{"pageNumber":"3178","pageRowStart":"79425","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184884,"records":[{"id":70206366,"text":"70206366 - 2000 - Geohydrologic assessment of crystalline bedrock for the New York City water-tunnel project by use of advanced borehole-geophysical methods","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-31T09:34:27","indexId":"70206366","displayToPublicDate":"2002-12-31T09:24:06","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Geohydrologic assessment of crystalline bedrock for the New York City water-tunnel project by use of advanced borehole-geophysical methods","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the seventh international symposium on borehole geophysics for minerals, geotechnical, and groundwater applications","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Seventh International Symposium on Borehole Geophysics for Minerals, Geotechnical, and Groundwater Applications","conferenceDate":"October 24-26, 2000","conferenceLocation":"Golden, CO","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Professional Well Log Analysts","usgsCitation":"Stumm, F., Paillet, F.L., Williams, J., and Lane, J., 2000, Geohydrologic assessment of crystalline bedrock for the New York City water-tunnel project by use of advanced borehole-geophysical methods, in Proceedings of the seventh international symposium on borehole geophysics for minerals, geotechnical, and groundwater applications, Golden, CO, October 24-26, 2000, p. 19-27.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"19","endPage":"27","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":368797,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","city":"New York","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.13436889648438,\n 40.58579947707732\n ],\n [\n -73.66058349609375,\n 40.58579947707732\n ],\n [\n -73.66058349609375,\n 40.95501133048621\n ],\n [\n -74.13436889648438,\n 40.95501133048621\n ],\n [\n -74.13436889648438,\n 40.58579947707732\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stumm, Frederick 0000-0002-5388-8811 fstumm@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5388-8811","contributorId":1077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stumm","given":"Frederick","email":"fstumm@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":774297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Paillet, Frederick L.","contributorId":63820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paillet","given":"Frederick","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":774298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Williams, John H. 0000-0002-6054-6908 jhwillia@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6054-6908","contributorId":1553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"John","email":"jhwillia@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":774299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lane, John W. Jr. 0000-0002-3558-243X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3558-243X","contributorId":210076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lane","given":"John W.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":774300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":30120,"text":"wri004146 - 2000 - Ground-water quality and vulnerability to contamination in selected agricultural areas of southeastern Michigan, northwestern Ohio, and northeastern Indiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-10T12:11:50","indexId":"wri004146","displayToPublicDate":"2002-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000–4146","displayTitle":"Ground-Water Quality and Vulnerability to Contamination in Selected Agricultural Areas of Southeastern Michigan, Northwestern Ohio, and Northeastern Indiana","title":"Ground-water quality and vulnerability to contamination in selected agricultural areas of southeastern Michigan, northwestern Ohio, and northeastern Indiana","docAbstract":"

Ground-water quality was assessed in the northeastern part of the Corn Belt, where tile-drained row crops are underlain by fractured glacial till. Data were collected from 30 shallow monitor wells and 18 co-located domestic wells as part of the U.S. Geological Survey’s National Water- Quality Assessment in the Lake Erie-Lake St. Clair Basin.

Pesticides or pesticide degradates were detected in 41 percent of the monitor wells and 6 percent of the domestic wells. The pesticides detected closely correspond to those most heavily applied—herbicides used on corn and soybeans. Pesticide degradates were detected three times more frequently, and at higher concentrations, than were parent compounds. No pesticide concentration exceeded a USEPA Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL), but MCL’s have not been established for 9 of the 11 compounds detected.

Thirty-seven percent of monitor-well samples had nitrate concentrations indicative of human influences such as fertilizer, manure or septic systems. Nitrate was the only chemical constituent detected at a concentration greater than an MCL. The MCL was exceeded in 7 percent of samples from monitor wells which were too shallow to be used as a source of drinking water.

Pesticide and nitrate concentrations in the study area are low relative to other agricultural areas of the Nation. Several authors have suggested that ground water in parts of the Upper Midwest is minimally contaminated because it is protected by the surficial glacial till or tile drains. These ideas are examined in light of the relations between concentration, well depth, and groundwater age in the study area.

Most of the shallow ground water is hydraulically connected to the land surface, based on the observations that 83 percent of waters from monitor wells were recharged after 1953, and 57 percent contained a pesticide or an elevated nitrate concentration. Fractures or sand-and-gravel stringers within the till are the probable pathways.

In some areas, deeper parts of the groundwater- flow system are also hydraulically connected to the land surface. Almost half the waters from wells 50 to 100 feet deep were recharged after 1953. Anthropogenic constituents were detected in samples from three domestic wells 60 to 121 feet deep, in areas where the till is relatively coarse-grained.

The hydrogeologic system has several geochemical characteristics conducive to transformations or sorption of nitrate or pesticides: (1) the till is clay-rich, has a high organic-carbon content, and contains an abundance of pyrite-rich shale fragments, (2) the ground water has low dissolved- oxygen concentrations, and (3) iron and manganese oxides and oxyhyroxides line the faces of fractures in the unsaturated zone.

Although the aquifer system appears be protected from contamination in some areas, the fact that the surficial till is heterogeneous and of variable thickness suggests that the protection is not uniform. The protection can be breached by fractures or sand-and-gravel stringers, which are apparent in core samples but not noted on domestic-well logs.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri004146","usgsCitation":"Thomas, M.A., 2000, Ground-water quality and vulnerability to contamination in selected agricultural areas of southeastern Michigan, northwestern Ohio, and northeastern Indiana: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2000–4146, Report: iv, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri004146.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 22 p.","numberOfPages":"27","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":2381,"rank":100,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2000/4146/wri20004146.pdf","text":"Report","size":"11.3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRI 2000-4146"},{"id":159475,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2000/4146/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana, Michigan, Ohio","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -85.341796875,\n 40.78054143186033\n ],\n [\n -82.30957031249999,\n 40.78054143186033\n ],\n [\n -82.30957031249999,\n 42.4234565179383\n ],\n [\n -85.341796875,\n 42.4234565179383\n ],\n [\n -85.341796875,\n 40.78054143186033\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"

Director, Ohio Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6460 Busch Blvd.
Columbus, OH 43229-1737

