{"pageNumber":"317","pageRowStart":"7900","pageSize":"25","recordCount":10961,"records":[{"id":1003907,"text":"1003907 - 1991 - Fall and winter distribution of Canada geese in the Mississippi flyway","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-11-29T16:59:16.102986","indexId":"1003907","displayToPublicDate":"1991-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fall and winter distribution of Canada geese in the Mississippi flyway","docAbstract":"<p>Canada geese (<i>Branta canadensis</i>) from northern Manitoba and northern Ontario were marked with leg bands and neck bands and observed throughout the Mississippi flyway from 1978 to 1989. We used observations of neck-banded geese within each state to determine the relative fall/winter distribution of the Eastern Prairie Population (EPP) and the Mississippi Valley Population (MVP). Mississippi Valley geese were affiliated with states east of the Mississippi River; EPP geese were affiliated with states west of the Mississippi River. However, we found geographic differences in population distribution within several states. Significant annual changes in distribution also occurred in most states. Management of Mississippi flyway geese should consider the differences in both population dynamics and spatial and temporal distributions of MVP and EPP geese in determining state and flyway harvest objectives.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3808973","usgsCitation":"Samuel, M., Rusch, D.H., Abraham, K., Gillespie, M.M., Prevett, J.P., and Swenson, G.W., 1991, Fall and winter distribution of Canada geese in the Mississippi flyway: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 55, no. 3, p. 449-456, https://doi.org/10.2307/3808973.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"449","endPage":"456","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":486827,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3808973","text":"Publisher Index 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Paul","contributorId":24730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prevett","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Paul","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Swenson, George W.","contributorId":33270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swenson","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70016690,"text":"70016690 - 1991 - Resource constraints in petroleum production potential","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-19T15:28:23.999091","indexId":"70016690","displayToPublicDate":"1991-06-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Resource constraints in petroleum production potential","docAbstract":"Geologic reasons indicate that the dominant position of the Middle East as a source of conventional petroleum will not be changed by new discoveries elsewhere. The share of world crude oil production coming from the Middle East could increase, within 10 to 20 years, to exceed 50 percent, under even modest increases in world consumption. Nonconventional resources of oil exist in large quantities, but because of their low production rates they can at best only mitigate extant trends. Increased production of natural gas outside the United States, however, offers an opportunity for geographically diversified energy supplies in the near future.","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.253.5016.146","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Masters, C., Root, D.H., and Attanasi, E.D., 1991, Resource constraints in petroleum production potential: Science, v. 253, no. 5016, p. 146-152, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.253.5016.146.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"146","endPage":"152","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224454,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"253","issue":"5016","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa9eee4b0c8380cd8605a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Masters, C.D.","contributorId":96664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masters","given":"C.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Root, D. H.","contributorId":74019,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Root","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Attanasi, E. D. 0000-0001-6845-7160","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6845-7160","contributorId":107672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Attanasi","given":"E.","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70210579,"text":"70210579 - 1991 - Seismic reflection/refraction mapping of faulting and regional dips in the eastern Alaska Range","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-10T17:31:09.888198","indexId":"70210579","displayToPublicDate":"1991-06-10T12:22:37","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seismic reflection/refraction mapping of faulting and regional dips in the eastern Alaska Range","docAbstract":"<p><span>We present the results of a Trans‐Alaska Crustal Transect (TACT) investigation of the upper 2–5 km of the eastern Alaska Range in the vicinity of the Denali fault based on seismic reflection/refraction data, laboratory measurements of rock velocities, and structural mapping. The Denali fault is a major dextral slip structure mappable for more than 2000 km separating the Wrangellia and adjacent terranes to the south from the Yukon‐Tanana and adjacent terranes to the north. Geologic mapping suggests over 400 km of dextral slip has occurred on the fault, yet within the upper 1.5 km of the crust along the TACT corridor, basement rocks juxtaposed along the Denali fault reveal no significant seismic velocity differences, although the fault zone itself is associated with a minor lowering of velocity. The lack of seismic velocity contrast adjacent to the fault is in agreement with laboratory measurements of elastic wave velocities of samples from terranes bordering the fault. Laboratory measurements of elastic wave velocities of the metasedimentary mica‐quartz schists comprising the Yukon‐Tanana basement are highly anisotropic because of preferred orientation of mica and predict significant variations in velocity accompanying variations in foliation dip. Although other interpretations are possible, the northward shallowing of foliation dip of basement rocks in the Yukon‐Tanana terrane combined with the strong anisotropy associated with these highly foliated rocks can explain an observed northward increase in seismic velocity within this terrane. Seismic reflections from basement rocks within the Yukon‐Tanana terrane may originate from variations in anisotropy with depth and/or changes in composition reflecting different proportions of sandstone and shale in the protolith.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/91JB00905","usgsCitation":"Brocher, T.M., Nokleberg, W.J., Christensen, N., Lutter, W.J., Geist, E.L., and Fisher, M.A., 1991, Seismic reflection/refraction mapping of faulting and regional dips in the eastern Alaska Range: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 96, no. B6, p. 10233-10249, https://doi.org/10.1029/91JB00905.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"10233","endPage":"10249","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":375496,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Eastern Alaska Range","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -152.490234375,\n              59.17592824927136\n            ],\n            [\n              -137.900390625,\n              59.17592824927136\n            ],\n            [\n              -137.900390625,\n              63.074865690586634\n            ],\n            [\n              -152.490234375,\n              63.074865690586634\n            ],\n            [\n              -152.490234375,\n              59.17592824927136\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"96","issue":"B6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brocher, Thomas M. 0000-0002-9740-839X brocher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9740-839X","contributorId":262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brocher","given":"Thomas","email":"brocher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":790662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nokleberg, Warren J. 0000-0002-1574-8869 wnokleberg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1574-8869","contributorId":2077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nokleberg","given":"Warren","email":"wnokleberg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":790663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Christensen, N.I.","contributorId":28016,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christensen","given":"N.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":790664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lutter, William J.","contributorId":74366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lutter","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":790665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Geist, Eric L. 0000-0003-0611-1150 egeist@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0611-1150","contributorId":1956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geist","given":"Eric","email":"egeist@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":790666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Fisher, M. A.","contributorId":69972,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":790667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70185488,"text":"70185488 - 1991 - Neotectonic effects on sinuosity and channel migration, Belle Fourche River, Western South Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-07T16:12:16","indexId":"70185488","displayToPublicDate":"1991-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1425,"text":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Neotectonic effects on sinuosity and channel migration, Belle Fourche River, Western South Dakota","docAbstract":"<p><span>Short-term instability in the behaviour of a small, meandering alluvial channel is identified from the relation between sinuosity and either floodplain slope or channel slope within 17 reaches along an 81-kilometre section of the Belle Fourche River in western South Dakota. In reaches 1 to 4 and 11 to 17 the channel is relatively stable and sinuosity varies inversely with channel slope. In reaches 5 to 10, sinuosity is positively related to floodplain slope. Sinuosity increases markedly in reaches 5, 6, and 7 (which are immediately downstream from a discontinuity in the long profile of the floodplain) in association with an increase in floodplain slope. Immediately upstream from the discontinuity, bankfull channel depth and sinuosity decrease and the area of the floodplain reworked by meander migration between 1939 and 1981 increases, in association with a decrease in floodplain slope. Channel behaviour in reaches 5 to 10 is best explained as a consequence of neotectonic activity, as indicated by changes in elevation recorded along geodetic survey lines that cross lineaments that may delimit the eastern boundary of the Black Hills uplift. Sinuosity acts as a barometer of the effects of neotectonic activity on alluvial channels. Initial indications of channel and floodplain instability due to neotectonic activity may be derived from evidence of anomalously active channel migration, as documented from photographic or topographic sources.