Previous studies of ground-water resources in Michigan by the Michigan Department of Community Health (MDCH), the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality (MDEQ), and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) indicate that in several counties in the southeastern part of the State the concentrations of arsenic in ground water may exceed the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) maximum contaminant level (MCL) of 50 micrograms per liter [µg/L]. This MCL was established in 1986. The Safe Drinking Water Act, as amended in 1996, requires USEPA to revise this standard in 2000. In June 2000, the USEPA proposed a revised MCL of 5 µg/L.
In 1996, the USGS, in cooperation with the MDEQ and the Health Departments of Genesee, Huron, Lapeer, Livingston, Oakland, Sanilac, Shiawassee, Tuscola and Washtenaw counties, began a study of the factors controlling arsenic occurrence and concentrations in ground water in southeastern Michigan. This study is one of four USGS Drinking Water Initiative projects throughout the United States.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Lansing, MI","doi":"10.3133/fs13200","usgsCitation":"Haack, S.K., and Rachol, C.M., 2000, Arsenic in ground water in Sanilac County, Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 132-00, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs13200.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":31839,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2000/0132/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":255,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://mi.water.usgs.gov/pdf/sanilac_factsheet_1.11.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":117029,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2000/0132/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","county":"Sanilac County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-82.6072,43.6906],[-82.6041,43.6782],[-82.6089,43.6619],[-82.6044,43.6518],[-82.603,43.6317],[-82.598,43.6201],[-82.6009,43.6029],[-82.5909,43.578],[-82.5852,43.556],[-82.5854,43.541],[-82.5767,43.527],[-82.5729,43.5169],[-82.5734,43.5087],[-82.5673,43.504],[-82.565,43.4893],[-82.556,43.4809],[-82.5536,43.4689],[-82.5526,43.463],[-82.5472,43.4578],[-82.547,43.4514],[-82.5418,43.4435],[-82.5395,43.4385],[-82.5399,43.4325],[-82.5359,43.4137],[-82.5374,43.3988],[-82.5327,43.3822],[-82.5332,43.3508],[-82.5323,43.3458],[-82.5299,43.3325],[-82.5289,43.3175],[-82.5318,43.3103],[-82.5288,43.2965],[-82.5273,43.2896],[-82.5277,43.2824],[-82.5264,43.2737],[-82.5258,43.2613],[-82.525,43.254],[-82.5226,43.2308],[-82.5169,43.2092],[-82.5134,43.2041],[-82.5101,43.1962],[-82.5095,43.1948],[-82.5079,43.1907],[-82.5058,43.1838],[-82.5025,43.175],[-82.5009,43.17],[-82.6439,43.1652],[-82.9945,43.1545],[-83.0007,43.2412],[-83.0003,43.2862],[-83.12,43.2844],[-83.1217,43.3267],[-83.1059,43.3273],[-83.1119,43.5],[-83.1152,43.5871],[-83.1184,43.675],[-83.0005,43.6788],[-82.8794,43.6815],[-82.7601,43.6854],[-82.6403,43.6893],[-82.6072,43.6906]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Sanilac\",\"state\":\"MI\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abce4b07f02db672d41","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haack, Sheridan K. skhaack@usgs.gov","contributorId":1982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haack","given":"Sheridan","email":"skhaack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":150274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rachol, Cynthia M. 0000-0001-9984-3435 crachol@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9984-3435","contributorId":3488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rachol","given":"Cynthia","email":"crachol@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":150275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":28340,"text":"wri994256 - 2000 - Ground-water flow and distribution of volatile organic compounds, Rutgers University Busch Campus and vicinity, Piscataway Township, New Jersey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:38","indexId":"wri994256","displayToPublicDate":"2001-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-4256","title":"Ground-water flow and distribution of volatile organic compounds, Rutgers University Busch Campus and vicinity, Piscataway Township, New Jersey","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri994256","usgsCitation":"Lewis-Brown, J.C., and dePaul, V., 2000, Ground-water flow and distribution of volatile organic compounds, Rutgers University Busch Campus and vicinity, Piscataway Township, New Jersey: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4256, viii, 72 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994256.","productDescription":"viii, 72 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":121582,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4256/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57150,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4256/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66cecc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lewis-Brown, Jean C.","contributorId":46991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis-Brown","given":"Jean","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"dePaul, Vincent T. 0000-0002-7977-5217","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7977-5217","contributorId":13972,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"dePaul","given":"Vincent T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":25430,"text":"wri004017 - 2000 - Delineation of discharge areas of two contaminant plumes by use of diffusion samplers, Johns Pond, Cape Cod, Massachusetts, 1998","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-23T17:50:34","indexId":"wri004017","displayToPublicDate":"2001-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-4017","title":"Delineation of discharge areas of two contaminant plumes by use of diffusion samplers, Johns Pond, Cape Cod, Massachusetts, 1998","docAbstract":"Diffusion samplers were installed in the bottom of Johns Pond, Cape Cod, Massachusetts, to confirm that volatile organic compounds from the Storm Drain-5 (SD-5) plume emanating from the Massachusetts Military Reservation (MMR) were discharging into the pond. An array of 134 vapor-diffusion samplers was buried by divers about 0.5 feet below the pond bottom in the presumed discharge area of the SD-5 plume and left in place for about 2 weeks to equilibrate.\r\n\r\nTwo areas of high concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were identified. Samples from the first area contained trichloroethene (TCE) and tetrachloroethene with concentrations in vapor as high as 890 and 667 parts per billion by volume, respectively. This discharge area is about 1,000 feet wide, extends from 100 to 350 feet offshore, and is interpreted to be the discharge area of the SD-5 plume. Samples from the second area were located closer to shore than the discharge area of the SD-5 plume and contained unexpectedly high vapor concentrations of TCE (more than 40,000 parts per billion by volume). Ground-water samples collected with a drive-point sampler near the second area had aqueous TCE concentrations as high as 1,100 micrograms per liter. Subsequently, a more closely spaced array of 110 vapor-diffusion samplers was installed to map the area of elevated TCE concentrations . The discharge area detected with the samplers is about 75 feet wide and extends from about 25 to 200 feet offshore . TCE vapor concentrations in this area were as high as 42,800 parts per billion by volume.\r\n\r\nTCE concentrations in micrograms per liter in water-diffusion samples from 15 selected sites in the two discharge areas were about 35 times lower than the TCE concentrations in parts per billion by volume in corresponding vapor-diffusion samples. The difference in values is due to the volatile nature of TCE and the different units of measure. TCE was detected in diffusion samplers set in the pond water column above the plume discharge areas, but the TCE concentrations were 20 to 30 times lower than the corresponding levels in diffusion samplers buried in the pond bottom.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri004017","usgsCitation":"Savoie, J., LeBlanc, D., Blackwood, D., McCobb, T., Rendigs, R., and Clifford, S., 2000, Delineation of discharge areas of two contaminant plumes by use of diffusion samplers, Johns Pond, Cape Cod, Massachusetts, 1998: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2000-4017, iv, 30 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri004017.","productDescription":"iv, 30 p. ","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":156939,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":1818,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri004017/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts ","otherGeospatial":"Cape Cod","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.72448730468749,\n 41.51269075845857\n ],\n [\n -69.9114990234375,\n 41.51269075845857\n ],\n [\n -69.9114990234375,\n 42.07783959017503\n ],\n [\n -70.72448730468749,\n 42.07783959017503\n ],\n [\n -70.72448730468749,\n 41.51269075845857\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5faf1a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Savoie, Jennifer G.","contributorId":52218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savoie","given":"Jennifer G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"LeBlanc, D.R.","contributorId":87141,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LeBlanc","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Blackwood, D.S.","contributorId":98747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blackwood","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McCobb, T.D. 0000-0003-1533-847X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1533-847X","contributorId":97944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCobb","given":"T.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rendigs, R.R.","contributorId":50506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rendigs","given":"R.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Clifford, Scott","contributorId":63042,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clifford","given":"Scott","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":5000,"text":"fs12700 - 2000 - Arsenic in ground water in Genesee County, Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-06T10:49:56","indexId":"fs12700","displayToPublicDate":"2001-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"127-00","title":"Arsenic in ground water in Genesee County, Michigan","docAbstract":"Previous studies of ground-water resources in Michigan by the Michigan Department of Community Health (MDCH), the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality (MDEQ), and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) indicate that in several counties in the southeastern part of the State the concentrations of arsenic in ground water may exceed the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) maximum contaminant level (MCL) of 50 micrograms per liter [µg/L]. This MCL was established in 1986. The Safe Drinking Water Act, as amended in 1996, requires USEPA to revise this standard in 2000. In June 2000, the USEPA proposed a revised MCL of 5 µg/L.
