{"pageNumber":"32","pageRowStart":"775","pageSize":"25","recordCount":4111,"records":[{"id":70211596,"text":"70211596 - 2020 - Quantitative paleoflood hydrology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-03T23:11:52.214282","indexId":"70211596","displayToPublicDate":"2020-06-27T08:12:07","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Quantitative paleoflood hydrology","docAbstract":"This chapter reviews the paleohydrologic techniques and approaches used to reconstruct the magnitude and frequency of past floods using geological evidence. Quantitative paleoflood hydrology typically leads to two phases of analysis: (1) documentation and assessment of flood physical evidence (paleostage indicators), and (2) relating identified flood evidence to flood discharge, based on hydraulic calculations. Most paleoflood studies rely on stratigraphic sequences of fine-grained flood deposits found in slack-water and eddy environments in bedrock rivers to enable the estimates of paleodischarges for floods of past few centuries or millennia. Geochronology, commonly based on techniques such as optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and radiocarbon, enable paleoflood age estimates. Such paleoflood discharge and age information can vastly improve flood frequency estimates, particularly for large and rare floods for which quantile estimates are typically poorly constrained by short historical records. The inclusion of such physical evidence of flooding into flood frequency assessments has been aided by new techniques of frequency analysis that can efficiently employ such data. Consequently, paleoflood analysis is supporting probability risk management of critical infrastructure such as nuclear facilities, dams, or bridges. Paleoflood studies also support understanding of the recurrence of geomorphically effective flows and assessment of non-stationarity in the frequency of large floods due to climate, land-use, or other environmental changes.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Reference module in earth systems and environmental sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/B978-0-12-409548-9.12495-9","usgsCitation":"Benito, G., and O'Connor, J., 2020, Quantitative paleoflood hydrology, chap. of Reference module in earth systems and environmental sciences, p. 459-474, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-409548-9.12495-9.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"459","endPage":"474","ipdsId":"IP-116576","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":377006,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Spain","otherGeospatial":"Llobregat River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 2.146453857421875,\n 41.307729208348015\n ],\n [\n 2.077789306640625,\n 41.51783221717116\n ],\n [\n 2.0269775390625,\n 41.64828831259533\n ],\n [\n 1.9418334960937498,\n 41.80305444575587\n ],\n [\n 1.90887451171875,\n 41.94519164538106\n ],\n [\n 1.833343505859375,\n 41.94825586972943\n ],\n [\n 1.8429565429687498,\n 41.77336007442076\n ],\n [\n 1.803131103515625,\n 41.63084096540012\n ],\n [\n 1.882781982421875,\n 41.529141988723104\n ],\n [\n 1.943206787109375,\n 41.38711263243966\n ],\n [\n 2.06817626953125,\n 41.307729208348015\n ],\n [\n 2.1148681640624996,\n 41.28606238749825\n ],\n [\n 2.146453857421875,\n 41.307729208348015\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Benito, Gerardo","contributorId":236942,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Benito","given":"Gerardo","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":47572,"text":"Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), National Museum of Natural Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":794756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O'Connor, Jim E. 0000-0002-7928-5883 oconnor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7928-5883","contributorId":140771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Connor","given":"Jim E.","email":"oconnor@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":794758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70210744,"text":"70210744 - 2020 - Effects of harmful algal blooms and associated water-quality on endangered Lost River and shortnose suckers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-23T15:25:45.030512","indexId":"70210744","displayToPublicDate":"2020-06-20T10:17:01","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1878,"text":"Harmful Algae","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of harmful algal blooms and associated water-quality on endangered Lost River and shortnose suckers","docAbstract":"

Anthropogenic eutrophication contributes to harmful blooms of cyanobacteria in freshwater ecosystems worldwide. In Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, massive blooms of Aphanizomenon flos-aquae and smaller blooms of other cyanobacteria are associated with cyanotoxins, hypoxia, high pH, high concentrations of ammonia, and potentially hypercapnia. Recovery of the endangered Lost River sucker Deltistes luxatus and shortnose sucker Chasmistes brevirostris in Upper Klamath Lake is obstructed by low survival in the juvenile life stage. Water quality associated with the harmful algal blooms and their decomposition (crashes) is often singled out as the primary cause of juvenile sucker mortality. We investigated this general hypothesis with a review of relevant literature and data from decades of monitoring in Upper Klamath Lake. Microcystins, hepatotoxins produced by some cyanobacteria, are unlikely to be directly lethal to suckers; potential effects of other cyanotoxins that are present in the lake warrant investigation. Dissolved-oxygen saturation declined following bloom crashes, but was infrequently low enough for long enough in Upper Klamath Lake to cause direct sucker mortality. Hypercapnia could potentially reach lethal concentrations in the fall and winter, but did not appear to be associated with the summer algal blooms. pH was highest during peaks in cyanobacteria growth, but infrequently reached directly lethal levels (> 10.3). However, pH frequently reached an observed sub-lethal effect level for juvenile suckers (10.0). Un-ionized ammonia rarely exceeded even the lowest effect level measured for suckers. Rather than act as a direct cause of large-scale mortality, the available evidence suggests that water quality associated with massive blooms of cyanobacteria in Upper Klamath Lake contributes to chronic stress for juvenile suckers and may increase mortality due to other factors.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.hal.2020.101847","usgsCitation":"Burdick, S.M., Hewitt, D., Martin, B.A., Schenk, L.N., and Rounds, S.A., 2020, Effects of harmful algal blooms and associated water-quality on endangered Lost River and shortnose suckers: Harmful Algae, v. 97, 101847, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2020.101847.","productDescription":"101847, 20 p.","ipdsId":"IP-109018","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":375815,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Upper Klamath Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.81777954101561,\n 42.08905095219165\n ],\n [\n -121.73675537109374,\n 42.21733067375916\n ],\n [\n -121.78619384765624,\n 42.36970554816487\n ],\n [\n -121.89605712890624,\n 42.49235259142821\n ],\n [\n -121.90017700195312,\n 42.53992763032448\n ],\n [\n -121.92489624023436,\n 42.60566321006408\n ],\n [\n -122.00454711914061,\n 42.58544425738491\n ],\n [\n -122.04849243164061,\n 42.508552415528634\n ],\n [\n -122.09518432617186,\n 42.48323834594139\n ],\n [\n -122.08007812499999,\n 42.430552260619564\n ],\n [\n -122.04986572265624,\n 42.412304442420684\n ],\n [\n -122.01690673828124,\n 42.37274928510041\n ],\n [\n -121.98669433593749,\n 42.40115038362433\n ],\n [\n -121.97433471679689,\n 42.371734722510496\n ],\n [\n -121.95373535156249,\n 42.38086519582321\n ],\n [\n -121.92214965820311,\n 42.355499492256534\n ],\n [\n -121.95510864257811,\n 42.34433533786168\n ],\n [\n -121.93862915039061,\n 42.28340504748081\n ],\n [\n -121.90017700195312,\n 42.3047373589234\n ],\n [\n -121.85760498046875,\n 42.245801966774025\n ],\n [\n -121.81915283203126,\n 42.21936476344714\n ],\n [\n -121.80679321289062,\n 42.19596877629178\n ],\n [\n -121.86721801757812,\n 42.16645713841854\n ],\n [\n -121.84249877929688,\n 42.08599350447723\n ],\n [\n -121.82601928710938,\n 42.09007006868398\n ],\n [\n -121.81777954101561,\n 42.08905095219165\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"97","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burdick, Summer M. 0000-0002-3480-5793 sburdick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3480-5793","contributorId":3448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burdick","given":"Summer","email":"sburdick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":791212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hewitt, David A. 0000-0002-5387-0275","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5387-0275","contributorId":225441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hewitt","given":"David A.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":791213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Martin, Barbara A. 0000-0002-9415-6377 barbara_ann_martin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9415-6377","contributorId":2855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Barbara","email":"barbara_ann_martin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":791214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schenk, Liam N. 0000-0002-2491-0813 lschenk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2491-0813","contributorId":4273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schenk","given":"Liam","email":"lschenk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":791215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rounds, Stewart A. 0000-0002-8540-2206","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8540-2206","contributorId":205029,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rounds","given":"Stewart","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":791216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70228940,"text":"70228940 - 2020 - Habitat associations and distributions of two endemic crayfishes, Cambarus (Erebicambarus) maculatus Hobbs & Pflieger, 1988 and Faxonius (Billecambarus) harrisonii (Faxon, 1884) (Decapoda: Astacoidea: Cambaridae), in the Meramec River drainage, Missouri, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-24T16:03:02.114215","indexId":"70228940","displayToPublicDate":"2020-06-20T09:59:51","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"displayTitle":"Habitat associations and distributions of two endemic crayfishes, Cambarus (Erebicambarus) maculatus Hobbs & Pflieger, 1988 and Faxonius (Billecambarus) harrisonii (Faxon, 1884) (Decapoda: Astacoidea: Cambaridae), in the Meramec River drainage, Missouri, USA","title":"Habitat associations and distributions of two endemic crayfishes, Cambarus (Erebicambarus) maculatus Hobbs & Pflieger, 1988 and Faxonius (Billecambarus) harrisonii (Faxon, 1884) (Decapoda: Astacoidea: Cambaridae), in the Meramec River drainage, Missouri, USA","docAbstract":"

Understanding the habitat associations and distributions of rare species is important to inform management and policy decisions. Cambarus (Erebicambarus) maculatus  Hobbs & Pflieger, 1988, the freckled crayfish, and Faxonius (Billecambarus) harrisonii (Faxon, 1884), the belted crayfish, are two of Missouri’s endemic crayfish species. Both species are listed as Vulnerable (S3) on Missouri’s Species and Communities of Conservation Concern Checklist due to their limited range within the Meramec River drainage (MRD) and the impact of anthropogenic activities therein. Their distributional overlap offers an opportunity for multi-species research to address gaps in information required for conservation. We sampled 140 sites throughout the MRD during the summers of 2017 and 2018 for crayfishes and associated habitat variables, which we related to crayfish presence in an occupancy modeling framework. We found that C. maculatus occupancy was associated with larger stream size, boulder substrate, dolomite lithology, aquatic vegetation beds, dissolved oxygen, and pool mesohabitat. Faxonius harrisonii occupancy increased with boulder substrate, aquatic vegetation beds, the presence of C. maculatus, and decreased in third-order streams. We also expanded the known range for both species within the MRD. Range estimates (watershed area) for C. maculatus and F. harrisonii were 4,347 km2 and 3,690 km2, respectively. This study demonstrates the importance of targeted rather than opportunistic sampling for species distribution.

