{"pageNumber":"321","pageRowStart":"8000","pageSize":"25","recordCount":165271,"records":[{"id":70238045,"text":"70238045 - 2022 - Rock alteration mapping in and around fossil shallow intrusions at Mt. Ruapehu New Zealand with laboratory and aerial hyperspectral imaging","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-07T12:50:24.402862","indexId":"70238045","displayToPublicDate":"2022-11-04T06:42:58","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rock alteration mapping in and around fossil shallow intrusions at Mt. Ruapehu New Zealand with laboratory and aerial hyperspectral imaging","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-serif\"><div id=\"ab0005\" class=\"abstract author\" lang=\"en\"><div id=\"as0005\"><p id=\"sp0065\">Diagnostic absorption features in hyperspectral data can be used to identify a specific mineral or mineral associations. However, it is unknown how accurate hyperspectral mapping can be for identifying alteration mineral compositions at the resolution required to describe structures such as fossil intrusions, or whether it can accurately quantify the alteration present. This study compared petrographic observation with visible, near-infrared (VNIR), and shortwave infrared (SWIR) hyperspectral remote sensing at laboratory- (centimetre-scale) and aerial- (metre-scale) scales to characterise the abundance of surface hydrothermal rock alteration in and around a shallow fossil intrusion on Pinnacle Ridge, Mt. Ruapehu, New Zealand. We classified a high-resolution aerial hyperspectral image to develop a new surface alteration map using Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) algorithm. The petrographic thin-section and the laboratory and aerial hyperspectral imaging revealed a spectrum of hydrous alteration phases as indicated by the presence of an absorption feature at 2207&nbsp;nm. Moderate correlation exists between the depth of the absorption feature at 2207&nbsp;nm and the point counting-derived alteration percent values, indicating reliability of laboratory-based hyperspectral analytical methods. In contrast, aerial hyperspectral data failed to provide any clear correlations to field-mapped alteration using a band-depth approach, and we interpret this due to ‘oversampling’ of surface (supergene) alteration, spectral mixing, and sensor limitations (e.g., bandwidth, signal-to-noise ratio). The hyperspectral image-derived alteration map, created using supervised image classification, can loosely be translated to a geotechnical map where porosity and permeability play a major role in localizing hydrothermal fluid flow and the formation of alteration mineral associations.</p></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2022.107700","usgsCitation":"Douglas, A., Kereszturi, G., Schaefer, L.N., and Kennedy, B.M., 2022, Rock alteration mapping in and around fossil shallow intrusions at Mt. Ruapehu New Zealand with laboratory and aerial hyperspectral imaging: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 107700, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2022.107700.","productDescription":"107700, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-141155","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":409188,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"New Zealand","otherGeospatial":"Mt. Ruapehu","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              175.18450850284427,\n              -38.81524047528322\n            ],\n            [\n              175.18450850284427,\n              -39.6149627891337\n            ],\n            [\n              176.05242842471847,\n              -39.6149627891337\n            ],\n            [\n              176.05242842471847,\n              -38.81524047528322\n            ],\n            [\n              175.18450850284427,\n              -38.81524047528322\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Douglas, Abbey","contributorId":298912,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Douglas","given":"Abbey","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37172,"text":"University of Canterbury","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kereszturi, Gabor 0000-0003-4336-2012","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4336-2012","contributorId":247601,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kereszturi","given":"Gabor","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49587,"text":"Volcanic Risk Solutions, Massey University, Palmerston North, 4474, New Zealand","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schaefer, Lauren N. 0000-0003-3216-7983","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3216-7983","contributorId":241997,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaefer","given":"Lauren","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":856699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kennedy, Ben M. 0000-0001-7235-6493","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7235-6493","contributorId":270276,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kennedy","given":"Ben","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37172,"text":"University of Canterbury","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70238436,"text":"70238436 - 2022 - Insight into Hurricane Maria peak flows from the development and application of the Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System (PRMS): Including Río Grande de Arecibo, Puerto Rico, 1981–2017","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-23T12:37:26.148964","indexId":"70238436","displayToPublicDate":"2022-11-04T06:33:28","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":10778,"text":"Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Insight into Hurricane Maria peak flows from the development and application of the Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System (PRMS): Including Río Grande de Arecibo, Puerto Rico, 1981–2017","docAbstract":"<div class=\"html-p\">The Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System (PRMS) was used to develop a simulation of watershed hydrology on the island of Puerto Rico for the period 1981–2017, concentrating on the Río Grande de Arecibo, a river with some of the highest streamflows on the island. This development is part of the U.S. Geological Survey’s (USGS) National Hydrologic Model (NHM) infrastructure which supports coordinated, comprehensive, and consistent hydrologic modeling at the watershed scale for the coterminous United States (CONUS). A goal of the NHM program is to expand the domain outside of CONUS, leading to a PRMS application in Puerto Rico. This model was used to simulate the effects of Hurricane Maria on daily streamflow and provide information at locations where streamgages were damaged by the hurricane. Comparisons with streamflow estimates made by indirect methods in the field, up to ten times higher than simulated values, lends insight into the uncertainties in both the indirect methods and model simulated values and helps to identify potential error in the daily streamflow estimates. The PRMS can be applied to look at the effects of changes in climate and land use, water management, industrial and public water usage, and many other factors that affect hydrology on the island of Puerto Rico. The model is also designed as a support tool for the USGS National Water Census which provides comprehensive reporting of national information on withdrawal, conveyance, consumptive use, and return flow by water-use category.</div><div id=\"html-keywords\"><br></div>","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/hydrology9110205","usgsCitation":"Swain, E., and Bellino, J.C., 2022, Insight into Hurricane Maria peak flows from the development and application of the Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System (PRMS): Including Río Grande de Arecibo, Puerto Rico, 1981–2017: Hydrology, v. 11, no. 9, 205, 27 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrology9110205.","productDescription":"205, 27 p.","ipdsId":"IP-124891","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":445945,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrology9110205","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435627,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9IMU17O","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"PRMS simulator used to assess rainfall, runoff, and river flow for the National Hydrologic Model (NHM) Puerto Rico"},{"id":409582,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Puerto 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,{"id":70237995,"text":"70237995 - 2022 - Integrating Bayesian networks to forecast sea-level rise impacts on barrier island characteristics and habitat availability","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-03T17:07:22.337181","indexId":"70237995","displayToPublicDate":"2022-11-03T12:01:18","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5026,"text":"Earth and Space Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Integrating Bayesian networks to forecast sea-level rise impacts on barrier island characteristics and habitat availability","docAbstract":"<p><span>Evaluation of sea-level rise (SLR) impacts on coastal landforms and habitats is a persistent need for informing coastal planning and management, including policy decisions, particularly those that balance human interests and habitat protection throughout the coastal zone. Bayesian networks (BNs) are used to model barrier island change under different SLR scenarios that are relevant to management and policy decisions. BNs utilized here include a shoreline change model and two models of barrier island biogeomorphological evolution at different scales (50 and 5&nbsp;m). These BNs were then linked to another BN to predict habitat availability for piping plovers (</span><i>Charadrius melodus</i><span>), a threatened shorebird reliant on beach habitats. We evaluated the performance of the two linked geomorphology BNs and further examined error rates by generating hindcasts of barrier island geomorphology and habitat availability for 2014 conditions. Geomorphology hindcasts revealed that model error declined with a greater number of known inputs, with error rates reaching 55% when multiple outputs were hindcast simultaneously. We also found that, although error in predictions of piping plover nest presence/absence increased when outputs from the geomorphology BNs were used as inputs in the piping plover habitat BN, the maximum error rate for piping plover habitat suitability in the fully-linked BNs was only 30%. Our findings suggest this approach may be useful for guiding scenario-based evaluations where known inputs can be used to constrain variables that produce higher uncertainty for morphological predictions. Overall, the approach demonstrates a way to assimilate data and model structures with uncertainty to produce forecasts to inform coastal planning and management.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2022EA002286","usgsCitation":"Gutierrez, B.T., Zeigler, S., Lentz, E.E., Sturdivant, E., and Plant, N., 2022, Integrating Bayesian networks to forecast sea-level rise impacts on barrier island characteristics and habitat availability: Earth and Space Science, v. 9, no. 11, e2022EA002286, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2022EA002286.","productDescription":"e2022EA002286, 24 p.","ipdsId":"IP-133519","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":445946,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2022ea002286","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435628,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9R63EMY","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"LinkedBNs_4Habitat - Matlab files to link Bayesian networks to generate habitat predictions"},{"id":409116,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Fire Island","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -73.29594026716985,\n              40.63299474223902\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.3215230252425,\n              40.62686351437537\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.31075133763278,\n              40.61664355031391\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.26429843481641,\n              40.61766561708444\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.18687693012288,\n              40.63299474223902\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.03405361216147,\n              40.66823837708819\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.97548256078474,\n              40.69019238633578\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.90142720846879,\n              40.71673176155275\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.75498136755509,\n              40.76126281049005\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.75113811514511,\n              40.771161378285385\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.79008117864493,\n              40.76709873688291\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.82145002511935,\n              