In 1996, the USGS, in cooperation with the MDEQ and the Health Departments of Genesee, Huron, Lapeer, Livingston, Oakland, Sanilac, Shiawassee, Tuscola and Washtenaw counties, began a study of the factors controlling arsenic occurrence and concentrations in ground water in southeastern Michigan. This study is one of four USGS Drinking Water Initiative projects throughout the United States.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Lansing, MI","doi":"10.3133/fs12700","usgsCitation":"Haack, S.K., and Rachol, C.M., 2000, Arsenic in ground water in Genesee County, Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 127-00, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs12700.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":31836,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2000/0127/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":207,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://mi.water.usgs.gov/pdf/genesee_factsheet_1.11.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":118372,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2000/0127/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","county":"Genesee County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-83.4607,43.2235],[-83.4593,43.1425],[-83.4589,43.1365],[-83.455,42.9681],[-83.4553,42.9617],[-83.4546,42.8798],[-83.4541,42.8766],[-83.5737,42.8744],[-83.6902,42.871],[-83.6863,42.7822],[-83.9225,42.7812],[-83.928,42.8677],[-83.9309,42.9574],[-83.9283,43.0451],[-83.9294,43.1334],[-83.9318,43.2204],[-83.8154,43.2212],[-83.694,43.2223],[-83.5809,43.2226],[-83.4607,43.2235]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Genesee\",\"state\":\"MI\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abce4b07f02db672e61","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haack, Sheridan K. skhaack@usgs.gov","contributorId":1982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haack","given":"Sheridan","email":"skhaack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":150266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rachol, Cynthia M. 0000-0001-9984-3435 crachol@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9984-3435","contributorId":3488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rachol","given":"Cynthia","email":"crachol@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":150267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5001,"text":"fs12800 - 2000 - Arsenic in ground water in Huron County, Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-06T10:51:04","indexId":"fs12800","displayToPublicDate":"2001-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"128-00","title":"Arsenic in ground water in Huron County, Michigan","docAbstract":"Previous studies of ground-water resources in Michigan by the Michigan Department of Community Health (MDCH), the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality (MDEQ), and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) indicate that in several counties in the southeastern part of the State the concentrations of arsenic in ground water may exceed the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) maximum contaminant level (MCL) of 50 micrograms per liter [µg/L]. This MCL was established in 1986. The Safe Drinking Water Act, as amended in 1996, requires USEPA to revise this standard in 2000. In June 2000, the USEPA proposed a revised MCL of 5 µg/L.
In 1996, the USGS, in cooperation with the MDEQ and the Health Departments of Genesee, Huron, Lapeer, Livingston, Oakland, Sanilac, Shiawassee, Tuscola and Washtenaw counties, began a study of the factors controlling arsenic occurrence and concentrations in ground water in southeastern Michigan. This study is one of four USGS Drinking Water Initiative projects throughout the United States.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Lansing, MI","doi":"10.3133/fs12800","usgsCitation":"Haack, S.K., and Rachol, C.M., 2000, Arsenic in ground water in Huron County, Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 128-00, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs12800.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":208,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://mi.water.usgs.gov/pdf/huron_factsheet_1.11.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":118373,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2000/0128/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":31837,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2000/0128/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","county":"Huron 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Sheridan K. skhaack@usgs.gov","contributorId":1982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haack","given":"Sheridan","email":"skhaack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":150268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rachol, Cynthia M. 0000-0001-9984-3435 crachol@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9984-3435","contributorId":3488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rachol","given":"Cynthia","email":"crachol@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":150269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":28675,"text":"wri20004016 - 2000 - Storage capacity and sedimentation of Loch Lomond Reservoir, Santa Cruz County, California, 1998","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-07T19:17:14.027574","indexId":"wri20004016","displayToPublicDate":"2001-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-4016","title":"Storage capacity and sedimentation of Loch Lomond Reservoir, Santa Cruz County, California, 1998","docAbstract":"In 1998, a bathymetric survey was done to determine the storage capacity and the loss of capacity owing to sedimentation of Loch Lomond Reservoir in Santa Cruz County, California. Results of the survey indicate that the maximum capacity of the reservoir is 8,991 acre-feet in November 1998. The results of previous investigations indicate that storage capacity of the reservoir is less than 8,991 acre-feet. The storage capacity determined from those investigations probably were underestimated because of limitations of the methods and the equipment used. The volume of sedimentation in a reservoir is considered equal to the decrease in storage capacity. To determine sedimentation in Loch Lomond Reservoir, change in storage capacity was estimated for an upstream reach of the reservoir. The change in storage capacity was determined by comparing a 1998 thalweg profile (valley floor) of the reservoir with thalweg profiles from previous investigations; results of the comparison indicate that sedimentation is occurring in the upstream reach. Cross sections for 1998 and 1982 were compared to determine the magnitude of sedimentation in the upstream reach of the reservoir. Results of the comparison, which were determined from changes in the cross-sectional areas, indicate that the capacity of the reservoir decreased by 55 acre-feet.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri20004016","usgsCitation":"McPherson, K.R., and Harmon, J.G., 2000, Storage capacity and sedimentation of Loch Lomond Reservoir, Santa Cruz County, California, 1998: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2000-4016, ii, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri20004016.","productDescription":"ii, 16 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":408112,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25687.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":11193,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2000/wri004016/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":158279,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Santa Cruz County","otherGeospatial":"Loch Lomond Reservoir","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.07029342651366,\n 37.10201503945823\n ],\n [\n -122.05982208251952,\n 37.112967104709234\n ],\n [\n -122.05930709838867,\n 37.12241198887781\n ],\n [\n -122.05329895019533,\n 37.12870792371265\n ],\n [\n -122.06102371215819,\n 37.12939223289891\n ],\n [\n -122.06600189208984,\n 37.123370099701404\n ],\n [\n -122.06480026245117,\n 37.11885318535957\n ],\n [\n -122.06668853759766,\n 37.115020440626985\n ],\n [\n -122.0701217651367,\n 37.1106399233575\n ],\n [\n -122.0745849609375,\n 37.10927095974291\n ],\n [\n -122.07475662231444,\n 37.10502701527795\n ],\n [\n -122.07647323608398,\n 37.102973408391776\n ],\n [\n -122.07149505615233,\n 37.09968752157007\n ],\n [\n -122.07029342651366,\n 37.10201503945823\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b4632","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McPherson, Kelly R. 0000-0002-2340-4142 krmcpher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2340-4142","contributorId":1376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McPherson","given":"Kelly","email":"krmcpher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":200214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harmon, Jerry G.","contributorId":30220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harmon","given":"Jerry","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5016,"text":"fs16100 - 2000 - Water quality and macroinvertebrate communities of Emigration and Red Butte Creeks, Salt Lake County, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-02T18:14:14","indexId":"fs16100","displayToPublicDate":"2001-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"161-00","title":"Water quality and macroinvertebrate communities of Emigration and Red Butte Creeks, Salt Lake County, Utah","docAbstract":"Residential development in the canyons and foothills surrounding Salt Lake City, Utah, is growing at a rapid pace. Urban development typically degrades the water quality when formerly natural lands are developed. In Emigration Canyon, however, residential development is replacing land formerly used for grazing and recreation. It is not clear how this land use change has affected the water quality and biotic communities in this watershed. The water quality and macroinvertebrate communities of Emigration Creek and neighboring Red Butte Creek were examined by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) as part of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program (NAWQA) during summer 1999.