coarseness of bed sediment (β) can be measured directly or, like α, can be calculated from measurements of concentration and grain size of suspended sediment.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2000WR900250","usgsCitation":"Rubin, D.M., and Topping, D.J., 2001, Quantifying the relative importance of flow regulation and grain size regulation of suspended sediment transport α and tracking changes in grain size of bed sediment β: Water Resources Research, v. 37, no. 1, p. 133-146, https://doi.org/10.1029/2000WR900250.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"133","endPage":"146","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478931,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2000wr900250","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":232492,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"37","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a91ede4b0c8380cd80544","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rubin, David M. 0000-0003-1169-1452 drubin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1169-1452","contributorId":3159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rubin","given":"David","email":"drubin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":397978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Topping, David J. 0000-0002-2104-4577 dtopping@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2104-4577","contributorId":715,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Topping","given":"David","email":"dtopping@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":397977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70023784,"text":"70023784 - 2001 - Empirical assessment of indices of prey importance in the diets of predacious fish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:13","indexId":"70023784","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Empirical assessment of indices of prey importance in the diets of predacious fish","docAbstract":"Determining the importance of prey taxa in the diets of predacious species is a frequent objective in fisheries research. Various indices of prey importance are in common use, and all give different results because of their emphasis on different aspects of fish diets. We explored these differences by empirically comparing four well-known indices-percent weight (%W), percent occurrence (%O), percent number (%N), and percent index of relative importance (%IRI)-as well as a modified %IRI (%MIRI), as applied to an extensive data set on the diets of six fish species in Spirit Lake, Iowa. Correlations among all indices were positive but were weaker among component indices (%W, %O, and %N) than between the two compound indices (%IRI and %MIRI); correlations among component indices were also weaker than correlations of compound with component indices. Correlation strength of %MIRI with the three component indices varied greatly (%N %O %W), whereas the correlation strength of %IRI with component indices was similar. Importance values based on %W, %MIRI, and %N depend more on prey size than those based on %IRI and %O. The %W and %MIRI emphasized the importance of large prey taxa, whereas %N emphasized small prey in diets; %IRI and %O were similarly unbiased with respect to prey size. The %O yielded substantially higher importance values than all other indices. Thus, for use as a general index of dietary importance, we believe %IRI provides the optimal balancing of frequency of occurrence, numerical abundance, and abundance by weight of taxa in fish diets.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/1548-8659(2001)130<0583:EAOIOP>2.0.CO;2","issn":"00028487","usgsCitation":"Liao, H., Pierce, C., and Larscheid, J.G., 2001, Empirical assessment of indices of prey importance in the diets of predacious fish: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 130, no. 4, p. 583-591, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(2001)130<0583:EAOIOP>2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"583","endPage":"591","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487463,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/nrem_pubs/116","text":"External Repository"},{"id":207548,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(2001)130<0583:EAOIOP>2.0.CO;2"},{"id":232586,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"130","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0905e4b0c8380cd51d77","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Liao, H.","contributorId":42752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liao","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pierce, C.L. 0000-0001-5088-5431","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5088-5431","contributorId":93606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierce","given":"C.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Larscheid, J. G.","contributorId":11796,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Larscheid","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70023783,"text":"70023783 - 2001 - Using multiple geochemical tracers to characterize the hydrogeology of the submarine spring off Crescent Beach, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-03T16:49:35.074196","indexId":"70023783","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using multiple geochemical tracers to characterize the hydrogeology of the submarine spring off Crescent Beach, Florida","docAbstract":"

A spectacular submarine spring is located about 4 km east of Crescent Beach, FL, in the Atlantic Ocean. The single vent feature of Crescent Beach Spring provides a unique opportunity to examine onshore–offshore hydrogeologic processes, as well as point source submarine ground water discharge. The Floridan aquifer system in northeastern Florida consists of Tertiary interspersed limestone and dolomite strata. Impermeable beds confine the water-bearing zones under artesian pressure. Miocene and younger confining strata have been eroded away at the vent feature, enabling direct hydrologic communication of Eocene ground water with coastal bottom waters.

