{"pageNumber":"3200","pageRowStart":"79975","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184898,"records":[{"id":25867,"text":"wri994231 - 2000 - Water quality of the Quaternary and Ada-Vamoosa aquifers on the Osage Reservation, Osage County, Oklahoma, 1997","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:31","indexId":"wri994231","displayToPublicDate":"2001-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-4231","title":"Water quality of the Quaternary and Ada-Vamoosa aquifers on the Osage Reservation, Osage County, Oklahoma, 1997","docAbstract":"The project was to provide information on the quality of ground water from rural-domestic-water wells within the Osage Reservation and compare the water-quality to proximity to oil wells. About 38,500 oil wells have been drilled in the Reservation since drilling began in 1896. About 1,480 square miles or 64 percent of the Reservation is within a quarter mile of an oil well. The unconfined Quaternary sand aquifer covers about 315 square miles or about 14 percent of the Reservation and the confined Ada-Vamoosa sandstone aquifer covers about 800 square miles or about 35 percent of the Reservation. Fifty-eight percent of the Quaternary aquifer and 69 percent of the outcrop area of the Ada-Vamoosa aquifer are within a quarter mile of an oil well\r\n. One hundred twenty domestic ground-water wells were sampled from the Quaternary and Ada-Vamoosa aquifers. Forty-nine percent of the Reservation is underlain by the aquifers. Ground-water quality is good on most of the Reservation, but the use of domestic water-supply wells tend to minimize water-quality problems. Existing water-supply wells commonly are located in areas that produce usable volumes of potable water.\r\n\r\nSeveral constituents in samples from the Ada-Vamoosa-aquifer within a quarter mile of an oil well were significantly greater than from the aquifer not near oil wells. The constituents include specific conductance, dissolved solids, sodium, sulfate, chloride, bromide, and silica. These ions are probably derived from brine water. In the Ada-Vamoosa aquifer subgroups, 57 percent of the samples near oil wells and 24 percent of the samples not near oil wells had dissolved-solids concentrations greater than 500 milligrams per liter.\r\n\r\nThe water quality in the Quaternary and Ada-Vamoosa aquifers is similar in areas where no oil wells have been drilled but is significantly different for several constituents. Median concentrations of major constituents from the Ada-Vamoosa aquifer not near oil wells were less than or equal to values from the Quaternary aquifer. Sixty-four percent of the water-quality samples from the Quaternary and 51 percent from the Ada-Vamoosa aquifers have dissolved-solids concentrations less than the secondary drinking water regulations of 500 milligrams per liter. Fifty-nine percent of the aquifer samples in the Quaternary aquifer subgroups not near oil wells and 70 percent of the samples near oil wells had dissolved solids less than 500 milligrams per liter.\r\n\r\nAreas in the Ada-Vamoosa aquifer near Hominy, Pershing, and Hula Lake have dissolved-solids concentrations greater than the secondary drinking water regulations. Water-quality samples from the Quaternary aquifer in these areas also have dissolved-solids concentrations greater than 500 milligrams per liter.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri994231","usgsCitation":"Abbott, M.M., 2000, Water quality of the Quaternary and Ada-Vamoosa aquifers on the Osage Reservation, Osage County, Oklahoma, 1997: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4231, v, 76 p.(some folded) :ill., maps; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994231.","productDescription":"v, 76 p.(some folded) :ill., maps; 28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":2082,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri994231/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":158088,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e478ee4b07f02db489e11","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Abbott, Marvin M.","contributorId":89106,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abbott","given":"Marvin","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":24772,"text":"ofr99274 - 2000 - Concentrations of nutrients and sediment from two sites in the Spring Creek basin, Benton County, Washington, 1997-98","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:11","indexId":"ofr99274","displayToPublicDate":"2001-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-274","title":"Concentrations of nutrients and sediment from two sites in the Spring Creek basin, Benton County, Washington, 1997-98","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nInformation Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr99274","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Wagner, R.J., 2000, Concentrations of nutrients and sediment from two sites in the Spring Creek basin, Benton County, Washington, 1997-98: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-274, iii, 13 p. :map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99274.","productDescription":"iii, 13 p. :map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":156360,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0274/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53796,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0274/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4ccd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wagner, Richard J. rjwagner@usgs.gov","contributorId":3122,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"Richard","email":"rjwagner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":192537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":39880,"text":"fs00400 - 2000 - The National Flood-Frequency Program -- Methods for Estimating Flood Magnitude and Frequency in Rural Areas in Hawaii, Island of Oahu, 2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:18","indexId":"fs00400","displayToPublicDate":"2001-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"004-00","title":"The National Flood-Frequency Program -- Methods for Estimating Flood Magnitude and Frequency in Rural Areas in Hawaii, Island of Oahu, 2000","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/fs00400","usgsCitation":"Mason, Fuste, L.A., King, J.N., and Thomas, W.O., 2000, The National Flood-Frequency Program -- Methods for Estimating Flood Magnitude and Frequency in Rural Areas in Hawaii, Island of Oahu, 2000: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 004-00, NA, https://doi.org/10.3133/fs00400.","productDescription":"NA","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":122809,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_004_00.bmp"},{"id":3591,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/FS/fs-004-00/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67b0aa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mason, Jr. 0000-0002-3998-3468 rrmason@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3998-3468","contributorId":2090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mason","suffix":"Jr.","email":"rrmason@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":509,"text":"Office of the Associate Director for Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":222496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fuste, Luis A.","contributorId":53366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuste","given":"Luis","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"King, Jeffrey N. jking@usgs.gov","contributorId":10783,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jking@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thomas, Wilbert O. Jr.","contributorId":35300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"Wilbert","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":22039,"text":"ofr00102 - 2000 - Preliminary interpretation of seasonal movement of the Slumgullion landslide as determined from GPS observations, July 1998-July 1999","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-16T18:27:22.007778","indexId":"ofr00102","displayToPublicDate":"2001-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-102","title":"Preliminary interpretation of seasonal movement of the Slumgullion landslide as determined from GPS observations, July 1998-July 1999","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr00102","usgsCitation":"Coe, J.A., Godt, J., Ellis, W., Savage, W.Z., Savage, J.E., Powers, P.S., Varnes, D.J., and Tachker, P., 2000, Preliminary interpretation of seasonal movement of the Slumgullion landslide as determined from GPS observations, July 1998-July 1999: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-102, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr00102.","productDescription":"26 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":414297,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_23467.