{"pageNumber":"3169","pageRowStart":"79200","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184884,"records":[{"id":70045649,"text":"70045649 - 2000 - Gemstones","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-27T20:37:02","indexId":"70045649","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2755,"text":"Mining Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Gemstones","docAbstract":"Part of the 1999 Industrial Minerals Review. A review of the state of the gemstone industry worldwide in 1999 is presented. According to the U.S. Geological Survey, the estimated value of natural gemstones produced from U.S. deposits in 1999 was $13.5 million. The estimated value of U.S. apparent consumption of gemstones in 1999 was $6.88 billion, an increase of 9 percent from 1998. World demand for gem diamonds is expected to continue to increase with the increase in populations and personal incomes in industrialized nations.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mining Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"SME","usgsCitation":"Olson, D., 2000, Gemstones: Mining Engineering, v. 52, no. 6, p. 41-42.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"41","endPage":"42","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271560,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"517cf36fe4b0d8907b2881ff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Olson, D.W.","contributorId":82369,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olson","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70045668,"text":"70045668 - 2000 - Exploration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-29T09:15:06","indexId":"70045668","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2755,"text":"Mining Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Exploration","docAbstract":"This summary of international nonfuel mineral exploration activities for 1999 draws upon available data from literature, industry and US Geological Survey (USGS) specialists. The report documents data on exploration budgets by region and commodity and identifies significant mineral discoveries and exploration target areas. It also discusses government programs affecting the mineral exploration industry. And it presents inferences and observations on mineral industry direction based on these data and discussions.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mining Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"SME","usgsCitation":"Wilburn, D., 2000, Exploration: Mining Engineering, v. 52, no. 5, p. 38-48.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"38","endPage":"48","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271597,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"517f9665e4b0e41721f7a339","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilburn, D.R.","contributorId":98911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilburn","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70045429,"text":"70045429 - 2000 - Ball clay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-16T11:00:44","indexId":"70045429","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2755,"text":"Mining Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ball clay","docAbstract":"Part of the 1999 Industrial Minerals Review. The state of the ball clay industry in 1999 is presented. Record highs in the sales and use of ball clay were attained in 1999 due to the continued strength of the U.S. economy. U.S. production was estimated at 1.25 million st for the year, with more than half of that amount mined in Tennessee. Details of the consumption, price, imports, and exports of ball clay in 1999 and the outlook for ball clay over the next few years are provided.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mining Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"SME","publisherLocation":"Englewood, CO","usgsCitation":"Virta, R., 2000, Ball clay: Mining Engineering, v. 52, no. 6, p. 28-28.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"28","endPage":"28","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":270978,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"516e72e3e4b00154e4368b9c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Virta, R.L.","contributorId":39357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Virta","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70045434,"text":"70045434 - 2000 - Common clay and shale","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-16T11:30:54","indexId":"70045434","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2755,"text":"Mining Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Common clay and shale","docAbstract":"Part of the 1999 Industrial Minerals Review. The clay and shale market in 1999 is reviewed. In the U.S., sales or use of clay and shale increased from 26.4 million st in 1998 to 27.3 million st in 1999, with an estimated 1999 value of production of $143 million. These materials were used to produce structural clay products, lightweight aggregates, cement, and ceramics and refractories. Production statistics for clays and shales and for their uses in 1999 are presented.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mining Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"SME","publisherLocation":"Englewood, CO","usgsCitation":"Virta, R., 2000, Common clay and shale: Mining Engineering, v. 52, no. 6, p. 35-36.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"35","endPage":"36","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":270987,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"516e72e8e4b00154e4368bd6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Virta, R.L.","contributorId":39357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Virta","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70045777,"text":"70045777 - 2000 - Peat","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-05T16:36:33","indexId":"70045777","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2755,"text":"Mining Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Peat","docAbstract":"The United States continued to be significant producer and consumer of peat for horticultural and industrial applications in 1999. Florida, Michigan and Minnesota were the largest producing states, in order of output.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mining Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"SME","usgsCitation":"Jasinski, S., 2000, Peat: Mining Engineering, v. 52, no. 6, p. 51-51.