The spring water had a salinity of 6.02, which was immediately diluted by ambient seawater during advection/mixing. The concentration of major solutes in spring water and onshore well waters confirm a generalized easterly flow direction of artesian ground water. Nutrient concentrations were generally low in the reducing vent samples, and the majority of the total nitrogen species existed as NH3. The submarine ground water tracers, Rn-222 (1174 dpm l−1, dpm), methane (232 nM) and barium (294.5 nM) were all highly enriched in the spring water relative to ambient seawater. The concentrations of the reverse redox elements U, V and Mo were expectedly low in the submarine waters. The strontium isotope ratio of the vent water (87Sr/86Sr=0.70798) suggests that the spring water contain an integrated signature indicative of Floridan aquifer system ground water. Additional Sr isotopic ratios from a series of surficial and Lower Floridan well samples suggest dynamic ground water mixing, and do not provide clear evidence for a single hydrogeologic water source at the spring vent. In this karst-dominated aquifer, such energetic mixing at the vent feature is expected, and would be facilitated by conduit and fractured flow. Radium isotope activities were utilized to estimate flow-path trajectories and to provide information on potential travel times between an onshore well and the spring. Using either 223Ra and 224Ra or 228Ra, and qualifying this approach with several key assumptions, estimates of water mass travel times from an upper Floridan well in Crescent Beach to the submarine vent feature (distance=4050 m) are in the order of ∼0.01–0.1 m min−1.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0009-2541(01)00322-9","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Swarzenski, P., Reich, C., Spechler, R., Kindinger, J., and Moore, W., 2001, Using multiple geochemical tracers to characterize the hydrogeology of the submarine spring off Crescent Beach, Florida: Chemical Geology, v. 179, no. 1-4, p. 187-202, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2541(01)00322-9.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"187","endPage":"202","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232585,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Crescent Beach","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.28028869628905,\n 29.74798440371394\n ],\n [\n -81.23153686523438,\n 29.74798440371394\n ],\n [\n -81.23153686523438,\n 29.786429141465277\n ],\n [\n -81.28028869628905,\n 29.786429141465277\n ],\n [\n -81.28028869628905,\n 29.74798440371394\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"179","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc07be4b08c986b32a152","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Swarzenski, P.W. 0000-0003-0116-0578","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0116-0578","contributorId":29487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swarzenski","given":"P.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reich, C. D. 0000-0002-2534-1456","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2534-1456","contributorId":36978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reich","given":"C. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Spechler, R. M.","contributorId":85961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spechler","given":"R. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kindinger, J. L.","contributorId":38983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kindinger","given":"J. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Moore, W.S.","contributorId":90875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"W.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70023782,"text":"70023782 - 2001 - In situ stimulation of groundwater denitrification with formate to remediate nitrate contamination","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-03T09:43:33","indexId":"70023782","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"In situ stimulation of groundwater denitrification with formate to remediate nitrate contamination","docAbstract":"In situ stimulation of denitrification has been proposed as a mechanism to remediate groundwater nitrate contamination. In this study, sodium formate was added to a sand and gravel aquifer on Cape Cod, MA, to test whether formate could serve as a potential electron donor for subsurface denitrification. During 16- and 10-day trials, groundwater from an anoxic nitrate-containing zone (0.5-1.5 mM) was continuously withdrawn, amended with formate and bromide, and pumped back into the aquifer. Concentrations of groundwater constituents were monitored in multilevel samplers after up to 15 m of transport by natural gradient flow. Nitrate and formate concentrations were decreased 80-100% and 60-70%, respectively, with time and subsequent travel distance, while nitrite concentrations inversely increased. The field experiment breakthrough curves were simulated with a two-dimensional site-specific model that included transport, denitrification, and microbial growth. Initial values for model parameters were obtained from laboratory incubations with aquifer core material and then refined to fit field breakthrough curves. The model and the lab results indicated that formate-enhanced nitrite reduction was nearly 4-fold slower than nitrate reduction, but in the lab, nitrite was completely consumed with sufficient exposure time. Results of this study suggest that a long-term injection of formate is necessary to test the remediation potential of this approach for nitrate contamination and that adaptation to nitrite accumulation will be a key determinative factor.In situ stimulation of denitrification has been proposed as a mechanism to remediate groundwater nitrate contamination. In this study, sodium formate was added to a sand and gravel aquifer on Cape Cod, MA, to test whether formate could serve as a potential electron donor for subsurface denitrification. During 16- and 10-day trials, groundwater from an anoxic nitrate-containing zone (0.5-1.5 mM) was continuously withdrawn, amended with formate and bromide, and pumped back into the aquifer. Concentrations of groundwater constituents were monitored in multilevel samplers after up to 15 m of transport by natural gradient flow. Nitrate and formate concentrations were decreased 80-100% and 60-70%, respectively, with time and subsequent travel distance, while nitrite concentrations inversely increased. The field experiment breakthrough curves were simulated with a two-dimensional site-specific model that included transport, denitrification, and microbial growth. Initial values for model parameters were obtained from laboratory incubations with aquifer core material and then refined to fit field breakthrough curves. The model and the lab results indicated that formate-enhanced nitrite reduction was nearly 4-fold slower than nitrate reduction, but in the lab, nitrite was completely consumed with sufficient exposure time. Results of this study suggest that a long-term injection of formate is necessary to test the remediation potential of this approach for nitrate contamination and that adaptation to nitrite accumulation will be a key determinative factor.","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es001360p","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Smith, R.L., Miller, D., Brooks, M.H., Widdowson, M., and Killingstad, M., 2001, In situ stimulation of groundwater denitrification with formate to remediate nitrate contamination: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 35, no. 1, p. 196-203, https://doi.org/10.1021/es001360p.