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":51500,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0102/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":153830,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0102/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":8116,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/ofr-00-0102/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Slumgullion landslide","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -107.333,\n              38.033\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.333,\n              37.967\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.206,\n              37.967\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.206,\n              38.033\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.333,\n              38.033\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abce4b07f02db67325e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coe, J. A.","contributorId":8867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coe","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Godt, J. W.","contributorId":76732,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Godt","given":"J. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ellis, W. L.","contributorId":40210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellis","given":"W. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Savage, W. Z.","contributorId":106481,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savage","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Savage, J. E.","contributorId":37365,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savage","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Powers, P. S.","contributorId":37754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powers","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Varnes, D. J.","contributorId":85201,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Varnes","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Tachker, P.","contributorId":85986,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tachker","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":21679,"text":"ofr00103 - 2000 - Coal recoverability in the Hilight quadrangle, Powder River basin, Wyoming: A prototype study in a western coal field","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-21T19:40:40.641874","indexId":"ofr00103","displayToPublicDate":"2001-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-103","title":"Coal recoverability in the Hilight quadrangle, Powder River basin, Wyoming: A prototype study in a western coal field","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr00103","issn":"0566-8174","usgsCitation":"Osmonson, L.M., Rohrbacher, T.J., Molnia, C.L., and Sullivan, G.L., 2000, Coal recoverability in the Hilight quadrangle, Powder River basin, Wyoming: A prototype study in a western coal field: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-103, iv, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr00103.","productDescription":"iv, 23 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":51223,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0103/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":8117,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/ofr-00-103/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":391106,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_23443.htm"},{"id":155336,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0103/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Powder River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -105.375,\n              43.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.25,\n              43.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.25,\n              43.875\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.375,\n              43.875\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.375,\n              43.75\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abae4b07f02db671f00","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Osmonson, Lee M.","contributorId":33322,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Osmonson","given":"Lee","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6676,"text":"USGS (retired)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":185232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rohrbacher, Timothy J.","contributorId":20355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rohrbacher","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Molnia, Carol L.","contributorId":62238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Molnia","given":"Carol","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sullivan, Gerald L.","contributorId":42993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sullivan","given":"Gerald","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":21561,"text":"ofr0037 - 2000 - Abrupt physical and chemical changes during 1992-1999, Anderson Springs, SE Geyser Geothermal Field, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-07T13:31:03","indexId":"ofr0037","displayToPublicDate":"2001-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-37","title":"Abrupt physical and chemical changes during 1992-1999, Anderson Springs, SE Geyser Geothermal Field, California","docAbstract":"<p>The Anderson Springs area is located about 90 miles (145 kilometers) north of San Francisco, California, in the southwestern part of Lake County. The area was first developed in the late 1800s as a health resort, which was active until the 1930s. Patrons drank a variety of cool to hot mineral waters from improved springs, swam in various baths and pools, and hiked in the rugged hills flanking Anderson Creek and its tributaries. In the bluffs to the south of the resort were four small mercury mines of the eastern Mayacmas quicksilver district. About 1,260 flasks of mercury were produced from these mines between 1909 and 1943. By the early 1970s, the higher ridges south and west of Anderson Springs became part of the southeast sector of the greater Geysers geothermal field. Today, several electric power plants are built on these ridges, producing energy from a vapor-dominated 240 °C reservoir. Only the main hot spring at Anderson Springs has maintained a recognizable identity since the 1930s. The hot spring is actually a cluster of seeps and springs that issue from a small fault in a ravine southwest of Anderson Creek. Published and unpublished records show that the maximum temperature (Tm) of this cluster fell gradually from 63°C in 1889 to 48°C in 1992. However, Tm of the cluster climbed to 77°C in 1995 and neared boiling (98°C) in 1998. A new cluster of boiling vents and small fumaroles (Tm = 99.3°C) formed in 1998 about 30 m north of the old spring cluster. Several evergreen trees on steep slopes immediately above these vents apparently were killed by the new activity.