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"51","endPage":"51","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271832,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51877f69e4b078fc9c244ba4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jasinski, S.M.","contributorId":107085,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jasinski","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70045642,"text":"70045642 - 2000 - Industrial garnet","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-27T20:08:14","indexId":"70045642","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2755,"text":"Mining Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Industrial garnet","docAbstract":"The state of the global industrial garnet industry in 1999 is discussed. Industrial garnet mined in the U.S., which accounts for approximately one-third of the world's total, is usually a solid-solution of almandine and pyrope. The U.S. is the largest consumer of industrial garnet, using an estimated 47,800 st in 1999 as an abrasive and as a filtration medium in the petroleum industry, filtration plants, aircraft and motor vehicle manufacture, shipbuilding, wood furniture finishing operations, electronic component manufacture, ceramics manufacture, and glass production. Prices for crude concentrates ranged from approximately $50 to $110/st and refined garnet from $50 to $215/st in 1999, depending on type, source, quantity purchased, quality, and application.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mining Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"SME","usgsCitation":"Olson, D., 2000, Industrial garnet: Mining Engineering, v. 52, no. 6, p. 46-46.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"46","endPage":"46","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271551,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"517cf375e4b0d8907b288243","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Olson, D.W.","contributorId":82369,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olson","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70045805,"text":"70045805 - 2000 - Strontium","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-06T12:59:04","indexId":"70045805","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2755,"text":"Mining Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Strontium","docAbstract":"Mexico is the leading producer of celestite, the most common strontium ore. Chemical Products is the only major US maker of strontium compounds. It produces all of its strontium carbonate from imported Mexican celestite. Mexico is also a large producer of strontium carbonate, as are China, Germany, Japan and the Republic of Korea. There has been no celestite production in the United States since 1959.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mining Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"SME","usgsCitation":"Ober, J., 2000, Strontium: Mining Engineering, v. 52, no. 6, p. 62-63.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"62","endPage":"63","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271884,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5188d4e7e4b023d2d75b9aa1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ober, J.A.","contributorId":76351,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ober","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70045783,"text":"70045783 - 2000 - Construction aggregates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-05T17:45:21","indexId":"70045783","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2755,"text":"Mining Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Construction aggregates","docAbstract":"Construction aggregates consist primarily of crushed stone and construction sand and gravel. Total estimated production of construction aggregates increased in 1999 by about 2% to 2.39 Gt (2.64 billion st) compared with 1998. This record production level continued an expansion that began in 1992. By commodities, crushed stone production increased 3.3%, while sand and gravel production increased by about 0.5%.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mining Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"SME","usgsCitation":"Langer, W.H., Tepordei, V., and Bolen, W., 2000, Construction aggregates: Mining Engineering, v. 52, no. 6, p. 36-37.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"36","endPage":"37","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271841,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51877f63e4b078fc9c244b72","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Langer, W. H.","contributorId":44932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langer","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tepordei, V.V.","contributorId":34406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tepordei","given":"V.V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bolen, W.P.","contributorId":46394,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bolen","given":"W.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70045633,"text":"70045633 - 2000 - Industrial diamond","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-27T19:24:42","indexId":"70045633","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2755,"text":"Mining Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Industrial diamond","docAbstract":"Part of the 1999 Industrial Minerals Review. A review of the state of the global industrial diamond industry in 1999 is presented. World consumption of industrial diamond has increased annually in recent years, with an estimated 500 million carats valued between $650 million and $800 million consumed in 1999. In 1999, the U.S. was the world's largest market for industrial diamond and was also one of the world's main producers; the others were Ireland, Russia, and South Africa. Uses of industrial diamonds are discussed, and prices of natural and synthetic industrial diamond are reported.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mining Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"SEM","usgsCitation":"Olson, D., 2000, Industrial diamond: Mining Engineering, v. 52, no. 6, p. 44-46.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"44","endPage":"46","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271539,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"517cf371e4b0d8907b288213","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Olson, D.W.","contributorId":82369,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olson","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70043433,"text":"70043433 - 2000 - Behavior and passage of silver-phase American eels, Anguilla rostrata (LeSueur), at a small hydroelectric facility","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-03T16:57:35.077751","indexId":"70043433","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1366,"text":"Dana","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Behavior and passage of silver-phase American eels, <i>Anguilla rostrata</i> (LeSueur), at a small hydroelectric facility","title":"Behavior and passage of silver-phase American eels, Anguilla rostrata (LeSueur), at a small hydroelectric facility","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Technical University of Denmark","usgsCitation":"Haro, A., Castro-Santos, T., and Boubee, J., 2000, Behavior and passage of silver-phase American eels, Anguilla rostrata (LeSueur), at a small hydroelectric facility: Dana, v. 12, p. 33-42.