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"196","endPage":"203","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":232547,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":207525,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es001360p"}],"volume":"35","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2000-11-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a39abe4b0c8380cd619da","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, R. L.","contributorId":93904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":398823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, D.N.","contributorId":36324,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"D.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brooks, M. H.","contributorId":107735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brooks","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Widdowson, M.A.","contributorId":46262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Widdowson","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Killingstad, M.W.","contributorId":105478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Killingstad","given":"M.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70023543,"text":"70023543 - 2001 - The Khida terrane - Geochronological and isotopic evidence for Paleoproterozoic and Archean crust in the eastern Arabian Shield of Saudi Arabia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-30T14:37:31","indexId":"70023543","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1848,"text":"Gondwana Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Khida terrane - Geochronological and isotopic evidence for Paleoproterozoic and Archean crust in the eastern Arabian Shield of Saudi Arabia","docAbstract":"
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The Khida terrane of the eastern Arabian Shield of Saudi Arabia has been proposed as being underlain by Paleoproterozoic to Archean continental crust (Stoeser and Stacey, 1988). Detailed geological aspects of the Khida terrane, particularly resulting from new fieldwork during 1999, are discussed in a companion abstract (Stoeser et al., this volume). We present conventional and ion- microprobe U-Pb zircon geoenronology, Nd whole-rock, and feldspar Pb isotopic data that further elucidate the pre-Pan-African evolution of the Khida terrane. Locations for the Muhayil samples described below are shown in figure 2 of Stoeser et al. (this volume). 

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","language":"English","publisher":"International Association for Gondwana Research","publisherLocation":"Osaka, Japan","doi":"10.1016/S1342-937X(05)70695-X","issn":"1342937X","usgsCitation":"Whitehouse, M., Stoeser, D.B., and Stacey, J.S., 2001, The Khida terrane - Geochronological and isotopic evidence for Paleoproterozoic and Archean crust in the eastern Arabian Shield of Saudi Arabia: Gondwana Research, v. 4, no. 2, p. 200-202, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1342-937X(05)70695-X.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"200","endPage":"202","numberOfPages":"3","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232494,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Saudi Arabia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 40,\n 16\n ],\n [\n 35,\n 29\n ],\n [\n 44.5,\n 29\n ],\n [\n 44.5,\n 16\n ],\n [\n 40,\n 16\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba79ce4b08c986b32169e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Whitehouse, M.J.","contributorId":87699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitehouse","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stoeser, D. B.","contributorId":18735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stoeser","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stacey, J. S.","contributorId":72785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stacey","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70023781,"text":"70023781 - 2001 - Reproductive ecology and demography of the 'Akohekohe","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-12T13:44:11","indexId":"70023781","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1318,"text":"Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reproductive ecology and demography of the 'Akohekohe","docAbstract":"

The ‘Ākohekohe (Palmeria dolei) is an endangered Hawaiian honeycreeper endemic to the montane rain forests of east Maui in the Hawaiian Islands. We investigated ‘Ākohekohe nesting ecology using color-banded birds for the first time as a background to understanding the species' conservation. From 1994–1997, we color-banded 78 individuals, located and monitored 46 active nests, and took behavioral data during 534 hr of nest observation at Hanawī Natural Area Reserve, near the center of the species' range. ‘Ākohekohe nesting behavior and life history closely resembled that of ‘Apapane (Himatione sanguinea) and related honeycreepers. The birds were monogamous within and among years, and we found no evidence of polyandry, polygyny, or helpers at the nest. The nesting season extended from November to early June. Females performed all incubation and brooding. Males provisioned females and nestlings, and they were more active than females in feeding fledglings during the two-week period of parental dependency. Modal clutch size, as determined from egg counts at three nests and by counting begging chicks at other nests, was two eggs, and parents frequently fledged two chicks. We found an overall nest success rate of 68% by the Mayfield method, a high rate compared with other Hawaiian honeycreepers and continental passerines. An average of 1.1 chicks fledged per active nest, and at least 42% of nesting pairs made two or more nesting attempts per season. Rats (Rattus spp.) were abundant at the study site, and we confirmed their depredating some ‘Ākohekohe nests, so we did not expect to find such a high rate of nest success. The estimated annual probability of adult survival was also high, at 0.95 ± 0.10 (SE).