40.7537050773594\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.84023809567569,\n              40.75014350867727\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.87497858406178,\n              40.735821347504924\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.91489181798045,\n              40.735609108172895\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.93239581034598,\n              40.71979331664596\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.98894717029637,\n              40.70040108981058\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.00241177980864,\n              40.69019238633578\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.07512067117331,\n              40.66977028676959\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.19495569582996,\n              40.64729875129544\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.26631812624335,\n              40.628907319545874\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.29594026716985,\n              40.63299474223902\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"9","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-10-28","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gutierrez, Benjamin T. 0000-0002-1879-7893 bgutierrez@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1879-7893","contributorId":2924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gutierrez","given":"Benjamin","email":"bgutierrez@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":856469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zeigler, Sara 0000-0002-5472-769X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5472-769X","contributorId":222703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zeigler","given":"Sara","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":856470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lentz, Erika E. 0000-0002-0621-8954 elentz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0621-8954","contributorId":173964,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lentz","given":"Erika","email":"elentz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":856471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sturdivant, Emily J.","contributorId":297196,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sturdivant","given":"Emily J.","affiliations":[{"id":56085,"text":"Woodwell Climate Research Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Plant, Nathaniel 0000-0002-5703-5672","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5703-5672","contributorId":81234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plant","given":"Nathaniel","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":856473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70237998,"text":"70237998 - 2022 - CoastalImageLib: An open-source Python package for creating common coastal image products","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-03T16:54:01.037543","indexId":"70237998","displayToPublicDate":"2022-11-03T11:51:26","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5923,"text":"SoftwareX","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"CoastalImageLib: An open-source Python package for creating common coastal image products","docAbstract":"<p id=\"d1e241\"><i>CoastalImageLib</i><span>&nbsp;</span>is a Python library that produces common coastal image products intended for quantitative analysis of coastal environments. This library contains functions to georectify and merge multiple oblique camera views, produce statistical image products for a given set of images, and create subsampled pixel instruments for use in bathymetric inversion, surface current estimation, run-up calculations, and other quantitative analyses. This package intends to be an open-source broadly generalizable front end to future coastal imaging applications, ultimately expanding user accessibility to optical remote sensing of coastal environments. This package was developed and tested on data collected from the Argus Tower, a 43&nbsp;m tall observation structure in Duck, North Carolina at the US Army Engineer Research and Development Center’s Field Research Facility that holds six stationary cameras which collect twice-hourly coastal image products. Thus,<span>&nbsp;</span><i>CoastalImageLib</i><span>&nbsp;</span>also contains functions designed to interface with the file storage and collection system implemented at the Argus Tower.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.softx.2022.101215","usgsCitation":"McCann, M., Anderson, D.L., Sherwood, C.R., Bruder, B., Bak, A.S., and Brodie, K., 2022, CoastalImageLib: An open-source Python package for creating common coastal image products: SoftwareX, v. 20, 101215, 7 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.softx.2022.101215.","productDescription":"101215, 7 p.","ipdsId":"IP-132131","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":489196,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.softx.2022.101215","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":409114,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCann, Maile","contributorId":298807,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCann","given":"Maile","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":64688,"text":"Sonny Astani Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering University of Southern California","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, Dylan L.","contributorId":187533,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"Dylan","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":856487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sherwood, Christopher R. 0000-0001-6135-3553 csherwood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6135-3553","contributorId":2866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherwood","given":"Christopher","email":"csherwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":856488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bruder, Brittany","contributorId":298808,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bruder","given":"Brittany","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":64689,"text":"Coastal and Hydraulics Laboratory, US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Kitty Hawk, NC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bak, A. Spicer","contributorId":298809,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bak","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"Spicer","affiliations":[{"id":64689,"text":"Coastal and Hydraulics Laboratory, US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Kitty Hawk, NC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Brodie, Katherine","contributorId":266146,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brodie","given":"Katherine","affiliations":[{"id":13502,"text":"US Army Corps of Engineers","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70237895,"text":"70237895 - 2022 - Klamath natural flow study, Upper Klamath Basin groundwater flow model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-23T13:26:00.51571","indexId":"70237895","displayToPublicDate":"2022-11-03T09:13:58","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":21,"text":"Fact Sheet","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"displayTitle":"Klamath Natural Flow Study, Upper Klamath Basin Groundwater Flow Model","title":"Klamath natural flow study, Upper Klamath Basin groundwater flow model","docAbstract":"<p>The purpose of the Upper Klamath Basin Groundwater Flow Model (UKBGFM) is to simulate groundwater conditions in the Upper Klamath Basin under historical and predevelopment conditions. The UKBGFM quantifies estimates of and changes in groundwater levels, storage, pumping, drainage flow to tile drains, evapotranspiration, and flow between the Upper Klamath Basin and neighboring basins. The quantifications of base flow to streams and seepage to and from lakes and reservoirs can be used as inputs to the RiverWare Mass Balance Model (Zagona and others, 2001), a companion model being developed as part of the Klamath Natural Flow Study (KNFS). </p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Traum, J.A., and Boyce, S.E., 2022, Klamath natural flow study, Upper Klamath Basin groundwater flow model: Fact Sheet, 2 p.","productDescription":"2 p.","ipdsId":"IP-145778","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":418055,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.usbr.gov/mp/kbao/docs/04-factsheet-gwmodeling-final.pdf"},{"id":418057,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Upper Klamath basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -121.54532325728275,\n              42.588031447169925\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.57092240453784,\n              42.588031447169925\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.57092240453784,\n              41.175\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.54532325728275,\n              41.175\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.54532325728275,\n              42.588031447169925\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Traum, Jonathan A. 0000-0002-4787-3680 jtraum@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4787-3680","contributorId":4780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Traum","given":"Jonathan","email":"jtraum@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":856125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boyce, Scott E. 0000-0003-0626-9492 seboyce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0626-9492","contributorId":4766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boyce","given":"Scott","email":"seboyce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":856126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70237966,"text":"ofr20221004 - 2022 - Spatial extent of seagrasses (Zostera marina and Ruppia maritima) along the central Pacific coast of Baja California, Mexico, 1999–2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-18T20:03:29.19242","indexId":"ofr20221004","displayToPublicDate":"2022-11-03T07:52:07","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2022-1004","displayTitle":"Spatial Extent of Seagrasses (<em>Zostera marina</em> and <em>Ruppia maritima</em>) along the Central Pacific Coast of Baja California, Mexico, 1999–2000","title":"Spatial extent of seagrasses (Zostera marina and Ruppia maritima) along the central Pacific coast of Baja California, Mexico, 1999–2000","docAbstract":"<p class=\"p1\">The seagrasses eelgrass (<i>Zostera marina</i>) and widgeongrass (<i>Ruppia maritima</i>) are prominent features of coastal lagoons along the Pacific coast of Baja California, Mexico, supporting a rich diversity of marine life. Yet little is known about their spatial distribution in this region. This is a concern because of declining trends in the abundance and distribution of seagrass in parts of northern Baja California and southern California. We used 7-band satellite imagery, 4-band digital multispectral videography, and 3-band color aerial photography to map the distribution of eelgrass and widgeongrass in six embayments along the central Pacific coast of Baja California. The total spatial extent of seagrass was estimated to be 42,697 hectares, of which about 70 percent was eelgrass. This seagrass was primarily lower in the intertidal than widgeongrass in all embayments. Eelgrass and widgeongrass composed the greatest proportion (47 percent) of the spatial extent in the two largest embayments, Lagunas Ojo de Liebre and San Ignacio, and these two embayments accounted for 85 percent of all seagrass in the study area. The native cordgrass (<i>Spartina foliosa</i>) and pickleweed (<i>Salicornia spp</i>.) were the predominate vegetation cover type of marshes in the three northern and three southern embayments, respectively. The three southern embayments contained mangrove (<i>Rhizophora </i>spp.) and the three northern embayments did not, thus marking the northern edge of mangroves along the Pacific coast of North America. This study establishes an embayment-wide baseline for continuing investigations and monitoring future changes in the spatial abundance of seagrasses in central Baja California.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20221004","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Ward, D.H., Morton, A., Markon, C.J., and Hogrefe, K.R., 2022, Spatial extent of seagrasses (Zostera marina and Ruppia maritima) along the central Pacific coast of Baja California, Mexico, 1999–2000: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2022–1004, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20221004.