{"pageNumber":"315","pageRowStart":"7850","pageSize":"25","recordCount":10457,"records":[{"id":70021655,"text":"70021655 - 1999 - Late Neogene sedimentary facies and sequences in the Pannonian Basin, Hungary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-05T01:17:41.460761","indexId":"70021655","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1785,"text":"Geological Society Special Publication","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late Neogene sedimentary facies and sequences in the Pannonian Basin, Hungary","docAbstract":"This paper is part of the special publication No.156, The Mediterranean basins: Tertiary extension within the Alpine Orogen. (eds B.Durand, L. Jolivet, F.Horvath and M.Seranne). Detailed sedimentological, facies and numerical cycle analysis, combined with magnetostratigraphy, have been made in a number of boreholes in the Pannonian Basin, in order to study the causes of relative water-level changes and the history of the basin subsidence. Subsidence and infilling of the Pannonian Basin, which was an isolated lake at that time occurred mainly during the Late Miocene and Pliocene. The subsidence history was remarkably different in the individual sub-basins: early thermal subsidence was interrupted in the southern part of the basin, while high sedimentation rate and continuous subsidence was detected in the northeastern sub-basin. Three regional unconformities were detected in the Late Neogene Pannonian Basin fill, which represent 0.5 and 7.5 Ma time spans corresponding to single and composite unconformities. Consequently two main sequences build up the Late Neogene Pannonian Basin fill: a Late Miocene and a Pliocene one. Within the Late Miocene sequence there are smaller sedimentary cycles most probably corresponding to climatically driven relative lake-level changes in the Milankovitch frequency band. Considering the periods, the estimated values for precession and eccentricity in this study (19 and 370 ka) are close to the usually cited ones. In the case of obliquity the calculated period (71 ka) slightly deviates from the generally accepted number. Based on the relative amplitudes of oscillations, precession (sixth order) and obliquity (fifth order) cycles had the most significant impact on the sedimentation. Eccentricity caused cycles (fourth order) are poorly detectable in the sediments. The longer term (third order) cycles had very slight influence on the sedimentation pattern. Progradation, recorded in the Late Miocene sequence, correlates poorly in time within the basin. The dominant controls of this process probably were changes of basin subsidence rate and the very high sedimentation rate. The slow, upward trend of silt and sand bed thickness as well as that of the grain size also reflects the local progradation.","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society, London","doi":"10.1144/gsl.sp.1999.156.01.16","issn":"03058719","usgsCitation":"Juhasz, E., Phillips, L., Muller, P., Ricketts, B., Toth-Makk, A., Lantos, M., and Kovacs, L., 1999, Late Neogene sedimentary facies and sequences in the Pannonian Basin, Hungary: Geological Society Special Publication, v. 156, p. 335-356, https://doi.org/10.1144/gsl.sp.1999.156.01.16.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"335","endPage":"356","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":229359,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"156","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1999-10-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a44fbe4b0c8380cd66f3e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Juhasz, E.","contributorId":101400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Juhasz","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":390618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Phillips, L.","contributorId":63556,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":390617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Muller, P.","contributorId":28392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muller","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":390613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ricketts, B.","contributorId":20099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ricketts","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":390612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Toth-Makk, A.","contributorId":59970,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Toth-Makk","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":390616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lantos, M.","contributorId":29594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lantos","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":390614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kovacs, L.O.","contributorId":32700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kovacs","given":"L.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":390615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70174706,"text":"70174706 - 1999 - Water-quality variability in San Francisco Bay: general patterns of change during 1997","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-10T08:52:23","indexId":"70174706","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Water-quality variability in San Francisco Bay: general patterns of change during 1997","docAbstract":"<p>The 1997 Annual Report is the fifth Annual Report from the Regional Monitoring Program for Trace Substances (RMP) and contains a comprehensive description of RMP results from the 1997 monitoring year. As in previous years, the report includes results from the Base Program (water, sediment, and bivalve monitoring) and results from Pilot and Special Studies completed in 1997, in addition to an update on the RMP Five-Year Review implementation. It also includes papers contributed by RMP investigators and other scientists. These articles address related monitoring activities, and help to provide additional insight into contaminant patterns and the impacts of those contaminants on the San Francisco Estuary. The 1997 monitoring year proved to be an unusual one, with record-setting precipitation in December and January followed by unusually dry weather in February and March. These weather patterns had a visible effect on RMP results, frequently creating sharp contrasts in results between the first two sampling cruises of the year, and higher than normal contaminant concentrations at many RMP sampling sites in February. These results, and results from the other aspects of the RMP, are summarized below.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"1997 annual report, San Francisco estuary regional monitoring program for trace substances","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"language":"English","publisher":"San Francisco Estuary Institute","usgsCitation":"Cloern, J., Cole, B., Edmunds, J., and Baylosis, J., 1999, Water-quality variability in San Francisco Bay: general patterns of change during 1997, 15 p.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"67","endPage":"81","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325266,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay Area","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -121.70791625976561,\n              38.11943249695316\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.82464599609375,\n              38.0729603768343\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.904296875,\n              38.08701320402273\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.00042724609374,\n              38.09349821336742\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.9757080078125,\n              38.11078875872392\n            ],\n            [\n         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E.","contributorId":59453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cloern","given":"J. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cole, B.E.","contributorId":66268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cole","given":"B.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Edmunds, J.L.","contributorId":172912,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Edmunds","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Baylosis, J.I.","contributorId":95506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baylosis","given":"J.I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70162615,"text":"70162615 - 1998 - Comparison of the membrane-filtration fluorescent antibody test, the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the polymerase chain reaction to detect <i>Renibacterium salmoninarum</i> in salmon ovarian fluid","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-11T15:57:57","indexId":"70162615","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2492,"text":"Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of the membrane-filtration fluorescent antibody test, the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the polymerase chain reaction to detect <i>Renibacterium salmoninarum</i> in salmon ovarian fluid","docAbstract":"<p><span>Ovarian fluid samples from naturally infected chinook salmon (</span><i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i><span>) were examined for the presence of </span><i>Renibacterium salmoninarum</i><span> by the membrane-filtration fluorescent antibody test (MF-FAT), an antigen capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and a nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR). On the basis of the MF-FAT, 64% (66/103) samples contained detectable levels of </span><i>R. salmoninarum</i><span> cells. Among the positive fish, the </span><i>R. salmoninarum</i><span> concentrations ranged from 25 cells/ml to 4.3 × 10</span><sup>9</sup><span>cells/ml. A soluble antigenic fraction of </span><i>R. salmoninarum</i><span> was detected in 39% of the fish (40/103) by the ELISA. The ELISA is considered one of the most sensitive detection methods for bacterial kidney disease in tissues, yet it did not detect </span><i>R. salmoninarum</i><span> antigen consistently at bacterial cell concentrations below about 1.3 × 10</span><sup>4</sup><span>cells/ml according to the MF-FAT counts. When total DNA was extracted and tested in a nested PCR designed to amplify a 320-base-pair region of the gene encoding a soluble 57-kD protein of </span><i>R. salmoninarum</i><span>, 100% of the 100 samples tested were positive. The results provided strong evidence that </span><i>R. salmoninarum</i><span> may be present in ovarian fluids thought to be free of the bacterium on the basis of standard diagnostic methods.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians","doi":"10.1177/104063879801000111","usgsCitation":"Pascho, R.J., Chase, D.M., and McKibben, C.L., 1998, Comparison of the membrane-filtration fluorescent antibody test, the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the polymerase chain reaction to detect <i>Renibacterium salmoninarum</i> in salmon ovarian fluid: Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation, v. 10, no. 1, p. 60-66, https://doi.org/10.1177/104063879801000111.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"60","endPage":"66","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479667,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/104063879801000111","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":314913,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56a9f83fe4b012c193aa3ec0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pascho, Ronald J.","contributorId":177070,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pascho","given":"Ronald","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chase, Dorothy M. dchase@usgs.gov","contributorId":4786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chase","given":"Dorothy","email":"dchase@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":589904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McKibben, Constance L. cmckibben@usgs.gov","contributorId":3831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKibben","given":"Constance","email":"cmckibben@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":589905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70046294,"text":"70046294 - 1998 - A national look at nitrate contamination of ground water","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70046294,"text":"70046294 - 1998 - A national look at nitrate contamination of ground water","indexId":"70046294","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"title":"A national look at nitrate contamination of ground water"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70024706,"text":"70024706 - 2002 - Probability of nitrate contamination of recently recharged groundwaters in the conterminous United States","indexId":"70024706","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"title":"Probability of nitrate contamination of recently recharged groundwaters in the conterminous United States"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":70024706,"text":"70024706 - 2002 - Probability of nitrate contamination of recently recharged groundwaters in the conterminous United States","indexId":"70024706","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"title":"Probability of nitrate contamination of recently recharged groundwaters in the conterminous United States"},"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-03T08:41:53","indexId":"70046294","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3710,"text":"Water Conditioning and Purification","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A national look at nitrate contamination of ground water","docAbstract":"<p>Ground water provides drinking water for more than one-half of the Nation's population (Solley and others, 1993), and is the sole source of drinking water for many rural communities and some large cities. In 1990, ground water accounted for 39 percent of water withdrawn for public supply for cities and towns and 96 percent of water withdrawn by self-supplied systems for domestic use.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>A variety of chemicals, including nitrate, can pass through the soil and potentially contaminate ground water. Nitrate comes from nitrogen, a plant nutrient supplied by inorganic fertilizer and animal manure. Additionally, airborne nitrogen compounds given off by industry and automobiles are deposited on the land in precipitation and dry particles. Other nonagricultural sources of nitrate include lawn fertilizers, septic systems, and domestic animals in residential areas.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>Beneath agricultural lands, nitrate is the primary form of nitrogen. It is soluble in water and can easily pass through soil to the ground-water table. Nitrate can persist in ground water for decades and accumulate to high levels as more nitrogen is applied to the land surface every year.