","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1093/jcbiol/ruaa033","usgsCitation":"Chilton, J., Rosenberger, A.E., and DiStefano, R., 2020, Habitat associations and distributions of two endemic crayfishes, Cambarus (Erebicambarus) maculatus Hobbs & Pflieger, 1988 and Faxonius (Billecambarus) harrisonii (Faxon, 1884) (Decapoda: Astacoidea: Cambaridae), in the Meramec River drainage, Missouri, USA, v. 40, no. 4, p. 351-363, https://doi.org/10.1093/jcbiol/ruaa033.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"351","endPage":"363","ipdsId":"IP-123414","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":456340,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jcbiol/ruaa033","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":396426,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","otherGeospatial":"Meramec River drainage","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.90887451171875,\n 37.54239958054064\n ],\n [\n -90.428466796875,\n 37.54239958054064\n ],\n [\n -90.428466796875,\n 38.59970036588819\n ],\n [\n -91.90887451171875,\n 38.59970036588819\n ],\n [\n -91.90887451171875,\n 37.54239958054064\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"40","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-06-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chilton, J.","contributorId":280068,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chilton","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6754,"text":"University of Missouri","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":835981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rosenberger, Amanda E. 0000-0002-5520-8349 arosenberger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5520-8349","contributorId":5581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberger","given":"Amanda","email":"arosenberger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":396,"text":"Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":835983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"DiStefano, Robert J.","contributorId":213268,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"DiStefano","given":"Robert J.","affiliations":[{"id":16971,"text":"Missouri Department of Conservation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":835982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70236094,"text":"70236094 - 2020 - Kinematic rupture and 3D wave propagation simulations of the 2019 Mw 7.1 Ridgecrest, California, earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-29T11:59:56.732315","indexId":"70236094","displayToPublicDate":"2020-06-16T06:57:02","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Kinematic rupture and 3D wave propagation simulations of the 2019 Mw 7.1 Ridgecrest, California, earthquake","docAbstract":"

We model the kinematic rupture process of the 2019 Mw\">MwMw 7.1 Ridgecrest, California, earthquake using numerical simulations to reproduce the elastodynamic wave field observed by inertial seismometers, high‐rate Global Navigation Satellite System stations, and borehole strainmeters. This was the largest earthquake in Southern California in 20 yr and was widely felt throughout the region. The Mw\">MwMw 7.1 mainshock was part of a large sequence of ∼30,000\">∼30,000∼30,000 aftershocks and was notably preceded by an Mw\">MwMw 6.4 foreshock by 34 hr on fault structures that were once poorly understood. A large number of seismic and geodetic instruments measured the rupture process for both events, with many stations located in the near field. Hence, this is a rare opportunity to better understand complex earthquake processes that arise in an immature fault zone using advanced computing. Of the kinematic rupture models that we tested, our preferred is the simplest one that reproduces signals recorded by the three different geophysical datasets; it is composed of four distinct ruptures that progressively migrate to the southeast with delayed initiation times, and typical rupture speeds. This type of model does a better job at matching the recorded ground motions and deformations than does one composed of a continuous rupture with very low‐rupture velocity, as proposed in other studies of this earthquake.

","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120200031","usgsCitation":"Hirakawa, E.T., and Barbour, A.J., 2020, Kinematic rupture and 3D wave propagation simulations of the 2019 Mw 7.1 Ridgecrest, California, earthquake: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 110, no. 4, p. 1644-1659, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120200031.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1644","endPage":"1659","ipdsId":"IP-115108","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":405783,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Ridgecrest","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.98217773437499,\n 35.38904996691167\n ],\n [\n -117.3614501953125,\n 35.38904996691167\n ],\n [\n -117.3614501953125,\n 35.79108281624994\n ],\n [\n -117.98217773437499,\n 35.79108281624994\n ],\n [\n -117.98217773437499,\n 35.38904996691167\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"110","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-06-16","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hirakawa, Evan Tyler 0000-0002-5720-0850","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5720-0850","contributorId":295776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hirakawa","given":"Evan","email":"","middleInitial":"Tyler","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":849974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barbour, Andrew J. 0000-0002-6890-2452","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6890-2452","contributorId":215339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barbour","given":"Andrew","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":849975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70210592,"text":"70210592 - 2020 - Subspecies differentiation in an enigmatic chaparral shrub species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-09T15:08:27.096705","indexId":"70210592","displayToPublicDate":"2020-06-04T11:05:50","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":724,"text":"American Journal of Botany","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Subspecies differentiation in an enigmatic chaparral shrub species","docAbstract":"

Premise

Delimiting biodiversity units is difficult in organisms in which differentiation is obscured by hybridization, plasticity, and other factors that blur phenotypic boundaries. Such work is more complicated when the focal units are subspecies, the definition of which has not been broadly explored in the era of modern genetic methods. Eastwood manzanita (Arctostaphylos glandulosa Eastw.) is a widely distributed and morphologically complex chaparral shrub species with much subspecific variation, which has proven challenging to categorize. Currently 10 subspecies are recognized, however, many of them are not geographically segregated, and morphological intermediates are common. Subspecies delimitation is of particular importance in this species because two of the subspecies are rare. The goal of this study was to apply an evolutionary definition of “subspecies” to characterize structure within Eastwood manzanita.

Methods

We used publicly available geospatial environmental data and reduced‐representation genome sequencing to characterize environmental and genetic differentiation among subspecies. In addition, we tested whether subspecies could be differentiated by environmentally associated genetic variation.

Results

Our analyses do not show genetic differentiation among subspecies of Eastwood manzanita, with the exception of one of the two rare subspecies. In addition, our environmental analyses did not show ecological differentiation, though limitations of the analysis prevent strong conclusions.

Conclusions

Genetic structure within Eastwood manzanita does not correspond to current subspecies circumscriptions, but rather reflects geographic distribution. Our study suggests that subspecies concepts need to be reconsidered in long‐lived plant species, especially in the age of next‐generation sequencing.

","language":"English","publisher":"Botanical Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ajb2.1496","usgsCitation":"Huang, Y., Morrison, G.R., Brelsford, A., Franklin, J., Jolles, D.D., Keeley, J., Parker, V., Saavedra, N., Sanders, A.C., Stoughton, T., Wahlert, G.A., and Litt, A., 2020, Subspecies differentiation in an enigmatic chaparral shrub species: American Journal of Botany, v. 107, no. 6, p. 923-940, https://doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.1496.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"923","endPage":"940","ipdsId":"IP-115824","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":456496,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.1496","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":375519,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"107","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-06-04","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huang, Yi","contributorId":225188,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huang","given":"Yi","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":41068,"text":"University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":790719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morrison, Glen R.","contributorId":225189,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morrison","given":"Glen","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":41068,"text":"University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":790720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brelsford, Alan","contributorId":225190,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brelsford","given":"Alan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":41068,"text":"University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":790721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Franklin, Janet","contributorId":192373,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Franklin","given":"Janet","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":790722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jolles, Diana D","contributorId":225191,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jolles","given":"Diana","email":"","middleInitial":"D","affiliations":[{"id":41069,"text":"Plymouth State University, Plymouth, NH 03264","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":790723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Keeley, Jon 0000-0002-4564-6521","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4564-6521","contributorId":216485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keeley","given":"Jon","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":790724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Parker, V Thomas","contributorId":225192,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Parker","given":"V Thomas","affiliations":[{"id":41070,"text":"San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA 94132","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":790725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Saavedra, Natalie","contributorId":225193,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Saavedra","given":"Natalie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":41068,"text":"University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":790726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Sanders, Andrew C","contributorId":225194,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sanders","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"C","affiliations":[{"id":41068,"text":"University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":790727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Stoughton, Thomas","contributorId":225195,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stoughton","given":"Thomas","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":41069,"text":"Plymouth State University, Plymouth, NH 03264","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":790728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Wahlert, Gregory A.","contributorId":225196,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wahlert","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":41071,"text":"University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":790729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Litt, Amy","contributorId":225197,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Litt","given":"Amy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":41068,"text":"University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":790730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70210424,"text":"tm15C2 - 2020 - Safe work practices for working with wildlife","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70210424,"text":"tm15C2 - 2020 - Safe work practices for working with wildlife","indexId":"tm15C2","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"displayTitle":"Safe Work Practices for Working with Wildlife","title":"Safe work practices for working with wildlife"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70118922,"text":"tm15 - 2015 - Field Manual of Wildlife Diseases","indexId":"tm15","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"title":"Field Manual of Wildlife Diseases"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70118922,"text":"tm15 - 2015 - Field Manual of Wildlife Diseases","indexId":"tm15","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"title":"Field Manual of Wildlife Diseases"},"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-30T12:31:55.800652","indexId":"tm15C2","displayToPublicDate":"2020-06-03T15:06:00","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":335,"text":"Techniques and Methods","code":"TM","onlineIssn":"2328-7055","printIssn":"2328-7047","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"15-C2","displayTitle":"Safe Work Practices for Working with Wildlife","title":"Safe work practices for working with wildlife","docAbstract":"

Most wildlife biologists, technicians, and veterinarians complete their tasks safely and uneventfully every day. However, some significant risks exist in this line of work, and injuries, illnesses, and accidental deaths among wildlife workers do occur. Aviation accidents (airplane and helicopter), drownings, and car and truck accidents are the most common causes of fatalities among wildlife workers (Sasse, 2003). Although rare, serious zoonotic infections also happen. Being mindful of occupational hazards and zoonoses (diseases transmitted between humans and animals), and the various ways to minimize these risks, can help workers stay safe and healthy on the job.