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/esp.3290160304","usgsCitation":"Gomez, B., and Marron, D.C., 1991, Neotectonic effects on sinuosity and channel migration, Belle Fourche River, Western South Dakota: Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, v. 16, no. 3, p. 227-235, https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.3290160304.","productDescription":"8 p. ","startPage":"227","endPage":"235","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338084,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Belle Fourche River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -103.34564208984375,\n              44.620287898534244\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.32298278808594,\n              44.61637785698343\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.21517944335938,\n              44.5435052132082\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.11012268066405,\n              44.4190688110522\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.02978515625,\n              44.38865427337759\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.01193237304688,\n              44.422011314236634\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.05587768554686,\n              44.476910857223224\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.15887451171875,\n              44.61784415342067\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.260498046875,\n              44.65839700490685\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.37860107421875,\n              44.66865287227321\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.52073669433594,\n              44.68476556953855\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.623046875,\n              44.681348099056066\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.71231079101562,\n              44.687694669498015\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.78578186035156,\n              44.70868221820806\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.79814147949219,\n              44.69111176558736\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.77342224121092,\n              44.66767620116954\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.70750427246094,\n              44.64423115768092\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.63334655761719,\n              44.63445959194018\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.34564208984375,\n              44.620287898534244\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-07-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d38d61e4b0236b68f98f80","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gomez, Basil","contributorId":65475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gomez","given":"Basil","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Marron, Donna C.","contributorId":6900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marron","given":"Donna","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70210206,"text":"70210206 - 1991 - Basin and range crustal and upper mantle structure, northwest to central Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-20T14:33:31.39634","indexId":"70210206","displayToPublicDate":"1991-04-10T09:27:04","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Basin and range crustal and upper mantle structure, northwest to central Nevada","docAbstract":"<div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p>We present an interpretation of the crustal and uppermost mantle structure of the Basin and Range of northwestern Nevada based on seismic refraction/wide‐angle reflection, near‐vertical reflection, and gravity data. In comparison to most previous estimates, we find that the crust is somewhat thicker (32–36 km versus 22–30 km), and the uppermost mantle velocity is somewhat higher (8.0 km/s versus 7.3–7.9 km/s). Along our transects, the crust is thinnest (32 km) in the Carson Sink‐Buena Vista Valley region and increases by 2–4 km to the west and east, respectively. There is considerable complexity throughout the crust where velocities range from of 2.5 km/s at the surface to 7.4 km/s in the lowermost crust. Variations in velocity and structure of the upper crustal layers reveal apparent basement velocity depressions (areas of lower velocities extending up to 10 km in depth) that underlie some surface ranges as well as the basins. The middle crust rises from about 20 km beneath central Nevada to within 12 km of the surface beneath the area of thinnest crust and is characterized by a modest (∼0.1 km/s) change in velocity and low‐velocity gradients. These midcrustal layers mark the onset of high crustal reflectivity and the apparent limiting depth to which Basin and Range faults can be traced in near‐vertical reflection profiles, suggesting that these midcrustal layers represent the transition between the brittle and ductile zones of the crust. The lower crust is more structurally complex, with layers thickening and thinning in a systematic manner with the upper crustal layers; generally, where there are velocity depressions in the upper crust, the lower crust is thickest and shallowest. The geometry of these lower crustal layers (derived from refraction modeling) coincides with changes in the crustal reflectivity, determined from the Consortium of Continental Reflection Profiling reflection data. The lower crustal layer is unusually high in velocity (7.4 km/s) and is likely the layer identified as mantle in some previous studies. We do not identify the 7.4 km/s layer as mantle because (1) there is an underlying layer with a velocity (8.0 km/s) that is more consistent with the worldwide average velocity for the upper mantle, and (2) the 7.4 km/s layer does not correspond to the “reflection” Moho. Gravity modeling and comparison to existing seismic models show a general consensus in many aspects with respect to crustal structure. This new model forms the basis for speculation on some of the processes associated with rifting of the Basin and Range Province. One such process, lithospheric magmatism, is inferred from the strong attenuation of transmitted seismic waves, which occurs at the same interface at which high‐amplitude, bright spot reflections originate. Unlike previous models, the overall structure and velocity of the crust and uppermost mantle of our new model are similar to other regions worldwide which have undergone high degrees of extension.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/91JB00194","usgsCitation":"Catchings, R.D., and Mooney, W.D., 1991, Basin and range crustal and upper mantle structure, northwest to central Nevada: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 96, no. 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,{"id":70209351,"text":"70209351 - 1991 - U–Pb geochronology of Late Cretaceous and early Tertiary plutons in the northern Coast Mountains batholith","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-04-01T13:57:37","indexId":"70209351","displayToPublicDate":"1991-04-01T13:49:11","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1168,"text":"Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"U–Pb geochronology of Late Cretaceous and early Tertiary plutons in the northern Coast Mountains batholith","docAbstract":"<p><span>U–Pb geochronologic studies demonstrate that steeply dipping, sheetlike tonalitic plutons along the western margin of the northern Coast Mountains batholith were emplaced between ~83 and ~57 (perhaps ~55) Ma. Less elongate tonalitic–granodioritic bodies in central portions of the batholith yield ages of 59–58 Ma, coeval with younger phases of the tonalitic sheets. Large granite–granodiorite bodies in central and eastern portions of the batholith were emplaced at 51–48 Ma. Trends in ages suggest that the tonalitic bodies generally become younger southeastward and that, at the latitude of Juneau, plutonism migrated northeastward across the batholith at ~0.9 km/Ma. Variations in the age, shape, location, and degree of fabric development among the various plutons indicate that Late Cretaceous – Paleocene tonalitic bodies were emplaced into a steeply dipping, dip-slip shear zone that was active along the western margin of the batholith. Postkinematic Eocene plutons were emplaced at shallow crustal levels. Inherited zircon components in these plutons range in age from mid-Paleozoic to Early Proterozoic and are coeval with detrital zircons in adjacent metasedimentary rocks. These old zircons, combined with evolved Nd isotopic signatures for most plutons, record assimilation of continental crustal or supracrustal rocks during the generation and (or) ascent of the plutons.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/e91-082","usgsCitation":"Gehrels, G., McClelland, W.C., Sampson, S., Jonathan, P.P., and Brew, D.A., 1991, U–Pb geochronology of Late Cretaceous and early Tertiary plutons in the northern Coast Mountains batholith: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 28, no. 6, p. 899-911, https://doi.org/10.1139/e91-082.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"899","endPage":"911","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":373718,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Northern Coast Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -135.087890625,\n              59.5343180010956\n            ],\n            [\n              -138.076171875,\n              58.53959476664049\n            ],\n            [\n              -133.2421875,\n              54.16243396806779\n            ],\n            [\n              -129.814453125,\n              55.27911529201561\n            ],\n            [\n              -135.087890625,\n              59.5343180010956\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"28","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gehrels, G.E.","contributorId":211571,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gehrels","given":"G.E.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7042,"text":"University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":786249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McClelland, W. C.","contributorId":147243,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McClelland","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":6768,"text":"University of Iowa","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":786250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sampson, S.D.","contributorId":20144,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sampson","given":"S.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":786251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jonathan, Patchett P.","contributorId":85323,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jonathan","given":"Patchett","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":786252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brew, David A. dbrew@usgs.gov","contributorId":3244,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brew","given":"David","email":"dbrew@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":786253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":5222575,"text":"5222575 - 1991 - Population trends from the American woodcock singing-ground survey, 1970-88","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-11-29T17:29:53.660849","indexId":"5222575","displayToPublicDate":"1991-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Population trends from the American woodcock singing-ground survey, 1970-88","docAbstract":"<p>Population trend analysis of American woodcook (<i>Scolopax minor</i>) using data from a singing-ground survey indicates population declines throughout the breeding range of the species between 1970 and 1988. In the eastern United States and Canada, this decline has been quite consistent throughout the period, but in the central portion of the continent the population increased during the 1970's and declined during the early 1980's. Observers differ in their ability to hear woodcock, and we document observer differences in the singing-ground survey data and incorporate them into our analyses. Habitat changes have been suggested as the most likely cause of declines in woodcock populations.