{"pageNumber":"318","pageRowStart":"7925","pageSize":"25","recordCount":10457,"records":[{"id":70020942,"text":"70020942 - 1998 - Regional characterization of land cover using multiple sources of data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-23T13:08:01","indexId":"70020942","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3052,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Regional characterization of land cover using multiple sources of data","docAbstract":"Many organizations require accurate intermediate-scale land-cover information for many applications, including modeling nutrient and pesticide runoff, understanding spatial patterns of biodiversity, land-use planning, and policy development. While many techniques have been successfully used to classify land cover in relatively small regions, there are substantial obstacles in applying these methods to large, multiscene regions. The purpose of this study was to generate and evaluate a large region land-cover classification product using a multiple-layer land-characteristics database approach. To derive land-cover information, mosaicked Landsat thematic mapper (TM) scenes were analyzed in conjunction with digital elevation data (and derived slope, aspect, and shaded relief), population census information, Defense Meteorological Satellite Program city lights data, prior land-use and land-cover data, digital line graph data, and National Wetlands Inventory data. Both leaf-on and leaf-off TM data sets were analyzed. The study area was U.S. Federal Region III, which includes the states of Pennsylvania, Virginia, Maryland, Delaware, and West Virginia. The general procedure involved (1) generating mosaics of multiple scenes of leaves-on TM data using histogram equalization methods; (2) clustering mosaics into 100 spectral classes using unsupervised classification; (3) interpreting and labeling spectral classes into approximately 15 land-cover categories (analogous to Anderson Level 1 and 2 classes) using aerial photographs; (4) developing decision-making rules and models using from one to several ancillary data layers to resolve confusion in spectral classes that represented two or more targeted land-cover categories; and (5) incorporating data from other sources (for example, leaf-off TM data and National Wetlands Inventory data) to yield a final land-cover product. Although standard accuracy assessments were not done, a series of consistency checks using available sources of land-cover information were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of this approach for generating accurate land-cover information for large regions.","language":"English","publisher":"ASPRS","issn":"00991112","usgsCitation":"Vogelmann, J., Sohl, T., and Howard, S.M., 1998, Regional characterization of land cover using multiple sources of data: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 64, no. 1, p. 45-57.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"45","endPage":"57","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":230083,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"64","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a4b2e4b0e8fec6cdbc0d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vogelmann, James E. 0000-0002-0804-5823","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0804-5823","contributorId":16604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vogelmann","given":"James E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":388049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sohl, Terry L. 0000-0002-9771-4231","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9771-4231","contributorId":72157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sohl","given":"Terry L.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":388051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Howard, Stephen M. 0000-0001-5255-5882 smhoward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5255-5882","contributorId":3483,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howard","given":"Stephen","email":"smhoward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":388050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70020656,"text":"70020656 - 1998 - Review of magnetic field monitoring near active faults and volcanic calderas in California: 1974-1995","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-22T15:36:53","indexId":"70020656","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3071,"text":"Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Review of magnetic field monitoring near active faults and volcanic calderas in California: 1974-1995","docAbstract":"Differential magnetic fields have been monitored along the San Andreas fault and the Long Valley caldera since 1974. At each monitoring location, proton precession magnetometers sample total magnetic field intensity at a resolution of 0.1 nT or 0.25 nT. Every 10 min, data samples are transmitted via satellite telemetry to Menlo Park, CA for processing and analysis. The number of active magnetometer sites has varied during the past 21 years from 6 to 25, with 12 sites currently operational. We use this network to identify magnetic field changes generated by earthquake and volcanic processes. During the two decades of monitoring, five moderate earthquakes (M5.9 to M7.3) have occurred within 20 km of magnetometer sites located along the San Andreas fault and only one preseismic signal of 1.5 nT has been observed. During moderate earthquakes, coseismic magnetic signals, with amplitudes from 0.7 nT to 1.3 nT, have been identified for 3 of the 5 events. These observations are generally consistent with those calculated from simple seismomagnetic models of these earthquakes and near-fault coseismic magnetic field disturbances rarely exceed one nanotesla. These data are consistent with the concept of low shear stress and relatively uniform displacement of the San Andreas fault system as expected due to high pore fluid pressure on the fault. A systematic decrease of 0.8-1 nT/year in magnetic field has occurred in the Long Valley caldera since 1989. These magnetic field data are similar in form to observed geodetically measured displacements from inflation of the resurgent dome. A simple volcanomagnetic model involving pressure increase of 50 MPa/a at a depth of 7 km under the resurgent dome can replicate these magnetic field observations. This model is derived from the intrusion model that best fits the surface deformation data. ?? 1998 Elsevier Science B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/S0031-9201(97)00086-1","issn":"00319201","usgsCitation":"Mueller, R., and Johnston, M., 1998, Review of magnetic field monitoring near active faults and volcanic calderas in California: 1974-1995: Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, v. 105, no. 3-4, p. 131-144, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9201(97)00086-1.","startPage":"131","endPage":"144","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231232,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":266260,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9201(97)00086-1"}],"volume":"105","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aac76e4b0c8380cd86d46","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mueller, R.J.","contributorId":77135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mueller","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnston, M.J.S. 0000-0003-4326-8368","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4326-8368","contributorId":104889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnston","given":"M.J.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70021160,"text":"70021160 - 1998 - Tectonic setting of synorogenic gold deposits of the Pacific Rim","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:40","indexId":"70021160","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2954,"text":"Ore Geology Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tectonic setting of synorogenic gold deposits of the Pacific Rim","docAbstract":"More than 420 million oz of gold were concentrated in circum-Pacific synorogenic quartz loades mainly during two periods of continental growth, one along the Gondwanan margin in the Palaeozoic and the other in the northern Pacific basin between 170 and 50 Ma. These ores have many features in common and can be grouped into a single type of lode gold deposit widespread throughout clastic sedimentary-rock dominant terranes. The auriferous veins contain only a few percent sulphide minerals, have gold:silver ratios typically greater than 1:1, show a distinct association with medium grade metamorphic rocks, and may be associated with large-scale fault zone. Ore fluids are consistently of low salinity and are CO2-rich. In the early and middle Palaeozoic in the southern Pacific basin, a single immense turbidite sequence was added to the eastern margin of Gondwanaland. Deformation of these rocks in southeastern Australia was accompanied by deposition of at least 80 million oz of gold in the Victorian sector of the Lachlan fold belt mainly during the Middle and Late Devonian. Lesser Devonian gold accumulations characterized the more northerly parts of the Gondwanan margin within the Hodgkinson-Broken River and Thomson fold belts. Additional lodes were emplaced in this flyschoid sequence in Devonian or earlier Palaeozoic times in what is now the Buller Terrane, Westland, New Zealand. Minor post-Devonian growth of Gondwanaland included terrane collision and formation of gold-bearing veins in the Permian in Australia's New England fold belt and in the Jurassic-Early Cretaceous in New Zealand's Otago schists. Collision and accretion of dozens of terranes for a 100-m.y.-long period against the western margin of North America and eastern margin of Eurasia led to widespread, lattest Jurassic to Eocene gold veining in the northern Pacific basin. In the former location, Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous veins and related placer deposits along the western margin of the Sierra Nevada batholith have yielded more than 100 million oz of gold. Additional significant ore-forming events during the development of North America's Cordilleran orogen included those in the Klamath Mountains region, California in the Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous; the Klondike district, Yukon by the Early Cretaceous; the Nome and Fairbanks districts, Alaska, and the Bridge River district, British Columbia in the middle Cretaceous; and the Juneau gold belt, Alaska in the Eocene. Gold-bearing veins deposited during the Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous terrane collision that formed the present-day Russian Far East have been the source for more than 130 million oz of placer gold. The abundance of gold-bearing quartz-carbonate veins throughout the Gondwanan, North American and Eurasian continental margins suggests the migration and concentration of large fluid volumes during continental growth. Such volumes could be released during orogenic heating of hydrous silicate mineral phases within accreted marine strata. The common temporal association between gold veining and magmatism around the Pacific Rim reflects these thermal episodes. Melting of the lower thickened crust during arc formation, slab rollback and extensional tectonism, and subduction of a slab window beneath the seaward part of the forearc region can all provide the required heat for initation of the ore-forming processes.