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 13 p.; Data Release","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-128315","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":409029,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9H4LBP3","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release.","linkHelpText":"Point sampling data for eelgrass (<em>Zostera marina</em>) and widgeongrass (<em>Ruppia maritima</em>) abundance in embayments of the north Pacific coast of Baja California, Mexico, 1998–2012"},{"id":409030,"rank":5,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9WEK4JI","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release.","linkHelpText":"Mapping data of eelgrass (<em>Zostera marina</em>) distribution, Alaska and Baja California, Mexico"},{"id":409032,"rank":7,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2022/1004/ofr20221004.XML"},{"id":409031,"rank":6,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2022/1004/images"},{"id":409026,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2022/1004/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":409041,"rank":8,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20221078","text":"OFR 2022-1078 —","description":"OFR 2022-1078","linkHelpText":"Abundance of eelgrass (<em>Zostera marina</em>) at key Black Brant (<em>Branta bernicla nigricans</em>) wintering sites along the northern Pacific coast of Baja California, Mexico, 1998–2012"},{"id":409028,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20221004/full","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"OFR 2022-1004"},{"id":409027,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2022/1004/ofr20221004.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2022-1004"}],"country":"Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Baja California","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -115.34490212994275,\n              28.246325178662076\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.34490212994275,\n              26.352495017715754\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.76335916119284,\n              26.352495017715754\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.76335916119284,\n              28.246325178662076\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.34490212994275,\n              28.246325178662076\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","contact":"<p>Director, <a href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/asc/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/asc/\">Alaska Science Center</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>4210 University Drive<br>Anchorage, Alaska 99508</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Acknowledgments</li><li>Abstract</li><li>Introduction</li><li>Methods</li><li>Results and Discussion</li><li>References Cited</li></ul>","publishedDate":"2022-11-03","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-11-03","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ward, David H. 0000-0002-5242-2526 dward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5242-2526","contributorId":3247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"David","email":"dward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":856398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morton, Alexandra","contributorId":42323,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morton","given":"Alexandra","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":856399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Markon, Carl J. markon@usgs.gov","contributorId":2499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markon","given":"Carl","email":"markon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":856400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hogrefe, Kyle R. khogrefe@usgs.gov","contributorId":4264,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hogrefe","given":"Kyle","email":"khogrefe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":856401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70238104,"text":"70238104 - 2022 - Plant community trajectories following livestock exclusion for conservation vary and hinge on initial invasion and soil-biocrust conditions in shrub steppe","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-15T15:37:49.27015","indexId":"70238104","displayToPublicDate":"2022-11-03T07:25:01","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5803,"text":"Conservation Science and Practice","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Plant community trajectories following livestock exclusion for conservation vary and hinge on initial invasion and soil-biocrust conditions in shrub steppe","docAbstract":"<div class=\"abstract-group\"><div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p>Adjustments or complete withdrawal of livestock grazing are among the most common conservation actions in semiarid uplands, but outcomes can vary considerably with ecological context. Invasion by exotic annual grasses and the excessive wildfire they promote are increasing threats to semiarid shrub-steppe, and plant-community response to livestock exclusion in these areas may be complicated by the rapid colonization ability of invaders. We evaluated vegetation-community changes over 14-year interval (2007–2021) in a shrub-steppe landscape where a &gt;100-year history of livestock grazing had been terminated in 1996. Field surveys revealed that bare-soil exposure decreased &gt;20% over the 14 years owing to biomass accumulation, but this was primarily due to large increases in exotic annual “cheatgrass” (<i>Bromus tectorum</i>, +1.8-fold) and the litter it produces (+1.5-fold). Soil biocrusts increased 11.9% and perennial bunchgrasses increased 3% over the 14 years. These community changes varied at the patch scale and entailed inverse relationships of (1) both cheatgrass and biocrusts to plant-community basal cover, (2) cheatgrass to both biocrusts and perennial grasses, and (3) biocrusts to cheatgrass and litter. The spatiotemporal variability in vegetation constituted changes in plant-community states, according to cluster analysis. The modeled probability of a community transitioning to a cheatgrass state was (1) strongly and positively related to the initial (2007) cover of cheatgrass in hotspots where initial cheatgrass cover was &gt;20%, and (2) negatively related to biocrust cover where initial biocrust cover was &gt;4% of ground area. The decision space for this landscape can be framed as a shifting from acceptance towards resisting further degradation by removing livestock and their trampling of soil surfaces and utilization of perennial herbs. However, cheatgrass appears to be the most impactful agent of change and continued invasion appears imminent. Active restoration may help resist further degradation and direct change towards tolerable conditions.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Conservation Biology","doi":"10.1111/csp2.12838","usgsCitation":"Germino, M., Kluender, C.R., and Anthony, C.R., 2022, Plant community trajectories following livestock exclusion for conservation vary and hinge on initial invasion and soil-biocrust conditions in shrub steppe: Conservation Science and Practice, v. 4, no. 12, e12838, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.12838.","productDescription":"e12838, 14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-138776","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":445949,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.12838","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435629,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9SO99W8","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Vegetation and soil cover data for long-term monitoring plots within Browns Park National Wildlife Refuge, Colorado, USA"},{"id":409290,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","county":"Moffat County","otherGeospatial":"Browns Park National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -109.04917851176388,\n              40.831912228720284\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.0482710374729,\n              40.80650230407173\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.04010376885081,\n              40.802380858575475\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.02513044304374,\n              40.79001498646366\n            ],\n        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   [\n              -109.04917851176388,\n              40.831912228720284\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-11-03","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Germino, Matthew J. 0000-0001-6326-7579 mgermino@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6326-7579","contributorId":152582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Germino","given":"Matthew J.","email":"mgermino@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":856869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kluender, Chad Raymond 0000-0002-4108-4437","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4108-4437","contributorId":296077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kluender","given":"Chad","email":"","middleInitial":"Raymond","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":856870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anthony, Christopher R. 0000-0003-0968-224X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0968-224X","contributorId":296314,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anthony","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":856871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70237965,"text":"ofr20221078 - 2022 - Abundance of eelgrass (Zostera marina) at key Black Brant (Branta bernicla nigricans) wintering sites along the northern Pacific coast of Baja California, Mexico, 1998–2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-18T20:02:25.588335","indexId":"ofr20221078","displayToPublicDate":"2022-11-03T07:10:46","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2022-1078","displayTitle":"Abundance of Eelgrass (<em>Zostera marina</em>) at Key Black Brant (<em>Branta bernicla nigricans</em>) Wintering Sites Along the Northern Pacific Coast of Baja California, Mexico, 1998–2012","title":"Abundance of eelgrass (Zostera marina) at key Black Brant (Branta bernicla nigricans) wintering sites along the northern Pacific coast of Baja California, Mexico, 1998–2012","docAbstract":"<p class=\"p1\">Trends in the abundance and distribution of eelgrass (<i>Zostera marina</i>), the primary winter forage of black brant (<i>Branta bernicla nigricans</i>), was evaluated at three major wintering sites for black brant along the northern Pacific coast of Baja California, Mexico. This region of northwestern Mexico contains significant beds of eelgrass that were showing signs of decline, which may negatively affect the Pacific flyway population of black brant. Embayment-wide surveys of eelgrass were conducted at Bahia San Quintin (BSQ), Laguna Ojo de Liebre (LOL), and Laguna San Ignacio (LSI) between 1998 and 2012 to estimate baselines and trends in the distribution and abundance of this seagrass in Mexico. Eelgrass was the most abundant and frequently encountered seagrass in each site across survey years. Density and aboveground biomass of eelgrass was greater in BSQ than in LOL and LSI while abundance of widgeongrass (<i>Ruppia maritima</i>), a secondary source of food for brant, was greatest in LSI across survey years. Widgeongrass occurred higher in the intertidal zone than did eelgrass in all embayments, and both seagrasses generally shifted to lower water depths along a southward latitudinal gradient. A negative temporal trend in abundance of seagrasses was detected in BSQ that appeared linked to impacts of climate warming and an increase in macroalgae populations. Decreases in abundance of seagrasses were also detected in LOL and LSI, although long-term trends were less certain in LOL. Overall, declines in abundance of eelgrass in Baja California may be influencing the ongoing shift in the winter distribution of brant to areas north of the Mexican border.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20221078","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Ward, D.H., 2022, Abundance of eelgrass (Zostera marina) at key Black Brant (Branta bernicla nigricans) wintering sites along the northern Pacific coast of Baja California, Mexico, 1998–2012: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2022–1078, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20221078.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 15 p.; 2 Data Releases","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-135227","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":409019,"rank":5,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9WEK4JI","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release.","linkHelpText":"Mapping data of eelgrass (<em>Zostera marina</em>) distribution, Alaska and Baja California, Mexico"},{"id":409018,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9H4LBP3","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release.","linkHelpText":"Point sampling data for eelgrass (<em>Zostera marina</em>) and widgeongrass (<em>Ruppia maritima</em>) abundance in embayments of the north Pacific coast of Baja California, Mexico, 1998–2012"},{"id":409021,"rank":7,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2022/1078/ofr20221078.XML"},{"id":409020,"rank":6,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2022/1078/images"},{"id":409042,"rank":8,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20221004","text":"OFR 2022-1004 —","description":"OFR 2022-1004","linkHelpText":"Spatial extent of seagrasses (<em>Zostera marina</em> and <em>Ruppia maritima</em>) along the central Pacific coast of Baja California, Mexico, 1999–2000"},{"id":409015,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2022/1078/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":409017,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20221078/full","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"OFR 2022-1078"},{"id":409016,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2022/1078/ofr20221078.