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Salt Lake City, UT","doi":"10.3133/fs16100","usgsCitation":"Giddings, E., 2000, Water quality and macroinvertebrate communities of Emigration and Red Butte Creeks, Salt Lake County, Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 161-00, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs16100.","productDescription":"6 p.","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":31848,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2000/0161/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":125309,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2000/0161/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","county":"Salt Lake County","otherGeospatial":"Emigration Creek, Red Butte Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.83189392089844,\n 40.77274188001071\n ],\n [\n -111.81919097900389,\n 40.78652046812787\n ],\n [\n -111.75945281982422,\n 40.81276986422275\n ],\n [\n -111.72615051269531,\n 40.820045086716505\n ],\n [\n -111.70211791992186,\n 40.80731292377169\n ],\n [\n -111.68941497802734,\n 40.798736824941535\n ],\n [\n -111.71619415283203,\n 40.771961874462036\n ],\n [\n -111.75224304199219,\n 40.758700379161006\n ],\n [\n -111.76322937011719,\n 40.7475170623211\n ],\n [\n -111.7807388305664,\n 40.748557450215635\n ],\n [\n -111.80923461914062,\n 40.742574997542924\n ],\n [\n -111.84425354003906,\n 40.732039370626225\n ],\n [\n -111.86347961425781,\n 40.72878729696505\n ],\n [\n -111.86210632324219,\n 40.73281984465465\n ],\n [\n -111.81730270385742,\n 40.761560925502806\n ],\n [\n -111.83189392089844,\n 40.77274188001071\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publicComments":"National Water-Quality Assessment Program","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a07e4b07f02db5f9bd5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Giddings, Elise","contributorId":40587,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giddings","given":"Elise","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5002,"text":"fs12900 - 2000 - Arsenic in ground water in Lapeer County, Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-06T10:51:49","indexId":"fs12900","displayToPublicDate":"2001-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"129-00","title":"Arsenic in ground water in Lapeer County, Michigan","docAbstract":"Previous studies of ground-water resources in Michigan by the Michigan Department of Community Health (MDCH), the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality (MDEQ), and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) indicate that in several counties in the southeastern part of the State the concentrations of arsenic in ground water may exceed the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) maximum contaminant level (MCL) of 50 micrograms per liter [μg/I.]. This MCL was established in 1986. The Safe Drinking Water Act, as amended in 1996, requires USEPA to revise this standard in 2000. In June 2000, the USEPA proposed a revised MCL of 5 μg/L.
In 1996, the USGS, in cooperation with the MDEQ and the Health Departments of Genesee, Huron, Lapeer, Livingston, Oakland, Sanilac, Shiawassee, Tuscola and Washtenaw counties, began a study of the factors controlling arsenic occurrence and concentrations in ground water in southeastern Michigan. This study is one of four USGS Drinking Water Initiative projects throughout the United States.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Lansing, MI","doi":"10.3133/fs12900","usgsCitation":"Haack, S.K., and Rachol, C.M., 2000, Arsenic in ground water in Lapeer County, Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 129-00, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs12900.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125261,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2000/0129/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":31838,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2000/0129/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","county":"Lapeer County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-83.1217,43.3267],[-83.12,43.2844],[-83.0003,43.2862],[-83.0007,43.2412],[-82.9945,43.1545],[-82.987,42.9814],[-82.9839,42.8939],[-83.1025,42.8884],[-83.2227,42.887],[-83.4546,42.8798],[-83.4553,42.9617],[-83.455,42.9681],[-83.4589,43.1365],[-83.4593,43.1425],[-83.4607,43.2235],[-83.4609,43.2335],[-83.3533,43.2351],[-83.3537,43.3225],[-83.1217,43.3267]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Lapeer\",\"state\":\"MI\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abce4b07f02db672d35","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haack, Sheridan K. skhaack@usgs.gov","contributorId":1982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haack","given":"Sheridan","email":"skhaack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":150270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rachol, Cynthia M. 0000-0001-9984-3435 crachol@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9984-3435","contributorId":3488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rachol","given":"Cynthia","email":"crachol@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":150271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":29910,"text":"wri004056 - 2000 - Distribution of nitrate in ground water in the Republican River Basin, southwest Nebraska, 1996-98","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:02","indexId":"wri004056","displayToPublicDate":"2001-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-4056","title":"Distribution of nitrate in ground water in the Republican River Basin, southwest Nebraska, 1996-98","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri004056","usgsCitation":"Stanton, J.S., 2000, Distribution of nitrate in ground water in the Republican River Basin, southwest Nebraska, 1996-98: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2000-4056, 1 folded sheet; 6 p. :col. ill., maps (some col.) ;28 x 64 cm. folded to 28 x 21 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri004056.","productDescription":"1 folded sheet; 6 p. :col. ill., maps (some col.) ;28 x 64 cm. folded to 28 x 21 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":95807,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2000/4056/report.pdf","size":"2742","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":160446,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2000/4056/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6fe4b07f02db64094d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stanton, Jennifer S. 0000-0002-2520-753X jstanton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2520-753X","contributorId":830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanton","given":"Jennifer","email":"jstanton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":202338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":24833,"text":"ofr00305 - 2000 - Rock-fall hazard assessment of the Aspen Forest Trail, Navajo National Monument, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:14","indexId":"ofr00305","displayToPublicDate":"2001-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-305","title":"Rock-fall hazard assessment of the Aspen Forest Trail, Navajo National Monument, Arizona","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr00305","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Wieczorek, G.F., and Harp, E.L., 2000, Rock-fall hazard assessment of the Aspen Forest Trail, Navajo National Monument, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-305, 11 p. :col. ill., col. map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr00305.","productDescription":"11 p. :col. ill., col. map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":157005,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0305/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":8122,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/ofr-00-0305/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":53837,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0305/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0fe4b07f02db5fe9d7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wieczorek, Gerald F.","contributorId":81889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wieczorek","given":"Gerald","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harp, Edwin L. harp@usgs.gov","contributorId":1290,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harp","given":"Edwin","email":"harp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":192649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":27005,"text":"wri994249 - 2000 - Aquifer compaction and ground-water levels in south-central Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:41","indexId":"wri994249","displayToPublicDate":"2001-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-4249","title":"Aquifer compaction and ground-water levels in south-central Arizona","docAbstract":"As of 1998, the U.S. Geological Survey is monitoring water-level fluctuationa dn aquifer compaction at 19 wells that are fitted with borehole extensometers in the Eloy Basin, Stanfield Basin, Avra Valley, and Upper Santa Cruz Basin. Decreased ground-water pumping has resulted in water-level recoveries of more than 100 feet at a well near Eloy and almost 200 feet at a well in Avra Valley. Aquifer compaction has continued in both areas despite the large water-level recoveries in Eloy and the stable water levels in Avra Valley. Extensometer sites in the Upper Santa Cruz Basin have recorded as much as 50 feet of water-level decline and 0.2 feet of aquifer compaction during 1980 to 1996. Rates of compaction vary throughout the extensometer network, with the greater rates of compaction being associated with the more compressible sediments of Eloy and Stanfield Basins.