","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Section C: Techniques in Disease Surveillance and Investigation in Book 15 Field Manual of Wildlife Diseases","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/tm15C2","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Taylor, T., and Buttke, D., 2020, Safe work practices for working with wildlife: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods, book 15, chap. C2, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tm15C2.","productDescription":"iv, 26 p.","numberOfPages":"34","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-109854","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":375270,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/15/c02/tm15c2.pdf","text":"Report","size":"10.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"T&M 15–C–2"},{"id":375269,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/15/c02/coverthb.jpg"}],"contact":"

Director, National Wildlife Health Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6006 Schroeder Road
Madison, WI 53711–6223

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"publishedDate":"2020-06-03","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-06-03","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Richgels, Katherine L. D. 0000-0003-2834-9477 krichgels@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2834-9477","contributorId":151205,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richgels","given":"Katherine","email":"krichgels@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L. D.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":790237,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gibbs, Samantha E.J.","contributorId":225084,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gibbs","given":"Samantha","email":"","middleInitial":"E.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":790252,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wild, Margaret A.","contributorId":225083,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wild","given":"Margaret","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":790253,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Taylor, Tegwin","contributorId":225081,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Taylor","given":"Tegwin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":790238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Buttke, Danielle","contributorId":225082,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Buttke","given":"Danielle","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":790239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70229794,"text":"70229794 - 2020 - Panmixia in a sea ice-associated marine mammal: evaluating genetic structure of the Pacific walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens) at multiple spatial scales","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-18T13:31:01.522483","indexId":"70229794","displayToPublicDate":"2020-06-02T10:18:23","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2373,"text":"Journal of Mammalogy","onlineIssn":"1545-1542","printIssn":"0022-2372","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Panmixia in a sea ice-associated marine mammal: evaluating genetic structure of the Pacific walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens) at multiple spatial scales","title":"Panmixia in a sea ice-associated marine mammal: evaluating genetic structure of the Pacific walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens) at multiple spatial scales","docAbstract":"

The kin structure of a species at relatively fine spatial scales impacts broad-scale patterns in genetic structure at the population level. However, kin structure rarely has been elucidated for migratory marine mammals. The Pacific walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens) exhibits migratory behavior linked to seasonal patterns in sea ice dynamics. Consequently, information on the spatial genetic structure of the subspecies, including kin structure, could aid wildlife managers in designing future studies to evaluate the impacts of sea ice loss on the subspecies. We sampled 8,303 individual walruses over a 5-year period and used 114 single-nucleotide polymorphisms to examine both broad-scale patterns in genetic structure and fine-scale patterns in relatedness. We did not detect any evidence of genetic structure at broad spatial scales, with low FST values (≤ 0.001) across all pairs of putative aggregations. To evaluate kin structure at fine spatial scales, we defined a walrus group as a cluster of resting individuals that were less than one walrus body length apart. We found weak evidence of kin structure at fine spatial scales, with 3.72% of groups exhibiting mean relatedness values greater than expected by chance, and a significantly higher overall observed mean value of relatedness within groups than expected by chance. Thus, the high spatiotemporal variation in the distribution of resources in the Pacific Arctic environment likely has favored a gregarious social system in Pacific walruses, with unrelated animals forming temporary associations.

","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/jmammal/gyaa050","usgsCitation":"Beatty, W., Lemons, P., Sethi, S., Everett, J., Lewis, C.J., Lynn, R.J., Cook, G.M., Garlich-Miller, J.L., and Wenburg, J.K., 2020, Panmixia in a sea ice-associated marine mammal: evaluating genetic structure of the Pacific walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens) at multiple spatial scales: Journal of Mammalogy, v. 101, no. 3, p. 755-765, https://doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyaa050.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"755","endPage":"765","ipdsId":"IP-127026","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":456518,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyaa050","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":397244,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Russia, United States","otherGeospatial":"Bering Sea","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -179.296875,\n 54.57206165565852\n ],\n [\n -155.7421875,\n 54.57206165565852\n ],\n [\n -155.7421875,\n 69.16255790810501\n ],\n [\n -179.296875,\n 69.16255790810501\n ],\n [\n -179.296875,\n 54.57206165565852\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"101","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-06-02","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beatty, William S. 0000-0003-0013-3113","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0013-3113","contributorId":288790,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beatty","given":"William S.","affiliations":[{"id":6654,"text":"USFWS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":838281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lemons, Patrick R.","contributorId":288791,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lemons","given":"Patrick R.","affiliations":[{"id":6654,"text":"USFWS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":838282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sethi, Suresh 0000-0002-0053-1827 ssethi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0053-1827","contributorId":191424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sethi","given":"Suresh","email":"ssethi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":838280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Everett, Jason","contributorId":288792,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Everett","given":"Jason","affiliations":[{"id":6654,"text":"USFWS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":838283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lewis, Cara J.","contributorId":288794,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lewis","given":"Cara","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6654,"text":"USFWS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":838284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lynn, Robert J.","contributorId":288795,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lynn","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6654,"text":"USFWS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":838285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Cook, Geoffrey M.","contributorId":288798,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cook","given":"Geoffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6654,"text":"USFWS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":838286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Garlich-Miller, Joel L.","contributorId":288799,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garlich-Miller","given":"Joel","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6654,"text":"USFWS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":838287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Wenburg, John K.","contributorId":288802,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wenburg","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":6654,"text":"USFWS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":838288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70228511,"text":"70228511 - 2020 - Immigration does not offset harvest mortality in groups of a cooperatively breeding carnivore","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-11T13:26:20.43542","indexId":"70228511","displayToPublicDate":"2020-05-28T07:20:29","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":774,"text":"Animal Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Immigration does not offset harvest mortality in groups of a cooperatively breeding carnivore","docAbstract":"

The effects of harvest on cooperatively breeding species are often more complex than simply subtracting the number of animals that died from the group count. Changes in demographic rates, particularly dispersal, could offset some effects of harvest mortality in groups but this is rarely explored with cooperative breeders. We asked whether a cooperatively breeding species known for long-distance dispersal could compensate for the effect of harvest mortality on density by adopting immigrants into the group. We used genetic samples to estimate the minimum density of gray wolves (Canis lupus) and proportion of immigrants in groups in the northern US Rocky Mountains after an annual harvest regime was initiated and in the Canadian Rocky Mountains where wolves were managed consistently under an annual harvest regime. We tested whether immigration (1) compensated, (2) partially compensated or (3) did not compensate numerically for harvest mortality in groups and hypothesized immigration would increase with increasing harvest intensity. Density of wolves in groups declined after harvest was initiated whereas immigration into groups was consistently low and did not change with harvest in the US study area. Immigration into groups was similarly low and density even lower in the Canadian study area compared to the US study area. Our results indicate immigration did not compensate for harvest mortality in groups in two separate populations of a cooperatively breeding carnivore. We hypothesize the social structure of wolf groups may limit the potentially compensatory response of immigration in some populations.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/acv.12593","usgsCitation":"Bassing, S., Ausband, D.E., Mitchell, M.S., Schwartz, M.K., Nowak, J., Hale, G., and Waits, L.P., 2020, Immigration does not offset harvest mortality in groups of a cooperatively breeding carnivore: Animal Conservation, v. 23, no. 6, p. 750-761, https://doi.org/10.1111/acv.12593.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"750","endPage":"761","ipdsId":"IP-117321","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":395842,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-05-28","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bassing, S. B.","contributorId":276010,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bassing","given":"S. B.","affiliations":[{"id":50219,"text":"um","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ausband, David Edward 0000-0001-9204-9837","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9204-9837","contributorId":275329,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ausband","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"Edward","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":834470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mitchell, Michael S. 0000-0002-0773-6905 mmitchel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0773-6905","contributorId":3716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"Michael","email":"mmitchel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":834468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schwartz, M. K.","contributorId":276011,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schwartz","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":56917,"text":"ufs","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nowak, J. J.","contributorId":276012,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nowak","given":"J. J.","affiliations":[{"id":50219,"text":"um","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hale, G.","contributorId":276013,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hale","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48624,"text":"AEP","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Waits, L. P.","contributorId":276014,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Waits","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":39599,"text":"ui","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70228493,"text":"70228493 - 2020 - Estimation of metademographic rates and landscape connectivity for a conservation-reliant anuran","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-11T17:12:15.833486","indexId":"70228493","displayToPublicDate":"2020-05-23T11:05:55","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2602,"text":"Landscape Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimation of metademographic rates and landscape connectivity for a conservation-reliant anuran","docAbstract":"

Context

Amphibian conservation efforts commonly assume populations are tied to waterbodies that collectively function as a metapopulation. This assumption is rarely evaluated, and there is a need to understand the degree of connectivity among patches to appropriately define, manage, and conserve biological populations.

Objectives

Our objectives were to quantify local persistence, colonization, and recruitment (metademographic rates) in relation to habitat attributes, evaluate the influence of the spatial arrangement of patches on landscape-scale population dynamics, and estimate the scale at which metapopulation dynamics are occurring for Oregon spotted frog (Rana pretiosa).

