{"pageNumber":"318","pageRowStart":"7925","pageSize":"25","recordCount":16440,"records":[{"id":70025847,"text":"70025847 - 2003 - The sedimentary record of climatic and anthropogenic influence on the Patuxent estuary and Chesapeake Bay ecosystems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:32","indexId":"70025847","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1583,"text":"Estuaries","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The sedimentary record of climatic and anthropogenic influence on the Patuxent estuary and Chesapeake Bay ecosystems","docAbstract":"Ecological and paleoecological studies from the Patuxent River mouth reveal dynamic variations in benthic ostracode assemblages over the past 600 years due to climatic and anthropogenic factors. Prior to the late 20th century, centennial-scale changes in species dominance were influenced by climatic and hydrological factors that primarily affected salinity and at times led to oxygen depletion. Decadal-scale droughts also occurred resulting in higher salinities and migration of ostracode species from the deep channel (Loxoconcha sp., Cytheromorpha newportensis) into shallower water along the flanks of the bay. During the 19th century the abundance of Leptocythere nikraveshae and Perissocytheridea brachyforma suggest increased turbidity and decreased salinity. Unprecedented changes in benthic ostracodes at the Patuxent mouth and in the deep channel of the bay occurred after the 1960s when Cytheromorpha curta became the dominant species, reflecting seasonal anoxia. The change in benthic assemblages coincided with the appearance of deformities in foraminifers. A combination of increased nitrate loading due to greater fertilizer use and increased freshwater flow explains this shift. A review of the geochemical and paleoecological evidence for dissolved oxygen indicates that seasonal oxygen depletion in the main channel of Chesapeake Bay varies over centennial and decadal timescales. Prior to 1700 AD, a relatively wet climate and high freshwater runoff led to oxygen depletion but rarely anoxia. Between 1700 and 1900, progressive eutrophication occurred related to land dearance and increased sedimentation, but this was superimposed on the oscillatory pattern of oxygen depletion most likely driven by climatological and hydrological factors. It also seems probable that the four- to five-fold increase in sedimentation due to agricultural and timber activity could have contributed to an increased natural nutrient load, likely fueling the early periods (1700-1900) of hypoxla prior to widespread fertilizer use. Twentieth-century anoxia worsened in the late 1930s-1940s and again around 1970, reaching unprecedented levels in the past few decades. Decadal and interannual variability in oxygen depletion even in the 20th century is still strongly influenced by climatic processes influencing precipitation and freshwater runoff.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Estuaries","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"01608347","usgsCitation":"Cronin, T.M., and Vann, C., 2003, The sedimentary record of climatic and anthropogenic influence on the Patuxent estuary and Chesapeake Bay ecosystems: Estuaries, v. 26, no. 2 A, p. 196-209.","startPage":"196","endPage":"209","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":235011,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"2 A","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb005e4b08c986b324b8c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cronin, T. M. 0000-0002-2643-0979","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2643-0979","contributorId":42613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cronin","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":406807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vann, C.D.","contributorId":51951,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vann","given":"C.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70024958,"text":"70024958 - 2003 - Response of North American Great Basin Lakes to Dansgaard-Oeschger oscillations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:11","indexId":"70024958","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3219,"text":"Quaternary Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Response of North American Great Basin Lakes to Dansgaard-Oeschger oscillations","docAbstract":"We correlate oscillations in the hydrologic and/or cryologic balances of four Great Basin surface-water systems with Dansgaard-Oeschger (D-O) events 2-12. This correlation is relatively strong at the location of the magnetic signature used to link the lake records, but becomes less well constrained with distance/time from the signature. Comparison of proxy glacial and hydrologic records from Owens and Pyramid lakes indicates that Sierran glacial advances occurred during times of relative dryness. If our hypothesized correlation between the lake-based records and the GISP2 ??18O record is correct, it suggests that North Atlantic D-O stades were associated with relatively cold and dry conditions and that interstades were associated with relatively warm and wet conditions throughout the Great Basin between 50,500 and 27,000 GISP2yr B.P. The Great Basin lacustrine climate records reinforce the hypothesis that D-O events affected the climate throughout much of the Northern Hemisphere during marine isotope stages 2 and 3. However, the absolute phasing between lake-size and ice-core ??18O records remains difficult to determine.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary Science Reviews","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0277-3791(03)00210-5","issn":"02773791","usgsCitation":"Benson, L., Lund, S., Negrini, R., Linsley, B., and Zic, M., 2003, Response of North American Great Basin Lakes to Dansgaard-Oeschger oscillations: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 22, no. 21-22, p. 2239-2251, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0277-3791(03)00210-5.","startPage":"2239","endPage":"2251","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207752,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0277-3791(03)00210-5"},{"id":232939,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","issue":"21-22","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aaa1ae4b0c8380cd86148","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Benson, L.","contributorId":56793,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benson","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lund, S.","contributorId":84933,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lund","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Negrini, R.","contributorId":26390,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Negrini","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Linsley, B.","contributorId":33493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Linsley","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zic, M.","contributorId":21317,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zic","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70024713,"text":"70024713 - 2003 - Mineral precipitation and dissolution at two slag-disposal sites in northwestern Indiana, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-16T09:22:15","indexId":"70024713","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1539,"text":"Environmental Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mineral precipitation and dissolution at two slag-disposal sites in northwestern Indiana, USA","docAbstract":"<p>Slag is a ubiquitous byproduct of the iron- and steel-refining industries. In northwestern Indiana and northeastern Illinois, slag has been deposited over more than 52 km2 of land surface. Despite the widespread use of slag for fill and construction purposes, little is known about its chemical effects on the environment. Two slagdisposal sites were examined in northwestern Indiana where slag was deposited over the native glacial deposits. At a third site, where slag was not present, background conditions were defined. Samples were collected from cores and drill cuttings and described with scanning electron microscopy and electron microprobe analysis. Ground-water samples were collected and used to assess thermodynamic equilibria between authigenic minerals and existing conditions. Differences in the mineralogy at background and slag-affected sites were apparent. Calcite, dolomite, gypsum, iron oxides, and clay minerals were abundant in native sediments immediately beneath the slag. Mineral features indicated that these minerals precipitated rapidly from slag drainage and co-precipitated minor amounts of non-calcium metals and trace elements. Quartz fragments immediately beneath the slag showed extensive pitting that was not apparent in sediments from the background site, indicating chemical weathering by the hyperalkaline slag drainage. The environmental impacts of slag-related mineral precipitation include disruption of natural ground-water flow patterns and bed-sediment armoring in adjacent surface-water systems. Dissolution of native quartz by the hyperalkaline drainage may cause instability in structures situated over slag fill or in roadways comprised of slag aggregates.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00254-003-0875-1","issn":"09430105","usgsCitation":"Bayless, E., and Schulz, M.S., 2003, Mineral precipitation and dissolution at two slag-disposal sites in northwestern Indiana, USA: Environmental Geology, v. 45, no. 2, p. 252-261, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00254-003-0875-1.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"252","endPage":"261","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321027,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","county":"Lake, Porter, LaPorte","city":"Gary","otherGeospatial":"Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -87.51640319824219,\n              41.756971085614175\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.5225830078125,\n              41.55226945517221\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.41958618164062,\n              41.55226945517221\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.42095947265625,\n              41.76055653463573\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.51640319824219,\n              41.756971085614175\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -87.34062194824219,\n              41.64059153582049\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.33512878417969,\n              41.56716943961081\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.11952209472655,\n              41.589769752047076\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.86614990234375,\n              41.70931682567252\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.93275451660155,\n              41.74262728637672\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.34062194824219,\n              41.64059153582049\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"45","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a57a5e4b0c8380cd6ddec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bayless, E.R.","contributorId":67639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bayless","given":"E.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schulz, M. S.","contributorId":7299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schulz","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70024952,"text":"70024952 - 2003 - A new cation-exchange method for accurate field speciation of hexavalent chromium","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-19T07:12:04","indexId":"70024952","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3517,"text":"Talanta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A new cation-exchange method for accurate field speciation of hexavalent chromium","docAbstract":"A new method for field speciation of Cr(VI) has been developed to meet present stringent regulatory standards and to overcome the limitations of existing methods. The method consists of passing a water sample through strong acid cation-exchange resin at the field site, where Cr(III) is retained while Cr(VI) passes into the effluent and is preserved for later determination. The method is simple, rapid, portable, and accurate, and makes use of readily available, inexpensive materials. Cr(VI) concentrations are determined later in the laboratory using any elemental analysis instrument sufficiently sensitive to measure the Cr(VI) concentrations of interest. The new method allows measurement of Cr(VI) concentrations as low as 0.05 ??g 1-1, storage of samples for at least several weeks prior to analysis, and use of readily available analytical instrumentation. Cr(VI) can be separated from Cr(III) between pH 2 and 11 at Cr(III)/Cr(VI) concentration ratios as high as 1000. The new method has demonstrated excellent comparability with two commonly used methods, the Hach Company direct colorimetric method and USEPA method 218.6. The new method is superior to the Hach direct colorimetric method owing to its relative sensitivity and simplicity. The new method is superior to USEPA method 218.6 in the presence of Fe(II) concentrations up to 1 mg 1-1 and Fe(III) concentrations up to 10 mg 1-1. Time stability of preserved samples is a significant advantage over the 24-h time constraint specified for USEPA method 218.6.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0039-9140(03)00282-0","issn":"00399140","usgsCitation":"Ball, J., and McCleskey, R.B., 2003, A new cation-exchange method for accurate field speciation of hexavalent chromium: Talanta, v. 61, no. 3, p. 305-313, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0039-9140(03)00282-0.