Influenza A viruses are one of the most significant viral groups globally with substantial impacts on human, domestic animal and wildlife health. Wild birds are the natural reservoirs for these viruses, and active surveillance within wild bird populations provides critical information about viral evolution forming the basis of risk assessments and countermeasure development. Unfortunately, active surveillance programs are often resource‐intensive, and thus, enhancing programs for increased efficiency is paramount. Machine learning, a branch of artificial intelligence applications, provides statistical learning procedures that can be used to gain novel insights into disease surveillance systems. We use a form of machine learning, gradient boosted trees, to estimate the probability of isolating avian influenza viruses (AIV) from wild bird samples collected during surveillance for AIVs from 2006 to 2011 in the United States. We examined several predictive features including age, sex, bird type, geographic location and matrix gene rRT‐PCR results. Our final model had high predictive power and only included geographic location and rRT‐PCR results as important predictors. The highest predicted viral isolation probability was for samples collected from the north‐central states and the south‐eastern region of Alaska. Lower rRT‐PCR Ct‐values are associated with increased likelihood of AIV isolation, and the model estimated 16% probability of isolating AIV from samples declared negative (i.e., ≥35 Ct‐value) using the rRT‐PCR screening test and standard protocols. Our model can be used to prioritize previously collected samples for isolation and rapidly evaluate AIV surveillance designs to maximize the probability of viral isolation given limited resources and laboratory capacity.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/tbed.13318","usgsCitation":"Walsh, D.P., Ma, T.F., Ip, S., and Zhu, J., 2019, Artificial intelligence and avian influenza: Using machine learning to enhance active surveillance for avian influenza viruses: Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, v. 66, no. 6, p. 2537-2545, https://doi.org/10.1111/tbed.13318.","productDescription":"9 p.; Data Release","startPage":"2537","endPage":"2545","ipdsId":"IP-109212","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467396,"rank":3,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tbed.13318","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":368966,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":418298,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P96YJRWR"}],"volume":"66","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-08-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walsh, Daniel P. 0000-0002-7772-2445 dwalsh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7772-2445","contributorId":4758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walsh","given":"Daniel","email":"dwalsh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":774746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ma, Ting Fung","contributorId":220321,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ma","given":"Ting","email":"","middleInitial":"Fung","affiliations":[{"id":18002,"text":"University of Wisconsin - Madison","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":774747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ip, S. 0000-0003-4844-7533 hip@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4844-7533","contributorId":727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ip","given":"S.","email":"hip@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":774748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zhu, Jun","contributorId":73485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhu","given":"Jun","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":774749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70205848,"text":"70205848 - 2019 - Overview of emerging amphibian pathogens and modeling advances for conservation-related decisions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-08T12:56:59","indexId":"70205848","displayToPublicDate":"2019-08-01T12:56:16","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Overview of emerging amphibian pathogens and modeling advances for conservation-related decisions","docAbstract":"One of the leading causes of global amphibian decline is emerging infectious disease. We summarize the disease ecology of four major emerging amphibian infectious agents: chytrids, ranaviruses, trematodes, and Perkinsea. We focus on recently developed quantitative advances that build on well-established ecological theories and aid in studying epizootic and enzootic disease dynamics. For example, we identify ecological and evolutionary selective forces that determine disease outcomes and transmission pathways by borrowing ideas from population and community ecology theory. We outline three topics of general interest in disease ecology: (i) the relationship between biodiversity and disease risk, (ii) individual, species, or environmental transmission heterogeneity, and (iii) pathogen coinfections. Finally, we identify specific knowledge gaps impeding the success of conservation-related decisions for disease mitigation and the future of amphibian conservation success.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2019.05.034","usgsCitation":"Campbell Grant, E.H., and G, D., 2019, Overview of emerging amphibian pathogens and modeling advances for conservation-related decisions: Biological Conservation, v. 236, p. 474-484, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2019.05.034.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"474","endPage":"484","ipdsId":"IP-105941","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467398,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2019.05.034","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":368103,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"236","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Campbell Grant, Evan H. 0000-0003-4401-6496 ehgrant@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4401-6496","contributorId":150443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell Grant","given":"Evan","email":"ehgrant@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":772604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"G, Direnzo","contributorId":219581,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"G","given":"Direnzo","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12711,"text":"UC Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":772605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70203790,"text":"sir20195056 - 2019 - Documentation of a Soil-Water-Balance Model to estimate recharge to Blue Ridge, Piedmont, and Mesozoic Basin fractured-rock aquifers, Fauquier County, Virginia, 1996 through 2015","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-02T06:54:54","indexId":"sir20195056","displayToPublicDate":"2019-08-01T12:15:00","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2019-5056","displayTitle":"Documentation of a Soil-Water-Balance Model to Estimate Recharge to Blue Ridge, Piedmont, and Mesozoic Basin Fractured-Rock Aquifers, Fauquier County, Virginia, 1996 through 2015","title":"Documentation of a Soil-Water-Balance Model to estimate recharge to Blue Ridge, Piedmont, and Mesozoic Basin fractured-rock aquifers, Fauquier County, Virginia, 1996 through 2015","docAbstract":"This report documents a Soil-Water-Balance (SWB) model that was developed for an area covering the Blue Ridge, Piedmont, and Mesozoic basin fractured-rock aquifers in Fauquier County, Virginia, for the calendar years 1996–2015. The SWB model includes an area of 1,498 square miles, divided into 1,076-square-foot (100-square-meter) grid cells on which daily groundwater recharge was estimated using existing elevation, meteorological, land-use, and soil property datasets.
Daily groundwater recharge estimates obtained from the model were summarized annually, and annual model output was compared to the results of the hydrograph separation method, PART, on streamflow data from two streamgages in Fauquier County with periods of continuous record overlapping those of the SWB model period (01643700 Goose Creek near Middleburg, Virginia, and 01656000 Cedar Run near Catlett, Virginia). Spatially distributed groundwater recharge results from the SWB model represent annual conditions and the 20-year average values for the years 1996–2015, including estimated recharge during a previously defined drought in 2001. The 20-year average recharge in Fauquier County from the SWB model ranged from 8.1 inches per year (in/yr) in Blue Ridge aquifers to 5.3 in/yr in Mesozoic basin aquifers. Although mean annual precipitation volumes vary slightly across the County, the contrast in recharge among the Blue Ridge and western Piedmont aquifers with that of the Mesozoic basin aquifers is largely a result of differences in soil infiltration capacity. Precipitation totals 20 percent below mean annual precipitation from 1996–2015 produced drought recharge rates that were less than 50 percent of mean annual recharge.
The SWB model and model output, including spatially distributed annual estimates of groundwater recharge, evapotranspiration, and gross precipitation for the 1996 through 2015 model period, are publicly available as a U.S. Geological Survey data release.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20195056","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Fauquier County Department of Community Development","usgsCitation":" McCoy, K.J., and Ladd, D.E., 2019, Documentation of a Soil-Water-Balance model to estimate recharge to Blue Ridge, Piedmont, and Mesozoic Basin fractured-rock aquifers, Fauquier County, Virginia, 1996 through 2015: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2019–5056, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20195056. ","productDescription":"Report: v, 22 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"32","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-098765","costCenters":[{"id":581,"text":"Tennessee Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37759,"text":"VA/WV Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":437375,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7K35SZW","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Soil-Water-Balance model data sets for Fauquier County, Virginia, 1996 - 2015"},{"id":366048,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2019/5056/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":366049,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2019/5056/sir20195056.