Methods

We collected R. pretiosa detection/non-detection data and habitat information from 93 sites spread throughout the species’ extant range in Oregon, USA, 2010–2018. We developed a spatial multistate dynamic occupancy model to analyze these data.

Results

The proportion of sites occupied by R. pretiosa was relatively stable despite regular turnover in site occupancy. Connectivity was greatest when the distance between sites was within 4.49–7.70 km, and the results suggested that populations within 1 km are at the appropriate spatial scale for effective population management. Rana pretiosa metademographic rates were strongly tied to water availability, vegetation characteristics, and beaver dams.

Conclusions

Our analysis provides critical information to identify the appropriate spatial scale for effective population management, estimates the distance at which populations are connected, and quantifies the effects of hypothesized threats to species at a landscape scale. We believe this model will prove to be useful to inform conservation and management strategies for multiple species.

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Environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis is increasingly used for biomonitoring and research of fish populations and communities by environmental resource managers and academic researchers. Although managers are much interested in expanding the use of eDNA as a survey technique, they are sceptical about both its utility (given that information is often limited to presence/absence of a species) and feasibility (given the need for proper laboratory facilities for sample processing). Nonetheless, under the right circumstances, eDNA analysis is cost‐effective compared to many traditional aquatic survey methods and does not disturb habitat or harm the animals being surveyed. This article presents a case study in which eDNA analysis was successfully used to document the presence of a rare fish species in a waterway earmarked for restoration. The authors discuss the conditions that allowed this study to occur quickly and smoothly and speculate on how the goals of researchers and managers can be integrated for efficient and informative use of this tool.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/jfb.14401","usgsCitation":"Dressler, T.L., Lafferty, K.D., Jerde, C.L., and Dudley, T.L., 2020, Looking where it’s hard to see: A case study documenting rare Eucyclogobius newberryi presence in a California lagoon: Journal of Fish Biology, v. 97, no. 2, p. 572-576, https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.14401.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"572","endPage":"576","ipdsId":"IP-118821","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":378515,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Santa Barbara","otherGeospatial":"Andree Clark Bird Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.66501712799071,\n 34.4179205416084\n ],\n [\n -119.65694904327393,\n 34.4179205416084\n ],\n [\n -119.65694904327393,\n 34.42323073969078\n ],\n [\n -119.66501712799071,\n 34.42323073969078\n ],\n [\n -119.66501712799071,\n 34.4179205416084\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"97","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-06-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dressler, Terra L","contributorId":240830,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dressler","given":"Terra","email":"","middleInitial":"L","affiliations":[{"id":48145,"text":"Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lafferty, Kevin D. 0000-0001-7583-4593 klafferty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7583-4593","contributorId":1415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lafferty","given":"Kevin","email":"klafferty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":798995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jerde, Christopher L. 0000-0002-8074-3466","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8074-3466","contributorId":210301,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jerde","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":16936,"text":"University of California Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dudley, Tom L.","contributorId":177792,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dudley","given":"Tom","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":798997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70210148,"text":"ofr20201046 - 2020 - Sediments and the sea floor of the continental shelves and coastal waters of the United States—About the usSEABED integrated sea-floor-characterization database, built with the dbSEABED processing system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-21T14:51:44.052171","indexId":"ofr20201046","displayToPublicDate":"2020-05-21T08:35:00","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2020-1046","displayTitle":"Sediments and the Sea Floor of the Continental Shelves and Coastal Waters of the United States—About the usSEABED Integrated Sea-Floor-Characterization Database, Built With the dbSEABED Processing System","title":"Sediments and the sea floor of the continental shelves and coastal waters of the United States—About the usSEABED integrated sea-floor-characterization database, built with the dbSEABED processing system","docAbstract":"

Since the second half of the 20th century, there has been an increase in scientific interest, research effort, and information gathered on the geologic sedimentary character of the continental margins of the United States. Data and information from thousands of sources have increased our scientific understanding of the character of the margin surface, but rarely have those data been combined and integrated. Initially, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research at the University of Colorado Boulder, created the usSEABED database to provide surficial sea-floor-characterization data for USGS assessments of marine-based aggregates and for studies of sea-floor habitat. Since then, the USGS has continued to build up the database as a nationwide resource for many uses and applications.

Previously published data derived from the usSEABED database have been released as three USGS data series publications containing data covering the U.S. Atlantic margin, the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean regions, and the Pacific coast. An updated USGS data release unifies the three publications, incorporates additional data and sources including data from Alaska, Hawaii, and U.S. overseas territories, and provides revised output files that fix known errors and add known or inferred sampling dates. This report accompanies the data release and contains information on the methodology and products of the usSEABED database.

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Director, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
384 Woods Hole Road
Quissett Campus
Woods Hole, MA 02543–1598

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"publishedDate":"2020-05-21","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-05-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Buczkowski, Brian J. 0000-0003-2801-6904 bbuczkowski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2801-6904","contributorId":152124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buczkowski","given":"Brian","email":"bbuczkowski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":789311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reid, Jane A. 0000-0003-1771-3894 jareid@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3894","contributorId":2826,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reid","given":"Jane","email":"jareid@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":789312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jenkins, Chris J.","contributorId":14066,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jenkins","given":"Chris","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":789313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70211827,"text":"70211827 - 2020 - Food web controls on mercury fluxes and fate in the Colorado River, Grand Canyon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-07T21:59:17.624094","indexId":"70211827","displayToPublicDate":"2020-05-13T16:52:21","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5010,"text":"Science Advances","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Food web controls on mercury fluxes and fate in the Colorado River, Grand Canyon","docAbstract":"Mercury (Hg) biomagnification in aquatic food webs is a global concern; yet, the ways species traits and interactions mediate these fluxes remain poorly understood. Few pathways dominated Hg flux in the Colorado River despite large spatial differences in food web complexity, and fluxes were mediated by one functional trait, predation resistance. New Zealand mudsnails are predator resistant and a trophic dead end for Hg in food webs we studied. Fishes preferred blackflies, which accounted for 56 to 80% of Hg flux to fishes, even where blackflies were rare. Food web properties, i.e., match/mismatch between insect production and fish consumption, governed amounts of Hg retained in the river versus exported to land. An experimental flood redistributed Hg fluxes in the simplified tailwater food web, but not in complex downstream food webs. Recognizing that species traits, species interactions, and disturbance mediate contaminant exposure can improve risk management of linked aquatic-terrestrial ecosystems.","language":"English","publisher":"AAAS","doi":"10.1126/sciadv.aaz4880","usgsCitation":"Walters, D., Cross, W., Kennedy, T., Baxter, C., Hall, R., and Rosi, E.J., 2020, Food web controls on mercury fluxes and fate in the Colorado River, Grand Canyon: Science Advances, v. 6, no. 20, eaaz4880, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aaz4880.","productDescription":"eaaz4880, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-111739","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":456788,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aaz4880","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436989,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9NBAHFF","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Consumption rates and total mercury concentration of food items and consumers collected at six sites on the Colorado River in the Grand Canyon, USA, 2007-2009"},{"id":377213,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Colorado River, Grand Canyon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.39038085937499,\n 36.712467243386264\n ],\n [\n -112.313232421875,\n 36.60670888641815\n ],\n [\n -112.862548828125,\n 36.518465989675875\n ],\n [\n -113.741455078125,\n 36.36822190085111\n ],\n [\n -114.12597656249999,\n 36.217687122250574\n ],\n [\n -114.32373046875,\n 36.518465989675875\n ],\n [\n -114.949951171875,\n 36.1733569352216\n ],\n [\n -114.840087890625,\n 35.93354064249312\n ],\n [\n -114.554443359375,\n 35.96022296929667\n ],\n [\n -113.97216796875,\n 35.951329861522666\n ],\n [\n -113.291015625,\n 35.55010533588552\n ],\n [\n -113.126220703125,\n 35.951329861522666\n ],\n [\n -112.642822265625,\n 36.11125252076156\n ],\n [\n -111.895751953125,\n 35.782170703266075\n ],\n [\n -111.39038085937499,\n 36.712467243386264\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"6","issue":"20","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walters, David 0000-0002-4237-2158 waltersd@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4237-2158","contributorId":147135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walters","given":"David","email":"waltersd@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":795260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cross, Wyatt F.","contributorId":237773,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cross","given":"Wyatt F.","affiliations":[{"id":47607,"text":"Department of Ecology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":795261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kennedy, Theodore 0000-0003-3477-3629","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3477-3629","contributorId":221741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"Theodore","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":795262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Baxter, Colden V.","contributorId":47334,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baxter","given":"Colden V.","affiliations":[{"id":13656,"text":"Idaho State Univ.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":795263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hall, R. O. Jr.","contributorId":216427,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hall","given":"R. O.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[{"id":39416,"text":"Flathead Lake Biological Station, University of Montana","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":795264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rosi, Emma J.","contributorId":201758,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rosi","given":"Emma","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":36248,"text":"Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":795265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70213352,"text":"70213352 - 2020 - Effects of climate change on plague exposure pathways and resulting disease dynamics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-03T19:40:21.028748","indexId":"70213352","displayToPublicDate":"2020-05-12T12:24:55","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":251,"text":"Final Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":4}},"seriesNumber":"16 RC01-012","title":"Effects of climate change on plague exposure pathways and resulting disease dynamics","docAbstract":"

Introduction and Objectives: Sylvatic plague, a zoonotic flea-borne disease, caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis, is relevant to the Department of Defense (DOD), because prairie dogs and other susceptible rodents are present on military installations in several western states. Arthropod-borne diseases, like plague, are thought to be particularly sensitive to local climate conditions. Expected changes in temperature and humidity over the next several decades will likely increase the geographical expansion of plague outbreaks in wildlife. Through a combination of field and laboratory work, along with data-driven modeling, we evaluated the potential effects of climate change on plague exposure pathways in prairie dogs and associated rodents to provide guidance to DOD partners regarding the potential for future outbreaks. Briefly, our specific objectives were to determine the relation between local climate conditions and the prevalence of plague and other pathogens while assessing the ecological roles of specific rodent hosts and vector species in plague dynamics, evaluate flea intensity on rodent hosts and in burrows in relation to local climate conditions, and develop models to predict the effects of climate change on plague dynamics.