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nInformation Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri994249","usgsCitation":"Evans, D.W., and Pool, D.R., 2000, Aquifer compaction and ground-water levels in south-central Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4249, vi, 54 p. :ill., col. maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994249.","productDescription":"vi, 54 p. :ill., col. maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":119974,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4249/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55892,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4249/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac5e4b07f02db679f80","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Evans, Daniel W.","contributorId":82744,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pool, Donald R. drpool@usgs.gov","contributorId":1121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pool","given":"Donald","email":"drpool@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":197396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":30786,"text":"cir1213 - 2000 - Water quality in the central Arizona basins, Arizona, 1995-98","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:05","indexId":"cir1213","displayToPublicDate":"2001-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1213","title":"Water quality in the central Arizona basins, Arizona, 1995-98","docAbstract":"The water quality in rivers and streams and in selected aquifers in central Arizona basins in Arizona is described and illustrated. Major ions, nitrogen and other nutrients, and pesticides and some of their breakdown compounds were analyzed in both surface and ground water. Biological communities that included fish, invertebrates, and algae, were described in relation to stream water quality. Volatile organic compounds that originate from fuels, solvents, and industry were analyzed from ground-water samples. Agricultural and urban land-use effects on shallow ground water are compared and contrasted.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/cir1213","usgsCitation":"Cordy, G.E., Gellenbeck, D., Gebler, J.B., Anning, D.W., Coes, A.L., Edmonds, R.J., Rees, J.A., and Sanger, H.W., 2000, Water quality in the central Arizona basins, Arizona, 1995-98: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1213, 38 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1213.","productDescription":"38 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":160231,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":2633,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/circ1213/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a07e4b07f02db5f9a40","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cordy, Gail E.","contributorId":94296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cordy","given":"Gail","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gellenbeck, Dorinda J.","contributorId":13228,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gellenbeck","given":"Dorinda J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gebler, Joseph B.","contributorId":99582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gebler","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Anning, David W. dwanning@usgs.gov","contributorId":432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anning","given":"David","email":"dwanning@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":203923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Coes, Alissa L. 0000-0001-6682-5417 alcoes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6682-5417","contributorId":4231,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coes","given":"Alissa","email":"alcoes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":203924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Edmonds, Robert J.","contributorId":95515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edmonds","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rees, Julie A.H.","contributorId":57318,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rees","given":"Julie","email":"","middleInitial":"A.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Sanger, H. W.","contributorId":79161,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanger","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":26111,"text":"wri004005 - 2000 - Pesticides in surface waters of the upper Colorado River basin, Colorado, 1996-98","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:31","indexId":"wri004005","displayToPublicDate":"2001-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-4005","title":"Pesticides in surface waters of the upper Colorado River basin, Colorado, 1996-98","docAbstract":"Forty-four river, stream, and drain sites in the Upper Colorado River Basin in Colorado were sampled during 1996?98 to determine the occurrence and distribution of pesticides in the basin. In a fixed-station study, 57 surface-water samples were collected from October 1996 through January 1998 at four sites. Each site was sampled approximately monthly for up to a year, with more frequent sampling during the spring and summer growing season. In a synoptic study, surface-water samples were collected at 43 sites in the agricultural areas of the Grand Valley and the Uncompahgre River Valley in May 1998. Each site was sampled once. Pesticide concentrations generally were low and varied seasonally and across land uses. Thirty-five pesticides were detected at least once in the two studies, and 11 pesticides accounted for almost 82 percent of the detections. Herbicides were more commonly detected than insecticides, and only the herbicides alachlor and atrazine were detected in more than 50 percent of the samples. Carbofuran was the most commonly detected insecticide and was detected in 19 percent of the samples. Pesticide detections increased and were measured at higher concentrations in the summer months and at the agriculture sites. All pesticide concentrations were less than drinking-water standards, and most complied with human-health advisories and criteria for the protection of freshwater aquatic life. Pesticides in the Upper Colorado River Basin in Colorado were detected slightly less frequently and generally at lower concentrations than in 20 National Water-Quality Assessment Program study-unit basins that collected water-quality data from 1992 through 1996. Results from surface-water sampling conducted during 1996?98 in the Upper Colorado River Basin in Colorado indicate that beneficial uses of water were not being impaired by the presence of pesticides in surface waters in the basin.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey :\r\nInformation Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri004005","usgsCitation":"Bauch, N.J., and Spahr, N.E., 2000, Pesticides in surface waters of the upper Colorado River basin, Colorado, 1996-98: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2000-4005, vii, 46 p. :col. ill., col. maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri004005.","productDescription":"vii, 46 p. :col. ill., col. maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158098,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":2059,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri00-4005","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48ade4b07f02db52d8e8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bauch, Nancy J. 0000-0002-0302-2892 njbauch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0302-2892","contributorId":1297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bauch","given":"Nancy","email":"njbauch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":195826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Spahr, Norman E. nspahr@usgs.gov","contributorId":1977,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spahr","given":"Norman","email":"nspahr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":195827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":27601,"text":"wri994274 - 2000 - Sustainable-yield estimation for the Sparta Aquifer in Union County, Arkansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:39","indexId":"wri994274","displayToPublicDate":"2001-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-4274","title":"Sustainable-yield estimation for the Sparta Aquifer in Union County, Arkansas","docAbstract":"Options for utilizing alternative sources of water to alleviate overdraft from the Sparta aquifer and ensure that the aquifer can continue to provide abundant water of excellent quality for the future are being evaluated by water managers in Union County. Sustainable yield is a critical element in identifying and designing viable water supply alternatives. With sustainable yield defined and a knowledge of total water demand in an area, any unmet demand can be calculated. The ground-water flow model of the Sparta aquifer was used to estimate sustainable yield using an iterative approach.