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3809154","usgsCitation":"Sauer, J., and Bortner, J.B., 1991, Population trends from the American woodcock singing-ground survey, 1970-88: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 55, no. 2, p. 300-312, https://doi.org/10.2307/3809154.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"300","endPage":"312","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199539,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -96.0967375093654,\n              49.09595677704732\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.0967375093654,\n              35.435945782001156\n            ],\n            [\n              -61.30126610548075,\n              35.435945782001156\n            ],\n            [\n              -61.30126610548075,\n              49.09595677704732\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.0967375093654,\n              49.09595677704732\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"55","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad6e4b07f02db683db8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sauer, John R. jrsauer@usgs.gov","contributorId":3737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauer","given":"John R.","email":"jrsauer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":336553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bortner, James B.","contributorId":83381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bortner","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":336554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5222674,"text":"5222674 - 1991 - Home range and movements of juvenile Puerto Rican parrots","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-11-29T17:52:02.345528","indexId":"5222674","displayToPublicDate":"1991-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Home range and movements of juvenile Puerto Rican parrots","docAbstract":"<p>We studied home range and movements of 15 radio-marked, juvenile Puerto Rican parrots (<i>Amazona vittata</i>) fledging from wild nests during summer and fall, 1985-87. When juvenile parrots remained in the nest valley, home ranges during 1986 (<i><span>x̄</span></i> = 32 <span class=\"l_ecrd_txt_pln\">± </span>10 [SE] ha, <i>n</i> = 4) were larger (<i>P</i> = 0.0079) than during 1987 (<span><i>x̄</i></span> = 13 <span class=\"l_ecrd_txt_pln\">± </span>6 ha, n = 5). After radio-marked parrots integrated into adult flocks, home ranges during 1986 (<i><span>x̄ </span></i>= 1,075 <span class=\"l_ecrd_txt_pln\">± </span>135 ha, n = 3) were similar (<i>P</i> = 0.10) to 1987 (<i><span>x̄</span></i> = 416 <span class=\"l_ecrd_txt_pln\">± </span>62 ha, n = 2). Juvenile parrots restricted their movements to nest valleys an average of 58 <span class=\"l_ecrd_txt_pln\">± </span>29 days following fledging. After joining adult flocks, juvenile parrots routinely flew between the east and west slopes of the Luquillo Mountains but did not exhibit a seasonal pattern of movement. We recommend that captive-raised, juvenile parrots used in release programs be <span>≥</span>5 months old to ensure they are mature enough to integrate into wild flocks.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3809157","usgsCitation":"Lindsey, G.D., Arendt, W.J., Kalina, J., and Pendleton, G.W., 1991, Home range and movements of juvenile Puerto Rican parrots: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 55, no. 2, p. 318-322, https://doi.org/10.2307/3809157.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"318","endPage":"322","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194190,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Luquillo Mountains, Puerto Rico","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -65.8449580355314,\n              18.386269369467428\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.8449580355314,\n              18.255457908349925\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.70184549884009,\n              18.255457908349925\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.70184549884009,\n              18.386269369467428\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.8449580355314,\n              18.386269369467428\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"55","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a54e4b07f02db62bf10","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lindsey, Gerald D.","contributorId":102534,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindsey","given":"Gerald","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":336813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Arendt, Wayne J.","contributorId":176182,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arendt","given":"Wayne","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":336812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kalina, Jan","contributorId":63898,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kalina","given":"Jan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":336811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pendleton, Grey W.","contributorId":191446,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pendleton","given":"Grey","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":336810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70016558,"text":"70016558 - 1991 - Possible solar noble-gas component in Hawaiian basalts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-29T17:38:45.595073","indexId":"70016558","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Possible solar noble-gas component in Hawaiian basalts","docAbstract":"<p><span>The noble-gas elemental and isotopic composition in the Earth is significantly different from that of the present atmosphere, and provides an important clue to the origin and history of the Earth and its atmosphere. Possible candidates for the noble-gas composition of the primordial Earth include a solar-like component, a planetary-like component (as observed in primitive meteorites) and a component similar in composition to the present atmosphere. In an attempt to identify the contributions of such components, we have measured isotope ratios of helium and neon in fresh basaltic glasses dredged from Loihi seamount and the East Rift Zone of Kilauea</span><sup>1–3</sup><span>. We find a systematic enrichment in&nbsp;</span><sup>20</sup><span>Ne and&nbsp;</span><sup>21</sup><span>Ne relative to&nbsp;</span><sup>22</sup><span>Ne, compared with atmospheric neon. The helium and neon isotope signatures observed in our samples can be explained by mixing of solar, present atmospheric, radiogenic and nucleogenic components. These data suggest that the noble-gas isotopic composition of the mantle source of the Hawaiian plume is different from that of the present atmosphere, and that it includes a significant solar-like component. We infer that this component was acquired during the formation of the Earth.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1038/349149a0","issn":"00280836","usgsCitation":"Honda, M., McDougall, I., Patterson, D., Doulgeris, A., and Clague, D., 1991, Possible solar noble-gas component in Hawaiian basalts: Nature, v. 349, no. 6305, p. 149-151, https://doi.org/10.1038/349149a0.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"149","endPage":"151","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222813,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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A.","contributorId":78093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doulgeris","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Clague, D.A.","contributorId":36129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clague","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70138488,"text":"70138488 - 1991 - The neotectonic setting of Puerto Rico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-30T18:52:43","indexId":"70138488","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T13:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The neotectonic setting of Puerto Rico","docAbstract":"<p><span>The island of Puerto Rico, in the northeast Caribbean, lies within a broad deformation zone between the Caribbean and North American plates. The simplest model for the tectonic setting of Puerto Rico has major strike-slip movement on nearly east-west lines in the vicinity of the Puerto Rico Trench coupled to a small counterclockwise rotation of a Puerto Rico block within the broader plate boundary zone. This simple model is attractive because it predicts the tectonic regime south of Puerto Rico, and provides an explanation for a possible component of extension across the Puerto Rico Trench west of 65.5&deg;W. GLORIA long-range sidescan sonar data and seismic reflection profiles have been used to test this model by mapping the major tectonic features across the plate boundary north and south of Puerto Rico. To the north, the new data help to resolve between conflicting models, of underthrusting or strike-slip motion at the Puerto Rico Trench. No direct evidence of compression is seen, although evidence for normal and strike-slip movement is abundant. This, combined with regional considerations, leads us to conclude that the main east-west-trending part of the Puerto Rico Trench between 65.5&deg;W and 68&deg;W lies within a strike-slip regime, although oblique convergence occurs both to the east and west where the plate boundary trends east-southeast. To the south of Puerto Rico, underthrusting of the Caribbean plate beneath the island decreases from west to east, and it is ultimately replaced by extension in the Virgin Islands Basin east of 65&deg;W.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1991)103<0144:TNSOPR>2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Masson, D., and Scanlon, K.M., 1991, The neotectonic setting of Puerto Rico: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 103, no. 1, p. 144-154, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1991)103<0144:TNSOPR>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"144","endPage":"154","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297342,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Puerto Rico","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -67.587890625,\n              17.43451055152291\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.2587890625,\n              17.43451055152291\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.2587890625,\n              19.02057711096681\n            ],\n            [\n              -67.587890625,\n              19.02057711096681\n            ],\n            [\n              -67.587890625,\n              17.43451055152291\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"103","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2c6de4b08de9379b37dd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Masson, D.G.","contributorId":44160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masson","given":"D.