","language":"English","publisher":"Cooper Onithological Society","doi":"10.1650/0010-5422(2001)103[0736:READOT]2.0.CO;2","issn":"00105422","usgsCitation":"Simon, J.C., Pratt, T.K., Berlin, K.E., and Kowalsky, J.R., 2001, Reproductive ecology and demography of the 'Akohekohe: Condor, v. 103, no. 4, p. 736-745, https://doi.org/10.1650/0010-5422(2001)103[0736:READOT]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"736","endPage":"745","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":478917,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1650/0010-5422(2001)103[0736:readot]2.0.co;2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":232546,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"103","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa8cae4b0c8380cd85a92","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Simon, John C.","contributorId":71673,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simon","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pratt, Thane K. tkpratt@usgs.gov","contributorId":5495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pratt","given":"Thane","email":"tkpratt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":398817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Berlin, Kim E.","contributorId":70522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berlin","given":"Kim","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kowalsky, James R.","contributorId":54707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kowalsky","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70023780,"text":"70023780 - 2001 - Volcano monitoring using the Global Positioning System: Filtering strategies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-17T19:43:58.015268","indexId":"70023780","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Volcano monitoring using the Global Positioning System: Filtering strategies","docAbstract":"

Permanent Global Positioning System (GPS) networks are routinely used for producing improved orbits and monitoring secular tectonic deformation. For these applications, data are transferred to an analysis center each day and routinely processed in 24-hour segments. To use GPS for monitoring volcanic events, which may last only a few hours, real-time or near real-time data processing and subdaily position estimates are valuable. Strategies have been researched for obtaining station coordinates every 15 min using a Kalman filter; these strategies have been tested on data collected by a GPS network on Kilauea Volcano. Data from this network are tracked continuously, recorded every 30 s, and telemetered hourly to the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory. A white noise model is heavily impacted by data outages and poor satellite geometry, but a properly constrained random walk model fits the data well. Using a borehole tiltmeter at Kilauea's summit as ground-truth, solutions using different random walk constraints were compared. This study indicates that signals on the order of 5 mm/h are resolvable using a random walk standard deviation of 0.45 cm/√h. Values lower than this suppress small signals, and values greater than this have significantly higher noise at periods of 1–6 hours.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2001JB000305","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Larson, K., Cervelli, P., Lisowski, M., Mikijus, A., Segall, P., and Owen, S., 2001, Volcano monitoring using the Global Positioning System: Filtering strategies: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 106, no. B9, p. 19453-19464, https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JB000305.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"19453","endPage":"19464","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":489806,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2001jb000305","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":232510,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","otherGeospatial":"Kīlauea","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.26777118658742,\n 19.398103039773005\n ],\n [\n -155.26519626593304,\n 19.40231282179836\n ],\n [\n -155.2530083081693,\n 19.407655849794338\n ],\n [\n -155.23910373663622,\n 19.406846311379084\n ],\n [\n -155.23704380011282,\n 19.414941514169755\n ],\n [\n -155.24974674200735,\n 19.42433144440021\n ],\n [\n -155.26021808600137,\n 19.43015940404547\n ],\n [\n -155.279959144351,\n 19.4316163612869\n ],\n [\n -155.29849857306192,\n 19.41332250585515\n ],\n [\n -155.29884189581594,\n 19.40490340274536\n ],\n [\n -155.29437870001507,\n 19.40490340274536\n ],\n [\n -155.29386371588427,\n 19.394055069727003\n ],\n [\n -155.28013080572794,\n 19.396807700313744\n ],\n [\n -155.26777118658742,\n 19.398103039773005\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"106","issue":"B9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2001-09-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc335e4b08c986b32b005","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Larson, K.M.","contributorId":84949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cervelli, Peter 0000-0001-6765-1009","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6765-1009","contributorId":46724,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cervelli","given":"Peter","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lisowski, M.","contributorId":70381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lisowski","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mikijus, Asta 0000-0002-2286-1886","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2286-1886","contributorId":80431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mikijus","given":"Asta","affiliations":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":398815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Segall, P.","contributorId":44231,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Segall","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Owen, S.","contributorId":56810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Owen","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70023344,"text":"70023344 - 2001 - Survey of fishes and environmental conditions in Abbotts Lagoon, Point Reyes National Seashore, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-25T11:42:25","indexId":"70023344","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1153,"text":"California Fish and Game","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Survey of fishes and environmental conditions in Abbotts Lagoon, Point Reyes National Seashore, California","docAbstract":"

This study was conducted to gain a better understanding of fishery resources in Abbotts Lagoon, Point Reyes National Seashore. During February/March, May, August, and November 1999, fish were sampled with floating variable-mesh gill nets and small minnow traps from as many as 14 sites in the lagoon. Water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, total ammonia(NH3 + NH4+), salinity, turbidity, water depth, and bottom substrate composition were also measured at each site. A total of 2,656 fish represented by eight species was captured during the study. Gill nets captured Sacramento perch, Archoplites interruptus; largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides; Pacific herring, Clupea pallasi; prickly sculpin, Cottus asper, silver surfperch, Hyperprosopon ellipticum; longfin smelt, Spirinchus thaleichthys; and striped bass, Morone saxatilis; whereas minnow traps captured Sacramento perch; prickly sculpin; and threespine stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus. Cluster analysis (Ward's minimum variance method of fish catch statistics identified two major species assemblages-the first dominated by Sacramento perch and, to a lesser extent, by largemouth bass, and the second dominated by Pacific herring and threespine stickleback. Simple discriminant analysis of environmental variables indicated that salinity contributed the most towards separating the two assemblages.