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2022-1078"}],"country":"Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Baja California","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -115.34490212994275,\n              28.246325178662076\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.34490212994275,\n              26.352495017715754\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.76335916119284,\n              26.352495017715754\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.76335916119284,\n              28.246325178662076\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.34490212994275,\n              28.246325178662076\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","contact":"<p>Director, <a href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/asc/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/asc/\">Alaska Science Center</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>4210 University Drive<br>Anchorage, Alaska 99508</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Acknowledgments</li><li>Abstract</li><li>Introduction</li><li>Methods</li><li>Results and Discussion</li><li>Conclusion</li><li>References Cited</li></ul>","publishedDate":"2022-11-03","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-11-03","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ward, David H. 0000-0002-5242-2526 dward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5242-2526","contributorId":3247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"David","email":"dward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":856397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70238071,"text":"70238071 - 2022 - Bulk and intramolecular carbon isotopic compositions of hydrocarbon gases from laboratory pyrolysis of oil shale of the Green River Formation: Implications for isotope structures of kerogens","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-08T12:56:15.194903","indexId":"70238071","displayToPublicDate":"2022-11-03T06:49:55","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2033,"text":"International Journal of Coal Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bulk and intramolecular carbon isotopic compositions of hydrocarbon gases from laboratory pyrolysis of oil shale of the Green River Formation: Implications for isotope structures of kerogens","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-serif\"><div id=\"ab0005\" class=\"abstract author\" lang=\"en\"><div id=\"as0005\"><p id=\"sp0085\">Evaluation of intramolecular isotope distributions within organic compounds can provide important insights into gas formation processes and structural properties of gas-generating precursors, such as kerogen, bitumen, and oil, in natural reservoirs. Until recently, little has been known about the intramolecular isotope distributions within kerogens. In this study, we conducted systematic pyrolysis experiments of gas generation from a lacustrine oil shale of the Eocene Green River Formation under hydrous and anhydrous conditions (equivalent maturity or Easy %R<sub>o</sub>: 0.76 to 3.27 at 310 to 480&nbsp;°C for 3 to 50&nbsp;days), measuring gas yields and compositions, as well as bulk and position-specific (PS) carbon isotope compositions. Gas generation processes were investigated in combination with kinetic Monte Carlo (kMC) simulations on a model Type I kerogen based on the chemical structures of oil shale of the Green River Formation. The comparison of our experimental results with kMC modelling indicates a series of β-scission, radical isomerization, and recombination reactions better represent the bulk isotope compositions of propane in the pyrolysis of the oil shale of the Green River Formation, but the ΔC<sub>c-t</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>(= δ<sup>13</sup>C<sub>cen</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>– δ<sup>13</sup>C<sub>ter</sub>) values of propane at Easy %R<sub>o</sub>&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;1.5 can be better simulated by a simple combination of propyl groups with H radicals. Combining our previous works on marine shale of the Woodford Formation and Springfield Coal Member of the Carbondale Formation, PS carbon isotopes of propane indicate that in the lacustrine shales of the Green River Formation and the marine Woodford Shale, propane is sourced from C<img src=\"https://sdfestaticassets-us-east-1.sciencedirectassets.com/shared-assets/55/entities/sbnd.gif\" alt=\"single bond\" data-mce-src=\"https://sdfestaticassets-us-east-1.sciencedirectassets.com/shared-assets/55/entities/sbnd.gif\">C bond cleavage, while C<img src=\"https://sdfestaticassets-us-east-1.sciencedirectassets.com/shared-assets/55/entities/sbnd.gif\" alt=\"single bond\" data-mce-src=\"https://sdfestaticassets-us-east-1.sciencedirectassets.com/shared-assets/55/entities/sbnd.gif\">O bond cracking generates propane from coal at the initial kerogen cracking stage. At high maturity, the differences of late-stage propane production among the source rocks lead to the different bulk and PS C kinetic isotope effects of propane. Our findings suggest that the δ<sup>13</sup>C at the terminal position of propane precursors is likely up to 3.6‰ higher than at the central position in the Green River kerogen, while they are similar in the marine shale of Woodford Formation. In addition, the δ<sup>13</sup>C at the central position of propyl groups attached to heteroatom compounds is relatively more positive in the Springfield Coal Member of the Carbondale Formation than in Green River kerogen. A comparison of intramolecular C isotopes of propyl groups in the kerogens with their bulk δ<sup>13</sup>C, based on the PS δ<sup>13</sup>C of early-generated propane, contributes to our understanding of heterogeneities of isotopic structures of sedimentary organic matter.</p></div></div></div><ul id=\"issue-navigation\" class=\"issue-navigation u-margin-s-bottom u-bg-grey1\"></ul>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.coal.2022.104141","usgsCitation":"Li, X., Birdwell, J.E., and Horita, J., 2022, Bulk and intramolecular carbon isotopic compositions of hydrocarbon gases from laboratory pyrolysis of oil shale of the Green River Formation: Implications for isotope structures of kerogens: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 264, 104141, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2022.104141.","productDescription":"104141, 14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-142309","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":409228,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"264","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Li, Xiaoqiang","contributorId":298943,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Xiaoqiang","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36331,"text":"Texas Tech University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Birdwell, Justin E. 0000-0001-8263-1452 jbirdwell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8263-1452","contributorId":3302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Birdwell","given":"Justin","email":"jbirdwell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":569,"text":"Southwest Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":856754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Horita, Juske","contributorId":146205,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Horita","given":"Juske","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16625,"text":"Department of Geosciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70238002,"text":"70238002 - 2022 - Backpack electrofishing does not contribute to external signs of gas bubble trauma in sculpins","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-15T15:13:37.966307","indexId":"70238002","displayToPublicDate":"2022-11-02T17:07:44","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":12812,"text":"Aquaculture, Fish and Fisheries","onlineIssn":"2693-8847","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Backpack electrofishing does not contribute to external signs of gas bubble trauma in sculpins","docAbstract":"<p><span>We exposed prickly sculpin&nbsp;</span><i>Cottus asper</i><span>&nbsp;and reticulate sculpin&nbsp;</span><i>Cottus perplexus</i><span>&nbsp;to electroshock and sham treatments in a controlled laboratory setting to determine if backpack electrofishing contributed to or exacerbated external signs of gas bubble trauma (GBT) in fish exposed to elevated total dissolved gas (TDG) levels. Fish were exposed to 115, 120 and 125% TDG (measured as percent of saturation) for various amounts of time (24–144&nbsp;h) then subjected to a 5-s electroshock or sham treatment of no electroshock. Fish were examined to determine the incidence of GBT pre- and post-treatment, and all aspects (i.e., dorsal, ventral, left and right sides) of each fish were photographed. Across all TDG levels in all trials, no sculpin showed any change in GBT incidence following treatment. Analysis of GBT signs evident in photographs of 68 fish found no evidence of change in mean pre- and post-treatment gas bubble sizes in fish in any TDG trial, nor were any new gas bubbles found following treatment. We are aware of no physiological mechanism by which backpack electrofishing can cause GBT in sculpin, and as such, we believe using this gear should not increase GBT incidence rates in sculpin.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/aff2.81","usgsCitation":"Tiffan, K.F., and Eller, N.J., 2022, Backpack electrofishing does not contribute to external signs of gas bubble trauma in sculpins: Aquaculture, Fish and Fisheries, v. 2, no. 6, p. 572-577, https://doi.org/10.1002/aff2.81.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"572","endPage":"577","ipdsId":"IP-138493","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":445954,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aff2.81","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":409136,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-11-02","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tiffan, Kenneth F. 0000-0002-5831-2846","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5831-2846","contributorId":220176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tiffan","given":"Kenneth","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":856525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eller, Nicole Joy 0000-0001-8760-8884","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8760-8884","contributorId":265130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eller","given":"Nicole","email":"","middleInitial":"Joy","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":856526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70256714,"text":"70256714 - 2022 - Availability of lesser prairie-chicken nesting habitat impairs restoration success","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-09-03T15:50:06.338446","indexId":"70256714","displayToPublicDate":"2022-11-02T10:44:30","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Availability of lesser prairie-chicken nesting habitat impairs restoration success","docAbstract":"<p><span>Regional populations of lesser prairie-chickens (</span><i>Tympanuchus pallidicinctus</i><span>) have been declining irregularly since the early 1900s (Jensen et al. 2000). Populations in the Sand Sagebrush Prairie Ecoregion of Kansas and Colorado, USA, have been experiencing declines during the last 2 decades. Ecoregion-wide declines included the Cimarron and Comanche National Grasslands in southwestern Kansas and southeastern Colorado, respectively, from which lesser prairie-chickens were nearly extirpated by 2016. In 2014, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)–Forest Service created a vegetation management plan to restore lesser prairie-chicken nesting habitat on the National Grasslands. We used management plan recommendations to evaluate available nesting habitat on National Grasslands and surrounding areas for 394 transmitter-marked lesser prairie-chickens translocated to the Sand Sagebrush Prairie Ecoregion during 2016–2019. We found that a small proportion of vegetation measurements met the USDA–Forest Service's 100% visual obstruction guidelines of 25.4 to 38.1 cm (Cimarron: 5.3–21.8% of observations among cover types; Comanche: 1.5–3.0%), and grass species with a high value for nesting were rare (Cimarron: 0.5–20.1% of observations within each cover type; Comanche: 1.5–3.0%). Lesser prairie-chickens selected for 2 of the 10 National Grasslands' cover types (shrubland state and warm season shortgrass state) during breeding season movements, but only shrubland state was selected for during nesting. Our results indicate that nesting habitat for lesser prairie-chickens is limited on Cimarron and Comanche National Grasslands. As private grassland was also avoided during nesting, lesser prairie-chickens in Baca and Morton counties are currently primarily relying on Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) grasslands to meet nesting habitat thresholds (Morton, KS: 17.7% CRP; Baca, CO: 16.6% CRP), which may be insufficient to sustain a viable population. Due to the impermanence of CRP, efforts to sustain local populations are likely to depend on increased improved lesser prairie-chicken nesting habitat on National Grasslands. Grazing strategies such as rest-rotation and year-long deferments may provide opportunities to restore lesser prairie-chicken habitat on sand sagebrush prairie.