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":538731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scanlon, Kathryn M.","contributorId":6816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scanlon","given":"Kathryn","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":538732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70074736,"text":"70074736 - 1991 - Electromagnetic terrain conductive and ground penetrating radar investigation at and near the Ciba-Geigy Superfund site, Ocean County, New Jersey: quality control assurance plan and results","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-03T13:03:47","indexId":"70074736","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T11:59:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"title":"Electromagnetic terrain conductive and ground penetrating radar investigation at and near the Ciba-Geigy Superfund site, Ocean County, New Jersey: quality control assurance plan and results","docAbstract":"Ground water is the principal source of drinking water in the\nvicinity of the Ciba-Geigy Superfund site near Toms River, Ocean County,\nNew Jersey. The presence of earlier identified point sources of\norganic-compound and, to a lesser extent, metals contamination dt the\nCiba-Geigy Toms River Chemical Company Plant has resulted-in severe\ndegradation of ground-water quality and has increased the potentiil for\nwater-supply problems (NUS Corporation, 1988). The point sources of\ncontamination include a manufacturing area, a backfilled-lagoons area, a\nformer fire-prevention training area, several sludge-disposal areas, and\na drum-disposal area. A borrow area also is considered a potential\nsource of contamination (Camp Dresser 6 McKee, Inc., 1989).\nThe U.S. Environmental Protection Agency requested that the U.S.\nGeological Survey evaluate the hydrogeologic conditions in the Kirkwood-\nCohansey aquifer system (Zapecza, 1989) and the extent of ground-water\ncontamination on the property of the plant (which includes the Superfund\nsite) and in Winding River Park, which borders the Toms River\nimmediately to the east of the Superfund site (Barton, 1989). This\ninvestigation included an electromagnetic-induction survey covering\n45 line miles throughout the site and a ground-penetrating-radar survey\nin part of the borrow area.\nThe quality assurance/quality control plan (QA/QC) for the\nelectromagnetic-induction survey established guidelines for performance,\nsystem audits, and data validation, and set control limits for\ninstrument and procedural precision. The QA/QC plan for the groundpenetrating-\nradar survey sets guidelines for performance and system\naudits.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems","conferenceTitle":"4th EEGS Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems","conferenceDate":"1991-03-01T00:00:00","conferenceLocation":"Knoxville, TN","language":"English","publisher":"Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society","publisherLocation":"Golden, CO","usgsCitation":"Barton, G., and Ivahnenko, T., 1991, Electromagnetic terrain conductive and ground penetrating radar investigation at and near the Ciba-Geigy Superfund site, Ocean County, New Jersey: quality control assurance plan and results, p. 357-359.","productDescription":"p. 357-359","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":281889,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","county":"Ocean County","otherGeospatial":"Ciby-geigy Superfund Site","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -74.553105,39.475198 ], [ -74.553105,40.172355 ], [ -73.965414,40.172355 ], [ -73.965414,39.475198 ], [ -74.553105,39.475198 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd574ee4b0b290850f7670","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barton, Gary J. gbarton@usgs.gov","contributorId":1147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barton","given":"Gary J.","email":"gbarton@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ivahnenko, Tamara 0000-0002-1124-7688 ivahnenk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1124-7688","contributorId":93524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ivahnenko","given":"Tamara","email":"ivahnenk@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70138473,"text":"70138473 - 1991 - Late Quaternary stratigraphy and depositional history of the Long Island Sound basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-06T13:22:42","indexId":"70138473","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T11:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2220,"text":"Journal of Coastal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late Quaternary stratigraphy and depositional history of the Long Island Sound basin","docAbstract":"<p>The stratigraphy of Late Quaternary geologic units beneath Long Island Sound (LIS) is interpreted from 3,500 km of high-resolution, seismic-reflection profiles supplemented by vibracore data. Knowledge gained from onshore regional geologic studies and previous offshore investigations is also incorporated in these interpretations.</p>\n<p>Glacial deposits overlie and nearly fill an Inner Lowland which is floored by crystalline rocks in the north and bounded to the south by an irregular, north-facing cuesta scarp in Cretaceous Coastal-Plain strata. The thick glacial section consists largely of sediment that was deposited in glacial Lake Connecticut during the retreat of the last (late Wisconsin) ice sheet.</p>\n<p>Ice-marginal lacustrine fan deposits and submerged extensions of the southeastern Connecticut recessional moraines mark positions of the ice margin during systematic northward retreat. When the ice margin stood at positions just north of the present shoreline of Connecticut (17.6-16.5 ka), glacial Lake Connecticut was slightly larger than Long Island Sound is today. Ice-marginal deltas and near-ice marginal fluviodeltaic deposits occur along coastal Connecticut. Delta-building was diachronous; progressively younger deltas record northwesterly retreat of the ice margin and lowering lake levels. Distally from the deltas, varied lake-clays (up to 150 m thick) drape the underlying topography.</p>\n<p>The lake spillway cut across the Harbor Hill-Roanoke Point-Fishers Island-Charlestown end moraine at its lowest point just west of Fishers Island (The Race). Lake levels fell as the spillway notch was erosionally deepened, and gradually the lakebed became subaerially exposed. A largely preserved channel system cuts the lake-deposit surface; fluvial channel-fill sediments are overlain by estuarine sediments in the channel system. Perhaps as early as 15 ka, but no later than 13 ka, the sea entered the Basin through the channel at The Race and quickly transgressed westward via the lakebed channel system. As the sea rose further and spread throughout the Basin, a wave-cut surface was formed. Extensive marine deltaic deposits, up to 40 m thick, overlie the wave-cut marine unconformity in the east-central part of the Basin. These sediments were derived from erosion of the drained bed of Lake Hitchcock, in the Connecticut valley to the north, and were deposited in a -40-m relative sea at about 12.4 ka.</p>\n<p>Where quiet waters prevail, marine mud generally less than 15 m thick blankets the older deposits of the Basin. Elsewhere, especially in eastern LIS, tidal currents are actively reworking and transporting glacial and postglacial deposits.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Coastal Education & Research Foundation","publisherLocation":"Fort Lauderdale, FL","usgsCitation":"Lewis, R., and Stone, J.R., 1991, Late Quaternary stratigraphy and depositional history of the Long Island Sound basin: Journal of Coastal Research, v. 11, p. 1-23.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"23","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297333,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":297332,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/25735570"}],"country":"United States","state":"Connecticut, New York","otherGeospatial":"Long Island Sound","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -73.93798828125,\n              40.63896734381723\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.8670654296875,\n               40.63896734381723\n            ],\n            [\n               -71.8670654296875,\n              41.32320110223851\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.93798828125,\n              41.32320110223851\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.93798828125,\n              40.63896734381723\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2be0e4b08de9379b353d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lewis, Ralph S.","contributorId":9288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis","given":"Ralph S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":538708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stone, Janet Radway jrstone@usgs.gov","contributorId":1695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"Janet","email":"jrstone@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Radway","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70138474,"text":"70138474 - 1991 - High-energy carbonate-sand accumulation, the Quicksands, southwest Florida Keys","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-16T11:03:32.56789","indexId":"70138474","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2451,"text":"Journal of Sedimentary Research","onlineIssn":"1938-3681","printIssn":"1527-1404","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"High-energy carbonate-sand accumulation, the Quicksands, southwest Florida Keys","docAbstract":"<div><div id=\"12460120\" class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \" data-section-parent-id=\"0\"><p>High-resolution seismic-reflection profiles of the Quicksands, located along a broad ridge on the platform shelf west of Key West, Florida, indicate a significant deposit of non-oolitic carbonate sand occurs in a belt 47 km long by 28 km wide. The surface of the belt is ornamented by large (5 m), migrating tidal bars, oriented in a north-south direction, on which sand waves, oriented in an east-west direction, are superimposed. Some of the sand waves are awash at low tide. The sand waves are formed by strong reversing tidal currents flowing between the Gulf of Mexico and the Straits of Florida. The waves migrate directly over Pleistocene bedrock to the east, but the deposit thickens to the west and sand waves there overlie non-oolitic Holocene accumulations as thick as 12 m. Westward-dipping accretionary bedding indicates that net migration of the sands is to the west, despite north-south movement of tidal currents. The westward edge of the accumulation has accreted over deeper, muddier deposits. Although tidal currents and resultant bedforms appear identical to those of active ooid deposits in the Bahamas and elsewhere, no oolitically coated grains were found in this study. Thin-section analyses show the principal component (average 48%) of the sands is fragmented plates of species of the green alga Halimeda , followed by particulate coral (average 17%), which increases off the flanks of the main sand body. Short vibracores confirm the presence of cross-bedding.