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"33","endPage":"42","ipdsId":"IP-008996","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273711,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":273710,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.aqua.dtu.dk/english/about/publications/historical-journals/dana"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Connecticut","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -73.5081,41.239 ], [ -73.5081,42.8868 ], [ -69.928,42.8868 ], [ -69.928,41.239 ], [ -73.5081,41.239 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51bc3b62e4b0c04034a01c9b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haro, Alex 0000-0002-7188-9172","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7188-9172","contributorId":37223,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haro","given":"Alex","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":473570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Castro-Santos, Ted 0000-0003-2575-9120","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2575-9120","contributorId":94574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Castro-Santos","given":"Ted","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":473572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boubee, Jacques","contributorId":88638,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boubee","given":"Jacques","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70045446,"text":"70045446 - 2000 - Kaolin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-16T14:43:53","indexId":"70045446","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2755,"text":"Mining Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Kaolin","docAbstract":"Part of the 1998 Industrial Minerals Review. Activities in the kaolin industry in 1999 are reviewed. U.S. production of kaolin in 1999 was estimated to be 10.7 million st, an increase of 0.3 million st from the previous year. The paper industry is the largest user of kaolin, accounting for 59 percent of domestic sales. Company activities, announcements, and plans of interest to the kaolin industry are outlined.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mining Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"SME","publisherLocation":"Englewood, CO","usgsCitation":"Virta, R., 2000, Kaolin: Mining Engineering, v. 52, no. 6, p. 47-48.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"47","endPage":"48","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271008,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"516e72eee4b00154e4368c2d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Virta, R.L.","contributorId":39357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Virta","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70006912,"text":"70006912 - 2000 - Quantification of the nitrogen cycle in a prairie stream","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-05T16:38:27.119126","indexId":"70006912","displayToPublicDate":"2012-06-18T14:57:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1478,"text":"Ecosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantification of the nitrogen cycle in a prairie stream","docAbstract":"Nitrogen (N) was added for 35 days in the form of <sup>15</sup>NH<sub>4</sub>Cl to Kings Creek on Konza Prairie, Kansas. Standing stocks of N in key compartments (that is, nutrients, detritus, organisms) were quantified, and the amount of labeled N entering the compartments was analyzed. These data were used to calculate turnover and flux rates of N cycling through the food web, as well as nutrient transformation rates. Inorganic N pools turned over much more rapidly in the water column of this stream than in pelagic systems where comparable measurements have been made. As with other systems, the mass of ammonium was low but it was the key compartment mediating nutrient flux through the ecosystem, whereas dissolved organic N, the primary component of N flux through the system, is not actively cycled. Nitrification was also a significant flux of N in the stream, with rates in the water column and surface of benthos accounting for approximately 10% of the total ammonium uptake. Primary consumers assimilated 67% of the inorganic N that entered benthic algae and microbes. Predators acquired 23% of the N that consumers obtained. Invertebrate collectors, omnivorous crayfish (<i>Orconectes</i> spp.), and invertebrate shredders dominated the N flux associated with primary consumers. Mass balance calculations indicated that at least 23% of the 309 mg of <sup>15</sup>N added during the 35 days of release was retained within the 210-m stream reach during the release. Overall, the rates of turnover of N in organisms and organic substrata were significantly greater when C:N was low. This ratio may be a surrogate for biological activity with regard to N flux in streams.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s100210000050","usgsCitation":"Dodds, W., Evans-White, M.A., Gerlanc, N.M., Gray, L., Gudder, D.A., Kemp, M.J., Lopez, A.L., Stagliano, D., Strauss, E.A., Tank, J., Whiles, M.R., and Wollheim, W., 2000, Quantification of the nitrogen cycle in a prairie stream: Ecosystems, v. 3, no. 6, p. 574-589, https://doi.org/10.1007/s100210000050.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"574","endPage":"589","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257959,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","otherGeospatial":"Kings Creek, Konza Prairie","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    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L.","contributorId":103870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tank","given":"Jennifer L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Whiles, Matt R.","contributorId":92527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whiles","given":"Matt","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Wollheim, Wilfred M.","contributorId":104758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wollheim","given":"Wilfred M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