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>Knowing where and what type of risks to ground water exist can alert water-resource managers and private users of the need to protect water supplies. Although nitrate generally is not an adult public-health threat, ingestion in drinking water by infants can cause low oxygen levels in the blood, a potentially fatal condition (Spalding and Exner, 1993). For this reason, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has established a drinking-water standard of 10 milligrams per liter (mg/L) nitrate as nitrogen (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1995). Nitrate concentrations in natural ground waters are usually less than 2 mg/L (Mueller and others, 1995).</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Publicom","usgsCitation":"Nolan, B.T., Ruddy, B.C., Hitt, K.J., and Helsel, D., 1998, A national look at nitrate contamination of ground water: Water Conditioning and Purification, v. 39, no. 12, p. 76-79.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"76","endPage":"79","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273322,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"county":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.8,24.5 ], [ -124.8,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,24.5 ], [ -124.8,24.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"39","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51b05de0e4b030b5198011a1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nolan, Bernard T. 0000-0002-6945-9659 btnolan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6945-9659","contributorId":2190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nolan","given":"Bernard","email":"btnolan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ruddy, Barbara C. bcruddy@usgs.gov","contributorId":4163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruddy","given":"Barbara","email":"bcruddy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":479393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hitt, Kerie J.","contributorId":54565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hitt","given":"Kerie","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Helsel, Dennis R.","contributorId":85569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Helsel","given":"Dennis R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":5223380,"text":"5223380 - 1998 - Inference methods for spatial variation in species richness and community composition when not all species are detected","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-16T11:38:33.435156","indexId":"5223380","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:45","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1321,"text":"Conservation Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Inference methods for spatial variation in species richness and community composition when not all species are detected","docAbstract":"<p><span>Inferences about spatial variation in species richness and community composition are important both to ecological hypotheses about the structure and function of communities and to community-level conservation and management. Few sampling programs for animal communities provide censuses, and usually some species in surveyed areas are not detected. Thus, counts of species detected underestimate the number of species present. We present estimators useful for drawing inferences about comparative species richness and composition between different sampling locations when not all species are detected in sampling efforts. Based on capture-recapture models using the robust design, our methods estimate relative species richness, proportion of species in one location that are also found in another, and number of species found in one location but not in another. The methods use data on the presence or absence of each species at different sampling occasions (or locations) to estimate the number of species not detected at any occasions (or locations). This approach permits estimation of the number of species in the sampled community and in subsets of the community useful for estimating the fraction of species shared by two communities. We provide an illustration of our estimation methods by comparing bird species richness and composition in two locations sampled by routes of the North American Breeding Bird Survey. In this example analysis, the two locations (and associated bird communities) represented different levels of urbanization. Estimates of relative richness, proportion of shared species, and number of species present on one route but not the other indicated that the route with the smaller fraction of urban area had greater richness and a larger number of species that were not found on the more urban route than vice versa. We developed a software package, COMDYN, for computing estimates based on these methods. Because these estimation methods explicitly deal with sampling in which not all species are detected, we recommend their use for addressing questions about species richness and community composition.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1523-1739.1998.97331.x","usgsCitation":"Nichols, J., Boulinier, T., Hines, J., Pollock, K.H., and Sauer, J., 1998, Inference methods for spatial variation in species richness and community composition when not all species are detected: Conservation Biology, v. 12, no. 6, p. 1390-1398, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.1998.97331.x.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1390","endPage":"1398","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197764,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-07-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49abe4b07f02db5c5b10","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boulinier, T.","contributorId":37845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boulinier","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hines, J.E. 0000-0001-5478-7230","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5478-7230","contributorId":36885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"J.E.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":338606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pollock, K. H.","contributorId":65184,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pollock","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sauer, J.R. 0000-0002-4557-3019","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4557-3019","contributorId":66197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauer","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":5223768,"text":"5223768 - 1998 - Blood changes in mallards exposed to white phosphorus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-19T09:33:54","indexId":"5223768","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:45","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Blood changes in mallards exposed to white phosphorus","docAbstract":"<p>White phosphorus (P<sub>4</sub>) has been extensively used by the military for various purposes, including marking artillery impacts and as an obscurant. Target practice in an Alaskan tidal marsh during the last 4 decades has deposited large amounts of P<sub>4</sub> particles in sediments and water, which have resulted in die-offs of several waterfowl species. Because the toxicity of P<sub>4</sub> in birds has not been well documented and because it is quickly excreted or metabolized in living animals, we sought to determine the effects of experimental dosing on blood characteristics in game farm mallards (<i>Anas platyrhynchos</i>). In two experiments, one employing single doses of 5.4 mg P<sub>4</sub> per kilogram body weight in corn oil and the other using daily repeated doses of pelletized P<sub>4</sub> at either 0.5 or 1.0 mg/kg, there were significant changes in aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), inorganic P, hematocrit, and hemoglobin. Other indications of exposure included changes in uric acid, creatinine, and total protein, which were consistent with reported liver and kidney damage due to this contaminant. Changes in white blood cells included a greater frequency of thrombocytes and fewer lymphocytes in dosed birds compared to controls. A biomarker of exposure based on LDH activity and hemoglobin is proposed.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/etc.5620171221","usgsCitation":"Sparling, D.W., Vann, S., and Grove, R.A., 1998, Blood changes in mallards exposed to white phosphorus: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 17, no. 12, p. 2521-2529, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620171221.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"2521","endPage":"2529","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479676,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620171221","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":202272,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1998-12-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1be4b07f02db6078e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sparling, Donald W.","contributorId":7220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sparling","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vann, S.","contributorId":41561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vann","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grove, Robert A.","contributorId":52134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grove","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5223642,"text":"5223642 - 1998 - History and tradition, or contemporary ornithology? Why ornithological journals should not have bird names","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-09T17:47:34","indexId":"5223642","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:45","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"History and tradition, or contemporary ornithology? Why ornithological journals should not have bird names","docAbstract":"<p>Ask any non-ornithologist to predict the prestige of the following journals, based on the name alone: <i>American Birds, Auk, Bluebird, Condor, Emu, Forktail, Gerfaut, Ibis, Journal of Avian Biology, </i>and<i> Journal of Field Ornithology</i>. The results always will be that the first one and the last two are placed in one category, and the blizzard of bird-named journals in another, lower category. When that same non-ornithologist is called upon to evaluate the publication records of ornithologists, those with important papers in bird-named journals likely will suffer lower rankings. If lucky, an ornithologist under review will receive support from an internationally distinguished ornithological colleague who will take explicit pains to argue that publication in The Auk is a meritorious professional accomplishment. Such arguments, however, may not counteract the damage of a single referee's sneering at the names of the journals in which a bird biologist has chosen to publish. One cannot overstate the importance of the serendipitous collection of peer reviews that determines whether ornithologists get and then keep their first academic jobs, receive tenure, are promoted, are evaluated fairly, and, most important, achieve and maintain the respect of colleagues in other biological disciplines.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.2307/4089137","usgsCitation":"Remsen, J., Kushlan, J., and Loiselle, B., 1998, History and tradition, or contemporary ornithology? Why ornithological journals should not have bird names: The Auk, v. 115, no. 1, p. 252-253, https://doi.org/10.2307/4089137.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"252","endPage":"253","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479678,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/4089137","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":199965,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"115","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a54e4b07f02db62c05f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Remsen, J.V. Jr.","contributorId":82258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Remsen","given":"J.V.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kushlan, J.A.","contributorId":18301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kushlan","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Loiselle, B.A.","contributorId":37854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loiselle","given":"B.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5223792,"text":"5223792 - 1998 - Induction of cytochrome P450-associated monooxygenases in northern leopard frogs, Rana pipiens, by 3,3′,4,4′,5-Pentachlorobiphenyl","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-07T12:15:57.175211","indexId":"5223792","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:43","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Induction of cytochrome P450-associated monooxygenases in northern leopard frogs, <i>Rana pipiens</i>, by 3,3′,4,4′,5-Pentachlorobiphenyl","title":"Induction of cytochrome P450-associated monooxygenases in northern leopard frogs, Rana pipiens, by 3,3′,4,4′,5-Pentachlorobiphenyl","docAbstract":"<p><span>Northern leopard frogs (</span><i>Rana pipiens</i><span>) were injected intraperitoneally either with a solution of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) 126 in corn oil at a concentration of 0.2, 0.7, 2.3, or 7.8 mg/kg body weight or with corn oil alone. Appropriate assay conditions with hepatic microsomes were determined for four cytochrome P450-associated monooxygenases: ethoxyresorufin-</span><i>O</i><span>-dealkylase (EROD), methoxy-ROD (MROD), benzyloxy-ROD (BROD), and pentoxy-ROD (PROD). One week after PCB administration, the specific activities of EROD, MROD, BROD, and PROD were not elevated at doses ≤0.7 mg/kg (</span><i>p</i><span>&nbsp;&gt; 0.05) but were significantly increased at doses ≥2.3 mg/kg compared to the control groups (</span><i>p</i><span>&nbsp;&lt; 0.05). The increased activities of these four enzymes were 3 to 6.4 times those in the control groups. The increased activities were maintained for at least 4 weeks. Because of a lack of induction at low doses of PCB 126, which were still relatively high compared to currently known environmental concentrations, we suspect that EROD, MROD, BROD, and PROD activities are not sensitive biomarkers for coplanar PCB exposure in leopard frogs.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","doi":"10.1002/etc.5620170818","usgsCitation":"Huang, Y., Melancon, M.J., Jung, R., and Karasov, W.H., 1998, Induction of cytochrome P450-associated monooxygenases in northern leopard frogs, Rana pipiens, by 3,3′,4,4′,5-Pentachlorobiphenyl: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 17, no. 8, p. 1564-1569, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620170818.