Technical Approach: Using data and samples collected during a large field study on the effectiveness of vaccination to manage plague in prairie dogs, we assessed rodent/flea assemblages, pathogen prevalence in fleas, and determined how local climate conditions influence flea development rates and relative abundance. Live animals (prairie dogs and some small rodents) were trapped to collect fleas and other samples on 46 prairie dog plots in 6 western states, many sites near DOD lands. At seven additional locations on a latitudinal gradient, fleas were collected from burrows several times per year to assess seasonality and effects of local climate conditions on flea abundance. These data were then used to develop predictive models that could be used to test specific hypotheses.


Results: We determined that flea developmental rates, on-host flea abundance, species composition of the flea community, and burrow temperatures varied across a latitudinal gradient. Rodent and flea community composition and abundance differed geographically and were highly specialized. Flea-switching between prairie dogs and short-lived rodents was rare. Flea development rates, on-host flea abundance, and burrow temperatures increased with increasing ambient temperature. Although relative humidity can affect flea development, burrow humidity was uniformly high (~85%) across sampling sites and seasons. A large increase in the number of fleas found on a prairie dog colony, coupled with a greater number of infested burrows, could have substantial effects on plague dynamics in the western United States as the climate warms. In addition to affecting flea load, climate change may also influence body condition of prairie dogs by reducing the amount of forage. This may result in animals being more tolerant of high flea loads (less engaged in grooming behavior) and more vulnerable to disease.