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists","doi":"10.1306/D4267654-2B26-11D7-8648000102C1865D","usgsCitation":"Shinn, E., Lidz, B.H., and Holmes, C.W., 1991, High-energy carbonate-sand accumulation, the Quicksands, southwest Florida Keys: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 61, no. 5, p. 861-862, https://doi.org/10.1306/D4267654-2B26-11D7-8648000102C1865D.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"861","endPage":"862","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297335,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Florida Keys","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -81.8206787109375,\n              24.472150437226865\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.826416015625,\n              24.701924833689933\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.2001953125,\n              25.15522939494057\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.1123046875,\n              25.502784548755354\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.3045654296875,\n              25.393660521998022\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.518798828125,\n              25.105497373014686\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.82092285156249,\n              24.906367237907997\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.474609375,\n              24.80169495167004\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.8096923828125,\n              24.661994379101575\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.034912109375,\n              24.552119771544227\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.8206787109375,\n              24.472150437226865\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"61","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2bc1e4b08de9379b34b0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shinn, Eugene A.","contributorId":86708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shinn","given":"Eugene A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":538710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lidz, Barbara H. blidz@usgs.gov","contributorId":2475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lidz","given":"Barbara","email":"blidz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":538711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Holmes, Charles W.","contributorId":31071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holmes","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":538712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70186933,"text":"70186933 - 1991 - Effect of anisotropy on ground-water dis­ charge to streams in fractured Mesozoic-basin rocks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-14T14:38:09","indexId":"70186933","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Effect of anisotropy on ground-water dis­ charge to streams in fractured Mesozoic-basin rocks","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available&nbsp;</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Aquifers of the southern and eastern states","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Lewis, J., 1991, Effect of anisotropy on ground-water dis­ charge to streams in fractured Mesozoic-basin rocks, chap. <i>of</i> Aquifers of the southern and eastern states, p. 93-105.","productDescription":"13 p. ","startPage":"93","endPage":"105","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":339746,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58f1e0cee4b08144348b7e98","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lewis, J. C.","contributorId":10057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis","given":"J. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":691068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70168540,"text":"70168540 - 1991 - Mid-continent earthquake zones; lessons from New Madrid, Missouri","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-23T15:24:34","indexId":"70168540","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1437,"text":"Earthquakes & Volcanoes (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mid-continent earthquake zones; lessons from New Madrid, Missouri","docAbstract":"<p>Many seismically active regions occur throughout the world as concentrated zones surrounded by the relatively stable crust of shields or platforms. Examples occur in central and eastern North America, northeastern Brazil, Australia, Norway, Svalbard, Greenland, and other places. Some of these zones, such as those at New Madrid, Missouri, and in the St. Lawrence Valley on the Canadian border, extend over relatively large areas and are marked by a high level of seismicity. Others, such as that near Anna Ohio, are smaller, and the level of activity is lower. Some zones are occasinoally sites for major earthquakes which, if they are in populated regions, can cause widespread destrucion and loss of life.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Mitchell, B.J., 1991, Mid-continent earthquake zones; lessons from New Madrid, Missouri: Earthquakes & Volcanoes (USGS), v. 22, no. 3, p. 120-123.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"120","endPage":"123","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":318143,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","otherGeospatial":"New Madrid","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -89.58526611328125,\n              36.6254475139069\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.43832397460938,\n              36.640875904982344\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.43008422851562,\n              36.49749349301181\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.57290649414062,\n              36.49418152677429\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.59625244140625,\n              36.62434536776987\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.58526611328125,\n              36.6254475139069\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"22","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56c6f942e4b0946c6524073e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mitchell, B. J.","contributorId":167029,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mitchell","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70016934,"text":"70016934 - 1991 - Wasatch fault zone, Utah - segmentation and history of Holocene earthquakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:50","indexId":"70016934","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2468,"text":"Journal of Structural Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Wasatch fault zone, Utah - segmentation and history of Holocene earthquakes","docAbstract":"The Wasatch fault zone (WFZ) forms the eastern boundary of the Basin and Range province and is the longest continuous, active normal fault (343 km) in the United States. It underlies an urban corridor of 1.6 million people (80% of Utah's population) representing the largest earthquake risk in the interior of the western United States. The authors have used paleoseismological data to identify 10 discrete segments of the WFZ. Five are active, medial segments with Holocene slip rates of 1-2 mm a-1, recurrence intervals of 2000-4000 years and average lengths of about 50 km. Five are less active, distal segments with mostly pre-Holocene surface ruptures, late Quaternary slip rates of <0.5 mm a-1, recurrence intervals of ???10,000 years and average lengths of about 20 km. Surface-faulting events on each of the medial segments of the WFZ formed 2-4-m-high scarps repeatedly during the Holocene. Paleoseismological records for the past 6000 years indicate that a major surface-rupturing earthquake has occurred along one of the medial segments about every 395 ?? 60 years. However, between about 400 and 1500 years ago, the WFZ experienced six major surface-rupturing events, an average of one event every 220 years, or about twice as often as expected from the 6000-year record. Evidence has been found that surface-rupturing events occurred on the WFZ during the past 400 years, a time period which is twice the average intracluster recurrence interval and equal to the average Holocene recurrence interval.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Structural Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/0191-8141(91)90063-O","issn":"01918141","usgsCitation":"Machette, M., Personius, S.F., Nelson, A.R., Schwartz, D.P., and Lund, W., 1991, Wasatch fault zone, Utah - segmentation and history of Holocene earthquakes: Journal of Structural Geology, v. 13, no. 2, p. 151-164, https://doi.org/10.1016/0191-8141(91)90063-O.","startPage":"151","endPage":"164","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205582,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0191-8141(91)90063-O"},{"id":224994,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc3e3e4b08c986b32b3d3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Machette, Michael N.","contributorId":28963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Machette","given":"Michael N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Personius, Stephen F. personius@usgs.gov","contributorId":1214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Personius","given":"Stephen","email":"personius@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":374905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nelson, Alan R. 0000-0001-7117-7098 anelson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7117-7098","contributorId":812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Alan","email":"anelson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":374904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schwartz, David P. 0000-0001-5193-9200 dschwartz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5193-9200","contributorId":1940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwartz","given":"David","email":"dschwartz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":374906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lund, William R.","contributorId":48320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lund","given":"William R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70016653,"text":"70016653 - 1991 - Application of uphole data from petroleum seismic surveys to groundwater investigations, Abu Dhabi (United Arab Emirates)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-15T16:17:02.52515","indexId":"70016653","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1761,"text":"Geoexploration","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Application of uphole data from petroleum seismic surveys to groundwater investigations, Abu Dhabi (United Arab Emirates)","docAbstract":"<p id=\"SP0005\">Velocity data from uphole surveys were used to map the water table and the contact at the base dune sand/top alluvium as part of a joint National Drilling Company-United States Geological Survey Ground Water Research Project in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi. During 1981–1983, a reconnaissance seismic survey was conducted for petroleum exploration in the eastern region of Abu Dhabi. Approximately 2800 kilometers of seismic data, consisting of 92 lines, were acquired in the 2500 km<sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>concession area near Al Ain. Uphole surveys were conducted about 2 km apart along each seismic line, and were used to calculate weathering corrections required to further process in the seismic data. Approximately 1300 uphole surveys were completed in the concession area between March 1981 and June 1983.