{"pageNumber":"3225","pageRowStart":"80600","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184900,"records":[{"id":4991,"text":"fs07100 - 2000 - Landslide Hazards","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-23T15:58:01","indexId":"fs07100","displayToPublicDate":"2000-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"071-00","title":"Landslide Hazards","docAbstract":"<p>Landslide hazards occur in many places around What Can You Do If You Live Near Steep Hills? the world and include fast-moving debris flows, slow-moving landslides, and a variety of flows and slides initiating from volcanoes. Each year, these hazards cost billions of dollars and cause numerous fatalities and injuries. Awareness and education about these hazards is a first step toward reducing damaging effects. The U.S. Geological Survey conducts research and distributes information about geologic hazards. This Fact Sheet is published in English and Spanish and can be reproduced in any form for further distribution.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs07100","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2000, Landslide Hazards: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 071-00, 1 sheet , https://doi.org/10.3133/fs07100.","productDescription":"1 sheet ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":121273,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_071_00.jpg"},{"id":202,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/fs-0071-00/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b20e4b07f02db6abaf0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":528402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70168343,"text":"70168343 - 2000 - Summary of the major water-quality findings from the Eastern Iowa Basins study unit of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-20T10:23:18","indexId":"70168343","displayToPublicDate":"2000-04-20T13:30:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5059,"text":"Iowa Groundwater Quarterly","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Summary of the major water-quality findings from the Eastern Iowa Basins study unit of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program","docAbstract":"<p>An integrated assessment of the water quality in streams and aquifers in the Wapsipinicon, Iowa, Cedar, and Skunk River basins was conducted in 1996 through 1998 as part of the Eastern Iowa Basins (EIWA) study unit of the U.S. Geological Survey's National Water-Quality Assessment Program (NAWQA). The EIWA study unit is one of 59 study units across the Nation designed to assess the status and trends in the quality of the Nation's ground- and surface-water resources and to link the status and trends with an understanding of the natural and human factors that affect the quality of water. Over 90 percent of the land in the EIWA study unit is used for agricultural purposes, while forested areas account for only 4 percent and urban areas about 2 percent of the land.</p>\n<p>Surface-water samples were collected monthly and during selected storm events from six sites in medium-sized basins (125 to about 400 mi2) and five sites in large river basins (2,300 to 12,500 mi2). The medium-sized basins were selected to be representative of various physical features, hydrogeology, and agricultural landuse (row crops and concentrated animal feeding operations) that may affect water quality. The large river sites were selected to determine the integrated effects of combinations of landuse and hydrogeology on river-water quality.</p>\n<p>Ground-water samples were collected primarily from the alluvial aquifers because of the aquifers' direct hydraulic connection with rivers and streams and because alluvial aquifers are one of the most important sources for domestic, municipal, and industrial water supplies in the study area. Monitoring wells were installed in agricultural and urban areas of the alluvial aquifers to assess the quality of the most recently recharged water in relation to land use. Existing domestic wells screened in alluvial aquifers and the Silurian/Devonian aquifer were sampled to assess deeper and older ground water.</p>\n<p>Surface- and ground-water samples were analyzed for a wide variety of chemical constituents (major ions, nutrients, and pesticides) commonly associated with agricultural and urban activities. Because they were not expected to occur in rivers and streams, volatile organic compounds (VOC's), commonly comprising fuels, solvents, and other industrial compounds were only analyzed in ground-water samples. The age of the ground water, important information needed to relate ground-water quality to land use, was determined using both tritium and chlorofluorocarbons (Freon?) age-dating methods.</p>\n<p>Results from the EIWA NAWQA study build on previous and ongoing research and water-quality monitoring programs in Iowa and provide new insights into the relation between the quality of the State's water resources and human activities. The major findings from the study are listed below.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Iowa Groundwater Association","publisherLocation":"Oakdale, IA","usgsCitation":"Kalkhoff, S.J., 2000, Summary of the major water-quality findings from the Eastern Iowa Basins study unit of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program: Iowa Groundwater Quarterly, v. 11, no. 3, HTML Document.","productDescription":"HTML Document","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":317915,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":317914,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://ia.water.usgs.gov/projects/nawqa/reports/IGWA.Fall2000.html"}],"country":"United 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,{"id":70185675,"text":"70185675 - 2000 - Chamber measurement of surface-atmosphere trace gas exchange: Numerical evaluation of dependence on soil interfacial layer, and source/sink products","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-10T07:48:37","indexId":"70185675","displayToPublicDate":"2000-04-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2316,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chamber measurement of surface-atmosphere trace gas exchange: Numerical evaluation of dependence on soil interfacial layer, and source/sink products","docAbstract":"<p> We employed a three-dimensional finite difference gas diffusion model to simulate the performance of chambers used to measure surface-atmosphere tace gas exchange. We found that systematic errors often result from conventional chamber design and deployment protocols, as well as key assumptions behind the estimation of trace gas exchange rates from observed concentration data. Specifically, our simulationshowed that (1) when a chamber significantly alters atmospheric mixing processes operating near the soil surface, it also nearly instantaneously enhances or suppresses the postdeployment gas exchange rate, (2) any change resulting in greater soil gas diffusivity, or greater partitioning of the diffusing gas to solid or liquid soil fractions, increases the potential for chamber-induced measurement error, and (3) all such errors are independent of the magnitude, kinetics, and/or distribution of trace gas sources, but greater for trace gas sinks with the same initial absolute flux. Finally, and most importantly, we found that our results apply to steady state as well as non-steady-state chambers, because the slow rate of gas diffusion in soil inhibits recovery of the former from their initial non-steady-state condition. Over a range of representative conditions, the error in steady state chamber estimates of the trace gas flux varied from -30 to +32%, while estimates computed by linear regression from non-steadystate chamber concentrations were 2 to 31% too small. Although such errors are relatively small in comparison to the temporal and spatial variability characteristic of trace gas exchange, they bias the summary statistics for each experiment as well as larger scale trace gas flux estimates based on them. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/1999JD901204","usgsCitation":"Hutchinson, G., Livingston, G., Healy, R.W., and Striegl, R.G., 2000, Chamber measurement of surface-atmosphere trace gas exchange: Numerical evaluation of dependence on soil interfacial layer, and source/sink products: Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres, v. 105, no. D7, p. 8865-8875, https://doi.org/10.1029/1999JD901204.","productDescription":"11 p. ","startPage":"8865","endPage":"8875","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479138,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/1999jd901204","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":338386,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"105","issue":"D7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58da253ae4b0543bf7fda851","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hutchinson, G.L.","contributorId":189877,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hutchinson","given":"G.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Livingston, G.P.","contributorId":189878,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Livingston","given":"G.