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Thermal waters at Anderson Hot Springs are mostly composed of near-surface ground waters with some added gases and condensed steam from The Geysers geothermal system. Compared to gas samples from Southeast Geysers wells, the hot spring gases are higher in CO<sub>2</sub> and lower in H<sub>2</sub>S and NH<sub>3</sub>. As the springs increased in temperature, however, the gas composition became more like the mean composition of steam discharges from the Southeast Geysers. The hot spring waters are low in ions of Cl, B, and Li, but relatively high in HCO<sub>3</sub>, SO<sub>4</sub> and NH<sub>4</sub>. The stable-isotope compositions (deuterium and oxygen-18) of these waters plot near the global meteoric water line. Geochemical data through time reveal apparent maxima in the concentrations of SO<sub>4</sub>, Fe, and Mn in 1991 to 1992, before the cluster became hotter. The black-to-gray deposits from the new spring cluster are rich in pyrite and contain anomalous metals. About one-half mile to the east of the hot springs, mineralized water discharges intermittently from an old adit of the Schwartz (Anderson) mine, and enters a tributary of Anderson Creek. This drainage increased substantially in July 1998, and a slurry of mine water and precipitates were transported down the tributary and into Anderson Creek. In December 1998, the adit water was 22°C, and had a chemical composition that was similar to spring waters that once discharged in the ravines surrounding the old Anderson Springs resort.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The cause for the abrupt changes that have occurred in thermal features at Anderson Springs is still not resolved. One possibility is that these changes are a response to withdrawal of steam from The Geysers geothermal field over more than 20 years of production. Pressure declines in the geothermal reservoir may have caused a \"drying out\" of the overlying condensation zone. Induced boiling in this zone and upflow of deep steam to shallower depths would cause heating and vaporization of shallow ground waters. In addition, earthquakes occurring in the vicinity of Anderson Springs have increased significantly after nearby geothermal power plants began operation. These earthquakes may have enhanced surface discharge of thermal fluids along fractures and faults.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr0037","usgsCitation":"Janik, C.J., Goff, F., Walter, S.R., Sorey, M.L., Counce, D., and Colvard, E.M., 2000, Abrupt physical and chemical changes during 1992-1999, Anderson Springs, SE Geyser Geothermal Field, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-37, Poster: 2 sheets, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr0037.","productDescription":"Poster: 2 sheets","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":154655,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr0037.jpg"},{"id":1231,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0037/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":280656,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0037/pdf/of00-037.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Lake County","otherGeospatial":"Anderson Springs","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.9004,38.699118 ], [ -122.9004,38.999502 ], [ -122.556788,38.999502 ], [ -122.556788,38.699118 ], [ -122.9004,38.699118 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b14e4b07f02db6a3f16","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Janik, Cathy J.","contributorId":87090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Janik","given":"Cathy","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":184676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goff, Fraser","contributorId":45340,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goff","given":"Fraser","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":184675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Walter, Stephen R.","contributorId":34954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walter","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":184674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sorey, Michael L.","contributorId":20726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sorey","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":184671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Counce, Dale","contributorId":25966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Counce","given":"Dale","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":184672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Colvard, Elizabeth M.","contributorId":26675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colvard","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":184673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":26365,"text":"wri994216 - 2000 - Heavy minerals and sedimentary organic matter in Pleistocene and Cretaceous sediments on Long Island, New York, with emphasis on pyrite and marcasite in the Magothy aquifer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:33","indexId":"wri994216","displayToPublicDate":"2001-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-4216","title":"Heavy minerals and sedimentary organic matter in Pleistocene and Cretaceous sediments on Long Island, New York, with emphasis on pyrite and marcasite in the Magothy aquifer","docAbstract":"Abundance and distribution of iron-bearing and other heavy minerals in sediments of Long Island, N.Y., were examined to identify sources and sinks of dissolved iron and other ground-water constituents along a deep flow path from the ground-water divide to the southern shore along the Nassau-Suffolk County border. The occurrence and reactivity of many iron-bearing minerals in the aquifer system are affected by terminal electron-accepting processes, which are a function of depth below land surface, distance from the ground-water divide, and organic-matter content of the sediment. The lateral distribution of heavy minerals within lithologic sediments is not uniform throughout Long Island, or even along the 30-kilometer study section at the Nassau-Suffolk County border. Mineralogy and mineral abundance in Pleistocene units differ from those in Cretaceous sediments, and some of the trends vary with depth as well as from north to south. Major heavy minerals in the Cretaceous sediments at the study sites include pyrite, marcasite, muscovite, leucoxene, ilmenite, rutile, staurolite, chloritoid, and aluminosilicates (Al2SiO5); those in the overlying Pleistocene deposits at one site include iron oxides, leucoxene, zircon, garnet, ilmenite, aluminosilicates, and hornblende. Pyrite, marcasite, garnet, hornblende, and tourmaline were found locally in the Cretaceous sediments. Pyrite and marcasite were detected less frequently in borehole samples from near the ground-water divide, where the ground water is generally oxic, than in those from near the southern shore of Long Island, but were found in sulfate- reducing zones throughout the Magothy aquifer. Glauconite was present in Cretaceous and Pleistocene deposits, but only in the marine or transitional units. The most abundant and potentially reactive of the iron-bearing minerals found were iron (hydr)oxides, leucoxene, glauconite, chlorite, pyrite, and marcasite. The presence and morphology of pyrite and marcasite can be indicative of the microbial and geochemical environments. Pyrite generally was found in association with lignite or as interstitial cement. Marcasite was found as interstitial cement and is associated with the oxidation of iron-sulfide