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1564","endPage":"1569","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200360,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":425381,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122672071/abstract","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"17","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1998-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f2e4b07f02db5ef04c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huang, Y.-W.","contributorId":43888,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huang","given":"Y.-W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Melancon, M. J.","contributorId":96206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Melancon","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jung, R.E.","contributorId":66213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jung","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Karasov, W. H.","contributorId":25889,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Karasov","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":5223505,"text":"5223505 - 1998 - Assemblage organization in stream fishes: Effects of environmental variation and interspecific interactions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-10T21:49:01.900857","indexId":"5223505","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:43","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1459,"text":"Ecological Monographs","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assemblage organization in stream fishes: Effects of environmental variation and interspecific interactions","docAbstract":"<p><span>We assessed the relative importance of environmental variation, interspecific competition for space, and predator abundance on assemblage structure and microhabitat use in a stream fish assemblage inhabiting Coweeta Creek, North Carolina, USA. Our study encompassed a 10–yr time span (1983–1992) and included some of the highest and lowest flows in the last 58 years. We collected 16 seasonal samples which included data on: (1) habitat availability (total and microhabitat) and microhabitat diversity, (2) assemblage structure (i.e., the number and abundances of species comprising a subset of the community), and (3) microhabitat use and overlap. We classified habitat availability data on the basis of year, season, and hydrologic period. Hydrologic period (i.e., pre–drought [PR], drought [D], and post–drought [PO]) represented the temporal location of a sample with respect to a four–year drought that occurred during the study. Hydrologic period explained a greater amount of variance in habitat availability data than either season or year. Total habitat availability was significantly greater during PO than in PR or D, although microhabitat diversity did not differ among either seasons or hydrologic periods. There were significantly fewer high–flow events (i.e., ≥2.1 m</span><sup>3</sup><span>/s) during D than in either PR or PO periods. We observed a total of 16 species during our investigation, and the total number of species was significantly higher in D than in PR samples. Correlation analyses between the number of species present (total and abundant species) and environmental data yielded limited results, although the total number of species was inversely correlated with total habitat availability. A cluster analysis grouped assemblage structure samples by hydrologic period rather than season or year, supporting the contention that variation in annual flow had a strong impact on this assemblage. The drought had little effect on the numerical abundance of benthic species in this assemblage; however, a majority of water–column species increased in abundance. The increased abundances of water–column species may have been related to the decrease in high-flow events observed during the drought. Such high–flow events are known to cause mortality in stream fishes. Microhabitat use data showed that species belonged to one of three microhabitat guilds: benthic, lower water column, and mid water column. In general, species within the same guild did not exhibit statistically distinguishable patterns of microhabitat use, and most significant differences occurred between members of different guilds. However, lower water–column guild species frequentlywere not separable from all members of either benthic or mid–water–column species. Variations in the abundance of potential competitors or predators did not produce strong shifts in microhabitat use by assemblage members. Predators were present in the site in only 9 of 16 seasonal samples and never were abundant (maximum number observed per day was 2). In conclusion, our results demonstrate that variability in both mean and peak flows had a much stronger effect on the structure and use of spatial resources within this assemblage then either interspecific competition for space or predation. Consequently, we suspect that the patterns in both assemblage structure and resource use displayed by fishes in Coweeta Creek arose from the interaction between environmental variation and species–specific evolutionary constraints on behavior, morphology, and physiology.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/0012-9615(1998)068[0395:AOISFE]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Grossman, G., Ratajczak, R., Crawford, M.M., and Freeman, M.C., 1998, Assemblage organization in stream fishes: Effects of environmental variation and interspecific interactions: Ecological Monographs, v. 68, no. 3, p. 395-420, https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9615(1998)068[0395:AOISFE]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"395","endPage":"420","numberOfPages":"26","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198429,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Coweeta Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -83.38526807867306,\n              35.087349418853464\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.43707831704533,\n              35.087349418853464\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.43707831704533,\n              35.05232902906687\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.38526807867306,\n              35.05232902906687\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.38526807867306,\n              35.087349418853464\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"68","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db672b00","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grossman, Gary D.","contributorId":316426,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grossman","given":"Gary D.","affiliations":[{"id":68595,"text":"International Institute of Tropical Forestry, U.S.A.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":338891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ratajczak, R. E. Jr.","contributorId":95982,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ratajczak","given":"R. E.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Crawford, M. M.","contributorId":21660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crawford","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Freeman, Mary C. 0000-0001-7615-6923","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7615-6923","contributorId":99659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freeman","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":338893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":5223337,"text":"5223337 - 1998 - Methylmercury chloride and selenomethionine interactions on health and reproduction in mallards","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-05T17:00:07.349256","indexId":"5223337","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:43","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Methylmercury chloride and selenomethionine interactions on health and reproduction in mallards","docAbstract":"<p><span>Adult mallards (</span><i>Anas platyrhynchos</i><span>) were fed a control diet or diets containing 10 ppm mercury as methylmercury chloride, 10 ppm selenium as seleno-</span><span class=\"smallCaps\">DL</span><span>-methionine, or 10 ppm mercury plus 10 ppm selenium. One of 12 adult males fed 10 ppm mercury died, and eight others suffered paralysis of the legs by the time the study was terminated. However, when the diet contained 10 ppm selenium in addition to the 10 ppm mercury, none of 12 males became sick. In contrast to the protective effect of selenium against mercury poisoning in males, selenium plus mercury was worse than selenium or mercury alone for some measurements of reproductive success. Both selenium and mercury lowered duckling production through reductions in hatching success and survival of ducklings, but the combination of mercury plus selenium was worse than either mercury or selenium alone. Controls produced an average of 7.6 young per female, females fed 10 ppm selenium produced an average of 2.8 young, females fed 10 ppm mercury produced 1.1 young, and females fed both mercury and selenium produced 0.2 young. Teratogenic effects also were worse for the combined mercury plus selenium treatment; deformities were recorded in 6.1% of the embryos of controls, 16.4% for those fed methylmercury chloride, 36.2% for those fed selenomethionine, and 73.4% for those fed methylmercury chloride and selenomethionine. The presence of methylmercury in the diet greatly enhanced the storage of selenium in tissues. The livers of males fed 10 ppm selenium contained a mean of 9.6 ppm selenium, whereas the livers of males fed 10 ppm selenium plus 10 ppm mercury contained a mean of 114 ppm selenium. However, selenium did not enhance the storage of mercury. The results show that mercury and selenium may be antagonistic to each other for adults and synergistic to young, even within the same experiment.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","doi":"10.1002/etc.5620170202","usgsCitation":"Heinz, G.H., and Hoffman, D.J., 1998, Methylmercury chloride and selenomethionine interactions on health and reproduction in mallards: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 17, no. 2, p. 139-145, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620170202.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"139","endPage":"145","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198410,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1998-02-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a56e4b07f02db62d751","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Heinz, G. H.","contributorId":85905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heinz","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hoffman, D. J.","contributorId":12801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5223339,"text":"5223339 - 1998 - Effects of mercury and selenium on glutathione metabolism and oxidative stress in mallard ducks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-05T17:06:54.312299","indexId":"5223339","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:43","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of mercury and selenium on glutathione metabolism and oxidative stress in mallard ducks","docAbstract":"<p><span>Earlier studies have reported on the toxicity and related oxidative stress of different forms of Se, including seleno-&nbsp;</span><span class=\"smallCaps\">D</span><span>,L-methionine, in mallards (</span><i>Anas platyrhynchos</i><span>). This study compares the effects of Se (seleno-</span><span class=\"smallCaps\">D</span><span>,L-methionine) and Hg (methylmercury chloride) separately and in combination. Mallard drakes received one of the following diets: untreated feed (controls), or feed containing 10 ppm Se, 10 ppm Hg, or 10 ppm Se in combination with 10 ppm Hg. After 10 weeks, blood, liver, and brain samples were collected for biochemical assays. The following clinical and biochemical alterations occurred in response to Hg exposure: hematocrit and hemoglobin concentrations decreased; activities of the enzymes glutathione (GSH) peroxidase (plasma and liver), glutathione-</span><i>S</i><span>-transferase (liver), and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH) (liver and brain) decreased; hepatic oxidized glutathione (GSSG) concentration increased relative to reduced glutathione (GSH); and lipid peroxidation in the brain was detected by increased thiobarbituric reactive substances (TBARS). Effects of Se alone included increased hepatic GSSG reductase activity and brain TBARS concentration. Selenium in combination with Hg partially or totally alleviated effects of Hg on GSH peroxidase, G-6-PDH, and GSSG. These findings are compared in relation to field observations for diving ducks and other aquatic birds. It is concluded that since both Hg and excess Se can affect thiol status, measurement of associated enzymes in conjunction with thiol status may be a useful bioindicator to discriminate between Hg and Se effects. The ability of Se to restore the activities of G-6-PDH, GSH peroxidase, and glutathione status involved in antioxidative defense mechanisms may be crucial to biological protection from the toxic effects of methylmercury.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","doi":"10.1002/etc.5620170204","usgsCitation":"Hoffman, D.J., and Heinz, G.H., 1998, Effects of mercury and selenium on glutathione metabolism and oxidative stress in mallard ducks: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 17, no. 2, p. 161-166, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620170204.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"161","endPage":"166","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199434,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1998-02-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db611b71","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoffman, D. J.","contributorId":12801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Heinz, G. H.","contributorId":85905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heinz","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5223776,"text":"5223776 - 1998 - Cranial and dental abnormalities of the endangered red wolf Canis rufus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-26T09:59:41","indexId":"5223776","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:40","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":648,"text":"Acta Theriologica","onlineIssn":"2190-3743","printIssn":"0001-7051","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Cranial and dental abnormalities of the endangered red wolf <i>Canis rufus</i>","title":"Cranial and dental abnormalities of the endangered red wolf Canis rufus","docAbstract":"<p>Three skulls of captive-raised female endangered red wolves (<i>Canis rufus</i>) exhibited severe malocclusion of the jaws. Cranial and dental abnormalities (including crowding of upper toothrows, and an extra tooth behind the lower left M3 in one of the three mandibles) were also evident. Ratios of alveolar length of maxillary toothrow to maximum width across the outer sides of crowns of P4 were significantly different (p=0.008) compared to unaffected skulls. Significant differences were also evident when ratios of maximum width across inner edges of alveoli of P1 to alveolar length of maxillary toothrow and maximum width across outer sides of crowns of P4 were compared between the two groups. Although the three skulls all exhibited malocclusion, the abnormality expressed itself differently in relation to the effects to each skull. Captive inbreeding may increase the probability and frequency of expressing these anomalies, although inbreeding coefficients calculated for the wolves expressing malocclusion were not considered high (0.0313-0.0508). A wild female red wolf specimen captured in 1921 in Arkansas also exhibited the malocclusion, although not as severely as in the captive females. This demonstrates that this trait was present in wild populations prior to, and not a result of, the captive breeding program.