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ore Geology Reviews","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0169-1368(97)00018-8","issn":"01691368","usgsCitation":"Goldfarb, R., Phillips, G., and Nokleberg, W., 1998, Tectonic setting of synorogenic gold deposits of the Pacific Rim: Ore Geology Reviews, v. 13, no. 1-5, p. 185-218, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-1368(97)00018-8.","startPage":"185","endPage":"218","numberOfPages":"34","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":206422,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-1368(97)00018-8"},{"id":229699,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","issue":"1-5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba47be4b08c986b32037d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goldfarb, R.J.","contributorId":38143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldfarb","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":388836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Phillips, G.N.","contributorId":96439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"G.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":388838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nokleberg, W. J. 0000-0002-1574-8869","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1574-8869","contributorId":68312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nokleberg","given":"W. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":388837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70021340,"text":"70021340 - 1998 - The Cascadia Subduction Zone: Two contrasting models of lithospheric structure","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-06T11:54:43.729781","indexId":"70021340","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3067,"text":"Physics and Chemistry of the Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Cascadia Subduction Zone: Two contrasting models of lithospheric structure","docAbstract":"The Pacific margin of North America is one of the most complicated regions in the world in terms of its structure and present day geodynamic regime. The aim of this work is to develop a better understanding of lithospheric structure of the Pacific Northwest, in particular the Cascadia subduction zone of Southwest Canada and Northwest USA. The goal is to compare and contrast the lithospheric density structure along two profiles across the subduction zone and to interpet the differences in terms of active processes. The subduction of the Juan de Fuca plate beneath North America changes markedly along the length of the subduction zone, notably in the angle of subduction, distribution of earthquakes and volcanism, goelogic and seismic structure of the upper plate, and regional horizontal stress. To investigate these characteristics, we conducted detailed density modeling of the crust and mantle along two transects across the Cascadia subduction zone. One crosses Vancouver Island and the Canadian margin, the other crosses the margin of central Oregon.","largerWorkTitle":"","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0079-1946(98)00028-7","issn":"00791946","usgsCitation":"Romanyuk, T., Blakely, R., and Mooney, W.D., 1998, The Cascadia Subduction Zone: Two contrasting models of lithospheric structure: Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, v. 23, no. 3, p. 297-301, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-1946(98)00028-7.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"297","endPage":"301","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":230186,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States, Canada","state":"Oregon, Washington, British Columbia","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -125.20019531249999,\n              42.5530802889558\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.90527343750001,\n              42.5530802889558\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.90527343750001,\n              51.28940590271679\n            ],\n            [\n              -125.20019531249999,\n              51.28940590271679\n            ],\n            [\n              -125.20019531249999,\n              42.5530802889558\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"23","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba6bee4b08c986b32126b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Romanyuk, T.V.","contributorId":91270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Romanyuk","given":"T.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blakely, R.","contributorId":65569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blakely","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mooney, Walter D. 0000-0002-5310-3631 mooney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5310-3631","contributorId":3194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mooney","given":"Walter","email":"mooney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":389529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70020880,"text":"70020880 - 1998 - Effect of cable capacitance on in-situ borehole geophone calibration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-15T12:37:17.368359","indexId":"70020880","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1808,"text":"Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of cable capacitance on in-situ borehole geophone calibration","docAbstract":"<div class=\"col-sm-8 col-md-8 article__content\"><div class=\"article__body \"><div class=\"hlFld-Abstract\"><div class=\"abstractSection abstractInFull\"><p>Using 2-Hz electromagnetic moving‐coil geophones as sensing elements, we have constructed and deployed three‐component seismometers in boreholes at various sites for wave‐propagation studies associated with earthquake hazards (Liu et al., 1991). For example, one such seismometer has been deployed in a 88-m deep borehole reaching bedrock in the Marina District of San Francisco since 1990 (Liu et al., 1992) for the purpose of comparing ground motions in the bedrock and those at the surface. Periodic calibrations for such geophones are necessary to check if the geophone parameters have changed because of decreased magnetization of the geophone ferro‐magnet. For example, the coil transductance of the vertical‐component geophone of the borehole seismometer mentioned above was calibrated to be 121 V-s/m using phase‐ellipse test and step test before deployment. Sixty six months after the deployment, the coil transductance, when calibrated in situ and with a 100-m intervening cable between the geophone and the calibration instrument, was found to be 114 V-s/m.</p></div></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists","doi":"10.1190/1.1444312","issn":"00168033","usgsCitation":"Liu, H.P., and Warrick, R., 1998, Effect of cable capacitance on in-situ borehole geophone calibration: Geophysics, v. 63, no. 1, p. 18-24, https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1444312.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"18","endPage":"24","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":229880,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"63","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a05c5e4b0c8380cd50f4e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Liu, Huaibao P.","contributorId":14581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Huaibao","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Warrick, R.E.","contributorId":43774,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warrick","given":"R.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70020867,"text":"70020867 - 1998 - Carbon dioxide and helium emissions from a reservoir of magmatic gas beneath Mammoth Mountain, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-27T11:34:00","indexId":"70020867","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Carbon dioxide and helium emissions from a reservoir of magmatic gas beneath Mammoth Mountain, California","docAbstract":"<p><span>Carbon dioxide and helium with isotopic compositions indicative of a magmatic source ( δ</span><sup>13</sup><span>C = −4.5 to −5‰,&nbsp;</span><sup>3</sup><span>He/&nbsp;</span><sup>4</sup><span>He = 4.5 to 6.7 R</span><sub>A</sub><span>) are discharging at anomalous rates from Mammoth Mountain, on the southwestern rim of the Long Valley caldera in eastern California. The gas is released mainly as diffuse emissions from normal‐temperature soils, but some gas issues from steam vents or leaves the mountain dissolved in cold groundwater. The rate of gas discharge increased significantly in 1989 following a 6‐month period of persistent earthquake swarms and associated strain and ground deformation that has been attributed to dike emplacement beneath the mountain. An increase in the magmatic component of helium discharging in a steam vent on the north side of Mammoth Mountain, which also began in 1989, has persisted until the present time. Anomalous CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;discharge from soils first occurred during the winter of 1990 and was followed by observations of several areas of tree kill and/or heavier than normal needlecast the following summer. Subsequent measurements have confirmed that the tree kills are associated with CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;concentrations of 30–90% in soil gas and gas flow rates of up to 31,000 g m</span><sup>−2</sup><span>&nbsp;d</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;at the soil surface. Each of the tree‐kill areas and one area of CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;discharge above tree line occurs in close proximity to one or more normal faults, which may provide conduits for gas flow from depth. We estimate that the total diffuse CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;flux from the mountain is approximately 520 t/d, and that 30–50 t/d of CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;are dissolved in cold groundwater flowing off the flanks of the mountain. Isotopic and chemical analyses of soil and fumarolic gas demonstrate a remarkable homogeneity in composition, suggesting that the CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;and associated helium and excess nitrogen may be derived from a common gas reservoir whose source is associated with some combination of magmatic degassing and thermal metamorphism of metasedimentary rocks. Furthermore, N</span><sub>2</sub><span>/Ar ratios and nitrogen isotopic values indicate that the Mammoth Mountain gases are derived from sources separate from those that supply gas to the hydrothermal system within the Long Valley caldera. Various data suggest that the Mammoth Mountain gas reservoir is a large, low‐temperature cap over an isolated hydrothermal system, that it predates the 1989 intrusion, and that it could remain a source of gas discharge for some time.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1029/98JB01389","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Sorey, M., Evans, W.C., Kennedy, B.M., Farrar, C.D., Hainsworth, L., and Hausback, B., 1998, Carbon dioxide and helium emissions from a reservoir of magmatic gas beneath Mammoth Mountain, California: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 103, no. 7, p. 15303-15323, https://doi.org/10.1029/98JB01389.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"15303","endPage":"15323","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":489109,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/98jb01389","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":229681,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"103","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1998-07-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f35de4b0c8380cd4b75a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sorey, M.L.","contributorId":73185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sorey","given":"M.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Evans, William C.","contributorId":104903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kennedy, B. M.","contributorId":97638,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Farrar, C. D.","contributorId":71978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farrar","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hainsworth, L.J.","contributorId":98486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hainsworth","given":"L.