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Healy, R. W.","contributorId":89872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Healy","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Striegl, Robert G. 0000-0002-8251-4659 rstriegl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8251-4659","contributorId":1630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Striegl","given":"Robert","email":"rstriegl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":686327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70185201,"text":"70185201 - 2000 - Biogeochemistry: Hexadecane decay by methanogenesis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-13T10:26:13","indexId":"70185201","displayToPublicDate":"2000-04-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Biogeochemistry: Hexadecane decay by methanogenesis","docAbstract":"<p><span>The potential for the biological conversion of long-chain saturated hydrocarbons to methane under anaerobic conditions has been demonstrated by using an enrichment culture of bacteria to degrade pure-phase hexadecane</span><sup></sup><span>. The formation of methane in hydrocarbon-rich subsurface zones could be explained if a similar conversion of long-chain alkanes to methane were to take place in subsurface environments. If this process could be stimulated in the subsurface, it could be used to enhance hydrocarbon recovery from petroleum reserves</span><sup></sup><sup></sup><span>. Parkes</span><sup></sup><span>, however, questions the environmental significance of the enrichment-culture results</span><sup><a href=\"http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v404/n6779/full/404722a0.html#B1\" data-mce-href=\"http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v404/n6779/full/404722a0.html#B1\">1</a></sup><span> on the grounds that alkane conversion to methane is very slow and because sulphate-reducing and methanogenic bacteria might both be necessary for even this slow process to occur, restricting the conversion to specialized, unusual zones in sediments. Here we show that, on the contrary, subsurface bacteria can adapt to convert hexadecane to methane rapidly and in the absence of sulphate-reducing bacteria.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Macmillan Publishers Limited","doi":"10.1038/35008145","usgsCitation":"Anderson, R.T., and Lovely, D.R., 2000, Biogeochemistry: Hexadecane decay by methanogenesis: Nature, v. 404, p. 722-723, https://doi.org/10.1038/35008145.","productDescription":"2 p. ","startPage":"722","endPage":"723","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337720,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"404","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58cba422e4b0849ce97dc784","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, Robert T.","contributorId":178193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lovely, Derek R.","contributorId":184232,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lovely","given":"Derek","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70200577,"text":"70200577 - 2000 - Bacon receives 1999 Bowen Award","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-24T13:03:12","indexId":"70200577","displayToPublicDate":"2000-04-11T13:02:50","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bacon receives 1999 Bowen Award","docAbstract":"<p><span>Charles R. Bacon received the 1999 Bowen Award, presented by the Volcanology Geochemistry, and Petrology Section during the 1999 AGU Fall Meeting.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geological Union","doi":"10.1029/00EO00110","usgsCitation":"Hildreth, W., and Bacon, C.R., 2000, Bacon receives 1999 Bowen Award: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 81, no. 15, p. 159-164, https://doi.org/10.1029/00EO00110.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"159","endPage":"164","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479139,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/00eo00110","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":358750,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"81","issue":"15","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-06-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10fbdde4b034bf6a8091b0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hildreth, Wes 0000-0002-7925-4251 hildreth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7925-4251","contributorId":2221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hildreth","given":"Wes","email":"hildreth@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":749634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bacon, Charles R. 0000-0002-2165-5618 cbacon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2165-5618","contributorId":2909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bacon","given":"Charles","email":"cbacon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":749635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70074274,"text":"70074274 - 2000 - Geochemical evidence for a magmatic CO<sub>2</sub> degassing event at Mammoth Mountain, California, September-December 1997","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-28T15:37:16","indexId":"70074274","displayToPublicDate":"2000-04-10T15:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemical evidence for a magmatic CO<sub>2</sub> degassing event at Mammoth Mountain, California, September-December 1997","docAbstract":"Recent time series soil CO<sub>2</sub> concentration data from monitoring stations in the vicinity of Mammoth Mountain, California, reveal strong evidence for a magmatic degassing event during the fall of 1997 lasting more than 2 months. Two sensors at Horseshoe Lake first recorded the episode on September 23, 1997, followed 10 days later by a sensor on the north flank of Mammoth Mountain. Direct degassing from shallow intruding magma seems an implausible cause of the degassing event, since the gas released at Horseshoe Lake continued to be cold and barren of other magmatic gases, except for He. We suggest that an increase in compressional strain on the area south of Mammoth Mountain driven by movement of major fault blocks in Long Valley caldera may have triggered an episode of increased degassing by squeezing additional accumulated CO<sub>2</sub> from a shallow gas reservoir to the surface along faults and other structures where it could be detected by the CO<sub>2</sub> monitoring network. Recharge of the gas reservoir by CO<sub>2</sub> emanating from the deep intrusions that probably triggered deep long-period earthquakes may also have contributed to the degassing event. The nature of CO<sub>2</sub> discharge at the soil-air interface is influenced by the porous character of High Sierra soils and by meteorological processes. Solar insolation is the primary source of energy for the Earth atmosphere and plays a significant role in most diurnal processes at the Earth surface. Data from this study suggest that external forcing due largely to local orographic winds influences the fine structure of the recorded CO<sub>2</sub> signals.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2000JB900009","usgsCitation":"McGee, K., Gerlach, T., Kessler, R., and Doukas, M., 2000, Geochemical evidence for a magmatic CO<sub>2</sub> degassing event at Mammoth Mountain, California, September-December 1997: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 105, no. B4, p. 8447-8456, https://doi.org/10.1029/2000JB900009.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"8447","endPage":"8456","numberOfPages":"10","temporalStart":"1997-09-01","temporalEnd":"1997-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":157,"text":"Cascades Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479140,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2000jb900009","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":281626,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":281624,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000JB900009"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Horseshoe Lake;Mammoth Mountain","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -119.069567,37.589887 ], [ -119.069567,37.689866 ], [ -118.939791,37.689866 ], [ -118.939791,37.589887 ], [ -119.069567,37.589887 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"105","issue":"B4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2000-04-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd5ad3e4b0b290850f99e0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McGee, K.A.","contributorId":6059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGee","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gerlach, T.M.","contributorId":38713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gerlach","given":"T.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kessler, R.","contributorId":35088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kessler","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Doukas, M.P.","contributorId":28615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doukas","given":"M.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70185228,"text":"70185228 - 2000 - Silica-coated titania and zirconia colloids for subsurface transport field experiments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-04T14:25:49","indexId":"70185228","displayToPublicDate":"2000-04-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Silica-coated titania and zirconia colloids for subsurface transport field experiments","docAbstract":"<p><span>Silica-coated titania (TiO</span><sub>2</sub><span>) and zirconia (ZrO</span><sub>2</sub><span>) colloids were synthesized in two sizes to provide easily traced mineral colloids for subsurface transport experiments. Electrophoretic mobility measurements showed that coating with silica imparted surface properties similar to pure silica to the titania and zirconia colloids. Measurements of steady electrophoretic mobility and size (by dynamic light scattering) over a 90-day period showed that the silica-coated colloids were stable to aggregation and loss of coating. A natural gradient field experiment conducted in an iron oxide-coated sand and gravel aquifer also showed that the surface properties of the silica-coated colloids were similar. Colloid transport was traced at μg L</span><sup>-</sup><sup>1</sup><span> concentrations by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy measurement of Ti and Zr in acidified samples.