minerals upgradient. Pyrite crystals were octahedral, cubic, cubo-octahedral, and framboidal, and many samples showed more than one generation of crystal growth. Marcasite cement, which consisted of platey crystals in most samples, probably forms only under nonmarine conditions. ","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri994216","usgsCitation":"Brown, C., Rakovan, J., and Schoonen, M.A., 2000, Heavy minerals and sedimentary organic matter in Pleistocene and Cretaceous sediments on Long Island, New York, with emphasis on pyrite and marcasite in the Magothy aquifer: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4216, v, 22 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994216.","productDescription":"v, 22 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124926,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4216/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55159,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4216/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a5ee4b07f02db633bbb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, Craig J.","contributorId":104450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Craig J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rakovan, John","contributorId":9302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rakovan","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schoonen, Martin A.A.","contributorId":6899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoonen","given":"Martin","email":"","middleInitial":"A.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":29331,"text":"wri994233 - 2000 - Water-quality assessment of the Trinity River Basin, Texas— Ground-water quality of the Trinity, Carrizo-Wilcox, and Gulf Coast aquifers, February-August 1994","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-03T20:57:37.000264","indexId":"wri994233","displayToPublicDate":"2001-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-4233","title":"Water-quality assessment of the Trinity River Basin, Texas— Ground-water quality of the Trinity, Carrizo-Wilcox, and Gulf Coast aquifers, February-August 1994","docAbstract":"<p>Ground-water samples were collected from wells in the outcrops of the Trinity, Carrizo-Wilcox, and Gulf Coast aquifers during February-August 1994 to determine the quality of ground water in the three major aquifers in the Trinity River Basin study unit, Texas. These samples were collected and analyzed for selected properties, nutrients, major inorganic constituents, trace elements, pesticides, dissolved organic carbon, total phenols, methylene blue active substances, and volatile organic compounds as part of the U.S. Geological Survey National Water-Quality Assessment Program. Quality-control practices included the collection and analysis of blank, duplicate, and spiked samples. Samples were collected from 12 shallow wells (150 feet or less) and from 12 deep wells (greater than 150 feet) in the Trinity aquifer, 11 shallow wells and 12 deep wells in the Carrizo-Wilcox aquifer, and 14 shallow wells and 10 deep wells in the Gulf Coast aquifer. The three aquifers had similar water chemistries-calcium was the dominant cation and bicarbonate the dominant anion. Statistical tests relating well depths to concentrations of nutrients and major inorganic constituents indicated correlations between well depth and concentrations of ammonia nitrogen, nitrite plus nitrate nitrogen, bicarbonate, sodium, and dissolved solids in the Carrizo-Wilcox aquifer and between well depth and concentrations of sulfate in the Gulf Coast aquifer. The tests indicated no significant correlations for the Trinity aquifer. Concentrations of dissolved solids were larger than the secondary maximum contaminant level of 500 milligrams per liter established for drinking water by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in 12 wells in the Trinity aquifer, 4 wells in the Carrizo-Wilcox aquifer, and 6 wells in the Gulf Coast aquifer. Iron concentrations were larger than the secondary maximum contaminant level of 300 micrograms per liter in at least 3 samples from each aquifer, and manganese concentrations were larger than the secondary maximum contaminant level of 50 micrograms per liter in at least 2 samples from each aquifer. The pesticides atrazine, deethylatrazine, and pp'-DDE were detected in at least one sample from each aquifer. Diazinon was detected in 11 Trinity aquifer samples and 4 Carrizo-Wilcox aquifer samples. Each aquifer had one detection of a volatile organic compound-benzene in the Trinity aquifer, trichlorofluoromethane in the Carrizo-Wilcox aquifer, and trichloromethane in the Gulf Coast aquifer.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri994233","usgsCitation":"Reutter, D., and Dunn, D., 2000, Water-quality assessment of the Trinity River Basin, Texas— Ground-water quality of the Trinity, Carrizo-Wilcox, and Gulf Coast aquifers, February-August 1994: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4233, vi, 56 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994233.","productDescription":"vi, 56 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1994-02-01","temporalEnd":"1994-08-31","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":159222,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri994233.PNG"},{"id":392468,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_78445.htm"},{"id":327870,"rank":101,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri99-4233/pdf/wri99-4233.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":8919,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri99-4233/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Trinity, Carrizo-Wilcox, and Gulf Coast aquifers, Trinity River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -98,\n              29.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.4833,\n              29.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.4833,\n              33.7167\n            ],\n            [\n              -98,\n              33.7167\n            ],\n            [\n              -98,\n              29.5\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae5e4b07f02db68a4c9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reutter, David C. dreutter@usgs.gov","contributorId":5441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reutter","given":"David C.","email":"dreutter@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":201358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dunn, David D.","contributorId":8461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunn","given":"David D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":67129,"text":"i2569 - 2000 - Geologic map of upper Eocene to Holocene volcanic and related rocks of the Cascade Range, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:20","indexId":"i2569","displayToPublicDate":"2001-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2569","subseriesTitle":"GIS","title":"Geologic map of upper Eocene to Holocene volcanic and related rocks of the Cascade Range, Oregon","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/i2569","isbn":"0607943297","usgsCitation":"Sherrod, D.R., and Smith, J., 2000, Geologic map of upper Eocene to Holocene volcanic and related rocks of the Cascade Range, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 2569, 1 map :col. ;89 x 48 cm., on sheet 119 x 84 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm. +1 data sheet (54 x 82 cm.) + 1 pamphlet (17 p. : maps ; 28 cm.), https://doi.org/10.3133/i2569.","productDescription":"1 map :col. ;89 x 48 cm., on sheet 119 x 84 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm. +1 data sheet (54 x 82 cm.) + 1 pamphlet (17 p. : maps ; 28 cm.)","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":110177,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_37332.