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hausback, B.","contributorId":68912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hausback","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70020861,"text":"70020861 - 1998 - Interaction between stream temperature, streamflow, and groundwater exchanges in alpine streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-01T06:26:35","indexId":"70020861","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interaction between stream temperature, streamflow, and groundwater exchanges in alpine streams","docAbstract":"<p><span>Four alpine streams were monitored to continuously collect stream temperature and streamflow for periods ranging from a week to a year. In a small stream in the Colorado Rockies, diurnal variations in both stream temperature and streamflow were significantly greater in losing reaches than in gaining reaches, with minimum streamflow losses occurring early in the day and maximum losses occurring early in the evening. Using measured stream temperature changes, diurnal streambed infiltration rates were predicted to increase as much as 35% during the day (based on a heat and water transport groundwater model), while the measured increase in streamflow loss was 40%. For two large streams in the Sierra Nevada Mountains, annual stream temperature variations ranged from 0° to 25°C. In summer months, diurnal stream temperature variations were 30–40% of annual stream temperature variations, owing to reduced streamflows and increased atmospheric heating. Previous reports document that one Sierra stream site generally gains groundwater during low flows, while the second Sierra stream site may lose water during low flows. For August the diurnal streamflow variation was 11% at the gaining stream site and 30% at the losing stream site. On the basis of measured diurnal stream temperature variations, streambed infiltration rates were predicted to vary diurnally as much as 20% at the losing stream site. Analysis of results suggests that evapotranspiration losses determined diurnal streamflow variations in the gaining reaches, while in the losing reaches, evapotranspiration losses were compounded by diurnal variations in streambed infiltration. Diurnal variations in stream temperature were reduced in the gaining reaches as a result of discharging groundwater of relatively constant temperature. For the Sierra sites, comparison of results with those from a small tributary demonstrated that stream temperature patterns were useful in delineating discharges of bank storage following dam releases. Direct coupling may have occurred between streamflow and stream temperature for losing stream reaches, such that reduced streamflows facilitated increased afternoon stream temperatures and increased afternoon stream temperatures induced increased streambed losses, leading to even greater increases in both stream temperature and streamflow losses.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/98WR00998","usgsCitation":"Constantz, J., 1998, Interaction between stream temperature, streamflow, and groundwater exchanges in alpine streams: Water Resources Research, v. 34, no. 7, p. 1609-1615, https://doi.org/10.1029/98WR00998.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1609","endPage":"1615","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":230276,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3cace4b0c8380cd62f38","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Constantz, James E. 0000-0002-4062-2096 jconstan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4062-2096","contributorId":1962,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Constantz","given":"James E.","email":"jconstan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":387797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70020855,"text":"70020855 - 1998 - Survival costs of chick rearing in black-legged kittiwakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-17T16:48:12","indexId":"70020855","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2158,"text":"Journal of Animal Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Survival costs of chick rearing in black-legged kittiwakes","docAbstract":"<p><strong>1.</strong> We tested for costs of chick rearing in the black-legged kittiwake <i>Rissa tridactyla</i> (Linnaeus) by removing entire clutches from 149 of 405 randomly selected nests, in which one or both mates was colour-banded. After the manipulation, we monitored adult nest attendance and body condition at unmanipulated and manipulated nests, and measured the survival and fecundity of these adults the following year.</p><p><strong>2.</strong> Late in the chick-rearing period, adults from unmanipulated nests (i.e. with chicks) went on significantly longer foraging trips, and were significantly lighter for their size, than adults from manipulated nests (i.e. without chicks).</p><p><strong>3.</strong> Adults from unmanipulated nests also survived to the following nesting season at a significantly lower rate than those from the manipulated nests (0·898 vs. 0·953), suggesting that attempting to raise chicks can reduce life expectancy by 55%.</p><p><strong>4.</strong> There was a tendency for adults from nests that were unmanipulated in year one to have lower reproductive success in year two, primarily because of reduced fledging success, and a higher incidence of non-breeding.</p><p><strong>5.</strong> These findings suggest that mass loss in kittiwakes during chick rearing may not be adaptive. Raising chicks can lead to reproductive costs, and the causal mechanism appears to be a reduction in body condition.</p><p><strong>6.</strong> We compare our results with previous brood (or clutch) size manipulation experiments that have measured adult body condition, survival and/or future fecundity. Although the empirical evidence suggests that long-lived species are more likely to experience survival costs than short-lived species, we believe the opposite may be true. We suggest that shifting the experimental protocol of cost of reproduction studies from brood enlargements (an approach taken in most prior studies) to brood reductions will provide more accurate quantifications of naturally occurring costs.</p><p><strong>7.</strong> The cost of reproduction is one mechanism proposed to explain the reduced survival rates reported for kittiwake populations in the North Atlantic relative to those in the North Pacific ocean. Oceanographic data, however, suggest that lower food availability may limit survival of kittiwakes in the North Atlantic where a deeper mixed layer and reduced primary production combine to make conditions less favourable for this seabird during the winter months.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1046/j.1365-2656.1998.00233.x","issn":"00218790","usgsCitation":"Golet, G.H., Irons, D.B., and Estes, J.A., 1998, Survival costs of chick rearing in black-legged kittiwakes: Journal of Animal Ecology, v. 67, no. 5, p. 827-841, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2656.1998.00233.x.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"827","endPage":"841","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":230156,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Prince William Sound","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -149.21630859375,\n              59.712097173322924\n            ],\n            [\n              -144.9755859375,\n              59.712097173322924\n            ],\n            [\n              -144.9755859375,\n              61.44927080076419\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.21630859375,\n              61.44927080076419\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.21630859375,\n              59.712097173322924\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"67","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2001-12-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba2bce4b08c986b31f900","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Golet, Gregory H.","contributorId":89844,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Golet","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Irons, David B.","contributorId":63658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irons","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Estes, James A. jim_estes@usgs.gov","contributorId":53325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Estes","given":"James","email":"jim_estes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":6949,"text":"University of California, Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":387780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70020841,"text":"70020841 - 1998 - Richness, diversity and evenness of vegetation upon rehabilitation of gypsum mine spoiled lands in the Indian arid zone","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:52","indexId":"70020841","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":788,"text":"Annals of Arid Zone","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Richness, diversity and evenness of vegetation upon rehabilitation of gypsum mine spoiled lands in the Indian arid zone","docAbstract":"Richness, diversity and evenness of vegetation, after rehabilitation of gypsum mine spoils at Barmer were investigated in plots protected and planted one year and four years ago. There were four water harvesting treatments, viz., half-moon terraces, micro-catchments with 5% slope, ridge and furrow and control, wherein, indigenous and exotic trees and shrubs were planted at 5 ?? 5 m spacing. Sampling of the planted and natural vegetation, using quadrats and transacts, revealed much less species richness in unplanted control as compared to all treatments and in all the years. The species richness that increased initially (within one year) gradually declined over time (during four year), though the extent varied in different treatments. The water harvesting treatment showing maximum initial increase in richness also showed maximum decline over time, though decline was more in annual species. Two perennial species increased in richness with time. This was further proved from the trends in diversity and evenness indices. It was concluded that natural successional process was accelerated by rehabilitation providing stability to the habitat.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Annals of Arid Zone","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"05701791","usgsCitation":"Kumar, S., Sharma, K., Sharma, U., and Gough, L.P., 1998, Richness, diversity and evenness of vegetation upon rehabilitation of gypsum mine spoiled lands in the Indian arid zone: Annals of Arid Zone, v. 37, no. 2, p. 139-145.","startPage":"139","endPage":"145","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":229876,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"37","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aad58e4b0c8380cd86eb1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kumar, S.","contributorId":89843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kumar","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sharma, K.D.","contributorId":53545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sharma","given":"K.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sharma, U.K.","contributorId":67238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sharma","given":"U.