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/wsb.1379","usgsCitation":"Berigan, L.A., Aulicky, C., Teige, E.C., Sullins, D., Haukos, D.A., Fricke, K.A., Reitz, J.H., Rossi, L.G., Schultz, K., and Ricketts, A., 2022, Availability of lesser prairie-chicken nesting habitat impairs restoration success: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 46, no. 5, e1379, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.1379.","productDescription":"e1379, 20 p.","ipdsId":"IP-124181","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":445956,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.1379","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":433411,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, Kansas, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -105.67738861641666,\n              32.42366747604686\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.99410350476236,\n              31.953220584250772\n            ],\n            [\n              -99.72460785351899,\n              34.75966422315135\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.12004323111174,\n              37.918001462360536\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.77719995504461,\n              39.82230052761457\n            ],\n            [\n              -102.81137263180054,\n              39.830766635473395\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.74257069017122,\n              38.89525754328761\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.0389680340239,\n              36.79263140774131\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.67738861641666,\n              32.42366747604686\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"46","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-11-02","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berigan, Liam A.","contributorId":341138,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Berigan","given":"Liam","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12661,"text":"Kansas State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":908750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aulicky, Carly S. H.","contributorId":340895,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Aulicky","given":"Carly S. H.","affiliations":[{"id":12661,"text":"Kansas State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":908751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Teige, Elisabeth C. 0000-0003-1553-792X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1553-792X","contributorId":331175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Teige","given":"Elisabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":908752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sullins, Daniel S.","contributorId":341254,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sullins","given":"Daniel S.","affiliations":[{"id":12661,"text":"Kansas State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":908753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Haukos, David A. 0000-0001-5372-9960 dhaukos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5372-9960","contributorId":3664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haukos","given":"David","email":"dhaukos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":908749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Fricke, Kent A.","contributorId":341610,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fricke","given":"Kent","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":61790,"text":"Kansas Department of Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":908754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Reitz, Jonathan H.","contributorId":341143,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reitz","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":39887,"text":"Colorado Parks and Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":908755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Rossi, Liza G.","contributorId":341144,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rossi","given":"Liza","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":39887,"text":"Colorado Parks and Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":908756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Schultz, Kraig A.","contributorId":340898,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schultz","given":"Kraig A.","affiliations":[{"id":81167,"text":"Kansas Department of Wildlife and Parks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":908757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Ricketts, Andrew","contributorId":288532,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ricketts","given":"Andrew","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":61791,"text":"Wildlife and Outdoor Enterprise Management, Department of Horticulture and Natural Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":908758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70237852,"text":"ofr20221085 - 2022 - Systematic mapping of the ocean-continent transform plate boundary of the Queen Charlotte fault system, southeastern Alaska and western British Columbia—A preliminary bathymetric terrain model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-30T20:38:03.192379","indexId":"ofr20221085","displayToPublicDate":"2022-11-02T08:15:00","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2022-1085","displayTitle":"Systematic Mapping of the Ocean-Continent Transform Plate Boundary of the Queen Charlotte Fault System, Southeastern Alaska and Western British Columbia—A Preliminary Bathymetric Terrain Model","title":"Systematic mapping of the ocean-continent transform plate boundary of the Queen Charlotte fault system, southeastern Alaska and western British Columbia—A preliminary bathymetric terrain model","docAbstract":"<p>In 2015, U.S. Geological Survey scientists in collaboration with scientists from other institutions began a study of the Queen Charlotte fault—the first systematic study of the fault in more than three decades. The primary goal of the study was to gain a better understanding of the earthquake, tsunami, and underwater-landslide hazards throughout southeastern Alaska, as well as gather data to develop geologic models that can be applied to similar plate boundaries around the globe, such as the San Andreas fault system in southern California, the Alpine fault in New Zealand, and the North Anatolian fault in Turkey. A bathymetric terrain model was compiled from six different multibeam surveys of the previously unmapped Queen Charlotte fault offshore of southeastern Alaska and Haida Gwaii archipelago.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20221085","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration","usgsCitation":"Andrews, B.D., Brothers, D.S., Dartnell, P., Barrie, J.V., Haeussler, P.J., Green, K.M., Greene, H.G., Miller, N.C., Kluesner, J.W., and ten Brink, U.S., 2022, Systematic mapping of the ocean-continent transform plate boundary of the Queen Charlotte fault system, southeastern Alaska and western British Columbia—A preliminary bathymetric terrain model: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2022–1085, 2 sheets, 7-p. pamphlet, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20221085.","productDescription":"Pamphlet: iii, 7 p.; 2 Sheets: 60.50 × 42.50 inches and 60.00 × 42.00 inches; Data Release","numberOfPages":"7","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-128196","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":501832,"rank":9,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_113792.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":408793,"rank":7,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2022/1085/ofr20221085_sheet2.pdf","text":"Sheet 2","size":"101 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"- Contents of sheet replicated in the HTML version of the report linked to above"},{"id":408792,"rank":6,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2022/1085/ofr20221085_sheet1.pdf","text":"Sheet 1","size":"72.3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"- Contents of sheet replicated in the HTML version of the report linked to above"},{"id":408791,"rank":5,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2022/1085/images/"},{"id":408787,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2022/1085/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":408788,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2022/1085/ofr20221085_pamphlet.pdf","text":"Pamphlet","size":"5.30 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2022-1085"},{"id":408790,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2022/1085/ofr20221085.XML"},{"id":408789,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20221085/full","text":"Pamphlet","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"OFR 2022-1085"},{"id":408794,"rank":8,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9YGDHIQ","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"A bathymetric terrain model of multibeam sonar data collected between 2005 and 2018 along the Queen Charlotte fault system in the eastern Gulf of Alaska from Cross Sound, Alaska, to Queen Charlotte Sound, Canada"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alaska, British Columbia","otherGeospatial":"Queen Charlotte Fault","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -140.92029001527425,\n              58\n            ],\n            [\n              -140.92029001527425,\n              46.46240819189495\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.69923324285543,\n              46.46240819189495\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.69923324285543,\n              58\n            ],\n            [\n              -140.92029001527425,\n              58\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","contact":"<p><a href=\"mailto:WHSC_science_director@usgs.gov\" data-mce-href=\"mailto:WHSC_science_director@usgs.gov\">Director</a>, <a href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/whcmsc\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/whcmsc\">Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>384 Woods Hole Road<br>Quissett Campus<br>Woods Hole, MA 02543–1598</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Abstract</li><li>Introduction</li><li>References Cited</li></ul>","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"publishedDate":"2022-11-02","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-11-02","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Andrews, Brian D. 0000-0003-1024-9400 bandrews@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1024-9400","contributorId":201662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrews","given":"Brian","email":"bandrews@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":855906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brothers, Daniel S. 0000-0001-7702-157X dbrothers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7702-157X","contributorId":167089,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brothers","given":"Daniel","email":"dbrothers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":855907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dartnell, Peter 0000-0002-9554-729X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9554-729X","contributorId":208208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dartnell","given":"Peter","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":855908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Barrie, J. Vaughn","contributorId":298573,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barrie","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Vaughn","affiliations":[{"id":7219,"text":"Natural Resources Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":855909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Haeussler, Peter J. 0000-0002-1503-6247","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-6247","contributorId":219956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeussler","given":"Peter J.