","language":"English","publisher":"Department of Defense","usgsCitation":"Rocke, T.E., Russell, R., Samuel, M., Abbott, R.C., and Poje, J., 2020, Effects of climate change on plague exposure pathways and resulting disease dynamics: Final Report 16 RC01-012, vii, 61 p.","productDescription":"vii, 61 p.","ipdsId":"IP-118526","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":378525,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":378498,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.serdp-estcp.org/Program-Areas/Resource-Conservation-and-Resiliency/Natural-Resources/Species-Ecology-and-Management/RC-2634"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, Montana, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Wyoming","city":"Cedar City","otherGeospatial":"Buffalo Gap National Grassland, Charles M. Russell National Wildlife Refuge, Coyote Basin, Espee Ranch, Lower Brule Sioux tribal lands, Pitchfork Ranch, Rita Blanca National Grassland, Wind Cave National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.51074218749999,\n 34.92197103616377\n ],\n [\n -102.26074218749999,\n 34.92197103616377\n ],\n [\n -102.26074218749999,\n 48.86471476180277\n ],\n [\n -113.51074218749999,\n 48.86471476180277\n ],\n [\n -113.51074218749999,\n 34.92197103616377\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rocke, Tonie E. 0000-0003-3933-1563 trocke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3933-1563","contributorId":2665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rocke","given":"Tonie","email":"trocke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":799082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Russell, Robin E. 0000-0001-8726-7303","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8726-7303","contributorId":219536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Russell","given":"Robin E.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":799083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Samuel, Michael D.","contributorId":206351,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Samuel","given":"Michael D.","affiliations":[{"id":7122,"text":"University of Wisconsin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":799084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Abbott, Rachel C. 0000-0003-4820-9295 rabbott@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4820-9295","contributorId":1183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abbott","given":"Rachel","email":"rabbott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":799085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Poje, Julia","contributorId":248780,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Poje","given":"Julia","affiliations":[{"id":13562,"text":"University of Wisconsin, Madison","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":799086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70211050,"text":"70211050 - 2020 - Introduction to resource allocation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-06T19:09:51.866535","indexId":"70211050","displayToPublicDate":"2020-05-12T08:45:02","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"9","title":"Introduction to resource allocation","docAbstract":"With ongoing habitat loss and degradation, ever-increasing threats to biodiversity, and limited funding for conservation and management, nearly every natural resource manager routinely faces difficult resource allocation problems. Funding and capacity for natural resource management rarely meet the need, and informed resource allocations are increasingly important. These decision problems include not only habitat and species management but also a wide variety of administrative decisions. Ranking projects or plans by benefit-cost ratio is an intuitive, heuristic approach to resource allocation but may be inefficient. We present a general resource allocation framework in which these decision problems can be stated mathematically, making it relatively easy to find solutions using mathematical programming such as linear programming. amenable to Linear programming and other constrained optimization routines, which can be implemented in common software applications and used with a wide variety of decision problems, including project prioritization and portfolio decisions. Constrained optimization has advantages over intuitive benefit-cost ratios and can accommodate single and multiple objective problems. We also introduce the three case studies in this section illustrating a variety of resource allocation problems: the first case study shows how to select cost-effective management actions for discrete management units such as wetlands or grassland patches; the second, how to use a patch dynamics model to allocation allocate resources for a reserve network that protects habitat for multiple species of conservation concern; and the third, how to use stochastic simulation to determine allocation of resources in space and time for invasive species management.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Structured decision making: Case studies in natural resource management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Johns Hopkins University Press","usgsCitation":"Lyons, J., 2020, Introduction to resource allocation, chap. 9 of Structured decision making: Case studies in natural resource management, p. 99-107.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"99","endPage":"107","ipdsId":"IP-107386","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":376295,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":376293,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://jhupbooks.press.jhu.edu/title/structured-decision-making/table-of-contents"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lyons, James E. 0000-0002-9810-8751","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9810-8751","contributorId":228916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyons","given":"James E.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":792602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70210033,"text":"70210033 - 2020 - The future of landslides’ past—A framework for assessing consecutive landsliding systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-09T14:58:06.477298","indexId":"70210033","displayToPublicDate":"2020-05-05T07:25:08","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2604,"text":"Landslides","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The future of landslides’ past—A framework for assessing consecutive landsliding systems","docAbstract":"Landslides often happen where they have already occurred in the past. The potential of landslides to reduce or enhance conditions for further landsliding has long been recognized and has often been reported, but the mechanisms and spatial and temporal scales of these processes have previously received little specific attention. Despite a preponderance of qualitative and anecdotal evidence, there has been limited analysis. As a result, there is little consensus on the meaning of terms such as landslide repetition, recurrence, and reactivation. This source of confusion is evident when such terms are also used to describe systems where landsliding is prevalent but unrelated to landslide history. Recent findings, partly based on a rare multi-temporal landslide inventory for an area in Italy, show that the impacts of earlier landslides affect a substantial fraction of landslides, that landslides following earlier landslides differ from those that do not, and that accounting for the effect of previous landslides can improve susceptibility assessments. These findings await confirmation in other landslide prone landscapes but show that consecutive landsliding deserves more attention, which requires consistent terminology. No such terminology is presently available, and we therefore propose it in this manuscript. We use the term 'uncorrelated landsliding' to describe situations where landslides are common, but where a correlation with environmental variables such as terrain steepness is not implied. We propose 'correlated landsliding' to describe situations where landslides are common and correlations with environmental variables exist, and 'path-dependent landsliding' to describe situations where causal relations exist between consecutive landslides, for instance when landslides occur at the scarp of previous landslides. These are situations where past landslides impact future landslides. Within the path-dependent category, we distinguish three subcategories based on the spatial distance between earlier and later landslides: 'reactivation' or 'continuation' if essentially the same material recommences or continues to slide, 'local activation' if an earlier slide causes changes in a local hillslope that cause a later slide, and 'remote activation' if an earlier slide causes changes elsewhere in the landscape that cause a later landslide. We use this proposed set of terms to outline some prominent knowledge gaps and potential research questions.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10346-020-01405-7","usgsCitation":"Temme, A., Guzzetti, F., Samia, J., and Mirus, B.B., 2020, The future of landslides’ past—A framework for assessing consecutive landsliding systems: Landslides, v. 17, p. 1519-1528, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10346-020-01405-7.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1519","endPage":"1528","ipdsId":"IP-116985","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499875,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/the-future-of-landslides-pasta-framework-for-assessing-consecutiv","text":"External Repository"},{"id":374647,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-05-05","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Temme, A.","contributorId":224639,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Temme","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12661,"text":"Kansas State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":788881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Guzzetti, F.","contributorId":224640,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Guzzetti","given":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":33673,"text":"Italian National Research Council","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":788882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Samia, J.","contributorId":224641,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Samia","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37803,"text":"Wageningen University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":788883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mirus, Benjamin B. 0000-0001-5550-014X bbmirus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5550-014X","contributorId":4064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mirus","given":"Benjamin","email":"bbmirus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":5077,"text":"Northwest Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5061,"text":"National Cooperative Geologic Mapping and Landslide Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":788884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70216406,"text":"70216406 - 2020 - Are environmental DNA methods ready for aquatic invasive species management?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-18T00:06:11.845417","indexId":"70216406","displayToPublicDate":"2020-05-03T18:03:44","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3653,"text":"Trends in Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Are environmental DNA methods ready for aquatic invasive species management?","docAbstract":"Multiple studies have demonstrated environmental (e)DNA detections of rare, invasive species. However, invasive species managers struggle with using eDNA results because detections might not indicate species presence. We evaluated if eDNA methods have matured to a point where they can be widely applied to aquatic invasive species management. We found that eDNA methods meet legal standards for being admissible as evidence in most courts, suggesting that eDNA method reliability is not the problem. Rather, we suggest that the interface between results and management needs attention since there are few tools for integrating uncertainty into decision-making. Solutions include decision support trees based on molecular best practices that integrate the temporal and spatial trends in eDNA positives relative to human risk tolerance.","language":"English","publisher":"Cell Press","doi":"10.1016/j.tree.2020.03.011","usgsCitation":"Sepulveda, A.J., Nelson, N.M., Jerde, C.L., and Luikart, G., 2020, Are environmental DNA methods ready for aquatic invasive species management?: Trends in Ecology and Evolution, v. 35, no. 8, p. 668-678, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2020.03.011.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"668","endPage":"678","ipdsId":"IP-112302","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":456862,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2020.03.011","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":380566,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sepulveda, Adam J. 0000-0001-7621-7028 asepulveda@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7621-7028","contributorId":150628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sepulveda","given":"Adam","email":"asepulveda@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":804934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nelson, Nanette M 0000-0002-1050-4988","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1050-4988","contributorId":244913,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nelson","given":"Nanette","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":36523,"text":"University of Montana","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":804936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jerde, Christopher L. 0000-0002-8074-3466","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8074-3466","contributorId":210301,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jerde","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":16936,"text":"University of California Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":804935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Luikart, Gordon","contributorId":124531,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Luikart","given":"Gordon","affiliations":[{"id":5091,"text":"Flathead Lake Biological Station, Fish and Wildlife Genomics Group, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Polson, MT 59860, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":804937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70210435,"text":"70210435 - 2020 - Mast seeding patterns are asynchronous at a continental scale","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-03T12:50:33.702317","indexId":"70210435","displayToPublicDate":"2020-04-27T07:44:19","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5201,"text":"Nature Plants","onlineIssn":"2055-0278","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mast seeding patterns are asynchronous at a continental scale","docAbstract":"Resource pulses are short duration, high magnitude, rare events that drive the dynamics of both plant and animal populations and communities1. Mast seeding is perhaps the most common type of resource pulse occurring in terrestrial ecosystems2, is characterized by the synchronous and highly variable production of seed crops by a population of perennial plants3,4, and is widespread both taxonomically and geographically5. The rare production of abundant seed crops (‘mast events’) that are orders of magnitude higher than in low seed years lead to high reproductive success in seed consumers, and has cascading impacts in ecosystems2,6. While it is suggested that mast seeding is synchronized at continental scales7, studies are largely constrained to local areas covering 10-100’s of kilometers. Furthermore, summer temperature, which acts as a cue in mast seeding8, shows patterns at continental scales manifested as a juxtaposition of positive and negative anomalies that have been linked to irruptive movements of boreal seed eating birds9. Here we show a breakdown in synchrony of mast seeding patterns across space, leading to asynchrony at a continental scale. We found in an analysis of synchrony for a transcontinental North America tree species spanning distances >5,200 km that mast seeding patterns were significantly asynchronous at distances >2,000 km apart. Other studies have shown declines in synchrony across distance, but not asynchrony. Spatio-temporal variation in summer temperatures at the continental scale drives patterns of synchrony in mast seeding, and we anticipate this impacts the spatial dynamics of numerous seed-eating communities, from insects to small mammals to the large-scale migration patterns of boreal seed eating birds.","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/s41477-020-0647-x","usgsCitation":"LaMontagne, J.M., Pearse, I., Greene, D.A., and Koenig, W., 2020, Mast seeding patterns are asynchronous at a continental scale: Nature Plants, v. 6, p. 460-465, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41477-020-0647-x.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"460","endPage":"465","ipdsId":"IP-115888","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":375306,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-04-27","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"LaMontagne, J. M.","contributorId":225095,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"LaMontagne","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":36623,"text":"DePaul University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":790287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pearse, Ian S. 0000-0001-7098-0495","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7098-0495","contributorId":211154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearse","given":"Ian","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":790288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Greene, David A.","contributorId":223597,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Greene","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":790289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Koenig, W. D.","contributorId":225096,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koenig","given":"W. D.","affiliations":[{"id":36682,"text":"Cornell Lab of Ornithology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":790290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70210103,"text":"70210103 - 2020 - Lessons from a post-eruption landscape","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-14T13:40:09.711684","indexId":"70210103","displayToPublicDate":"2020-04-24T08:35:52","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3879,"text":"Eos, Earth and Space Science News","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lessons from a post-eruption landscape","docAbstract":"From March to May 1980, magma rose high into Mount St. Helens (MSH), swelling and—as it turned out—destabilizing its north flank. Scientists knew the volcano had been highly active at times over the past 40,000 years, but the mountain, located amid the Cascade Range in southwestern Washington, had been mostly quiet since the mid-19th century. The collapse of the north flank on 18 May shattered that quiet, triggering a cascade of events that left resounding impressions not only on those who witnessed and studied them but also on the surrounding landscape [Lipman and Mullineaux, 1981; Waitt, 2015]. \n\nThe eruption of MSH also provided unparalleled opportunities for advancing several disciplines [e.g., Shore et al., 1986; Newhall, 2000; Franklin and MacMahon, 2000]. Although not as conspicuously as in volcanology, the eruption and its aftermath led to an intensification of research investigating biophysical impacts of eruptions and subsequent responses [e.g., Dale et al., 2005; Pierson and Major, 2014; Crisafulli and Dale, 2018]. Long-term research on the biophysical responses at MSH has provided important new insights, challenged long-standing ideas, and provided many societal benefits. \n\nThe fortieth anniversary of the eruption this year offers a timely opportunity to reflect on these insights and influences. This long-term vantage is important because sustained, place-based studies following landscape disturbances are rare; because the MSH eruption spurred the greatest depth and breadth of multidisciplinary studies of biophysical responses to landscape disturbance; and because these responses created some of the most significant societal challenges to emerge after the eruption. We summarize key biophysical disturbances and responses, highlight salient insights, and suggest actions that can extend the usefulness of these insights to volcanically vulnerable communities worldwide.","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2020EO143198","collaboration":"","usgsCitation":"Major, J.J., Crisafulli, C.M., and Swanson, F., 2020, Lessons from a post-eruption landscape: Eos, Earth and Space Science News, v. 101, no. 5, p. 34-40, https://doi.org/10.1029/2020EO143198.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"34","endPage":"40","ipdsId":"IP-117219","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":456960,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2020eo143198","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":374814,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Mount St. Helens","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.310791015625,\n 46.131315015646564\n ],\n [\n -122.06634521484374,\n 46.131315015646564\n ],\n [\n -122.06634521484374,\n 46.31089291474789\n ],\n [\n -122.310791015625,\n 46.31089291474789\n ],\n [\n -122.310791015625,\n 46.131315015646564\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"101","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Major, Jon J. 0000-0003-2449-4466 jjmajor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2449-4466","contributorId":439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Major","given":"Jon","email":"jjmajor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":789122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Crisafulli, Charles M.","contributorId":224691,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crisafulli","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":36400,"text":"US Forest Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":789123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Swanson, Frederick J.","contributorId":224692,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Swanson","given":"Frederick J.","affiliations":[{"id":36400,"text":"US Forest Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":789124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70228644,"text":"70228644 - 2020 - Preliminary investigation of the critically imperiled Caney Mountain cave crayfish Orconectes stygocaneyi Hobbs III, 2001 (Decapoda: Cambaridae) in Missouri, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-16T20:51:34.474746","indexId":"70228644","displayToPublicDate":"2020-04-17T14:43:19","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5290,"text":"Freshwater Crayfish","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Preliminary investigation of the critically imperiled Caney Mountain cave crayfish Orconectes stygocaneyi Hobbs III, 2001 (Decapoda: Cambaridae) in Missouri, USA","title":"Preliminary investigation of the critically imperiled Caney Mountain cave crayfish Orconectes stygocaneyi Hobbs III, 2001 (Decapoda: Cambaridae) in Missouri, USA","docAbstract":"

The Caney Mountain cave crayfish (Orconectes stygocaneyi) is one of North America's rarest crayfish, endemic to one cave in southern Missouri, USA. The species is listed as 'critically imperiled' by Missouri, and 'threatened' by the American Fisheries Society. Previously, only 15 crayfish have been observed in Mud Cave, and only two have been collected (for original species description). We aimed to collect the first natural history data on the species and search adjacent caves and springs for additional populations. Twelve visual searches and supplemental trapping over four years, in all seasons, yielded 69 O. stygocaneyi (including 11 young-of-year) observations and capture of 22 crayfish, including one ovigerous female. Visual searches of nearby caves and springs yielded no O. stygocaneyi records. However, multiple surveys of those caves and springs, using environmental DNA detected the species in one additional cave adjacent to Mud Cave, but only during spring high flow events when the caves may be ephemerally connected. Orconectes stygocaneyi's distribution is among the most restricted of any North American crayfish, and further evaluation of its conservation status designations might be warranted. Long term conservation of O. stygocaneyi would benefit from management practices promoting sustained, unimpacted surface runoff within Mud Cave's recharge area.