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gough, L. P.","contributorId":64198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gough","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70020831,"text":"70020831 - 1998 - Tephra-fall deposits from the 1992 eruption of Crater Peak, Alaska: implications of clast textures for eruptive processes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:37","indexId":"70020831","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1109,"text":"Bulletin of Volcanology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tephra-fall deposits from the 1992 eruption of Crater Peak, Alaska: implications of clast textures for eruptive processes","docAbstract":"The 1992 eruption of Crater Peak, Mount Spurr, Alaska, involved three subplinian tephra-producing events of similar volume and duration. The tephra consists of two dense juvenile clast types that are identified by color, one tan and one gray, of similar chemistry, mineral assemblage, and glass composition. In two of the eruptive events, the clast types are strongly stratified with tan clasts dominating the basal two thirds of the deposits and gray clasts the upper one third. Tan clasts have average densities between 1.5 and 1.7 g/cc and vesicularities (phenocryst free) of approximately 42%. Gray clasts have average densities between 2.1 and 2.3 g/cc, and vesicularities of approximately 20%; both contain abundant microlites. Average maximum plagioclase microlite lengths (13-15 ??m) in gray clasts in the upper layer are similar regardless of eruptive event (and therefore the repose time between them) and are larger than average maximum plagioclase microlite lengths (9-11 ???m) in the tan clasts in the lower layer. This suggests that microlite growth is a response to eruptive processes and not to magma reservoir heterogeneity or dynamics. Furthermore, we suggest that the low vesicularities of the clasts are due to syneruptive magmatic degassing resulting in microlitic growth prior to fragmentation and not to quenching of clasts by external groundwater.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of Volcanology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s004450050208","issn":"02588900","usgsCitation":"Gardner, C.A., Cashman, K.V., and Neal, C., 1998, Tephra-fall deposits from the 1992 eruption of Crater Peak, Alaska: implications of clast textures for eruptive processes: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 59, no. 8, p. 537-555, https://doi.org/10.1007/s004450050208.","startPage":"537","endPage":"555","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":229757,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":206437,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004450050208"}],"volume":"59","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba544e4b08c986b320920","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gardner, C. A.","contributorId":75916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gardner","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cashman, K. V.","contributorId":16831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cashman","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Neal, C.A. 0000-0002-7697-7825","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7697-7825","contributorId":91122,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neal","given":"C.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70020828,"text":"70020828 - 1998 - Groundwater geochemistry of Isla de Mona, Puerto Rico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:37","indexId":"70020828","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2201,"text":"Journal of Cave and Karst Studies","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Groundwater geochemistry of Isla de Mona, Puerto Rico","docAbstract":"In this study, we explore the differences between the hydrogeochemical processes observed in a setting that is open to input from the land surface and in a setting that is closed with respect to input from the land surface. The closed setting was a water-filled passage in a cave. Samples of groundwater and of a solid that appeared to be suspended in the relatively fresh region of saline-freshwater mixing zone were collected. The solid was determined to be aragonite. Based on the analyses of the composition and saturation state of the groundwater, the mixing of fresh and saline water and precipitation of aragonite are the controlling geochemical processes in this mixing zone. We found no evidence of sulfate reduction. Thus, this mixing zone is similar to that observed in Caleta Xel Ha, Quintana Roo, also a system that is closed with respect to input from the land surface. The open setting was an unconfined aquifer underlying the coastal plain along which four hand-dug wells are located. Two wells are at the downgradient ends of inferred flowpaths and one is along a flowpath. The composition of the groundwater in the downgradient wells is sulfide-rich and brackish. In contrast, at the well located along a flow line, the groundwater is oxygenated and brackish. All groundwater is oversaturated with respect to calcite, aragonite, and dolomite. The composition is attributed to mixing of fresh and saline groundwater, CO2 outgassing, and sulfate reduction. This mixing zone is geochemically similar to that observed in blue holes and cenotes.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Cave and Karst Studies","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"10906924","usgsCitation":"Wicks, C., and Troester, J., 1998, Groundwater geochemistry of Isla de Mona, Puerto Rico: Journal of Cave and Karst Studies, v. 60, no. 2, p. 107-114.","startPage":"107","endPage":"114","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":229718,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"60","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2da6e4b0c8380cd5bf83","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wicks, C.M.","contributorId":86132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wicks","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Troester, J.W.","contributorId":90750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Troester","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70020825,"text":"70020825 - 1998 - Water-resources optimization model for Santa Barbara, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-01T14:39:06","indexId":"70020825","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2501,"text":"Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Water-resources optimization model for Santa Barbara, California","docAbstract":"A simulation-optimization model has been developed for the optimal management of the city of Santa Barbara's water resources during a drought. The model, which links groundwater simulation with linear programming, has a planning horizon of 5 years. The objective is to minimize the cost of water supply subject to: water demand constraints, hydraulic head constraints to control seawater intrusion, and water capacity constraints. The decision variables are montly water deliveries from surface water and groundwater. The state variables are hydraulic heads. The drought of 1947-51 is the city's worst drought on record, and simulated surface-water supplies for this period were used as a basis for testing optimal management of current water resources under drought conditions. The simulation-optimization model was applied using three reservoir operation rules. In addition, the model's sensitivity to demand, carry over [the storage of water in one year for use in the later year(s)], head constraints, and capacity constraints was tested.","language":"English","publisher":"ASCE","doi":"10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9496(1998)124:5(252)","issn":"07339496","usgsCitation":"Nishikawa, T., 1998, Water-resources optimization model for Santa Barbara, California: Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, v. 124, no. 5, p. 252-263, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9496(1998)124:5(252).","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"252","endPage":"263","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":229678,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":206418,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9496(1998)124:5(252)"}],"volume":"124","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bcedfe4b08c986b32e5e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nishikawa, Tracy 0000-0002-7348-3838 tnish@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7348-3838","contributorId":1515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nishikawa","given":"Tracy","email":"tnish@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":387671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70020812,"text":"70020812 - 1998 - Assessing the bioaccumulation of contaminants from sediments of the Upper Mississippi River using field-collected oligochaetes and laboratory- exposed Lumbriculus variegatus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:51","indexId":"70020812","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing the bioaccumulation of contaminants from sediments of the Upper Mississippi River using field-collected oligochaetes and laboratory- exposed Lumbriculus variegatus","docAbstract":"Concern with the redistribution of contaminants associated with sediment in the upper Mississippi River (UMR) arose after the flood of 1993. This project is designed to evaluate the status of sediments in the UMR and is one article in a series designed to assess the extent of sediment contamination in navigational pools of the river. Companion articles evaluate sediment toxicity and benthic community composition in navigation pools of the river. The objectives of the present study were to: (1) to assess the bioaccumulation of sediment-associated contaminants in the UMR using laboratory exposures with the oligochaete Lumbriculus variegatus, and (2) to compare bioaccumulation in laboratory-exposed oligochaetes to field-collected oligochaetes. Sediment samples and native oligochaetes were collected from 23 navigational pools on the Upper Mississippi River and the Saint Croix River. Contaminant concentrations measured in the L. variegatus after 28-day exposures to sediment in the laboratory were compared to contaminant concentrations in field-collected oligochaetes from the 13 pools where these sediments were collected. Contaminant concentrations were relatively low in sediments and tissues from the pools evaluated. Only polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and total polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were frequently measured above detection limits. The majority of the biota- sediment-accumulation factors (BSAFs) for PAHs were within a range of about 1.0 to 2.6, suggesting that the theoretical BSAF value of 1.7 could be used to predict these mean BSAFs with a reasonable degree of certainty. A positive correlation was observed between lipid-normalized concentrations of PAHs detected in laboratory-exposed and field-collected oligochaetes across all sampling locations. Rank correlations for concentrations of individual compounds between laboratory-exposed and field-collected oligochaetes were strongest for benzo(e)pyrene, perylene, benzo(b,k)fluoranthene, and pyrene. About 90% of the paired PAH concentrations in laboratory-exposed and field- collected oligochaetes were within a factor of three of one another indicating laboratory results could be extrapolated to the field with a reasonable degree of certainty.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s002449900367","issn":"00904341","usgsCitation":"Brunson, E., Canfield, T., Dwyer, F., Ingersoll, C., and Kemble, N., 1998, Assessing the bioaccumulation of contaminants from sediments of the Upper Mississippi River using field-collected oligochaetes and laboratory- exposed Lumbriculus variegatus: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 35, no. 2, p. 191-201, https://doi.org/10.1007/s002449900367.","startPage":"191","endPage":"201","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":206515,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002449900367"},{"id":230076,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ede6e4b0c8380cd49ab4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brunson, E.L.","contributorId":29924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brunson","given":"E.