","language":"English","issn":"00081078","usgsCitation":"Saiki, M.K., and Martin, B., 2001, Survey of fishes and environmental conditions in Abbotts Lagoon, Point Reyes National Seashore, California: California Fish and Game, v. 87, no. 4, p. 123-138.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"123","endPage":"138","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":232522,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"87","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba28fe4b08c986b31f7c3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Saiki, M. K.","contributorId":28917,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saiki","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Martin, B.A.","contributorId":91269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"B.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70023343,"text":"70023343 - 2001 - Timescales for nitrate contamination of spring waters, northern Florida, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-26T19:38:10","indexId":"70023343","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Timescales for nitrate contamination of spring waters, northern Florida, USA","docAbstract":"

Residence times of groundwater, discharging from springs in the middle Suwannee River Basin, were estimated using chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), tritium (3H), and tritium/helium-3 (3H/3He) age-dating methods to assess the chronology of nitrate contamination of spring waters in northern Florida. During base-flow conditions for the Suwannee River in 1997–1999, 17 water samples were collected from 12 first, second, and third magnitude springs discharging groundwater from the Upper Floridan aquifer. Extending age-dating techniques, using transient tracers to spring waters in complex karst systems, required an assessment of several models [piston-flow (PFM), exponential mixing (EMM), and binary-mixing (BMM)] to account for different distributions of groundwater age. Multi-tracer analyses of four springs yielded generally concordant PFM ages of around 20±2 years from CFC-12, CFC-113, 3H, and 3He, with evidence of partial CFC-11 degradation. The EMM gave a reasonable fit to CFC-113, CFC-12, and 3H data, but did not reproduce the observed 3He concentrations or 3H/3He ratios, nor did a combination PFM–EMM. The BMM could reproduce most of the multi-tracer data set only if both endmembers had 3H concentrations not much different from modern values. CFC analyses of 14 additional springs yielded apparent PFM ages from about 10 to 20 years from CFC-113, with evidence of partial CFC-11 degradation and variable CFC-12 contamination. While it is not conclusive, with respect to the age distribution within each spring, the data indicate that the average residence times were in the order of 10–20 years and were roughly proportional to spring magnitude. Applying similar models to recharge and discharge of nitrate based on historical nitrogen loading data yielded contrasting trends for Suwanee County and Lafayette County. In Suwanee County, spring nitrate trends and nitrogen isotope data were consistent with a peak in fertilizer input in the 1970s and a relatively high overall ratio of artificial fertilizer/manure; whereas in Lafayette County, spring nitrate trends and nitrogen isotope data were consistent with a more monotonic increase in fertilizer input and relatively low overall ratio of artificial fertilizer/manure. The combined results of this study indicate that the nitrate concentrations of springs in the Suwannee River basin have responded to increased nitrogen loads from various sources in the watersheds over the last few decades; however, the responses have been subdued and delayed because the average residence time of groundwater discharging from springs are in the order of decades.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0009-2541(01)00321-7","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Katz, B., Böhlke, J., and Hornsby, H., 2001, Timescales for nitrate contamination of spring waters, northern Florida, USA: Chemical Geology, v. 179, no. 1-4, p. 167-186, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2541(01)00321-7.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"167","endPage":"186","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":232521,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":207515,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2541(01)00321-7"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -87.36328125,\n 30.334953881988564\n ],\n [\n -86.98974609375,\n 30.278044377800153\n ],\n [\n -86.2646484375,\n 30.240086360983426\n ],\n [\n -85.6494140625,\n 29.935895213372444\n ],\n [\n -85.45166015624999,\n 29.592565403314087\n ],\n [\n -85.0341796875,\n 29.592565403314087\n ],\n [\n -84.19921875,\n 29.783449456820605\n ],\n [\n -84.17724609375,\n 29.99300228455108\n ],\n [\n -83.8916015625,\n 29.916852233070173\n ],\n [\n -83.49609375,\n 29.477861195816843\n ],\n [\n -83.03466796874999,\n 28.94086176940557\n ],\n [\n -82.9248046875,\n 29.075375179558346\n ],\n [\n -82.79296874999999,\n 28.671310915880834\n ],\n [\n -80.79345703125,\n 28.825425374477224\n ],\n [\n -81.2548828125,\n 29.6880527498568\n ],\n [\n -81.45263671875,\n 30.732392734006083\n ],\n [\n -82.02392578125,\n 30.86451022625836\n ],\n [\n -82.0458984375,\n 30.637912028341123\n ],\n [\n -84.83642578125,\n 30.789036751261136\n ],\n [\n -85.0341796875,\n 31.052933985705163\n ],\n [\n -87.64892578125,\n 31.034108344903512\n ],\n [\n -87.36328125,\n 30.334953881988564\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"179","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb3e2e4b08c986b32604a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Katz, B. G.","contributorId":82702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Katz","given":"B. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Böhlke, J.K. 0000-0001-5693-6455","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":96696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Böhlke","given":"J.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hornsby, H.D.","contributorId":91139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hornsby","given":"H.