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"305","endPage":"313","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":232866,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":207705,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0039-9140(03)00282-0"}],"volume":"61","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e49de4b0c8380cd46782","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ball, J.W.","contributorId":67507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ball","given":"J.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCleskey, R. Blaine 0000-0002-2521-8052 rbmccles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2521-8052","contributorId":147399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCleskey","given":"R.","email":"rbmccles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Blaine","affiliations":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":403231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70025773,"text":"70025773 - 2003 - Baseflow and stormflow metal fluxes from two small agricultural catchments in the Coastal Plain of the Chesapeake Bay Basin, United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:23","indexId":"70025773","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Baseflow and stormflow metal fluxes from two small agricultural catchments in the Coastal Plain of the Chesapeake Bay Basin, United States","docAbstract":"Annual yields (fluxes per unit area) of Al, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, Cr, Co, As and Se were estimated for two small non-tidal stream catchments on the Eastern Shore of the Chesapeake Bay, United States - a poorly drained dissected-upland watershed in the Nanticoke River Basin, and a well-drained feeder tributary in the lower reaches of the Chester River Basin. Both watersheds are dominated by agriculture. A hydrograph-separation technique was used to determine the baseflow and stormflow components of metal yields, thus providing important insights into the effects of hydrology and climate on the transport of metals. Concentrations of suspended-sediment were used as a less-costly proxy of metal concentrations which are generally associated with particles. Results were compared to other studies in Chesapeake Bay and to general trends in metal concentrations across the United States. The study documented a larger than background yield of Zn and Co from the upper Nanticoke River Basin and possibly enriched concentrations of As, Cd and Se from both the upper Nanticoke River and the Chesterville Branch (a tributary of the lower Chester River). The annual yield of total Zn from the Nanticoke River Basin in 1998 was 18,000 g/km2/a, and was two to three times higher than yields reported from comparable river basins in the region. Concentrations of Cd also were high in both basins when compared to crustal concentrations and to other national data, but were within reasonable agreement with other Chesapeake Bay studies. Thus, Cd may be enriched locally either in natural materials or from agriculture.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Applied Geochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0883-2927(02)00103-8","issn":"08832927","usgsCitation":"Miller, C., Foster, G., and Majedi, B., 2003, Baseflow and stormflow metal fluxes from two small agricultural catchments in the Coastal Plain of the Chesapeake Bay Basin, United States: Applied Geochemistry, v. 18, no. 4, p. 483-501, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0883-2927(02)00103-8.","startPage":"483","endPage":"501","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208628,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0883-2927(02)00103-8"},{"id":234498,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059efd4e4b0c8380cd4a48c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, C.V.","contributorId":41026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"C.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Foster, G.D.","contributorId":98464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"G.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Majedi, B.F.","contributorId":108289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Majedi","given":"B.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70025805,"text":"70025805 - 2003 - Modeling Np and Pu transport with a surface complexation model and spatially variant sorption capacities: Implications for reactive transport modeling and performance assessments of nuclear waste disposal sites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-19T09:14:44","indexId":"70025805","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1315,"text":"Computers & Geosciences","printIssn":"0098-3004","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling Np and Pu transport with a surface complexation model and spatially variant sorption capacities: Implications for reactive transport modeling and performance assessments of nuclear waste disposal sites","docAbstract":"<p>One-dimensional (1D) geochemical transport modeling is used to demonstrate the effects of speciation and sorption reactions on the ground-water transport of Np and Pu, two redox-sensitive elements. Earlier 1D simulations (Reardon, 1981) considered the kinetically limited dissolution of calcite and its effect on ion-exchange reactions (involving<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>90</sup>Sr, Ca, Na, Mg and K), and documented the spatial variation of a<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>90</sup>Sr partition coefficient under both transient and steady-state chemical conditions. In contrast, the simulations presented here assume local equilibrium for all reactions, and consider sorption on constant potential, rather than constant charge, surfaces. Reardon's (1981) seminal findings on the spatial and temporal variability of partitioning (of<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>90</sup>Sr) are reexamined and found partially caused by his assumption of a kinetically limited reaction.</p><p>In the present work, sorption is assumed the predominant retardation process controlling Pu and Np transport, and is simulated using a diffuse-double-layer-surface-complexation (DDLSC) model. Transport simulations consider the infiltration of Np- and Pu-contaminated waters into an initially uncontaminated environment, followed by the cleanup of the resultant contamination with uncontaminated water. Simulations are conducted using different spatial distributions of sorption capacities (with the same total potential sorption capacity, but with different variances and spatial correlation structures). Results obtained differ markedly from those that would be obtained in transport simulations using constant<span>&nbsp;</span><i>K</i><sub>d</sub>, Langmuir or Freundlich sorption models. When possible, simulation results (breakthrough curves) are fitted to a constant<span>&nbsp;</span><i>K</i><sub>d</sub>advection–dispersion transport model and compared. Functional differences often are great enough that they prevent a meaningful fit of the simulation results with a constant<span>&nbsp;</span><i>K</i><sub>d</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>(or even a Langmuir or Freundlich) model, even in the case of Np, a weakly sorbed radionuclide under the simulation conditions. Functional behaviors that cannot be fit include concentration trend reversals and radionuclide desorption spikes. Other simulation results are fit successfully but the fitted parameters (<i>K</i><sub>d</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>and dispersivity) vary significantly depending on simulation conditions (e.g. “infiltration” vs. “cleanup” conditions). Notably, an increase in the variance of the specified sorption capacities results in a marked increase in the dispersion of the radionuclides.</p><p>The results presented have implications for the simulation of radionuclide migration in performance assessments of nuclear waste-disposal sites, for the future monitoring of those sites, and more generally for modeling contaminant transport in ground-water environments.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0098-3004(03)00009-8","issn":"00983004","usgsCitation":"Glynn, P.D., 2003, Modeling Np and Pu transport with a surface complexation model and spatially variant sorption capacities: Implications for reactive transport modeling and performance assessments of nuclear waste disposal sites: Computers & Geosciences, v. 29, no. 3, p. 331-349, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0098-3004(03)00009-8.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"331","endPage":"349","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":235008,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":208915,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0098-3004(03)00009-8"}],"volume":"29","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5bcae4b0c8380cd6f7e0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Glynn, P. D.","contributorId":7008,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glynn","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70026018,"text":"70026018 - 2003 - Modeling soil thermal and carbon dynamics of a fire chronosequence in interior Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-19T14:05:09.6048","indexId":"70026018","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2316,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling soil thermal and carbon dynamics of a fire chronosequence in interior Alaska","docAbstract":"<p><span>In this study, the dynamics of soil thermal, hydrologic, and ecosystem processes were coupled to project how the carbon budgets of boreal forests will respond to changes in atmospheric CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>, climate, and fire disturbance. The ability of the model to simulate gross primary production and ecosystem respiration was verified for a mature black spruce ecosystem in Canada, the age-dependent pattern of the simulated vegetation carbon was verified with inventory data on aboveground growth of Alaskan black spruce forests, and the model was applied to a postfire chronosequence in interior Alaska. The comparison between the simulated soil temperature and field-based estimates during the growing season (May to September) of 1997 revealed that the model was able to accurately simulate monthly temperatures at 10 cm (</span><i>R</i><span>&nbsp;&gt; 0.93) for control and burned stands of the fire chronosequence. Similarly, the simulated and field-based estimates of soil respiration for control and burned stands were correlated (</span><i>R</i><span>&nbsp;= 0.84 and 0.74 for control and burned stands, respectively). The simulated and observed decadal to century-scale dynamics of soil temperature and carbon dynamics, which are represented by mean monthly values of these variables during the growing season, were correlated among stands (</span><i>R</i><span>&nbsp;= 0.93 and 0.71 for soil temperature at 20- and 10-cm depths,&nbsp;</span><i>R</i><span>&nbsp;= 0.95 and 0.91 for soil respiration and soil carbon, respectively). Sensitivity analyses indicate that along with differences in fire and climate history a number of other factors influence the response of carbon dynamics to fire disturbance. These factors include nitrogen fixation, the growth of moss, changes in the depth of the organic layer, soil drainage, and fire severity.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2001jd001244","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Zhuang, Q., McGuire, A., O’Neill, K.P., Harden, J., Romanovsky, V., and Yarie, J., 2003, Modeling soil thermal and carbon dynamics of a fire chronosequence in interior Alaska: Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres, v. 108, no. 1, p. FFR 3-1-FFR 3-26, https://doi.org/10.1029/2001jd001244.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"FFR 3-1","endPage":"FFR 3-26","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":489827,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2001jd001244","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":388134,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Tanana River Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -142.75634765625,\n              63.25093928818513\n            ],\n            [\n              -142.62451171875,\n              63.50447451397417\n            ],\n            [\n              -144.9810791015625,\n              64.18724867664994\n            ],\n            [\n              -145.579833984375,\n              64.21832589114345\n            ],\n            [\n              -145.78857421875,\n              63.91564308935915\n            ],\n            [\n              -143.17932128906247,\n              63.21878040291831\n            ],\n            [\n              -142.921142578125,\n              63.15435519659187\n            ],\n            [\n              -142.75634765625,\n              63.25093928818513\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"108","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-12-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5c2be4b0c8380cd6fabb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhuang, Q.","contributorId":40772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhuang","given":"Q.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGuire, A. D.","contributorId":16552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"A. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"O’Neill, K. P.","contributorId":104935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Neill","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harden, J.W. 0000-0002-6570-8259","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6570-8259","contributorId":38585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"J.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Romanovsky, V.E.","contributorId":54721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Romanovsky","given":"V.