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es9909531","usgsCitation":"Ryan, J.N., Elimelech, M., Baeseman, J.L., and Magelky, R.D., 2000, Silica-coated titania and zirconia colloids for subsurface transport field experiments: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 34, no. 10, p. 2000-2005, https://doi.org/10.1021/es9909531.","productDescription":"6 p. ","startPage":"2000","endPage":"2005","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337746,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2000-04-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58cba422e4b0849ce97dc786","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ryan, Joseph N.","contributorId":54290,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ryan","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":604,"text":"University of Colorado- Boulder","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":684796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Elimelech, Menachem","contributorId":189312,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Elimelech","given":"Menachem","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baeseman, Jenny L.","contributorId":189421,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baeseman","given":"Jenny","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Magelky, Robin D.","contributorId":189313,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Magelky","given":"Robin","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70069334,"text":"70069334 - 2000 - Coastal sedimentary research examines critical issues of national and global priority","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-23T12:19:51","indexId":"70069334","displayToPublicDate":"2000-04-01T15:56:56","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Coastal sedimentary research examines critical issues of national and global priority","docAbstract":"An international conference was held recently in Honolulu, Hawaii, to examine and plan for coastal sedimentary research in the United States and globally. Participants agreed that sedimentary coastal environments constitute a critical national and global resource that suffers widespread degradation due to human impacts. Moreover, human population growth and inappropriate development in the coastal zone are escalating public asset losses due to coastal hazards and placing large numbers of communities at growing risk (Figure 1).","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1029/00EO00125","usgsCitation":"Fletcher, C., Anderson, J., Crook, K.A., Kaminsky, G., Larcombe, P., Murray-Wallace, C.V., Sansone, F., Scott, D.B., Riggs, S., Sallenger, A., Shennan, I., Thieler, E.R., and Wehmiller, J.F., 2000, Coastal sedimentary research examines critical issues of national and global priority: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 81, no. 17, p. 181-186, https://doi.org/10.1029/00EO00125.","productDescription":"6 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However, approximately 70% of the sites where pesticides were detected, two or more pesticide compounds analyzed were present&ndash;documenting the prevalence of pesticide mixtures in ground water. The pesticide concentrations encountered were generally low, with the median total concentration (summation of concentrations for the 90 pesticide compounds) being 0.046 &mu;g/L. Pesticides were commonly detected in shallow ground water beneath both agricultural (60.4%) and urban (48.5%) areas. This is an important finding because, although agricultural activities have long been associated with pesticide contamination, urban areas have only recently been recognized as a potential source of these types of compounds. Pesticides with higher frequencies of detection were generally those with more extensive use, greater environmental persistence, and greater mobility in ground water (lower soil-water partition coefficients).</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2000.tb00684.x","usgsCitation":"Kolpin, D.W., Barbash, J.E., and Gilliom, R.J., 2000, Pesticides in ground water of the United States, 1992-1996: Ground Water, v. 38, no. 6, p. 858-863, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2000.tb00684.x.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"858","endPage":"863","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":317922,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": 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Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":619781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gilliom, Robert J. rgilliom@usgs.gov","contributorId":488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilliom","given":"Robert","email":"rgilliom@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":619782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70168344,"text":"70168344 - 2000 - Importance of the Mississippi River Basin for investigating agricultural–chemical contamination of the hydrologic cycle","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-07T06:05:59","indexId":"70168344","displayToPublicDate":"2000-04-01T13:45:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Importance of the Mississippi River Basin for investigating agricultural–chemical contamination of the hydrologic cycle","docAbstract":"<p>This special issue is devoted to recent and ongoing research relating to the fate and transport of agricultural chemicals in the Mississippi River Basin by the US Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology (Toxics) Program. The Mississippi River Basin drains approximately 3 200 000 km<sup>2</sup> representing 41% of the United States. This is the largest river in the United States and the third largest in the world. The Mississippi River discharges an average of 19 920 m<sup>3</sup>/s of water into the Gulf of Mexico. The river is an extensively used resource, supplying drinking water to 70 cities in the United States.</p>\n<p>The Mississippi River Basin has undergone dramatic land use and cultural changes over the last 150 years. Approximately 70 million people now live within the basin, representing approximately 27% of the nation's population. This basin has also become one of the most productive agricultural regions in the world in terms of both crops and livestock grown. Approximately 65% of the nation's harvested cropland is grown in this basin, with more than 100 000 metric tons (t) of pesticides and approximately 6 500 000 t of commercial nitrogen fertilizers applied to cropland within the basin annually. The drainage of more than 20 000 000 ha within the basin has been enhanced by means of tile lines and ditches to lower the water table to make the cropland more productive. While removing the water from the soil as intended, this practice also leads to more rapid transport of contaminants to the river, and ultimately the Gulf of Mexico. Furthermore, the extensive chemical use in the Mississippi River Basin has led to the transport of pesticides and nitrate into the region&rsquo;s streams, aquifers, and atmosphere. An estimated 1 000 000 t of nitrate-N is transported from the Mississippi River Basin into the Gulf of Mexico annually. The peak annual load of herbicides to the Gulf of Mexico has been documented at 1920 t. The fundamental goal of the papers presented in this volume is to provide a scientific basis for decisions necessary to promote sound and efficient agricultural practices and protect the quality of the nation's water resources.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00530-6","usgsCitation":"Kolpin, D.W., 2000, Importance of the Mississippi River Basin for investigating agricultural–chemical contamination of the hydrologic cycle: Science of the Total Environment, v. 248, no. 2-3, p. 71-72, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00530-6.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"71","endPage":"72","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":317919,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"248","issue":"2-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56bc6d45e4b08d617f66628d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kolpin, Dana W. 0000-0002-3529-6505 dwkolpin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3529-6505","contributorId":1239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolpin","given":"Dana","email":"dwkolpin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":619766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70209550,"text":"70209550 - 2000 - Age and Pb-Sr-Nd isotopic systematics of plutonic rocks from the Green Mountain magmatic arc, southeastern Wyoming: Isotopic characterization of a Paleoproterozoic island arc system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-04-13T16:57:54.80266","indexId":"70209550","displayToPublicDate":"2000-04-01T11:51:49","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3310,"text":"Rocky Mountain Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Age and Pb-Sr-Nd isotopic systematics of plutonic rocks from the Green Mountain magmatic arc, southeastern Wyoming: Isotopic characterization of a Paleoproterozoic island arc system","docAbstract":"<p>Three new U-Pb zircon ages and the Pb-Sr-Nd isotopic systematics of 24 whole-rock samples from mainly plutonic rocks of the Sierra Madre and Medicine Bow Mountains near the Colorado-Wyoming border help establish the Green Mountain magmatic arc as a Paleoproterozoic, variably eroded, island arc terrane. The Green Mountain magmatic arc, a terrane composed of variably metamorphosed volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks, minor metasedimentary rocks, high-grade gneisses, and plutons ranging from gabbro to granodiorite, was formed between ca. 1792 and 1744 Ma. It is the northernmost and oldest part of the Colorado province and is separated from Archean rocks to the north by the east-west-trending Cheyenne belt.