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Canfield, T.J.","contributorId":9026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Canfield","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dwyer, F.J.","contributorId":107818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dwyer","given":"F.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ingersoll, C.G. 0000-0003-4531-5949","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4531-5949","contributorId":56338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingersoll","given":"C.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kemble, N.E.","contributorId":28028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kemble","given":"N.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70020807,"text":"70020807 - 1998 - Coseismic temporal changes of slip direction: The effect of absolute stress on dynamic rupture","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-22T14:28:49.620362","indexId":"70020807","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Coseismic temporal changes of slip direction: The effect of absolute stress on dynamic rupture","docAbstract":"<p>We investigate the dynamics of rupture at low-stress level. We show that one main difference between the dynamics of high- and low-stress events is the amount of coseismic temporal rake rotation occurring at given points on the fault. Curved striations on exposed fault surfaces and earthquake dislocation models derived from ground-motion inversion indicate that the slip direction may change with time at a point on the fault during dynamic rupture. We use a 3D boundary integral method to model temporal rake variations during dynamic rupture propagation assuming a slip-weakening friction law and isotropic friction. The points at which the slip rotates most are characterized by an initial shear stress direction substantially different from the average stress direction over the fault plane. We show that for a given value of stress drop, the level of initial shear stress (i.e., the fractional stress drop) determines the amount of rotation in slip direction. We infer that seismic events that show evidence of temporal rake rotations are characterized by a low initial shear-stress level with spatially variable direction on the fault (possibly due to changes in fault surface geometry) and an almost complete stress drop.</p><p>Our models motivate a new interpretation of curved and cross-cutting striations and put new constraints on their analysis. The initial rake is in general collinear with the initial stress at the hypocentral zone, supporting the assumptions made in stress-tensor inversion from first-motion analysis. At other points on the fault, especially away from the hypocenter, the initial slip rake may not be collinear with the initial shear stress, contradicting a common assumption of structural geology. On the other hand, the later part of slip in our models is systematically more aligned with the average stress direction than the early slip. Our modeling suggests that the length of the straight part of curved striations is usually an upper bound of the slip-weakening distance if this parameter is uniform over the fault plane, and the direction of the late part of slip of curved striations should have more weight in the estimate of initial stress direction.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/BSSA0880030777","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Guatteri, M., and Spudich, P., 1998, Coseismic temporal changes of slip direction: The effect of absolute stress on dynamic rupture: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 88, no. 3, p. 777-789, https://doi.org/10.1785/BSSA0880030777.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"777","endPage":"789","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":229995,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"88","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1998-06-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fc5de4b0c8380cd4e252","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Guatteri, Mariagiovanna","contributorId":29979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guatteri","given":"Mariagiovanna","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Spudich, P.","contributorId":85700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spudich","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70020803,"text":"70020803 - 1998 - The role of olfaction in homing and estuarine migratory behavior of yellow-phase American eels","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:51","indexId":"70020803","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The role of olfaction in homing and estuarine migratory behavior of yellow-phase American eels","docAbstract":"The role of olfaction in homing migrations of American eels (Anguilla rostrata) was examined in the Penobscot Estuary, Maine, U.S.A. Ultrasonic telemetry was used to track continuously (65 ?? 12 h) 16 yellow eels displaced from a capture site. Four eels were not treated, eight rendered anosmic, and four rendered partially anosmic. All normal, only three anosmic, and two partially anosmic eels homed. Normal eels expressed a singular behavioral pattern, selective tidal stream transport (STST). STST was also displayed by three anosmic eels and one partially anosmic eel. Three alternative behavioral patterns ('sporadic vertical excursions,' 'sloshing,' and 'directed swimming') were displayed by the remainder of the anosmic and partially anosmic eels. Eels that displayed STST used the water column differently (moving at depths shallower than the thermocline, halocline, and pycnocline) from those that displayed other behaviors. Olfaction seems to be important for discrimination of the appropriate tide for transport and location of a home site but is not the only orientational mechanism used in estuaries. Mechanisms used to detect rates of change of water mass characteristics are probably important for guidance of estuarine migrations.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"0706652X","usgsCitation":"Barbin, G., 1998, The role of olfaction in homing and estuarine migratory behavior of yellow-phase American eels: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 55, no. 3, p. 564-575.","startPage":"564","endPage":"575","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":229955,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"55","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baf8ae4b08c986b324894","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barbin, G.P.","contributorId":17948,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barbin","given":"G.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70020791,"text":"70020791 - 1998 - Microtox(TM) characterization of foundry sand residuals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:43","indexId":"70020791","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3707,"text":"Waste Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Microtox(TM) characterization of foundry sand residuals","docAbstract":"Although foundry residuals, consisting mostly of waste Sands, represent a potentially attractive, high-volume resource for beneficial reuse applications (e.g. highway embankment construction), prospective end users are understandably concerned about unforeseen liabilities stemming from the use of these residuals. This paper, therefore, focuses on the innovative use of a microbial bioassay as a means of developing a characterization of environmental suitability extending beyond the analytical coverage already provided by mandated chemical-specific tests (i.e., TCLP, etc.). Microtox(TM) bioassays were conducted on leachates derived from residuals obtained at a wide range of facilities, including: 11 gray and ductile iron foundries plus one each steel and aluminum foundries. In addition, virgin sand samples were used to establish a relative 'natural' benchmark against which the waste foundry sands could then be compared in terms of their apparent quality. These bioassay tests were able to effectively 'fingerprint' those residuals whose bioassay behavior was comparable to that of virgin materials. In fact, the majority of gray and ductile iron foundry residuals tested during this reported study elicited Microtox(TM) response levels which fell within or below the virgin sand response range, consequently providing another quantifiable layer of Support for this industry's claim that their sands are 'cleaner than dirt.' However, negative Microtox(TM) responses beyond that of the virgin sands were observed with a number of foundry samples (i.e. four of the 11 gray or ductile iron sands plus both non-iron sands). Therefore, the latter results would suggest that these latter residuals be excluded from beneficial reuse for the immediate future, at least until the cause and nature of this negative response has been further identified.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Waste Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0956-053X(98)00030-0","issn":"0956053X","usgsCitation":"Bastian, K., and Alleman, J., 1998, Microtox(TM) characterization of foundry sand residuals: Waste Management, v. 18, no. 4, p. 227-234, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0956-053X(98)00030-0.","startPage":"227","endPage":"234","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":206852,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0956-053X(98)00030-0"},{"id":230965,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a56ace4b0c8380cd6d740","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bastian, K.C.","contributorId":83694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bastian","given":"K.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Alleman, J.E.","contributorId":103824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alleman","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70020788,"text":"70020788 - 1998 - Relationships between wind velocity and underwater irradiance in a shallow lake (Lake Okeechobee, Florida, USA)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-29T00:00:04.262443","indexId":"70020788","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relationships between wind velocity and underwater irradiance in a shallow lake (Lake Okeechobee, Florida, USA)","docAbstract":"<div class=\"abstract-group \"><div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p><strong>ABSTRACT:<span>&nbsp;</span></strong>Relationships between wind velocity and the vertical light attenuation coefficient (K<sub>0</sub>) were determined at two locations in a large, shallow lake (Lake Okeechobee, Florida, USA). K<sub>0</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>was significantly correlated with antecedent wind conditions, which explained as much as 90 percent of the daily variation in K<sub>0</sub>.</p><p>Sub-surface irradiance began to change within 60 to 90 minutes of the time when wind velocity exceeded or dropped below a threshold value. Maximum one hour changes in K<sub>0</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>were &gt; 50 percent, however, 20 to 30 percent changes were more common. The magnitude of change in K<sub>0</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>varied spatially based on differences in sediment type. K<sub>0</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>never exceeded 2.8 at a location where bottom sediments were dominated by a mixture of coarse sand and shells. In comparison, K<sub>0</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>exceeded 9 during episodic wind events where the bottom sediment was comprised of fine grain mud.