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.39 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2019-5056"},{"id":366050,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":" https://doi.org/10.5066/F7K35SZW","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","county":"Fauquier County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-77.9612,39.0154],[-77.6568,38.9437],[-77.6617,38.937],[-77.6674,38.9203],[-77.6787,38.8978],[-77.6875,38.8752],[-77.7032,38.8868],[-77.7041,38.8718],[-77.7169,38.8562],[-77.7164,38.8285],[-77.6594,38.7483],[-77.6247,38.6979],[-77.5599,38.6036],[-77.5378,38.5715],[-77.534,38.5606],[-77.5271,38.5546],[-77.5602,38.5283],[-77.5722,38.5195],[-77.5842,38.5088],[-77.6174,38.4753],[-77.6289,38.4627],[-77.6314,38.4583],[-77.6299,38.4492],[-77.6335,38.4433],[-77.629,38.4383],[-77.6311,38.4243],[-77.6342,38.4189],[-77.6338,38.4089],[-77.642,38.4099],[-77.653,38.416],[-77.6682,38.4198],[-77.6792,38.425],[-77.6892,38.4256],[-77.6945,38.4252],[-77.704,38.4213],[-77.7111,38.4209],[-77.7158,38.421],[-77.7205,38.4192],[-77.7235,38.417],[-77.7277,38.4134],[-77.7307,38.4121],[-77.7342,38.4126],[-77.7365,38.4149],[-77.7392,38.4218],[-77.7415,38.425],[-77.7491,38.4282],[-77.7549,38.4315],[-77.7589,38.4366],[-77.7617,38.4429],[-77.7627,38.4497],[-77.7619,38.4565],[-77.7624,38.4593],[-77.7659,38.4607],[-77.7712,38.4621],[-77.7752,38.4658],[-77.7763,38.4681],[-77.775,38.4744],[-77.7802,38.4804],[-77.7824,38.4867],[-77.7864,38.4891],[-77.7893,38.4909],[-77.7927,38.4973],[-77.8002,38.5042],[-77.8018,38.512],[-77.8069,38.5184],[-77.8103,38.5238],[-77.8132,38.5289],[-77.8196,38.5312],[-77.8213,38.5326],[-77.8265,38.5377],[-77.8341,38.5382],[-77.8364,38.5396],[-77.8439,38.5474],[-77.8473,38.552],[-77.8508,38.5561],[-77.8583,38.5617],[-77.8612,38.5653],[-77.8634,38.5699],[-77.8645,38.5749],[-77.8674,38.5781],[-77.872,38.5818],[-77.8737,38.5854],[-77.8742,38.59],[-77.8711,38.594],[-77.8664,38.5953],[-77.864,38.598],[-77.8651,38.6007],[-77.8691,38.6044],[-77.8714,38.6085],[-77.8701,38.6121],[-77.8612,38.6161],[-77.8588,38.6188],[-77.8599,38.6206],[-77.8669,38.6239],[-77.8698,38.628],[-77.8703,38.6316],[-77.8767,38.6331],[-77.8767,38.6362],[-77.8754,38.6394],[-77.873,38.6439],[-77.8705,38.6498],[-77.8751,38.6553],[-77.8802,38.6621],[-77.8813,38.6653],[-77.8854,38.6667],[-77.8914,38.6632],[-77.8961,38.6632],[-77.9007,38.6669],[-77.9036,38.6706],[-77.9023,38.6751],[-77.8975,38.6787],[-77.898,38.6832],[-77.9033,38.6869],[-77.9055,38.6919],[-77.9083,38.6969],[-77.9136,38.6993],[-77.9248,38.6999],[-77.9307,38.699],[-77.9449,38.697],[-77.9602,38.6994],[-77.9655,38.6999],[-77.9707,38.7023],[-77.976,38.7046],[-77.9812,38.7069],[-77.9865,38.7093],[-77.9918,38.7116],[-77.9952,38.7144],[-77.9999,38.7176],[-78.0045,38.7213],[-78.0085,38.7295],[-78.0142,38.7382],[-78.0171,38.7418],[-78.0158,38.7459],[-78.0163,38.7504],[-78.0198,38.7541],[-78.0251,38.7551],[-78.0273,38.7614],[-78.0261,38.7659],[-78.0254,38.77],[-78.0241,38.7745],[-78.0211,38.7786],[-78.024,38.7822],[-78.0292,38.7859],[-78.0297,38.7905],[-78.0284,38.7963],[-78.0313,38.7991],[-78.0402,38.7978],[-78.0449,38.8002],[-78.0496,38.8007],[-78.0518,38.8057],[-78.074,38.8209],[-78.0974,38.8293],[-78.1043,38.8403],[-78.1166,38.8472],[-78.1223,38.8563],[-78.1317,38.8633],[-78.1268,38.8718],[-78.117,38.8862],[-78.1141,38.8871],[-78.1118,38.8821],[-78.1083,38.8793],[-78.1024,38.8801],[-78.0934,38.8855],[-78.0875,38.8863],[-78.0787,38.8821],[-78.0763,38.8821],[-78.0692,38.8866],[-78.0596,38.8887],[-78.0578,38.8901],[-78.0578,38.8928],[-78.0619,38.896],[-78.0641,38.9015],[-78.074,38.9088],[-78.074,38.9115],[-78.0672,38.9233],[-78.0641,38.9318],[-78.0617,38.9336],[-78.0504,38.9367],[-78.0379,38.9415],[-78.0336,38.9505],[-78.0233,38.959],[-78.0172,38.9703],[-78.01,38.9765],[-78.0045,38.9819],[-77.9882,38.9994],[-77.969,39.01],[-77.9612,39.0154]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Fauquier\",\"state\":\"VA\"}}]}","contact":"Director, Virginia and West Virginia Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1730 East Parham Road
Richmond, VA 23228
Protected lands like national parks are important refuges for threatened and endangered species as environmental pressures on wildlife and their habitats increase. The Northern Spotted Owl (Strix occidentalis caurina), a species designated as threatened under the Endangered Species Act, occurs on public lands throughout the western United States including Mount Rainier National Park (MRNP), Washington. With virtually no history of timber harvest or large forest disturbance within MRNP boundaries since the park’s creation in 1899, MRNP provides an ideal place to evaluate potential impacts of climate change and invasive Barred Owls (Strix varia) on the Northern Spotted Owl. We used a multi-state, multi-season occupancy model to investigate how Northern Spotted Owl occupancy dynamics and breeding propensity are related to the presence of Barred Owls, local and regional weather, and habitat characteristics at MRNP from 1997 to 2016. Historical occupancy of Northern Spotted Owl breeding territories in MRNP has declined by 50% in the last 20 yr, and territory occupancy by breeding Northern Spotted Owls also decreased, reaching a low of 25% in 2016. Occupancy rates were higher on territories with steeper terrain and breeding rates were lower when Barred Owls were detected within historical territories. Our results also indicated that breeding propensity was higher when early nesting season temperatures during March and April were higher. In addition, the ability to detect breeding Northern Spotted Owls decreased when Barred Owls were present in the territory. Habitat variables from LiDAR were not correlated with Northern Spotted Owl occupancy dynamics, likely reflecting the dominance of old-growth forest in this protected park. This study illustrates the strong relationship between Barred Owls and Northern Spotted Owl demographics and breeding site selection in a landscape where habitat loss by timber harvest and fire has not occurred.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/condor/duz031","usgsCitation":"Mangan, A.O., Chestnut, T., Vogeler, J.C., Breckheimer, I.K., King, W.M., Bagnall, K.E., and Dugger, K., 2019, Barred Owls reduce occupancy and breeding propensity of Northern Spotted Owl in a Washington old-growth forest: Ornithological Applications, v. 121, no. 3, duz031, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.1093/condor/duz031.","productDescription":"duz031, 20 p.","ipdsId":"IP-102940","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":388548,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Mount Ranier National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -482.0938110351562,\n 46.590956573124544\n ],\n [\n -481.5032958984375,\n 46.590956573124544\n ],\n [\n -481.5032958984375,\n 47.09069560264967\n ],\n [\n -482.0938110351562,\n 47.09069560264967\n ],\n [\n -482.0938110351562,\n 46.590956573124544\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"121","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-08-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mangan, Anna O.","contributorId":264791,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mangan","given":"Anna","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":25426,"text":"OSU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":821986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chestnut, Tara","contributorId":264792,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chestnut","given":"Tara","affiliations":[{"id":36245,"text":"NPS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":821987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vogeler, Jody C.","contributorId":264796,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vogeler","given":"Jody","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":54555,"text":"umn","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":821988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Breckheimer, Ian K.","contributorId":264797,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Breckheimer","given":"Ian","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":54558,"text":"hu","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":821989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"King, Wendy M.","contributorId":264798,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"King","given":"Wendy","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":36245,"text":"NPS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":821990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bagnall, Keith E.","contributorId":264799,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bagnall","given":"Keith","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":36245,"text":"NPS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":821991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dugger, Katie M. 0000-0002-4148-246X cdugger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4148-246X","contributorId":4399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dugger","given":"Katie","email":"cdugger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":821985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70223689,"text":"70223689 - 2019 - Magmatic-hydrothermal gold mineralization at the Lone Tree Mine, Battle Mountain district, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-01T14:45:20.201078","indexId":"70223689","displayToPublicDate":"2019-08-01T09:40:47","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Magmatic-hydrothermal gold mineralization at the Lone Tree Mine, Battle Mountain district, Nevada","docAbstract":"The Lone Tree deposit is located in the northern Battle Mountain mining district, Nevada. Prior to mine closure in 2006, Santa Fe Pacific Gold and Newmont produced 4.2 Moz of gold at an average grade of 2.06 g/t at Lone Tree, primarily from the N-S– to NNW-SSE–striking Wayne zone. The ore is located between the Roberts Mountain and Golconda thrusts in siliciclastic rocks of the Ordovician Valmy Formation and in the Pennsylvanian-Permian Battle Mountain and Edna Mountain Formations, and above the Golconda thrust in siliciclastic and carbonate rocks of the Mississippian to Permian Havallah sequence. Ore is also hosted by rhyolitic dikes that were emplaced at 40.95 ± 0.06 Ma based on zircon U-Pb chemical abrasion-thermal ionization mass spectrometry.
The gold is associated with sericitic and argillic alteration of the siliciclastic rocks and dikes and with decarbonatization and Fe carbonate alteration of the carbonate-bearing units, as well as in Fe-As sulfide and finegrained quartz alteration of all rock types. Oxidation affects 30 to 45% of the deposit, penetrating into the stratigraphy along numerous steeply dipping north-south, east-west, and north-northeast–south-southwest structures. Gold is positively correlated with Ag, As, Hg, and Sb. The highest Au grades occur in quartz-sulfide ore hosted in siliciclastic and carbonate sedimentary rocks and rhyolitic intrusions. In this ore style, fine-grained quartz and sericite are intergrown with disseminated sulfide minerals (quartz-sericite-pyrite alteration), constituting cores of weakly mineralized pyrite or marcasite, which are surrounded by fuzzy arsenopyrite rims that contain up to ~2,000 ppm Au. Low gold grades occur in late-stage banded pyrite breccias consisting of a finely zoned Au-poor pyrite matrix surrounding jigsaw-fit clasts of quartz-, illite-, barite-, and adularia-altered siliciclastic rock. The timing of main-stage mineralization is bracketed between the emplacement of the dikes and an adularia 40Ar/39Ar age of 40.14 ± 0.74 Ma.