</p><p>New U-Pb zircon ages were determined for two dioritic samples of the Mullen Creek complex (1778 ±2 and 1778 ±17 Ma; an ultramafic/mafic layered intrusion) and for a sample of the Rambler granite (1771 ±3.4 Ma); both units are exposed in the Medicine Bow Mountains. A Sm-Nd internal isochron age of 1750 ±24 Ma (ϵ<sub>Nd</sub><sup>i</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>= + 3.8) was determined that is within error of the Sm-Nd whole-rock isochron age for the entire Lake Owen sample database (1775 ±45 Ma). Initial Nd signatures (+ 3.3 to 4.8) indicate that the bulk of the arc rocks was derived from a depleted mantle source at 1.78 Ga. Although the Rb-Sr systematics appear disturbed, data from extremely low Rb/Sr, non-hydrous, ultramafic layered units indicate an initial<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr value of 0.7024. The range of initial Sr isotopic values for these rocks is elevated relative to depleted mantle sources at 1.78 Ga, an isotopic distinction of modern primitive oceanic island arc systems. The U-Pb data on the same mafic rock samples are consistent with the other isotopic results. The values define average initial Pb values of<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>206</sup>Pb/<sup>204</sup>Pb = 15.7 and<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>207</sup>Pb/<sup>204</sup>Pb = 15.3, indicative of a depleted mantle source at 1.78 Ga.</p><p>Felsic plutonic arc rocks exhibit disturbed Pb and Sr isotopic behavior. They are characterized by the same depleted mantle signature with initial ϵ<sub>Nd</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>values of ∼2.9–4.4, however, indicating little crustal contamination of source magmas for granites and precluding their derivation by subduction of Archean crustal components during collisional accretion of the arc.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"University of Wyoming","doi":"10.2113/35.1.51","usgsCitation":"Premo, W.R., and Loucks, R.R., 2000, Age and Pb-Sr-Nd isotopic systematics of plutonic rocks from the Green Mountain magmatic arc, southeastern Wyoming: Isotopic characterization of a Paleoproterozoic island arc system: Rocky Mountain Geology, v. 35, no. 1, p. 51-70, https://doi.org/10.2113/35.1.51.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"51","endPage":"70","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":373919,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Green Mountain","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -105.97412109375,\n              40.18307014852534\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.0679931640625,\n              40.18307014852534\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.0679931640625,\n              41.51269075845857\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.97412109375,\n              41.51269075845857\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.97412109375,\n              40.18307014852534\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"35","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Premo, Wayne R. 0000-0001-9904-4801 wpremo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9904-4801","contributorId":1697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Premo","given":"Wayne","email":"wpremo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":786773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loucks, R. R.","contributorId":223988,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Loucks","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":786774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70068745,"text":"70068745 - 2000 - The demise of the San Bruno Fault","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-13T11:17:25","indexId":"70068745","displayToPublicDate":"2000-04-01T11:05:03","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1154,"text":"California Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The demise of the San Bruno Fault","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"California Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"California Division of Mines and Geology","publisherLocation":"Sacramento, CA","usgsCitation":"Bonilla, M.G., Jachens, R., Jayko, A.S., Wentworth, C., and McGarr, A., 2000, The demise of the San Bruno Fault: California Geology, v. 53, no. 2, p. 4-19.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"4","endPage":"19","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":280863,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Bruno Fault","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.549744,37.579413 ], [ -122.549744,37.766915 ], [ -122.331734,37.766915 ], [ -122.331734,37.579413 ], [ -122.549744,37.579413 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"53","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd778ee4b0b2908510b9ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bonilla, M. G.","contributorId":33698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonilla","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jachens, R.C.","contributorId":55433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jachens","given":"R.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jayko, A. S. 0000-0002-7378-0330","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7378-0330","contributorId":18011,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jayko","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wentworth, C. M. 0000-0003-2569-569X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2569-569X","contributorId":106466,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wentworth","given":"C. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McGarr, A.F.","contributorId":72408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGarr","given":"A.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":21809,"text":"ofr99347 - 2000 - Geochronology and geology of late Oligocene through Miocene volcanism and mineralization in the western San Juan Mountains, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-09T15:04:36","indexId":"ofr99347","displayToPublicDate":"2000-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-347","title":"Geochronology and geology of late Oligocene through Miocene volcanism and mineralization in the western San Juan Mountains, Colorado","docAbstract":"Twenty-five new 40Ar/39Ar ages from volcanic rocks and veins in the western San Juan\r\nMountains clarify relationships between volcanism and mineralization in this classic area. Five\r\ncalc-alkaline ash-flow sheets erupted from caldera sources (Ute Ridge, Blue Mesa, Dillon Mesa,\r\nSapinero Mesa, and Crystal Lake Tuffs) from 28.6 to 27.6 Ma. This is a much more restricted\r\ntime interval than previously thought and indicates that the underlying batholith rose and evolved\r\nvery rapidly beneath the western San Juan Mountains. The new ages and geologic relations\r\nconstrain the timing of joint resurgence of the Uncompahgre and San Juan calderas to between\r\n28.2 and 27.6 Ma. The collapse of the Silverton caldera produced a set of strong ring fractures\r\nthat intersected with graben faults on the earlier resurgent dome to produce the complex set of\r\nstructures that localized the mid-Miocene epithermal gold veins.\r\nLater calc-alkaline monzonitic to quartz monzontic plutons solidified at 26.5-26.0 Ma as\r\nthe underlying batholith rose through its volcanic cover. A new age from lavas near\r\nUncompahgre Peak supports earlier interpretations that these lavas were fed by nearby 26 Ma\r\nmonzonite intrusions. Nearly all of these intrusions are associated with subeconomic Mo and\r\nCu mineralization and associated alteration, and new ages of 26.40 and 25.29 Ma from the\r\nUte-Ulay and Lilly veins in the Lake City region show that some of the most important silver and base-metal veins were temporally and possibly genetically connected to these plutons. In\r\naddition, the Golden Fleece telluride vein cuts all of the post-Uncompahgre caldera volcanics in\r\nthe area and is probably temporally related to this cycle, though its age of 27.5 ? 0.3 Ma was\r\ndetermined by less precise U/Pb methods.\r\nThe 22.9 Ma Lake City caldera collapsed within the older Uncompahgre caldera structure\r\nbut is petrologically unrelated to the older calc-alkaline activity. The distinctive suite of\r\nhigh-silica rhyolite tuff and alkaline resurgent intrusions indicates that it is closely related to the\r\nearly stages of bimodal high-silica rhyolite-alkali basalt volcanism that accompanied the onset of\r\nextensional tectonism in the region. Both 40Ar/39Ar ages and paleomagnetic data confirm that the\r\nentire caldera sequence formed in less than 330,000 years. Only weak quartz vein mineralization\r\nis present in the center of the caldera, and it appears to be related to leaching of metals from the\r\nintracaldera tuffs above the resurgent intrusion. Massive alunitization and weak Mo and Cu\r\nmineralization along the eastern ring fracture are associated with calc-alkaline lavas and stocks\r\nrelated to late stages of the caldera cycle. These calc-alkaline stocks also appear to be genetically\r\nand temporally linked to a radial pattern of barite-precious metal veins on the northeastern\r\nmargin of the Lake City caldera.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr99347","issn":"0566-8174","usgsCitation":"Bove, D.J., Hon, K., Budding, K., Slack, J.F., Snee, L., and Yeoman, R.A., 2000, Geochronology and geology of late Oligocene through Miocene volcanism and mineralization in the western San Juan Mountains, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-347, 33 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99347.","productDescription":"33 p. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":153993,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":1229,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/ofr-99-0347/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48b1e4b07f02db530720","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bove, D. J.","contributorId":70767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bove","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hon, Ken","contributorId":19163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hon","given":"Ken","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Budding, K. E.","contributorId":104932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Budding","given":"K. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Slack, J. F.","contributorId":75917,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slack","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Snee, L.W.","contributorId":99981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snee","given":"L.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Yeoman, R. A.","contributorId":107726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yeoman","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":4861,"text":"ds52 - 2000 - U.S. Geological Survey mineral databases; MRDS and MAS/MILS","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-05T10:25:58","indexId":"ds52","displayToPublicDate":"2000-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"52","title":"U.S. Geological Survey mineral databases; MRDS and MAS/MILS","docAbstract":"These two CD-ROM's contain the latest version of the Mineral Resources Data System (MRDS) database and the Minerals Availability System/Minerals Industry Location System (MAS/MILS) database for coverage of North America and the world outside North America. The records in the MRDS database each contain almost 200 data fields describing metallic and nonmetallic mineral resources, deposits, and commodities. The records in the MAS/MILS database each contain almost 100 data fields describing mines and mineral processing plans.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ds52","isbn":"0607940212","usgsCitation":"McFaul, E., Mason, G., Ferguson, W., and Lipin, B., 2000, U.S. Geological Survey mineral databases; MRDS and MAS/MILS: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 52, 2 computer optical discs ;4 3/4 in., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds52.","productDescription":"2 computer optical discs ;4 3/4 in.","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":139959,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":330565,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/dds/dds-52/dds52_disc2.zip","text":"Disc 2","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}},{"id":330564,"rank":2,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/dds/dds-52/dds52_disc1.zip","text":"Disc 1","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}}],"scale":"0","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.75,24.5 ], [ -124.75,71.41666666666667 ], [ -66.93333333333334,71.41666666666667 ], [ -66.93333333333334,24.5 ], [ -124.75,24.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","publicComments":"The USGS does not provide technical support for the software associated with this publication.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dfe4b07f02db5e3d50","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McFaul, E.J.","contributorId":8465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McFaul","given":"E.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":149966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mason, G.T.","contributorId":9232,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mason","given":"G.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":149967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ferguson, W.B.","contributorId":87926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferguson","given":"W.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":149969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lipin, B. R.","contributorId":61031,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lipin","given":"B. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":149968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70170470,"text":"70170470 - 2000 - Phylogenetic sequence analysis, recombinant expression, and tissue distribution of a channel catfish estrogen receptor beta","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-21T14:42:44","indexId":"70170470","displayToPublicDate":"2000-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1738,"text":"General and Comparative Endocrinology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Phylogenetic sequence analysis, recombinant expression, and tissue distribution of a channel catfish estrogen receptor beta","docAbstract":"<div class=\"abstract svAbstract \" data-etype=\"ab\">\n<p id=\"simple-para0005\"><span>An&nbsp;</span><a class=\"linkText\" href=\"http://topics.sciencedirect.com/topics/page/Estrogen\">estrogen</a><span>&nbsp;receptor &beta; (ER&beta;) cDNA fragment was amplified by&nbsp;</span><a class=\"linkText\" href=\"http://topics.sciencedirect.com/topics/page/Reverse_transcription_polymerase_chain_reaction\">RT-PCR</a><span>&nbsp;of total&nbsp;</span><a class=\"linkText\" href=\"http://topics.sciencedirect.com/topics/page/RNA\">RNA</a><span>extracted from liver and ovary of immature channel catfish. This cDNA fragment was used to screen an ovarian&nbsp;</span><a class=\"linkText\" href=\"http://topics.sciencedirect.com/topics/page/CDNA_library\">cDNA library</a><span>&nbsp;made from an immature female fish. A clone was obtained that contained an open reading frame encoding a 575-amino-acid protein with a deduced molecular weight of 63.9 kDa. Maximum parsimony and Neighbor Joining analyses were used to generate a&nbsp;</span><a class=\"linkText\" href=\"http://topics.sciencedirect.com/topics/page/Phylogenetics\">phylogenetic</a><span>&nbsp;classification of channel catfish ER&beta; on the basis of 25 full-length teleost and tetrapod ER sequences. The consensus tree obtained indicated the existence of two major vertebrate&nbsp;</span><a class=\"linkText\" href=\"http://topics.sciencedirect.com/topics/page/Estrogen_receptor\">ER subtypes</a><span>, &alpha; and &beta;. Within each subtype, and in accordance with established&nbsp;</span><a class=\"linkText\" href=\"http://topics.sciencedirect.com/topics/page/Phylogenetics\">phylogenetic relationships</a><span>, teleost and tetrapod ER were monophyletic confirming the results of a previous analysis (Z. Xia</span><i>et al</i><span>., 1999,&nbsp;</span><i>Gen. Comp. Endocrinol</i><span>.&nbsp;</span><span class=\"boldFont\">113,</span><span>&nbsp;360&ndash;368). Extracts of&nbsp;</span><a class=\"linkText\" href=\"http://topics.sciencedirect.com/topics/page/COS_cells\">COS-7</a><span>&nbsp;cells&nbsp;</span><a class=\"linkText\" href=\"http://topics.sciencedirect.com/topics/page/Transfection\">transfected</a><span>with channel catfish ER&beta; cDNA bound estrogen with high affinity (</span><i>K</i><sub>d</sub><span>&nbsp;= 0.21 nM) and specificity. The affinity of channel catfish ER&beta; for estrogen was higher than previously reported for channel catfish ER&alpha;. As determined by qualitative RT-PCR, the tissue distributions of ER&alpha; and ER&beta; were similar but not identical. Both ER subtypes were present in ovary and testis. ER&alpha; was found in all other tissues examined from juvenile and mature fish of both sexes. ER&beta; was also found in most tissues except, in most cases, whole blood and head kidney. Interestingly, the pattern of expression of ER subtypes in head kidney always corresponded to the pattern in whole blood. In conclusion, we isolated a channel catfish ER&beta; with&nbsp;</span><a class=\"linkText\" href=\"http://topics.sciencedirect.com/topics/page/Ligand_(biochemistry)\">ligand-binding</a><span>&nbsp;affinity and tissue expression patterns different from ER&alpha;. Also, we confirmed the validity of our previously proposed general classification scheme for vertebrate ER into &alpha; and &beta; subtypes and within each subtype, into teleost and tetrapod clades.</span></p>\n</div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1006/gcen.1999.7447","usgsCitation":"Xia, Z., Gale, W.L., Chang, X., Langenau, D., Patino, R., Maule, A.G., and Densmore, L.D., 2000, Phylogenetic sequence analysis, recombinant expression, and tissue distribution of a channel catfish estrogen receptor beta: General and Comparative Endocrinology, v. 118, no. 1, p. 139-149, https://doi.org/10.1006/gcen.1999.7447.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"139","endPage":"149","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":320375,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"118","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5719f9bee4b071321fe22be4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Xia, Zhenfang","contributorId":12228,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xia","given":"Zhenfang","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":627343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gale, William L.","contributorId":48726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gale","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":627344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chang, Xiaotian","contributorId":64834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chang","given":"Xiaotian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":627345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Langenau, David","contributorId":168804,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Langenau","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12883,"text":"Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-3131","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":627346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Patino, Reynaldo 0000-0002-4831-8400 r.patino@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4831-8400","contributorId":2311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patino","given":"Reynaldo","email":"r.patino@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":627347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Maule, Alec G. amaule@usgs.gov","contributorId":2606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maule","given":"Alec","email":"amaule@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":627348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Densmore, Llewellyn D.","contributorId":168805,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Densmore","given":"Llewellyn","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":12883,"text":"Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-3131","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":627349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":4376,"text":"cir1179 - 2000 - Records and history of the United States Geological Survey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-21T11:16:23","indexId":"cir1179","displayToPublicDate":"2000-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1179","title":"Records and history of the United States Geological Survey","docAbstract":"<p>This publication contains two presentations in Portable Document Format (PDF). The first is Renee M. Jaussaud's inventory of the documents accessioned by the end of 1997 into Record Group 57 (Geological Survey) at the National Archives and Records Administration's (NARA) Archives II facility in College Park, Md., but not the materials in NARA's regional archives. The second is Mary C. Rabbitt's 'The United States Geological Survey 1879-1989,' which appeared in 1989 as USGS Circular 1050. Additionally, USGS Circular 1050 is also presented in Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML) format.