</p><p>Underwater irradiance data can be used to determine threshold wind velocity and account for the influence sediment type has on K<sub>0</sub>. Once a threshold velocity has been established, the frequency, rate, and duration of expected change in underwater irradiance can be evaluated. This is critical information for scientists who are studying algal productivity or other light-related phenomena.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"American Water Resources Association","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.1998.tb01528.x","issn":"1093474X","usgsCitation":"Hanlon, C., Miller, R.L., and McPherson, B.F., 1998, Relationships between wind velocity and underwater irradiance in a shallow lake (Lake Okeechobee, Florida, USA): Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 34, no. 4, p. 951-961, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1998.tb01528.x.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"951","endPage":"961","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":230924,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa65be4b0c8380cd84def","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hanlon, C.G.","contributorId":7034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanlon","given":"C.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, R. L.","contributorId":54178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McPherson, B. F.","contributorId":62983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McPherson","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70020773,"text":"70020773 - 1998 - Active Volcanism on Io as Seen by Galileo SSI","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:19","indexId":"70020773","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Active Volcanism on Io as Seen by Galileo SSI","docAbstract":"Active volcanism on Io has been monitored during the nominal Galileo satellite tour from mid 1996 through late 1997. The Solid State Imaging (SSI) experiment was able to observe many manifestations of this active volcanism, including (1) changes in the color and albedo of the surface, (2) active airborne plumes, and (3) glowing vents seen in eclipse. About 30 large-scale (tens of kilometers) surface changes are obvious from comparison of the SSI images to those acquired by Voyager in 1979. These include new pyroclastic deposits of several colors, bright and dark flows, and caldera-floor materials. There have also been significant surface changes on Io during the Galileo mission itself, such as a new 400-km-diameter dark pyroclastic deposit around Pillan Patera. While these surface changes are impressive, the number of large-scale changes observed in the four months between the Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 flybys in 1979 suggested that over 17 years the cumulative changes would have been much more impressive. There are two reasons why this was not actually the case. First, it appears that the most widespread plume deposits are ephemeral and seem to disappear within a few years. Second, it appears that a large fraction of the volcanic activity is confined to repeated resurfacing of dark calderas and flow fields that cover only a few percent of Io's surface. The plume monitoring has revealed 10 active plumes, comparable to the 9 plumes observed by Voyager. One of these plumes was visible only in the first orbit and three became active in the later orbits. Only the Prometheus plume has been consistently active and easy to detect. Observations of the Pele plume have been particularly intriguing since it was detected only once by SSI, despite repeated attempts, but has been detected several times by the Hubble Space Telescope at 255 nm. Pele's plume is much taller (460 km) than during Voyager 1 (300 km) and much fainter at visible wavelengths. Prometheus-type plumes (50-150 km high, long-lived, associated with high-temperature hot spots) may result from silicate lava flows or shallow intrusions interacting with near-surface SO2. A major and surprising result is that ~30 of Io's volcanic vents glow in the dark at the short wavelengths of SSI. These are probably due to thermal emission from surfaces hotter than 700 K (with most hotter than 1000 K), well above the temperature of pure sulfur volcanism. Active silicate volcanism appears ubiquitous. There are also widespread diffuse glows seen in eclipse, related to the interaction of energetic particles with the atmosphere. These diffuse glows are closely associated with the most active volcanic vents, supporting suggestions that Io's atmopshere is dominated by volcanic outgassing. Globally, volcanic centers are rather evenly distributed. However, 14 of the 15 active plumes seen by Voyager and/or Galileo are within 30?? of the equator, and there are concentrations of glows seen in eclipse at both the sub- and antijovian points. These patterns might be related to asthenospheric tidal heating or tidal stresses. Io will continue to be observed during the Galileo Europa Mission, which will climax with two close flybys of Io in late 1999. ?? 1998 Academic Press.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Icarus","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1006/icar.1998.5972","issn":"00191035","usgsCitation":"McEwen, A.S., Keszthelyi, L., Geissler, P., Simonelli, D., Carr, M.H., Johnson, T.V., Klaasen, K., Breneman, H., Jones, T., Kaufman, J., Magee, K., Senske, D., Belton, M.J., and Schubert, G., 1998, Active Volcanism on Io as Seen by Galileo SSI: Icarus, v. 135, no. 1, p. 181-219, https://doi.org/10.1006/icar.1998.5972.","startPage":"181","endPage":"219","numberOfPages":"39","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":479780,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1006/icar.1998.5972","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":206919,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1006/icar.1998.5972"},{"id":231240,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"135","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e6a8e4b0c8380cd47579","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McEwen, A. S.","contributorId":11317,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McEwen","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Keszthelyi, L.","contributorId":42691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keszthelyi","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Geissler, P.","contributorId":45662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geissler","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Simonelli, D.P.","contributorId":42373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simonelli","given":"D.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Carr, M. H.","contributorId":84727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carr","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":387465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Johnson, T. V.","contributorId":79619,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Klaasen, K.P.","contributorId":56806,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klaasen","given":"K.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Breneman, H.H.","contributorId":13400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Breneman","given":"H.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Jones, T.J.","contributorId":70144,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Kaufman, J.M.","contributorId":38321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaufman","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Magee, K.P.","contributorId":52744,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Magee","given":"K.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Senske, D.A.","contributorId":76896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senske","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Belton, M. J. S.","contributorId":79223,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belton","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"J. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Schubert, G.","contributorId":51679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schubert","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}}
,{"id":70020771,"text":"70020771 - 1998 - High-temperature silicate volcanism on Jupiter's moon Io","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:19","indexId":"70020771","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"High-temperature silicate volcanism on Jupiter's moon Io","docAbstract":"Infrared wavelength observations of Io by the Galileo spacecraft show that at last 12 different vents are erupting lavas that are probably hotter than the highest temperature basaltic eruptions on Earth today. In at least one case, the eruption near Pillan Patea, two independent instruments on Galileo show that the lava temperature must have exceeded 1700 kelvin and may have reached 2000 kelvin. The most likely explanation is that these lavas are ultramafic (magnesium-rich) silicates, and this idea is supported by the tentative identification of magnesium-rich orthopyroxene in lava flows associated with thse high-temperature hot spots.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1126/science.281.5373.87","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"McEwen, A.S., Keszthelyi, L., Spencer, J., Schubert, G., Matson, D.L., Lopes-Gautier, R., Klaasen, K., Johnson, T.V., Head, J., Geissler, P., Fagents, S., Davies, A.G., Carr, M.H., Breneman, H., and Belton, M.J., 1998, High-temperature silicate volcanism on Jupiter's moon Io: Science, v. 281, no. 5373, p. 87-90, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.281.5373.87.","startPage":"87","endPage":"90","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":206918,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.281.5373.87"},{"id":231238,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"281","issue":"5373","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3140e4b0c8380cd5dd7e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McEwen, A. S.","contributorId":11317,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McEwen","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Keszthelyi, L.","contributorId":42691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keszthelyi","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Spencer, J.R.","contributorId":106270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spencer","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schubert, G.","contributorId":51679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schubert","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Matson, D. L.","contributorId":59940,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Matson","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lopes-Gautier, R.","contributorId":13763,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lopes-Gautier","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Klaasen, K.P.","contributorId":56806,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klaasen","given":"K.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Johnson, T. V.","contributorId":79619,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Head, J.W.","contributorId":67982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Head","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Geissler, P.","contributorId":45662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geissler","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Fagents, S.","contributorId":38733,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fagents","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Davies, A. G.","contributorId":72538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davies","given":"A.","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Carr, M. H.","contributorId":84727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carr","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":387448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Breneman, H.H.","contributorId":13400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Breneman","given":"H.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Belton, M. J. S.","contributorId":79223,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belton","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"J. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15}]}}