Sericite intergrown with arsenopyrite-rimmed pyrite in phenocrysts of the rhyolite dikes gave δ18O values of 1.6 to 9.5‰ and δD values of –105 to –145‰. For temperatures of 300 ± 100°C, the calculated fluid isotopic compositions are consistent with felsic magmatic water and minor modifications by mixing with meteoric water and exchange with wall rocks. In the silica-sulfide ore, in situ isotopic laser ablation-multicollector-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-MC-ICP-MS) analyses of pyrite cores yielded δ34S values ranging from 3.4 to 7.7‰, with average values of 5.6‰ in the felsic dikes, 4.5‰ in the siliciclastic rocks, and 5.3‰ in the carbonate rocks. These values match conventional pyrite δ34S data reported for Eocene porphyry systems elsewhere in the district. Nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry analyses show that gold and associated trace elements occur in submicron-scale zones within arsenopyrite rims on pyrite. The average δ34S values of the arsenopyrite rims are 5.3 to 6.5‰ heavier than the pyrite cores, indicating cooling and an increasing H2S/SO2 ratio. The highest grades resulted from episodic pulses of a gold-rich fluid that was partly derived from, or exchanged with, the sedimentary host rocks. In situ LA-MC-ICP-MS δ34S values for the late-stage banded pyrite breccia become progressively lighter from veinlet margin to center, reaching a low of –32‰. These veinlets indicate a shift from main-stage quartz-sericite-pyrite and intermediate argillic alteration to more neutral pH and oxidizing conditions during late-stage mineralization, indicating either increasing interaction between the fluid and sedimentary sulfur sources in the host-rock package or bacterial sulfate reduction and supergene sulfide precipitation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.5382/econgeo.4665","usgsCitation":"Holley, E.A., Lowe, J., Johnson, C.A., and Pribil, M., 2019, Magmatic-hydrothermal gold mineralization at the Lone Tree Mine, Battle Mountain district, Nevada: Economic Geology, v. 114, no. 5, p. 811-856, https://doi.org/10.5382/econgeo.4665.","productDescription":"46 p.","startPage":"811","endPage":"856","ipdsId":"IP-104133","costCenters":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":388732,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Battle Mountain district, Lone Tree Mine","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.003662109375,\n 38.272688535980976\n ],\n [\n -114.202880859375,\n 38.272688535980976\n ],\n [\n -114.202880859375,\n 41.99624282178583\n ],\n [\n -120.003662109375,\n 41.99624282178583\n ],\n [\n -120.003662109375,\n 38.272688535980976\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"114","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Holley, Elizabeth A. 0000-0003-2504-4555","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2504-4555","contributorId":265154,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Holley","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6606,"text":"Colorado School of Mines","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":822332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lowe, Justin","contributorId":265155,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lowe","given":"Justin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6606,"text":"Colorado School of Mines","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":822333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, Craig A. 0000-0002-1334-2996 cjohnso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1334-2996","contributorId":909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Craig","email":"cjohnso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":822334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pribil, Michael J. 0000-0003-4859-8673 mpribil@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4859-8673","contributorId":141158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pribil","given":"Michael","email":"mpribil@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":822335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70236154,"text":"70236154 - 2019 - Hydroclimatology of the Mississippi River Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-30T14:18:05.915762","indexId":"70236154","displayToPublicDate":"2019-08-01T09:11:00","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydroclimatology of the Mississippi River Basin","docAbstract":"Model estimated monthly water balance (WB) components (i.e., potential evapotranspiration, actual evapotranspiration, and runoff [R]) for 848 United States (U.S.) Geological Survey 8-digit hydrologic units located in the Mississippi River Basin (MRB) are used to examine the temporal and spatial variability of the MRB WB for water years 1901 through 2014. Results indicate the MRB can be divided into nine subregions with similar temporal variability in R. The WB analyses indicated ~79% of total water-year MRB runoff is generated by four of the nine subregions and most of the R in the basin is derived from surplus (S) water during the months of December through May. Furthermore, the analyses showed temporal variability in S is largely controlled by the occurrence of negative atmospheric pressure anomalies over the western U.S. and positive atmospheric pressure anomalies over the eastern U.S. coast. This combination of atmospheric pressure anomalies results in an anomalous flow of moist air from the Gulf of Mexico into the MRB. In the context of paleo-climate reconstructions of the Palmer Drought Severity Index, since about 1900 the MRB has experienced wetter conditions than were experienced during the previous 500 years.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/1752-1688.12749","usgsCitation":"McCabe, G.J., and Wolock, D.M., 2019, Hydroclimatology of the Mississippi River Basin: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 55, no. 4, p. 1053-1064, https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.12749.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1053","endPage":"1064","ipdsId":"IP-101403","costCenters":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467399,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.12749","text":"External Repository"},{"id":405907,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Mississippi River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.5986328125,\n 48.8936153614802\n ],\n [\n -112.939453125,\n 47.96050238891509\n ],\n [\n -112.67578124999999,\n 47.30903424774781\n ],\n [\n -111.357421875,\n 46.195042108660154\n ],\n [\n -112.3681640625,\n 45.61403741135093\n ],\n [\n -111.357421875,\n 44.715513732021336\n ],\n [\n -109.5556640625,\n 44.809121700077355\n ],\n [\n -109.423828125,\n 44.02442151965934\n ],\n [\n -109.0283203125,\n 43.61221676817573\n ],\n [\n -107.7978515625,\n 42.779275360241904\n ],\n [\n -106.2158203125,\n 41.57436130598913\n ],\n [\n -105.4248046875,\n 40.3130432088809\n ],\n [\n -105.29296874999999,\n 38.89103282648846\n ],\n [\n -105.5126953125,\n 37.82280243352756\n ],\n [\n -105.29296874999999,\n 36.06686213257888\n ],\n [\n -104.80957031249999,\n 34.84987503195418\n ],\n [\n -102.7001953125,\n 34.34343606848294\n ],\n [\n -99.404296875,\n 34.08906131584994\n ],\n [\n -97.1630859375,\n 33.43144133557529\n ],\n [\n -94.7021484375,\n 32.21280106801518\n ],\n [\n -94.04296874999999,\n 29.49698759653577\n ],\n [\n -89.82421875,\n 28.76765910569123\n ],\n [\n -89.6484375,\n 31.015278981711266\n ],\n [\n -90.615234375,\n 32.62087018318113\n ],\n [\n -90.263671875,\n 34.379712580462204\n ],\n [\n -88.06640625,\n 34.92197103616377\n ],\n [\n -84.7705078125,\n 34.994003757575776\n ],\n [\n -82.44140625,\n 36.24427318493909\n ],\n [\n -80.9912109375,\n 37.37015718405753\n ],\n [\n -79.0576171875,\n 38.993572058209466\n ],\n [\n -78.79394531249999,\n 42.84375132629021\n ],\n [\n -82.0458984375,\n 41.57436130598913\n ],\n [\n -84.90234375,\n 40.78054143186033\n ],\n [\n -87.099609375,\n 41.86956082699455\n ],\n [\n -87.890625,\n 42.779275360241904\n ],\n [\n -89.8681640625,\n 43.866218006556394\n ],\n [\n -90.087890625,\n 45.089035564831036\n ],\n [\n -89.82421875,\n 46.34692761055676\n ],\n [\n -90.791015625,\n 47.100044694025215\n ],\n [\n -94.6142578125,\n 47.69497434186282\n ],\n [\n -96.767578125,\n 46.255846818480315\n ],\n [\n -99.6240234375,\n 47.517200697839414\n ],\n [\n -100.37109375,\n 49.009050809382046\n ],\n [\n -113.5986328125,\n 48.8936153614802\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"55","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-04-22","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCabe, Gregory J. 0000-0002-9258-2997 gmccabe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9258-2997","contributorId":200854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCabe","given":"Gregory","email":"gmccabe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":850265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wolock, David M. 0000-0002-6209-938X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6209-938X","contributorId":219213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolock","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":850266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70238061,"text":"70238061 - 2019 - Simulations of hydrology and water quality for irrigated fields near Yakima, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-09T14:53:52.300317","indexId":"70238061","displayToPublicDate":"2019-08-01T08:47:40","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Simulations of hydrology and water quality for irrigated fields near Yakima, Washington","docAbstract":"Reliable tools are needed by farmers and managers to estimate and mitigate impacts of altered hydrology and degraded water quality downstream of agricultural areas. The Water, Energy, and Biogeochemical Model (WEBMOD) (Webb and Parkhurst 2017) was used to simulate daily variations of hydrology and water quality for 5 square kilometers of irrigated fields draining to the DR2 Drain, southeast of Yakima, WA.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Working watersheds and coastal systems: Research and management for a changing future — Proceedings of the Sixth Interagency Conference on Research in the Watersheds","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Sixth Interagency Conference on Research in the Watersheds","conferenceDate":"July 23-26, 2018","conferenceLocation":"Shepherdstown, WV","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Southern Research Station","collaboration":"EPA, USFS","usgsCitation":"Webb, R.M., 2019, Simulations of hydrology and water quality for irrigated fields near Yakima, Washington, in Working watersheds and coastal systems: Research and management for a changing future — Proceedings of the Sixth Interagency Conference on Research in the Watersheds, Shepherdstown, WV, July 23-26, 2018, p. 202-205.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"202","endPage":"205","ipdsId":"IP-100453","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":409260,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":409218,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/pubs/59031"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","city":"Yakima","otherGeospatial":"Yakima River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.56886577450334,\n 46.633070609190895\n ],\n [\n -120.56886577450334,\n 46.12956834060162\n ],\n [\n -119.41838691883319,\n 46.12956834060162\n ],\n [\n -119.41838691883319,\n 46.633070609190895\n ],\n [\n -120.56886577450334,\n 46.633070609190895\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Webb, Richard M. 0000-0001-9531-2207 rmwebb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9531-2207","contributorId":1570,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webb","given":"Richard","email":"rmwebb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":856734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70205781,"text":"70205781 - 2019 - Phylogeny and foraging mode correspond with thiaminase activity in freshwater fishes: Potential links to environmental factors","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-04T08:33:42","indexId":"70205781","displayToPublicDate":"2019-08-01T07:59:15","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1699,"text":"Freshwater Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Phylogeny and foraging mode correspond with thiaminase activity in freshwater fishes: Potential links to environmental factors","docAbstract":"Knowledge of the dietary components of fish species is important for understanding their growth, survival, and recruitment. Deficiency in thiamine (vitamin B1) leading to reproductive failure and physiological illness among freshwater fishes has been attributed to thiaminase activity in fish in the Great Lakes and the New York Finger Lakes, but the causes of variation in thiaminase activity among freshwater fishes is unclear. We characterized thiaminase activity in 29 species of freshwater fishes across 7 ray-finned and 1 jawless family. All fish were further categorized by phylogeny, trophic category (trophic level and feeding mode), and native or non-native status to evaluate how ecological processes correspond with thiaminase activity. Thiaminase activity varied significantly across species, families, trophic factors, phylogenetic groups, and sites. Teleosts that were more recently derived had higher thiaminase activity than more basal species. Thiaminase activity was also higher among herbivores than omnivores or carnivores. This trend was clearest in the Cyprinidae family, which had the greatest range in thiaminase activity and a wide range in trophic-level position and trophic categories (herbivores, omnivores, and carnivores). Variation in average thiaminase activity of Spotfin Shiners (Cyprinella spiloptera) among sites within a watershed was correlated with anthropogenic and natural components of land cover. Our study contributes much-needed quantitative ecological information related to thiaminase activity in a suite of fish species that vary in evolutionary history, trophic level, and foraging modes. However, more studies are needed to identify interacting causes of thiaminase variation and examine the implications of these findings on the overall health of aquatic populations and freshwater ecosystems.","language":"English","publisher":"University of Chicago Press","doi":"10.1086/704927","usgsCitation":"Spooner, D., Boggs, K., Shull, D.R., Honeyfield, D.C., Wertz, T., and Sweet, S., 2019, Phylogeny and foraging mode correspond with thiaminase activity in freshwater fishes: Potential links to environmental factors: Freshwater Science, v. 3, no. 38, p. 605-615, https://doi.org/10.1086/704927.