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Yarie, J.","contributorId":92847,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yarie","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70025968,"text":"70025968 - 2003 - Sources of sulfate supporting anaerobic metabolism in a contaminated aquifer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-16T09:48:07","indexId":"70025968","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sources of sulfate supporting anaerobic metabolism in a contaminated aquifer","docAbstract":"<div class=\"hlFld-Abstract\"><div id=\"abstractBox\"><p class=\"articleBody_abstractText\">Field and laboratory techniques were used to identify the biogeochemical factors affecting sulfate reduction in a shallow, unconsolidated alluvial aquifer contaminated with landfill leachate. Depth profiles of<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>35</sup>S-sulfate reduction rates in aquifer sediments were positively correlated with the concentration of dissolved sulfate. Manipulation of the sulfate concentration in samples revealed a Michaelis−Menten-like relationship with an apparent<span>&nbsp;</span><i>K</i><sub>m</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>and<span>&nbsp;</span><i>V</i><sub>max</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>of approximately 80 and 0.83 μM SO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup><sup>2</sup>·day<sup>-</sup><sup>1</sup>, respectively. The concentration of sulfate in the core of the leachate plume was well below 20 μM and coincided with very low reduction rates. Thus, the concentration and availability of this anion could limit in situ sulfate-reducing activity. Three sulfate sources were identified, including iron sulfide oxidation, barite dissolution, and advective flux of sulfate. The relative importance of these sources varied with depth in the alluvium. The relatively high concentration of dissolved sulfate at the water table is attributed to the microbial oxidation of iron sulfides in response to fluctuations of the water table. At intermediate depths, barite dissolves in undersaturated pore water containing relatively high concentrations of dissolved barium (∼100 μM) and low concentrations of sulfate. Dissolution is consistent with the surface texture of detrital barite grains in contact with leachate. Laboratory incubations of unamended and barite-amended aquifer slurries supported the field observation of increasing concentrations of barium in solution when sulfate reached low levels. At a deeper highly permeable interval just above the confining bottom layer of the aquifer, sulfate reduction rates were markedly higher than rates at intermediate depths. Sulfate is supplied to this deeper zone by advection of uncontaminated groundwater beneath the landfill. The measured rates of sulfate reduction in the aquifer also correlated with the abundance of accumulated iron sulfide in this zone. This suggests that the current and past distributions of sulfate-reducing activity are similar and that the supply of sulfate has been sustained at these sites.</p></div></div><div class=\"hlFld-Fulltext\"><br data-mce-bogus=\"1\"></div>","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es011288a","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Ulrich, G., Breit, G.N., Cozzarelli, I., and Suflita, J., 2003, Sources of sulfate supporting anaerobic metabolism in a contaminated aquifer: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 37, no. 6, p. 1093-1099, https://doi.org/10.1021/es011288a.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1093","endPage":"1099","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":234614,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":208693,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es011288a"}],"volume":"37","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-02-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9393e4b08c986b31a580","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ulrich, G.A.","contributorId":86921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ulrich","given":"G.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Breit, G. N.","contributorId":94664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Breit","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cozzarelli, I.M. 0000-0002-5123-1007","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5123-1007","contributorId":22343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cozzarelli","given":"I.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Suflita, J.M.","contributorId":83303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Suflita","given":"J.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70185657,"text":"70185657 - 2003 - CALFED: An experiment in science and decisionmaking","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-28T16:14:22.114083","indexId":"70185657","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1522,"text":"Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"CALFED: An experiment in science and decisionmaking","docAbstract":"<p><span>The CALFED Bay-Delta Program faces a challenging assignment: to develop a collaborative state-federal management plan for the complex river system and involve multiple stakeholders (primarily municipal, agricultural, and environmental entities) whose interests frequently are in direct conflict. Although many resource-management issues involve multiple stakeholders and conflict is integral to their discussion, the CALFED experience is unique because of its shared state and federal roles, the magnitude and significance of stakeholder participation, and the complexity of the scientific issues involved.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Heldref Publications","doi":"10.1080/00139150309604521","usgsCitation":"Taylor, K.A., Jacobs, K.L., and Luoma, S.N., 2003, CALFED: An experiment in science and decisionmaking: Environment, v. 45, no. 1, p. 30-41, https://doi.org/10.1080/00139150309604521.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"30","endPage":"41","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":387509,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58da251ce4b0543bf7fda810","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Taylor, Kimberly A. 0000-0002-0095-6403 ktaylor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0095-6403","contributorId":1601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Kimberly","email":"ktaylor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":686255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jacobs, Katharine L.","contributorId":189055,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jacobs","given":"Katharine","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Luoma, Samuel N. 0000-0001-5443-5091 snluoma@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5443-5091","contributorId":2287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luoma","given":"Samuel","email":"snluoma@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":686257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70026111,"text":"70026111 - 2003 - Hydric soils in a southeastern Oregon vernal pool","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-22T19:23:06.679639","indexId":"70026111","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3420,"text":"Soil Science Society of America Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydric soils in a southeastern Oregon vernal pool","docAbstract":"<p><span>Vernal pools on the High Lava Plain of the northern Great Basin become ponded in most years, but their soils exhibit weak redoximorphic features indicative of hydric conditions. We studied the hydrology, temperature, redox potentials, soil chemistry, and soil morphology of a vernal pool to determine if the soils are hydric, and to evaluate hydric soil field indicators. We collected data for 3 yr from piezometers, Pt electrodes, and thermocouples. Soil and water samples were analyzed for pH, organic C, and extractable Fe and Mn. Soils were ponded from January through April or May, but subsurface saturation was never detected. Soil temperatures 50 cm below the surface rose above 5°C by March. Clayey Bt horizons perched water and limited saturation to the upper 10 cm. Redox potentials at a 5-cm depth were often between 200 and 300 mV, indicating anaerobic conditions, but producing soluble Fe</span><sup>2+</sup><span>&nbsp;concentrations &lt;1 mg L</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;Extractable soil Fe contents indicated Fe depletion from pool surface horizons and accumulation at or near the upper Bt1 horizon. Depletions and concentrations did not satisfy the criteria of any current hydric soil indicators. We recommend development of new indicators based on acceptance of fewer, less distinct redox concentrations for recognition of a depleted A horizon, and on presence of a thin zone containing redox concentrations located in the upper part of the near-surface perching horizon.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Agronomy","doi":"10.2136/sssaj2003.0951","issn":"03615995","usgsCitation":"Clausnitzer, D., Huddleston, J., Horn, E., Keller, M., and Leet, C., 2003, Hydric soils in a southeastern Oregon vernal pool: Soil Science Society of America Journal, v. 67, no. 3, p. 951-960, https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2003.0951.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"951","endPage":"960","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":388333,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"67","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a330fe4b0c8380cd5ecc2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clausnitzer, D.","contributorId":107160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clausnitzer","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Huddleston, J.H.","contributorId":67781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huddleston","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Horn, E.","contributorId":26940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horn","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Keller, Michael","contributorId":42681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keller","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Leet, C.","contributorId":58909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leet","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70194921,"text":"70194921 - 2003 - Determining temperature and thermal properties for heat-based studies of surface-water ground-water interactions: Appendix A of <i>Heat as a tool for studying the movement of ground water near streams (Cir1260)</i>","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70194921,"text":"70194921 - 2003 - Determining temperature and thermal properties for heat-based studies of surface-water ground-water interactions: Appendix A of <i>Heat as a tool for studying the movement of ground water near streams (Cir1260)</i>","indexId":"70194921","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"chapter":"Appendix A","title":"Determining temperature and thermal properties for heat-based studies of surface-water ground-water interactions: Appendix A of <i>Heat as a tool for studying the movement of ground water near streams (Cir1260)</i>"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":52668,"text":"cir1260 - 2003 - Heat as a tool for studying the movement of ground water near streams","indexId":"cir1260","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"title":"Heat as a tool for studying the movement of ground water near streams"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":52668,"text":"cir1260 - 2003 - Heat as a tool for studying the movement of ground water near streams","indexId":"cir1260","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"title":"Heat as a tool for studying the movement of ground water near streams"},"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-09T17:10:25","indexId":"70194921","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"chapter":"Appendix A","title":"Determining temperature and thermal properties for heat-based studies of surface-water ground-water interactions: Appendix A of <i>Heat as a tool for studying the movement of ground water near streams (Cir1260)</i>","docAbstract":"<p>Advances in electronics leading to improved sensor technologies, large-scale circuit integration, and attendant miniaturization have created new opportunities to use heat as a tracer of subsurface flow. Because nature provides abundant thermal forcing at the land surface, heat is particularly useful in studying stream-groundwater interactions. This appendix describes methods for obtaining the thermal data needed in heat-based investigations of shallow subsurface flow.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Heat as a tool for studying the movement of ground water near streams (Cir1260)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Stonestrom, D.A., and Blasch, K.W., 2003, Determining temperature and thermal properties for heat-based studies of surface-water ground-water interactions: Appendix A of <i>Heat as a tool for studying the movement of ground water near streams (Cir1260)</i>, 8 p.