,{"id":70038228,"text":"70038228 - 2000 - Calcite crystal growth rate inhibition by aquatic humic substances.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-04-30T16:43:35","indexId":"70038228","displayToPublicDate":"2012-04-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Calcite crystal growth rate inhibition by aquatic humic substances.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Advances in Crystal Growth Inhibition Technologies","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Reddy, M., and Hoch, A., 2000, Calcite crystal growth rate inhibition by aquatic humic substances., chap. <i>of</i> Advances in Crystal Growth Inhibition Technologies, p. 107-121.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"107","endPage":"121","costCenters":[{"id":629,"text":"Water Resources Division","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":254621,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f2f4e4b0c8380cd4b4e3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reddy, M.M.","contributorId":24363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reddy","given":"M.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hoch, A.R.","contributorId":71711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoch","given":"A.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70038227,"text":"70038227 - 2000 - The inhibition of calcium carbonate formation in aqueous supersaturated solutions. Spontaneous precipitation and seeded crystal growth.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-04-30T16:43:35","indexId":"70038227","displayToPublicDate":"2012-04-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"The inhibition of calcium carbonate formation in aqueous supersaturated solutions. Spontaneous precipitation and seeded crystal growth.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Advances in Crystal Growth Inhibition Technologies","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Klepetsanis, P., Kladi, A., Ostvold, T., Kontoyiannis, C., Koutsoukos, P., Amjad, Z., and Reddy, M., 2000, The inhibition of calcium carbonate formation in aqueous supersaturated solutions. Spontaneous precipitation and seeded crystal growth., chap. <i>of</i> Advances in Crystal Growth Inhibition Technologies, p. 123-137.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"123","endPage":"137","costCenters":[{"id":629,"text":"Water Resources Division","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":254620,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bad44e4b08c986b323ad0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Klepetsanis, P.G.","contributorId":19818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klepetsanis","given":"P.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kladi, A.","contributorId":25803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kladi","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ostvold, T.","contributorId":71036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ostvold","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kontoyiannis, C.G.","contributorId":83774,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kontoyiannis","given":"C.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Koutsoukos, P.G.","contributorId":17457,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koutsoukos","given":"P.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Amjad, Z.","contributorId":101126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Amjad","given":"Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Reddy, M.M.","contributorId":24363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reddy","given":"M.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70039565,"text":"70039565 - 2000 - Strategic science plan Salton Sea restoration project","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-08-12T01:01:45","indexId":"70039565","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T22:57:03","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Strategic science plan Salton Sea restoration project","docAbstract":"The Salton Sea is an ecosystem in peril. Its prehistory consists of a series of intermittent lakes dependent on infrequent flooding of the Colorado River, while the modern Salton Sea originated from the desire to harness the flow of the Colorado River for irrigation. What began as an accident of this attempt is now a permanent inland sea supported by wastewater and agricultural drainage rather than Colorado River flood flows. However, environmental degradation is challenging the ability of the Sea to sustain the biological components that society has learned to value as characteristics of this waterbody. Increasing salinity and increasing frequency and magnitude of wildlife losses indicate the Sea is under severe environmental stress. The Salton Sea Restoration Project originated to reverse this degradation, to stabilize fluctuating water levels, and to provide a permanent waterbody that sustains values of the human society that uses it. The project foundation is provided by Public Law (PL) 102-575, passed by Congress in 1992. PL 102-575 directs the Secretary of the Interior to \"conduct a research project for the development of a method or combination of methods to reduce and control salinity, provide endangered species habitat, enhance fisheries, and protect human recreational values . . . in the area of the Salton Sea.\" That PL was followed by the Salton Sea Reclamation Act of 1998 (PL 105-372), which directs the Secretary of the Interior to \"complete all studies, including, but not limited to\nenvironmental and other reviews, of the feasibility and benefit-cost of various options that permit the continued use of the Salton Sea.