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"37332"},{"id":188144,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6119,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/i-2569/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"24000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -123.51666666666667,42 ], [ -123.51666666666667,46 ], [ -12.134166666666665,46 ], [ -12.134166666666665,42 ], [ -123.51666666666667,42 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae1e4b07f02db68875a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sherrod, David R. 0000-0001-9460-0434 dsherrod@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9460-0434","contributorId":527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherrod","given":"David","email":"dsherrod@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":275645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, James G.","contributorId":98712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"James G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":275646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":4852,"text":"ds58 - 2000 - Geologic and geophysical characterization studies of Yucca Mountain, Nevada, a potential high-level radioactive-waste repository","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-11-14T21:02:23.968554","indexId":"ds58","displayToPublicDate":"2001-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"58","title":"Geologic and geophysical characterization studies of Yucca Mountain, Nevada, a potential high-level radioactive-waste repository","docAbstract":"In recognition of a critical national need for permanent radioactive-waste storage, Yucca Mountain in southwestern Nevada has been investigated by Federal agencies since the 1970's, as a potential geologic disposal site. In 1987, Congress selected Yucca Mountain for an expanded and more detailed site characterization effort. As an integral part of this program, the U.S. Geological Survey began a series of detailed geologic, geophysical, and related investigations designed to characterize the tectonic setting, fault behavior, and seismicity of the Yucca Mountain area. This document presents the results of 13 studies of the tectonic environment of Yucca Mountain, in support of a broad goal to assess the effects of future seismic and fault activity in the area on design, long-term performance, and safe operation of the potential surface and subsurface repository facilities.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds58","isbn":"0607948221","usgsCitation":"Whitney, J., and Keefer, W.R., 2000, Geologic and geophysical characterization studies of Yucca Mountain, Nevada, a potential high-level radioactive-waste repository (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 58, Title Page: 14 Chapters, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds58.","productDescription":"Title Page: 14 Chapters","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":139851,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":346390,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/dds/dds-058/Front.pdf","text":"Title Page","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":346391,"rank":4,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/dds/dds-058/Ch_A.pdf","text":"Chapter A","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":346392,"rank":5,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/dds/dds-058/Ch_B.pdf","text":"Chapter B","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":346393,"rank":6,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/dds/dds-058/Ch_C.pdf","text":"Chapter C","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":346394,"rank":7,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/dds/dds-058/Ch_D.pdf","text":"Chapter 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,{"id":68032,"text":"ha746B - 2000 - Geohydrology of the shallow aquifers in the Fort Collins-Loveland area, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-07T11:45:22","indexId":"ha746B","displayToPublicDate":"2001-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":318,"text":"Hydrologic Atlas","code":"HA","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"746","chapter":"B","title":"Geohydrology of the shallow aquifers in the Fort Collins-Loveland area, Colorado","docAbstract":"<p>Urban areas commonly rely on ground water for at least part of the municipal water supply, and as population increases, urban areas expand and require larger volumes of water. However, the expansion of an urban area can reduce ground-water availability. This may occur through processes of depletion (withdrawal of most of the available ground water), degradation (chemicals used in the urban area seep into the ground and contaminate the ground water), and preemption (cost or restrictions on pumping ground water from under extensively urbanized areas may be prohibitive). Thus, a vital natural resource needed to support the growth of an urban area and its infrastructure can become less available because of growth itself.</p>\n<p>The diminished availability of natural resources caused by expansion of urban areas is not unique to water resources. For example, large volumes of aggregate (sand and gravel) are used in concrete and asphalt to build and maintain the infrastructure (buildings, roads, airports, and so forth) of an urban area. Yet, mining of aggregate commonly is preempted by urban expansion; for example, it cannot be mined from under a subdivision. Energy resources such as coal, oil, and natural gas likewise are critical to the growth and existence of an urban area but may become less available as an urban area expands and preempts mining and drilling.</p>\n<p>In 1996, the U.S. Geological Survey began work on a national initiative designed to provide information on the availability of those natural resources (water, minerals, energy, and biota) that are critical to maintaining the Nation's infrastructure or that may become less available because of urban expansion. The initiative began with a 3-year demonstration project to develop procedures for assessing resources and methods for interpreting and publishing information in digital and traditional paper formats. The Front Range urban corridor of Colorado was chosen as the demonstration area (fig. 1), and the project was titled the Front Range Infrastructure Resources Project (FRIRP). This report and those of Robson (1996), Robson and others (1998), and Robson and others (2000a, 2000b, 2000c) are the results of FRIRP water-resources investigations; reports pertaining to geology, minerals, energy, biota, and cartography of the FRIRP are published separately. The waterresources studies of the FRIRP were undertaken in cooperation with the Colorado Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Resources, and the Colorado Water Conservation Board.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ha746B","isbn":"0607953500","usgsCitation":"Robson, S.G., Arnold, L.R., and Heiny, J.S., 2000, Geohydrology of the shallow aquifers in the Fort Collins-Loveland area, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Atlas 746, 5 maps :col. ;97 x 60 cm., on sheets 115 x 92 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ha746B.","productDescription":"5 maps :col. ;97 x 60 cm., on sheets 115 x 92 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":185718,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":91831,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/746b/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":89275,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/746b/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":89276,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/746b/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":89277,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/746b/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":89278,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/746b/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"50000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -105.18333333333334,40.350833333333334 ], [ -105.18333333333334,40.75 ], [ -104.86749999999999,40.75 ], [ -104.86749999999999,40.350833333333334 ], [ -105.18333333333334,40.350833333333334 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a8808","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robson, Stanley G.","contributorId":73187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robson","given":"Stanley","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":277531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Arnold, L. 