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Polska Akademia Nauk","doi":"10.4098/AT.arch.98-26","usgsCitation":"Federoff, N.E., and Nowak, R.M., 1998, Cranial and dental abnormalities of the endangered red wolf Canis rufus: Acta Theriologica, v. 43, no. 3, p. 293-300, https://doi.org/10.4098/AT.arch.98-26.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"293","endPage":"300","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479679,"rank":3,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.4098/at.arch.98-26","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":200373,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":351997,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://rcin.org.pl/dlibra/docmetadata?id=12774"}],"volume":"43","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1998-09-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fca59","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Federoff, Nicholas E.","contributorId":174756,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Federoff","given":"Nicholas","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nowak, Ronald M.","contributorId":25622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nowak","given":"Ronald","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":727945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5223812,"text":"5223812 - 1998 - The North American Bird Banding Program: Into the 21st century","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:39","indexId":"5223812","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:40","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2284,"text":"Journal of Field Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The North American Bird Banding Program: Into the 21st century","docAbstract":"The authors examined the legal, scientific, and philosophical underpinnings of the North American Bird Banding Program [BBP], with emphasis on the U.S. Bird Banding Laboratory [BBL], but also considering the Canadian Bird Banding Office [BBO].  In this report, we review the value of banding data, enumerate and expand on tile principles under which any modern BBP should operate, and from them derive our recommendations. These are cast into a Mission Statement, a Role and Function Statement, and a series of specific recommendations addressing five areas: (1) permitting procedures and practices; (2) operational issues; (3) data management; (4) BBL organization and staffing; and (5) implementation.  Our major tenets and recommendations are as follows:  banding provides valuable data for numerous scientific, management, and educational purposes, and its benefits far outweigh necessary biological and fiscal costs, especially those incurred by the BBL and BBO;  because of the value of banding data for management of avian resources, including both game and nongame birds, government support of the program is fully justified and appropriate;  all banding data, if collected to appropriate standards, are potentially valuable; there are many ways to increase the value of banding data such as by endorsing, promoting, and applying competence and/or training standards for permit issuance; promoting bander participation in well-designed projects; and by encouraging the use of banding data for meta-analytical approaches; the BBL should apply, promote, and encourage such standards, participation, and approaches;  the BBP should be driven by the needs of users, including scientists and managers;  all exchange of data and most communication between banders and the BBL should become electronic in the near future;   the computer system at the BBL should be modernized to one designed for a true client-server relationship and storage of data in on-line relational databases;  the BBL should continue to maintain high quality control and editing standards and should strive to bring all data in the database up to current standards; however, the BBL should transfer a major portion of the responsibility for editing banding data to the bander by providing software that will permit the bander to edit his/her own data electronically before submission to the BBL; the BBL should build the capacity to store additional data tied to original band records able to be pre-edited and submitted electronically, such as recapture data, appropriate data from auxiliary marking (e.g. resightings of color-marked birds), and other data that gain value when pooled from many banders (e.g., measurements); however, the BBL should only accept such data if they are collected using standardized methods and as part of an established program designed to utilize such data;  now is the time to consider options for implementing a Western Hemisphere banding program, with leadership from the BBL; the Patuxent Electronic Data Processing Section should become part of the BBL;  additional scientific and technical staff must be added to the BBL;  an Implementation Team should be formed to expedite our recommendations, following timetables outlined in this document.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Field Ornithology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Buckley, P.A., Francis, C., Blancher, P., DeSante, D., Robbins, C., Smith, G., and Cannell, P., 1998, The North American Bird Banding Program: Into the 21st century: Journal of Field Ornithology, v. 69, no. 4, p. 511-529.","productDescription":"511-529","startPage":"511","endPage":"529","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200308,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":17110,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://elibrary.unm.edu/sora/JFO/v069n04/p0511-p0529.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"volume":"69","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67af59","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Buckley, P. A.","contributorId":69264,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buckley","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Francis, C.M.","contributorId":29092,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Francis","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Blancher, P.","contributorId":23253,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blancher","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"DeSante, D.F.","contributorId":70514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeSante","given":"D.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Robbins, C.S.","contributorId":53907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robbins","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Smith, G.","contributorId":52918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Cannell, P.","contributorId":93163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannell","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":5223794,"text":"5223794 - 1998 - Modeling colony site dynamics: A case study of gull-billed terns (<i>Sterna nilotica</i>) in coastal Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-09T17:49:10","indexId":"5223794","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:40","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling colony site dynamics: A case study of gull-billed terns (<i>Sterna nilotica</i>) in coastal Virginia","docAbstract":"<p><span>We developed a Markov process model for colony-site dynamics of Gull-billed Terns (<i>Sterna nilotica</i>). From 1993 through 1996, we monitored breeding numbers of Gull-billed Terns and their frequent colony associates, Common Terns (<i>Sterna hirundo</i>) and Black Skimmers (<i>Rynchops niger</i>), at colony sites along 80 km of the barrier island region of coastal Virginia. We also monitored flooding events and renesting. We developed the model for colony survival, extinction, and recolonization at potential colony sites over the four-year period. We then used data on annual site occupation by Gull-billed Terns to estimate model parameters and tested for differences between nesting substrates (barrier island vs. shellpile). Results revealed a dynamic system but provided no evidence that the dynamics were Markovian, i.e. the probability that a site was occupied in one year was not influenced by whether it had been occupied in the previous year. Nor did colony-level reproductive success the previous season seem to affect the probability of site occupancy. Site survival and recolonization rates were similar, and the estimated overall annual probability of a site being occupied was 0.59. Of the 25 sites that were used during the four-year period, 16 were used in one or two years only, and only three were used in all four years. Flooding and renesting were frequent in both habitat types in all years. The frequent flooding of nests on shellpiles argues for more effective management; augmentation with shell and sand to increase elevations as little as 20 cm could have reduced flooding at a number of sites. The low colonysite fidelity that we observed suggests that an effective management approach would be to provide a large number of sand and/or shellpile sites for use by nesting terns. Sites not used in one year may still be used in subsequent years.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.2307/4089515","usgsCitation":"Erwin, R., Nichols, J., Eyler, T., Stotts, D.B., and Truitt, B., 1998, Modeling colony site dynamics: A case study of gull-billed terns (<i>Sterna nilotica</i>) in coastal Virginia: The Auk, v. 115, no. 4, p. 970-978, https://doi.org/10.2307/4089515.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"970","endPage":"978","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479680,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/4089515","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":202189,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"115","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db6998ae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Erwin, R.M.","contributorId":57396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erwin","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eyler, T.B.","contributorId":88453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eyler","given":"T.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stotts, Daniel B.","contributorId":90003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stotts","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Truitt, B.R.","contributorId":85298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Truitt","given":"B.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":5200164,"text":"5200164 - 1998 - Systematic studies of Oryzomyine rodents (Muridae, Sigmodontinae): diagnoses and distributions of species formerly assigned to Oryzomys 'capito'","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:22","indexId":"5200164","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:33:22","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":163,"text":"Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":3}},"seriesNumber":"No. 236.","title":"Systematic studies of Oryzomyine rodents (Muridae, Sigmodontinae): diagnoses and distributions of species formerly assigned to Oryzomys 'capito'","docAbstract":"We describe the morphological species-boundaries and geographic distributions of ten Neotropical Oryzomys based on analyses of museum specimens (skins and skulls, examples preserved in fluid, chromosomal spreads, and information about collection sites from skin tags, field catalogs, and other sources).  These species have been regarded as members of an Oryzomys capito complex and for a long time were consolidated into a single entity identified as O. capito.  Our study documents the following:  1.  Defining the limits of species within the O. capito complex first requires a comprehensive review and rigorous definition of O. capito itself.  We consider Fischer's (1814) Mus megacephalus to be valid and available, designate a neotype to bear the name, and reinstate it as a senior synonym of capito Olfers (1818).  We then provide a working definition of O. megacephalus and its close relative, O. laticeps, derived from analyses of morphometric variation, estimates of geographic distributions, and evaluations of synonyms.  In our view, O. megacephalus occurs in Amazonia but also extends into eastern Paraguay; its synonyms are capito Olfers (1818), cephalotes Desmarest (1819), velutinus Allen and Chapman (1893), goeldi Thomas (1897), modestus Allen (1899), and perenensis Allen (1901).  Oryzomys laticeps Lund (1840) occurs in the Atlantic Forest region of eastern Brazil.  We designate a lectotype for laticeps and allocate the names saltator Winge (1887) and oniscus Thomas (1904) as synonyms.         2.  We provide the first comprehensive taxonomic revision of Oryzomys yunganus Thomas (1902).  Its range covers tropical evergreen rainforest formations in the Guiana region and the Amazon Basin where, as documented by voucher specimens, it has been collected at the same localities as O. megacephalus, O. nitidus, and O. tern of carotid arterial circulation, occlusal patterns of second upper and lower molars, cranial proportions, and chromosomal features.  Appreciable intraspecific geographic variation occurs in diploid number of chromosomes and frequency of occurrence of the hypothenar plantar pad, but sampling inadequacies obscure the significance of this variation.  Large body size is characteristic of populations in the western Amazon Basin and in the tepui region of eastern Venezuela; smaller size characterizes populations in the Guianas and along the eastern margin of the Amazon Basin.  No other scientific name has been correctly associated with the species.  Samples from Mirador, Palmera, and Mera in the western Andean foothills of central Ecuador possess a combination of pelage, cranial, and dental traits that distinguish them from all samples of O. yunganus.  These specimens are the basis for a new species we describe here, one that is more closely related to O. yunganus than to any other member of the former O. 'capito' complex.       3.  We redescribe Oryzomys bolivaris (reviewed by Pine, 1971, under the name O. bombycinus), amplify its geographic range, and contrast it with O. talamancae and O. alfaroi, two sympatric congeners often confused with it.  