\r\nThe Sparta aquifer is a confined aquifer of regional importance that comprises a sequence of unconsolidated sand units that are contained within the Sparta Sand. Currently, the rate of withdrawal in some areas greatly exceeds the rate of recharge to the aquifer and considerable water-level declines have occurred. Ground-water flow model results indicate that the aquifer cannot continue to meet growing water-use demands indefinitely and that water levels will drop below the top of the primary producing sand unit in Union County (locally termed the El Dorado sand) by 2008 if current water-use trends continue. Declines of that magnitude will initiate dewatering of the El Dorado sand.\r\nThe sustainable yield of the aquifer was calculated by targeting a specified minimum acceptable water level within Union County and varying Union County pumpage within the model to achieve the target water level. Selection of the minimum target water level for sustainable-yield estimation was an important criterion for the modeling effort. In keeping with the State Critical Ground-Water Area designation criteria and the desire of water managers in Union County to improve aquifer conditions and bring the area out of the Critical Ground-Water Area designation, the approximate altitude of the top of the Sparta Sand in central Union County was used as the minimum water level target for estimation of sustainable yield in the county. A specific category of sustainable yield? stabilization yield, reflecting the amount of water that the aquifer can provide while maintaining current water levels? also was determined and provides information for short-term management. The top of the primary producing sand unit (the El Dorado sand) was used as the minimum water-level target for estimating stabilization yield in the county because current minimum water levels in central Union County are near the top of the El Dorado sand.\r\nModel results show that withdrawals from the Sparta aquifer in Union County must be reduced to 28 percent of 1997 values to achieve sustainable yield and maintain water levels at the top of the Sparta Sand if future pumpage outside of Union County is assumed to increase at the rate observed from 1985-1997. Results of the simulation define a very large current unmet demand and represent a substantial reduction in the county?s current dependence upon the aquifer. If future pumpage outside of Union County is assumed to increase at double the rate observed from 1985-1997, withdrawals from the Sparta aquifer in Union County must be reduced to 25 percent of 1997 values to achieve sustainable yield. Withdrawals from the Sparta aquifer in Union County must be reduced to about 88 to 91 percent (depending on pumpage growth outside of the county) of 1997 values to stabilize water levels at the top of the El Dorado sand. This result shows that 1997 rate of withdrawal in the county is considerably greater than the rate needed to halt the rapid decline in water levels.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri994274","usgsCitation":"Hays, P.D., 2000, Sustainable-yield estimation for the Sparta Aquifer in Union County, Arkansas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4274, iii, 17 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994274.","productDescription":"iii, 17 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158874,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4274/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56468,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4274/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db687f4c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hays, Phillip D. 0000-0001-5491-9272 pdhays@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5491-9272","contributorId":4145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hays","given":"Phillip","email":"pdhays@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":369,"text":"Louisiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":198395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5006,"text":"fs13300 - 2000 - Arsenic in ground water in Tuscola County, Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-06T10:55:27","indexId":"fs13300","displayToPublicDate":"2001-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"133-00","title":"Arsenic in ground water in Tuscola County, Michigan","docAbstract":"Previous studies of ground-water resources in Michigan by the Michigan Department of Community Health (MDCH), the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality (MDEQ), and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) indicate that in several counties in the southeastern part of the State the concentrations of arsenic in ground water may exceed the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) maximum contaminant level (MCL) of 50 micrograms per liter [µg/L]. This MCL was established in 1986. The Safe Drinking Water Act, as amended in 1996, requires USEPA to revise this standard in 2000. In June 2000, the USEPA proposed a revised MCL of 5 µg/L.
In 1996, the USGS, in cooperation with the MDEQ and the Health Departments of Genesee, Huron, Lapeer, Livingston, Oakland, Sanilac, Shiawassee, Tuscola and Washtenaw counties, began a study of the factors controlling arsenic occurrence and concentrations in ground water in southeastern Michigan. This study is one of four USGS Drinking Water Initiative projects throughout the United States.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Lansing, MI","doi":"10.3133/fs13300","usgsCitation":"Haack, S.K., and Rachol, C.M., 2000, Arsenic in ground water in Tuscola County, Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 133-00, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs13300.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":31841,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2000/0133/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":257,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://mi.water.usgs.gov/pdf/tuscola_factsheet_1.11.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":117030,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2000/0133/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","county":"Tuscola County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-83.4668,43.7409],[-83.4664,43.6657],[-83.3536,43.6686],[-83.2357,43.6725],[-83.1184,43.675],[-83.1152,43.5871],[-83.1119,43.5],[-83.1059,43.3273],[-83.1217,43.3267],[-83.3537,43.3225],[-83.3533,43.2351],[-83.4609,43.2335],[-83.4607,43.2235],[-83.5809,43.2226],[-83.694,43.2223],[-83.6943,43.3252],[-83.6996,43.3317],[-83.7009,43.3941],[-83.7,43.4787],[-83.6996,43.5643],[-83.6989,43.5966],[-83.694,43.5929],[-83.6803,43.5881],[-83.6785,43.5871],[-83.6766,43.5875],[-83.6662,43.5937],[-83.6473,43.6056],[-83.627,43.6238],[-83.6184,43.6318],[-83.6138,43.6358],[-83.6117,43.6417],[-83.6059,43.6429],[-83.5987,43.65],[-83.5954,43.6531],[-83.5821,43.6674],[-83.5743,43.6736],[-83.5722,43.6768],[-83.5682,43.6817],[-83.5636,43.6852],[-83.561,43.6866],[-83.5541,43.6864],[-83.5534,43.6868],[-83.5526,43.6914],[-83.5519,43.6918],[-83.5493,43.6936],[-83.548,43.6945],[-83.5473,43.6958],[-83.5491,43.6995],[-83.549,43.7004],[-83.5477,43.7022],[-83.5437,43.7076],[-83.5354,43.7092],[-83.5293,43.7177],[-83.5259,43.724],[-83.5233,43.7253],[-83.5189,43.7248],[-83.5158,43.7211],[-83.5167,43.7156],[-83.5143,43.7128],[-83.5166,43.7029],[-83.5149,43.6992],[-83.5086,43.699],[-83.4991,43.6979],[-83.4908,43.7014],[-83.4906,43.705],[-83.4759,43.7215],[-83.47,43.7264],[-83.4699,43.7296],[-83.469,43.736],[-83.4714,43.7374],[-83.472,43.7392],[-83.4668,43.7409]]],[[[-83.4963,43.7197],[-83.4982,43.7193],[-83.5007,43.7194],[-83.502,43.7194],[-83.502,43.7203],[-83.5019,43.7212],[-83.4999,43.7234],[-83.4954,43.7261],[-83.4929,43.7242],[-83.4936,43.7238],[-83.4936,43.7224],[-83.4943,43.7215],[-83.4963,43.7197]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Tuscola\",\"state\":\"MI\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abce4b07f02db672d19","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haack, Sheridan K. skhaack@usgs.gov","contributorId":1982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haack","given":"Sheridan","email":"skhaack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":150278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rachol, Cynthia M. 0000-0001-9984-3435 crachol@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9984-3435","contributorId":3488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rachol","given":"Cynthia","email":"crachol@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":150279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5005,"text":"fs13100 - 2000 - Arsenic in ground water in Shiawassee County, Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-06T10:53:31","indexId":"fs13100","displayToPublicDate":"2001-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"131-00","title":"Arsenic in ground water in Shiawassee County, Michigan","docAbstract":"Previous studies of ground-water resources in Michigan by the Michigan Department of Community Health (MDCH), the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality (MDEQ), and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) indicate that in several counties in the southeastern part of the State the concentrations of arsenic in ground water may exceed the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) maximum contaminant level (MCL) of 50 micrograms per liter [µg/L]. This MCL was established in 1986. The Safe Drinking Water Act, as amended in 1996, requires USEPA to revise this standard in 2000. In June 2000, the USEPA proposed a revised MCL of 5 µg/L.