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"605","endPage":"615","ipdsId":"IP-110044","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":367946,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","issue":"38","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Spooner, Daniel E 0000-0002-5408-4364","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5408-4364","contributorId":219471,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Spooner","given":"Daniel E","affiliations":[{"id":40002,"text":"Lock Haven University of Pennsylvania","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":772321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boggs, Kristin","contributorId":219472,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boggs","given":"Kristin","affiliations":[{"id":24583,"text":"former USGS employee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":772322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shull, Dustin R.","contributorId":147947,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shull","given":"Dustin","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":16963,"text":"PA DEP","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":772323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Honeyfield, Dale C. 0000-0003-3034-2047 honeyfie@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3034-2047","contributorId":2774,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Honeyfield","given":"Dale","email":"honeyfie@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":772324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wertz, Timothy","contributorId":66866,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wertz","given":"Timothy","affiliations":[{"id":17703,"text":"Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":772325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sweet, Stephanie","contributorId":219473,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sweet","given":"Stephanie","affiliations":[{"id":24583,"text":"former USGS employee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":772326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70233214,"text":"70233214 - 2019 - Cross-scale interactions dictate regional lake carbon flux and productivity response to future climate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-19T12:20:55.547259","indexId":"70233214","displayToPublicDate":"2019-08-01T07:16:12","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cross-scale interactions dictate regional lake carbon flux and productivity response to future climate","docAbstract":"Lakes support globally important food webs through algal productivity and contribute significantly to the global carbon cycle. However, predictions of how broad-scale lake carbon flux and productivity may respond to future climate are extremely limited. Here, we used an integrated modeling framework to project changes in lake-specific and regional primary productivity and carbon fluxes under 21st century climate for thousands of lakes. We observed high uncertainty in whether lakes collectively were to increase or decrease lake CO2 emissions and carbon burial in our modeled region owing to divergence in projected regional water balance among climate models. Variation in projected air temperature influenced projected changes in lake primary productivity (but not CO2 emissions or carbon burial) as warmer air temperatures decreased productivity through reduced lake water volume. Cross-scale interactions between regional drivers and local characteristics dictated the magnitude and direction of lake-specific carbon flux and productivity responses to future climate.
Understanding the drivers and timescales over which groundwater quality changes informs groundwater management, use, and protection. To better understand timescales of water-quality change over short (daily to monthly) and long (seasonal to decadal) timescales, the U.S. Geological Survey’s National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Enhanced Trends Network (ETN) program instrumented and sampled three wells in the Edwards aquifer in south-central Texas. The wells were instrumented to provide high-frequency continuous (subhourly) water-quality data (temperature, pH, specific conductance, and dissolved oxygen), which were augmented by the collection of discrete samples (about 6 per year) for a range of geochemical constituents (including selected isotopes and age tracers). ETN data (2013–2017) are considered with data from additional sites for the same time period, and also historical records (over more than 80 years) of climatic and hydrologic conditions. During the four-year study, hydrologic conditions transitioned from very dry to very wet. Sites in the updip/unconfined part of the aquifer showed notable changes in water level and geochemistry (1) in response to rainfall/recharge events, and (2) over the multiyear dry/wet cycle. Sites in the downdip/confined part of the aquifer showed changes in water level/spring discharge over similar timescales, although the response is more muted. Geochemistry at the downdip/confined sites, however, varied slowly and minimally, indicating that the geochemical response of the deeper aquifer is decoupled from recent hydrologic responses. Changes at the updip/unconfined sites reflect mixing with recent recharge, whereas the downdip/confined sites were dominated by mineral-solution reactions resulting from longer (decadal) residence times. Mean groundwater ages interpreted from measured age tracers and lumped parameter models range from 7 to >700 years (where mixed with premodern downdip water) but were mostly modern. The aquifer is characterized by updip-to-downdip trends in geochemistry with respect to water-rock interaction and groundwater age. Fourier spectral analysis of historical records indicate hydrologic variability has occurred at dominant periods of 30 and 15 years; in conjunction with age tracers, these results provide insight into timescales at which the aquifer’s public supply is vulnerable to changes in the water quality of recharge.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.hydroa.2019.100041","usgsCitation":"Musgrove, M., Solder, J.E., Opsahl, S.P., and Wilson, J.T., 2019, Timescales of water-quality change in a karst aquifer, south-central Texas: Journal of Hydrology X, v. 4, 100041, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydroa.2019.100041.","productDescription":"100041, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-105452 ","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467403,"rank":4,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydroa.2019.100041","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437377,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9247J56","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Data for timescales of water-quality change in a karst aquifer, south-central 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\"}}]}","volume":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Musgrove, MaryLynn 0000-0003-1607-3864 mmusgrov@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1607-3864","contributorId":197013,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Musgrove","given":"MaryLynn","email":"mmusgrov@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":772054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Solder, John E. 0000-0002-0660-3326 jsolder@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0660-3326","contributorId":171916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Solder","given":"John","email":"jsolder@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":772058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Opsahl, Stephen P. 0000-0002-4774-0415 sopsahl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4774-0415","contributorId":4713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Opsahl","given":"Stephen","email":"sopsahl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":772056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wilson, Jennifer T. 0000-0003-4481-6354 jenwilso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4481-6354","contributorId":1782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Jennifer","email":"jenwilso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":772057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70205232,"text":"70205232 - 2019 - Semantically supported linked data mapping","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-05T06:50:25","indexId":"70205232","displayToPublicDate":"2019-07-31T14:24:42","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Semantically supported linked data mapping","docAbstract":"Semantic technology based on the Resource Description Framework (RDF) modeling environment has introduced new data management capabilities that can lead to innovative cartographic techniques. This report describes research toward more semantically expressive linked geospatial data mapping, topics of research, and an avenue for further international collaboration.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"2019 US national report (US National Committee for the International Cartographic Association)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"language":"English","publisher":"International Cartography Association","usgsCitation":"Varanka, D.E., 2019, Semantically supported linked data mapping, 4 p.","productDescription":"4 p.","ipdsId":"IP-108631","costCenters":[{"id":5074,"text":"Center for Geospatial Information Science (CEGIS)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":368839,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":368946,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://cartogis.org/usnc-ica/us-national-report/"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Varanka, Dalia E. 0000-0003-2857-9600 dvaranka@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2857-9600","contributorId":1296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Varanka","given":"Dalia","email":"dvaranka@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":5074,"text":"Center for Geospatial Information Science (CEGIS)","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":404,"text":"NGTOC Rolla","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":774378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70227899,"text":"70227899 - 2019 - Occurrence, Abundance, and Associations of Topeka Shiners (Notropis topeka) in Restored and Unrestored Oxbows in Iowa and Minnesota, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-03T12:00:01.602579","indexId":"70227899","displayToPublicDate":"2019-07-31T12:58:10","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":862,"text":"Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Occurrence, Abundance, and Associations of Topeka Shiners (Notropis topeka) in Restored and Unrestored Oxbows in Iowa and Minnesota, USA","title":"Occurrence, Abundance, and Associations of Topeka Shiners (Notropis topeka) in Restored and Unrestored Oxbows in Iowa and Minnesota, USA","docAbstract":"The Santa Fe Group aquifer is an important source of water to communities within the Middle Rio Grande Basin, including the Albuquerque-Rio Rancho metropolitan area and Kirtland Air Force Base, New Mexico. In November 1999, Kirtland Air Force Base personnel observed fuel-stained soils at the Bulk Fuels Facility on the base. Subsequent pressure tests identified pipeline leaks. Fuels stored at the Bulk Fuels Facility have included aviation gasoline, jet propellant 4, and jet propellant 8. The fuels migrated about 480 feet down to the water table. Ethylene dibromide, the constituent making up the most extensive part of the plume and a component of leaded aviation gasoline, has formed a plume that, in December 2016, was 400 to 1,300 feet wide, extended about 5,800 feet northeast from the Bulk Fuels Facility, and was about 3,700 feet from the nearest downgradient water-supply well.
Prior to widespread development of groundwater resources in southeastern Albuquerque, groundwater near the present-day location of the Bulk Fuels Facility flowed to the southwest. Groundwater began flowing northeast in about 1980 towards a large area of lowered water levels caused by groundwater pumping.