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70023342,"text":"70023342 - 2001 - Experimental controls on D/H and 13C/12C ratios of kerogen, bitumen and oil during hydrous pyrolysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:15","indexId":"70023342","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2958,"text":"Organic Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Experimental controls on D/H and 13C/12C ratios of kerogen, bitumen and oil during hydrous pyrolysis","docAbstract":"Large isotopic transfers between water-derived hydrogen and organic hydrogen occurred during hydrous pyrolysis experiments of immature source rocks, in spite of only small changes in organic 13C/12C. Experiments at 330 ??C over 72 h using chips or powder containing kerogen types I and III identify the rock/water ratio as a main factor affecting ????D for water and organic hydrogen. Our data suggest that larger rock permeability and smaller rock grain size increase the H-isotopic transfer between water-derived hydrogen and thermally maturing organic matter. Increasing hydrostatic pressure may have a similar effect, but the evidence remains inconclusive. ?? 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Organic Geochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0146-6380(01)00059-6","issn":"01466380","usgsCitation":"Schimmelmann, A., Boudou, J., Lewan, M.D., and Wintsch, R., 2001, Experimental controls on D/H and 13C/12C ratios of kerogen, bitumen and oil during hydrous pyrolysis: Organic Geochemistry, v. 32, no. 8, p. 1009-1018, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0146-6380(01)00059-6.","startPage":"1009","endPage":"1018","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":478952,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hal-bioemco.ccsd.cnrs.fr/bioemco-00156849","text":"External Repository"},{"id":207489,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0146-6380(01)00059-6"},{"id":232480,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"32","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0dc4e4b0c8380cd531aa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schimmelmann, A.","contributorId":28348,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schimmelmann","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boudou, J.-P.","contributorId":38739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boudou","given":"J.-P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lewan, M. D.","contributorId":46540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewan","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wintsch, R. P.","contributorId":104921,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wintsch","given":"R. P.","affiliations":[{"id":13366,"text":"Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":397321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70023341,"text":"70023341 - 2001 - Dynamics of diffuse pollution from US southern watersheds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:15","indexId":"70023341","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3716,"text":"Water Research","onlineIssn":"1879-2448","printIssn":"0043-1354","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dynamics of diffuse pollution from US southern watersheds","docAbstract":"To understand the effects of diffuse pollution information on the source of pollutants, quantities in transport, mode of transport, transient nature of the pollution event, and most importantly, a consideration of remediation efforts need to be known. For example, water quality research in the Yazoo Basin uplands in Mississippi has shown sediment loads from a conventional-till upland soybean watershed to be about 19,000kg/ha/yr, and responsible for 77-96% of P and N in transport. In contrast, sediment loads from a comparable no-till soybean watershed were only 500kg/ha/yr, transporting about 31% of P and N in transport. Sediment loads from a nearby forested area were low, about 200kg/ha/yr, but responsible for about 47-76% of P and N in transport. Transient pollution events are responsible for the transport of large quantities of sediment, nutrients, and pesticides; in some storm events nearly the annual load. Best management practices (BMPs) must be designed to remediate diffuse pollution and the transient nature of pollution events which can have a profound effect on the ecological health of steams and reservoirs. Copyright ?? 2001 .","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0043-1354(00)00510-8","issn":"00431354","usgsCitation":"Schreiber, J., Rebich, R., and Cooper, C., 2001, Dynamics of diffuse pollution from US southern watersheds: Water Research, v. 35, no. 10, p. 2534-2542, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1354(00)00510-8.","startPage":"2534","endPage":"2542","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207488,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1354(00)00510-8"},{"id":232479,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0432e4b0c8380cd50848","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schreiber, J.D.","contributorId":84117,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schreiber","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rebich, R.A.","contributorId":20788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rebich","given":"R.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cooper, C.M.","contributorId":20509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cooper","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70023568,"text":"70023568 - 2001 - Investigations of the availability and survival of submersed aquatic vegetation propagules in the tidal Potomac River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-13T16:15:21.699442","indexId":"70023568","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1583,"text":"Estuaries","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Investigations of the availability and survival of submersed aquatic vegetation propagules in the tidal Potomac River","docAbstract":"