In 1996, the USGS, in cooperation with the MDEQ and the Health Departments of Genesee, Huron, Lapeer, Livingston, Oakland, Sanilac, Shiawassee, Tuscola and Washtenaw counties, began a study of the factors controlling arsenic occurrence and concentrations in ground water in southeastern Michigan. This study is one of four USGS Drinking Water Initiative projects throughout the United States.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Lansing, MI","doi":"10.3133/fs13100","usgsCitation":"Haack, S.K., and Rachol, C.M., 2000, Arsenic in ground water in Shiawassee County, Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 131-00, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs13100.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":121403,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2000/0131/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":31840,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2000/0131/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":256,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://mi.water.usgs.gov/pdf/shiawassee_factsheet_1.11.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","county":"Shiawassee County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-83.9294,43.1334],[-83.9283,43.0451],[-83.9309,42.9574],[-83.928,42.8677],[-83.9225,42.7812],[-84.1593,42.7779],[-84.3649,42.7746],[-84.3668,42.8561],[-84.3666,42.861],[-84.3679,42.9439],[-84.3675,42.9561],[-84.3681,43.1172],[-84.3684,43.1281],[-84.2874,43.1286],[-84.1687,43.1306],[-84.0519,43.1317],[-83.9294,43.1334]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Shiawassee\",\"state\":\"MI\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abce4b07f02db672d47","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haack, Sheridan K. skhaack@usgs.gov","contributorId":1982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haack","given":"Sheridan","email":"skhaack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":150276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rachol, Cynthia M. 0000-0001-9984-3435 crachol@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9984-3435","contributorId":3488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rachol","given":"Cynthia","email":"crachol@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":150277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":26090,"text":"wri004003 - 2000 - Electromagnetic surveys to detect clay-rich sediment in the Rio Grande inner valley, Albuquerque area, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:34","indexId":"wri004003","displayToPublicDate":"2001-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-4003","title":"Electromagnetic surveys to detect clay-rich sediment in the Rio Grande inner valley, Albuquerque area, New Mexico","docAbstract":"Information on the presence of clay-rich layers in the inner-valley \r\nalluvium is essential for quantifying the amount of water transmitted \r\nbetween the Rio Grande and the Santa Fe Group aquifer system. This \r\nreport describes a study that used electromagnetic surveys to provide \r\nthis information. In the first phase of the study, electromagnetic \r\nsoundings were made using time-domain and frequency-domain electro-\r\nmagnetic methods. On the basis of these initial results, the time- \r\ndomain method was judged ineffective because of cultural noise in the \r\nstudy area, so subsequent surveys were made using the frequency-domain\r\nmethod. For the second phase of the study, 31 frequency-domain\r\nelectromagnetic surveys were conducted along the inner valley and\r\nparallel to the Rio Grande in the Albuquerque area in the spring and\r\nsummer of 1997 to determine the presence of hydrologically significant\r\nclay-rich layers buried in the inner-valley alluvium. For this report,\r\nthe 31 survey sections were combined into 10 composite sections for\r\nease of interpretation.\r\n\r\nTerrain-conductivity data from the surveys were modeled \r\nusing interpretation software to produce geoelectric cross sections \r\nalong the survey lines. This modeling used lithologic logs from \r\ntwo wells installed near the survey lines: the Bosque South and \r\nRio Bravo 5 wells. Because of cultural interference, location of \r\nthe wells and soundings, complex stratigraphy, and difficulty \r\ninterpreting lithology, such interpretation was inconclusive. \r\nInstead, a decision process based on modeling results was developed \r\nusing vertical and horizontal dipole 40-meter intercoil spacing \r\nterrain-conductivity values. Values larger than or equal to 20 \r\nmillisiemens per meter were interpreted to contain a \r\nhydrologically significant thickness of clay-rich sediment. \r\nThus, clay-rich sediment was interpreted to underlie seven \r\nsegments of the 10 composited survey lines, totaling at least \r\n2,660 meters of the Rio Grande inner valley. The longest of these \r\nclay-rich segments is a 940-meter reach between Bridge and Rio Bravo \r\nBoulevards.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri004003","usgsCitation":"Bartolino, J.R., and Sterling, J.M., 2000, Electromagnetic surveys to detect clay-rich sediment in the Rio Grande inner valley, Albuquerque area, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2000-4003, iv, 45 p. :ill. (some col.), maps (some col.) ; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri004003.","productDescription":"iv, 45 p. :ill. (some col.), maps (some col.) ; 28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":95582,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2000/4003/report.pdf","size":"6230","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":158273,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2000/4003/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db672571","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bartolino, James R. 0000-0002-2166-7803 jrbartol@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2166-7803","contributorId":2548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartolino","given":"James","email":"jrbartol@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":195780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sterling, Joseph M.","contributorId":26331,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sterling","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":22799,"text":"ofr00363 - 2000 - Traveltime data for Truckee River between Tahoe City, California, and Marble Bluff Dam near Nixon, Nevada, 1999","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:05","indexId":"ofr00363","displayToPublicDate":"2001-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-363","title":"Traveltime data for Truckee River between Tahoe City, California, and Marble Bluff Dam near Nixon, Nevada, 1999","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nInformation Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr00363","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Crompton, E.J., and Bohman, L.R., 2000, Traveltime data for Truckee River between Tahoe City, California, and Marble Bluff Dam near Nixon, Nevada, 1999: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-363, iv, 24 p. ill., col. map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr00363.","productDescription":"iv, 24 p. ill., col. map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155688,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0363/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52229,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0363/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ce4b07f02db626b3a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crompton, E. James","contributorId":78771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crompton","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bohman, Larry R. lrbohman@usgs.gov","contributorId":4769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohman","given":"Larry","email":"lrbohman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":188893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":30854,"text":"wri004002 - 2000 - Metals transport in the Sacramento River, California, 1996-1997; Volume 2: Interpretation of metal loads","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-23T06:58:23","indexId":"wri004002","displayToPublicDate":"2001-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-4002","title":"Metals transport in the Sacramento River, California, 1996-1997; Volume 2: Interpretation of metal loads","docAbstract":"Metals transport in the Sacramento River, northern California, from July 1996 to June 1997 was evaluated in terms of metal loads from samples of water and suspended colloids that were collected on up to six occasions at 13 sites in the Sacramento River Basin. Four of the sampling periods (July, September, and November 1996; and May-June 1997) took place during relatively low-flow conditions and two sampling periods (December 1996 and January 1997) took place during high-flow and flooding conditions, respectively. This study focused primarily on loads of cadmium, copper, lead, and zinc, with secondary emphasis on loads of aluminum, iron, and mercury.
Trace metals in acid mine drainage from abandoned and inactive base-metal mines, in the East and West Shasta mining districts, enter the Sacramento River system in predominantly dissolved form into both Shasta Lake and Keswick Reservoir. The proportion of trace metals that was dissolved (as opposed to colloidal) in samples collected at Shasta and Keswick dams decreased in the order zinc ≈ cadmium > copper > lead. At four sampling sites on the Sacramento River--71, 256, 360, and 412 kilometers downstream of Keswick Dam--trace-metal loads were predominantly colloidal during both high- and low-flow conditions. The proportion of total cadmium, copper, lead, and zinc loads transported to San Francisco Bay and the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta estuary (referred to as the Bay-Delta) that is associated with mineralized areas was estimated by dividing loads at Keswick Dam by loads 412 kilometers downstream at Freeport and the Yolo Bypass. During moderately high flows in December 1996, mineralization-related total (dissolved + colloidal) trace-metal loads to the Bay-Delta (as a percentage of total loads measured downstream) were cadmium, 87 percent; copper, 35 percent; lead, 10 percent; and zinc, 51 percent. During flood conditions in January 1997 loads were cadmium, 22 percent; copper, 11 percent; lead, 2 percent; and zinc, 15 percent. During irrigation drainage season from rice fields (May-June 1997) loads were cadmium, 53 percent; copper, 42 percent; lead, 20 percent; and zinc, 75 percent. These estimates must be qualified by the following factors: (1) metal loads at Colusa in December 1996 and at Verona in May-June 1997 generally exceeded those determined at Freeport during those sampling periods. Therefore, the above percentages represent maximum estimates of the apparent total proportion of metals from mineralized areas upstream of Keswick Dam; and (2) for logistics reasons, the Sacramento River was sampled at Tower Bridge instead of at Freeport during January 1997.