In 2013 and 2014 the Albuquerque Bernalillo County Water Utility Authority, the U.S. Air Force, and the U.S. Geological Survey began a cooperative study to characterize the geology and hydrology of the Santa Fe Group aquifer in the vicinity of the ethylene dibromide plume and to develop a local-scale groundwater flow model to delineate areas contributing recharge and zones of contribution to selected water-supply wells.
For this study, a previously developed Middle Rio Grande Basin regional groundwater-flow model was updated, and a smaller local-scale model was developed. Advective groundwater-flow paths were delineated and visualized with the MODPATH particle-tracking program.
Of 11 wells included in the historical pumping analysis of areas contributing recharge, only wells K-3, K-7, and RC-4 derived a portion of their water from simulated recharge sources within the local-scale model. None of the areas contributing recharge overlap the Bulk Fuels Facility area or the ethylene dibromide plume footprint as delineated using December 2016 ethylene dibromide data.
For the historical pumping analysis of zones of contribution, particles for the 11 selected wells generally moved southwest from the north and east boundaries of the local-scale model, moved past their target well, but reversed direction and moved back towards their target well after 1980 when groundwater flow changed to the northeast. Of the 11 wells, only BR-5, RC-5, and VH-2 had 1980–2013 particle pathlines that overlap the December 2016 ethylene dibromide plume footprint, and wells BR-5 and VH-2 have 1980–2013 particle pathlines that overlap the Bulk Fuels Facility area. Particles that were north of the Bulk Fuels Facility when groundwater flow reversed direction would not have the opportunity to interact with the ethylene dibromide plume. Wells BR-5, K-15, and VH-2 did have particles southwest of the Bulk Fuels Facility in 1980. Particles traveling to BR-5 and K-15 passed under or very near the Bulk Fuels Facility area in the 1980–2013 period, but none of the pathlines were shallow enough to interact with ethylene dibromide at the Bulk Fuels Facility. A few particles traveling to VH-2 passed through the Bulk Fuels Facility area at shallow enough depths to interact with ethylene dibromide at the Bulk Fuels Facility in the 1980–2013 period. Ethylene dibromide has not been detected in water samples collected in 2012 through 2015 from the VH-2 well.
Of 10 water-supply wells near the ethylene dibromide plume included in the future pumping analysis of areas contributing recharge, only wells K-3, RC-3, and RC-4 had areas contributing recharge within the local-scale model. The areas contributing recharge for wells RC-3 and RC-4 do not overlap the Bulk Fuels Facility area or the December 2016 ethylene dibromide plume footprint, but K-3 derives part of its recharge prior to 1980 and during 1980–2015 from within the area of the December 2016 plume footprint.
The analysis of the future pumping scenarios indicated that wells BR-5, K-3, K-16, RC-5, and VH-2 have pathlines for 1980–2015 and wells K-16 and VH-2 have pathlines for 2015–50 that when projected in plan view pass through the December 2016 plume footprint. Of these five wells, only K-3 and RC-5 have pathlines for 1980–2015 that are above an elevation of 4,800 feet and could interact with the ethylene dibromide plume if ethylene dibromide was present when the particles were present.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20195052","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Albuquerque Bernalillo County Water Utility Authority and the U.S. Air Force","usgsCitation":"Myers, N.C., and Friesz, P.J., 2019, Hydrogeologic framework and delineation of transient areas contributing recharge and zones of contribution to selected wells in the upper Santa Fe Group aquifer, southeastern Albuquerque, New Mexico, 1900–2050: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2019–5052, 73 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20195052.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 73 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"86","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-080008","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":365539,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2019/5052/sir20195052.pdf","text":"Report","size":"38.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2019–5052"},{"id":365538,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2019/5052/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":365540,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F79P303S","text":"USGS data release ","description":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"MODFLOW–LGR2 groundwater-flow model used to delineate transient areas contributing recharge and zones of contribution to selected wells in the upper Santa Fe Group aquifer, southeastern Albuquerque, New Mexico"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","county":"Bernalillo County","city":"Albuquerque","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-106.242,35.2147],[-106.2387,35.0549],[-106.2386,35.0408],[-106.2373,34.9568],[-106.1453,34.9547],[-106.1446,34.872],[-106.3328,34.8712],[-106.3569,34.8702],[-106.409,34.8687],[-106.4097,34.8914],[-106.417,34.8945],[-106.4221,34.9013],[-106.6755,34.9065],[-106.6838,34.9006],[-106.6917,34.901],[-106.6922,34.896],[-106.7139,34.8772],[-106.7127,34.8713],[-107.0181,34.8727],[-107.0227,34.8817],[-107.0641,34.9618],[-107.104,35.0395],[-107.1068,35.0454],[-107.1769,35.1809],[-107.1972,35.2197],[-107.1628,35.2192],[-107.1623,35.2192],[-107.1578,35.2192],[-107.1262,35.2186],[-107.1105,35.2188],[-107.0936,35.2189],[-107.0801,35.2186],[-107.0761,35.2186],[-107.0345,35.2185],[-106.9416,35.217],[-106.9337,35.2171],[-106.8808,35.2171],[-106.8622,35.2172],[-106.5955,35.2184],[-106.5645,35.2186],[-106.4964,35.2184],[-106.479,35.2176],[-106.4531,35.2172],[-106.3822,35.2175],[-106.3765,35.2175],[-106.242,35.2147]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Bernalillo\",\"state\":\"NM\"}}]}","contact":"Director, New Mexico Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6700 Edith Blvd. NE, Suite B
Albuquerque, NM 87113
The Land Change Monitoring, Assessment, and Projection (LCMAP) initiative uses temporally dense Landsat data and time series analyses to characterize landscape change in the United States from 1985 to present. LCMAP will be used to explain how past, present, and future landscape change affects society and natural systems. Here, we describe a modeling framework for producing high-resolution (spatial and thematic) landscape projections at a national scale, using a unique parcel-based modeling framework. The methodology was tested by modeling 11 land use scenarios and 3 climate realizations for the U.S. Great Plains. Results demonstrate 1) an ability to balance competing land-use demands from quite variable, complex scenarios, 2) urban growth that matches theoretical future patterns, 3) the value of remote sensing data sources for model parameterization and for deriving landscape parcels, and 4) a pragmatic approach that facilitates the development of high thematic- and spatial-resolution projections at a national scale.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.envsoft.2019.104495","usgsCitation":"Sohl, T.L., Dornbierer, J., Wika, S., and Robison, C., 2019, Remote sensing as the foundation for high-resolution United States landscape projections – The Land Change Monitoring, assessment, and projection (LCMAP) initiative: Environmental Modelling and Software, v. 120, 104495, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2019.104495.","productDescription":"104495, 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-110128","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467406,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2019.104495","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":366326,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"120","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sohl, Terry L. 0000-0002-9771-4231 sohl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9771-4231","contributorId":648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sohl","given":"Terry","email":"sohl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":767809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dornbierer, Jordan 0000-0003-2099-5095","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2099-5095","contributorId":213067,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dornbierer","given":"Jordan","affiliations":[{"id":38270,"text":"SGT Inc., contractor to USGS EROS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":767810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wika, Steve 0000-0001-9992-8973","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9992-8973","contributorId":213068,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wika","given":"Steve","affiliations":[{"id":38700,"text":"SGT Inc.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":767811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Robison, Charles 0000-0002-7623-2380","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7623-2380","contributorId":217916,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robison","given":"Charles","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39714,"text":"SGT Inc. (USGS Contractor)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":767812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70210860,"text":"70210860 - 2019 - Geochemical characterization of iron and steel slag and its potential to remove phosphate and neutralize acid","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-13T17:02:43.019363","indexId":"70210860","displayToPublicDate":"2019-07-31T08:17:07","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5207,"text":"Minerals","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemical characterization of iron and steel slag and its potential to remove phosphate and neutralize acid","docAbstract":"Iron and steel slags from legacy and modern operations in the Chicago-Gary area of Illinois and Indiana, USA, are predominantly composed of Ca (10 - 44 wt. % CaO), Fe, (0.3 - 28 wt. % FeO), and Si (10 - 44 wt. % SiO2), with generally lesser amounts of Al (< 1 15 wt. % Al2O3), Mg (2 11 wt. % MgO), and Mn (0.3 9 wt. % MnO). Mineralogy is dominated by CaMgAl silicates, FeCa oxides, Ca-carbonates, and high temperature SiO2 phases. Chromium and Mn concentrations in most samples may be environmentally significant based on comparison with generic soil contaminant guidelines. However, simulated weathering tests suggest these elements are present in generally insoluble phases making use in water treatment applications possible; generation of high pH and alkaline solutions may be an issue. As for water treatment applications, batch and flow-through experiments document effective removal of phosphate from synthetic solutions for nearly all slag samples. Air-cooled fine fractions (< 10 mm) of modern slag were most effective; other types, including modern granulated, modern air-cooled coarse fractions (> 10 mm), and legacy slag removed phosphate, but to a lesser degree. An additional water treatment application is the use of slag to neutralize acidic waters. Most slag samples are extremely alkaline and have high net neutralization potentials (NNP) (400 830 kg CaCO3/t), with the highest approximately equivalent to 80% the neutralization potential of calcite. Overall, phosphate removal capacity and NNP correlate positively with total Ca content and the dissolution of Ca minerals facilitates secondary Ca phosphate formation and consumes acid during hydrolysis. Utilizing locally available slag to treat waste or agricultural waters in this region may be a higher value alternative than use in construction, potentially offsetting restoration costs to degraded legacy areas and decreasing steel manufacturers current waste footprint.","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/min9080468","usgsCitation":"Piatak, N.M., Seal,, R., Hoppe, D.A., Green, C.J., and Buszka, P.M., 2019, Geochemical characterization of iron and steel slag and its potential to remove phosphate and neutralize acid: Minerals, v. 9, no. 8, 468, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/min9080468.","productDescription":"468, 26 p.","ipdsId":"IP-109123","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467407,"rank":3,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/min9080468","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":376012,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":385609,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9X7SPIK","text":"USGS Data Release","description":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"Geochemical characterization, acid neutralization potential, and phosphate removal capacity of modern and legacy iron and steel slag from the Chicago-Gary area of Illinois and Indiana, USA"}],"volume":"9","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-07-31","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Piatak, Nadine M. 0000-0002-1973-8537 npiatak@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1973-8537","contributorId":193010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatak","given":"Nadine","email":"npiatak@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":791755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Seal,, Robert R. II 0000-0003-0901-2529 rseal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0901-2529","contributorId":141204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seal,","given":"Robert R.","suffix":"II","email":"rseal@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":791756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hoppe, Darryl Andre 0000-0003-3369-5577","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3369-5577","contributorId":225586,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoppe","given":"Darryl","email":"","middleInitial":"Andre","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":791757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Green, Carlin J. 0000-0002-6557-6268 cjgreen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6557-6268","contributorId":193013,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Green","given":"Carlin","email":"cjgreen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":791758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Buszka, Paul M. 0000-0001-8218-826X pmbuszka@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8218-826X","contributorId":1786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buszka","given":"Paul","email":"pmbuszka@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":791759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70216348,"text":"70216348 - 2019 - Fire severity and changing composition of forest understory plant communities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-12T19:57:30.094224","indexId":"70216348","displayToPublicDate":"2019-07-30T13:52:16","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2490,"text":"Journal of Vegetation Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fire severity and changing composition of forest understory plant communities","docAbstract":"Gradients of fire severity in dry conifer forests can be associated with variation in understory floristic composition. Recent work in dry conifer forests in California, USA, has suggested that more severely burned stands contain more thermophilic taxa (those associated with warmer and drier conditions), and that forest disturbance may therefore accelerate floristic shifts already underway due to climate change. However, it remains unknown how rapidly thermophilic taxa shifts occur following disturbance, how long such shifts are likely to persist, and how different thermophilic post‐disturbance communities are from pre‐disturbance communities.