","tableOfContents":"","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db667399","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thomas, Mary Ann mathomas@usgs.gov","contributorId":2536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"Mary","email":"mathomas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Ann","affiliations":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":202714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":29053,"text":"wri004129 - 2000 - Streamflow and water-quality characteristics in the upper Tenmile Creek watershed, Lewis and Clark County, west-central Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:52","indexId":"wri004129","displayToPublicDate":"2002-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-4129","title":"Streamflow and water-quality characteristics in the upper Tenmile Creek watershed, Lewis and Clark County, west-central Montana","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri004129","usgsCitation":"Parrett, C., and Hettinger, P.S., 2000, Streamflow and water-quality characteristics in the upper Tenmile Creek watershed, Lewis and Clark County, west-central Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2000-4129, vi, 71 p. : ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri004129.","productDescription":"vi, 71 p. : ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":95743,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2000/4129/report.pdf","size":"11896","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":159586,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2000/4129/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4e95","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parrett, Charles","contributorId":9635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parrett","given":"Charles","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hettinger, Patricia S.","contributorId":59079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hettinger","given":"Patricia","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":22894,"text":"ofr00370 - 2000 - Water-quality, bed-sediment, and biological data (October 1998 through September 1999) and statistical summaries of data for streams in the upper Clark Fork basin, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-14T21:16:45.502003","indexId":"ofr00370","displayToPublicDate":"2002-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-370","title":"Water-quality, bed-sediment, and biological data (October 1998 through September 1999) and statistical summaries of data for streams in the upper Clark Fork basin, Montana","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr00370","usgsCitation":"Dodge, K.A., Hornberger, M.I., and David, C.P., 2000, Water-quality, bed-sediment, and biological data (October 1998 through September 1999) and statistical summaries of data for streams in the upper Clark Fork basin, Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-370, iv, 102 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr00370.","productDescription":"iv, 102 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":402185,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_34368.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":52300,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0370/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":154443,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0370/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"upper Clark Fork basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.895263671875,\n 46.07323062540835\n ],\n [\n -112.08251953125,\n 46.07323062540835\n ],\n [\n -112.08251953125,\n 47.00273390667881\n ],\n [\n -113.895263671875,\n 47.00273390667881\n ],\n [\n -113.895263671875,\n 46.07323062540835\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5fa429","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dodge, K. A.","contributorId":40615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dodge","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hornberger, Michelle I. 0000-0002-7787-3446","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7787-3446","contributorId":23574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hornberger","given":"Michelle","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"David, C. P. C.","contributorId":76343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"David","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"P. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":24462,"text":"ofr0091 - 2000 - Descriptions of selected digital spatial data for former Air Force Plant 36, Evendale, Ohio","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:09","indexId":"ofr0091","displayToPublicDate":"2002-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-91","title":"Descriptions of selected digital spatial data for former Air Force Plant 36, Evendale, Ohio","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr0091","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Schalk, C.W., 2000, Descriptions of selected digital spatial data for former Air Force Plant 36, Evendale, Ohio: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-91, iii, 39 p. :maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr0091.","productDescription":"iii, 39 p. :maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":156641,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0091/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53530,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0091/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa9e4b07f02db66803d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schalk, Charles W. cwschalk@usgs.gov","contributorId":1726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schalk","given":"Charles","email":"cwschalk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":191973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":29876,"text":"wri004175 - 2000 - Dissolved organic carbon and disinfection by-product precursors in waters of the Chickahominy River basin, Virginia, and implications for public supply","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:59","indexId":"wri004175","displayToPublicDate":"2002-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-4175","title":"Dissolved organic carbon and disinfection by-product precursors in waters of the Chickahominy River basin, Virginia, and implications for public supply","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri004175","usgsCitation":"Speiran, G.K., 2000, Dissolved organic carbon and disinfection by-product precursors in waters of the Chickahominy River basin, Virginia, and implications for public supply: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2000-4175, iii, 60 p. :ill., maps (some col.) ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri004175.","productDescription":"iii, 60 p. :ill., maps (some col.) ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":95801,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2000/4175/report.pdf","size":"5394","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":160137,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2000/4175/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a267","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Speiran, Gary K. 0000-0002-6505-1170 gspeiran@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6505-1170","contributorId":3233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Speiran","given":"Gary","email":"gspeiran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":202285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":26596,"text":"wri004237 - 2000 - Quantification of metal loads by tracer-injection and synoptic-sampling methods in Cataract Creek, Jefferson County, Montana, August 1997","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-27T06:16:49","indexId":"wri004237","displayToPublicDate":"2002-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-4237","title":"Quantification of metal loads by tracer-injection and synoptic-sampling methods in Cataract Creek, Jefferson County, Montana, August 1997","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri004237","usgsCitation":"Cleasby, T., Nimick, D.A., and Kimball, B.A., 2000, Quantification of metal loads by tracer-injection and synoptic-sampling methods in Cataract Creek, Jefferson County, Montana, August 1997: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2000-4237, iv, 39 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri004237.","productDescription":"iv, 39 p. ","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":157705,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2000/4237/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":95614,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2000/4237/report.pdf","size":"3439","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","county":"Jefferson 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Thomas E. 0000-0003-0694-1541","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0694-1541","contributorId":21993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cleasby","given":"Thomas E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nimick, David A. dnimick@usgs.gov","contributorId":421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nimick","given":"David","email":"dnimick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":573,"text":"Special Applications Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":196679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kimball, Briant A. bkimball@usgs.gov","contributorId":533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kimball","given":"Briant","email":"bkimball@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":196680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":28819,"text":"wri004091 - 2000 - Status and trends in suspended-sediment discharges, soil erosion, and conservation tillage in the Maumee River basin: Ohio, Michigan, and Indiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-09T20:42:17.914358","indexId":"wri004091","displayToPublicDate":"2002-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000–4091","title":"Status and trends in suspended-sediment discharges, soil erosion, and conservation tillage in the Maumee River basin: Ohio, Michigan, and Indiana","docAbstract":"

The relation of suspended-sediment discharges to conservation-tillage practices and soil loss were analyzed for the Maumee River Basin in Ohio, Michigan, and Indiana as part of the U.S. Geological Survey’s National Water-Quality Assessment Program. Cropland in the basin is the largest contributor to soil erosion and suspended-sediment discharge to the Maumee River and the river is the largest source of suspended sediments to Lake Erie. Retrospective and recently-collected data from 1970–98 were used to demonstrate that increases in conservation tillage and decreases in soil loss can be related to decreases in suspended-sediment discharge from streams.

Average annual water and suspended-sediment budgets computed for the Maumee River Basin and its principal tributaries indicate that soil drainage and runoff potential, stream slope, and agricultural land use are the major human and natural factors related to suspended-sediment discharge. The Tiffin and St. Joseph Rivers drain areas of moderately to somewhat poorly drained soils with moderate runoff potential. Expressed as a percentage of the total for the Maumee River Basin, the St. Joseph and Tiffin Rivers represent 29.0 percent of the basin area, 30.7 percent of the average-annual streamflow, and 9.31 percent of the average annual suspended-sediment discharge. The Auglaize and St. Marys Rivers drain areas of poorly to very poorly drained soils with high runoff potential. Expressed as a percentage of the total for the Maumee River Basin, the Auglaize and St. Marys Rivers represent 48.7 percent of the total basin area, 53.5 percent of the average annual streamflow, and 46.5 percent of the average annual suspended-sediment discharge. Areas of poorly drained soils with high runoff potential appear to be the major source areas of suspended sediment discharge in the Maumee River Basin.

Although conservation tillage differed in the degree of use throughout the basin, on average, it was used on 55.4 percent of all crop fields in the Maumee River Basin from 1993–98. Conservation tillage was used at relatively higher rates in areas draining to the lower main stem from Defiance to Waterville, Ohio and at relatively lower rates in the St. Marys and Auglaize River Basins, and in areas draining to the main stem between New Haven, Ind. and Defiance, Ohio. The areas that were identified as the most important sediment-source areas in the basin were characterized by some of the lowest rates of conservation tillage.