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"73","endPage":"80","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":350768,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/2003/circ1260/pdf/Circ1260.pdf#page=73"},{"id":350769,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a7040d8e4b06e28e9cae501","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Stonestrom, David A. 0000-0001-7883-3385 dastones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7883-3385","contributorId":2280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stonestrom","given":"David","email":"dastones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":726126,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Constantz, Jim","contributorId":66338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Constantz","given":"Jim","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":726127,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Stonestrom, David A. 0000-0001-7883-3385 dastones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7883-3385","contributorId":2280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stonestrom","given":"David","email":"dastones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":726124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blasch, Kyle W. 0000-0002-0590-0724 kblasch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0590-0724","contributorId":1631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blasch","given":"Kyle","email":"kblasch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":726125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70175301,"text":"70175301 - 2003 - Climate science issues and needs of the CALFED Bay-Delta Program","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-04-07T00:35:18.931564","indexId":"70175301","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Climate science issues and needs of the CALFED Bay-Delta Program","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Meteorological Society, 83rd Annual Meeting, Impacts of Water Availability Symposium","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"American Meteorological Society, 83rd Annual Meeting, Impacts of Water Availability Symposium","conferenceDate":"February 8-13, 2003","conferenceLocation":"Long Beach, CA","language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorological Society","usgsCitation":"Dettinger, M.D., Bennett, W., Cayan, D., Florsheim, J., Hughes, M., Ingram, B., Jassby, A., Knowles, N., Malamud, F., Peterson, D.H., Redmond, K., and Smith, L., 2003, Climate science issues and needs of the CALFED Bay-Delta Program, <i>in</i> American Meteorological Society, 83rd Annual Meeting, Impacts of Water Availability Symposium, Long Beach, CA, February 8-13, 2003, p. 7.11-1-7.11-4.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"7.11-1","endPage":"7.11-4","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326105,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57a46731e4b0ebae89b63cad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dettinger, M. D. 0000-0002-7509-7332","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-7332","contributorId":93069,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dettinger","given":"M.","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":16196,"text":"Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":644733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bennett, W.A.","contributorId":100572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennett","given":"W.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cayan, D.R.","contributorId":25961,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cayan","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16196,"text":"Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":644735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Florsheim, J.","contributorId":173449,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Florsheim","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hughes, M.","contributorId":102699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hughes","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ingram, B.L.","contributorId":51731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingram","given":"B.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Jassby, A.D.","contributorId":43798,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jassby","given":"A.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Knowles, N.","contributorId":61212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knowles","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Malamud, F.","contributorId":173450,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Malamud","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Peterson, D. H.","contributorId":92229,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"D.","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Redmond, K.","contributorId":48355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Redmond","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Smith, L.","contributorId":23477,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
,{"id":70025745,"text":"70025745 - 2003 - Interactions between dissolved organic matter and mercury in the Florida Everglades","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-05T14:38:20","indexId":"70025745","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2138,"text":"Journal De Physique. IV : JP","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interactions between dissolved organic matter and mercury in the Florida Everglades","docAbstract":"<p><span>Experiments were conducted using organic matter isolated from various surface waters in the Florida Everglades to study the interactions between dissolved organic matter (DOM) and Hg (II). Conditional distribution coefficients (&nbsp;</span><img src=\"https://jp4.journaldephysique.org/articles/jp4/abs/2003/05/jp4pr5p029/img1.gif\" border=\"0\" alt=\"$K_{DOM^\\prime}$\" width=\"49\" height=\"26\" align=\"MIDDLE\" data-mce-src=\"https://jp4.journaldephysique.org/articles/jp4/abs/2003/05/jp4pr5p029/img1.gif\"><span>), obtained using an equilibriurn dialysis ligand exchange method, were strongly affected by the Hg/DOM concentration ratio. Very strong interactions (&nbsp;</span><img src=\"https://jp4.journaldephysique.org/articles/jp4/abs/2003/05/jp4pr5p029/img2.gif\" border=\"0\" alt=\"$K_{{\\rm DOM}^\\prime}$\" width=\"46\" height=\"26\" align=\"MIDDLE\" data-mce-src=\"https://jp4.journaldephysique.org/articles/jp4/abs/2003/05/jp4pr5p029/img2.gif\"><span>&nbsp;= 10&nbsp;</span><img src=\"https://jp4.journaldephysique.org/articles/jp4/abs/2003/05/jp4pr5p029/img3.gif\" border=\"0\" alt=\"$^{23.2 \\pm 05}$\" width=\"43\" height=\"15\" align=\"BOTTOM\" data-mce-src=\"https://jp4.journaldephysique.org/articles/jp4/abs/2003/05/jp4pr5p029/img3.gif\"><span>&nbsp;L kg&nbsp;</span><sup>-1</sup><span>), indicative of Hg-thiol bonds, were observed at Hg/DOM ratios below approximately 1&nbsp;</span><img src=\"https://jp4.journaldephysique.org/articles/jp4/abs/2003/05/jp4pr5p029/img4.gif\" border=\"0\" alt=\"$\\mu$\" width=\"11\" height=\"25\" align=\"MIDDLE\" data-mce-src=\"https://jp4.journaldephysique.org/articles/jp4/abs/2003/05/jp4pr5p029/img4.gif\"><span>g Hg per mg DOM. Above approximately 10&nbsp;</span><img src=\"https://jp4.journaldephysique.org/articles/jp4/abs/2003/05/jp4pr5p029/img4.gif\" border=\"0\" alt=\"$\\mu$\" width=\"11\" height=\"25\" align=\"MIDDLE\" data-mce-src=\"https://jp4.journaldephysique.org/articles/jp4/abs/2003/05/jp4pr5p029/img4.gif\"><span>g Hg per mg DOM much lower&nbsp;</span><img src=\"https://jp4.journaldephysique.org/articles/jp4/abs/2003/05/jp4pr5p029/img2.gif\" border=\"0\" alt=\"$K_{{\\rm DOM}^\\prime}$\" width=\"46\" height=\"26\" align=\"MIDDLE\" data-mce-src=\"https://jp4.journaldephysique.org/articles/jp4/abs/2003/05/jp4pr5p029/img2.gif\"><span>&nbsp;values (&nbsp;</span><img src=\"https://jp4.journaldephysique.org/articles/jp4/abs/2003/05/jp4pr5p029/img5.gif\" border=\"0\" alt=\"$10^{10.7\\pm 05}$\" width=\"57\" height=\"14\" align=\"BOTTOM\" data-mce-src=\"https://jp4.journaldephysique.org/articles/jp4/abs/2003/05/jp4pr5p029/img5.gif\"><span>&nbsp;L kg&nbsp;</span><sup>-1</sup><span>) were obtained. DOM-Hg interactions were also studied by HgS (log K&nbsp;</span><img src=\"https://jp4.journaldephysique.org/articles/jp4/abs/2003/05/jp4pr5p029/img6.gif\" border=\"0\" alt=\"$_{\\rm sp}=-52.4$\" width=\"68\" height=\"25\" align=\"MIDDLE\" data-mce-src=\"https://jp4.journaldephysique.org/articles/jp4/abs/2003/05/jp4pr5p029/img6.gif\"><span>) dissolution and precipitation experiments. In the dissolution experiments, a significant amount of Hg was released from cinnabar in the presence of DOM, suggesting strong interactions. Conversely, precipitation of HgS was strongly inhibited in the presence of low concentrations (&nbsp;</span><img src=\"https://jp4.journaldephysique.org/articles/jp4/abs/2003/05/jp4pr5p029/img7.gif\" border=\"0\" alt=\"$\\leq$\" width=\"14\" height=\"25\" align=\"MIDDLE\" data-mce-src=\"https://jp4.journaldephysique.org/articles/jp4/abs/2003/05/jp4pr5p029/img7.gif\"><span>3 mg C/L) of DOM. In both the dissolution and precipitation experiments, organic matter rich in aromatic moities was more reactive with HgS than less aromatic fractions and sulfur-containing model compounds. These results suggest that DOM can influence the geochemistry of inorganic complexes of Hg in the Everglades, especially HgS, by strong Hg-DOM binding and colloidal stabilization.</span></p>","conferenceTitle":"XII International Conference on Heavy Metals in the Environment","conferenceDate":"May 26-30, 2003","conferenceLocation":"Grenoble, France","language":"English","publisher":"ECO Sciences ","doi":"10.1051/jp4:20030235","issn":"11554339","usgsCitation":"Aiken, G., Haitzer, M., Ryan, J.N., Nagy, K., and Aiken, G., 2003, Interactions between dissolved organic matter and mercury in the Florida Everglades: Journal De Physique. IV : JP, v. 107, no. I, p. 29-32, https://doi.org/10.1051/jp4:20030235.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"29","endPage":"32","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":234637,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Everglades","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -81.8756103515625,\n              25.08062377244484\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.15625,\n              25.08062377244484\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.15625,\n              26.377106813670053\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.8756103515625,\n              26.377106813670053\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.8756103515625,\n              25.08062377244484\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"107","issue":"I","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3cc0e4b0c8380cd62fe8","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Boutron C.Ferrari C.","contributorId":128414,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Boutron C.Ferrari C.","id":536573,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Aiken, G.","contributorId":82066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aiken","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haitzer, M.","contributorId":94812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haitzer","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ryan, J. N.","contributorId":102649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryan","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nagy, K.","contributorId":10969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nagy","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Aiken, George 0000-0001-8454-0984","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8454-0984","contributorId":208803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aiken","given":"George","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":778873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":51954,"text":"ofr0354 - 2003 - U.S. Geological Survey Greater Everglades Science Program: 2002 Biennial Report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-06T13:59:38.599699","indexId":"ofr0354","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"03-54","title":"U.S. Geological Survey Greater Everglades Science Program: 2002 Biennial Report","docAbstract":"<h1>Introduction</h1><p>The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) conducts scientific investigations in south Florida to improve society’s understanding of the environment and assist in the sustainable use, protection, and restoration of the Everglades and other ecosystems within the region. The investigations summarized in this document have been carried out under the Greater Everglades Science Program (previously known as the South Florida Ecosystem Program), which is part of the USGS Place-Based Studies initiative.</p><p>The USGS Placed-Based Studies initiative is a nationwide program that concentrates on areas with severe environmental problems. Through interdisciplinary investigations the Program provides sound scientific information on which to base informed resource management decisions. Individuals from all the USGS programs (hydrology, geology, biology, mapping) work together with other scientists to cover the diverse scientific disciplines involved in this complex and challenging task. The Greater Everglades Science Program began in 1995 as one of the initial Place-Based Studies programs and serves as a model for similar future collaborative studies. Placed-Based Studies are also being conducted in the San Francisco Bay area, Chesapeake Bay, the Platte River, Greater Yellowstone, Salton Sea, and the Mojave Desert.</p><p>The South Florida Ecosystem Program is part of a coordinated federal effort, under the South Florida Ecosystem Restoration Task Force. The Task Force was started in 1993, through interagency agreement, to coordinate the efforts of the agencies within six federal departments. In 1996, statutory authority formalized the Task Force and expanded it to include tribal, state, and local governments. The Task Force conducts its activities through the South Florida Ecosystem Working Group and teams, such as the Science Coordination Team. A Science Plan and Integrated Financial Plans are established to focus efforts and prevent duplicative efforts by the agencies.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr0354","usgsCitation":"Torres, A.E., Higer, A.L., Henkel, H., Mixson, P.R., Eggleston, J., Embry, T.L., and Clement, G., 2003, U.S. Geological Survey Greater Everglades Science Program: 2002 Biennial Report: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 03-54, 291 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr0354.","productDescription":"291 p.","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":4503,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0054/ofr03-54.pdf","text":"Report","size":"78.