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,{"id":68034,"text":"ha746A - 2000 - Geohydrology of the shallow aquifers in the Greeley-Nunn area, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-28T11:11:52","indexId":"ha746A","displayToPublicDate":"2001-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":318,"text":"Hydrologic Atlas","code":"HA","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"746","chapter":"A","title":"Geohydrology of the shallow aquifers in the Greeley-Nunn area, Colorado","docAbstract":"<p>Urban areas commonly rely on ground water for at least part of the municipal water supply, and as population increases, urban areas expand and require larger volumes of water. However, the expansion of an urban area can reduce ground-water availability. This may occur through processes of depletion (withdrawal of most of the available ground water), degradation (chemicals used in the urban area seep into the ground and contaminate the ground water), and preemption (cost or restrictions on pumping ground water from under extensively urbanized areas may be prohibitive). Thus, a vital natural resource needed to support the growth of an urban area and its infrastructure can become less available because of growth itself.<br />The diminished availability of natural resources caused by expansion of urban areas is not unique to water resources. For example, large volumes of aggregate (sand and gravel) are used in concrete and asphalt to build and maintain the infrastructure (buildings, roads, airports, and so forth) of an urban area. Yet, mining of aggregate commonly is preempted by urban expansion; for example, it cannot be mined from under a subdivision. Energy resources such as coal, oil, and natural gas likewise are critical to the growth and vitality of an urban area but may become less available as an urban area expands and preempts mining and drilling.<br />In 1996, the U.S. Geological Survey began work on a national initiative designed to provide information on the availability of those natural resources (water, minerals, energy, and biota) that are critical to maintaining the Nation's infrastructure or that may become less available because of urban expansion. The initiative began with a 3-year demonstration project to develop procedures for assessing resources and methods for interpreting and publishing information in digital and traditional paper formats. The Front Range urban corridor of Colorado was chosen as the demonstration area (fig. 1), and the project was titled the Front Range Infrastructure Resources Project (FRIRP). This report and those of Robson (1996), Robson and others (1998), and Robson and others (2000a, 2000b, 2000c) are the results of FRIRP water-resources investigations; reports pertaining to geology, minerals, energy, biota, and cartography of the FRIRP are published separately. The water resources studies of the FRIRP were undertaken in cooperation with the Colorado Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Resources. and the Colorado Water Conservation Board.</p>","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ha746A","isbn":"0607953519","usgsCitation":"Robson, S.G., Arnold, L.R., and Heiny, J.S., 2000, Geohydrology of the shallow aquifers in the Greeley-Nunn area, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Atlas 746, 5 maps :col. ;97 x 60 cm., on sheets 115 x 92 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ha746A.","productDescription":"5 maps :col. ;97 x 60 cm., on sheets 115 x 92 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":186129,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":89283,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/746a/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":89284,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/746a/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":89285,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/746a/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":89286,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/746a/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":89287,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/746a/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"50000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -104.86749999999999,40.36666666666667 ], [ -104.86749999999999,40.75 ], [ -104.61666666666666,40.75 ], [ -104.61666666666666,40.36666666666667 ], [ -104.86749999999999,40.36666666666667 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a8814","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robson, Stanley G.","contributorId":73187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robson","given":"Stanley","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":277537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Arnold, L. R.","contributorId":92738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arnold","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":277538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Heiny, Janet S.","contributorId":93468,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heiny","given":"Janet","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":277539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":60373,"text":"mf2347 - 2000 - Generalized surficial geologic map of the Denver 1° x 2° quadrangle, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-18T20:26:12.707748","indexId":"mf2347","displayToPublicDate":"2001-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2347","title":"Generalized surficial geologic map of the Denver 1° x 2° quadrangle, Colorado","docAbstract":"Thirty-nine types of surficial geologic deposits and residual materials of Quaternary age are described and mapped in the greater Denver area, in part of the Front Range, and in the piedmont and plains east of Denver, Boulder, and Castle Rock. Descriptions appear in the pamphlet that accompanies the map. Landslide deposits, colluvium, residuum, alluvium, and other deposits or materials are described in terms of predominant grain size, mineral or rock composition (e.g., gypsiferous, calcareous, granitic, andesitic), thickness of deposits, and other physical characteristics. Origins and ages of the deposits and geologic hazards related to them are noted. Many lines between geologic units on our map were placed by generalizing contacts on published maps. However, in 1997-1999 we mapped new boundaries, as well. The map was projected to the UTM projection. This large map area extends from the Continental Divide near Winter Park and Fairplay (on the west edge), eastward about 107 mi (172 km); and extends from Boulder on the north edge to Woodland Park at the south edge (68 mi; 109 km).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/mf2347","usgsCitation":"Moore, D.W., Straub, A.W., Berry, M.E., Baker, M.L., and Brandt, T.R., 2000, Generalized surficial geologic map of the Denver 1° x 2° quadrangle, Colorado (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2347, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2347.","productDescription":"HTML Document","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":183596,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":110146,"rank":700,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_34795.