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":855910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Green, Kristen M.","contributorId":298574,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Green","given":"Kristen","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":7058,"text":"Alaska Department of Fish and Game","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":855911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Greene, H. Gary","contributorId":139063,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Greene","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"Gary","affiliations":[{"id":12639,"text":"Moss Landing Marine Labs","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":855912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Miller, Nathaniel C. 0000-0003-3271-2929 ncmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3271-2929","contributorId":174592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Nathaniel","email":"ncmiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":855913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Kluesner, Jared W. 0000-0003-1701-8832 jkluesner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1701-8832","contributorId":201261,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kluesner","given":"Jared","email":"jkluesner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":855914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"ten Brink, Uri S. 0000-0001-6858-3001","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6858-3001","contributorId":201741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"ten Brink","given":"Uri","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":855915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70238083,"text":"70238083 - 2022 - Unified methods in collecting, preserving, and archiving coral bleaching and restoration specimens to increase sample utility and interdisciplinary collaboration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-09T12:45:49.656436","indexId":"70238083","displayToPublicDate":"2022-11-02T06:44:01","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3840,"text":"PeerJ","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Unified methods in collecting, preserving, and archiving coral bleaching and restoration specimens to increase sample utility and interdisciplinary collaboration","docAbstract":"<div class=\"abstract\"><p>Coral reefs are declining worldwide primarily because of bleaching and subsequent mortality resulting from thermal stress. Currently, extensive efforts to engage in more holistic research and restoration endeavors have considerably expanded the techniques applied to examine coral samples. Despite such advances, coral bleaching and restoration studies are often conducted within a specific disciplinary focus, where specimens are collected, preserved, and archived in ways that are not always conducive to further downstream analyses by specialists in other disciplines. This approach may prevent the full utilization of unexpended specimens, leading to siloed research, duplicative efforts, unnecessary loss of additional corals to research endeavors, and overall increased costs. A recent US National Science Foundation-sponsored workshop set out to consolidate our collective knowledge across the disciplines of Omics, Physiology, and Microscopy and Imaging regarding the methods used for coral sample collection, preservation, and archiving. Here, we highlight knowledge gaps and propose some simple steps for collecting, preserving, and archiving coral-bleaching specimens that can increase the impact of individual coral bleaching and restoration studies, as well as foster additional analyses and future discoveries through collaboration. Rapid freezing of samples in liquid nitrogen or placing at −80 °C to −20 °C is optimal for most Omics and Physiology studies with a few exceptions; however, freezing samples removes the potential for many Microscopy and Imaging-based analyses due to the alteration of tissue integrity during freezing. For Microscopy and Imaging, samples are best stored in aldehydes. The use of sterile gloves and receptacles during collection supports the downstream analysis of host-associated bacterial and viral communities which are particularly germane to disease and restoration efforts. Across all disciplines, the use of aseptic techniques during collection, preservation, and archiving maximizes the research potential of coral specimens and allows for the greatest number of possible downstream analyses.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Peer J","doi":"10.7717/peerj.14176","usgsCitation":"Vega Thurber, R., Schmeltzer, E.R., Grottoli, A.G., van Woesik, R., Toonen, R.J., Warner, M., Dobson, K., McLachlan, R., Barott, K.L., Barshis, D., Baumann, J.H., Chapron, L., Combosch, D.J., Correa, A.M., DeCarlo, T.M., Hagedorn, M., Hedouin, L., Hoadley, K.D., Felis, T., Ferrier-Pages, C., Kenkel, C.D., Kuffner, I.B., Matthews, J., Medina, M., Meyer, C., Oster, C., Price, J., Putnam, H.M., and Sawall, Y., 2022, Unified methods in collecting, preserving, and archiving coral bleaching and restoration specimens to increase sample utility and interdisciplinary collaboration: PeerJ, v. 10, e14176, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.14176.","productDescription":"e14176, 32 p.","ipdsId":"IP-135634","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":445957,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.14176","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":409256,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-11-02","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vega Thurber, R.","contributorId":267956,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vega Thurber","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmeltzer, E R","contributorId":298963,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schmeltzer","given":"E","email":"","middleInitial":"R","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grottoli, A G","contributorId":298964,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grottoli","given":"A","email":"","middleInitial":"G","affiliations":[{"id":18155,"text":"The Ohio State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"van Woesik, R.","contributorId":40820,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"van Woesik","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":856785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Toonen, R. J.","contributorId":267954,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Toonen","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":36402,"text":"University of Hawaii","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Warner, M E","contributorId":298969,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Warner","given":"M E","affiliations":[{"id":13359,"text":"University of Delaware","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dobson, K L","contributorId":298970,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dobson","given":"K L","affiliations":[{"id":18155,"text":"The Ohio State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"McLachlan, R H","contributorId":298973,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McLachlan","given":"R H","affiliations":[{"id":18155,"text":"The Ohio State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Barott, K. 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,{"id":70238161,"text":"70238161 - 2022 - Contemporary (1984–2020) fire history metrics for the conterminous United States and ecoregional differences by land ownership","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-28T16:46:17.662436","indexId":"70238161","displayToPublicDate":"2022-11-02T06:34:56","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2083,"text":"International Journal of Wildland Fire","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Contemporary (1984–2020) fire history metrics for the conterminous United States and ecoregional differences by land ownership","docAbstract":"<p><strong>Background:<span>&nbsp;</span></strong>Remotely sensed burned area products are critical to support fire modelling, policy, and management but often require further processing before use.</p><p><strong>Aim:<span>&nbsp;</span></strong>We calculated fire history metrics from the Landsat Burned Area Product (1984–2020) across the conterminous U.S. (CONUS) including (1) fire frequency, (2) time since last burn (TSLB), (3) year of last burn, (4) longest fire-free interval, (5) average fire interval length, and (6) contemporary fire return interval (cFRI).</p><p><strong>Methods:<span>&nbsp;</span></strong>Metrics were summarised by ecoregion and land ownership, and related to historical and cheatgrass datasets to demonstrate further applications of the products.</p><p><strong>Key results:<span>&nbsp;</span></strong>The proportion burned ranged from 0.7% in the Northeast Mixed Woods to 74.1% in the Kansas Flint Hills. The Flint Hills and Temperate Prairies showed the highest burn frequency, while the Flint Hills and the Sierra Nevada and Klamath Mountains showed the shortest TSLB. Compared to private, public land had greater burned area (19 of 31 ecoregions) and shorter cFRI (25 of 31 ecoregions).</p><p><strong>Conclusions:<span>&nbsp;</span></strong>Contemporary fire history metrics can help characterise recent fire regimes across CONUS.</p><p><strong>Implications:<span>&nbsp;</span></strong>In regions with frequent fire, comparison of contemporary with target fire regimes or invasive species datasets enables the efficient incorporation of burned area data into decision-making.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"CSIRO Publishing","doi":"10.1071/WF22044","usgsCitation":"Vanderhoof, M.K., Hawbaker, T., Teske, C., Noble, J., and Smith, J., 2022, Contemporary (1984–2020) fire history metrics for the conterminous United States and ecoregional differences by land ownership: International Journal of Wildland Fire, v. 31, no. 12, p. 1167-1183, https://doi.org/10.1071/WF22044.","productDescription":"17 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Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":857021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hawbaker, Todd 0000-0003-0930-9154 tjhawbaker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0930-9154","contributorId":568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hawbaker","given":"Todd","email":"tjhawbaker@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":547,"text":"Rocky Mountain Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":857022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Teske, Casey","contributorId":224732,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Teske","given":"Casey","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36874,"text":"Tall Timbers Research Station","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":857023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Noble, Joe","contributorId":257938,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Noble","given":"Joe","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36874,"text":"Tall Timbers Research Station","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":857024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Smith, Jim","contributorId":191054,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Jim","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":857025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70237996,"text":"70237996 - 2022 - Affinity of the benthic foraminifer Cassidulinoides parkeriana (Brady) for whale-falls: Evidence from off western Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-01T16:17:42.428534","indexId":"70237996","displayToPublicDate":"2022-11-01T17:28:27","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2735,"text":"Micropaleontology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Affinity of the benthic foraminifer <i>Cassidulinoides parkeriana</i> (Brady) for whale-falls: Evidence from off western Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada","title":"Affinity of the benthic foraminifer Cassidulinoides parkeriana (Brady) for whale-falls: Evidence from off western Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada","docAbstract":"<p><span>A partial skeleton of a blue or fin whale, estimated to have been 16.5 m in length and thought to have been lying on the seafloor for less than 10 years, was observed at a depth of 1288 m off western Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada (48.68° N, 126.84° W). Four push cores were taken at the site, three (15-26 cm in length) directly under caudal vertebrae and one 18 cm long, considered a reference, 15 m away, in order to characterize changes in the benthic foraminiferal assemblage due to the whale-fall. A Q-mode cluster analysis identified four groupings, separating the surface and deeper samples of both the whale-fall and reference cores. The results of a metric multi-dimensional scaling plot and permutational multivariate analysis of variance test of the surface samples also suggest there was a significant difference between the whale-fall and reference core benthic foraminiferal faunas. No endemic species were recovered. Downcore samples below 6 cm in the whale-fall and reference cores were characterized by common <i>Uvigerina peregrina</i>, <i>Pseudoparrella pacifica</i>, <i>Bolivina spissa</i>, <i>Bulimina striata</i>, and <i>Takayanagia delicata</i>. In contrast, <i>Cassidulinoides parkeriana</i>, which typically is a minor component of benthic foraminiferal assemblages, dominated the upper 6 cm of the whale-fall cores, whereas the low oxygen-tolerant species <i>T. delicata</i> dominated the same interval in the reference core. The dramatic increase in abundance of <i>C. parkeriana</i> in the upper sediments below this whale-fall, as well as at the Torishima Seamount whale-fall site off Japan, indicate that it is an opportunistic species well adapted to taking advantage of unpredictable and highly localized tropic windfalls such as whale-falls. To our knowledge, this is the first benthic foraminiferal species shown to increase dramatically in abundance in the presence of a whale-fall. Additionally, modern fragments of whale bones occurring as deep as 12 to 15 cm downcore at the western Vancouver Island site demonstrate the effect of bioturbation by invertebrate scavengers that consume whale carcasses, indicating that detailed biostratigraphic records below whale-falls should be interpreted with caution.