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 03-54"},{"id":179089,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0054/coverthb.jpg"}],"contact":"<p><a href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/cfwsc\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/cfwsc\">Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>3321 College Avenue<br>Davie, FL 33314</p><p><a href=\"../contact\" data-mce-href=\"../contact\">Contact Pubs Warehouse</a></p>","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2ce4b07f02db613a90","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Torres, Arturo E. aetorres@usgs.gov","contributorId":1397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torres","given":"Arturo","email":"aetorres@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":244527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Higer, Aaron L.","contributorId":52163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Higer","given":"Aaron","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":244530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Henkel, Heather S. hhenkel@usgs.gov","contributorId":2869,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henkel","given":"Heather S.","email":"hhenkel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":244528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mixson, Patsy R.","contributorId":79550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mixson","given":"Patsy","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":244532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Eggleston, Jane R.","contributorId":48956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eggleston","given":"Jane R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":244529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Embry, Teresa L.","contributorId":61503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Embry","given":"Teresa","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":244531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Clement, Gail","contributorId":84000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clement","given":"Gail","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":244533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":1015333,"text":"1015333 - 2003 - Multiple pathways for woody plant establishment on floodplains at local to regional scales","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-26T10:27:13","indexId":"1015333","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2242,"text":"Journal of Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multiple pathways for woody plant establishment on floodplains at local to regional scales","docAbstract":"<p>1. The structure and functioning of riverine ecosystems is dependent upon regional setting and the interplay of hydrologic regime and geomorphologic processes. We used a retrospective analysis to study recruitment along broad, alluvial valley segments (parks) and canyon segments of the unregulated Yampa River and the regulated Green River in the upper Colorado River basin, USA. We precisely aged 811 individuals of <i>Populus deltoides</i> ssp. <i>wislizenii</i> (native) and <i>Tamarix ramosissima</i> (exotic) from 182 wooded patches and determined the elevation and character of the germination surface for each. We used logistic regression to relate recruitment events (presence or absence of cohort) to five flow and two weather parameters.</p><p><br><span class=\"bullet\">2. </span>Woody plant establishment occurred via multiple pathways at patch, reach and segment scales. Recruitment occurred through establishment on (1) vertically accreting bars in the unregulated alluvial valley, (2) high alluvial floodplain surfaces during rare large flood events, (3) vertically accreting channel margin deposits in canyon pools and eddies, (4) vertically accreting intermittent/abandoned channels, (5) low elevation gravel bars and debris fans in canyons during multi-year droughts, and (6) bars and channels formed prior to flow regulation on the dammed river during controlled flood events.</p><p><br><span class=\"bullet\">3. </span>The Yampa River's peak flow was rarely included in models estimating the likelihood that recruitment would occur in any year. Flow variability and the interannual pattern of flows, rather than individual large floods, control most establishment.</p><p><br><span class=\"bullet\">4. </span>Regulation of the Green River flow since 1962 has had different effects on woody vegetation recruitment in canyons and valleys. The current regime mimics drought in a canyon setting, accelerating <i>Tamarix</i> invasion whereas in valleys the ongoing geomorphic adjustment of the channel, combined with reduced flow variability, has nearly eliminated <i>Populus</i> establishment<i>.</i></p><p><br><span class=\"bullet\">5. </span>A single year's flow or a particular pattern of flows over a sequence of years, whether natural or man-made, produces different recruitment opportunities in alluvial and canyon reaches, in diverse landforms within a particular river reach, and for <i>Populus</i> and <i>Tamarix</i>. The design of flows to restore riparian ecosystems must consider these multiple pathways and adjust the seasonal timing, magnitude and interannual frequency of flows to match the desired outcome.<br><br></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1046/j.1365-2745.2003.00766.x","usgsCitation":"Cooper, D., Andersen, D., and Chimner, R.A., 2003, Multiple pathways for woody plant establishment on floodplains at local to regional scales: Journal of Ecology, v. 91, no. 2, p. 182-196, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2745.2003.00766.x.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"182","endPage":"196","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478422,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2745.2003.00766.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":133185,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"91","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b02e4b07f02db698b55","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cooper, D.J.","contributorId":89489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cooper","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Andersen, D.C.","contributorId":19119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andersen","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chimner, Rodney A.","contributorId":53346,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chimner","given":"Rodney","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":17860,"text":"Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":322912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1001017,"text":"1001017 - 2003 - Differences in sedge fen vegetation upstream and downstream from a managed impoundment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-15T22:28:56.349715","indexId":"1001017","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":737,"text":"American Midland Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Differences in sedge fen vegetation upstream and downstream from a managed impoundment","docAbstract":"<p><span>The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service proposed the restoration of wetlands impacted by a series of drainage ditches and pools located in an extensive undeveloped peatland in the Seney National Wildlife Refuge, Michigan. This study examined the nature and extent of degradation to the Marsh Creek wetlands caused by alteration of natural hydrology by a water-storage pool (C-3 Pool) that intersects the Marsh Creek channel. We tested the hypothesis that a reduction in moderate-intensity disturbance associated with natural water-level fluctuations below the C-3 dike contributed to lower species richness, reduced floristic quality and a larger tree and shrub component than vegetation upstream from the pool. Wetland plant communities were sampled quantitatively and analyzed for species richness, floristic quality and physiognomy. Aerial photographs, GIS databases and GPS data contributed to the characterization and analysis of the Marsh Creek wetlands. Results showed that there was lower species richness in vegetated areas downstream from the pool, but not the anticipated growth in shrubs. Wetland vegetation upstream and downstream from the pool had similar floristic quality, except for a greater number of weedy taxa above the pool. Seepage through the pool dike and localized ground-water discharge created conditions very similar to those observed around beaver dams in Marsh Creek. In essence, the dike containing the C-3 Pool affected hydrology and wetland plant communities in a manner similar to an enormous beaver dam, except that it did not allow seasonal flooding episodes to occur. Management actions to release water from the pool into the original Marsh Creek channel at certain times and in certain amounts that mimic the natural flow regime would be expected to promote greater plant species richness and minimize the negative impacts of the dike.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.1674/0003-0031(2003)150[0199:DISFVU]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Kowalski, K., and Wilcox, D.A., 2003, Differences in sedge fen vegetation upstream and downstream from a managed impoundment: American Midland Naturalist, v. 150, no. 2, p. 199-220, https://doi.org/10.1674/0003-0031(2003)150[0199:DISFVU]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"199","endPage":"220","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478476,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12648/2330","text":"External Repository"},{"id":387203,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"150","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65d75a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kowalski, Kurt P. 0000-0002-8424-4701 kkowalski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8424-4701","contributorId":3768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kowalski","given":"Kurt P.","email":"kkowalski@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":310222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilcox, Douglas A.","contributorId":36880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilcox","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1015111,"text":"1015111 - 2003 - Natural flooding and dams: Effects on riparian systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-22T18:07:35","indexId":"1015111","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3449,"text":"Southwest Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Natural flooding and dams: Effects on riparian systems","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.<br data-mce-bogus=\"1\"></p>","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Shafroth, P., 2003, Natural flooding and dams: Effects on riparian systems: Southwest Hydrology, v. 2, no. March/April, p. 20-21, 27.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"20","endPage":"21, 27","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131322,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","issue":"March/April","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b00e4b07f02db6982ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shafroth, P.","contributorId":98665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shafroth","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70175053,"text":"70175053 - 2003 - Linking diurnal cycles of river flow to interannual variations in climate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-01T17:39:32.84327","indexId":"70175053","displayToPublicDate":"2002-02-20T14:30:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Linking diurnal cycles of river flow to interannual variations in climate","docAbstract":"<p><span>Many rivers in the Western United States have diurnal variations exceeding 10% of their mean flow in the spring and summer months. The shape and timing of the diurnal cycle is influenced by an interplay of the snow, topography, vegetation, and meteorology in a basin, and the measured result differs between wet and dry years. The largest interannual differences occur during the latter half of the melt season, as the snowline retreats to the highest elevations and most shaded slopes in a basin. In most basins, during this period, the hour of peak discharge shifts to later in the day, and the relative amplitude of the diurnal cycle decreases. The magnitude and rate of these changes in the diurnal cycle vary between years and may provide clues about how long- term hydroclimatic variations affect short-term basin dynamics.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"largerWorkTitle":"17th Conference on Hydrology - 2003 AMS Annual Meeting","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"conferenceTitle":"83rd Meeting of the American Meteorological Society, 17th Conference","conferenceDate":"February 9, 2003","conferenceLocation":"Long Beach, CA","language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorological Society","publisherLocation":"Lowell, MA","usgsCitation":"Lundquist, J., and Dettinger, M., 2003, Linking diurnal cycles of river flow to interannual variations in climate, <i>in</i> 17th Conference on Hydrology - 2003 AMS Annual Meeting, Long Beach, CA, February 9, 2003, p. 1-5.