A distinctive set of morphological traits allows unambiguous identification of specimens belonging to O. bolivaris.  It is a trans-Andean species recorded from very wet tropical evergreen rainforests extending from eastern Honduras and Nicaragua through Costa Rica and Panama to western Colombia and Ecuador.  Allen's (1901) bolivaris is the oldest name for this species; castaneus Allen (1901), rivularis Allen (1901), bombycinus Goldman (1912), alleni Goldman (1915), and orinus Pearson (1939) are synonyms.       4.  We revise the definition of Oryzomys talamancae Allen (1891) provided by Musser and Williams (1985), document additional specimens, describe karyotypes from Ecuadoran and Venezuelan samples, and contrast its morphology, chromosomes, and distribution with those of O. alfaroi and O. megacephalus.  The geographic distribution of O. talamancae is also trans-Andean, but it inh","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Musser, G., Carleton, M., Brothers, E., and Gardner, A.L., 1998, Systematic studies of Oryzomyine rodents (Muridae, Sigmodontinae): diagnoses and distributions of species formerly assigned to Oryzomys 'capito': Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History No. 236., 376.","productDescription":"376","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200997,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adfe4b07f02db687909","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Musser, G.G.","contributorId":78849,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Musser","given":"G.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carleton, M.D.","contributorId":106597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carleton","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brothers, E.M.","contributorId":91597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brothers","given":"E.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gardner, A. L.","contributorId":97213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gardner","given":"A.","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":25828,"text":"wri984097 - 1998 - Water-quality assessment of the Central Arizona Basins, Arizona and northern Mexico – Environmental setting and overview of water quality","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-15T22:50:18.876093","indexId":"wri984097","displayToPublicDate":"2001-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4097","title":"Water-quality assessment of the Central Arizona Basins, Arizona and northern Mexico – Environmental setting and overview of water quality","docAbstract":"The Central Arizona Basins study area in central and southern Arizona and northern Mexico is one of 60 study units that are part of the U.S. Geological Survey's National Water-Quality Assessment program. The purpose of this report is to describe the physical, chemical, and environmental characteristics that may affect water quality in the Central Arizona Basins study area and present an overview of water quality. Covering 34,700 square miles, the study area is characterized by generally north to northwestward-trending mountain ranges separated by broad, gently sloping alluvial valleys. Most of the perennial rivers and streams are in the northern part of the study area. Rivers and streams in the south are predominantly intermittent or ephemeral and flow in response to precipitation such as summer thunderstorms. Effluent-dependent streams do provide perennial flow in some reaches. The major aquifers in the study area are in the basin-fill deposits that may be as much as 12,000 feet thick.\r\nThe 1990 population in the study area was about 3.45 million, and about 61 percent of the total was in Maricopa County (Phoenix and surrounding cities). Extensive population growth over the past decade has resulted in a twofold increase in urban land areas and increased municipal water use; however, agriculture remains the major water use. Seventy-three percent of all water with drawn in the study area during 1990 was used for agricultural purposes.\r\nThe largest rivers in the study area-the Gila, Salt, and Verde-are perennial near their headwaters but become intermittent downstream because of impoundments and artificial diversions. As a result, the Central Arizona Basins study area is unique compared to less arid basins because the mean surface-water outflow is only 528 cubic feet per second from a total drainage area of 49,650 square miles. Peak flows in the northern part of the study area are the result of snowmelt runoff; whereas, summer thunderstorms account for the peak flows in the southern part. Ground water is the primary water supply in most of Arizona and the only source of drinking water used by communities in the southern half of the study area. Years of overpumping have caused water tables in basin fill to drop below once-perennial streams leaving streambeds dry, water too deep to pump economically, pumping of poorer quality water with depth, and earth fissures resulting from subsidence after dewatering of sediments.\r\nNatural processes-such as leaching of trace elements and major ions from geologic formations-and human activities-such as mining, agriculture, and urban development-have major effects on the quality of surface-water and ground-water resources in the Central Arizona Basins study area. Surface-water quality standards in Arizona are based on the designated use of the water such as full or partial body contact, fish consumption, aquatic and wildlife uses, and agriculture. Maintaining the biological integrity (health) of surface waters in Arizona is an important part of ensuring that these waters are suitable for designated uses.\r\nImportant water-quality issues for surface water that are somewhat unique to Arizona include: (1) streamflows and riparian environments sustained by effluent from municipal wastewater-treatment plants that contains high concentrations of nutrients, potentially toxic trace elements and organic compounds, and fecal bacteria; (2) industrial, mining, agricultural, and municipal sources of contamination from Mexico; and (3) unpredictable high flows from major summer thunder storms causing stream-channel changes; high suspended-sediment concentrations and loads; sewage overflows; and breaching, erosion, and washout of landfills and mining operations.\r\nThe quality of water in aquifers that are protected for drinking- water use is subject to standards that are in most cases equal to or more stringent than the primary drinking-water regulations of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The general che","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri984097","usgsCitation":"Cordy, G.E., Rees, J., Edmonds, R.J., Gebler, J.B., Wirt, L., Gellenbeck, D., and Anning, D.W., 1998, Water-quality assessment of the Central Arizona Basins, Arizona and northern Mexico – Environmental setting and overview of water quality: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4097, vii, 72 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984097.","productDescription":"vii, 72 p.","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":158075,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4097/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":95565,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4097/report.pdf","size":"16734","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":392987,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48969.htm"}],"country":"Mexico, United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Central Arizona Basins","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -113.37890625,\n              30.751277776257812\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.072265625,\n              30.751277776257812\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.072265625,\n              35.817813158696616\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.37890625,\n              35.817813158696616\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.37890625,\n              30.751277776257812\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e70de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cordy, Gail E.","contributorId":94296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cordy","given":"Gail","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rees, Julie A.","contributorId":107740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rees","given":"Julie A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Edmonds, Robert J.","contributorId":95515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edmonds","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gebler, Joseph B.","contributorId":99582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gebler","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wirt, Laurie","contributorId":13204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wirt","given":"Laurie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gellenbeck, Dorinda J.","contributorId":13228,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gellenbeck","given":"Dorinda J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Anning, David W. dwanning@usgs.gov","contributorId":432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anning","given":"David","email":"dwanning@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":195239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":29598,"text":"wri984130 - 1998 - Status of water levels in aquifers in the Nacatoch sand and Tokio Formation of southwestern Arkansas, 1996","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:55","indexId":"wri984130","displayToPublicDate":"2000-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4130","title":"Status of water levels in aquifers in the Nacatoch sand and Tokio Formation of southwestern Arkansas, 1996","docAbstract":"Aquifers in the Nacatoch Sand and Tokio Formation in southwestern Arkansas are a source of water for industrial, public supply, domestic, and agricultural uses. Water-level measurements were made in 24 wells completed in the Nacatoch Sand and 18 wells completed in the Tokio Forma tion from August through October 1996 to pro duce potentiometric-surface maps.\r\nThe direction of ground-water flow in aquifers in the Nacatoch Sand and Tokio Formation generally is to the south-southeast or southeast. Potentiometric highs for both aquifers are in the outcrop areas. The aquifer in the Tokio Formation has artesian flow in southeastern Pike, northeastern Hempstead, and northwestern Nevada Counties. One apparent cone of depression was evident within the study area in the aquifer in the Nacatoch Sand.\r\nWithdrawals from aquifers in the Nacatoch Sand and Tokio Formation increased from 1965 to 1980 and decreased from 1980 to 1995. Long-term hydrographs were prepared for seven wells in the study area. Changes in water levels in three wells completed in the aquifer in the Nacatoch Sand and one well completed in the aquifer in the Tokio Formation might be associated with decreased withdrawals. Evidence of an association between withdrawals and water levels in three wells is not apparent.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri984130","usgsCitation":"Schrader, T.P., 1998, Status of water levels in aquifers in the Nacatoch sand and Tokio Formation of southwestern Arkansas, 1996: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4130, iii, 14 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984130.","productDescription":"iii, 14 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":95771,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4130/report.pdf","size":"2001","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":159842,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4130/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b470a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schrader, Tony P. tpschrad@usgs.gov","contributorId":3027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schrader","given":"Tony","email":"tpschrad@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":201788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":31072,"text":"wsp2370H - 1998 - Evaluation of the hydrologic system and selected water-management alternatives in the Owens Valley, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-09-23T19:23:03.677042","indexId":"wsp2370H","displayToPublicDate":"2000-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2370","chapter":"H","displayTitle":"Evaluation of the Hydrologic System and Selected Water-Management Alternatives in the Owens Valley, California","title":"Evaluation of the hydrologic system and selected water-management alternatives in the Owens Valley, California","docAbstract":"<p>The Owens Valley, a long, narrow valley along the east side of the Sierra Nevada in east-central California, is the main source of water for the city of Los Angeles. The city diverts most of the surface water in the valley into the Owens River-Los Angeles Aqueduct system, which transports the water more than 200 miles south to areas of distribution and use. Additionally, ground water is pumped or flows from wells to supplement the surface-water diversions to the river- aqueduct system. Pumpage from wells needed to supplement water export has increased since 1970, when a second aqueduct was put into service, and local residents have expressed concerns that the increased pumping may have a detrimental effect on the environment and the native vegetation (indigenous alkaline scrub and meadow plant communities) in the valley. Native vegetation on the valley floor depends on soil moisture derived from precipitation and from the unconfined part of a multilayered ground-water system. This report, which describes the evaluation of the hydrologic system and selected water-management alternatives, is one in a series designed to identify the effects that ground-water pumping has on native vegetation and evaluate alternative strategies to mitigate any adverse effects caused by pumping.</p><p>The hydrologic system of the Owens Valley can be conceptualized as having three parts: (1) an unsaturated zone affected by precipitation and evapotranspiration; (2) a surface-water system composed of the Owens River, the Los Angeles Aqueduct, tributary streams, canals, ditches, and ponds; and (3) a saturated ground-water system contained in the valley fill.</p><p>Analysis of the hydrologic system was aided by development of a ground-water flow model of the \"aquifer system,\" which is defined as the most active part of the ground-water system and which includes nearly all of the Owens Valley except for the area surrounding the Owens Lake. The model was calibrated and verified for water years 1963-88 and used to evaluate general concepts of the hydrologic system and the effects of past water-management practices. The model also was used to evaluate the likely effects of selected water-management alternatives designed to lessen the adverse effects of ground-water pumping on native vegetation.