</p><p id=\"SP0010\">Reinterpretation of the velocity profiles derived from the uphole surveys provided data for determining the following subsurface layers, listed in descending order: (1) a surficial, unconsolidated weathering layer with a velocity from 300 to 450 m/s; (2) surficial dune sand, from 750 to 900 m/s; (3) unsaturated, unconsolidated alluvium, from 1000 to 1300 m/s; and (4) saturated, unconsolidated alluvium, from 1900 to 2200 m/s. Two interfaces—the water table and the base dune sand/top alluvium — were identified and mapped from boundaries between these velocity layers.</p><p id=\"SP0015\">Although the regional water table can fluctuate naturally as much as 3 m per year in this area and the water-table determinations from the uphole data span a 27-month period, an extremely consistent and interpretable water-table map was derived from the uphole data throughout the entire concession area. In the northern part of the area, unconfined groundwater moves northward and northwestward toward the Arabian Gulf; and in the central and southern parts of the area, groundwater moves westward away from the Oman Mountains. In the extreme southern area east of Jabal Hafit, groundwater moves southward into Oman. The map of the base dune sand/top alluvium suggests a buried paleodrainage network trending westward to southwestward away from the Oman Mountains. These paleodrainages, now buried by dune sand, probably contain alluvial fill and are logical targets for groundwater exploration.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7142(91)90022-5","usgsCitation":"Woodward, D., and Menges, C., 1991, Application of uphole data from petroleum seismic surveys to groundwater investigations, Abu Dhabi (United Arab Emirates): Geoexploration, v. 27, no. 1-2, p. 193-212, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7142(91)90022-5.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"193","endPage":"212","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224696,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Emirate of Abu Dhabi","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              55.32682386383689,\n              23.259579811742427\n            ],\n            [\n              55.400103111166004,\n              23.38995516275145\n            ],\n            [\n              55.44132268778836,\n              23.385751504225226\n            ],\n            [\n              55.56956137061428,\n              23.620950446918116\n            ],\n            [\n              55.53292174694974,\n              23.767735958015336\n            ],\n            [\n              55.491702170327386,\n              23.943660152143167\n            ],\n            [\n              55.757339441894885,\n              24.0649919026839\n            ],\n            [\n              55.80313897147505,\n              24.0064322398199\n            ],\n            [\n              56.01381680754673,\n              24.073355388987736\n            ],\n            [\n              55.96801727796549,\n              24.211274067127633\n            ],\n            [\n              55.83519864218178,\n              24.207096900942233\n            ],\n            [\n              55.757339441894885,\n              24.23633418804704\n            ],\n            [\n              55.835196374044415,\n              24.340698504433462\n            ],\n            [\n              55.79855675037979,\n              24.48666372391564\n            ],\n            [\n              55.77565698558871,\n              24.56166572782938\n            ],\n            [\n              55.80771665629544,\n              24.624133146190175\n            ],\n            [\n              55.78939684446314,\n              24.65327393418373\n            ],\n            [\n              55.835196374044415,\n              24.68656936414301\n            ],\n            [\n              55.82603646812771,\n              24.79471805920342\n            ],\n            [\n              55.3497213604885,\n              24.83213220937651\n            ],\n            [\n              55.262702254285955,\n              24.094262010568798\n            ],\n            [\n              55.16652324216682,\n              23.30165064334244\n            ],\n            [\n              55.32682386383689,\n              23.259579811742427\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              53.12078805550857,\n              22.87382204623931\n            ],\n            [\n              54.41819426053206,\n              22.727057558523896\n            ],\n            [\n              54.462753218353015,\n              23.44568151771233\n            ],\n            [\n              53.13792510895331,\n              23.451425930801733\n            ],\n            [\n              53.12078805550857,\n              22.87382204623931\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"27","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ecc0e4b0c8380cd49470","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Woodward, D.","contributorId":36701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodward","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Menges, C.M.","contributorId":71200,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Menges","given":"C.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70016447,"text":"70016447 - 1991 - Soil chronosequence studies in temperate to subtropical, low-latitude, low-relief terrain with data from the eastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-27T19:04:39.4049","indexId":"70016447","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1760,"text":"Geoderma","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Soil chronosequence studies in temperate to subtropical, low-latitude, low-relief terrain with data from the eastern United States","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Coastal Plain of the eastern United States is a low-latitude, low-altitude, low-relief terrain composed primarily of gently dipping marine and marginal-marine sediments that range in age from Cretaceous to Quaternary. Population density of the area is moderate, and most of the population is concentrated along the coast. Inland of the coast, agriculture, including growing trees for pulp, is the dominant economy. In this region, soils have developed along two different pathways. One pathway is dominated by the dissolution and movement of oxyhydroxides and the accumulation of organic matter; the other by the accumulation of clays and oxyhydroxyides and the adsorption or oxidation of organic matter. The first pathway has resulted in the formation of Spodosols; the second, in the development of Ultisols. No clearly distinguishable age trends have been identified in the Spodosols, but the properties of Ultisols can be measured to quantify surface material alteration through time. Ultisols are, therefore, suited to order-of-magnitude chronostratigraphic interpretations. Potentially, data derived through the study of Ultisols can be used to develop models that predict how surface processes will change due to continued weathering and pedogenesis or as the result of climate change.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7061(91)90072-2","issn":"00167061","usgsCitation":"Markewich, H.W., and Pavich, M., 1991, Soil chronosequence studies in temperate to subtropical, low-latitude, low-relief terrain with data from the eastern United States: Geoderma, v. 51, no. 1-4, p. 213-239, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7061(91)90072-2.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"213","endPage":"239","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223072,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West 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W.","contributorId":31426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markewich","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pavich, M.J.","contributorId":70788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pavich","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70014972,"text":"70014972 - 1991 - Evolution of a Permo-Triassic sedimentary melange, Grindstone terrane, east-central Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-27T11:57:09.788768","indexId":"70014972","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evolution of a Permo-Triassic sedimentary melange, Grindstone terrane, east-central Oregon","docAbstract":"<p>The Grindstone terrane in east-central Oregon is one of the few areas in western North America where large blocks of unmetamorphosed Devonian, Mississippian, and Permian limestones are inter mixed with Permian and Lower Triassic radiolarian chert and Pennsylvanian?, Permian, and Triassic volcaniclastic rocks. Although originally described as parts of a coherent succession, we interpret the Grindstone rocks to be a sedimentary mélange composed of Paleozoic limestone slide and slump blocks that became detached from a carbonate shelf fringing a volcanic knoll or edifice in Late Permian to Middle Triassic time and were intermixed with Permian and Triassic slope to basinal clastic and volcaniclastic rocks in a forearc basin setting. Paleogeographic affinities of the Grindstone limestone faunas and volcaniclastic debris in the limestone and clastic rocks all indicate deposition in proximity to an island-arc system near the North American craton. The Grindstone terrane deposits are unconformably overlain by Upper Triassic to Middle Jurassic sequences of the Izee terrane. Although lithologic and faunal differences indicate that the Grindstone and Izee terranes together represent a tectonic block separate from the adjacent Baker terrane, all three terranes were juxtaposed by Late Triassic or Early Jurassic time.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1991)103<1280:EOAPTS>2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Blome, C., and Nestell, M., 1991, Evolution of a Permo-Triassic sedimentary melange, Grindstone terrane, east-central Oregon: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 103, no. 10, p. 1280-1296, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1991)103<1280:EOAPTS>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1280","endPage":"1296","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223845,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -116.12329846456441,\n              46.219854158651515\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.23169690206423,\n              46.219854158651515\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.23169690206423,\n              42.80558500045737\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.12329846456441,\n              42.80558500045737\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.12329846456441,\n              46.219854158651515\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"103","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0d7be4b0c8380cd53044","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blome, C.D.","contributorId":60647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blome","given":"C.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nestell, M.K.","contributorId":44296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nestell","given":"M.