The establishment of submersed aquatic vegetation (SAV) at unvegetated sites in the freshwater tidal Potomac River was limited primarily by factors other than propagule availability. For two years, traps were used to quantify the amount of plant material reaching three unvegetated sites over the growing season. The calculated flux values provided a gross estimate of the flux of propagules that could potentially survive if other site factors were suitable. The mean flux ofHydrilla verticillata and all other species (≥0.01 gdw m−2 d−1) appeared sufficient to favor the establishment of vegetation, particularly considering the high viability (70–100%) of whole plants and fragments under controlled conditions. However, median water clarity values (i.e., for light attenuation, Secchi depth, total suspended solids, and chlorophylla) were below SAV restoration goals at all unvegetated sites. Additionally, sediments from unvegetated sites showed a potential for nitrogen limitation of the growth ofH. verticillata. Our findings support the hypothesis that in the tidal Potomac River, water clarity and nutrient (especially nitrogen) levels in sediment are key to plant community establishment.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.2307/1353242","issn":"01608347","usgsCitation":"Rybicki, N.B., McFarland, D., Ruhl, H., Reel, J.T., and Barko, J., 2001, Investigations of the availability and survival of submersed aquatic vegetation propagules in the tidal Potomac River: Estuaries, v. 24, no. 3, p. 407-424, https://doi.org/10.2307/1353242.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"407","endPage":"424","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232257,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Potomac River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.34649658203125,\n 38.41271038284709\n ],\n [\n -76.96197509765625,\n 38.41271038284709\n ],\n [\n -76.96197509765625,\n 38.93163900447185\n ],\n [\n -77.34649658203125,\n 38.93163900447185\n ],\n [\n -77.34649658203125,\n 38.41271038284709\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"24","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3ec7e4b0c8380cd6401e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rybicki, N. B.","contributorId":97504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rybicki","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McFarland, D.G.","contributorId":100967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McFarland","given":"D.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ruhl, H.","contributorId":31416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruhl","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Reel, J. T.","contributorId":104518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reel","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Barko, J.W.","contributorId":84705,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barko","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70023779,"text":"70023779 - 2001 - Negligible risk associated with the movement of processed rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), from an infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) endemic area","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-20T15:35:03","indexId":"70023779","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2286,"text":"Journal of Fish Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Negligible risk associated with the movement of processed rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), from an infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) endemic area","docAbstract":"

To assess the risk of transmission of infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) associated with the movement of processed rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, from an area where the virus is endemic, 240 freshly eviscerated fish (225-500 g) exhibiting spinal curvature or spinal compression types of deformities were tested for IHNV by virus isolation and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques. Commercially produced rainbow trout, approximately 1-year-old, that exhibited spinal deformities were considered to have had a high likelihood of having survived an outbreak of IHN. Serological analysis of fish exhibiting spinal curvature or spinal compression types of deformities for anti-IHNV antibodies resulted, in 71 and 50% of the serum samples, respectively, with detectable neutralization activity suggesting previous infection with IHNV. A portion of the skin and muscle in the area of the deformity was collected, as well as brain tissue from each commercially processed fish. Tissue homogenates were tested for IHNV using the epithelioma papulosum cyprini (EPC) cell line pretreated with polyethylene glycol and the chinook salmon embryo (CHSE-214) cell line using standard methods. Nested, reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR for the detection of IHNV used the central 1231 bp portion of the glycoprotein (G) challenge studies and is suggested as a mechanism responsible for virus clearance. These results provide scientific information that can be used to assess the risk associated with the movement of processed rainbow trout from an IHNV endemic area.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1046/j.1365-2761.2001.00316.x","issn":"01407775","usgsCitation":"LaPatra, S., Batts, W., Overturf, K., Jones, G., Shewmaker, W.D., and Winton, J., 2001, Negligible risk associated with the movement of processed rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), from an infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) endemic area: Journal of Fish Diseases, v. 24, no. 7, p. 399-408, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2761.2001.00316.x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"399","endPage":"408","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":232509,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":207509,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2761.2001.00316.x"}],"volume":"24","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2001-12-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a643de4b0c8380cd7294b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"LaPatra, S. E.","contributorId":55371,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"LaPatra","given":"S. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Batts, W.N. 0000-0002-6469-9004","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6469-9004","contributorId":51043,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Batts","given":"W.N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Overturf, K.","contributorId":72167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Overturf","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jones, G.N.","contributorId":50690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"G.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Shewmaker, W. D.","contributorId":107066,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shewmaker","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Winton, J. R. 0000-0002-3505-5509","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3505-5509","contributorId":82441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winton","given":"J. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70023777,"text":"70023777 - 2001 - Evidence that coded-wire-tagging procedures can enhance transmission of Renibacterium salmoninarum in chinook salmon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-21T15:20:26","indexId":"70023777","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2177,"text":"Journal of Aquatic Animal Health","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence that coded-wire-tagging procedures can enhance transmission of Renibacterium salmoninarum in chinook salmon","docAbstract":"