,{"id":70020767,"text":"70020767 - 1998 - Aryl hydrocarbon receptor function in early vertebrates:Inducibility of cytochrome P450 1A in agnathan and elasmobranch fish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-06T15:19:17","indexId":"70020767","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3820,"text":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part C: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Endocrinology","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aryl hydrocarbon receptor function in early vertebrates:Inducibility of cytochrome P450 1A in agnathan and elasmobranch fish","docAbstract":"<p><span>The mammalian aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that controls the expression of cytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A) genes in response to halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons such as 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-</span><i>p</i><span>-dioxin (TCDD). The natural ligand and normal physiologic function of this protein are as yet unknown. One approach to understanding AHR function and significance is to determine the evolutionary history of this receptor and of processes such as CYP1A induction that are controlled by the AHR in mammals. In these studies, AHR function was evaluated in representative cartilaginous fish (little skate, </span><i>Raja erinacea</i><span>) and jawless fish (sea lamprey, </span><i>Petromyzon marinus</i><span> and Atlantic hagfish, </span><i>Myxine glutinosa</i><span>), using CYP1A induction as a model AHR-dependent response. Treatment of skate with </span><i>β</i><span>-naphthoflavone (BNF) caused an 8-fold increase in hepatic ethoxyresorufin </span><i>O</i><span>-deethylase (EROD) activity as well as a 37-fold increase in the content of immunodetectable CYP1A protein. Evidence of CYP1A inducibility was also obtained for another cartilaginous fish, the smooth dogfish </span><i>Mustelus canis</i><span>. In contrast, hepatic EROD activity was not detected in untreated lamprey nor in lamprey treated with 3,3′,4,4′-tetrachlorobiphenyl (TCB), a potent AHR agonist in teleosts. A possible CYP1A homolog was detected in lamprey hepatic microsomes by one of three antibodies to teleost CYP1A, but expression of this protein was not altered by TCB treatment. CYP1A protein and catalytic activity were measurable in hagfish, but neither was induced after treatment with TCB. These results suggest that the AHR-CYP1A signal transduction pathway is highly conserved in gnathostomes, but that there may be fundamental differences in AHR signaling or AHR-CYP1A coupling in agnathan fish. Agnathan fish such as hagfish and lamprey may be interesting model species for examining possible ancestral AHR functions not related to CYP1A regulation.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0742-8413(98)00007-3","issn":"07428413","usgsCitation":"Hahn, M.E., Woodin, B.R., Stegeman, J.J., and Tillitt, D.E., 1998, Aryl hydrocarbon receptor function in early vertebrates:Inducibility of cytochrome P450 1A in agnathan and elasmobranch fish: Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part C: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Endocrinology, v. 120, no. 1, p. 67-75, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0742-8413(98)00007-3.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"67","endPage":"75","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":231159,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"120","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059edb3e4b0c8380cd4995e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hahn, Mark E.","contributorId":175338,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hahn","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Woodin, Bruce R.","contributorId":96632,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Woodin","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6706,"text":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution,","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":387428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stegeman, John J.","contributorId":55102,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stegeman","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6706,"text":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution,","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":387425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tillitt, Donald E. 0000-0002-8278-3955 dtillitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8278-3955","contributorId":1875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tillitt","given":"Donald","email":"dtillitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":387427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70020758,"text":"70020758 - 1998 - Response of bushy-tailed woodrats (Neotoma cinerea) to late Quaternary climatic change in the Colorado Plateau","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:43","indexId":"70020758","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3218,"text":"Quaternary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Response of bushy-tailed woodrats (Neotoma cinerea) to late Quaternary climatic change in the Colorado Plateau","docAbstract":"Temperature profoundly influences the physiology and life history characteristics of organisms, particularly in terms of body size. Because so many critical parameters scale with body mass, long-term temperature fluctuations can have dramatic impacts. We examined the response of a small mammalian herbivore, the bushy-tailed woodrat (Neotoma cinerea), to temperature change from 20 000 yr BP to present, at five sites within the Colorado Plateau. Our investigations focused on the relationship between temperature, plant composition and abundance, and woodrat size. Body size was estimated by measuring fossil fecal pellets, a technique validated in earlier work. We found significant and highly covariable patterns in body mass over the five locations, suggesting that responses to temperature fluctuations during the late Quaternary have been very similar. Although woodrat mass and the occurrence of several plant species in the fossil record were significantly correlated, in virtually all instances changes in woodrat size preceded changes in vegetational composition. These results may be due to the greater sensitivity of woodrats to temperature, or to the shorter generation times of woodrats as compared to most plants. An alternative hypothesis is that winter temperatures increased before summer ones. Woodrats are highly sensitive to warmer winters, whereas little response would be expected from forest/woodland plants growing at their lower limits. Our work suggests that woodrat size is a precise paleothermometer, yielding information about temperature variation over relatively short-term temporal and regional scales.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1006/qres.1998.1982","issn":"00335894","usgsCitation":"Smith, F., and Betancourt, J., 1998, Response of bushy-tailed woodrats (Neotoma cinerea) to late Quaternary climatic change in the Colorado Plateau: Quaternary Research, v. 50, no. 1, p. 1-11, https://doi.org/10.1006/qres.1998.1982.","startPage":"1","endPage":"11","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":206871,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1006/qres.1998.1982"},{"id":231040,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"50","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aaa3de4b0c8380cd8620c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, F.A.","contributorId":11373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"F.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Betancourt, J.L. 0000-0002-7165-0743","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7165-0743","contributorId":87505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Betancourt","given":"J.L.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":387389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70020755,"text":"70020755 - 1998 - The CETAC ADX-500 Autodiluter System: A Study of Dilution Performance with the ELAN 6000 ICP-MS and ELAN Software","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-06T17:50:25.350403","indexId":"70020755","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":932,"text":"Atomic Spectroscopy","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The CETAC ADX-500 Autodiluter System: A Study of Dilution Performance with the ELAN 6000 ICP-MS and ELAN Software","docAbstract":"The CETAC ADX-500 autodiluter system was tested with ELAN?? v 2.1 software and the ELAN 6000 ICP-MS instrument to determine on-line automated dilution performance during analysis of standard solutions containing nine analytes representative of the mass spectral range (mass 9 to mass 238). Two or more dilution schemes were tested for each of 5 test tube designs. Dilution performance was determined by comparison of analyte concentration means of diluted and non-diluted standards. Accurate dilutions resulted with one syringe pump addition of diluent in small diameter round-bottomed (13 mm OD) or conical-tipped (18 mm OD) tubes and one or more syringe pump additions in large diameter (28 mm OD) conical-tipped tubes. Inadequate dilution mixing which produced high analyte concentration means was observed for all dilutions conducted in flat-bottomed tubes, and for dilutions requiring multiple syringe additions of diluent in small diameter round-bottomed and conical tipped tubes. Effective mixing of diluted solutions was found to depend largely upon tube diameter and liquid depth: smaller tube diameters and greater liquid depth resulted in ineffective mixing, whereas greater tube diameter and shallower liquid depth facilitated effective mixing. Two design changes for the autodiluter were suggested that would allow effective mixing to occur using any dilution scheme and tube design.","language":"English","publisher":"Atomic Spectroscopy Press","doi":"10.46770/AS.1998.05.001","usgsCitation":"May, T.W., and Wiedmeyer, R., 1998, The CETAC ADX-500 Autodiluter System: A Study of Dilution Performance with the ELAN 6000 ICP-MS and ELAN Software: Atomic Spectroscopy, v. 19, no. 5, p. 143-149, https://doi.org/10.46770/AS.1998.05.001.