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"34795"},{"id":6025,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2001/mf-2347/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"250000","country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Denver 1° x 2° quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -106,39 ], [ -106,40 ], [ -104,40 ], [ -104,39 ], [ -106,39 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6aec81","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, D. W.","contributorId":93431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":263635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Straub, A. W.","contributorId":65164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Straub","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":263631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Berry, M. E.","contributorId":78817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berry","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":263634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Baker, M. L.","contributorId":77234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":263632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brandt, T. R.","contributorId":77553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brandt","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":263633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":24648,"text":"ofr99454 - 2000 - Water-quality assessment of the central Nebraska Basins: Design for field operations, 1992 through 1995","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-26T19:32:47.918503","indexId":"ofr99454","displayToPublicDate":"2001-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-454","title":"Water-quality assessment of the central Nebraska Basins: Design for field operations, 1992 through 1995","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr99454","usgsCitation":"Swanson, R.B., and Emmons, P.J., 2000, Water-quality assessment of the central Nebraska Basins: Design for field operations, 1992 through 1995: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-454, vii, 27 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99454.","productDescription":"vii, 27 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":53683,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0454/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":405715,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_34037.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":157635,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0454/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -102.317,\n              40.422\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.867,\n              40.422\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.867,\n              42.681\n            ],\n            [\n              -102.317,\n              42.681\n            ],\n            [\n              -102.317,\n              40.422\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e7115","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Swanson, Robert B. rswanson@usgs.gov","contributorId":855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"Robert","email":"rswanson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":192319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Emmons, Patrick J.","contributorId":48958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Emmons","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":27042,"text":"wri994234 - 2000 - Characterization of water quality and simulation of temperature, nutrients, biochemical oxygen demand, and dissolved oxygen in the Wateree River, South Carolina, 1996-98","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-13T20:44:18.369204","indexId":"wri994234","displayToPublicDate":"2001-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-4234","title":"Characterization of water quality and simulation of temperature, nutrients, biochemical oxygen demand, and dissolved oxygen in the Wateree River, South Carolina, 1996-98","docAbstract":"<p>In May 1996, the U.S. Geological Survey entered into a cooperative agreement with the Kershaw County Water and Sewer Authority to characterize and simulate the water quality in the Wateree River, South Carolina. Longitudinal profiling of dissolved-oxygen concentrations during the spring and summer of 1996 revealed dissolved-oxygen minimums occurring upstream from the point-source discharges. The mean dissolved-oxygen decrease upstream from the effluent discharges was 2.0 milligrams per liter, and the decrease downstream from the effluent discharges was 0.2 milligram per liter. Several theories were investigated to obtain an improved understanding of the dissolved-oxygen dynamics in the upper Wateree River. Data suggest that the dissolved-oxygen concentration decrease is associated with elevated levels of oxygen-consuming nutrients and metals that are flowing into the Wateree River from Lake Wateree. </p><p>Analysis of long-term streamflow and water-quality data collected at two U.S. Geological Survey gaging stations suggests that no strong correlation exists between streamflow and dissolved-oxygen concentrations in the Wateree River. However, a strong negative correlation does exist between dissolved-oxygen concentrations and water temperature. Analysis of data from six South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control monitoring stations for 1980.95 revealed decreasing trends in ammonia nitrogen at all stations where data were available and decreasing trends in 5-day biochemical oxygen demand at three river stations. </p><p>The influence of various hydrologic and point-source loading conditions on dissolved-oxygen concentrations in the Wateree River were determined by using results from water-quality simulations by the Branched Lagrangian Transport Model. The effects of five tributaries and four point-source discharges were included in the model. Data collected during two synoptic water-quality samplings on June 23.25 and August 11.13, 1997, were used to calibrate and validate the Branched Lagrangian Transport Model. The data include dye-tracer concentrations collected at six locations, stream-reaeration data collected at four locations, and water-quality and water-temperature data collected at nine locations. Hydraulic data for the Branched Lagrangian Transport Model were simulated by using the U.S. Geological Survey BRANCH one-dimensional, unsteady-flow model. Data that were used to calibrate and validate the BRANCH model included time-series of water-level and streamflow data at three locations. The domain of the hydraulic model and the transport model was a 57.3- and 43.5-mile reach of the river, respectively. </p><p>A sensitivity analysis of the simulated dissolved-oxygen concentrations to model coefficients and data inputs indicated that the simulated dissolved-oxygen concentrations were most sensitive to changes in the boundary concentration inputs of water temperature and dissolved oxygen followed by sensitivity to the change in streamflow. A 35-percent increase in streamflow resulted in a negative normalized sensitivity index, indicating a decrease in dissolved-oxygen concentrations. The simulated dissolved-oxygen concentrations showed no significant sensitivity to changes in model input rate kinetics. </p><p>To demonstrate the utility of the Branched Lagrangian Transport Model of the Wateree River, the model was used to simulate several hydrologic and water-quality scenarios to evaluate the effects on simulated dissolved-oxygen concentrations. The first scenario compared the 24-hour mean dissolved-oxygen concentrations for August 13, 1997, as simulated during the model validation, with simulations using two different streamflow patterns. The mean streamflow for August 13, 1997, was 2,000 cubic feet per second. Simulations were run using mean streamflows of 1,000 and 1,400 cubic feet per second while keeping the water-quality boundary conditions the same as were used during the validation simulations.