The increased use of conservation tillage was found to correspond to decreases in suspended- sediment discharge over time at two locations in the Maumee River Basin. A 49.8 percent decrease in suspended-sediment discharge was detected when data from 1970–74 were compared to data from 1996–98 for the Auglaize River near Ft. Jennings, Ohio. A decrease in suspended-sediment discharge of 11.2 percent was detected from 1970–98 for the Maumee River at Waterville, Ohio. No trends in streamflow at either site were detected over the period 1970–98. The lower rate of decline in suspended-sediment discharge for the Maumee River at Waterville, Ohio compared to the Auglaize River near Ft. Jennings, may be due to resuspension and export of stored sediments from drainage ditches, stream channels, and flood plains in the large drainage basin upstream from Waterville. Similar findings by other investigators about the capacity of drainage networks to store sediment are supported by this investigation. These findings go undetected when soil loss estimates are used alone to evaluate the effectiveness of conservation tillage. Water-quality data in combination with soil-loss estimates were needed to draw these conclusions. These findings provide information to farmers and soil conservation agents about the ability of conservation tillage to reduce soil erosion and suspended-sediment discharge from the Maumee River Basin.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri004091","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service","usgsCitation":"Myers, D.N., Metzker, K.D., and Davis, S., 2000, Status and trends in suspended-sediment discharges, soil erosion, and conservation tillage in the Maumee River basin: Ohio, Michigan, and Indiana: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2000–4091, vi, 37 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri004091.","productDescription":"vi, 37 p.","numberOfPages":"45","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":159635,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2000/4091/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":2325,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2000/4091/wri20004091.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRI 2000-4091"},{"id":410232,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_34294.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana, Michigan, Ohio","otherGeospatial":"Maumee River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -85.279,\n 40.5\n ],\n [\n -83.412,\n 40.5\n ],\n [\n -83.412,\n 42.05\n ],\n [\n -85.279,\n 42.05\n ],\n [\n -85.279,\n 40.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"

Director, Ohio Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6460 Busch Blvd.
Columbus, OH 43229-1737

","tableOfContents":"","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4882e4b07f02db517512","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Myers, Donna N. 0000-0001-6359-2865 dnmyers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6359-2865","contributorId":512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Myers","given":"Donna","email":"dnmyers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":200448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Metzker, Kevin D.","contributorId":81953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Metzker","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Davis, Steven","contributorId":40636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Steven","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":24852,"text":"ofr00430 - 2000 - Streamflow and Water-Quality Data for Bear Butte Creek Downstream of Sturgis, South Dakota, 1998-2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:13","indexId":"ofr00430","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-430","title":"Streamflow and Water-Quality Data for Bear Butte Creek Downstream of Sturgis, South Dakota, 1998-2000","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nInformation Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr00430","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Williamson, J., 2000, Streamflow and Water-Quality Data for Bear Butte Creek Downstream of Sturgis, South Dakota, 1998-2000: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-430, 37 p. (8 figures, 6 tables, 7 p. of text), https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr00430.","productDescription":"37 p. (8 figures, 6 tables, 7 p. of text)","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":157029,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0430/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53850,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0430/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4f2b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williamson, Joyce E. jewillia@usgs.gov","contributorId":1964,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williamson","given":"Joyce E.","email":"jewillia@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":192688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":24282,"text":"ofr00476 - 2000 - Water-quality and ground-water-level trends, 1990-99, and data collected from 1995 through 1999, East Mountain area, Bernalillo County, central New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:01","indexId":"ofr00476","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-476","title":"Water-quality and ground-water-level trends, 1990-99, and data collected from 1995 through 1999, East Mountain area, Bernalillo County, central New Mexico","docAbstract":"Bernalillo County officials recognize the importance of \r\nmonitoring water quality and ground-water levels in rapidly \r\ndeveloping areas. For this reason, water-quality and ground-water-\r\nlevel data were collected from 87 wells, 3 springs, and the Ojo \r\nGrande Acequia in the east mountain area of Bernalillo County \r\nbetween January 1990 and June 1999. The water samples were \r\nanalyzed for selected nutrient species; total organic carbon; \r\nmajor dissolved constituents; methylene blue active substances; \r\nand dissolved arsenic. Analytical results were used to compute \r\nhardness, sodium adsorption ratio, and dissolved solids. Specific \r\nconductance, pH, air and water temperature, alkalinity, and \r\ndissolved oxygen were measured in the field at the time of sample \r\ncollection. Ground-water levels were measured at the time of \r\nsample collection.\r\n\r\nFrom January 1990 through June 1993, water-quality and ground-\r\nwater-level data were collected monthly from an initial set of 20 \r\nwells; these data were published in a 1995 report. During 1995, \r\nwater samples and ground-water-level data were collected and \r\nanalyzed from the initial set of 20 wells and from an additional 31 \r\nwells, 2 springs, and the Ojo Grande Acequia; these data were \r\npublished in a 1996 report. Additional water-quality and \r\nground-water-level data have been collected from sites in the east \r\nmountain area: 34 wells and the acequia during 1997, 14 wells and \r\n1 spring during 1998, and 6 wells during 1999.\r\n\r\nWater-quality and ground- water-level data collected in the \r\neast mountain area during 1995 through 1999 are presented in \r\ntables. In addition, temporal trends for ground-water levels, \r\nconcentrations of total and dissolved nitrite plus nitrate, \r\nconcentrations of dissolved chloride, and specific conductance \r\nare presented for 20 selected wells in water-quality and water-\r\nlevel hydrographs.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nInformation Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr00476","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Rankin, D., 2000, Water-quality and ground-water-level trends, 1990-99, and data collected from 1995 through 1999, East Mountain area, Bernalillo County, central New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-476, 41 p. (22 figures, 2 tables, 4 p. of text), https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr00476.","productDescription":"41 p. (22 figures, 2 tables, 4 p. of text)","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155016,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0476/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53403,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0476/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fb713","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rankin, D.R.","contributorId":28991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rankin","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":22336,"text":"ofr00193 - 2000 - Principal facts for gravity stations in the vicinity of San Bernardino, Southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-26T14:21:51.785067","indexId":"ofr00193","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-193","title":"Principal facts for gravity stations in the vicinity of San Bernardino, Southern California","docAbstract":"New gravity measurements in the vicinity of San Bernardino, California were collected to help define the characteristics of the Rialto-Colton fault. The data were processed using standard reduction formulas and parameters. Rock properties such as lithology, magnetic susceptibility and density also were measured at several locations. Rock property measurements will be helpful for future modeling and density inversion calculations from the gravity data. On both the Bouguer and isostatic gravity maps, a prominent, 13-km long (8 mi), approximately 1-km (0.62 mi) wide gradient with an amplitude of 7 mGal, down to the northeast, is interpreted as the gravity expression of the Rialto-Colton fault. The gravity gradient strikes in a northwest direction and runs from the San Jacinto fault zone at its south end to San Sevine Canyon at the foot of the San Gabriel mountains at its north end. The Rialto-Colton fault has experienced both right-lateral strike-slip and normal fault motion that has offset basement rocks; therefore it is interpreted as a major, through-going fault.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr00193","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Anderson, M., Roberts, C.W., and Jachens, R.C., 2000, Principal facts for gravity stations in the vicinity of San Bernardino, Southern California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-193, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr00193.","productDescription":"32 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":483871,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_26229.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":281575,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0193/"},{"id":51744,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0193/pdf/of00-193.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":155972,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0193/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"San Bernardino","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.667,\n 34.25\n ],\n [\n -117.667,\n 33.94\n ],\n [\n -117,\n 33.94\n ],\n [\n -117,\n 34.25\n ],\n [\n -117.667,\n 34.25\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa7e4b07f02db6672ba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, Megan L.","contributorId":69189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Megan L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roberts, Carter W.","contributorId":45282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roberts","given":"Carter","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jachens, Robert C. jachens@usgs.gov","contributorId":1180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jachens","given":"Robert","email":"jachens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":188061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":64562,"text":"i2654_supp - 2000 - Mine and mineral processing plant locations, supplemental information for USGS map I-2654","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:52","indexId":"i2654_supp","displayToPublicDate":"2002-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2654","subseriesTitle":"GIS","title":"Mine and mineral processing plant locations, supplemental information for USGS map I-2654","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/i2654_supp","usgsCitation":"Kramer, D.A., Papp, J.F., LaTurno, N.M., and Gambogi, J., 2000, Mine and mineral processing plant locations, supplemental information for USGS map I-2654 (Supplimental): U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 2654, map, https://doi.org/10.3133/i2654_supp.","productDescription":"map","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":6073,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/mapdata","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":186837,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"6000000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.41666666666667,24.5 ], [ -124.41666666666667,49.38333333333333 ], [ -66.88333333333334,49.38333333333333 ], [ -66.88333333333334,24.5 ], [ -124.41666666666667,24.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Supplimental","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a60e4b07f02db63561a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kramer, Deborah A.","contributorId":69966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kramer","given":"Deborah","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":271428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Papp, John F. jpapp@usgs.gov","contributorId":2895,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Papp","given":"John","email":"jpapp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":271426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"LaTurno, Nicole M.","contributorId":83206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaTurno","given":"Nicole","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":271429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gambogi, Joseph 0000-0002-5719-2280 jgambogi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5719-2280","contributorId":4424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gambogi","given":"Joseph","email":"jgambogi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":271427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70243616,"text":"70243616 - 2000 - Interactive 3-D visualization: A tool for seafloor navigation, exploration and engineering","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-05-17T13:15:36.969943","indexId":"70243616","displayToPublicDate":"2002-08-06T11:11:07","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Interactive 3-D visualization: A tool for seafloor navigation, exploration and engineering","docAbstract":"