\"","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Salton Sea Science Subcommittee, 2000, Strategic science plan Salton Sea restoration project, ES-5, iii, 1-8, 2-6, 3-29, 4-3; ill.; maps; Appendices.","productDescription":"ES-5, iii, 1-8, 2-6, 3-29, 4-3; ill.; maps; Appendices","numberOfPages":"107","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":259581,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b98b7e4b08c986b31c103","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Salton Sea Science Subcommittee","contributorId":128201,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Salton Sea Science Subcommittee","id":535366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70006641,"text":"70006641 - 2000 - Biological characterisation of Sarcocystis neurona isolated from a Southern sea otter (Enhydra lutris nereis)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-08T15:45:36.572901","indexId":"70006641","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T21:11:01","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2024,"text":"International Journal for Parasitology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Biological characterisation of <i>Sarcocystis neurona</i> isolated from a Southern sea otter (<i>Enhydra lutris nereis</i>)","title":"Biological characterisation of Sarcocystis neurona isolated from a Southern sea otter (Enhydra lutris nereis)","docAbstract":"<p><i>Sarcocystis</i><span>&nbsp;</span><i>neurona</i><span>&nbsp;was isolated from the brain of a juvenile, male southern sea otter (</span><i>Enhydra lutris nereis</i><span>) suffering from CNS disease. Schizonts and merozoites in tissue sections of the otter’s brain reacted with anti-</span><i>S. neurona</i><span>&nbsp;antiserum immunohistochemically. Development in cell culture was by endopolyogeny and mature schizonts were first observed at 3 days postinoculation. PCR of merozoite DNA using primer pairs JNB33/JNB54 and restriction enzyme digestion of the 1100 bp product with&nbsp;</span><i>Dra</i><span>&nbsp;I indicated the organism was&nbsp;</span><i>S. neurona</i><span>. Four of four interferon-γ gene knockout mice inoculated with merozoites developed&nbsp;</span><i>S. neurona</i><span>-associated encephalitis. Antibodies to&nbsp;</span><i>S.</i><span>&nbsp;</span><i>neurona</i><span>&nbsp;but not&nbsp;</span><i>Sarcocystis falcatula</i><span>,&nbsp;</span><i>Toxoplasma gondii</i><span>, or&nbsp;</span><i>Neospora caninum</i><span>&nbsp;were present in the serum of inoculated mice. This is the first isolation of&nbsp;</span><i>S. neurona</i><span>&nbsp;from the brain of a non-equine host.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0020-7519(00)00034-5","usgsCitation":"Lindsay, D.S., Thomas, N., and Dubey, J., 2000, Biological characterisation of Sarcocystis neurona isolated from a Southern sea otter (Enhydra lutris nereis): International Journal for Parasitology, v. 30, no. 5, p. 617-624, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0020-7519(00)00034-5.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"617","endPage":"624","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":258255,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f164e4b0c8380cd4ac32","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lindsay, D. S.","contributorId":71132,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lindsay","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thomas, N. J. 0000-0002-0161-0391","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0161-0391","contributorId":49731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"N. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dubey, J. P.","contributorId":80609,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dubey","given":"J. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70006414,"text":"70006414 - 2000 - The roles of optimism in conservation biology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-21T13:37:50","indexId":"70006414","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T12:07:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1321,"text":"Conservation Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The roles of optimism in conservation biology","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.<br></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1046/j.1523-1739.2000.99170.x","usgsCitation":"Beever, E.A., 2000, The roles of optimism in conservation biology: Conservation Biology, v. 14, no. 3, p. 907-909, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1739.2000.99170.x.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"907","endPage":"909","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":258448,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2001-12-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bafa7e4b08c986b32495d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beever, Erik A. 0000-0002-9369-486X ebeever@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9369-486X","contributorId":2934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beever","given":"Erik","email":"ebeever@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":354456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70006762,"text":"70006762 - 2000 - The presence of high-affinity, low-capacity estradiol-17β binding in rainbow trout scale indicates a possible endocrine route for the regulation of scale resorption","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-25T19:28:53.731481","indexId":"70006762","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T11:46:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1738,"text":"General and Comparative Endocrinology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The presence of high-affinity, low-capacity estradiol-17β binding in rainbow trout scale indicates a possible endocrine route for the regulation of scale resorption","docAbstract":"<p><span>High-affinity, low-capacity estradiol-17β (E</span><sub>2</sub><span>) binding is present in rainbow trout scale. The&nbsp;</span><i>K</i><sub>d</sub><span>&nbsp;and&nbsp;</span><i>B</i><sub>max</sub><span>&nbsp;of the scale E</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;binding are similar to those of the liver E</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;receptor (</span><i>K</i><sub>d</sub><span>&nbsp;is 1.6 ± 0.1 and 1.4 ± 0.1 nM, and&nbsp;</span><i>B</i><sub>max</sub><span>&nbsp;is 9.1 ± 1.2 and 23.1 ± 2.2 fmol × mg protein</span><sup>-1</sup><span>, for scale and liver, respectively), but different from those of the high-affinity, low-capacity E</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;binding in plasma (</span><i>K</i><sub>d</sub><span>&nbsp;is 4.0 ± 0.4 nM and&nbsp;</span><i>B</i><sub>max</sub><span>&nbsp;is 625.4 ± 63.1 fmol × mg protein</span><sup>−1</sup><span>). The E</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;binding in scale was displaced by testosterone, but not by diethylstilbestrol. Hence, the ligand binding specificity is different from that of the previously characterized liver E</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;receptor, where E</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;is displaced by diethylstilbestrol, but not by testosterone. The putative scale E</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;receptor thus appears to bind both E</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;and testosterone, and it is proposed that the increased scale resorption observed during sexual maturation in both sexes of several salmonid species may be mediated by this receptor. No high-affinity, low-capacity E</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;binding could be detected in rainbow trout gill or skin.