Available data suggest that trace metal loads from agricultural drainage may be significant during certain flow conditions in areas where metals such as copper and zinc are added as agricultural amendments. Copper loads for sampling periods in July and September 1996 and in May-June 1997 show increases of dissolved and colloidal copper and in colloidal zinc between Colusa and Verona, the reach of the Sacramento River along which the Colusa Basin Drain, the Sacramento Slough, and other agricultural return flows are tributaries. Monthly sampling of these two agricultural drains by the USGS National Water-Quality Assessment Program shows seasonal variations in metal concentrations, reaching maximum concentrations of 4 to 6 micrograms per liter in \"dissolved\" (0.45-micrometer filtrate) copper concentrations in May 1996, December 1996, and June 1997. The total (dissolved plus colloidal) load of copper from the Colusa Basin Drain in June 1997 was 18 kilograms per day, whereas the copper load in Spring Creek, which drains the inactive mines on Iron Mountain, was 20 kilograms per day during the same sampling period. For comparison, during the January 1997 flood, the copper load in Spring Creek was about 1,100 kilograms per day and the copper load in the Yolo Bypass was about 7,300 kilograms per day. The data clearly indicate that most copper and zinc loads during the January 1997 flood entered the Sacramento River upstream of Colusa, and upstream of the influence of the most intense agricultural drainage return flows in the Sacramento River watershed.
This study has demonstrated that some trace metals of environmental significance (cadmium, copper, and zinc) in the Sacramento River are transported largely in dissolved form at upstream sites (below Shasta Dam, below Keswick Dam, and at Bend Bridge) proximal to the mineralized areas of the West Shasta and East Shasta mining districts. In contrast, these trace metals are transported largely in colloidal form at downstream sites (Colusa, Verona, Freeport, and Yolo Bypass). Aluminum, iron, and lead were observed to be transported predominantly in the colloidal phase at all mainstem Sacramento River sampling sites during all sampling periods in this study. Despite continuous water treatment, which has removed 85 to 90 percent of the cadmium, copper, and zinc from the mine drainage at Iron Mountain, Spring Creek remains a significant source of these metals to the Sacramento River system.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Sacramento, CA","doi":"10.3133/wri004002","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Sacramento Regional County Sanitation District, California State Water Resources Control Board, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and U.S. Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service","usgsCitation":"2000, Metals transport in the Sacramento River, California, 1996-1997; Volume 2: Interpretation of metal loads: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2000-4002, xi, 106 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri004002.","productDescription":"xi, 106 p.","numberOfPages":"118","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology 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Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":728627,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Taylor, Howard E. hetaylor@usgs.gov","contributorId":1551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Howard","email":"hetaylor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":728628,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dileanis, Peter D. dileanis@usgs.gov","contributorId":71541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dileanis","given":"Peter","email":"dileanis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":728629,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Domagalski, Joseph L. 0000-0002-6032-757X joed@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6032-757X","contributorId":1330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Domagalski","given":"Joseph","email":"joed@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":728630,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":30528,"text":"wri994253 - 2000 - Quality of wet deposition in the Grand Calumet River Watershed, northwestern Indiana, October 17, 1995–November 12, 1996","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-15T09:05:44","indexId":"wri994253","displayToPublicDate":"2001-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1999–4253","displayTitle":"Quality of wet deposition in the Grand Calumet River Watershed, northwestern Indiana, October 17, 1995–November 12, 1996","title":"Quality of wet deposition in the Grand Calumet River Watershed, northwestern Indiana, October 17, 1995–November 12, 1996","docAbstract":"In June 1992, a wet-deposition collection site was established at the Gary (Indiana) Regional Airport to monitor the quantity and chemical quality of wet deposition. During the first phase of sampling, 48 wet-deposition samples were collected between June 30, 1992, and August 31, 1993. A second phase of sampling began in October 1995. During the second phase of sampling, 40 wet-deposition samples were collected between October 17, 1995, and November 12, 1996. This report presents the findings for the second phase of sampling and compares those results to the first phase of sampling.
Northwestern Indiana is a heavily industrialized area. Steel production and petroleum refining are two of the area’s predominant industries. High-temperature processes, such as fossil-fuel combustion and steel production, release contaminants to the atmosphere that may result in wet deposition being a major contributor to major-ion and trace-metal loadings in northwestern Indiana and Lake Michigan. Wet-deposition samples collected during the first and second phases of sampling were analyzed for pH, specific conductance, and selected major ions and trace metals.
Forty weekly wet-deposition samples were collected at the Gary (Indiana) Regional Airport during the second phase of sampling. Approximately 1.2 times as much wet deposition was collected during the second phase of sampling compared to the first phase. Statistically significant increases (at the 5-percent significance level) in concentrations of potassium, iron, lead, and zinc were determined for samples collected during the second phase of sampling when compared to the first. No statistically significant differences were determined in constituent concentrations between samples collected during warm weather (April 1 through October 31) and during cold weather (November 1 through March 31). Annual loadings for the second phase of sampling were greater than 2 times the loadings determined during the first phase of sampling for silica, iron, potassium, lead, and zinc.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri994253","usgsCitation":"Willoughby, T.C., 2000, Quality of wet deposition in the Grand Calumet River Watershed, northwestern Indiana, October 17, 1995–November 12, 1996: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 1999–4253, Report: v, 47 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994253.","productDescription":"Report: v, 47 p.","numberOfPages":"54","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":159561,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4253/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":2418,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4253/wri19994253.pdf","text":"Report","size":"425 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRI 1999-4253"}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","otherGeospatial":"Grand Calumet River Watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -87.52395629882812,\n 41.577443289333814\n ],\n [\n -87.27951049804688,\n 41.577443289333814\n ],\n [\n -87.27951049804688,\n 41.739553198140634\n ],\n [\n -87.52395629882812,\n 41.739553198140634\n ],\n [\n -87.52395629882812,\n 41.577443289333814\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Indiana Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
5957 Lakeside Blvd.
Indianapolis, IN 46278
No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri994272","usgsCitation":"Berger, D.L., 2000, Water budgets for Pine Valley, Carico Lake Valley, and Upper Reese River Valley hydrographic areas, middle Humboldt River basin, north-central Nevada: Methods for estimation and results: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4272, iv, 40 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994272.","productDescription":"iv, 40 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":404885,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_28366.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":54982,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4272/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":158156,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4272/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Pine Valley, Carico Lake Valley, and Upper Reese River Valley hydrographic areas","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.578,\n 38.732\n ],\n [\n -115.922,\n 38.732\n ],\n [\n -115.922,\n 40.631\n ],\n [\n -117.578,\n 40.631\n ],\n [\n -117.578,\n 38.732\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5fa30d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berger, David L. dlberger@usgs.gov","contributorId":1861,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berger","given":"David","email":"dlberger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":195950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":25465,"text":"wri994246 - 2000 - Effects of land use and hydrogeology on the water quality of alluvial aquifers in eastern Iowa and southern Minnesota, 1997","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-10T14:33:02","indexId":"wri994246","displayToPublicDate":"2001-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-4246","title":"Effects of land use and hydrogeology on the water quality of alluvial aquifers in eastern Iowa and southern Minnesota, 1997","docAbstract":"Ground-water samples were collected from monitoring wells at 31 agricultural and 30 urban sites in the Eastern Iowa Basins study unit during June–August 1997 to evaluate the effects of land use and hydrogeology on the water quality of alluvial aquifers. Ground-water samples were analyzed for common ions, nutrients, dissolved organic carbon, tritium, radon-222, pesticides and pesticide metabolites, volatile organic compounds, and environmental isotopes.