Recent years have seen remarkable advances in sonar technology, positioning capabilities, and computer processing power that have revolutionized the way we image the seafloor. The massive amounts of data produced by these systems present many challenges but also offer tremendous opportunities in terms of visualization and analysis. The authors have developed a suite of interactive 3D visualization and exploration tools specifically designed to facilitate the interpretation and analysis of very large (10s to 100s of megabytes), complex, multi-component spatial data sets. If properly georeferenced and treated, these complex data sets can be presented in a natural and intuitive manner that allows the integration of multiple components each at their inherent level of resolution and without compromising the quantitative nature of the data. Artificial sun-illumination, shading, and 3D rendering can be used with digital bathymetric data (DTMs) to form natural looking and easily interpretable, yet quantitative, landscapes. Color can be used to represent depth or other parameters (like backscatter or sediment properties) which can be draped over the DTM, or high resolution imagery can be texture mapped on bathymetric data. When combined with interactive analytical tools, this environment has facilitated the use of multibeam sonar and other data sets in a range of geologic, environmental, fisheries, and engineering applications.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"OCEANS 2000 MTS/IEEE conference and exhibition. Conference proceedings","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"OCEANS 2000 MTS/IEEE Conference and Exhibition","conferenceDate":"September 11-14, 2000","language":"English","publisher":"Marine Technology Society","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.2000.881373","usgsCitation":"Mayer, L.A., Paton, M., Gee, L., Gardner, S.V., and Ware, C., 2000, Interactive 3-D visualization: A tool for seafloor navigation, exploration and engineering, in OCEANS 2000 MTS/IEEE conference and exhibition. Conference proceedings, v. 2, September 11-14, 2000, p. 913-919, https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.2000.881373.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"913","endPage":"919","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":417038,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mayer, L. A.","contributorId":105776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mayer","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":872626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Paton, M.","contributorId":305394,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paton","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":872627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gee, L.","contributorId":101066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gee","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":872628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gardner, S. V.","contributorId":305395,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gardner","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":872629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ware, C.","contributorId":305396,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ware","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":872630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":27694,"text":"wri994224 - 2000 - Hydrogeology and simulation of ground-water flow at Dover Air Force Base, Delaware","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:40","indexId":"wri994224","displayToPublicDate":"2002-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-4224","title":"Hydrogeology and simulation of ground-water flow at Dover Air Force Base, Delaware","docAbstract":"Dover Air Force Base in Kent County, Delaware, has many contaminated sites that are in active remediation. To assist in this remediation, a steady-state model of ground-water flow was developed to aid in understanding the hydrology of the system, and for use as a ground-watermanagement tool. This report describes the hydrology on which the model is based, a description of the model itself, and some applications of the model.Dover Air Force Base is underlain by unconsolidated sediments of the Atlantic Coastal Plain. The primary units that were investigated include the upper Calvert Formation and the overlying Columbia Formation. The uppermost sand unit in the Calvert Formation at Dover Air Force Base is the Frederica aquifer, which is the deepest unit investigated in this report. A confining unit of clayey silt in the upper Calvert Formation separates the Frederica aquifer from the lower surficial aquifer, which is the basal Columbia Formation. North and northwest of Dover Air Force Base, the Frederica aquifer subcrops beneath the Columbia Formation and the upper Calvert Formation confining unit is absent. The Calvert Formation dips to the southeast. The Columbia Formation consists predominately of sands, silts, and gravels, although in places there are clay layers that separate the surficial aquifer into an upper and lower surficial aquifer. The areal extent of these clay layers has been mapped by use of gamma logs. Long-term hydrographs reveal substantial changes in both seasonal and annual ground-water recharge. These variations in recharge are related to temporal changes in evaporation, transpiration, and precipitation. The hydrographs show areas where extensive silts and clays are present in the surficial aquifer. In these areas, the vertical gradient between water levels in wells screened above and below the clays can be as large as several feet, and local ground-water highs typically form during normal recharge conditions. When drought conditions persist, water drains off these highs and the vertical gradients decrease. At the south end of Dover Air Force Base, hydrographs of water levels in the Frederica aquifer show that off-Base pumping can cause the water levels to decline below sea level during part of the year.A 4-layer, steady-state numerical model of ground-water flow was developed for Dover Air Force Base and the surrounding area. The upper two layers represent the upper and lower surficial aquifers, which are in the Columbia Formation. In some areas of the model, a semi-confining unit is used to represent an intermittent clay layer between the upper and lower surficial aquifer. This semi-confining unit causes the local groundwater highs in the surficial aquifer. The third model layer represents the upper part of the Calvert Formation, a confining unit. The fourth model layer represents the Frederica aquifer. The model was calibrated to hydraulic heads and to ground-water discharge in Pipe Elm Branch, both of which were measured in September 1997. For the calibrated model, the root-mean-squared errors for the hydraulic heads and the ground-water discharge in the Pipe Elm Branch were 9 percent of the range of head and 3 percent of discharge, respectively. Heads simulated by use of the model were consistent with a map showing average water levels in the region. The U.S. Geological Survey?s MODPATH program was used to simulate ground-water-flow directions for several areas on the Base. This analysis showed the effects of the local groundwater highs. In these areas, ground water can flow from the highs and then dramatically change flow direction as it enters the lower surficial aquifer. The steady-state model has several limitations. The entire ground-water system is under transient hydraulic conditions, due mainly to seasonal and yearly changes in recharge and to withdrawal from irrigation wells. Yet this steady-state model is still considered to be an effective tool for understanding the ground-water-flow system u","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri994224","usgsCitation":"Hinaman, K.C., and Tenbus, F.J., 2000, Hydrogeology and simulation of ground-water flow at Dover Air Force Base, Delaware: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4224, 82 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994224.","productDescription":"82 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":120050,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri_99_4224.jpg"},{"id":2228,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri99-4224/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4be4b07f02db625363","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hinaman, Kurt C.","contributorId":104104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hinaman","given":"Kurt","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tenbus, Frederick J.","contributorId":52145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tenbus","given":"Frederick","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":27140,"text":"wri20004131 - 2000 - Water-quality assessment of part of the Upper Mississippi River Basin, Minnesota and Wisconsin - Ground-water quality in three different land-use areas, 1996-98","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-12T11:09:19","indexId":"wri20004131","displayToPublicDate":"2002-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-4131","title":"Water-quality assessment of part of the Upper Mississippi River Basin, Minnesota and Wisconsin - Ground-water quality in three different land-use areas, 1996-98","docAbstract":"