</p><p>Results of the model simulations confirm that a major change in the hydrologic system was caused by the additional export of water from the valley beginning in 1970. Average ground-water pumpage increased by a factor of five, discharge from springs decreased almost to zero, reaches of the Owens River that previously had gained water from the aquifer system began losing water, and total evapotranspiration by native plants decreased by about 35 percent.</p><p>Water-management practices as of 1988 were defined and evaluated using the model. Simulation results indicate that increased ground-water pumpage since 1985 for enhancement and mitigation projects within the Owens Valley has further stressed the aquifer system and resulted in declines of the water table and reduced evapotranspiration. Most of the water-table declines are beneath the western alluvial fans and in the immediate vicinity of production wells. The water-table altitude beneath the valley floor has remained relatively constant over time because of hydrologic buffers, such as evapotranspiration, springs, and permanent surface-water features. These buffers adjust the quantity of water exchanged with the aquifer system and effectively minimize variations in water-table altitude. The widespread presence of hydrologic buffers is the primary reason the water-table altitude beneath the valley floor has remained relatively constant since 1970 despite major changes in the type and location of ground-water discharge.</p><p>Evaluation of selected water-management alternatives indicates that long-term variations in average runoff to the Owens Valley of as much as 10 percent will not have a significant effect on the water-table altitude. However, reductions in pumpage to an average annual value of about 75,000 acre-ft/yr are needed to maintain the water table at the same altitude as observed during water year 1984. A 9-year transient simulation of dry, average, and wet conditions indicates that the aquifer system takes several years to recover from increased pumping during a drought, even when followed by average and above-average runoff and recharge. Increasing recharge from selected tributary streams by additional diversion of high flows onto the alluvial fans, increasing artificial recharge near well fields, and allocating more pumpage to the Bishop area may be useful in mitigating the adverse effects on native vegetation caused by drought and short-term increases in pumpage.</p><p>Analysis of the optimal use of the existing well fields to minimize drawdown of the water table indicates no significant lessening of adverse effects on native vegetation at any of the well fields at the end of a 1-year simulation. Some improvement might result from pumping from a few high-capacity wells in a small area, such as the Thibaut-Sawmill well field; pumping from the upper elevations of alluvial fans, such as the Bishop well field; or pumping in an area surrounded by irrigated lands, such as the Big Pine well field. Use of these water-management techniques would provide some flexibility in management from one year to another, but would not solve the basic problem that increased ground-water pumpage causes decreases in evapotranspiration and in the biomass of native vegetation. Furthermore, the highly transmissive and narrow aquifer system will transmit the effects of pumping to other more sensitive areas of the valley within a couple of years.</p><p>Other possible changes in water management that might be useful in minimizing the short-term effects of pumping on native vegetation include sealing well perforations in the unconfined part of the aquifer system; rotating pumpage among well fields; continuing or renewing use of unlined surface-water features such as canals and ditches; developing recharge and extraction facilities in deeper volcanic deposits near Big Pine or in alluvial fan deposits along the east side of the valley; installing additional wells along the west side of the Owens Lake; and conjunctively using other ground-water basins between the Owens Valley and Los Angeles to store exported water for subsequent extraction and use during droughts.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wsp2370H","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Inyo County and the Los Angeles Department of Water and Power","usgsCitation":"Danskin, W.R., 1998, Evaluation of the hydrologic system and selected water-management alternatives in the Owens Valley, California: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 2370-H, 175 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2370H.","productDescription":"175 p., 6 plates in pocket","numberOfPages":"175","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":462155,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2370h/wsp2370h_plates1-3.pdf","text":"Plates 1 to 3","size":"6 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":59631,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2370h/wsp2370h.pdf","text":"Report","size":"9 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":160967,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2370h/covrthb.jpg"}],"contact":"<p>District Chief<br><a data-mce-href=\"https://usgs.gov\" href=\"https://usgs.gov\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">U.S. Geological Survey</a><br>Placer Hall, Suite 2012<br>6000 J Street<br>Sacramento, CA 95819</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Abstract</li><li>Introduction</li><li>Description of Study Area</li><li>Hydrologic System</li><li>Evaluation of Selected Water-Management Alternatives</li><li>Need for Further Studies</li><li>Summary and Conclusions</li><li>Selected References</li></ul>","publishedDate":"1998-09-17","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1998-09-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5fa26b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Danskin, Wesley R. 0000-0001-8672-5501 wdanskin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8672-5501","contributorId":1034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Danskin","given":"Wesley","email":"wdanskin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":204836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":23749,"text":"ofr98466 - 1998 - Comparative geology and geochemistry of sedimentary-rock-hosted (Carlin Type) gold deposits in the People's Republic of China and in Nevada, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:15","indexId":"ofr98466","displayToPublicDate":"1999-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-466","title":"Comparative geology and geochemistry of sedimentary-rock-hosted (Carlin Type) gold deposits in the People's Republic of China and in Nevada, USA","docAbstract":"Sedimentary-rock-hosted (Carlin-type) gold deposits have been considered economically significant and geologically distinct since the early 1960's. This report consists of a nine-part text and an interactive database. This small database is to help Western companies get more information about these gold deposits in China, and to help geologists who are interested in world Carlin-type deposits conduct research on them. Because of their economic significance and geological distinctiveness, these deposits have caught the interest of economic geologists all over the world since the early 1960's. Similar deposits have been discovered in China, Australia, Dominican Republic, Spain, and Russia besides Nevada. Perhaps most significant are the 165 Carlin-type gold deposits that were found in southwest China during the past 15 years. Of these, at least 19 deposits have proven to be of substantial tonnage, making China the second leading country to exploit such deposits. With the increasing interest in Chinese Carlin-type gold deposits, some western companies and geologists desire to get more information about these Chinese deposits. This seems to have been very difficult because the literature was in Chinese. It is estimated that several hundred scientific publications (including papers, books, and technical reports) have been published. This database of Chinese Carlin-type Gold deposits is built on the documentation published during the most recent 10 years and includes six subjects, which consist of 165 records and 30 fields. A new Proterozoic-age sedimentary-rock-hosted gold deposit in northeastern P.R. China also is described. Note that for the old version 1.1 on the CD-ROM, the latitude and longitude locations of the mineral occurrences have been estimated from sketch maps and journal articles and are not intended for digital analysis. One of the improvements in this version 1.2 is the accuracy of geographic data. Version 1.3 updates to the database and includes maps and photos of deposits, deposit information and a geochemical model. See the version history for details.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr98466","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Li, Z., and Peters, S., 1998, Comparative geology and geochemistry of sedimentary-rock-hosted (Carlin Type) gold deposits in the People's Republic of China and in Nevada, USA (Version 1.3, 2001): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-466, v, 160 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98466.","productDescription":"v, 160 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":156785,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0466/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":9136,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/of98-466/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":52982,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0466/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"edition":"Version 1.3, 2001","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae511","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Li, Zhiping","contributorId":98762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Li","given":"Zhiping","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peters, Stephen G. speters@usgs.gov","contributorId":2793,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peters","given":"Stephen G.","email":"speters@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":596,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey National Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":190650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":21917,"text":"ofr98205 - 1998 - Lithostratigraphy, petrography, biostratigraphy, and strontium-isotope stratigraphy of the surficial aquifer system of western Collier County, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-04T17:26:13.234544","indexId":"ofr98205","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-31T21:50:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-205","title":"Lithostratigraphy, petrography, biostratigraphy, and strontium-isotope stratigraphy of the surficial aquifer system of western Collier County, Florida","docAbstract":"In 1996, seven cores were recovered in western Collier County, southwestern Florida, to acquire subsurface geologic and hydrologic data to support ground-water modeling efforts. This report presents the lithostratigraphy, X-ray diffraction analyses, petrography, biostratigraphy, and strontium-isotope stratigraphy of these cores. \r\n\r\nThe oldest unit encountered in the study cores is an unnamed formation that is late Miocene. At least four depositional sequences are present within this formation. Calculated age of the formation, based on strontium-isotope stratigraphy, ranges from 9.5 to 5.7 Ma (million years ago). An unconformity within this formation that represents a hiatus of at least 2 million years is indicated in the Old Pump Road core. In two cores, Collier-Seminole and Old Pump Road, the uppermost sediments of the unnamed formation are not dated by strontium isotopes, and, based on the fossils present, these sediments could be as young as Pliocene. In another core (Fakahatchee Strand-Ranger Station), the upper part of the unnamed formation is dated by mollusks as Pliocene. The Tamiami Formation overlies the unnamed formation throughout the study area and is represented by the Ochopee Limestone Member. The unit is Pliocene and probably includes the interval of time near the early/late Pliocene boundary. Strontium-isotope analysis indicates an early Pliocene age (calculated ages range from 5.1 to 3.5 Ma), but the margin of error includes the latest Miocene and the late Pliocene. The dinocyst assemblages in the Ochopee typically are not age-diagnostic, but, near the base of the unit in the Collier-Seminole, Jones Grade, and Fakahatchee Strand State Forest cores, they indicate an age of late Miocene or Pliocene. The molluscan assemblages indicate a Pliocene age for the Ochopee, and a distinctive assemblage of Carditimera arata and Chione cortinaria in several of the cores specifically indicates an age near the early/late Pliocene boundary. \r\n\r\nUndifferentiated sands overlie the Pliocene limestones in two cores in the southern part of the study area. Artificial fill occurs at the top of most of the cores. \r\n\r\nThe hydrologic confining units penetrated by these cores are different in different parts of the study area. To the west, a hard tightly cemented dolostone forms the first major confining unit below the water table. In the eastern part of the study area, confinement is more difficult to determine. A tightly cemented sandstone, much younger than the dolostones to the west and probably not laterally connected to them, forms a slight confining unit in one core. Thick zones of poorly sorted muddy unconsolidated sands form a slight confining unit in other cores; these probably are not correlative to either the sandstone or the dolostones to the west. The age and sedimentologic observations suggest a complex compartmentalization of the surficial aquifer system in southwestern Florida. The calibrations of dinocyst and molluscan occurrences with strontium-isotope stratigraphy allows us to expand and document the reported ranges of many taxa. \r\n\r\n\r\nThis report is preliminary and has not been reviewed for conformity with U.S. Geological Survey editorial standards or with the North American Stratigraphic Code. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr98205","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Edwards, L.E., Weedman, S., Simmons, K., Scott, T., Brewster-Wingard, G., Ishman, S., and Carlin, N., 1998, Lithostratigraphy, petrography, biostratigraphy, and strontium-isotope stratigraphy of the surficial aquifer system of western Collier County, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-205, 79 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98205.","productDescription":"79 p.","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":155274,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0205/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":51399,"rank":299,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0205/ofr98205.pdf","text":"Report","size":"893 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 98-205"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","county":"Collier County","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -81.88110351562499,\n              25.06072125231416\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.62042236328125,\n              25.06072125231416\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.62042236328125,\n              26.27371402440643\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.88110351562499,\n              26.27371402440643\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.88110351562499,\n              25.06072125231416\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","contact":"<p><a href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/car-fl-water\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/car-fl-water\">Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>3321 College Avenue<br>Davie, FL 33314</p><p><a href=\"../contact\" data-mce-href=\"../contact\">Contact Pubs Warehouse</a></p>","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db63609d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Edwards, Lucy E. 0000-0003-4075-3317 leedward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4075-3317","contributorId":2647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Lucy","email":"leedward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":186232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Weedman, S.D.","contributorId":23961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weedman","given":"S.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Simmons, Kathleen 0000-0002-7920-094X ksimmons@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7920-094X","contributorId":200362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simmons","given":"Kathleen","email":"ksimmons@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":186237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Scott, T.M.","contributorId":66694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"T.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brewster-Wingard, G. L.","contributorId":102508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brewster-Wingard","given":"G. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ishman, S. E.","contributorId":20346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ishman","given":"S. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Carlin, N.M.","contributorId":93936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlin","given":"N.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":5223315,"text":"5223315 - 1998 - Estimation of tiger densities in India using photographic captures and recaptures","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-14T15:56:58.979458","indexId":"5223315","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-01T12:18:43","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimation of tiger densities in India using photographic captures and recaptures","docAbstract":"<p>The tiger (<i>Panthera tigris</i>) is an endangered, large felid whose demographic status is poorly known across its distributional range in Asia. Previously applied methods for estimating tiger abundance, using total counts based on tracks, have proved unreliable. Lack of reliable data on tiger densities not only has constrained our ability to understand the ecological factors shaping communities of large, solitary felids, but also has undermined the effective conservation of these animals. In this paper, we describe the use of a field method proposed by<span>&nbsp;</span>Karanth (1995), which combines camera-trap photography, to identify individual tigers, with theoretically well-founded capture–recapture models. We developed a sampling design for camera-trapping and used the approach to estimate tiger population size and density in four representative tiger habitats in different parts of India. The field method worked well and provided data suitable for analysis using closed capture–recapture models. The results suggest the potential for applying this methodology to rigorously estimate abundances, survival rates, and other population parameters for tigers and other low-density, secretive animal species in which individuals can be identified based on natural markings.</p><p>Estimated probabilities of photo-capturing tigers present in the study sites ranged from 0.75 to 1.00. Estimated densities of tigers &gt;1 yr old ranged from 4.1 ± 1.31 to 16.8 ± 2.96 tigers/100 km<sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>(mean ± 1<span>&nbsp;</span><span class=\"smallCaps\">se</span>). Simultaneously, we used line-transect sampling to determine that mean densities of principal tiger prey at these sites ranged from 56.1 to 63.8 ungulates/km<sup>2</sup>. Tiger densities appear to be positively associated with prey densities, except at one site influenced by tiger poaching. Our results generally support the prediction that relative abundances of large felid species may be governed primarily by the abundance and structure of their prey communities.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/0012-9658(1998)079[2852:EOTDII]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Karanth, K.U., and Nichols, J.D., 1998, Estimation of tiger densities in India using photographic captures and recaptures: Ecology, v. 79, no. 8, p. 2852-2862, https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9658(1998)079[2852:EOTDII]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"2852","endPage":"2862","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202105,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"India","otherGeospatial":"National  Parks  of  Pench,  Kanha, Kaziranga, and Nagarahole","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              79.15,\n              21.85\n            ],\n            [\n              79.15,\n              21.633333\n            ],\n            [\n              79.366667,\n              21.633333\n            ],\n            [\n              79.366667,\n              21.85\n            ],\n            [\n              79.15,\n              21.85\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              80.47335851027304,\n              22.406860446581604\n            ],\n            [\n              80.47335851027304,\n              22.147194265273683\n            ],\n            [\n              80.76169250662917,\n              22.147194265273683\n            ],\n            [\n              80.76169250662917,\n              22.406860446581604\n            ],\n            [\n              80.47335851027304,\n              22.406860446581604\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              76,\n              12.25\n            ],\n            [\n              76,\n              11.85\n            ],\n            [\n              76.25,\n              11.85\n            ],\n            [\n              76.25,\n              12.25\n            ],\n            [\n              76,\n              12.25\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              93.667,\n              26.75\n            ],\n            [\n              93.1,\n              26.75\n            ],\n            [\n              93.1,\n              26.58\n            ],\n            [\n              93.667,\n              26.58\n            ],\n            [\n              93.667,\n              26.75\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"79","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fb1fe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Karanth, K. Ullas","contributorId":6984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karanth","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"Ullas","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nichols, James D. 0000-0002-7631-2890 jnichols@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":200533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"James","email":"jnichols@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":338397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5223453,"text":"5223453 - 1998 - Are adult nonbreeders prudent parents?  The kittiwake model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-14T16:01:04.326204","indexId":"5223453","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-01T12:18:40","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Are adult nonbreeders prudent parents?  The kittiwake model","docAbstract":"<p><span>Understanding evolutionary consequences of intermittent breeding (nonbreeding in individuals that previously bred) requires investigation of the relationships between adult breeding state and two demographic parameters: survival probability and subsequent breeding probability. One major difficulty raised by comparing the demographic features of breeders and nonbreeders as estimated from capture–recapture data is that breeding state is often suspected to influence recapture or resighting probability. We used multistate capture–recapture models to test the hypothesis of equal recapture probabilities for breeding and nonbreeding Kittiwakes and found no evidence of an effect of breeding state on this parameter. The same method was used to test whether reproductive state affects survival probability. Nonbreeding individuals have lower survival rates than breeders. Moreover, nonbreeders have a higher probability of being nonbreeders the following year than do breeders. State-specific survival rates and transition probabilities vary from year to year, but temporal variations of survival and transition probabilities of breeders and nonbreeders are in parallel (on a logit scale). These inferences led us to conclude that nonbreeders tend to be lower quality individuals. The effect of sex was also investigated: males and females do not differ with respect to survival probabilities when reproductive state is taken into account. Similarly, there is no effect of sex on transition probabilities between reproductive states.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/0012-9658(1998)079[2917:AANPPT]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Cam, E., Hines, J.E., Monnat, J.#., Nichols, J.D., and Danchin, E., 1998, Are adult nonbreeders prudent parents?  The kittiwake model: Ecology, v. 79, no. 8, p. 2917-2930, https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9658(1998)079[2917:AANPPT]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"2917","endPage":"2930","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198835,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"79","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e488ae4b07f02db51c2ff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cam, Emmanuelle","contributorId":78069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cam","given":"Emmanuelle","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hines, James E. 0000-0001-5478-7230 jhines@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5478-7230","contributorId":146530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"James","email":"jhines@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":338796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Monnat, J. #NAME?","contributorId":33019,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Monnat","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"#NAME?","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nichols, James D. 0000-0002-7631-2890 jnichols@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":140652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"James","email":"jnichols@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":338794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Danchin, Etienne","contributorId":69034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Danchin","given":"Etienne","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70068731,"text":"70068731 - 1998 - Preliminary results from the investigation of the Pymatuning earthquake of September 25, 1998","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-13T10:00:04","indexId":"70068731","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-01T09:41:48","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3029,"text":"Pennsylvania Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Preliminary results from the investigation of the Pymatuning earthquake of September 25, 1998","docAbstract":"<p>The Pymatuning earthquake occurred on Friday, September 25, 1998, at 19:52:52 Universal Coordinated Time (UTC), or 3:52:52 p.m. EDT, near Jamestown, Pa., at the southern end of the Pymatuning Reservoir, which straddles the Ohio-Pennsylvania border. The National Earthquake Information Center (NEIC) determined that the event had a magnitude of 5.2 mbLg (a magnitude scale used to measure the size of earthquakes that are regional distances away [100 to 1,000 km, or 60 to 600 mi]), an epicenter of 41.5°N latitude, 80.4°W longitude, and an estimated depth of 5 km (3 mi). One person was reported injured as a result of being thrown to the ground by the earthquake, and it caused minor damage to buildings and seriously disrupted many water wells in the GreenvilleJamestown, Pa., area. The earthquake was generally felt over an area of approximately 200,000 km<sup>2</sup> (77,230 mi<sup>2</sup>) throughout northern Ohio, western Pennsylvania and New York, and much of southern Ontario, Canada (see map on back cover). It was also felt as far west as Illinois and Wisconsin, as far east as New Jersey, Connecticut, and the District of Columbia, and as far south as Kentucky and Virginia. During the aftershock field investigation that commenced within 12 hours of the main shock, a World Wide Web site, <<i>http://groundmotion.cr.usgs.gov/pym/pym.htm</i>>, was established from the field headquarters. The web site was used not only to transmit investigation results to the world in near real time but also to receive information from the local community as new earthquake effects were reported. As of March 1999, at least 11 aftershocks have occurred, the largest being a magnitude 2.3.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The largest recent previous earthquake in the region was the northeastern Ohio (Leroy) earthquake of magnitude 5.0 that occurred on January 31, 1986, about 65 km (40 mi) west-northwest of the Pymatuning shock. This event was also felt by many of those who felt the Pymatuning earthquake. Similar to most of the seismicity east of the Rocky Mountains, earthquakes in the region are probably shallow (5 to 10 km, or 3 to 6 mi), and Seeber and Armbruster (1993) hypothesized that the earthquakes occurred along preexisting zones of weakness in Precambrian rocks. Wegweiser and others (1998) suggested that seismicity in northwestern Pennsylvania may be associated with the northwest-trending “cross-strike discontinuities” that are recognized in Paleozoic rocks and may represent reactivation of faults in the Precambrian basement. Using structure-contour maps constructed on the tops of lower Paleozoic strata, Alexandrowicz and Cole (1999) found evidence of preexisting northwest-striking faults in the epicentral region of the Pymatuning shock. The Harvard focal mechanism for the Pymatuning earthquake (a method used to infer the slip and orientation of the fault that generated an earthquake) indicates thrust faulting on a northwest striking plane, which is consistent with the regional northeast-southwest compressive stress regime observed in the area. Seeber and Armbruster (1993) plotted three prior earthquakes in the epicentral area having magnitudes greater than 3; two were instrumentally located near the Pymatuning earthquake, and the third event occurred 20 to 30 km (12 to 19 mi) to the northeast in 1852 (Figure 1).