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"5","numberOfPages":"5","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325835,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Western United States","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -126.5625,\n              31.653381399664\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.35937499999999,\n              31.653381399664\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.35937499999999,\n              49.26780455063753\n            ],\n            [\n              -126.5625,\n              49.26780455063753\n            ],\n            [\n              -126.5625,\n              31.653381399664\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"579c7e2be4b0589fa1ca1204","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lundquist, Jessica D.","contributorId":12792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lundquist","given":"Jessica D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":643729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dettinger, Michael D. 0000-0002-7509-7332 mddettin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-7332","contributorId":146383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dettinger","given":"Michael D.","email":"mddettin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":643730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":51982,"text":"wri034045 - 2003 - Comprehensive water quality of the Boulder Creek Watershed, Colorado, during high-flow and low-flow conditions, 2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-20T22:28:43.026829","indexId":"wri034045","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-08T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"03-4045","title":"Comprehensive water quality of the Boulder Creek Watershed, Colorado, during high-flow and low-flow conditions, 2000","docAbstract":"<h1>Executive Summary</h1><p>The Boulder Creek Watershed, Colorado, is 1160 square kilometers in area and ranges in elevation from 1480 to 4120 meters above sea level. Streamflow originates primarily as snowmelt near the Continental Divide, and thus discharge varies seasonally and annually (Chapter 1). Most of the water in Boulder Creek is diverted for domestic, agricultural, and industrial use. Some diverted water is returned to the creek as wastewater effluent and by ditch returns, and additional water enters as groundwater and by transbasin diversions. These diversions and returns lead to complex temporal and spatial variations in discharge. The variations in discharge, along with natural factors such as geology and climate, and anthropogenic factors such as wastewater treatment, agriculture, mining, and urbanization, can affect water chemistry. As with many watersheds in the American West, dependable water quality and sufficient water supply are issues facing local water managers and users. </p><p>Detailed water-quality and sediment sampling allows the identification of sources and sinks of chemical constituents and an understanding of the processes at work in a river system. This study, the most comprehensive water-quality analysis performed for Boulder Creek to date, was a cooperative effort of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the city of Boulder. Geographic information systems and modeling programs were used to delineate watershed boundaries, land cover, and geology (Chapter 2). During high-flow (June 2000) and low-flow (October 2000) conditions, researchers evaluated 226 water-quality variables, including basic water-quality indicators (Chapter 3), major ions and trace elements (Chapter 4), wastewater-derived organic compounds (Chapter 5), and pesticides (Chapter 6). Discharge (Chapter 1) and bed-sediment particle size and mineralogy (Chapter 7) were also evaluated. This cooperative study was facilitated by the Boulder Area&nbsp;Sustainability Information Network (BASIN), which provides public access to environmental information about the Boulder Creek Watershed on a website, www.basin.org. In addition to the USGS and city of Boulder data, researchers at the Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research at the University of Colorado provided water chemistry data for the headwaters of North Boulder Creek, upstream of the reach of the USGS/city of Boulder sampling sites (Chapter 8). &nbsp;</p><p>Snowmelt produces high flows in Boulder Creek in late spring to early summer (Chapter 1). Because precipitation falling in the headwaters is very dilute (specific conductance about 5 microsiemens per centimeter), most chemical constituents are present in lower concentrations during high flows (Chapters 3, 4, 5, 6, and 8). However, concentrations of some constituents, such as total suspended solids (Chapter 3) and organic carbon (Chapter 5), increase during the spring snowmelt flush.&nbsp;</p><p> The upper basin, which consists of alpine, subalpine, montane, and foothills regions west of the mouth of Boulder Canyon, is underlain by Precambrian igneous and metamorphic rocks (Chapter 1). Major dissolved inorganic constituents in headwater sites were found to be enriched by factors of 10 to 20 relative to precipitation; this is consistent with minor weathering of the local crystalline bedrock (Chapter 4). Some anthropogenic input is observed in the headwaters; precipitation introduces nitrogen derived from fossil fuel combustion and agricultural activities (Chapter 8).</p><p>The lower basin, which consists of the plains region east of the mouth of Boulder Canyon, is underlain by Mesozoic sedimentary rock and Quaternary alluvium, and has substantially more anthropogenic sources. Concentrations of most dissolved inorganic constituents increased in the lower basin. Differentiation between natural and anthropogenic sources of some dissolved constituents is difficult because both sources contribute to the water composition in this region. The increase of most major constituents&nbsp;(bicarbonate, calcium, chloride, magnesium, sodium, and sulfate) is consistent with weathering of the underlying sedimentary bedrock (Chapter 4). It is likely that anthropogenic loading of constituents in this reach occurs during storm events. Fecal coliform concentrations were variable and in some cases exceeded state standards, primarily during low-flow conditions (Chapter 3).</p><p>Effluent from Boulder’s 75th Street Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) has a substantial impact on the water chemistry of lower Boulder Creek. The WWTP increases the concentrations of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus (Chapter 3), major ions and trace metals (Chapter 4), and organic carbon (Chapter 5) in Boulder Creek. The effluent contained a spike in gadolinium, a rare earth element that is ingested for magnetic resonance imaging as a contrasting agent and then excreted to the urban wastewater system. The effluent also contained trace organic compounds such as surfactants, pharmaceuticals, hormones (Chapter 5), and pesticides (Chapter 6), which also were detected at downstream Boulder Creek sites. Water chemistry of Boulder Creek downstream of the WWTP is largely controlled by the degree of dilution of the wastewater effluent, which varies depending on the baseflow of Boulder Creek, the volume of wastewater effluent, and depletion by agricultural diversions. Coal Creek, a tributary of Boulder Creek, contains wastewater effluent from four additional WWTPs, and increases the load of many constituents in Boulder Creek. In addition to the impact from wastewater effluent, lower Boulder&nbsp;Creek is affected by agricultural land use. Eleven of 84 analyzed pesticides were detected in Boulder Creek or its inflows, primarily in the eastern section of the watershed (Chapter 6).&nbsp;</p><p>This collaborative study provides an in-depth evaluation of the hydrology, water chemistry, and sediment mineralogy of North Boulder Creek, Middle Boulder Creek, Boulder Creek, and major inflows. The detailed sampling and analysis in this report provide a baseline for future reference, as well as information on the effect of land use and geology on water chemistry. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri034045","usgsCitation":"Murphy, S.F., Verplanck, P.L., and Barber, L.B., 2003, Comprehensive Water Quality of the Boulder Creek Watershed, Colorado, During High-Flow and Low-Flow Conditions, 2000: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 03-4045, 198 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034045.","productDescription":"xiii, 198 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":366653,"rank":10,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4045/wri20034025_Chapter6.pdf","text":"Report Chapter 6","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRIR 2003-4025 Chapter 6"},{"id":366651,"rank":8,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4045/wri20034025_Chapter4.pdf","text":"Report Chapter 4","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRIR 2003-4025 Chapter 4"},{"id":366649,"rank":6,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4045/wri20034025_Chapter2.pdf","text":"Report Chapter 2","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRIR 2003-4025 Chapter 2"},{"id":366648,"rank":5,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4045/wri20034025_Chapter1.pdf","text":"Report Chapter 1","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRIR 2003-4025 Chapter 1"},{"id":422749,"rank":14,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_62004.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":366647,"rank":4,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4045/wri20034025_ExecSummary.pdf","text":"Executive Summary","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRIR 2003-4025 Executive Summary"},{"id":366655,"rank":12,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4045/wri20034025_Chapter8.pdf","text":"Report Chapter 8","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRIR 2003-4025 Chapter 8"},{"id":366654,"rank":11,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4045/wri20034025_Chapter7.pdf","text":"Report Chapter 7","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRIR 2003-4025 Chapter 7"},{"id":366656,"rank":13,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4045/wri20034025_Errata.pdf","text":"Errata","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRIR 2003-4025 Errata"},{"id":366652,"rank":9,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4045/wri20034025_Chapter5.pdf","text":"Report Chapter 5","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRIR 2003-4025 Chapter 5"},{"id":366650,"rank":7,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4045/wri20034025_Chapter3.pdf","text":"Report Chapter 3","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRIR 2003-4025 Chapter 3"},{"id":179190,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4045/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":366644,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4045/wri20034025.pdf","text":"Entire Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRIR 2003-4025"},{"id":366646,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4045/wri20034025_Foreword.pdf","text":"Report Foreword","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRIR 2003-4025 Foreword"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Boulder Creek Watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -106.029052734375,\n              39.806426117299374\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.1888427734375,\n              39.806426117299374\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.1888427734375,\n              40.29419163838167\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.029052734375,\n              40.29419163838167\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.029052734375,\n              39.806426117299374\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","contact":"<p>Director, <a href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/mission-areas/water-resources\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/mission-areas/water-resources\">Earth System Processes Division, Water Resources Mission Area</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>3215 Marine St., Suite E-127<br>Boulder, CO 80303</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Foreword</li><li>Executive Summary</li><li>CHAPTER 1- Environmental Setting and Hydrology of the Boulder Creek Watershed, Colorado</li><li>CHAPTER 2- Delineation and Characterization of the Boulder Creek Watershed and its Sub-Watersheds</li><li>CHAPTER 3- Basic Water Quality in the Boulder Creek Watershed, Colorado, During High-Flow and Low-Flow Conditions, 2000</li><li>CHAPTER 4- Inorganic Water Chemistry of the Boulder Creek Watershed, Colorado, During High-Flow and Low-Flow Conditions, 2000</li><li>CHAPTER 5- Natural and Contaminant Organic Compounds in the Boulder Creek Watershed, Colorado, During High-Flow and Low-Flow Conditions, 2000 During High-Flow and Low-Flow Conditions, 2000</li><li>CHAPTER 6- Pesticides in the Boulder Creek Watershed, Colorado, During High-Flow and Low-Flow Conditions, 2000</li><li>CHAPTER 7- Quantitative Mineralogy and Particle-Size Distribution of Bed Sediments in the Boulder Creek Watershed, Colorado</li><li>CHAPTER 8- Headwater Catchments of North Boulder Creek, Colorado</li></ul>","publishedDate":"2006-04-20","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-04-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b19e4b07f02db6a7f52","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Murphy, Sheila F. 0000-0002-5481-3635 sfmurphy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5481-3635","contributorId":1854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murphy","given":"Sheila","email":"sfmurphy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":749284,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Verplanck, Philip L. 0000-0002-3653-6419 plv@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3653-6419","contributorId":728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verplanck","given":"Philip","email":"plv@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":768700,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barber, Larry B. 0000-0002-0561-0831 lbbarber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0561-0831","contributorId":921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barber","given":"Larry","email":"lbbarber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":768701,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":53976,"text":"wri034117 - 2003 - Metal interferences and their removal prior to the determination of As(T) and As(III) in acid mine waters by hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-16T11:10:19","indexId":"wri034117","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4117","title":"Metal interferences and their removal prior to the determination of As(T) and As(III) in acid mine waters by hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry","docAbstract":"Hydride generation atomic absorption\r\nspectrometry (HGAAS) is a sensitive and\r\nselective method for the determination of total\r\narsenic (arsenic(III) plus arsenic(V)) and\r\narsenic(III); however, it is subject to metal\r\ninterferences for acid mine waters. Sodium\r\nborohydride is used to produce arsine gas, but\r\nhigh metal concentrations can suppress arsine\r\nproduction.