The surficial sand and gravel aquifer is susceptible to effects from land-use in the Upper Mississippi River Basin study unit of the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program. The purpose of this report is to describe the ground-water quality and the assessment of how different land-uses affect the shallow ground-water quality in the surficial sand and gravel aquifer. Ground-water quality was compared in three different land-use areas; an urban residential/commercial area on the edge of the Anoka Sand Plain in a portion of the Twin Cities metropolitan area (urban study), an intensive agricultural area in the Anoka Sand Plain (agricultural study), and a forested area in the Bemidji-Bagley Sand Plain (forested study). Ground water was sampled and analyzed for about 200 constituents, including physical parameters, major ions, selected trace elements, nutrients, dissolved organic carbon, selected pesticides, selected volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and tritium. The urban study wells were sampled during June and July 1996. The agricultural study wells were sampled during May and September 1998. The forested study wells were sampled during June 1998.

\n

The depth to water below the land surface generally was less than 20 ft in all three land-use studies. The median pH value in the urban study was 7.2, with medians in the agricultural and forested studies at 7.4 and 7.5, respectively. The median specific conductance was significantly greater in the urban study than in the agricultural and forested studies (914, 553, and 487 µS/cm respectively). The median dissolved oxygen concentration in the urban study (0.9 mg/L) was significantly less than the median in the agricultural or forested studies (5.3 and 2.3 mg/L respectively). Alkalinities in the agricultural study, with a median of 178 mg/L as CaCO3, were significantly less than medians in the urban or forested studies (261 and 246 mg/L as CaCO3, respectively).

\n

The water composition in the surficial aquifer in all three land-use studies is dominated by calcium, magnesium, and bicarbonate. Sulfate and chloride concentrations in water samples were significantly greater in the urban study than in the agricultural or forested studies, and concentrations in the forested study were least. Most of the water samples in all three land-use studies were very hard (greater than 180 mg/L as CaCO3).

\n

Nitrate-nitrogen concentrations were greatest in the agricultural study, in which 38 percent of water samples exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s maximum contaminant level (MCL) for nitrate-nitrogen. Nitrate-nitrogen was greater than the MCL in 3 percent of urban study samples. None of the forested study samples exceeded the MCL for nitrate-nitrogen. Concentrations of phosphorus generally were less than 0.05 mg/ L, with no significant differences between the land-uses.

\n

A total of 19 pesticides were detected in water samples from one or more land-use study wells, with 11 pesticides detected in the urban study, 14 detected in the agricultural study, and 4 detected in the forested study. Atrazine, deethylatrazine, and simazine were the only pesticides detected in all three land-use studies. A significantly greater percentage of pesticide detections were present in water samples from the agricultural study than from the urban or forested studies (86.2, 56.7, and 46.7 percent, respectively). Prometon was the most frequently detected pesticide in the urban study. Atrazine and deethylatrazine were the most frequently detected pesticides in the agricultural and forested studies.

\n

Twenty-one VOCs were detected in water samples from one or more land-use study wells, with 19 detected in the urban study, 7 detected in the agricultural study, and none detected in the forested study. Chloromethane, trichloromethane, methylbenzene, trichlorofluoromethane, and benzene were all detected in both the urban and agricultural studies. A significantly greater percentage of VOC detections were present in water samples from the urban study than from the agricultural study (90 and 50 percent, respectively). Carbon disulfide was the most frequently detected VOC in the urban study. The compound 1,2,3,4-tetramethyl benzene was the most frequently detected VOC in the agricultural study.

\n

Tritium concentrations indicate that the water in the surficial sand and gravel aquifer has been recharged since 1953. Median tritium concentrations ranged from 11.6 to 12.8 tritium units. No significant difference in tritium concentrations was present between the three land-use studies.

\n

Comparisons of previous land-use studies in Minnesota with the three NAWQA land-use studies generally indicated the same patterns. Ground-water quality in surficial sand and gravel aquifers is affected by land-use practices. Ground water in urban studies has greater specific conductances, alkalinities, chloride, sodium, sulfate, and dissolved solid concentrations than agricultural or forested/undeveloped studies. Nitrate-nitrogen was detected in greater concentrations in agricultural studies than in urban studies, with concentrations in the forested/undeveloped studies less than in the agricultural or the urban studies. Agricultural studies have the greatest detection rates, numbers, and total concentrations of pesticides. Pesticide detection rates and total pesticide concentrations in the urban studies were less than in the agricultural studies, with the most frequently detected pesticides (prometon and dicamba) different than those in the agricultural studies (atrazine and deethylatrazine). A greater number of VOCs were detected in urban studies and at greater concentrations than in agricultural studies. Few pesticides or VOCs were detected in forested/undeveloped studies.