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"143","endPage":"149","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":231000,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":413707,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.at-spectrosc.com/as/article/abstract/199805001?st=article_issue","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"19","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba6b2e4b08c986b321246","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"May, Thomas W. tmay@usgs.gov","contributorId":2598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"May","given":"Thomas","email":"tmay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":387380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wiedmeyer, Ray H.","contributorId":20096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiedmeyer","given":"Ray H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70020748,"text":"70020748 - 1998 - Reductive dissolution and reactive solute transport in a sewage-contaminated glacial outwash aquifer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-04T10:16:50","indexId":"70020748","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reductive dissolution and reactive solute transport in a sewage-contaminated glacial outwash aquifer","docAbstract":"Contamination of shallow ground water by sewage effluent typically contains reduced chemical species that consume dissolved oxygen, developing either a low oxygen geochemical environment or an anaerobic geochemical environment. Based on the load of reduced chemical species discharged to shallow ground water and the amounts of reactants in the aquifer matrix, it should be possible to determine chemical processes in the aquifer and compare observed results to predicted ones. At the Otis Air Base research site (Cape Cod, Massachusetts) where sewage effluent has infiltrated the shallow aquifer since 1936, bacterially mediated processes such as nitrification, denitrification, manganese reduction, and iron reduction have been observed in the contaminant plume. In specific areas of the plume, dissolved manganese and iron have increased significantly where local geochemical conditions are favorable for reduction and transport of these constituents from the aquifer matrix. Dissolved manganese and iron concentrations ranged from 0.02 to 7.3 mg/L, and 0.001 to 13.0 mg/L, respectively, for 21 samples collected from 1988 to 1989. Reduction of manganese and iron is linked to microbial oxidation of sewage carbon, producing bicarbonate and the dissolved metal ions as by-products. Calculated production and flux of CO2 through the unsaturated zone from manganese reduction in the aquifer was 0.035 g/m2/d (12% of measured CO2 flux during winter). Manganese is limited in the aquifer, however. A one-dimensional, reaction-coupled transport model developed for the mildly reducing conditions in the sewage plume nearest the source beds showed that reduction, transport, and removal of manganese from the aquifer sediments should result in iron reduction where manganese has been depleted.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1998.tb02832.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Lee, R.W., and Bennett, P., 1998, Reductive dissolution and reactive solute transport in a sewage-contaminated glacial outwash aquifer: Ground Water, v. 36, no. 4, p. 583-595, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1998.tb02832.x.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"583","endPage":"595","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":230921,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-12-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a3e9e4b0e8fec6cdba1f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, R. W.","contributorId":86757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bennett, P.C.","contributorId":24357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennett","given":"P.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70020740,"text":"70020740 - 1998 - Faulting along the southern margin of Reelfoot Lake, Tennessee","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-18T23:56:04.939693","indexId":"70020740","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Faulting along the southern margin of Reelfoot Lake, Tennessee","docAbstract":"<p>Approximately 320 km of deep seismic-reflection profiles in northwestern Tennessee reveal the structure of a major portion of the southeastern margin of the Reelfoot Rift. This rift margin consists of at least two major down-to-the-west late Precambrian to Cambrian normal faults. Maximum fault displacement at one location is 3 km. These two faults strike N50°E, in their northern portions; over their southern extent they trend N30°E however.</p><p>Numerous faults in these reflection lines displace Paleozoic, Cretaceous, and Tertiary reflectors. The dominantly reverse faulting, folding, and positive flower structures in the shallower section indicate Eocene or younger transpression. We believe the late Tertiary faulting is due to reactivation of the basement faults, because on some of the reflection lines basement normal faults can be traced into Tertiary reverse faults, the Tertiary faults parallel the basement faults, and the Tertiary faults overlie or are adjacent to the basement faults. Numerous faults displace the highest (youngest) reflectors and therefore we do not know how recently faulting has occurred. Previous studies have identified Quaternary faulting within the southeastern Reelfoot Rift margin of western Tennessee, however. Thus, we believe all of the late Tertiary faults identified in this research should be evaluated for possible Quaternary movement.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/BSSA0880010131","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Van Arsdale, R., Purser, J., Stephenson, W., and Odum, J., 1998, Faulting along the southern margin of Reelfoot Lake, Tennessee: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 88, no. 1, p. 131-139, https://doi.org/10.1785/BSSA0880010131.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"131","endPage":"139","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231352,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Tennessee","otherGeospatial":"Reelfoot Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -90.4,\n              36.3\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.4,\n              35.3\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.2,\n              35.3\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.2,\n              36.3\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.4,\n              36.3\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"88","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1998-02-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0f23e4b0c8380cd537b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Van Arsdale, R.","contributorId":35093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Arsdale","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Purser, J.","contributorId":39158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Purser","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stephenson, W.","contributorId":37910,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephenson","given":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Odum, J.","contributorId":7849,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Odum","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70020731,"text":"70020731 - 1998 - New Tertiary stratigraphy for the Florida Keys and southern peninsula of Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-20T23:45:07.863711","indexId":"70020731","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"New Tertiary stratigraphy for the Florida Keys and southern peninsula of Florida","docAbstract":"Seven lithologic formations, ranging in age from Oligocene to Pleistocene, were recently penetrated by core holes in southernmost Florida. From bottom to top, they are the early Oligocene Suwannee Limestone; late-early Oligocene-to-Miocene Arcadia Formation, basal Hawthorn Group; late Miocene Peace River Formation, upper Hawthorn Group; newly proposed late Miocene-to-Pliocene Long Key and Stock Island Formations; and Pleistocene Key Largo and Miami Limestones. The rocks of the Suwannee Limestone form a third-order sequence. Although the entire thickness was not penetrated, 96 m of Suwannee core from one well contains at least 50 vertically stacked, exposure-capped limestone cycles, presumably related to rapid eustatic fluctuations while experiencing tropical to subtropical conditions. The Arcadia Formation is a composite sequence containing four high-frequency sequences composed of multiple vertically stacked carbonate cycles. Most cycles do not show evidence of subaerial exposure and were deposited under more temperate conditions, relative to the Suwannee Limestone. The Arcadia Formation in southernmost Florida is bounded by regional unconformities representing third-order sequence boundaries. Post-Arcadia transgression produced a major backstepping of sediment accumulation above the upper sequence boundary of the Arcadia Formation. The Peace River Formation, composed of diatomaceous mudstones, has been identified only beneath the Florida peninsula and is not present beneath the Florida Keys. Deposition occurred during marine transgressive to high-stand conditions and a local phosphatization event (recorded in northeast Florida). The transgression is possibly related to a global rise in sea level, which resulted in upwelling of relatively cooler, relatively nutrient-rich water masses onto the Florida Platform. It is proposed that the absence of Peace River sediments beneath the Keys is due to sediment bypass of the upper surface of the Arcadia, a result of sediment sweeping by an ancestral Florida current. During late Miocene to Pliocene time in the Florida Keys, siliciclastics of the Long Key Formation and fine-grained carbonates of the Stock Island Formation prograded toward the southern edge of the Florida Platform and downlapped onto the regional unconformity at the top of the Arcadia. Shallow-marine Pleistocene limestones (Key Largo and Miami Limestones), deposited during tropical to subtropical conditions, drape over accretionary successions of the Long Key and Stock Island Formations.","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1998)110<0231:NTSFTF>2.3.CO;2","issn":"00167606","usgsCitation":"Cunningham, K., McNeill, D., Guertin, L., Ciesielski, P., Scott, T., and De Verteuil, L., 1998, New Tertiary stratigraphy for the Florida Keys and southern peninsula of Florida: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 110, no. 2, p. 231-258, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1998)110<0231:NTSFTF>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"231","endPage":"258","numberOfPages":"28","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231236,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -82.74968758309434,\n              24.14193347409706\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.93718758309475,\n              24.14193347409706\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.93718758309475,\n              25.79513540009077\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.74968758309434,\n              25.79513540009077\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.74968758309434,\n              24.14193347409706\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"110","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6539e4b0c8380cd72b3c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cunningham, K.J.","contributorId":39852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cunningham","given":"K.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McNeill, D.F.","contributorId":68901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McNeill","given":"D.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Guertin, L.A.","contributorId":47937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guertin","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ciesielski, P.F.","contributorId":24911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ciesielski","given":"P.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Scott, T.M.","contributorId":66694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"T.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"De Verteuil, L.","contributorId":67242,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"De Verteuil","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
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