Colorado Front Range, USA.
We investigated these questions using a unique 15‐year vegetation plot dataset that captures pre‐ and post‐fire understory community composition across a gradient of fire severity in dry conifer forests, classifying taxa using the biogeographic affinity concept.
Thermophilization (defined here as a decrease in the ratio of cool‐mesic taxa to warm‐xeric taxa, based on biogeographic affinity of paleobotanical lineages) was observed as early as one year post‐fire for all fire severity classes, but was stronger at sites that burned at higher severity. The ratio of cool‐mesic to warm‐xeric taxa recovered to pre‐fire levels within 10 years in stands that burned at low severity, but not in stands that burned at moderate or high severity. The process of thermophilization after high‐severity fire appears to be driven primarily by the gain of warm‐xeric taxa that were absent before the fire, but losses of cool‐mesic taxa, which did not return during the duration of the study, also played a role.
Decreases in canopy cover appear to be a main contributor to understory thermophilization. Fine‐scale heterogeneity in post‐fire forest structure is likely an important driver of floristic diversity, creating the microclimatic variation necessary to maintain floristic refugia for species mal‐adapted to increasingly warm and dry conditions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/jvs.12796","usgsCitation":"Stevens, J., Miller, J., and Fornwalt, P.J., 2019, Fire severity and changing composition of forest understory plant communities: Journal of Vegetation Science, v. 30, p. 1099-1109, https://doi.org/10.1111/jvs.12796.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1099","endPage":"1109","ipdsId":"IP-104215","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":380474,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.68435668945312,\n 39.10875135935859\n ],\n [\n -105.30532836914062,\n 39.10875135935859\n ],\n [\n -105.30532836914062,\n 39.35659979720227\n ],\n [\n -105.68435668945312,\n 39.35659979720227\n ],\n [\n -105.68435668945312,\n 39.10875135935859\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"30","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-09-26","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stevens, Jens 0000-0002-2234-1960","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2234-1960","contributorId":222191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stevens","given":"Jens","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":804777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, Jesse","contributorId":147734,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"Jesse","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16916,"text":"Dept. of Zoology, University of Wisconsin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":804778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fornwalt, Paula J.","contributorId":196676,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fornwalt","given":"Paula","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":804779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70205899,"text":"70205899 - 2019 - Reduced soil macropores and forest cover reduce warm-season baseflow below ecological thresholds in the upper Delaware River Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-09T12:58:42","indexId":"70205899","displayToPublicDate":"2019-07-30T12:53:41","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reduced soil macropores and forest cover reduce warm-season baseflow below ecological thresholds in the upper Delaware River Basin","docAbstract":"We examined the impacts of changes in land cover and soil conditions on the flow regime of the upper Delaware River Basin using the Water Availability Tool for Environmental Resources (WATER). We simulated flows for two periods, circa 1600 and 1940, at three sites using the same temperature and precipitation conditions: the East Branch (EB), West Branch (WB), and mainstem Delaware River at Callicoon, NY. The 1600 period represented pristine forest and soils. The 1940 period included reduced forest cover, increased agriculture, and degraded soils with reduced soil macropore fractions. A model-sensitivity test examined the impact of soil macropore and land cover change separately. We assessed changes in flow regimes between the 1600 and 1940 periods using a variety of flow statistics, including established ecological limits of hydrologic alteration (ELOHA) thresholds. Reduced forest soil macropore fraction significantly reduced summer and fall base flows. The 1940 period had significantly lower Q50 flows (50% exceedance) than the 1600 period, as well as summer and fall Q90 and Q75-90 flows below the ELOHA thresholds. The 1- to 7-day minimum flows were also lower for the 1940 period, by 17% on the mainstem. 1940 flows were 6% more likely than the 1600 period to fall below the low-flow threshold for federally endangered dwarf wedgemussel (Alasmidonta heterodon) habitat. In contrast, the 1940 period had higher flows than the 1600 period from late fall to early winter.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/1752-1688.12777","usgsCitation":"Endreny, T.A., Kwon, P.Y., Williamson, T.N., and Evans, R., 2019, Reduced soil macropores and forest cover reduce warm-season baseflow below ecological thresholds in the upper Delaware River Basin: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 55, no. 5, p. 1268-1287, https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.12777.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"1268","endPage":"1287","ipdsId":"IP-091449","costCenters":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":368171,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York, Pennsylvania","otherGeospatial":"Upper Delaware River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.5966796875,\n 40.9964840143779\n ],\n [\n -74.3389892578125,\n 40.9964840143779\n ],\n [\n -74.3389892578125,\n 42.85583308674893\n ],\n [\n -76.5966796875,\n 42.85583308674893\n ],\n [\n -76.5966796875,\n 40.9964840143779\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"55","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-07-30","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Endreny, Theodore A.","contributorId":195489,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Endreny","given":"Theodore","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":772809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kwon, Peter Yong Seuk","contributorId":219658,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kwon","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"Yong Seuk","affiliations":[{"id":34139,"text":"Anchor QEA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":772810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Williamson, Tanja N. 0000-0002-7639-8495 tnwillia@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7639-8495","contributorId":198329,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williamson","given":"Tanja","email":"tnwillia@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":772808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Evans, Richard","contributorId":216306,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Evans","given":"Richard","affiliations":[{"id":36189,"text":"National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":772811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70204576,"text":"70204576 - 2019 - Characterizing crop water use dynamics in the Central Valley of California using landsat-derived evapotranspiration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-07T08:59:41","indexId":"70204576","displayToPublicDate":"2019-07-30T12:20:01","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3250,"text":"Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterizing crop water use dynamics in the Central Valley of California using landsat-derived evapotranspiration","docAbstract":"Understanding how different crops use water over time is essential for planning and managing water allocation, water rights, and agricultural production. The main objective of this paper is to characterize the spatiotemporal dynamics of crop water use in the Central Valley of California using Landsat-based annual actual evapotranspiration (ETa) from 2008 to 2018 derived from the Operational Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEBop) model. Crop water use for 10 crops is characterized at multiple scales. The Mann–Kendall trend analysis revealed a significant increase in area cultivated with almonds and their water use, with an annual rate of change of 16,327 ha in area and 13,488 ha-m in water use. Conversely, alfalfa showed a significant decline with 12,429 ha in area and 13,901 ha-m in water use per year during the same period. A pixel-based Mann–Kendall trend analysis showed the changing crop type and water use at the level of individual fields for all of Kern County in the Central Valley. This study demonstrates the useful application of historical Landsat ET to produce relevant water management information. Similar studies can be conducted at regional and global scales to understand and quantify the relationships between land cover change and its impact on water use.","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/rs11151782","usgsCitation":"Schauer, M., and Senay, G., 2019, Characterizing crop water use dynamics in the Central Valley of California using landsat-derived evapotranspiration: Remote Sensing, v. 15, no. 11, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11151782.","productDescription":"22 p.","ipdsId":"IP-085933","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467408,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11151782","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":366308,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","volume":"15","issue":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-07-30","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schauer, Matthew 0000-0002-4198-3379","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4198-3379","contributorId":216909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schauer","given":"Matthew","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":767618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Senay, Gabriel 0000-0002-8810-8539","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8810-8539","contributorId":216910,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senay","given":"Gabriel","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":767617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70263611,"text":"70263611 - 2019 - Rupture branching structure of the 2014 Mw 6.0 South Napa, California earthquake inferred from explosion-generated fault-zone trapped waves","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-18T15:52:39.94825","indexId":"70263611","displayToPublicDate":"2019-07-30T09:51:45","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Rupture branching structure of the 2014 Mw 6.0 South Napa, California earthquake inferred from explosion-generated fault-zone trapped waves","title":"Rupture branching structure of the 2014 Mw 6.0 South Napa, California earthquake inferred from explosion-generated fault-zone trapped waves","docAbstract":"We present evidence for multiple fault branches of the West Napa fault zone (WNFZ) based on fault‐zone trapped waves (FZTWs) generated by two explosions that were detonated within the main surface rupture zone produced by the 24 August 2014 Mw 6.0 South Napa earthquake. The FZTWs were recorded by a 15‐kilometer‐long dense (100 m spacing) linear seismic array consisting of 155 4.5‐hertz three‐component seismometers that were deployed across the surface ruptures and adjacent faults in Napa Valley in the summer of 2016. The two explosions were located ∼3.5 km north and ∼5 km south of the 2016 recording array. Prominent FZTWs, with large amplitudes and long wavetrains following the P and S waves, are observed on the seismograms. We analyzed FZTW waveforms in both time and frequency domains to characterize the branching structure of subsurface rupture zones along the WNFZ. The 2014 surface rupture zone was ∼12 km in length along the main trace of the WNFZ, which appears to form an ∼400–600‐meter‐wide low‐velocity waveguide to depths in excess of 5–7 km. Seismic velocities within the main rupture are reduced by 40%–50% relative to the surrounding‐rock velocities. Within 1.5 km of the main trace of the WNFZ, there are at least two subordinate fault traces that formed 3‐ to 6‐kilometer‐long surface breaks during the 2014 mainshock. Our modeling suggests that these subordinate fault traces are also low‐velocity waveguides that connect with the main rupture at depths of ∼2–3 km, forming a flower structure. FZTWs were also recorded at seismic stations across the Carneros fault (CF), which is ∼1 km west of the WNFZ; this suggests that the CF connects with the WNFZ at shallow depths, even though the CF did not experience surface rupture during the 2014 Mw 6.0 mainshock. 3D finite‐difference simulations of recorded FZTWs imply a branching structure along multiple fault strands associated with the WNFZ.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120180181","usgsCitation":"Li, Y., Catchings, R.D., and Goldman, M., 2019, Rupture branching structure of the 2014 Mw 6.0 South Napa, California earthquake inferred from explosion-generated fault-zone trapped waves: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 109, no. 5, p. 1907-1921, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120180181.