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/cir1179","usgsCitation":"Nelson, C.M., 2000, Records and history of the United States Geological Survey: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1179, 1 computer optical disc ;4 3/4 in., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1179.","productDescription":"1 computer optical disc ;4 3/4 in.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":366,"text":"Library","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37226,"text":"Core Science Analytics, Synthesis, and Libraries","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":31485,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/2000/1179/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":121263,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/2000/1179/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":13663,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1179/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db635842","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, Clifford M. cnelson@usgs.gov","contributorId":5980,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Clifford","email":"cnelson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":5069,"text":"Office of the AD Core Science Systems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":148993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70185081,"text":"70185081 - 2000 - The Amazon reveals its secrets--partly","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-19T14:20:09.606229","indexId":"70185081","displayToPublicDate":"2000-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Amazon reveals its secrets--partly","docAbstract":"<p><span>The role of the tropics in global climate change during glacial cycles is hotly debated in paleoclimate cycles today. Records from South America have not provided a clear picture of tropical climate change. In his Perspective, Betancourt highlights the study by Maslin and Burns, </span><span>who have deduced the outflow of the Amazon over the past 14,000 years. This may serve as a proxy that integrates hydrology over the entire South American tropics, although the record must be interpreted cautiously because factors other than rainfall may contribute to the variability in outflow.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"AAAS","doi":"10.1126/science.290.5500.2274","usgsCitation":"Betancourt, J.L., 2000, The Amazon reveals its secrets--partly: Science, v. 290, p. 2274-2275, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.290.5500.2274.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"2274","endPage":"2275","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337525,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Brazil","otherGeospatial":"Amazon River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -70.1806640625,\n              -11.436955216143177\n            ],\n            [\n              -47.3291015625,\n              -11.436955216143177\n            ],\n            [\n              -47.3291015625,\n              2.6357885741666065\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.1806640625,\n              2.6357885741666065\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.1806640625,\n              -11.436955216143177\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"290","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c9012ae4b0849ce97abd24","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Betancourt, Julio L. 0000-0002-7165-0743 jlbetanc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7165-0743","contributorId":3376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Betancourt","given":"Julio","email":"jlbetanc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":554,"text":"Science and Decisions Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":684269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":23093,"text":"ofr99464 - 2000 - Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory-Determination of whole-water recoverable arsenic, boron, and vanadium using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-28T18:29:05.359413","indexId":"ofr99464","displayToPublicDate":"2000-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-464","title":"Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory-Determination of whole-water recoverable arsenic, boron, and vanadium using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry","docAbstract":"Analysis of in-bottle digestate by using\r\nthe inductively coupled plasma?mass\r\nspectrometric (ICP?MS) method has been\r\nexpanded to include arsenic, boron, and\r\nvanadium. Whole-water samples are\r\ndigested by using either the hydrochloric acid\r\nin-bottle digestion procedure or the nitric acid\r\nin-bottle digestion procedure. When the\r\nhydrochloric acid in-bottle digestion\r\nprocedure is used, chloride must be removed\r\nfrom the digestate by subboiling evaporation\r\nbefore arsenic and vanadium can be\r\naccurately determined. Method detection\r\nlimits for these elements are now 10 to 100\r\ntimes lower than U.S. Geological Survey\r\n(USGS) methods using hydride generation?\r\natomic absorption spectrophotometry (HG?\r\nAAS) and inductively coupled plasma?\r\natomic emission spectrometry (ICP?AES),\r\nthus providing lower variability at ambient\r\nconcentrations. The bias and variability of\r\nthe methods were determined by using results\r\nfrom spike recoveries, standard reference\r\nmaterials, and validation samples. Spike\r\nrecoveries in reagent-water, surface-water,\r\nground-water, and whole-water recoverable\r\nmatrices averaged 90 percent for seven\r\nreplicates; spike recoveries were biased from\r\n25 to 35 percent low for the ground-water\r\nmatrix because of the abnormally high iron\r\nconcentration. Results for reference material\r\nwere within one standard deviation of the\r\nmost probable value. There was no\r\nsignificant difference between the results\r\nfrom ICP?MS and HG?AAS or ICP?AES\r\nmethods for the natural whole-water samples\r\nthat were analyzed.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey :\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr99464","usgsCitation":"Garbarino, J.R., 2000, Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory-Determination of whole-water recoverable arsenic, boron, and vanadium using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-464, vi, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99464.","productDescription":"vi, 15 p.","costCenters":[{"id":452,"text":"National Water Quality Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":52463,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0464/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":157083,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0464/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a54e4b07f02db62bc1a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Garbarino, John R. jrgarb@usgs.gov","contributorId":2189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garbarino","given":"John","email":"jrgarb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":5046,"text":"Branch of Analytical Serv (NWQL)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":189420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1289,"text":"wsp2427 - 2000 - Simulation and analysis of soil-water conditions in the Great Plains and adjacent areas, central United States, 1951-80","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:13","indexId":"wsp2427","displayToPublicDate":"2000-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2427","title":"Simulation and analysis of soil-water conditions in the Great Plains and adjacent areas, central United States, 1951-80","docAbstract":"Ground-water recharge and consumptive-irrigation requirements in the Great Plains and adjacent areas largely depend upon an environment extrinsic to the ground-water system. This extrinsic environment, which includes climate, soils, and vegetation, determines the water demands of evapotranspiration, the availability of soil water to meet these demands, and the quantity of soil water remaining for potential ground-water recharge after these demands are met. The geographic extent of the Great Plains contributes to large regional differences among all elements composing the extrinsic environment, particularly the climatic factors. A soil-water simulation program, SWASP, which synthesizes selected climatic, soil, and vegetation factors, was used to simulate the regional soil-water conditions during 1951-80. The output from SWASP consists of several soil-water characteristics, including surface runoff, infiltration, consumptive water requirements, actual evapotranspiration, potential recharge or deep percolation under various conditions, consumptive irrigation requirements, and net fluxes from the ground-water system under irrigated conditions. Simulation results indicate that regional patterns of potential recharge, consumptive irrigation requirements, and net fluxes from the ground-water system under irrigated conditions are largely determined by evapotranspiration and precipitation. The local effects of soils and vegetation on potential recharge cause potential recharge to vary by more than 50 percent in some areas having similar climatic conditions.