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The U.S. Geological Survey sampled snowmelt runoff from 42 stream sites during March and April 1997 in part of the Upper Mississippi River Basin, Minnesota and Wisconsin, to characterize nutrient and suspended-sediment concentrations, yields, and loads. Ancillary data from 12 sites provided data to estimate constituent loads delivered during snowmelt and 1997. The snowmelt period contributed from 1 to 50 percent of 1997 annual loads of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and suspended sediment at small stream sites, and 17 to 70 percent of annual loads at mainstem river sites. Small streams in agricultural areas transported the greatest proportions of annual loads during snowmelt. Snowmelt from urban streams transported the least proportions of annual loads. Agricultural streams had significantly greater median yields (p < 0.025) of dissolved nitrite, nitrate, phosphorus, orthophosphate, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus than forested sites, and significantly greater median yields (p < 0.025) of dissolved nitrate and orthophosphate than all other land uses. In forested areas, yields of suspended sediment and all nutrient forms were significantly greater (p < 0.05) for streams draining impermeable deposits than permeable deposits.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Mounds View, MN","doi":"10.3133/wri20004165","usgsCitation":"Fallon, J.D., and McNellis, R.P., 2000, Nutrients and suspended sediment in snowmelt runoff from part of the Upper Mississippi River Basin, Minnesota and Wisconsin, 1997: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2000-4165, vi, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri20004165.","productDescription":"vi, 23 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1997-01-01","temporalEnd":"1997-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":122942,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri_2000_4165.jpg"},{"id":12237,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://mn.water.usgs.gov/publications/pubs/00-4165.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota, 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(HARS), offshore of New York, based on multibeam surveys conducted in 1996, 1998, and 2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-25T13:24:37.856045","indexId":"ofr2000503","displayToPublicDate":"2002-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-503","title":"Sea floor topography and backscatter intensity of the Historic Area Remediation Site (HARS), offshore of New York, based on multibeam surveys conducted in 1996, 1998, and 2000","docAbstract":"An area offshore of Sandy Hook, New Jersey, has been used extensively for disposal of dredged and other materials, derived from the New York/New Jersey Harbor and surrounding areas, since the late 1800's (Figure 1). Between 1976 and 1995, the New York Bight Dredged Material Disposal Site, also known as the Mud Dump Site (Figure 2), received on average about 6 million cubic yards of material each year from federal and private maintenance dredging and from harbor deepening activities (Massa and others, 1996). In September 1997 the Mud Dump Site (MDS) was closed as an official ocean disposal site by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (http://www.epa.gov/), and the MDS and surrounding areas were designated as the Historic Area Remediation Site (HARS). The HARS is subdivided into a Primary Remediation Area (PRA, subdivided into 9 cells), a Buffer Zone, and a No-Discharge Zone (Figure 2). The sea floor of the HARS, approximately 9 square nautical miles in area, is being remediated by placing at least a one-meter cap of Category I (clean) dredged material on top of the existing surface sediments that exhibit varying degrees of degradation. (See http://www.nan.usace.army.mil/business/prjlinks/dmmp/benefic/hars.htm)(Category I sediments have no potential short or long-term impacts and are acceptable for unrestricted ocean disposal (EPA, 1996)). About 1.1 million cubic yards of dredged material for remediation was placed in the HARS in 1999, and 2.5 million cubic yards in 2000.\r\n\r\nThree multibeam echosounder surveys were carried out to map the topography and surficial geology of the HARS. The surveys were conducted November 23 - December 3, 1996, October 26 - November 11, 1998, and April 6 - 30, 2000. The surveys were carried out as part of a larger survey of the Hudson Shelf Valley and adjacent shelf (Butman and others, 1998, (http://pubs.usgs.gov/openfile/of98-616/). This report presents maps showing topography, shaded relief, and backscatter intensity (a measure of sea floor texture and roughness) at a scale of 1:25,000. Comparison of the topography and backscatter intensity from the three surveys show changes in topography and surficial sediment properties resulting from placement of dredged material in 1996 and 1997 prior to closure of the Mud Dump Site, as well as placement of capping material for remediation of the HARS.\r\n\r\nThe surficial geology and sediments of the HARS and the surrounding region are described in Butman and others (1998), (http://pubs.usgs.gov/openfile/of98-616/, Schwab and others (1997, 2000, http://pubs.usgs.gov/openfile/of00-295/). A history of waste disposal in the New York Bight region is presented in Massa and others (1996).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr2000503","isbn":"0607989386","usgsCitation":"Butman, B., Danforth, W.W., Knowles, S., May, B., and Serrett, L., 2000, Sea floor topography and backscatter intensity of the Historic Area Remediation Site (HARS), offshore of New York, based on multibeam surveys conducted in 1996, 1998, and 2000: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-503, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr2000503.","productDescription":"HTML Document","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":164395,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3158,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/of00-503/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fc669","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Butman, Bradford 0000-0002-4174-2073 bbutman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4174-2073","contributorId":943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butman","given":"Bradford","email":"bbutman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":209630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Danforth, W. W.","contributorId":16386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Danforth","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":209631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Knowles, S.C.","contributorId":80956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knowles","given":"S.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":209634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"May, Brian","contributorId":32400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"May","given":"Brian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":209632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Serrett, Laurie","contributorId":62464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Serrett","given":"Laurie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":209633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":4976,"text":"fs10500 - 2000 - The relation of fish community composition to riparian cover and runoff potential in the Minnesota River basin, Minnesota and Iowa, 1997","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-07T21:03:48.520994","indexId":"fs10500","displayToPublicDate":"2002-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"105-00","title":"The relation of fish community composition to riparian cover and runoff potential in the Minnesota River basin, Minnesota and Iowa, 1997","docAbstract":"

The relation of fish community composition to riparian cover and runoff potential was investigated in 20 streams in the Minnesota River Basin during the summer of 1997 as part of the U.S. Geological Survey’s National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program (fig.1). Analysis of variance statistics indicated significant differences in the composition of the fish community due to both riparian cover (wooded or open) and runoff potential (high or low). An Index of Biotic Integrity (IBI), species richness, and diversity were used to measure the community response and health. Fish communities in streams with significant wooded riparian cover had higher IBI scores, species richness, and diversity than streams with little wooded riparian cover. Streams with low runoff potential had higher IBI scores and species richness than streams with high runoff potential. IBI scores and species richness responded independently to riparian cover and runoff potential. Although both factors were important, riparian cover influenced fish community composition more than runoff potential in these streams, indicating that local factors (close to the stream) dominate landscape or basin-wide factors (Stauffer and others, 2000).