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1907","endPage":"1921","ipdsId":"IP-102139","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":482163,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"South Napa","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.53268348510989,\n 38.51201947250749\n ],\n [\n -122.53268348510989,\n 38.149075614312096\n ],\n [\n -122.13781239621281,\n 38.149075614312096\n ],\n [\n -122.13781239621281,\n 38.51201947250749\n ],\n [\n -122.53268348510989,\n 38.51201947250749\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"109","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-07-30","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Li, Yong-Gang","contributorId":178873,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Yong-Gang","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":927567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Catchings, Rufus D. 0000-0002-5191-6102 catching@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5191-6102","contributorId":1519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Catchings","given":"Rufus","email":"catching@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":927568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goldman, Mark 0000-0002-0802-829X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0802-829X","contributorId":205863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldman","given":"Mark","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":927569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70204791,"text":"70204791 - 2019 - Introduction to special issue on gas hydrate in porous media: Linking laboratory and field‐scale phenomena","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-09T09:50:21","indexId":"70204791","displayToPublicDate":"2019-07-29T10:37:47","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Introduction to special issue on gas hydrate in porous media: Linking laboratory and field‐scale phenomena","docAbstract":"The proliferation of drilling expeditions focused on characterizing natural gas hydrate as a potential energy resource has spawned widespread interest in gas hydrate reservoir properties and associated porous media phenomena. Between 2017 and 2019, a Special Section of this journal compiled contributed papers elucidating interactions between gas hydrate and sediment based on laboratory, numerical modeling, and field studies. Motivated mostly by field observations in the northern Gulf of Mexico and offshore Japan, several papers focus on the mechanisms for gas hydrate formation and accumulation, particularly with vapor phase gas, not dissolved gas, as the precursor to hydrate. These studies rely on numerical modeling or laboratory experiments using sediment packs or benchtop micromodels. A second focus of the Special Section is the role of fines in inhibiting production of gas from methane hydrate, controlling the distribution of hydrate at a pore scale, and influencing the bulk behavior of seafloor sediments. Other papers fill knowledge gaps related to the physical properties of hydrate-bearing sediments and advance new approaches in coupled thermal-mechanical modeling of these sediments during hydrate dissociation. Finally, one study addresses the long-standing question about the fate of methane hydrate at the molecular level when CO2 is injected into natural reservoirs under hydrate-forming conditions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/2019JB018186","usgsCitation":"Ruppel, C.D., Lee, J.Y., and Pecher, I., 2019, Introduction to special issue on gas hydrate in porous media: Linking laboratory and field‐scale phenomena: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 124, no. 8, p. 7525-7537, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JB018186.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"7525","endPage":"7537","ipdsId":"IP-109000","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467412,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2019jb018186","text":"External Repository"},{"id":366596,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"124","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-08-14","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ruppel, Carolyn D. 0000-0003-2284-6632 cruppel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2284-6632","contributorId":195778,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruppel","given":"Carolyn","email":"cruppel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":768492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lee, Joo Yong","contributorId":218160,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lee","given":"Joo","email":"","middleInitial":"Yong","affiliations":[{"id":39769,"text":"KIGAM South Korea","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":768493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pecher, Ingo","contributorId":218161,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pecher","given":"Ingo","affiliations":[{"id":39770,"text":"U. of Auckland, New Zealand","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":768494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70206401,"text":"70206401 - 2019 - Impacts of suspended sediment on nearshore benthic light availability following dam removal in a small mountainous river:In situ observations and statistical modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-04T10:50:13","indexId":"70206401","displayToPublicDate":"2019-07-29T06:52:07","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1584,"text":"Estuaries and Coasts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impacts of suspended sediment on nearshore benthic light availability following dam removal in a small mountainous river:In situ observations and statistical modeling","docAbstract":"The 2011–2014 removal of two dams from the Elwha River, WA, delivered ~ 19 Mt of sediment to the marine environment, creating an opportunity to study the sensitivity of a coastal ecosystem to large-scale sediment input. Macroalgae, the primary habitat-forming species in the nearshore, disappeared from the region. It was hypothesized that this mortality event was caused by a reduction in benthic light availability due to increased turbidity. To investigate this connection, nearshore processes and benthic light availability were monitored at 7 locations along the 10-m isobath in 2016 and 2017. The primary driver of light attenuation was suspended sediment, with measured chlorophyll-a and CDOM concentrations contributing < 15% to observed attenuation values. A Bootstrap-aggregated Regression Tree was trained to predict attenuation from the in situ data. Light attenuation was impacted by both sediment transport in the river plume, represented in the model by fluvial suspended sediment load and tidal current direction, and subsurface resuspension, represented by wave height and bed shear velocity. The models were used to hindcast light availability during the dam removal. Total daily benthic light availability was below the 1–2 mol photons/m2/day threshold for macroalgae growth consistently in 2013 and seasonally in 2012 and 2014, supporting the hypothesis that reduced light availability caused the mortality event. Light availability increased in 2016–2017 as the annual sediment load decreased, and macroalgae were concurrently observed in the region. Predicting benthic light availability over event, tidal, and seasonal timescales by accounting for both near-surface and subsurface attenuation will improve management strategies designed to limit ecosystem damage during sediment delivery events.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s12237-019-00602-5","usgsCitation":"Glover, H.E., Ogston, A.S., Miller, I.M., Eidam, E., Rubin, S., and Berry, H., 2019, Impacts of suspended sediment on nearshore benthic light availability following dam removal in a small mountainous river:In situ observations and statistical modeling: Estuaries and Coasts, v. 42, no. 7, p. 1804-1820, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-019-00602-5.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1804","endPage":"1820","ipdsId":"IP-109587","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":368859,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Elwha River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.815673828125,\n 45.61403741135093\n ],\n [\n -121.387939453125,\n 45.61403741135093\n ],\n [\n -121.387939453125,\n 48.40732607972984\n ],\n [\n -124.815673828125,\n 48.40732607972984\n ],\n [\n -124.815673828125,\n 45.61403741135093\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"42","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-07-29","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Glover, H E","contributorId":220183,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Glover","given":"H","email":"","middleInitial":"E","affiliations":[{"id":40141,"text":"University of Washington, School of Oceanography, Box 357940, Seattle, Washington, 98195","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":774408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ogston, A S","contributorId":220184,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ogston","given":"A","email":"","middleInitial":"S","affiliations":[{"id":40141,"text":"University of Washington, School of Oceanography, Box 357940, Seattle, Washington, 98195","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":774409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, I M","contributorId":220185,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"I","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":40142,"text":"Washington Sea Grant, 3716 Brooklyn Avenue NE, Seattle, Washington, 98105","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":774410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Eidam, E F","contributorId":220186,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eidam","given":"E F","affiliations":[{"id":40143,"text":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 3202 Venable and Murray Halls, CB 3300, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":774411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rubin, Steve 0000-0003-3054-7173","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3054-7173","contributorId":220187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rubin","given":"Steve","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":774412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Berry, H D","contributorId":220188,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Berry","given":"H D","affiliations":[{"id":40144,"text":"Washington Department of Natural Resources, MS 47027, Olympia, Washington, 98504","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":774413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70205961,"text":"70205961 - 2019 - Evaluation of stream and wetlands restoration using UAS-based thermal infrared mapping","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-27T16:13:54.55326","indexId":"70205961","displayToPublicDate":"2019-07-29T06:51:18","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3709,"text":"Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of stream and wetlands restoration using UAS-based thermal infrared mapping","docAbstract":"Large-scale wetland restoration often focuses on repairing the hydrologic connections degraded by anthropogenic modifications. Of these hydrologic connections, groundwater discharge is an important target, as these surface water ecosystem control points are important to thermal stability, among other ecosystem services. However, evaluating the effectiveness of the restoration activities on establishing groundwater discharge connection is often difficult over the vast area and often challenging or inaccessible terrain of wetlands. Unoccupied aerial systems (UAS) are now routinely used for collecting aerial imagery and creating digital surface models (DSM). Lightweight thermal infrared (TIR) sensors provide another payload option for generation of sub-meter resolution aerial TIR orthophotos. This technology allows for the rapid and safe survey of groundwater discharge areas. Aerial TIR water-surface data were collected March 2019 at Tidmarsh Farms, a former commercial cranberry peatland located in coastal Massachusetts, USA (41°54'17.6\"N 70°34'17.4\"W), where stream and wetland restoration actions were completed in 2016. Here we present a 0.4 km2 georeferenced, temperature calibrated TIR orthophoto of the area. The image represents a mosaic of nearly 900 TIR images captured by UAS in a single morning with a total flight time of 36 minutes, and is supported by a DSM derived from UAS visible imagery. The survey was conducted in winter to maximize temperature contrast between relatively warm groundwater and colder ambient surface environment; lower-density groundwater rises above cool surface waters and thus can be imaged by a UAS. The resulting TIR orthomosaic shows fine detail of seepage distribution and downstream influence along the several restored channel forms, which was an objective of the ecological restoration design. The restored stream channel has increased connectivity to peatland groundwater discharge, reducing the ecosystem thermal stressors. Such aerial techniques can be used to guide ecological restoration design