","language":"English","publisher":"International Association of Astacology","doi":"10.5869/fc.2020.v25-1.047","usgsCitation":"DiStefano, R., Ashley, D., Brewer, S.K., Mouser, J., and Neimiller, M., 2020, Preliminary investigation of the critically imperiled Caney Mountain cave crayfish Orconectes stygocaneyi Hobbs III, 2001 (Decapoda: Cambaridae) in Missouri, USA: Freshwater Crayfish, v. 25, no. 1, p. 47-57, https://doi.org/10.5869/fc.2020.v25-1.047.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"47","endPage":"57","ipdsId":"IP-113351","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":396037,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","otherGeospatial":"Mud Lake","volume":"25","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-04-15","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DiStefano, Robert J.","contributorId":213268,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"DiStefano","given":"Robert J.","affiliations":[{"id":16971,"text":"Missouri Department of Conservation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ashley, D.C.","contributorId":244487,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ashley","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48915,"text":"Missouri Western State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brewer, Shannon K. 0000-0002-1537-3921 skbrewer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1537-3921","contributorId":2252,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brewer","given":"Shannon","email":"skbrewer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":834915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mouser, J.B.","contributorId":244447,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mouser","given":"J.B.","affiliations":[{"id":7249,"text":"Oklahoma State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Neimiller, M.","contributorId":279385,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Neimiller","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36730,"text":"University of Alabama","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70209476,"text":"70209476 - 2020 - Sea-level rise exponentially increases coastal flood frequency","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-03T00:37:25.280853","indexId":"70209476","displayToPublicDate":"2020-04-16T19:34:12","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3358,"text":"Scientific Reports","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sea-level rise exponentially increases coastal flood frequency","docAbstract":"

Sea-level rise will radically redefine the coastline of the 21st century. For many coastal regions, projections of global sea-level rise by the year 2100 (e.g., 0.5–2 meters) are comparable in magnitude to today’s extreme but short-lived increases in water level due to storms. Thus, the 21st century will see significant changes to coastal flooding regimes (where present-day, extreme-but-rare events become common), which poses a major risk to the safety and sustainability of coastal communities worldwide. So far, estimates of future coastal flooding frequency focus on endpoint scenarios, such as the increase in flooding by 2050 or 2100. Here, we investigate the continuous shift in coastal flooding regimes by quantifying continuous rates of increase in the occurrence of extreme water-level events due to sea-level rise. We find that the odds of exceeding critical water-level thresholds increases exponentially with sea-level rise, meaning that fixed amounts of sea-level rise of only ~1–10 cm in areas with a narrow range of present-day extreme water levels can double the odds of flooding. Combining these growth rates with established sea-level rise projections, we find that the odds of extreme flooding double approximately every 5 years into the future. Further, we find that the present-day 50-year extreme water level (i.e., 2% annual chance of exceedance, based on historical records) will be exceeded annually before 2050 for most (i.e., 70%) of the coastal regions in the United States. Looking even farther into the future, the present-day 50-year extreme water level will be exceeded almost every day during peak tide (i.e., daily mean higher high water) before the end of the 21st century for 90% of the U.S. coast. Our findings underscore the need for immediate planning and adaptation to mitigate the societal impacts of future flooding.


","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/s41598-020-62188-4","usgsCitation":"Taherkhani, M., Vitousek, S., Barnard, P., Frazer, L.N., Anderson, T., and Fletcher, C., 2020, Sea-level rise exponentially increases coastal flood frequency: Scientific Reports, v. 10, 6466, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-62188-4.","productDescription":"6466, 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-105859","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":457056,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-62188-4","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":375284,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-04-16","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Taherkhani, Mohsen","contributorId":223951,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Taherkhani","given":"Mohsen","affiliations":[{"id":18137,"text":"University of Illinois at Chicago","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":786689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vitousek, Sean 0000-0002-3369-4673 svitousek@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3369-4673","contributorId":149065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vitousek","given":"Sean","email":"svitousek@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":786690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barnard, Patrick L. 0000-0003-1414-6476 pbarnard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1414-6476","contributorId":147147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnard","given":"Patrick L.","email":"pbarnard@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":786691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Frazer, L Neil 0000-0001-9085-8470","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9085-8470","contributorId":223952,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Frazer","given":"L","email":"","middleInitial":"Neil","affiliations":[{"id":36402,"text":"University of Hawaii","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":786692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Anderson, Tiffany","contributorId":223953,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"Tiffany","affiliations":[{"id":36402,"text":"University of Hawaii","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":786693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Fletcher, Charles 0000-0002-7256-4783","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7256-4783","contributorId":223954,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fletcher","given":"Charles","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36402,"text":"University of Hawaii","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":786694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70217316,"text":"70217316 - 2020 - Dietary patterns in black abalone (Haliotis cracherodii Leach, 1814) as indicated by observation of drift algal and seagrass capture at San Nicolas Island, California USA, 1982‒2019","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-18T13:31:49.481694","indexId":"70217316","displayToPublicDate":"2020-04-14T07:29:46","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2455,"text":"Journal of Shellfish Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dietary patterns in black abalone (Haliotis cracherodii Leach, 1814) as indicated by observation of drift algal and seagrass capture at San Nicolas Island, California USA, 1982‒2019","docAbstract":"

Black abalone Haliotis cracherodii Leach, 1814 are known to feed on drift plant macrodetritus moved about in the intertidal zone by waves and currents. Drift capture is a trait shared by at least several other abalone species. Drift materials are entrapped beneath the anterior foot and held for ingestion. The quantitative significance of feeding on entrapped drift macrodetritus for black abalone is unknown. Furthermore, there are no published data on the extent to which local and mesoscale spatial distributions of source plant populations influence the composition of drift plant material in black abalone diet as acquired by entrapment. From February 1982 through March 2019, occurrences of macrodetrital entrapment by black abalone were observed in nine rocky intertidal study plots, with a summed surface area of 2,054 m2, on the periphery of San Nicolas Island (SNI), California (Island centroid at ∼33.25°, –119.50°). A small preliminary survey and 27 complete surveys were performed during the study period (mean of ∼1.4 y between complete surveys). During the study, more than 1.5 × 105 black abalone were examined. The total likely included repeated observations of many individuals as a result of the known longevity and limited mobility of the species. Of those observed, ∼1.65 × 103 black abalone were recorded as apparently ingesting entrapped items. Frequency data were dominated (∼95% of all records) by three species of kelp Macrocystis pyrifera (Linnaeus) C. Agardh; commonly known as “giant kelp”, Egregia menziesii (Turner), and Eisenia arborea Areschoug. Of those, giant kelp was the most frequently observed entrapped category (∼76%). Living, attached giant kelp is rarely observed in intertidal habitats at SNI, and it follows that utilization of giant kelp by black abalone requires physical importation of the kelp from other locations. Frequencies of occurrence of giant kelp entrapment by individual study site were clearly associated with the relative surface canopy sizes and persistence patterns of offshore kelp forests adjacent (≤2 km) to the respective study sites. The pattern suggests that subsidies of drift giant kelp to black abalone diet involve mesoscale physical processes largely proximate to SNI but probably not subsidies from more distant locations such as other islands or the California mainland. Utilization of other frequently recorded kelps as food by black abalone likely involves spatial subsidies as well, but on smaller scales of distance (∼10–100 m for E. arborea; ∼0–100 m for E. menziesii). In the context of the imperiled status of black abalone, recovery actions may include outplants of captive-reared animals or transplantation of wild animals from other populations. For such actions, data from SNI suggest a need for consideration of scales of separation among release locations and nearby populations of the three apparently predominant kelp species in black abalone diet.

","language":"English","publisher":"National Shellfisheries Association","doi":"10.2983/035.039.0111","usgsCitation":"Kenner, M.C., and Van Blaricom, G., 2020, Dietary patterns in black abalone (Haliotis cracherodii Leach, 1814) as indicated by observation of drift algal and seagrass capture at San Nicolas Island, California USA, 1982‒2019: Journal of Shellfish Research, v. 39, no. 1, p. 113-124, https://doi.org/10.2983/035.039.0111.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"113","endPage":"124","ipdsId":"IP-114692","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":437024,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9GVHC4Z","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Feeding observations of intertidal black abalone at monitored sites around San Nicolas Island, California and local distribution of Macrocystis pyrifera based on surface canopy maps"},{"id":382250,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Nicolas Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.63012695312499,\n 33.18468605833171\n ],\n [\n -119.39048767089844,\n 33.18468605833171\n ],\n [\n -119.39048767089844,\n 33.32249604487461\n ],\n [\n -119.63012695312499,\n 33.32249604487461\n ],\n [\n -119.63012695312499,\n 33.18468605833171\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"39","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kenner, Michael C. 0000-0003-4659-461X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4659-461X","contributorId":208151,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kenner","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":808331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Van Blaricom, Glenn","contributorId":247778,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Van Blaricom","given":"Glenn","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37814,"text":"Former USGS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":808332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70219427,"text":"70219427 - 2020 - Monazite and cassiterite Usingle bondPb dating of the Abu Dabbab rare-metal granite, Egypt: Late Cryogenian metalliferous granite magmatism in the Arabian-Nubian Shield","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-05T13:13:10.95373","indexId":"70219427","displayToPublicDate":"2020-04-13T08:11:11","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1848,"text":"Gondwana Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Monazite and cassiterite Usingle bondPb dating of the Abu Dabbab rare-metal granite, Egypt: Late Cryogenian metalliferous granite magmatism in the Arabian-Nubian Shield","docAbstract":"