\nCalcium, magnesium, and bicarbonate were the dominant ions in most samples and were likely derived from solution of carbonate minerals (calcite and dolomite) present in alluvial detrital deposits. Chloride and nitrate were dominant anions in samples from several wells. Sodium and chloride concentrations were significantly higher in samples from urban areas, where roads are more numerous and road salts may be more frequently applied, than in agricultural areas. Nitrate was detected in 94 percent of samples from agricultural areas and 77 percent of samples from urban areas. Nitrate concentrations were significantly higher in agricultural areas than in urban areas and exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency maximum ontaminant level for drinking water (10 milligrams per liter as N) in 39 percent of samples from agricultural areas. Nitrate concentrations in samples from urban areas did not exceed the maximum contaminant level. Greater use of fertilizers in agricultural areas most likely contributes to higher nitrate concentrations in samples from those areas.
\nTritium-based ages indicate ground water was most likely recharged after the 1950’s at all but one sampling site. Agricultural and urban land-use areas have remained relatively stable in the study area since the 1950’s; therefore, the effects of current land use should be reflected in ground water sampled during this study. Radon-222 was detected in all samples and exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s previously proposed maximum contaminant level for drinking water (300 picocuries per liter) in 71 percent of samples.
\nPesticides were detected in 84 percent of samples from agricultural areas and 70 percent from urban areas. Atrazine and metolachlor were the most frequently detected pesticides in samples from agricultural areas; atrazine and prometon were the most frequently detected pesticides in samples from urban areas. None of the pesticide oncentrations exceeded U.S. Environmental Protection Agency maximum contaminant levels or lifetime health advisories for drinking water. Pesticide metabolites were detected in 94 percent of samples from agricultural areas and 53 percent from urban areas. Metolachlor ethane sulfonic acid and deethylatrazine were the most frequently detected metabolites in samples from agricultural areas; metolachlor ethane sulfonic acid and alachlor ethane sulfonic acid were the most frequently detected metabolites in samples from urban areas.
\nTotal metabolite concentrations were significantly higher in samples from agricultural areas than in samples from urban areas. Total pesticide concentrations (parent compounds) tended to be higher in samples from agricultural areas; however, this difference was not statistically significant.
\nMetabolites constituted the major portion of the total residue concentration in the alluvial aquifer.
\nVolatile organic compounds were detected in 40 percent of samples from urban areas and 10 percent from agricultural areas. Methyl tertbutyl ether was the most commonly detected volatile organic compound and was present in 23 percent of samples from urban areas. Elevated concentrations (greater than 30 micrograms per liter) of methyl tert-butyl ether and BTEX compounds (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene) in two samples from urban areas suggest the possible presence of point-source gasoline leaks or spills.
\nFactors other than land use may contribute to observed differences in water quality between and within agricultural and urban areas. Nitrate, atrazine, deethylatrazine, and deisopropylatrazine concentrations were significantly higher in shallow wells with sample intervals nearer the water table and in wells with thinner cumulative clay thickness above the sample intervals. These relations suggest that longer flow paths allow for greater residence time and increase opportunities for sorption, degradation, and dispersion, which may contribute to decreases in nutrient and pesticide concentrations with depth. Nitrogen speciation was influenced by redox conditions. Nitrate concentrations were significantly higher in ground water with dissolved-oxygen concentrations in excess of 0.5 milligram per liter. Ammonia concentrations were higher in ground water with dissolved-oxygen concentrations of 0.5 milligram per liter or less; however, this relation was not statistically significant. The amount of available organic matter may limit denitrification rates. Elevated nitrate concentrations (greater than 2.0 mg/L) were significantly related to lower dissolved organic carbon concentrations in water samples from both agricultural and urban areas. A similar relation between nitrate concentrations (in water) and organic carbon concentrations (in aquifer material) also was observed but was not statistically significant.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri994246","usgsCitation":"Savoca, M.E., Sadorf, E.M., Linhart, S., and Akers, K.K., 2000, Effects of land use and hydrogeology on the water quality of alluvial aquifers in eastern Iowa and southern Minnesota, 1997: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4246, iv, 38 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994246.","productDescription":"iv, 38 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1997-06-01","temporalEnd":"1997-08-31","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":121945,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri_99_4246.jpg"},{"id":9916,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri994246/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa, Minnesota","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.24169921875,\n 41.85319643776675\n ],\n [\n -90.439453125,\n 41.64828831259535\n ],\n [\n -90.758056640625,\n 41.508577297439324\n ],\n [\n -91.153564453125,\n 41.44272637767212\n ],\n [\n -91.219482421875,\n 41.236511201246216\n ],\n [\n -91.0546875,\n 40.979898069620155\n ],\n [\n -91.241455078125,\n 40.75557964275591\n ],\n [\n -91.614990234375,\n 40.74725696280421\n ],\n [\n -91.856689453125,\n 40.68896903762434\n ],\n [\n -92.373046875,\n 40.979898069620155\n ],\n [\n -92.70263671874999,\n 41.20345619205129\n ],\n [\n -93.09814453125,\n 41.409775832009565\n ],\n [\n -93.50463867187499,\n 41.52502957323801\n ],\n [\n -93.702392578125,\n 41.73852846935917\n ],\n [\n -93.966064453125,\n 41.9921602333763\n ],\n [\n -93.97705078125,\n 42.26917949243506\n ],\n [\n -93.80126953124999,\n 42.391008609205045\n ],\n [\n -93.7353515625,\n 42.53689200787317\n ],\n [\n -93.71337890625,\n 42.73894375124379\n ],\n [\n -93.922119140625,\n 43.02874525134882\n ],\n [\n -94.09790039062499,\n 43.23719944365308\n ],\n [\n -94.053955078125,\n 43.476840397778915\n ],\n [\n -93.75732421875,\n 43.67581809328341\n ],\n [\n -93.515625,\n 43.874138181474734\n ],\n [\n -93.09814453125,\n 43.59630591596548\n ],\n [\n -92.43896484375,\n 43.1090040242731\n ],\n [\n -92.318115234375,\n 42.89206418807337\n ],\n [\n -92.16430664062499,\n 42.819580715795915\n ],\n [\n -92.032470703125,\n 42.53689200787317\n ],\n [\n -91.790771484375,\n 42.374778361114195\n ],\n [\n -91.47216796875,\n 42.17968819665961\n ],\n [\n -91.175537109375,\n 42.00032514831621\n ],\n [\n -90.867919921875,\n 41.934976500546604\n ],\n [\n -90.802001953125,\n 41.78769700539063\n ],\n [\n -90.5712890625,\n 41.73852846935917\n ],\n [\n -90.24169921875,\n 41.85319643776675\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ae4b07f02db6250ca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Savoca, Mark E. mesavoca@usgs.gov","contributorId":1961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savoca","given":"Mark","email":"mesavoca@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":193801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sadorf, Eric M. emsadorf@usgs.gov","contributorId":2245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sadorf","given":"Eric","email":"emsadorf@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":193802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Linhart, S. Mike","contributorId":61073,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Linhart","given":"S. Mike","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Akers, Kim K.B.","contributorId":19592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Akers","given":"Kim","email":"","middleInitial":"K.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}