Binary coded wire tags (CWTs) are used extensively for identification and management of anadromous salmonid populations. A study of bacterial kidney disease (BKD) in two brood year groups of hatchery-reared spring chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha provided strong evidence that horizontal transmission of Renibacterium salmoninarum, the causative agent of BKD, might be enhanced by CWT-marking procedures. About 4 months after CWTs were implanted in the snouts of juvenile fish, 14-16 different tissues were sampled from each of 60 fish per brood year group for histological analysis. Of the fish that were positive for R. salmoninarum by histological examination, 41% (7 of 17) of the 1988 brood year fish and 24% (10 of 42) of the 1989 brood year fish had BKD lesions confined to the head near the site of tag implantation. These lesions often resulted in the destruction of tissues of one or both olfactory organs. No focal snout infections were observed in fish that had not been marked with CWTs. Further data obtained from tissue analyses by use of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and a fluorescent antibody test for detection of R. salmoninarum supported the hypothesis that infections of R. salmoninarum can be initiated in the snout tissues of CWT-marked fish and then spread to other organs. The tagging procedures might promote transmission of the pathogen among fish via contaminated tagging needles, by facilitating the entry of pathogens through the injection wound, or both. Limited evidence from this study suggested that implantation of passive integrated transponder tags in the peritoneal cavities of fish might also promote the transmission of R. salmoninarum or exacerbate existing infections. The results indicated a need for strict sanitary procedures during the tagging of fish in populations positive for R. salmoninarum to reduce the probability of enhanced horizontal transmission of the pathogen.

","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1577/1548-8667(2001)013<0181:ETCWTP>2.0.CO;2","issn":"08997659","usgsCitation":"Elliott, D., and Pascho, R., 2001, Evidence that coded-wire-tagging procedures can enhance transmission of Renibacterium salmoninarum in chinook salmon: Journal of Aquatic Animal Health, v. 13, no. 3, p. 181-193, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8667(2001)013<0181:ETCWTP>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"181","endPage":"193","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":232467,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":207480,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/1548-8667(2001)013<0181:ETCWTP>2.0.CO;2"}],"volume":"13","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0d71e4b0c8380cd5300b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Elliott, D.G.","contributorId":58226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elliott","given":"D.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pascho, R.J.","contributorId":65796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pascho","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70023340,"text":"70023340 - 2001 - Sulfate-reducing bacteria release barium and radium from naturally occurring radioactive material in oil-field barite","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-30T06:40:35","indexId":"70023340","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1800,"text":"Geomicrobiology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sulfate-reducing bacteria release barium and radium from naturally occurring radioactive material in oil-field barite","docAbstract":"Scale and sludge deposits formed during oil production can contain elevated levels of Ra, often coprecipitated with barium sulfate (barite). The potential for sulfate-reducing bacteria to release 226 Ra and Ba (a Ra analog) from oil-field barite was evaluated. The concentration of dissolved Ba increased when samples containing pipe scale, tank sludge, or oil-field brine pond sediment were incubated with sulfate-reducing bacteria Desulfovibrio sp., Str LZKI, isolated from an oil-field brine pond. However, Ba release was not stoichiometric with sulfide production in oil-field samples, and <0.1% of the Ba was released. Potential for the release of 226Ra was demonstrated, and the 226 Ra release associated with sulfate-reducing activity was predictable from the amount of Ba released. As with Ba, only a fraction of the 226Ra expected from the amount of sulfide produced was released, and most of the Ra remained associated with the solid material.","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/01490450120549","issn":"01490451","usgsCitation":"Phillips, E.J., Landa, E.R., Kraemer, T., and Zielinski, R., 2001, Sulfate-reducing bacteria release barium and radium from naturally occurring radioactive material in oil-field barite: Geomicrobiology Journal, v. 18, no. 2, p. 167-182, https://doi.org/10.1080/01490450120549.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"167","endPage":"182","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":232478,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9dc3e4b08c986b31da71","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Phillips, Elizabeth J.P.","contributorId":37475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"Elizabeth","middleInitial":"J.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Landa, E. R.","contributorId":100002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landa","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kraemer, T.","contributorId":90040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kraemer","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zielinski, R. 0000-0002-4047-5129","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4047-5129","contributorId":7046,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zielinski","given":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":397311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}