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Mounds View, MN","doi":"10.3133/fs10500","usgsCitation":"Hanson, P.E., 2000, The relation of fish community composition to riparian cover and runoff potential in the Minnesota River basin, Minnesota and Iowa, 1997: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 105-00, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs10500.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1997-01-01","temporalEnd":"1997-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":12206,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://mn.water.usgs.gov/publications/pubs/FS-105-00.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":406350,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_32315.htm"},{"id":31821,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2000/0105/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":118286,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2000/0105/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa, Minnesota","otherGeospatial":"Minnesota River basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -97.1026611328125, 45.93969078234 ], [ -97.020263671875, 45.87853662114514 ], [ -96.9873046875, 45.79816953017265 ], [ -96.87744140625, 45.69850658738848 ], [ -96.75659179687499, 45.62940492064501 ], [ -96.591796875, 45.61403741135093 ], [ -96.5423583984375, 45.54483149242463 ], [ -96.45996093749999, 45.463983441272745 ], [ -96.317138671875, 45.471688258104614 ], [ -96.185302734375, 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}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67aca7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hanson, Paul E.","contributorId":85167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanson","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":29084,"text":"wri20004281 - 2000 - Water quality of lakes in Voyageurs National Park, northern Minnesota, 1999","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-19T10:48:08","indexId":"wri20004281","displayToPublicDate":"2002-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-4281","title":"Water quality of lakes in Voyageurs National Park, northern Minnesota, 1999","docAbstract":"

Water-quality samples were collected during July 1999 from selected lakes and bays, and the mouths of two rivers that flow into Voyageurs National Park in northern Minnesota. Results of laboratory analyses and field measurements of chemical and physical properties were compared to similar data collected during 1977-83. Water-quality data were evaluated for changes in specific conductance, alkalinity, nutrients, trace metals, bacteria, and trophic state. Specific conductance and alkalinity were similar to the 1977-83 period in much of the Park, but in some lakes and bays these properties may have been influenced by above normal runoff during summer 1999. Fecal-coliform bacteria colony counts were within guidelines for water-contact recreation. Nitrite plus nitrate nitrogen concentrations generally were lower throughout the Park and total phosphorus concentrations were lower in Kabetogama Lake and Black Bay relative to 1977-83. Concentrations of most trace metals were lower compared to 1977-83. Trophic state indices, based on chlorophyll a concentrations, indicated lower algal productivity throughout the Park. The largest changes in algal productivity, relative to 1977-83, were in Kabetogama Lake, Black Bay, and Sullivan Bay.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Mounds View, MN","doi":"10.3133/wri20004281","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Payne, G.A., 2000, Water quality of lakes in Voyageurs National Park, northern Minnesota, 1999: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2000-4281, iv, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri20004281.","productDescription":"iv, 12 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1999-07-01","temporalEnd":"1999-07-31","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321467,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri20004281.JPG"},{"id":12241,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://mn.water.usgs.gov/publications/pubs/00-4281.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United 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A.","contributorId":43819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Payne","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":25816,"text":"wri20004202 - 2000 - Use of biological characteristics of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) to indicate exposure to hormonally active agents in selected Minnesota streams, 1999","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-12T13:05:34","indexId":"wri20004202","displayToPublicDate":"2002-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-4202","title":"Use of biological characteristics of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) to indicate exposure to hormonally active agents in selected Minnesota streams, 1999","docAbstract":"

The presence of hormonally active agents (HAAs) was determined in selected Minnesota streams using biological characteristics (measures of endocrine disruption) of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) exposed to wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent and runoff from agricultural and forested land. Four biological characteristics of common carp were used as indicators of HAAs in the streams selected for this study: (1) high concentrations of vitellogenin in male fish and low concentrations in female fish, (2) high or low plasma concentrations of the sex steroid hormones (17β-estradiol and 11-ketotestosterone), (3) low gonado-somatic index (GSI) (gonad weight divided by total body weight multiplied by 100) values, and (4) abnormal gonad histopathology (high percent of atretic oocytes in female ovaries and high percent ceroid/lipofuscin tissue in male or female gonads). The study design was a paired site approach targeting sites downstream and upstream of WWTP discharges on different streams. Male (221 individuals) and female (201 individuals) common carp were collected using electrofishing techniques from seven streams with sites at two locations (upstream and downstream of WWTPs), and eight sites located downstream of WWTPs with no upstream-paired sites. Samples were collected between August 3 and September 13, 1999.

\n

The presence of HAAs in selected Minnesota streams was indicated by biological characteristics in common carp. Biological characteristics used in this study identified WWTP effluent as a potential source of HAAs. Additionally, fish located at sites upstream of WWTP effluent primarily draining agricultural land show indications of HAAs, which may be the result of agricultural runoff or other sources of HAAs. There was variability among all sites and among sites within each site group. Differences among sites may be due to differences in water chemistry or fish exposure time. Natural variation in the biological characteristics may account for some of the differences observed in this study. This study and others indicate the presence of HAAs in surface water and the potential signs of endocrine disruption in resident fish populations. Detailed controlled studies could confirm the effects of particular chemicals such as pesticides or components of WWTPs on fish reproduction and population structure.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Mounds View, MN","doi":"10.3133/wri20004202","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, and the Legislative Commission on Minnesota Resources","usgsCitation":"Lee, K., Blazer, V., Denslow, N., Goldstein, R.M., and Talmage, P.J., 2000, Use of biological characteristics of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) to indicate exposure to hormonally active agents in selected Minnesota streams, 1999: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2000-4202, iv, 47 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri20004202.","productDescription":"iv, 47 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1999-01-01","temporalEnd":"1999-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science 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Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":195184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Denslow, Nancy D.","contributorId":72831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denslow","given":"Nancy D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Goldstein, Robert M.","contributorId":68267,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldstein","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Talmage, Philip J.","contributorId":106162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talmage","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":25821,"text":"wri20004107 - 2000 - Water-quality assessment of part of the Upper Mississippi River Basin, Minnesota and Wisconsin - Ground-water quality in an agricultural area of Sherburne County, Minnesota, 1998","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-19T11:26:44","indexId":"wri20004107","displayToPublicDate":"2002-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-4107","title":"Water-quality assessment of part of the Upper Mississippi River Basin, Minnesota and Wisconsin - Ground-water quality in an agricultural area of Sherburne County, Minnesota, 1998","docAbstract":"

The quality of shallow ground water in a 75-mi2 agricultural area of the Anoka Sand Plain aquifer in central Minnesota is described as part of the National Water Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program - a national-scale assessment of the quality of water resources within large study units in various hydrologic settings. Data were collected during 1998 from 29 wells completed in the aquifer, which predominantly consists of surficial glacial sand and gravel sediments.

\n

The depth below land surface to the water table ranged from 3.3 to 44 ft (median of 15.5 ft). Ground water was of the calciummagnesium bicarbonate type. Ionic constituents also included sodium, sulfate, and chloride. Iron and manganese concentrations generally were not greater than their U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Secondary Maximum Contaminant Levels (300 and 50 ug/L, respectively).

\n

About 38 percent of 29 samples had nitrate-N (nitrogen) concentrations greater than the USEPA Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) of 10 mg/L. About 72 percent of the samples had nitrate-N concentrations greater than the presumed natural background level of 3 mg/L. The maximum nitrate-N concentration was 47 mg/L. The median nitrate-N concentration of 7.1 mg/L, although not greater than the MCL, exceeded the natural background level. Nitrogen isotope ratios indicate that the sources of nitrate were commercial fertilizer and soil organic matter. Concentrations of total dissolved phosphorus and orthophosphate were generally less than 1 mg/L.