and assess post-restoration outcomes, especially in settings where ecosystem structure and function is governed by groundwater and surface water interaction.","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/w11081568","usgsCitation":"Harvey, M., Hare, D., Hackman, A., Davenport, G., Haynes, A., Helton, A., Lane, J.W., and Briggs, M., 2019, Evaluation of stream and wetlands restoration using UAS-based thermal infrared mapping: Water, v. 11, no. 8, 1568, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/w11081568.","productDescription":"1568, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-109877","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467416,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/w11081568","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":368290,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-07-29","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harvey, Mark","contributorId":190941,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harvey","given":"Mark","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":773064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hare, Danielle K.","contributorId":219738,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hare","given":"Danielle","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":36710,"text":"University of Connecticut","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":773065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hackman, Alex","contributorId":219739,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hackman","given":"Alex","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40057,"text":"Massachusetts DER","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":773066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Davenport, Glorianna","contributorId":219740,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davenport","given":"Glorianna","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40058,"text":"The Living Observatory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":773067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Haynes, Adam","contributorId":216657,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Haynes","given":"Adam","affiliations":[{"id":36710,"text":"University of Connecticut","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":773068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Helton, Ashley","contributorId":219741,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Helton","given":"Ashley","affiliations":[{"id":36710,"text":"University of Connecticut","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":773069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lane, John W. 0000-0002-3558-243X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3558-243X","contributorId":219742,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lane","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":773070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Briggs, Martin 0000-0003-3206-4132","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3206-4132","contributorId":219737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Martin","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":773063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70204507,"text":"70204507 - 2019 - See how they ran: Morphological and functional aspects of skeletons from ancient Egyptian shrew mummies (Eulipotyphla: Soricidae: Crocidurinae)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-29T17:28:29","indexId":"70204507","displayToPublicDate":"2019-07-27T16:51:20","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2373,"text":"Journal of Mammalogy","onlineIssn":"1545-1542","printIssn":"0022-2372","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"See how they ran: Morphological and functional aspects of skeletons from ancient Egyptian shrew mummies (Eulipotyphla: Soricidae: Crocidurinae)","title":"See how they ran: Morphological and functional aspects of skeletons from ancient Egyptian shrew mummies (Eulipotyphla: Soricidae: Crocidurinae)","docAbstract":"Animals served important roles in the religious cults that proliferated during the Late (ca. 747–332 BCE) and Greco-Roman periods (332 BCE–CE 337) of ancient Egypt. One result was the interment of animal mummies in specialized necropolises distributed throughout the country. Excavation of a rock-tomb that was re-used during the Ptolemaic Period (ca. 309–30 BCE) for the interment of animal mummies at the Djehuty Site (TT 11-12) near Luxor, Egypt, was carried out in early 2018 by a Spanish-Egyptian team sponsored by the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid. The tomb burned sometime after deposition of the mummies, leaving behind abundant disassociated skeletal remains, primarily of avians, but also including two species of shrews (Soricidae): Crocidura olivieri (Lesson, 1827) and C. religiosa (I. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1826). To investigate possible intraspecific variation in morphology and locomotor function in these two species during the last two millennia, we measured morphological features of individual postcranial bones from the two archaeological samples and calculated indices that have been used to assess locomotor function. We compared the measurements to those from modern C. olivieri, C. religiosa, and C. suaveolens (Pallas, 1811) using principal components analysis, and we compared locomotor indices to those we calculated for the three modern species of Crocidura and to those from nine species of myosoricine shrews. Osteological features of the postcranial skeleton of conspecific Ptolemaic and modern samples of C. olivieri and C. religiosa are generally similar in character and proportion, and, skeletally, these shrews and modern C. suaveolens are consistent with soricids having a primarily ambulatory locomotor mode. One exception is the deltopectoral crest of the humerus, which appears to be longer in modern C. religiosa. Despite general conservation of form and function, Ptolemaic C. olivieri had larger body size than modern Egyptian populations and were more similar in size to modern C. olivieri nyansae, 1900 from Kenya than to modern C. olivieri olivieri from Egypt.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1093/jmammal/gyz091","usgsCitation":"Woodman, N., Wilken, A.T., and Ikram, S., 2019, See how they ran: Morphological and functional aspects of skeletons from ancient Egyptian shrew mummies (Eulipotyphla: Soricidae: Crocidurinae): Journal of Mammalogy, v. 100, no. 4, p. 1199-1210, https://doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyz091.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1199","endPage":"1210","ipdsId":"IP-107728","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":366039,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Egypt","city":"Luxor","otherGeospatial":"Dra Abu el-Naga","volume":"100","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-05-29","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Woodman, Neal 0000-0003-2689-7373 nwoodman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2689-7373","contributorId":3547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodman","given":"Neal","email":"nwoodman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":767325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilken, Alec T.","contributorId":217703,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilken","given":"Alec","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":39687,"text":"University of Missouri, Columbia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":767326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ikram, Salima","contributorId":217704,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ikram","given":"Salima","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39688,"text":"American University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":767327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70207040,"text":"70207040 - 2019 - Growth and mortality of invasive Flathead Catfish in the tidal James River, Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-08T14:14:03","indexId":"70207040","displayToPublicDate":"2019-07-26T15:10:44","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2287,"text":"Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Growth and mortality of invasive Flathead Catfish in the tidal James River, Virginia","docAbstract":"Invasive species are a major threat to biodiversity of native fishes in North America. In Atlantic coastal rivers of the United States, large catfishes introduced from the Gulf of Mexico drainages have become established and contributed to native species declines. Flathead Catfish Pylodictis olivaris were introduced to the Chesapeake Bay drainage in the 1960s and 1970s in the James and Potomac river systems in the eastern United States. Diet studies have found James River Flathead Catfish function as apex predators and are known to consume at-risk Alosa spp. To limit further range expansion and impacts to native species, resource management agencies need information on population characteristics to support population assessments and management plan development. Thus, we examined temporal trends in growth rates and estimated total instantaneous mortality for tidal James River Flathead Catfish collected by Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries from 1997 to 2015. Parameters of the von Bertalanffy growth model with length-at-age observations pooled across sampling years were estimated as L∞ = 1,059 mm, k = 0.231/y, and t0 = 0.55 y. Flathead Catfish growth differed among sampling years, especially for the years 2007 and 2014, which had the largest sample sizes. However, there were no obvious temporal trends in growth trajectories. James River Flathead Catfish tend to grow much faster than most populations used in development of the relative growth index, but the species is known to grow faster in its nonnative range. Consequently, scientists and managers should use caution when applying growth indices if native and nonnative populations are not expressly considered in development of the index. We estimated total instantaneous mortality as Z = 0.50 and mean natural mortality from six estimators as M = 0.30. A lack of older individuals in the population means that mortality rates may be overestimated as a result of gear selectivity or ongoing maturation of the population. These data provide information to support future work examining the species in the James River and development of population models to evaluate management strategies and management plans.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","doi":"10.3996/052019-JFWM-033","usgsCitation":"Hilling, C., Bunch, A.J., Emmel, J.A., Schmitt, J., and Orth, D.J., 2019, Growth and mortality of invasive Flathead Catfish in the tidal James River, Virginia: Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management, v. 10, no. 2, p. 641-652, https://doi.org/10.3996/052019-JFWM-033.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"641","endPage":"652","ipdsId":"IP-109933","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":460321,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3996/052019-jfwm-033","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":369916,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia ","otherGeospatial":"James River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.4208984375,\n 37.06394430056685\n ],\n [\n -76.387939453125,\n 37.28279464911045\n ],\n [\n -77.398681640625,\n 37.61423141542417\n ],\n [\n -79.89257812499999,\n 38.09998264736481\n ],\n [\n -80.716552734375,\n 37.98750437106374\n ],\n [\n -78.760986328125,\n 37.640334898059486\n ],\n [\n -77.53051757812499,\n 37.49229399862877\n ],\n [\n -76.31103515625,\n 36.82687474287728\n ],\n [\n -76.4208984375,\n 37.06394430056685\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"10","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hilling, Corbin D.","contributorId":221021,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hilling","given":"Corbin D.","affiliations":[{"id":12694,"text":"Virginia Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":776611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bunch, Aaron J.","contributorId":221022,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bunch","given":"Aaron","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":35592,"text":"Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":776612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Emmel, Jason A.","contributorId":221023,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Emmel","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":40312,"text":"Solitude Lake Management","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":776613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schmitt, Joseph 0000-0002-8354-4067","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8354-4067","contributorId":221020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmitt","given":"Joseph","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":776610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Orth, Donald J.","contributorId":221024,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Orth","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":12694,"text":"Virginia Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":776614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ]}