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70016573,"text":"70016573 - 1991 - Trondhjemitic, 1.35-1.31 Ga gneisses of the Mount Holly Complex of Vermont: evidence for an Elzevirian event in the Grenville Basement of the United States Appalachians","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-21T16:48:32.534194","indexId":"70016573","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1168,"text":"Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trondhjemitic, 1.35-1.31 Ga gneisses of the Mount Holly Complex of Vermont: evidence for an Elzevirian event in the Grenville Basement of the United States Appalachians","docAbstract":"<p><span>A newly recognized suite of trondhjemite–tonalite and dacitic gneiss forms a 10 km wide belt of rocks within the Mount Holly Complex in the central part of the Green Mountain massif of Vermont. Field relationships and chemistry indicate that these gneisses are calc-alkaline, volcanic, and hypabyssal plutonic rocks older than the Middle Proterozoic regional deformation that affected the Mount Holly Complex. U–Pb zircon dates indicate ages as great as 1.35 Ga for crystallization of the volcanic protoliths and for intrusion of crosscutting trondhjemite. Tonalitic plutonism continued until 1.31 Ga.Map-scale contacts between the trondhjemitic–tonalitic–dacitic gneisses and the paragneiss sequence of the Mount Holly Complex are sharp, suggesting that the volcanic rocks of the trondhjemite–tonalite suite underlie the paragneiss units and do not intrude them. These relationships suggest that the trondhjemite–tonalite suite is either considerably older than, and unconformable beneath, the paragneiss cover rocks or represents a volcanic edifice slightly older than the deposition of the sedimentary precursor to the paragneiss units. The paragneiss and tonalite–trondhjemite gneisses are both intruded by younger granitoids that were intruded at about 1.25 Ga during strong dynamothermal metamorphism.The trondhjemitic gneisses of the Mount Holly Complex of Vermont have high Al</span><sub>2</sub><span>O</span><sub>3</sub><span>&nbsp;and low Yb contents and light rare-earth element enrichment patterns that are more characteristic of continental than oceanic volcanic arcs. The Mount Holly intrusives and volcanics may have formed during 1.35–1.31 Ga ensialic volcanic-arc activity, contemporaneous with ensimatic arc activity during the early part of the Elzevirian phase of the Grenville orogeny. In Vermont, later deformation and granite intrusion at about 1.25 Ga coincide with the major pulse of the Elzevirian orogeny and associated trondhjemitic plutonism in the Central Metasedimentary Belt of eastern Canada.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/e91-007","issn":"00084077","usgsCitation":"Ratcliffe, N.M., Aleinikoff, J.N., Burton, W., and Karabinos, P., 1991, Trondhjemitic, 1.35-1.31 Ga gneisses of the Mount Holly Complex of Vermont: evidence for an Elzevirian event in the Grenville Basement of the United States Appalachians: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 28, no. 1, p. 77-93, https://doi.org/10.1139/e91-007.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"77","endPage":"93","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223014,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Vermont","otherGeospatial":"Appalachian Mountains, Green Mountain Massif, Mount Holly Complex","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -73.18804873081775,\n              42.982419440295075\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.84188603089605,\n              42.97826782801144\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.79365024484139,\n              43.28886064626457\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.00361778413804,\n              43.29505641101093\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.18804873081775,\n              42.982419440295075\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"28","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb881e4b08c986b3278c0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ratcliffe, N. M.","contributorId":80691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ratcliffe","given":"N.","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aleinikoff, J. N. 0000-0003-3494-6841","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3494-6841","contributorId":75132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aleinikoff","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burton, W.C.","contributorId":41439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burton","given":"W.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Karabinos, P.","contributorId":72153,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karabinos","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70014903,"text":"70014903 - 1991 - On plate tectonics and the geologic evolution of southwestern North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-03T13:32:22.905282","indexId":"70014903","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2312,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"On plate tectonics and the geologic evolution of southwestern North America","docAbstract":"<div class=\" metis-abstract\"><div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p>Very rapid subduction of the Farallon plate under southwestern North America between 60 and 40 Ma was accompanied by a relatively low volume of magmatism throughout the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. Between 40 and 20 Ma, when subduction slowed significantly and in one area may have even stopped, magmatism became widespread and voluminous from Nevada and Utah to central Mexico. This correlation of rapid subduction with a relatively low volume of magmatism can be explained by the observation that subduction-related andesitic arc volcanism, often formed in a Laramide-style compressional regime, is relatively low volume compared to continental volcanism. The shallow roots of arc volcanic systems are clearly exposed in the porphyry copper deposits found in currently active arcs and common throughout southwestern North America between 60 and 50 Ma. By 43 Ma, worldwide plate motions changed, the Pacific plate began moving away from North America, and subduction of the Farallon plate slowed. By around 36 Ma, the easternmost part of the East Pacific Rise, which was located between the Pioneer and Murray fracture zones, approached the trench and the young, hot, buoyant lithosphere appears to have clogged part of the subduction zone. Uplift on land became widespread. Voluminous continental magmatism formed the Sierra Madre Occidental (SMO) of Mexico, one of the largest batholiths in the world, as well as volcanic centers now exposed in the San Juan Mountains of Colorado and the Rio Grande Rift of New Mexico. Vectors of motion of the Pacific plate relative to the North American plate determined by Stock and Molnar (1988) are consistent with formation of a transtensional environment along the plate boundary sufficient to create a 100- to 200-km-wide void just landward of the old volcanic arc. While the SMO batholith was forming within this void, the Monterey and Arguello microplates just offshore to the west were broken off from the Farallon plate and rotated so that the East Pacific Rise in this immediate area became nearly perpendicular to the trench and perpendicular to the vector of motion of the Pacific plate relative to North America. Formation of the SMO batholith was followed between 24 and 20 Ma by a major increase in the rate of subduction of the Guadalupe plate, a fragment of the former Farallon plate, and by increasing mylonitization, extension, and uplift in the metamorphic core complexes that extend northwestward through southern Arizona from the northern end of the SMO batholith. The plate margin underwent another major change between 12.5 and 10 Ma when subduction again stopped, strike slip faulting became dominant along the coast, the Basin and Range Province opened, and numerous tectonostratigraphic terranes in southern California underwent large rotations. By 3 Ma a large, new terrane had been severed from North America immediately west of the SMO batholith as the Gulf of California opened. These observations can be explained by a model for the weakening and ultimate falling apart of the uppermost part of the subducted oceanic plate in the 20–30 m.y. after the end of rapid subduction. As the plate falls apart, not only is compressional stress relieved, but significant backslip along the old subduction zone is also possible, perhaps bringing blueschists rapidly upward from 20- to 30-km depths.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/91JB00606","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Ward, P., 1991, On plate tectonics and the geologic evolution of southwestern North America: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 96, no. B7, p. 12479-12496, https://doi.org/10.1029/91JB00606.","productDescription":"18p.","startPage":"12479","endPage":"12496","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225408,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"96","issue":"B7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6da3e4b0c8380cd7523f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ward, P.L.","contributorId":31422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"P.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70016856,"text":"70016856 - 1991 - Geology and petrology of Mahukona Volcano, Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-06T00:24:31.072627","indexId":"70016856","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1109,"text":"Bulletin of Volcanology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geology and petrology of Mahukona Volcano, Hawaii","docAbstract":"<div id=\"Abs1-section\" class=\"c-article-section\"><div id=\"Abs1-content\" class=\"c-article-section__content\"><p>The submarine Mahukona Volcano, west of the island of Hawaii, is located on the Loa loci line between Kahoolawe and Hualalai Volcanoes. The west rift zone ridge of the volcano extends across a drowned coral reef at about-1150 m and a major slope break at about-1340 m, both of which represent former shoreines. The summit of the volcano apparently reached to about 250 m above sea level (now at-1100 m depth) did was surmounted by a roughly circular caldera. A econd rift zone probably extended toward the east or sutheast, but is completely covered by younger lavas from the adjacent subaerial volcanoes. Samples were vecovered from nine dredges and four submersible lives. Using subsidence rates and the compositions of flows which drape the dated shoreline terraces, we infer that the voluminous phase of tholeiitic shield growth ended about 470 ka, but tholeiitic eruptions continued until at least 435 ka. Basalt, transitional between tholeiitic and alkalic basalt, erupted at the end of tholeiitic volcanism, but no postshield-alkalic stage volcanism occurred. The summit of the volcano apparently subcided below sea level between 435 and 365 ka. The tholeiitic lavas recovered are compositionally diverse.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF00301227","issn":"02588900","usgsCitation":"Clague, D., and Moore, J.G., 1991, Geology and petrology of Mahukona Volcano, Hawaii: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 53, no. 3, p. 159-172, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00301227.