\r\n\r\nThis report investigates interferences of\r\nsixteen metal species including aluminum,\r\nantimony(III), antimony(V), cadmium,\r\nchromium(III), chromium(IV), cobalt,\r\ncopper(II), iron(III), iron(II), lead,\r\nmanganese, nickel, selenium(IV),\r\nselenium(VI), and zinc ranging in\r\nconcentration from 0 to 1,000 milligrams per\r\nliter and offers a method for removing\r\ninterfering metal cations with cation exchange\r\nresin. The degree of interference for each\r\nmetal without cation-exchange on the\r\ndetermination of total arsenic and arsenic(III)\r\nwas evaluated by spiking synthetic samples\r\ncontaining arsenic(III) and arsenic(V) with\r\nthe potential interfering metal. Total arsenic\r\nrecoveries ranged from 92 to 102 percent for\r\nall metals tested except antimony(III) and\r\nantimony(V) which suppressed arsine\r\nformation when the antimony(III)/total\r\narsenic molar ratio exceeded 4 or the\r\nantimony(V)/total arsenic molar ratio\r\nexceeded 2. Arsenic(III) recoveries for\r\nsamples spiked with aluminum,\r\nchromium(III), cobalt, iron(II), lead,\r\nmanganese, nickel, selenium(VI), and zinc ranged from 84 to 107 percent over the entire\r\nconcentration range tested. Low arsenic(III)\r\nrecoveries occurred when the molar ratios of\r\nmetals to arsenic(III) were copper greater than\r\n120, iron(III) greater than 70, chromium(VI)\r\ngreater than 2, cadmium greater than 800,\r\nantimony(III) greater than 3, antimony(V)\r\ngreater than 12, or selenium(IV) greater than\r\n1. Low recoveries result when interfering\r\nmetals compete for available sodium\r\nborohydride, causing incomplete arsine\r\nproduction, or when the interfering metal\r\noxidizes arsenic(III).\r\nSeparation of interfering metal cations\r\nusing cation-exchange prior to hydridegeneration\r\npermits accurate arsenic(III)\r\ndeterminations in acid mine waters containing\r\nhigh concentrations of interfering metals.\r\nStabilization of the arsenic redox species for\r\nas many as 15 months is demonstrated for\r\nsamples that have been properly filtered and\r\nacidified with HCl in the field. The detection\r\nlimits for the method described in this report\r\nare 0.1 micrograms per liter for total arsenic\r\nand 0.8 micrograms per liter for arsenic(III).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri034117","usgsCitation":"McCleskey, R.B., Nordstrom, D.K., and Ball, J.W., 2003, Metal interferences and their removal prior to the determination of As(T) and As(III) in acid mine waters by hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4117, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034117.","productDescription":"20 p.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":177323,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":4917,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri03-4117/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4be4b07f02db625ada","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCleskey, R. Blaine 0000-0002-2521-8052 rbmccles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2521-8052","contributorId":147399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCleskey","given":"R.","email":"rbmccles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Blaine","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":248830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nordstrom, D. Kirk 0000-0003-3283-5136 dkn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3283-5136","contributorId":749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nordstrom","given":"D.","email":"dkn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Kirk","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":248832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ball, James W.","contributorId":38946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ball","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":44646,"text":"wri034005 - 2003 - Salinity and temperature in South San Francisco Bay, California, at Dumbarton Bridge: Results from the 1999-2002 water years and an overview of previous data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-10T19:04:45","indexId":"wri034005","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4005","title":"Salinity and temperature in South San Francisco Bay, California, at Dumbarton Bridge: Results from the 1999-2002 water years and an overview of previous data","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri034005","usgsCitation":"Schemel, L.E., Brown, R.L., and Bell, N.W., 2003, Salinity and temperature in South San Francisco Bay, California, at Dumbarton Bridge: Results from the 1999-2002 water years and an overview of previous data: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4005, 37 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034005.","productDescription":"37 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":168927,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3754,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri034005/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.947998046875,\n              37.31775185163688\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.904296875,\n              37.31775185163688\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.904296875,\n              38.151837403006766\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.947998046875,\n              38.151837403006766\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.947998046875,\n              37.31775185163688\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ee4b07f02db5fe04c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schemel, Laurence E. lschemel@usgs.gov","contributorId":4085,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schemel","given":"Laurence","email":"lschemel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":230184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brown, Randall L.","contributorId":58703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Randall","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bell, Norton W.","contributorId":46592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bell","given":"Norton","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":47515,"text":"wri024204 - 2003 - Simulation of the shallow aquifer in the vicinity of Silver Lake, Washington County, Wisconsin, using analytic elements","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-28T18:58:04.096795","indexId":"wri024204","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-4204","title":"Simulation of the shallow aquifer in the vicinity of Silver Lake, Washington County, Wisconsin, using analytic elements","docAbstract":"<p>Shallow ground-water flow in the vicinity of Silver Lake, Washington County, Wisconsin, was investigated to develop an understanding of the hydrology of the shallow aquifer, define a water balance for the lake, delineate ground-water recharge areas for the lake, and to estimate solute flux toward the lake. A single-layer, steady-state, analytic-element model was used to simulate shallow ground-water flow. Regional model parameters include a recharge rate of 4 inches per year, hydraulic conductivity of 50 feet per day and a model base of 800 feet above sea level. A model inhomogeneity was added to represent deviations from these regional values for an area roughly coincident with the Kettle Moraine Area that trends through the study area. Model calibration was accomplished by varying the regional parameter values and those of the inhomogeneity through trial-and-error to determine a best-fit match between simulated and measured values for head and streamflow targets. There was no change to the regional parameter values as a result of calibration, however, the calibrated values for the inhomogeneity are: recharge rate of 12 inches per year, hydraulic conductivity of 20 feet per day, and a model base of 900 feet. These changes represent a four- to five-fold reduction in transmissivity within the inhomogeneity as compared to the regional model.</p>\n<p>A Silver Lake water budget was defined using both published hydrologic data and simulations using the calibrated model. Model simulations show that 1.08 cubic feet per second of ground water enters Silver Lake on the upgradient (primarily western) side and 0.08 cubic feet per second recharges to ground water on the downgradient (primarily eastern) side. Net precipitation (precipitation minus evaporation) on the lake is 0.04 cubic feet per second. Collectively, these water-budget terms provide a residual value of 1.04 cubic feet per second flow to Silver Creek at the north end of Silver Lake, which is a very good match to the range of measured flow (0.7 to 5.2 cubic feet per second). Ground-water recharge areas for Silver Lake are largely on the western side of the lake. The recharge area for the northern two-thirds of Silver Lake is west toward Big Cedar Lake. Assuming a porosity of 20 percent, model results indicate that the 50-year time-of-travel for recharge to Silver Lake does not extend to Big Cedar Lake. The recharge area for the southern one-third of Silver Lake is west toward Little Cedar Lake. Model results indicate that time of travel for recharge to Silver Lake from Little Cedar Lake is about 15 to 20 years. For travel times greater than 15 or 20 years, the ground-water recharge area for Little Cedar Lake and inflow from Big Cedar Lake also should be considered recharge affecting Silver Lake. Solute flux toward Silver Lake was calculated based on simulated ground-water flux and measured concentrations in the upgradient piezometers and observation wells.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri024204","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Silver Lake Protection and Rehabilitation District","usgsCitation":"Dunning, C.P., Thomas, J.C., and Lin, Y., 2003, Simulation of the shallow aquifer in the vicinity of Silver Lake, Washington County, Wisconsin, using analytic elements: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4204, v, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri024204.","productDescription":"v, 29 p.","numberOfPages":"35","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":407533,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_54501.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":168727,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2002/4204/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":84454,"rank":299,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2002/4204/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","county":"Washington County","otherGeospatial":"Silver Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -88.29299926757812,\n              43.34540466524301\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.29299926757812,\n              43.42699324866588\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.18107604980469,\n              43.42699324866588\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.18107604980469,\n              43.34540466524301\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.29299926757812,\n              43.34540466524301\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b06e4b07f02db69a0eb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dunning, C. P.","contributorId":35792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunning","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":235603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thomas, Judith Coffman","contributorId":73261,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"Judith","email":"","middleInitial":"Coffman","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":235604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lin, Yu-Feng","contributorId":108167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lin","given":"Yu-Feng","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":235605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":51986,"text":"wri034018 - 2003 - A new cation-exchange method for accurate field speciation of hexavalent chromium","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-10T18:55:07","indexId":"wri034018","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4018","title":"A new cation-exchange method for accurate field speciation of hexavalent chromium","docAbstract":"A new cation-exchange method for field speciation of Cr(VI) has been developed to meet present stringent regulatory standards and to overcome the limitations of existing methods. The new method allows measurement of Cr(VI) concentrations as low as 0.05 micrograms per liter, storage of samples for at least several weeks prior to analysis, and use of readily available analytical instrumentation. The sensitivity, accuracy, and precision of the determination in waters over the pH range of 2 to 11 and Fe concentrations up to 1 milligram per liter are equal to or better than existing methods such as USEPA method 218.6. Time stability of preserved samples is a significant advantage over the 24-hour time constraint specified for USEPA method 218.6.