The Abu Dabbab rare-metal granite in the Eastern Desert of Egypt is a highly-evolved alkali-feldspar granite with transitional magmatic-hydrothermal features. Extreme geochemical fractionation and the associated significant Ta\"singleSn resource make the Abu Dabbab intrusion an important feature in the metallogenic evolution of the Arabian-Nubian Shield. U\"singlePb dating by laser ablation sector field (SF)-ICPMS analysis of igneous monazite yields a Concordia age of 644.7 ± 2.3 Ma, identical within uncertainty to a lower intercept Tera-Wasserburg isochron age of 644.2 ± 2.3 Ma obtained from hydrothermal cassiterite. Both ages place tight constraints on the timing of magmatic-hydrothermal processes in the Abu Dabbab granite which represents the oldest highly-evolved granite recognized so far in the Pan-African Arabian-Nubian Shield. Thus, the new ages also date the start of a period of late-orogenic metalliferous granite magmatism, when the basement of the Eastern Desert underwent a geodynamic transition from a compressive subduction-collision regime towards orogenic collapse in the late Cryogenian.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gr.2020.03.001","usgsCitation":"Lehmann, B., Zoheir, B., Neymark, L., Zeh, A., Emam, A., Radwan, A., Zhang, R., and Moscati, R.J., 2020, Monazite and cassiterite Usingle bondPb dating of the Abu Dabbab rare-metal granite, Egypt: Late Cryogenian metalliferous granite magmatism in the Arabian-Nubian Shield: Gondwana Research, v. 84, p. 71-80, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2020.03.001.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"71","endPage":"80","ipdsId":"IP-116877","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":437025,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9JGODO2","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"U-Pb data for: Monazite and cassiterite U-Pb dating of the Abu Dabbab rare-metal granite, Egypt: Late Cryogenian metalliferous granite magmatism in the Arabian-Nubian 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for nesting during the summer months and foraging throughout the year (Figure 1). \n- Loggerhead turtles, named for their large, block-shaped heads with strong jaw muscles for crushing benthic invertebrates, are the most common sea turtle species on Florida’s nesting beaches. They nest on beaches throughout much of the state. \n- Green turtles are unique among sea turtles in that they are largely vegetarian, and can be spotted foraging in seagrass meadows.\n- Leatherbacks, the largest species of sea turtle, are different from other turtles in that they are covered with a somewhat flexible “leathery” shell, rather than a hard shell. Leatherbacks can be seen in Florida’s coastal waters, but nest much less frequently in the state than loggerheads and green turtles. \n- Kemp’s ridley turtles are the smallest and most endangered marine turtle. They can be seen foraging in nearshore areas, but rarely nest on Florida’s beaches. \n- Lastly, hawksbill turtles are named for their pointed beak. They are mostly tropical but occasionally appear in the southernmost waters of Florida and very rarely nest in the state.","language":"English","publisher":"University of Florida","collaboration":"University of Florida","usgsCitation":"Swindall, J.E., Ober, H.K., Lamont, M., and Carthy, R.R., 2020, Sea turtle conservation: 10 ways you can help: EDIS, v. 2020, no. 2, 4 p.","productDescription":"4 p.","ipdsId":"IP-117352","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":373789,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":373888,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/uw466"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","volume":"2020","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Swindall, Jessica E.","contributorId":219304,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Swindall","given":"Jessica","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":36221,"text":"University of Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":786423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ober, Holly K.","contributorId":219305,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ober","given":"Holly","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":36221,"text":"University of Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":786424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lamont, Margaret 0000-0001-7520-6669","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7520-6669","contributorId":206817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lamont","given":"Margaret","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":786425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Carthy, Raymond R. 0000-0001-8978-5083","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8978-5083","contributorId":223853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carthy","given":"Raymond","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":786426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70224951,"text":"70224951 - 2020 - Using ultrasonic acoustics to detect cryptic flying squirrels: Effects of season and habitat suitability","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-11T16:33:51.598504","indexId":"70224951","displayToPublicDate":"2020-04-02T11:29:34","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using ultrasonic acoustics to detect cryptic flying squirrels: Effects of season and habitat suitability","docAbstract":"

New technologies allow for more efficient and effective monitoring of rare or elusive species. However, standardizing protocol to ensure high detection rates is important prior to widespread use of a new technique. The use of ultrasonic acoustic detectors to survey for flying squirrels (Glaucomys spp.) is a novel method that is more efficient than traditional methods. However, certain methodologies for this technique still need to be refined. During 2015, we conducted a seasonal and habitat quality study on the endangered Carolina northern flying squirrel (G. sabrinus coloratus) in western North Carolina, USA. Our seasonal study examined differences in probability of detection (POD) and latency to detection (LTD) at 30 high-quality sites across 10 survey nights in spring, summer, and autumn. The habitat quality study focused on POD and LTD among 15 sites with varying habitat quality (5 High, 5 Medium, 5 Low) across 20 survey nights. We found POD similar between seasons, with POD 15–20% greater during spring. The LTD was comparable among seasons. We found that POD and LTD varied at sites with different habitat quality. The POD was similar between High and Medium sites (0.26 ± 0.04 SE and 0.29 ± 0.05, respectively), but greater than Low sites (0.02 ± 0.02). The LTD was not different among sites with differing habitat quality, although LTD at High sites was 2.7 and 4.5 times lower than Medium and Low sites, respectively. Trill calls, the most distinctive species-specific call type produced by species of flying squirrels, was recorded at greater rates in spring versus other times of the year. Our results indicate flying squirrels can be surveyed during any season, although habitat quality needs to be considered when determining survey length. For Carolina northern flying squirrel, the optimal time to perform acoustic surveys is during the spring season for 6–10 survey nights at sites with high or medium habitat quality. 

","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/wsb.1083","usgsCitation":"Diggins, C.A., Gilley, L.M., Kelly, C.A., and Ford, W., 2020, Using ultrasonic acoustics to detect cryptic flying squirrels: Effects of season and habitat suitability: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 44, no. 2, p. 300-308, https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.1083.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"300","endPage":"308","ipdsId":"IP-105755","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":457169,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/98682","text":"External Repository"},{"id":390395,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.87811279296875,\n 35.252348097623354\n ],\n [\n -82.69683837890625,\n 35.40696093270201\n ],\n [\n -82.1942138671875,\n 35.66622234103479\n ],\n [\n -81.87286376953124,\n 36.219902972702606\n ],\n [\n -81.9305419921875,\n 36.357163062654365\n ],\n [\n -82.177734375,\n 36.37264499608118\n ],\n [\n -83.02642822265625,\n 35.92909271208457\n ],\n [\n -83.74603271484375,\n 35.68184060244453\n ],\n [\n -83.9630126953125,\n 35.639441068973944\n ],\n [\n -84.04541015625,\n 35.507635947037855\n ],\n [\n -82.94952392578125,\n 35.191766965947394\n ],\n [\n -82.87811279296875,\n 35.252348097623354\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"44","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-04-02","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Diggins, Corinne A.","contributorId":171667,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Diggins","given":"Corinne","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":33131,"text":"Dept of Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Virginia Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":824817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gilley, L. Michelle","contributorId":171670,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gilley","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"Michelle","affiliations":[{"id":35652,"text":"Mars Hill University, Mars Hill, NC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":824818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kelly, Christine A.","contributorId":171661,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kelly","given":"Christine","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":35598,"text":"North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission ","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":824819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ford, W. Mark 0000-0002-9611-594X wford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9611-594X","contributorId":172499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ford","given":"W. Mark","email":"wford@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":824816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70228481,"text":"70228481 - 2020 - Can genetic assignment tests provide insight on the influence of captive egression on epizootiology of chronic wasting disease?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-11T19:21:28.963805","indexId":"70228481","displayToPublicDate":"2020-04-01T13:15:23","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1601,"text":"Evolutionary Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Can genetic assignment tests provide insight on the influence of captive egression on epizootiology of chronic wasting disease?","docAbstract":"

Identifying the sources of ongoing and novel disease outbreaks is critical for understanding the diffusion of epizootic diseases. Identifying infection sources is difficult when few physical differences separate individuals with different origins. Genetic assignment procedures show great promise for assessing transmission dynamics in such situations. Here, we use genetic assignment tests to determine the source of chronic wasting disease infections in free-ranging white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) populations. Natural dispersal is thought to facilitate the geographic diffusion of chronic wasting disease, but egression from captive cervid populations represents an alternative source of infection that is difficult to detect due to physical similarities with wild deer. Simulated reference populations were created based on allele frequencies from 1,912 empirical microsatellite genotypes collected in four sampling subregions and five captive facilities. These reference populations were used to assess the likelihood of ancestry and assignment of 1,861 free-ranging deer (1,834 noninfected and 27 infected) and 51 captive individuals to captive or wild populations. The ancestry (Q) and assignment scores (A) for free-ranging deer to wild populations were high (average Qwild = 0.913 and average Awild = 0.951, respectively), but varied among subregions (Qwild = 0.800–0.947, Awild = 0.857–0.976). These findings suggest that captive egression and admixture are rare, but risk may not be spatially uniform. Ancestry and assignment scores for two free-ranging deer with chronic wasting disease sampled in an area where chronic wasting disease was previously unobserved in free-ranging herds indicated a higher likelihood of assignment and proportion of ancestry attributable to captive populations. While we cannot directly assign these individuals to infected facilities, these findings suggest that rare egression events may influence the epizootiology of chronic wasting disease in free-ranging populations. Continued disease surveillance and genetic analyses may further elucidate the relative disease risk attributable to captive and wild sources.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/eva.12895","usgsCitation":"Miller, W.L., and Walter, W., 2020, Can genetic assignment tests provide insight on the influence of captive egression on epizootiology of chronic wasting disease?: Evolutionary Applications, v. 13, no. 4, p. 715-726, https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12895.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"715","endPage":"726","ipdsId":"IP-111530","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":457178,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12895","text":"External Repository"},{"id":395859,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78.870849609375,\n 38.77978137804918\n ],\n [\n -77.080078125,\n 38.8824811975508\n ],\n [\n -76.3330078125,\n 39.73253798438173\n ],\n [\n -76.32202148437499,\n 41.40153558289846\n ],\n [\n -79.925537109375,\n 41.30257109430557\n ],\n [\n -78.870849609375,\n 38.77978137804918\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"13","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-12-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, William L.","contributorId":200356,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":834407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Walter, W. David 0000-0003-3068-1073","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3068-1073","contributorId":219540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walter","given":"W. David","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":834406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}