\n

About 86 percent of 29 samples had detectable concentrations of at least 1 of 13 pesticide compounds. The samples were analyzed for 83 pesticide compounds. Frequencies of detection of these compounds were: deethylatrazine-79 percent; atrazine-76 percent; metolachlor-41 percent; metribuzin and bentazon-21 percent; prometon-10 percent; tebuthiuron-7 percent; and alachlor, 2,6-diethylaniline, dicamba, dinoseb, malathion, and simazine-3 percent. The detected pesticide compounds had concentrations less than 1 ug/L. Detected compounds with USEPA MCLs (atrazine, bentazon, alachlor, dinoseb, and simazine) had concentrations less than their respective MCLs.

\n

About 50 percent of 20 samples analyzed for 86 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) had detectable concentrations of at least 1 of 7 VOCs. Frequencies of detection of these 7 VOCs were: 1,2,3,4-tetramethylbenzene-40 percent; and trichlorofluoromethane, styrene, chloromethane, benzene, methylbenzene, and trichloromethane-5 percent. The detected VOCs had concentrations less than 0.120 ug/L. Detected VOCs with USEPA MCLs - styrene, benzene, methylbenzene, and trichloromethane - were present at concentrations 2-4 orders of magnitude less than their respective MCLs.

\n

Tritium concentrations had a range of from 7.5 to 18.8 tritium units (TUs) and a median of 12.5 TUs. These concentrations indicate that the ground water predominantly recharged after testing of thermonuclear weapons during the early 1950's.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Mounds View, MN","doi":"10.3133/wri20004107","usgsCitation":"Ruhl, J.F., Fong, A.L., Hanson, P.E., and Andrews, W.J., 2000, Water-quality assessment of part of the Upper Mississippi River Basin, Minnesota and Wisconsin - Ground-water quality in an agricultural area of Sherburne County, Minnesota, 1998: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2000-4107, vii, 46 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri20004107.","productDescription":"vii, 46 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1998-01-01","temporalEnd":"1998-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":158052,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12235,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://mn.water.usgs.gov/publications/pubs/00-4107.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","county":"Sherburne County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -94,45.25 ], [ -94,45.5 ], [ -93.58333333333333,45.5 ], [ -93.58333333333333,45.25 ], [ -94,45.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0de4b07f02db5fd017","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ruhl, James F.","contributorId":103322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruhl","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fong, Alison L.","contributorId":78366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fong","given":"Alison","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hanson, Paul E.","contributorId":85167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanson","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Andrews, William J. 0000-0003-4780-8835 wandrews@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4780-8835","contributorId":328,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrews","given":"William","email":"wandrews@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":516,"text":"Oklahoma Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":195204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":5267,"text":"fs06600 - 2000 - Pesticides in streams in part of the Upper Mississippi River Basin, Minnesota and Wisconsin, 1974-94","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-12T11:02:46","indexId":"fs06600","displayToPublicDate":"2002-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"066-00","title":"Pesticides in streams in part of the Upper Mississippi River Basin, Minnesota and Wisconsin, 1974-94","docAbstract":"

Analysis of historical pesticide information by the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program indicates that land use and pesticide use affect detections of pesticides in streams in part of the Upper Mississippi River Basin (UMIS). Agricultural pesticide use was greatest in the Minnesota River Basin. Greater than twenty-seven times more herbicides than insecticides were used for agriculture. Pesticide detections were greatest in or downstream of agricultural and urban areas. Herbicides were detected most frequently in stream water; whereas, organochlorine insecticides were detected most frequently in streambed sediment. Most concentrations were below levels considered harmful to human and aquatic health.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Mounds View, MN","doi":"10.3133/fs06600","usgsCitation":"Fallon, J.D., 2000, Pesticides in streams in part of the Upper Mississippi River Basin, Minnesota and Wisconsin, 1974-94: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 066-00, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs06600.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1974-01-01","temporalEnd":"1994-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":12201,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://mn.water.usgs.gov/publications/pubs/066-00.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":121303,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_066_00.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota, Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Upper Mississippi River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": 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Macomb from the exploring expedition from Santa Fe, New Mexico, to the junction of the Grand and Green Rivers of the great Colorado of the West in 1849, with descriptions of the Cretaceous fossils collected on the expedition (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-368, 1 computer optical disc ;4 3/4 in., in plastic box (12 x 15 x 1 cm.), https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr00368.","productDescription":"1 computer optical disc ;4 3/4 in., in plastic box (12 x 15 x 1 cm.)","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":154595,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b4616","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McKinney, Kevin C. kcmckinney@usgs.gov","contributorId":3406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKinney","given":"Kevin","email":"kcmckinney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":185446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":32962,"text":"ofr00284 - 2000 - Map and database of Quaternary faults and folds in Colombia and its offshore regions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-07T10:59:29","indexId":"ofr00284","displayToPublicDate":"2002-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-284","title":"Map and database of Quaternary faults and folds in Colombia and its offshore regions","docAbstract":"

As part of the International Lithosphere Program’s “World Map of Major Active Faults,” the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is assisting in the compilation of a series of digital maps of Quaternary faults and folds in Western Hemisphere countries. The maps show the locations, ages, and activity rates of major earthquake-related features such as faults and fault-related folds. They are accompanied by databases that describe these features and document current information on their activity in the Quaternary. Top date, the project has published fault and fold maps for Costa Rica (Montero and others, 1998), Panama (Cowan and others, 1998), Venezuela (Audemard and others, 2000), Bolovia/Chile (Lavenu, and others, 2000), and Argentina (Costa and others, 2000). The project is a key part of the Global Seismic Hazards Assessment Program (ILP Project II-0) for the International Decade for Natural Hazard Disaster Reduction.

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No abstract available. 

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri004164","usgsCitation":"Gardner, J., Dartnell, P., Mayer, L.A., Hughes, J., and Stone, J., 2000, Bathymetry and selected perspective views of central San Francisco Bay, California: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2000-4164, 2 Plates: 27.38 x 37.63 inches and 27.46 x 32.03 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri004164.","productDescription":"2 Plates: 27.38 x 37.63 inches and 27.46 x 32.03 inches","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":365510,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2000/4164/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":163075,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2000/4164/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":365511,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2000/4164/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"5000","country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.55386352539062,\n 37.6370724640931\n ],\n [\n -122.27096557617189,\n 37.6370724640931\n ],\n [\n -122.27096557617189,\n 37.804358908571395\n ],\n [\n -122.55386352539062,\n 37.804358908571395\n ],\n [\n -122.55386352539062,\n 37.6370724640931\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6ee4b07f02db6401d4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gardner, J.V.","contributorId":76705,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gardner","given":"J.V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":209768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dartnell, Peter 0000-0002-9554-729X pdartnell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9554-729X","contributorId":2688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dartnell","given":"Peter","email":"pdartnell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":209765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mayer, L. A.","contributorId":105776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mayer","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":209769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hughes, J.E.","contributorId":6500,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hughes","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":209766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stone, J.C.","contributorId":65870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":209767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ]}