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1006/gcen.2000.7536","usgsCitation":"Persson, P., Shrimpton, J.M., McCormick, S., and Bjornsson, B.T., 2000, The presence of high-affinity, low-capacity estradiol-17β binding in rainbow trout scale indicates a possible endocrine route for the regulation of scale resorption: General and Comparative Endocrinology, v. 120, no. 1, p. 35-43, https://doi.org/10.1006/gcen.2000.7536.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"35","endPage":"43","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479086,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.321.4155","text":"External Repository"},{"id":258862,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"120","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baec9e4b08c986b32433a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Persson, Petra","contributorId":88500,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Persson","given":"Petra","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shrimpton, J. Mark","contributorId":42747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shrimpton","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Mark","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McCormick, S. D. 0000-0003-0621-6200","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0621-6200","contributorId":20278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCormick","given":"S. D.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":355170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bjornsson, Bjorn Thrandur","contributorId":28928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bjornsson","given":"Bjorn","email":"","middleInitial":"Thrandur","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70039470,"text":"70039470 - 2000 - Wisconsin: A summary of cooperative water-resources investigations 2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-08-08T01:02:14","indexId":"70039470","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T11:00:17","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":379,"text":"Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"Wisconsin: A summary of cooperative water-resources investigations 2000","docAbstract":"The objectives of this study are to provide continuous discharge records for selected rivers at specific sites to supply the needs for regulation, analytical studies, definition of statistical properties, trends analysis, determination of the occurrence, and distribution of water in streams for planning. The project is also designed to determine lake levels and to provide discharge for floods, low-flow conditions, and for water-quality investigations. Requests for streamflow data and information relating to streamflow in Wisconsin are answered. Basic data are published annually in the report \"Water Resources Data-Wisconsin\".","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/70039470","collaboration":"In cooperation with the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, and Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, 2000, Wisconsin: A summary of cooperative water-resources investigations 2000: Report, viii, 53 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70039470.","productDescription":"viii, 53 p.","numberOfPages":"65","costCenters":[{"id":676,"text":"Wisconsin Water Resource Division","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":261600,"rank":800,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70039470/report.pdf"},{"id":261601,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70039470/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -92.9,42.5 ], [ -92.9,47.05 ], [ -86.81666666666666,47.05 ], [ -86.81666666666666,42.5 ], [ -92.9,42.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd174e4b08c986b32f43e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources","contributorId":127977,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources","id":535316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70038778,"text":"70038778 - 2000 - Dating marine terraces with relative-age and correlated-age methods","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-06-21T01:01:41","indexId":"70038778","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T10:24:11","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Dating marine terraces with relative-age and correlated-age methods","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary Geochronology: Methods and Applications, AGU Reference Shelf, vol. 4","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/RF004p0434","usgsCitation":"Muhs, D., 2000, Dating marine terraces with relative-age and correlated-age methods, chap. <i>of</i> Quaternary Geochronology: Methods and Applications, AGU Reference Shelf, vol. 4, p. 434-446, https://doi.org/10.1029/RF004p0434.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"434","endPage":"446","costCenters":[{"id":308,"text":"Geology and Environmental Change Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257753,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":257736,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/RF004p0434","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-03-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fde1e4b0c8380cd4e9b0","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Noller, J.S.","contributorId":49837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noller","given":"J.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509002,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sowers, J.M.","contributorId":89546,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sowers","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509004,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lettis, W. R.","contributorId":72842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lettis","given":"W. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509003,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Muhs, D.R. 0000-0001-7449-251X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7449-251X","contributorId":61460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhs","given":"D.