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri034018","usgsCitation":"Ball, J.W., and McCleskey, R.B., 2003, A new cation-exchange method for accurate field speciation of hexavalent chromium: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4018, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034018.","productDescription":"17 p.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":177345,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":4563,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://wwwbrr.cr.usgs.gov/projects/GWC_chemtherm/pubs/WRIR%2003-4018.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd495ee4b0b290850ef1ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ball, James W.","contributorId":38946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ball","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":244613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCleskey, R. Blaine 0000-0002-2521-8052 rbmccles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2521-8052","contributorId":147399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCleskey","given":"R.","email":"rbmccles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Blaine","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":244612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":51607,"text":"wri024253 - 2003 - Reconnaissance of acid drainage sources and preliminary evaluation of remedial alternatives at the Copper Bluff mine, Hoopa Valley Reservation, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T15:13:46","indexId":"wri024253","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-4253","title":"Reconnaissance of acid drainage sources and preliminary evaluation of remedial alternatives at the Copper Bluff mine, Hoopa Valley Reservation, California","docAbstract":"<p>Acidic drainage from the inactive Copper Bluff mine cascades down a steep embankment into the Trinity River, on the Hoopa Valley Reservation in northern California. The Copper Bluff mine produced about 100,000 tons of sulfide-bearing copper-zinc-gold-silver ore during 1957–1962. This report summarizes the results of a water-resources investigation begun by the U.S. Geological Survey in 1994 with the overall objective of gathering sufficient geochemical, hydrologic, and geologic information so that a sound remediation strategy for the Copper Bluff mine could be selected and implemented by the Hoopa Valley Tribe. This study had the following specific objectives: (1) monitor the quality and quantity of the mine discharge, (2) determine seasonal variability of metal concentrations and loads, (3) map and sample the underground mine workings to determine sources of flow and suitability of mine plugging options, and (4) analyze the likely consequences of various remediation and treatment options.</p><p>Analysis of weekly water samples of adit discharge over parts of two wet seasons (January to July 1995 and October 1995 to May 1996) shows that dissolved copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) concentrations (in samples filtered with 0.20-micrometer membranes) varied systematically in a seasonal pattern. Metal concentrations increased dramatically in response to the first increase in discharge, or first flush, early in the wet season. The value of Zn/Cu in the adit discharge exhibited systematic seasonal variations; an annual Zn/Cu cycle was observed, beginning with values between 3 and 5 during the main part of the wet season, rising to values between 6 and 10 during the period of lowest discharge late in the dry season, and then dropping dramatically to values less than 3 during the first-flush period. Values of pH were fairly constant in the range of 3.1 to 3.8 throughout the wet season and into the beginning of the dry season, but rose to values between 4.5 and 5.6 during the period of lowest discharge, from October to early December 1995.</p><p>Underground reconnaissance was conducted once during dry-season conditions (September 1995) and twice during wet-season conditions (March 1995 and March 1996). The main tunnel was accessed to a distance of about 600 feet from the portal entrance. Water samples were collected at nine locations along the floor of the main tunnel and from several ore shoots to evaluate the contributions of water and dissolved constituents from different portions of the mine. Values of pH ranged from 2.5 to 6.4 at different underground locations, concentrations of copper ranged from 0.020 to 44 mg/L (milligram per liter), zinc from 6.3 to 160 mg/L, and cadmium from 0.010 to 0.47 mg/L. Discharge from the ore shoots ranged from less than 1 gallon per minute to more than 30 gallons per minute and was always a small component of the total mine flow compared with the tunnel floor drainage. During March 1996, the main flow originated in the northernmost portion of the underground workings (inaccessible) and mixed with an unknown quantity of water upwelling from flooded lower workings.&nbsp;High-water marks observed on the tunnel walls indicate that past blockages impounded more than 100,000 gallons of water. Sudden release of a large volume of metal-rich water could have serious effects on fish and other aquatic resources in the Trinity River.</p><p>Because of the hydrogeologic setting, mine plugging is not likely to offer an effective long-term solution to the problem of acid mine drainage at the Copper Bluff mine. The underground workings are close to a state highway and underlie a 500-foot-high bluff with highly fractured rocks that seep during the wet season. Total plugging likely would result in additional uncontrolled seepage and could potentially destabilize the highway. Partial plugging to restrict flow during periods of highest discharge may provide benefits in terms of reduced risk of catastrophic release without the additional risks associated with total plugging. Passive water treatment methods such as wetlands or anoxic limestone drains are unlikely to succeed at the Copper Bluff mine because of the lack of available space. A covered conveyance for the discharge directly from the mine portal to the Trinity River is a low-cost remedial alternative that would not reduce metal loadings to the Trinity River, but would reduce pathways of metal exposure to humans and wildlife. Lime neutralization or innovative, active water treatment methods such as bioreactors represent high-cost remedial alternatives that likely would be successful if sufficient resources were available for adequate design, testing, construction, long-term maintenance, and sludge disposal.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri024253","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Hoopa Valley Tribe","usgsCitation":"Alpers, C.N., Hunerlach, M.P., Hamlin, S.N., and Zierenberg, R.A., 2003, Reconnaissance of acid drainage sources and preliminary evaluation of remedial alternatives at the Copper Bluff mine, Hoopa Valley Reservation, California: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4253, 53 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri024253.","productDescription":"53 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":178100,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri024253.JPG"},{"id":4615,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri024253/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Humboldt County","otherGeospatial":"Copper Bluff mine, Hoopa Valley Reservation, Trinity River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -123.8,\n              40.9\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.8,\n              41.3\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.5,\n              41.3\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.5,\n              40.9\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.8,\n              40.9\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6ce4b07f02db63e878","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Alpers, Charles N. 0000-0001-6945-7365 cnalpers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6945-7365","contributorId":411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alpers","given":"Charles","email":"cnalpers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":244012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hunerlach, Michael P.","contributorId":66668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunerlach","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":244014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hamlin, Scott N.","contributorId":27040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamlin","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":244013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zierenberg, Robert A.","contributorId":91883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zierenberg","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":244015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":51515,"text":"ofr03339 - 2003 - Near field receiving water monitoring of trace metals in clams (Macoma balthica) and sediments near the Palo Alto water quality control plant in south San Francisco Bay, California: 2002","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-10T18:42:09","indexId":"ofr03339","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-339","title":"Near field receiving water monitoring of trace metals in clams (Macoma balthica) and sediments near the Palo Alto water quality control plant in south San Francisco Bay, California: 2002","docAbstract":"This report presents trace element concentrations analyzed on samples of fine-grained sediments and clams (Macoma balthica) collected from a mudflat one kilometer south of the discharge of the Palo Alto Regional Water Quality Control Plant in South San Francisco Bay. This report serves as a continuation of the Near Field Receiving Water Monitoring Study, which was started in 1994. The data for 2002, herein, are interpreted within that context. Metal concentrations in both sediments and clam tissue samples have been within the range of values produced by seasonal variability. However, copper and zinc, display continued decreases. Copper in sediment was observed to drop below the ERL (Effects Range-Low) concentration for the third consecutive year and zinc concentrations never exceeded the ERL. Yearly average concentrations of copper, zinc and silver in Macoma balthica for 2002 are some of the lowest recorded since monitoring began in 1975. Mercury and selenium concentrations in sediments and clams at Palo Alto were similar concentrations observed elsewhere in the San Francisco Bay.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr03339","usgsCitation":"Moon, E., David, C.P., Luoma, S.N., Cain, D.J., Hornberger, M.I., and Lavigne, I.R., 2003, Near field receiving water monitoring of trace metals in clams (Macoma balthica) and sediments near the Palo Alto water quality control plant in south San Francisco Bay, California: 2002: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-339, HTML, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03339.","productDescription":"HTML","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":178559,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":4520,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr03-339/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Palo Alto","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.22908020019531,\n              37.39607337878013\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.07939147949217,\n              37.39607337878013\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.07939147949217,\n              37.51299386065851\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.22908020019531,\n              37.51299386065851\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.22908020019531,\n              37.39607337878013\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b00e4b07f02db697f90","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moon, Edward","contributorId":60309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moon","given":"Edward","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":243789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"David, Carlos Primo C.","contributorId":27907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"David","given":"Carlos","email":"","middleInitial":"Primo C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":243788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Luoma, Samuel N. 0000-0001-5443-5091 snluoma@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5443-5091","contributorId":2287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luoma","given":"Samuel","email":"snluoma@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":243786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cain, Daniel J. 0000-0002-3443-0493 djcain@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3443-0493","contributorId":1784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cain","given":"Daniel","email":"djcain@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":243785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hornberger, Michelle I. 0000-0002-7787-3446 mhornber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7787-3446","contributorId":1037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hornberger","given":"Michelle","email":"mhornber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":243784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lavigne, Irene R.","contributorId":17683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lavigne","given":"Irene","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":243787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
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