</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pennsylvania Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Pennsylvania Topographic and Geologic Survey","usgsCitation":"Armbruster, J., Barton, H., Bodin, P., Buckwalter, T., Cox, J., Cranswick, E., Dewey, J., Fleeger, G., Hopper, M., Horton, S., Hoskins, D., Kilb, D., Meremonte, M., Metzger, A., Risser, D., Seeber, L., Shedlock, K., Stanley, K., Withers, M., and Zirbes, M., 1998, Preliminary results from the investigation of the Pymatuning earthquake of September 25, 1998: Pennsylvania Geology, v. 29, no. 4, p. 2-14.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"2","endPage":"14","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":280845,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280840,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.dcnr.state.pa.us/topogeo/publications/pageolonline/Geology-Volumes22to31/index.htm"}],"country":"Canada;United States","state":"Connecticut;District of Columbia;Illinois;Kentucky;New Jersey;New York;Ohio;Pennsylvania;Wisconsin;Virginia","city":"Greenville;Jamestown","otherGeospatial":"Ontario;Pymatuning Reservoir","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -87.3,39.54 ], [ -87.3,45.48 ], [ -74.97,45.48 ], [ -74.97,39.54 ], [ -87.3,39.54 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"29","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd6dbce4b0b29085105560","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Armbruster, John","contributorId":96996,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Armbruster","given":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barton, Henry","contributorId":65759,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barton","given":"Henry","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bodin, Paul","contributorId":104142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bodin","given":"Paul","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Buckwalter, Theodore","contributorId":77040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buckwalter","given":"Theodore","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cox, Jon","contributorId":86256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cox","given":"Jon","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cranswick, Edward","contributorId":15611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cranswick","given":"Edward","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dewey, James","contributorId":35621,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dewey","given":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Fleeger, Gary","contributorId":57761,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleeger","given":"Gary","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Hopper, Margaret","contributorId":104805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hopper","given":"Margaret","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Horton, Stephen","contributorId":99882,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horton","given":"Stephen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Hoskins, Donald","contributorId":105219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoskins","given":"Donald","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Kilb, Deborah","contributorId":76220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kilb","given":"Deborah","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Meremonte, Mark","contributorId":56968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meremonte","given":"Mark","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Metzger, Ann","contributorId":14293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Metzger","given":"Ann","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Risser, Dennis","contributorId":19466,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Risser","given":"Dennis","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Seeber, Leonardo","contributorId":81133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seeber","given":"Leonardo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Shedlock, Kaye","contributorId":62256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shedlock","given":"Kaye","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Stanley, Katherine","contributorId":106792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanley","given":"Katherine","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Withers, Mitchell","contributorId":29730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Withers","given":"Mitchell","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Zirbes, Madeleine","contributorId":42221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zirbes","given":"Madeleine","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20}]}}
,{"id":70020472,"text":"70020472 - 1998 - Remagnetization of Cretaceous forearc strata on Santa Margarita and Magdalena Islands, Baja California Sur: Implications for northward transport along the California margin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-05T22:06:13.902558","indexId":"70020472","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3524,"text":"Tectonics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Remagnetization of Cretaceous forearc strata on Santa Margarita and Magdalena Islands, Baja California Sur: Implications for northward transport along the California margin","docAbstract":"<p><span>Paleomagnetic data for two sections of Cretaceous forearc strata with different structural attitudes on Santa Margarita and Magdalena Islands in Baja California Sur, Mexico, indicate that these rocks have been remagnetized, probably during the late Cenozoic. The in situ paleomagnetic directions, however, are similar to data from other Cretaceous rocks on peninsular California with unexpectedly shallow inclinations and easterly declinations. These data have been interpreted as indicating either northward tectonic transport (10°–15° of latitude) and clockwise rotation (&gt;20°) or compaction shallowing of magnetic inclinations in sedimentary rocks combined with southwestward tilting of plutonic rocks. The available paleomagnetic data for Cretaceous forearc strata in southern and Baja California can be divided into three groups: (1) sections with normal-polarity magnetizations that fail fold tests and are remagnetized, (2) sections with normal-polarity magnetizations with no or inconclusive fold tests that may or may not be remagnetized, and (3) sections with both normal-and reversed-polarity intervals where pervasive remagnetization has not occurred. Other rocks of the Mesozoic Great Valley Group, Coast Range ophiolite, and Franciscan Complex in California also have secondary magnetizations with directions similar to younger geomagnetic field directions. Although these widespread remagnetizations could have variable local causes, we propose regional burial and uplift, related to changes in subduction parameters, as a possible explanation. Two episodes of remagnetization are apparent: one in the Late Cretaceous and a second in the late Cenozoic. On the other hand, the unremagnetized and apparently reliable data from sedimentary and plutonic rocks on the Baja Peninsula consistently indicate northward translation (14° ± 3°) and clockwise rotation (29° ± 8°) with respect to North America since the Late Cretaceous.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/1998TC900009","issn":"02787407","usgsCitation":"Hagstrum, J.T., and Sedlock, R., 1998, Remagnetization of Cretaceous forearc strata on Santa Margarita and Magdalena Islands, Baja California Sur: Implications for northward transport along the California margin: Tectonics, v. 17, no. 6, p. 872-882, https://doi.org/10.1029/1998TC900009.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"872","endPage":"882","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":495368,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/1998tc900009","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":231183,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico, United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Baja California Peninsula","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -117.70185940622781,\n              33.151290779398266\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.59664160892235,\n              27.780197101230065\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.17325709258446,\n              23.15499868582843\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.68162498599224,\n              22.209168374197077\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.35496268896472,\n              32.47978663924344\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.70185940622781,\n              33.151290779398266\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"17","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa6bfe4b0c8380cd8501e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hagstrum, Jonathan T. 0000-0002-0689-280X jhag@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0689-280X","contributorId":3474,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hagstrum","given":"Jonathan","email":"jhag@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":386342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sedlock, R.L.","contributorId":76902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sedlock","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5223504,"text":"5223504 - 1998 - Mortality and survival of white-tailed deer Odocoileus virginianus fawns on a north Atlantic coastal island","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-20T15:31:20.590748","indexId":"5223504","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3766,"text":"Wildlife Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Mortality and survival of white-tailed deer <i>Odocoileus virginianus</i> fawns on a north Atlantic coastal island","title":"Mortality and survival of white-tailed deer Odocoileus virginianus fawns on a north Atlantic coastal island","docAbstract":"<p><span id=\"_mce_caret\" data-mce-bogus=\"1\" data-mce-type=\"format-caret\"><span>Mortality and survival of white-tailed deer&nbsp;</span><i>Odocoileus virginianus</i><span>&nbsp;fawns (N = 29) were studied from birth to one year of age during 1991–95 on Mount Desert Island (MDI), Maine, where deer hunting is prohibited, coyotes&nbsp;</span><i>Canis latrans</i><span>&nbsp;have become recently established, and protected U.S. National Park lands are interspersed with private property. The rate of predator-caused mortality was 0.52, with coyote predation (N = 8) accounting for at least 47% of mortalities from all causes (N = 17). Mortality rate from drowning was 0.24 (N = 3), and from vehicles 0.14 (N = 3). For fawns radio-collared as neonates, 10 of 14&nbsp;mortalities occurred during the first two months of life. Annual rate of fawn survival was 0.26. Survival rate from six months to one year was 0.65 and four mortalities (two predation, two drowning) were observed during this interval. A subgroup of fawns (N = 11) captured near a residential area and along the periphery of a coyote territory had a higher rate of survival to one year of age (S = 0.67) than did fawns from all other areas (N = 18, S = 0.00). Recruitment to one year of age was lower than that observed in other deer populations in the northeastern United States. Low recruitment associated with coyote predation and mortality sources associated with humans appears to be limiting white-tailed deer populations in some segments of this insular landscape.</span></span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Nordic Society Oikos","doi":"10.2981/wlb.1998.021","usgsCitation":"Long, R.A., O'Connell, A., and Harrison, D., 1998, Mortality and survival of white-tailed deer Odocoileus virginianus fawns on a north Atlantic coastal island: Wildlife Biology, v. 4, no. 4, p. 237-247, https://doi.org/10.2981/wlb.1998.021.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"237","endPage":"247","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198379,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine","otherGeospatial":"Mount Desert Island","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -68.38196055331673,\n              44.425706047302356\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.45149653595121,\n              44.31258718525088\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.3803802146126,\n              44.21911346307738\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.28521091278046,\n              44.221512973478696\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.27361179309928,\n              44.26253300565253\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.17375180749349,\n              44.31401463557904\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.17068685400467,\n              44.351151462513\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.19026303612392,\n              44.39088823861567\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.24252970161888,\n              44.43392038457629\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.31683655758452,\n              44.448601907839034\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.38196055331673,\n              44.425706047302356\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b02e4b07f02db698cd9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Long, Robert A.","contributorId":11732,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Long","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":13253,"text":"University of Vermont","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":338887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O'Connell, A.F. Jr. 0000-0001-7032-7023","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7032-7023","contributorId":24055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Connell","given":"A.F.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harrison, D.J.","contributorId":82022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harrison","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
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