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70022190,"text":"70022190 - 2000 - Frequency dependent <i>Lg</i> attenuation in south-central Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-06-23T01:01:39","indexId":"70022190","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Frequency dependent <i>Lg</i> attenuation in south-central Alaska","docAbstract":"The characteristics of seismic energy attenuation are determined using high frequency <i>Lg</i> waves from 27 crustal earthquakes, in south-central Alaska. <i>Lg</i> time-domain amplitudes are measured in five pass-bands and inverted to determine a frequency-dependent quality factor, Q(<i>f</i>), model for south-central Alaska. The inversion in this study yields the frequency-dependent quality factor, in the form of a power law: Q(<i>f</i>) = Q<sub>0</sub><i>f</i><sup>&eta;</sup> = 220(&plusmn;30) <i>f</i><sup>0.66(&plusmn;0.09)</sup> (0.75&le;<i>f</i>&le;12Hz). The results from this study are remarkably consistent with frequency dependent quality factor estimates, using local S-wave coda, in south-central Alaska. The consistency between <i>S</i>-coda Q(<i>f</i>) and <i>Lg</i> Q(<i>f</i>) enables constraints to be placed on the mechanism of crustal attenuation in south-central Alaska. For the range of frequencies considered in this study both scattering and intrinsic attenuation mechanisms likely play an equal role.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2000GL011732","issn":"00948276","usgsCitation":"McNamara, D., 2000, Frequency dependent <i>Lg</i> attenuation in south-central Alaska: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 27, no. 23, p. 3949-3952, https://doi.org/10.1029/2000GL011732.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"3949","endPage":"3952","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":206817,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000GL011732"},{"id":230860,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"23","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a13cee4b0c8380cd547ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McNamara, D.E. 0000-0001-6860-0350","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6860-0350","contributorId":52286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McNamara","given":"D.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":392664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70039026,"text":"70039026 - 2000 - Macromoths of northwest forests and woodlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-15T14:25:02","indexId":"70039026","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"seriesNumber":"FHTET-98-18","title":"Macromoths of northwest forests and woodlands","docAbstract":"The macromoths are a group of families within the order Lepidoptera. The macromoths in the woodlands and forests of the Pacific Northwest are represented by 1,200 species in 12 families: Arctiidae, Dioptidae, Drepanidae, Epiplemidae, Geometridae, Lasiocampidae, Lymantriidae, Noctuidae, Notodontidae, Saturniidae, Sphingidae, and Thyatiridae. In addition to the macromoths, the Lepidoptera are represented by the butterflies and skippers, and the micromoths. Butterflies possess a knob at the tip of the antennae while the tip of the antennae in skippers is typically hooked. The tip of the antennae in macromoths and micromoths is tapered. The differences between macromoths and micromoths is not literally based on size as the names suggest but rather in details of the female reproductive tract and wing venation. These details are discussed and illustrated in most texts on general entomology (Borror et al. 1989) and in books about Lepidoptera (Covell 1984).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team","publisherLocation":"Morgantown, WV","usgsCitation":"Miller, J.C., and Hammond, P., 2000, Macromoths of northwest forests and woodlands, 133 p.; HTML Document.","productDescription":"133 p.; HTML Document","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":202,"text":"Cooperative Forest Ecosystem Research","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":258905,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States;Canada","state":"California;Oregon;Washington;Idaho;Montana;British Columbia","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4b20e4b0c8380cd692ea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Jeffrey C.","contributorId":10866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hammond, Paul C.","contributorId":90975,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hammond","given":"Paul C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70005924,"text":"wdrNJ993 - 2000 - Water Resources Data - New Jersey, Water Year 1999, Volume 3, Water-Quality Data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:43","indexId":"wdrNJ993","displayToPublicDate":"2011-11-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"NJ-99-3","title":"Water Resources Data - New Jersey, Water Year 1999, Volume 3, Water-Quality Data","docAbstract":"Water-resources data for the 1999 water year for New Jersey are presented in three volumes, and consists of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; stage and contents of lakes and reservoirs; and water levels and water quality of ground water. Volume 3 contains a summary of surface and ground water hydrologic conditions for the 1999 water year, a listing of current water-resource projects in New Jersey, a bibliography of water-related reports, articles, and fact sheets for New Jersey completed by the Geological Survey in recent years, water-quality records of chemical analyses from 133 surface-water stations, 46 miscellaneous surface-water sites, 30 ground-water stations, 41 miscellaneous ground-water sites, and records of daily statistics of temperature and other physical measurements from 17 continuous-monitoring stations. Locations of water-quality stations are shown in figures 11 and 17-20. Locations of miscellaneous water-quality sites are shown in figures 29-32 and 34. These data represent the part of the National Water Data System operated by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating Federal, State, and local agencies in New Jersey.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wdrNJ993","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection and with other agencies","usgsCitation":"DeLuca, M., Romanok, K., Riskin, M., Mattes, G., Thomas, A., and Gray, B., 2000, Water Resources Data - New Jersey, Water Year 1999, Volume 3, Water-Quality Data: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report NJ-99-3, xii, 517 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrNJ993.","productDescription":"xii, 517 p.","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116483,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wdr_NJ_99_3.gif"},{"id":101706,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1999/nj-99-3/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"state":"New Jersey","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -75.5,40.166666666666664 ], [ -75.5,40.666666666666664 ], [ -74.33333333333333,40.666666666666664 ], [ -74.33333333333333,40.166666666666664 ], [ -75.5,40.166666666666664 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0de4b07f02db5fd351","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DeLuca, M.J.","contributorId":7663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeLuca","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Romanok, K.M.","contributorId":55900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Romanok","given":"K.