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services,","doi":"10.3133/wsp2427","usgsCitation":"Dugan, J.T., and Zelt, R.B., 2000, Simulation and analysis of soil-water conditions in the Great Plains and adjacent areas, central United States, 1951-80: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2427, vii, 81 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2427.","productDescription":"vii, 81 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":137001,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2427/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":26270,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2427/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49b3e4b07f02db5ca139","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dugan, Jack T.","contributorId":102456,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dugan","given":"Jack","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zelt, Ronald B. 0000-0001-9024-855X rbzelt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9024-855X","contributorId":300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zelt","given":"Ronald","email":"rbzelt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":143505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":66352,"text":"i2656 - 2000 - Geologic map of the Wolcott Quadrangle, Eagle County, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:21","indexId":"i2656","displayToPublicDate":"2000-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2656","subseriesTitle":"GIS","title":"Geologic map of the Wolcott Quadrangle, Eagle County, Colorado","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/i2656","usgsCitation":"Lidke, D., 2000, Geologic map of the Wolcott Quadrangle, Eagle County, Colorado (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 2656, 1 sheet, https://doi.org/10.3133/i2656.","productDescription":"1 sheet","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":109896,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_23046.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"23046"},{"id":187601,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6104,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/i-2656/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"24000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -106.75,39.6175 ], [ -106.75,39.75 ], [ -106.61749999999999,39.75 ], [ -106.61749999999999,39.6175 ], [ -106.75,39.6175 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae4e4b07f02db689935","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lidke, D. J.","contributorId":10857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lidke","given":"D. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":274395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70162311,"text":"70162311 - 2000 - Tucuxi (<i>Sotalia fluviatilis</i>) occurs in Nicaragua, 800 km north of its previously known range","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-21T11:04:54","indexId":"70162311","displayToPublicDate":"2000-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2671,"text":"Marine Mammal Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tucuxi (<i>Sotalia fluviatilis</i>) occurs in Nicaragua, 800 km north of its previously known range","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1748-7692.2000.tb00936.x","usgsCitation":"Carr, T., and Bonde, R.K., 2000, Tucuxi (<i>Sotalia fluviatilis</i>) occurs in Nicaragua, 800 km north of its previously known range: Marine Mammal Science, v. 16, no. 2, p. 447-452, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-7692.2000.tb00936.x.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"447","endPage":"452","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314583,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-08-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56a20f51e4b0961cf2811c3e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carr, Thomas","contributorId":104837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carr","given":"Thomas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bonde, Robert K. 0000-0001-9179-4376 rbonde@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9179-4376","contributorId":2675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonde","given":"Robert","email":"rbonde@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":589204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70185211,"text":"70185211 - 2000 - Occurrence and load of selected herbicides and metabolites in the lower Mississippi River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-01T21:02:03.448766","indexId":"70185211","displayToPublicDate":"2000-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Occurrence and load of selected herbicides and metabolites in the lower Mississippi River","docAbstract":"<p><span>Analyses of water samples collected from the Mississippi River at Baton Rouge, Louisiana, during 1991–1997 indicate that hundreds of metric tons of herbicides and herbicide metabolites are being discharged annually to the Gulf of Mexico. Atrazine, metolachlor, and the ethane-sulfonic acid metabolite of alachlor (alachlor ESA) were the most frequently detected herbicides and, in general, were present in the largest concentrations. Almost 80% of the annual herbicide load to the Gulf of Mexico occurred during the growing season from May to August. The concentrations and loads of alachlor in the Mississippi River decreased dramatically after 1993 in response to decreased use in the basin. In contrast, the concentrations and loads of acetochlor increased after 1994, reflecting its role as a replacement for alachlor. The peak annual herbicide load occurred in 1993, when approximately 640 metric tons (t) of atrazine, 320 t of cyanazine, 215 t of metolachlor, 53 t of simazine, and 50 t of alachlor were discharged to the Gulf of Mexico. The annual loads of atrazine and cyanazine were generally 1–2% of the amount annually applied in the Mississippi River drainage basin; the annual loads of acetochlor, alachlor, and metolachlor were generally less than 1%. Despite a reduction in atrazine use, historical data do not indicate a long-term downward trend in the atrazine load to the Gulf of Mexico. Although a relation (</span><i>r</i><sup>2</sup><span>=0.62) exists between the atrazine load and stream discharge during May to August, variations in herbicide use and rainfall patterns within subbasins can have a large effect on herbicide loads in the Mississippi River Basin and probably explain a large part of the annual variation in atrazine load to the Gulf of Mexico.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00534-3","usgsCitation":"Clark, G.M., and Goolsby, D.A., 2000, Occurrence and load of selected herbicides and metabolites in the lower Mississippi River: Science of the Total Environment, v. 248, no. 2-3, p. 101-113, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00534-3.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"101","endPage":"113","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337727,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisana, Mississippi","otherGeospatial":"Mississippi River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -90.37353515625,\n              29.52567042617583\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.40673828125,\n              29.52567042617583\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.40673828125,\n              30.107117887092357\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.37353515625,\n              30.107117887092357\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.37353515625,\n              29.52567042617583\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -91.42822265625,\n              30.088107753367257\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.87890625,\n              30.088107753367257\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.87890625,\n              30.685163937659564\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.42822265625,\n              30.685163937659564\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.42822265625,\n              30.088107753367257\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -91.0931396484375,\n              32.20815332547324\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.7855224609375,\n              32.20815332547324\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.7855224609375,\n              32.48428001059022\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.0931396484375,\n              32.48428001059022\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.0931396484375,\n              32.20815332547324\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"248","issue":"2-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58cba422e4b0849ce97dc788","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clark, Gregory M. gmclark@usgs.gov","contributorId":1377,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Gregory","email":"gmclark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":684737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goolsby, Donald A.","contributorId":46083,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goolsby","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70205649,"text":"70205649 - 2000 - Seed germination of two Everglades species, Cladium jamaicense and Typha domingensis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-09-30T12:55:01","indexId":"70205649","displayToPublicDate":"2000-03-08T12:47:09","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":861,"text":"Aquatic Botany","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Seed germination of two Everglades species, <i>Cladium jamaicense</i> and <i>Typha domingensis</i>","title":"Seed germination of two Everglades species, Cladium jamaicense and Typha domingensis","docAbstract":"<p>The germination requirements of<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Cladium jamaicense</i><span>&nbsp;</span>Crantz and<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Typha domingensis</i><span>&nbsp;</span>Pers. were studied under controlled conditions in the laboratory. Treatments included six temperature regimes, (constant temperatures of 15 20, 25, 30°C, and two fluctuating day&nbsp;:&nbsp;night temperature regimes of 25&nbsp;:&nbsp;10°C and 30&nbsp;:&nbsp;20°C), two light levels (14&nbsp;:&nbsp;10&nbsp;h light&nbsp;:&nbsp;dark photoperiod and 24&nbsp;h dark environment), two substrates (peat and water) and two O<sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>levels (atmospheric and low (4.34%) O<sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>concentration) using a complete randomized block design.