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Micropaleontology Press","doi":"10.47894/mpal.68.6.03","usgsCitation":"McGann, M., and Paull, C.K., 2022, Affinity of the benthic foraminifer Cassidulinoides parkeriana (Brady) for whale-falls: Evidence from off western Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada: Micropaleontology, v. 68, no. 6, p. 569-586, https://doi.org/10.47894/mpal.68.6.03.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"569","endPage":"586","ipdsId":"IP-131051","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":409137,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada","otherGeospatial":"Pacific Ocean, Vancouver Island","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -127,\n              48.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -127,\n              48.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -126.75,\n              48.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -126.75,\n              48.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -127,\n              48.75\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"68","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McGann, Mary 0000-0002-3057-2945 mmcgann@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3057-2945","contributorId":169540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGann","given":"Mary","email":"mmcgann@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":856474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Paull, Charles K. 0000-0001-5940-3443","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5940-3443","contributorId":55825,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paull","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":7043,"text":"University of North Carolina","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":856475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70238678,"text":"70238678 - 2022 - Geologic map of the Mount Blue Sky (formerly Mount Evans) quadrangle, Clear Creek and Park Counties, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-12-12T19:04:46.137756","indexId":"70238678","displayToPublicDate":"2022-11-01T11:37:18","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":128,"text":"Open-File Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"OF-22-11","title":"Geologic map of the Mount Blue Sky (formerly Mount Evans) quadrangle, Clear Creek and Park Counties, Colorado","docAbstract":"<p>The Mount Blue Sky (formerly Mount Evans) 7.5’ quadrangle lies in Park and Clear Creek counties, Colorado, about 60 km west of Denver. The highest elevation in the quadrangle is 14,265 ft (4,348 m) at the top of Mount Blue Sky. The lowest is at about 9,200 ft (2,804 m) on Guanella Pass Road at the southern edge of the quadrangle. Bedrock directly underlies most of the map area, with surficial deposits primarily in the valleys. The geology of the quadrangle was previously mapped at 1:100,000 scale as part of a regional compilation by Kellogg and others (2008). The oldest rocks in the Mount Blue Sky 7.5-minute quadrangle are Paleoproterozoic metasedimentary rocks, and mafic to felsic metaigneous rocks (all units starting with ‘X’ on Plate 1). These rocks were metamorphosed under upper amphibolite facies conditions and intruded by Mesoproterozoic felsic igneous rocks of the ~1442 Ma Mount Blue Sky (YgR, Yt, Ygdm, Ymgm and ~1424 Ma Silver Plume (Yg) batholiths (Spurr and others, 1908; Tweto, 1897; Aleinikoff and others, 1993; du Bray and others, 2018) and, in the southern part of the quadrangle, by rocks that may also be part of the Mount Blue Sky batholith, but may alternatively interpreted as part of the ~1115 Ma to ~1066 Ma Pikes Peak batholith (Unruh and others, 1995; Guitreau and others, 2016). Four generations of folds affected the area. The oldest, F1 folds are isoclinal of various orientations, but primarily northerly-plunging in the southern part of the quadrangle (Mahatma, 2019; Mahatma and others, 2022). In the northern part of the quadrangle (Powell, 2020), open to close F2 chevron folds exist with various orientations. F3 folds in the northern part of the quadrangle are open to close with upright axial planes and plunges to the north and south, and in the southern part of the quadrangle they are open centimeter- to meter- scale northerly-plunging folds, possibly overprinted by another generation of northerly-plunging folds based on orientations of axial planes (F2 and F3 of Mahatma and others, 2022). F4 folds throughout the quadrangle are open to gentle with upright axial planes and shallow plunges to the east and west. The Mount Blue Sky batholith displays a pervasive moderately NW-dipping biotite-hornblende foliation (Fig. 1) in addition to a flow foliation near the margins, indicating NW-directed shortening after ~1442 Ma (Powell, 2020). The relationship between this foliation and the folds is not clear. Various joint sets are present in the area. The most pervasive joint set strikes 355°-020° and is subvertical. It is best developed in the western to southwestern part of the map area, and may be related to late Cenozoic extension associated with the Rio Grande Rift. Joint orientations are generally consistent with the trends of topographical lineaments. Surficial deposits include two series of glacial till deposits (Qtb and Qtp), and outwash (Qgp) deposits. They correlate with the Bull Lake (170-120 ka) and Pinedale (30-12 ka) glacial periods (Dahms, 2004) based on original depositional morphology, geomorphic and topographic position, deposit weathering and pedogenic properties. Possible older glacial deposits (Qti) have been observed along topographically higher surfaces.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Colorado Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Powell, L., Mahatma, A.A., Kuiper, Y., and Ruleman, C.A., 2022, Geologic map of the Mount Blue Sky (formerly Mount Evans) quadrangle, Clear Creek and Park Counties, Colorado: Open-File Report OF-22-11, 2 Plates: 33.00 x 31.50 inches and 41.00 x 31.00 inches: Data Files.","productDescription":"2 Plates: 33.00 x 31.50 inches and 41.00 x 31.00 inches: Data Files","ipdsId":"IP-139573","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":413293,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":413292,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/geologic-map-mount-evans-quadrangle-clear-creek-park-colorado/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Mount Evans quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -105.75,\n              39.625\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.75,\n              39.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.625,\n              39.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.625,\n              39.625\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.75,\n              39.625\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Powell, Logan 0000-0002-0528-3092 ljpowell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0528-3092","contributorId":299647,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Powell","given":"Logan","email":"ljpowell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":64912,"text":"Colorado School of Mines MS Graduate","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":858245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mahatma, Asha A.","contributorId":299648,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mahatma","given":"Asha","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":64913,"text":"Colorado School of Mines PhD Graduate","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":858246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kuiper, Yvette 0000-0002-8506-8180","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8506-8180","contributorId":299649,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kuiper","given":"Yvette","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6606,"text":"Colorado School of Mines","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":858247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ruleman, Chester A. 0000-0002-1503-4591 cruleman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-4591","contributorId":1264,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruleman","given":"Chester","email":"cruleman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":858248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70262187,"text":"70262187 - 2022 - Evaluation of host fishes for the Brook Floater (Alasmidonta varicosa) from populations in Massachusetts and Maine, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-15T17:26:32.534473","indexId":"70262187","displayToPublicDate":"2022-11-01T11:26:14","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"displayTitle":"Evaluation of host fishes for the Brook Floater (<i>Alasmidonta varicosa</i>) from populations in Massachusetts and Maine, USA","title":"Evaluation of host fishes for the Brook Floater (Alasmidonta varicosa) from populations in Massachusetts and Maine, USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Brook Floater (</span><i>Alasmidonta varicosa</i><span>) mussel is globally vulnerable and has disappeared from much of its historical range. Information on Brook Floater host fish use is needed for ecological and conservation purposes, but previous laboratory studies provide conflicting results. We evaluated host fish use by Brook Floater from populations in Massachusetts and Maine, USA. We conducted three experiments using a total of 10 fish species from six families, and we estimated glochidial attachment rate and juvenile metamorphosis rate. Across fish species, attachment ranged from 51.0% to 84.6% and metamorphosis ranged from 4.9% to 80.9%. Fish species and inoculation density (viable glochidia/mL) only weakly predicted attachment, and the number of glochidia that attached to fish did not affect metamorphosis rate. Juvenile metamorphosis was successful on all fish species tested, supporting evidence that Brook Floater is a host generalist. Fish species was an important factor in predicting metamorphosis rates in all experiments. The highest metamorphosis was on Slimy Sculpin (</span><i>Cottus cognatus</i><span>) (80.9% ± 2.6 SD) and Brook Trout (</span><i>Salvelinus fontinalis</i><span>) (71.6%), but metamorphosis on Brook Trout varied according to source and was lowest on hatchery-raised fish (12.8% ± 0.3 SD). These data contribute to our understanding of the life history of Brook Floater by identifying potential host fishes, and our results can inform propagation efforts for this species in the northeastern USA.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.31931/fmbc-d-21-00011","usgsCitation":"Skorupa, A., Roy, A.H., Hazelton, P., Perkins, D., and Warren, T., 2022, Evaluation of host fishes for the Brook Floater (Alasmidonta varicosa) from populations in Massachusetts and Maine, USA, v. 25, no. 2, p. 91-102, https://doi.org/10.31931/fmbc-d-21-00011.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"91","endPage":"102","ipdsId":"IP-132233","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467150,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.31931/fmbc-d-21-00011","text":"Publisher Index 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,{"id":70239759,"text":"70239759 - 2022 - Coral reef restoration for risk reduction (CR4): A guide to project design and proposal development","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-28T15:49:27.016271","indexId":"70239759","displayToPublicDate":"2022-11-01T10:48:20","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"Coral reef restoration for risk reduction (CR4): A guide to project design and proposal development","docAbstract":"<p>The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), and University of California Santa Cruz (UCSC) are working through the U.S. Coral Reef Task Force to provide guidance on the development of coral reef restoration proposals for federal hazard mitigation funding. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Coral Reef Task Force","usgsCitation":"Stovall, A., Beck, M.W., Storlazzi, C.D., Hayes, J., Reilly, J., Koss, J., and Bausch, D., 2022, Coral reef restoration for risk reduction (CR4): A guide to project design and proposal development, 33 p.","productDescription":"33 p.","ipdsId":"IP-142290","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":427219,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":412020,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.coralreef.gov/resources.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stovall, Austen","contributorId":301024,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stovall","given":"Austen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17620,"text":"UCSC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":861784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beck, Michael W.","contributorId":259298,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beck","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":6949,"text":"University of California, Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":861791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Storlazzi, Curt D. 0000-0001-8057-4490","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8057-4490","contributorId":213610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Storlazzi","given":"Curt","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":861790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hayes, Juliette","contributorId":301025,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hayes","given":"Juliette","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12537,"text":"USACE","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":861787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Reilly, Janan","contributorId":301027,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reilly","given":"Janan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":30786,"text":"FEMA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":861789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Koss, Jennifer","contributorId":301026,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koss","given":"Jennifer","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36803,"text":"NOAA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":861788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bausch, Doug","contributorId":195191,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bausch","given":"Doug","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":34169,"text":"Pacific Disaster Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":861785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70238811,"text":"70238811 - 2022 - Black Oystercatchers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-19T15:47:03.308972","indexId":"70238811","displayToPublicDate":"2022-11-01T10:38:39","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Black Oystercatchers","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"As the condor soars","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Oregon State University Press","usgsCitation":"Elliott-Smith, E., and Liebezeit, J., 2022, Black Oystercatchers, chap. <i>of</i> As the condor soars, p. 122-125.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"122","endPage":"125","ipdsId":"IP-134180","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":483530,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -123.47166594097632,\n              46.20785350159329\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.93469740012455,\n              46.20785350159329\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.93469740012455,\n              42.03217750620149\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.47166594097632,\n              42.03217750620149\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.47166594097632,\n              46.20785350159329\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Haig, Susan M. 0000-0002-6616-7589 susan_haig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6616-7589","contributorId":719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haig","given":"Susan","email":"susan_haig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":931284,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roby, Daniel D. 0000-0001-9844-0992 droby@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9844-0992","contributorId":3702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roby","given":"Daniel","email":"droby@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":931285,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haig, Tashi A.","contributorId":335206,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Haig","given":"Tashi","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":931286,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Elliott-Smith, Elise 0000-0003-1399-0093 eelliott-smith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1399-0093","contributorId":222848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elliott-Smith","given":"Elise","email":"eelliott-smith@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":858766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Liebezeit, Joe","contributorId":216263,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liebezeit","given":"Joe","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36680,"text":"Audubon Society of Portland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":931283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70241560,"text":"70241560 - 2022 - Movements and habitat use of the Florida manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris) in the northern Gulf of Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-23T15:28:04.462673","indexId":"70241560","displayToPublicDate":"2022-11-01T10:23:55","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5709,"text":"OCS Study","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"BOEM 2022-075","displayTitle":"Movements and habitat use of the Florida manatee (<i>Trichechus manatus latirostris</i>) in the northern Gulf of Mexico","title":"Movements and habitat use of the Florida manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris) in the northern Gulf of Mexico","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Bureau of Ocean Energy Management","usgsCitation":"Slone, D., Butler, S.M., Reid, J.P., Beck, C., and Bonde, R., 2022, Movements and habitat use of the Florida manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris) in the northern Gulf of Mexico: OCS Study BOEM 2022-075, xiv, 282 p.","productDescription":"xiv, 282 p.","ipdsId":"IP-124288","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":414620,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":414602,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://espis.boem.gov/final%20reports/BOEM_2022-075.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, Texas","otherGeospatial":"northern Gulf of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -82.72592008470838,\n              27.86728851381187\n            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,{"id":70240970,"text":"70240970 - 2022 - Behavioral responses of native and invasive fishes of the Upper Mississippi River to 100 hp boat motor acoustic stimulus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-03T16:24:42.483833","indexId":"70240970","displayToPublicDate":"2022-11-01T10:17:33","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2655,"text":"Management of Biological Invasions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Behavioral responses of native and invasive fishes of the Upper Mississippi River to 100 hp boat motor acoustic stimulus","docAbstract":"<p><span>Acoustic deterrents are currently being considered for deployment at strategic bottlenecks, such as lock and dams of major rivers, to deter upstream movement of invasive carp. Previous studies have demonstrated that bighead and silver carp (</span><i>Hypophthalmichthys nobilis</i><span>&nbsp;and&nbsp;</span><i>H. molitrix</i><span>, respectively) display negative phonotaxis to playbacks of broadband sound recordings produced from a 100 hp outboard boat motor. However, there is concern that acoustic deterrents may impact the movement of non-target native fishes in the Upper Mississippi River. We evaluated the potential impacts of a broadband underwater acoustic deterrent on native ostariophysans [bigmouth buffalo (</span><i>Ictiobus cyprinellus</i><span>), channel catfish (</span><i>Ictalurus punctatus</i><span>) and fathead minnow (</span><i>Pimephales promelas</i><span>)], invasive ostariophysans [bighead carp, common carp (</span><i>Cyprinus carpio</i><span>), grass carp (</span><i>Ctenopharyngodon idella</i><span>) and silver carp], and native non-ostariophysans [(American eel (</span><i>Anguilla rostrata</i><span>), gizzard shad (</span><i>Dorosoma cepedianum</i><span>), hybrid striped bass (</span><i>M. saxatilis</i><span>&nbsp;×&nbsp;</span><i>M. chrysops</i><span>), lake sturgeon (</span><i>Acipenser fulvescens</i><span>) and paddlefish (</span><i>Polyodon spathula</i><span>)]. Fish were exposed to playback of the broadband sound (60–10000 Hz), and their behavior was evaluated. Bighead carp showed a strong negative phonotaxis response to the stimulus [12.3 ± 7.5 (SD) mean consecutive reactions], silver carp and grass carp showed moderate responses (4.5 ± 5.2 and 3.8 ± 3.5 reactions), and common carp displayed low responses (1.3 ± 1.9 reactions). Of the native fish, bigmouth buffalo (2.1 ± 2.9 reactions) and hybrid striped bass (0.3 ± 0.5 reactions) were the only species to demonstrate observable response to the acoustic stimulus. Based on this small-scale behavioral screening, acoustic deterrents should have minimal impact on native species; however, larger pond and field trials are necessary to confirm this finding.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Regional Euro-Asian Biological Invasions Centre (REABIC)","doi":"10.3391/mbi.2022.13.4.11","usgsCitation":"Murchy, K., Vetter, B.J., Brey, M.K., and Mensinger, A.F., 2022, Behavioral responses of native and invasive fishes of the Upper Mississippi River to 100 hp boat motor acoustic stimulus: Management of Biological Invasions, v. 13, no. 4, p. 750-768, https://doi.org/10.3391/mbi.2022.13.4.11.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"750","endPage":"768","ipdsId":"IP-100082","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":445962,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3391/mbi.2022.13.4.11","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435632,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9A4DG5S","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Native Species Response to 100 HP boat motor acoustic stimulus"},{"id":413668,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","city":"La Crosse","otherGeospatial":"Upper Mississippi River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -91.3004835543801,\n              43.87708421881712\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.3004835543801,\n              43.843591735448996\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.22936746021168,\n              43.843591735448996\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.22936746021168,\n              43.87708421881712\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.3004835543801,\n              43.87708421881712\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"13","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Murchy, Kelsie A.","contributorId":190582,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Murchy","given":"Kelsie A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":865530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vetter, Brooke J","contributorId":192270,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vetter","given":"Brooke","email":"","middleInitial":"J","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":865531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brey, Marybeth K. 0000-0003-4403-9655 mbrey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4403-9655","contributorId":187651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brey","given":"Marybeth","email":"mbrey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":865532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mensinger, Allen F.","contributorId":150852,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mensinger","given":"Allen","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":6915,"text":"University of Minnesota - Duluth","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":865533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
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