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Riskin, M.L.","contributorId":33384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riskin","given":"M.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mattes, G.L.","contributorId":85544,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mattes","given":"G.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Thomas, A.M.","contributorId":47735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"A.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gray, B.J.","contributorId":100331,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"B.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70005311,"text":"70005311 - 2000 - Accuracy assessment for the U.S. Geological Survey Regional Land-Cover Mapping Program: New York and New Jersey Region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-14T13:57:55","indexId":"70005311","displayToPublicDate":"2011-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3052,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Accuracy assessment for the U.S. Geological Survey Regional Land-Cover Mapping Program: New York and New Jersey Region","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with other government and private organizations, is producing a conterminous U.S. land-cover map using Landsat Thematic Mapper 30-meter data for the Federal regions designated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Accuracy assessment is to be conducted for each Federal region to estimate overall and class-specific accuracies. In Region 2, consisting of New York and New Jersey, the accuracy assessment was completed for 15 land-cover and land-use classes, using interpreted 1:40,000-scale aerial photographs as reference data. The methodology used for Region 2 features a two-stage, geographically stratified approach, with a general sample of all classes (1,033 sample sites), and a separate sample for rare classes (294 sample sites). A confidence index was recorded for each land-cover interpretation on the 1:40,000-scale aerial photography The estimated overall accuracy for Region 2 was 63 percent (standard error 1.4 percent) using all sample sites, and 75.2 percent (standard error 1.5 percent) using only reference sites with a high-confidence index. User's and producer's accuracies for the general sample and user's accuracy for the sample of rare classes, as well as variance for the estimated accuracy parameters, were also reported. Narrowly defined land-use classes and heterogeneous conditions of land cover are the major causes of misclassification errors. Recommendations for modifying the accuracy assessment methodology for use in the other nine Federal regions are provided.","language":"English","publisher":"ASPRS","usgsCitation":"Zhu, Z., Yang, L., Stehman, S.V., and Czaplewski, R.L., 2000, Accuracy assessment for the U.S. Geological Survey Regional Land-Cover Mapping Program: New York and New Jersey Region: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 66, p. 1425-1438.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1425","endPage":"1438","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203919,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":91951,"rank":299,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.fs.fed.us/rm/pubs_other/rmrs_2000_zhu_z001.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"volume":"66","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db69966e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhu, Zhi-Liang","contributorId":70726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhu","given":"Zhi-Liang","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yang, Limin 0000-0002-2843-6944 lyang@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2843-6944","contributorId":4305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yang","given":"Limin","email":"lyang@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":352257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stehman, Stephen V.","contributorId":77283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stehman","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Czaplewski, Raymond L.","contributorId":62729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Czaplewski","given":"Raymond","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":98915,"text":"wri004011 - 2000 - Effects of the Paradox Valley Unit on dissolved solids, sodium, and chloride in the Dolores River near Bedrock, Colorado, water years 1988-98","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-09-04T15:19:52","indexId":"wri004011","displayToPublicDate":"2010-12-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"00-4011","title":"Effects of the Paradox Valley Unit on dissolved solids, sodium, and chloride in the Dolores River near Bedrock, Colorado, water years 1988-98","docAbstract":"During 1999, a study was conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation to evaluate the effect of the Paradox Valley Unit on dissolved solids, sodium, and chloride in the Dolores River downstream from the Paradox Valley Unit. This report describes this evaluation and presents the results from this study. Daily mean flow and daily mean specific conductance, measured at gages upstream and downstream from the Paradox Valley Unit, and results from monthly water-quality samples are used to estimate changes in the dissolved-solids load and concentrations of sodium and chloride in the river as it crosses the valley and to correlate these changes with withdrawals of brine by the Paradox Valley Unit. The time period for this evaluation was restricted to October 1987-September 1998 (water years 1988-98) because regular collection of water-quality samples from the Dolores River in the valley began in 1987.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri004011","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Watts, K.R., 2000, Effects of the Paradox Valley Unit on dissolved solids, sodium, and chloride in the Dolores River near Bedrock, Colorado, water years 1988-98: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 00-4011, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri004011.","productDescription":"8 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1988-10-01","temporalEnd":"1998-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science 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