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri994234","usgsCitation":"Feaster, T., and Conrads, P., 2000, Characterization of water quality and simulation of temperature, nutrients, biochemical oxygen demand, and dissolved oxygen in the Wateree River, South Carolina, 1996-98: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4234, vi, 90 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994234.","productDescription":"vi, 90 p.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":411915,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25647.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":55923,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4234/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":119976,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4234/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Catabwa-Wateree River","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"properties\":{},\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-81.7657470703125,35.567980458012094],[-81.8756103515625,35.536696378395035],[-82.0074462890625,35.572448615622804],[-82.0623779296875,35.585851593232356],[-82.16812133789062,35.54060755592023],[-82.22579956054688,35.59255224089235],[-82.24159240722656,35.65729624809628],[-82.20794677734374,35.74818410650582],[-82.08915710449219,35.801664652427895],[-82.02598571777344,35.81001773806242],[-81.96418762207031,35.821153818963175],[-81.95594787597656,35.92019610057511],[-81.95182800292969,35.98078444581272],[-81.903076171875,36.053540128339755],[-81.8536376953125,36.05798104702501],[-81.76712036132812,36.055760619006755],[-81.71905517578125,36.04021586880111],[-81.66824340820312,35.98245135784044],[-81.5679931640625,35.9157474194997],[-81.31393432617188,35.95911138558121],[-81.26998901367188,36.03244234269516],[-81.19171142578125,36.0779620797358],[-81.08322143554688,36.06353184297193],[-80.79620361328125,35.89350026142572],[-80.71929931640624,35.69299463209881],[-80.7275390625,35.53110865111194],[-80.69869995117188,35.43381992014202],[-80.70556640625,35.34425514918409],[-80.80718994140625,35.15584570226544],[-80.81268310546874,34.95349314197422],[-80.771484375,34.89494244739732],[-80.71105957031249,34.65467425162703],[-80.68084716796875,34.51787261401661],[-80.52978515625,34.35704160076073],[-80.4583740234375,34.23905366851639],[-80.518798828125,34.03900467904445],[-80.496826171875,33.88865750124075],[-80.60394287109375,33.75060604160645],[-80.71998596191406,33.82992730179868],[-80.74745178222656,34.05209051767928],[-80.83328247070312,34.27083595165],[-80.8971405029297,34.3201881768449],[-80.98915100097656,34.40634314091266],[-81.04133605957031,34.487881874939866],[-81.10588073730469,34.710009159224946],[-81.12167358398438,34.84311278917537],[-81.16905212402344,35.07271701786369],[-81.15669250488281,35.18222692831516],[-81.12373352050781,35.25627309169437],[-81.12648010253906,35.460669951495305],[-81.2384033203125,35.567980458012094],[-81.3922119140625,35.58138418324621],[-81.595458984375,35.59925232772949],[-81.7657470703125,35.567980458012094]]]}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49ace4b07f02db5c6b89","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Feaster, Toby D. 0000-0002-5626-5011 tfeaster@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5626-5011","contributorId":1109,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feaster","given":"Toby D.","email":"tfeaster@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":197457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Conrads, Paul 0000-0003-0408-4208 pconrads@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0408-4208","contributorId":764,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conrads","given":"Paul","email":"pconrads@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":197456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":66165,"text":"i2463 - 2000 - Geologic map of the Sasquatch Steps area, north flank of Mount St. Helens, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-12-18T09:14:25","indexId":"i2463","displayToPublicDate":"2001-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2463","title":"Geologic map of the Sasquatch Steps area, north flank of Mount St. Helens, Washington","docAbstract":"The 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens resulted in both new volcanic deposits and deeply incised exposures into pre-1980 deposits. These exposures were produced by excavation of the crater by the 1980 landslides and lateral explosion as well as the subsequent erosion of Step and Loowit creeks by northerly stream flow out of the horseshoe-shaped crater. The map covers the area known as the Sasquatch Steps (commonly called the Steps), which lies between the Pumice Plain on the north and the lowermost portion of the crater on the south. Rapid alluvial aggradation at the base of the Steps is presently burying some of the lowest exposures, and erosion is stripping many of the upland deposits. The stratigraphic sequence exposed in the map area includes deposits from the eruptive periods listed in table 1 (Crandell, 1987). Assignment of deposits to the various eruptive periods is based on lithology and ferromagnesian-mineral suites typical for each of the eruptive periods (Mullineaux and Crandell, 1981; Mullineaux, 1986), as well as three 14 C dates from wood found in the deposits. Faults displayed on the map are largely confined to the older part of the stratigraphic section. These older units are highly shattered, with an extremely complicated fracture pattern, and it is only possible to show the largest and most distinctive of these structures at the map scale. Interpretation of the stratigraphy and structure of this area is given in Hausback and Swanson (1990).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/i2463","isbn":"0607951885","usgsCitation":"Hausback, B.P., 2000, Geologic map of the Sasquatch Steps area, north flank of Mount St. Helens, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 2463, Map: 50.76 inches x 40.31 inches; Map PS: Postscript file; 2 Sheets: Postscript files, https://doi.org/10.3133/i2463.","productDescription":"Map: 50.76 inches x 40.31 inches; Map PS: Postscript file; 2 Sheets: Postscript files","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":188235,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/i2463.jpg"},{"id":280378,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2463/pdf/i2463_p1.eps.ps"},{"id":280376,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2463/"},{"id":280377,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2463/pdf/i2463.pdf"},{"id":280379,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2463/#"},{"id":280380,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2463/pdf/i2463_p2.eps.ps"}],"scale":"4000","country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Mount St. Helens","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -121.2,46.206944 ], [ -121.2,46.244444 ], [ -121.179167,46.244444 ], [ -121.179167,46.206944 ], [ -121.2,46.206944 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae6e4b07f02db68b7c2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hausback, Brian P.","contributorId":57361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hausback","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":274088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
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