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"159","endPage":"172","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479715,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://zenodo.org/record/1232423","text":"External Repository"},{"id":224612,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Mahukona Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -156.302490234375,\n              19.694314241825747\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.819091796875,\n              19.694314241825747\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.819091796875,\n              20.24158281954221\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.302490234375,\n              20.24158281954221\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.302490234375,\n              19.694314241825747\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"53","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2421e4b0c8380cd57e10","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clague, D.A.","contributorId":36129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clague","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moore, James G. 0000-0002-7543-2401 jmoore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7543-2401","contributorId":2892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"James","email":"jmoore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":374672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70016536,"text":"70016536 - 1991 - Submarine processes of the middle Atlantic continental rise based on GLORIA imagery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-04T13:29:14","indexId":"70016536","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Submarine processes of the middle Atlantic continental rise based on GLORIA imagery","docAbstract":"Approximately 6100 km of 3.5-kHz echo-sounding profiles was correlated with a GLORIA side-scan sonar image of the mid-Atlantic United States (34??N, 70??W) lower slope-upper continental rise. The image allows us to map the major erosional and depositional features and to identify major processes that have shaped the area. Interpretation of GLORIA imagery and echo-sounding profiles indicates that mass movement is the predominant process affecting sediment on the United States east coast mid-Atlantic slope and upper rise and that isobath-parallel sediment movement by geostrophic currents is restricted mainly to the lower continental rise. The mass-movement processes evident on the rise probably were most active during the Pleistocene, when sea level was lower and sediment input more active. -from Authors","largerWorkTitle":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","language":"English","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1991)103<1090:SPOTMA>2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Schlee, J.S., and Robb, J.M., 1991, Submarine processes of the middle Atlantic continental rise based on GLORIA imagery: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 103, no. 8, p. 1090-1103, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1991)103<1090:SPOTMA>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1090","endPage":"1103","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":222804,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -76,\n              34\n            ],\n            [\n              -70,\n              34\n            ],\n            [\n              -70,\n              41\n            ],\n            [\n              -76,\n              41\n            ],\n            [\n              -76,\n              34\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"103","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9d2ee4b08c986b31d6bb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schlee, J. S.","contributorId":68337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schlee","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Robb, James M.","contributorId":73272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robb","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":373836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70016518,"text":"70016518 - 1991 - A northern Cordilleran ocean-continent transect: Sitka Sound, Alaska, to Atlin Lake, British Columbia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-21T17:15:24.648945","indexId":"70016518","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1168,"text":"Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A northern Cordilleran ocean-continent transect: Sitka Sound, Alaska, to Atlin Lake, British Columbia","docAbstract":"<p><span>The 155 km wide, 310 km long Sitka Sound – Atlin Lake continent–ocean transect includes almost all the geologic, geophysical, and geotectonic elements of the Canadian Cordillera. It crosses the Chugach, Wrangellia, Alexander, Stikine, and Cache Creek terranes, the Gravina and Laberge overlap assemblages, intrusive and metamorphic belts, and neotectonic faults that bound major blocks. Linear belts of magnetic highs are associated with Jurassic and Cretaceous granitic belts in Wrangellia and the western and central parts of the Alexander terrane and with the granitic rocks of the Coast plutonic–metamorphic complex (CPMC). The Border Ranges fault may be expressed at depth on either side of the Peril Strait fault. An enigmatic northeast-trending gradient in the CPMC and adjacent rocks separates a regional magnetic low to the northwest from a 300 nT high field to the southeast. The Bouguer gravity field decreases in broad steps from Pacific crust high values to lows at the international boundary, with pronounced gradients at the east edge of Chugach terrane and west edge of of CPMC. It indicates that the crust thickens from about 20 to 40 km from southwest to northeast. Ultramafic bodies in the Chugach, Alexander, and Wrangellia terranes and Gravina assemblage underlie local highs. Most of the accumulated seismic strain is released by large earthquakes on the Fairweather – Queen Charlotte Islands plate-margin fault, but the northern part of the Glacier Bay region, the Denali fault zone, and the Coast Mountains also have significant seismicity. Part of the Glacier Bay region is being uplifted at a high rate. Most of these features are related to the joining of (</span><i>i</i><span>) Wrangellia to Alexander terrane (Carboniferous), (</span><i>ii</i><span>) Stikine to Cache Creek terrane (Early Jurassic), (</span><i>iii</i><span>) Alexander terrane and Gravina assemblage to Stikine (Late Cretaceous), and (</span><i>iv</i><span>) Chugach to Wrangellia and Alexander terrane (Late Cretaceous or Paleogene).</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/e91-077","issn":"00084077","usgsCitation":"Brew, D.A., Karl, S.M., Barnes, D., Jachens, R., Ford, A.B., and Horner, R., 1991, A northern Cordilleran ocean-continent transect: Sitka Sound, Alaska, to Atlin Lake, British Columbia: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 28, no. 6, p. 840-853, https://doi.org/10.1139/e91-077.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"840","endPage":"853","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223523,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alaska, British Columbia","otherGeospatial":"Atlin Lake, Sitka Sound","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -137.5241906864212,\n              57.470765580093484\n            ],\n            [\n              -135.02273584236966,\n              56.73536265956932\n            ],\n            [\n              -132.5284076502953,\n              59.347930175602784\n            ],\n            [\n              -135.1723955338938,\n              59.94202022251474\n            ],\n            [\n              -137.5241906864212,\n              57.470765580093484\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"28","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e4c0e4b0c8380cd468cd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brew, D. A.","contributorId":88344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brew","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Karl, Susan M. 0000-0003-1559-7826 skarl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1559-7826","contributorId":502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karl","given":"Susan","email":"skarl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":373790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barnes, D.F.","contributorId":48960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnes","given":"D.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jachens, R.C.","contributorId":55433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jachens","given":"R.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ford, A. B.","contributorId":44924,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ford","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Horner, R.","contributorId":93000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horner","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70016509,"text":"70016509 - 1991 - Terraces on the Florida escarpment: Implications for erosional processes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-04T14:20:31","indexId":"70016509","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Terraces on the Florida escarpment: Implications for erosional processes","docAbstract":"<p><span>SeaBeam bathymetric data and GLORIA (Geologic LOng-Range Inclined Asdic) sidescan sonar images of a 175-km-long section of the Florida escarpment in the eastern Guff of Mexico show that this carbonate escarpment has been eroded since its initial formation, but its morphology suggests that erosional processes have not acted uniformly on the escarpment. Parts of the escarpment are notched by box canyons that have extremely steep headwalls and may be sites off active ground-water sapping. The intercanyon areas commonly have previously unrecognized terraces below 2600 m. Above 2600 m, the escarpment is steeper and has no terraces. The terraces may reflect differences in platform strata exposed at the escarpment that are responding differently to erosional processes.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0091-7613(1991)019<0897:TOTFEI>2.3.CO;2","issn":"00917613","usgsCitation":"Twichell, D., Paull, C.K., and Parson, L., 1991, Terraces on the Florida escarpment: Implications for erosional processes: Geology, v. 19, no. 9, p. 897-900, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1991)019<0897:TOTFEI>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"897","endPage":"900","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":223427,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -83.968505859375,\n              25.005972656239187\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.47509765625,\n              25.005972656239187\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.47509765625,\n              29.907329376851553\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.968505859375,\n              29.907329376851553\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.968505859375,\n              25.005972656239187\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"19","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba54ee4b08c986b320972","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Twichell, D.C.","contributorId":84304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Twichell","given":"D.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Paull, C. K.","contributorId":86845,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paull","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Parson, L.M.","contributorId":69156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parson","given":"L.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
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