</p><p>The average incubation period needed for seeds to germinate was shorter for<span>&nbsp;</span><i>T. domingensis</i><span>&nbsp;</span>(1.1–19.5 days) than for<span>&nbsp;</span><i>C. jamaicense</i><span>&nbsp;</span>(26–46 days) and the final germination percentage was higher for<span>&nbsp;</span><i>T. domingensis</i><span>&nbsp;</span>than for<span>&nbsp;</span><i>C. jamaicense</i><span>&nbsp;</span>(85 vs. 42 %).<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Cladium jamaicense</i><span>&nbsp;</span>only germinated with fluctuating temperatures whereas<span>&nbsp;</span><i>T. domingensis</i><span>&nbsp;</span>germinated at all temperature regimes. Light was required for<span>&nbsp;</span><i>T. domingensis</i><span>&nbsp;</span>seeds to germinate, whereas<span>&nbsp;</span><i>C. jamaicense</i><span>&nbsp;</span>could germinate at a reduced rate in the dark. Peat substrate had a positive effect on germination in both species. Peat substrate shortened the incubation period for seeds of both species, enhanced germination of<span>&nbsp;</span><i>T. domingensis</i>, especially at low temperatures, and enhanced germination of<span>&nbsp;</span><i>C. jamaicense</i><span>&nbsp;</span>in the dark. Low oxygen availability did not influence the germination of<span>&nbsp;</span><i>C. jamaicense</i><span>&nbsp;</span>but enhanced germination of<span>&nbsp;</span><i>T. domingensis</i><span>&nbsp;</span>at low temperatures. Although the two species differ significantly in their germination requirements and responses to specific environmental conditions, germination of both these species was enhanced by environmental conditions typical of exposed water saturated mudflats or sediment surfaces.<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Typha domingensis</i><span>&nbsp;</span>produces a large number of small seeds, which do not germinate when covered by sediment. In contrast,<span>&nbsp;</span><i>C. jamaicense</i><span>&nbsp;</span>produces fewer and larger seeds, with resources able to support growth through a thin layer of sediment or detritus.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0304-3770(99)00076-5","usgsCitation":"Lorenzen, B., Brix, H., McKee, K.L., Mendelssohn, I., and Miao, S., 2000, Seed germination of two Everglades species, Cladium jamaicense and Typha domingensis: Aquatic Botany, v. 66, no. 3, p. 169-180, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3770(99)00076-5.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"169","endPage":"180","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":367819,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Northern Everglades","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -81.7767333984375,\n              25.408546892670557\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.035400390625,\n              25.408546892670557\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.035400390625,\n              26.504988828743404\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.7767333984375,\n              26.504988828743404\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.7767333984375,\n              25.408546892670557\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"66","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lorenzen, Bent","contributorId":214873,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lorenzen","given":"Bent","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":771972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brix, Hans","contributorId":146735,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brix","given":"Hans","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13419,"text":"Aarhus University, Denmark","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":771973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McKee, Karen L. 0000-0001-7042-670X mckeek@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7042-670X","contributorId":704,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKee","given":"Karen","email":"mckeek@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":771974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mendelssohn, I.A.","contributorId":24317,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mendelssohn","given":"I.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":771975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Miao, ShiLi","contributorId":214874,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miao","given":"ShiLi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":771976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70243622,"text":"70243622 - 2000 - Radar structure of earthquake-induced, coastal landslides in Anchorage, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-20T15:40:10.907561","indexId":"70243622","displayToPublicDate":"2000-03-01T11:54:43","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1541,"text":"Environmental Geosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Radar structure of earthquake-induced, coastal landslides in Anchorage, Alaska","docAbstract":"<p><span>Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) was used to investigate the internal structure of two large landslides in Anchorage, Alaska that resulted from the great 1964 earthquake. The Government Hill and Turnagain Heights landslides occurred in similar stratigraphic and geographic settings, yet the style of ground deformation is different at each site. GPR data are compared with previous investigations and are shown, under certain conditions, to have utility in the identification of ancient landslides. Reflection surveys accurately reproduced the subsurface geometry of horst and graben structures and imaged finer scale features such as ground cracks and fissures. Where more complete disintegration of the bluff occurred, GPR reflections from within the slide mass are generally chaotic and include no recognizable evidence of the original stratigraphy. Common midpoint surveys estimated GPR velocity in the sediment and allowed the conversion of travel times to depths.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1046/j.1526-0984.2000.71007.x","usgsCitation":"Barnhardt, W., and Kayen, R., 2000, Radar structure of earthquake-induced, coastal landslides in Anchorage, Alaska: Environmental Geosciences, v. 7, no. 1, p. 38-45, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1526-0984.2000.71007.x.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"38","endPage":"45","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":417045,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","city":"Anchorage","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -149.31570072765055,\n              61.48249168004975\n            ],\n            [\n              -150.25346860478726,\n              61.48249168004975\n            ],\n            [\n              -150.25346860478726,\n              60.94145100424234\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.31570072765055,\n              60.94145100424234\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.31570072765055,\n              61.48249168004975\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"7","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2000-03-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barnhardt, Walter wbarnhardt@usgs.gov","contributorId":190621,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnhardt","given":"Walter","email":"wbarnhardt@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":872645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kayen, Robert E. 0000-0002-0356-072X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0356-072X","contributorId":261195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kayen","given":"Robert E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":872646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70243554,"text":"70243554 - 2000 - Revised age of the Rockland tephra, northern California: Implications for climate and stratigraphic reconstructions in the western United States: Reply","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-05-11T16:56:17.68843","indexId":"70243554","displayToPublicDate":"2000-03-01T11:50:19","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Revised age of the Rockland tephra, northern California: Implications for climate and stratigraphic reconstructions in the western United States: Reply","docAbstract":"<p><span>Sarna-Wojcicki suggests that the&nbsp;</span><sup>40</sup><span>Ar/</span><sup>39</sup><span>Ar age of 614 ± 8 ka for the Rockland tephra (</span><a class=\"link link-ref link-reveal xref-bibr\" data-open=\"I0091-7613-28-3-287-LANPHERE1\">Lanphere et al., 1999</a><span>) is too old because of the presence of xenocrystic plagioclase. The Rockland tephra is indeed full of lithic debris that can be seen at any well-exposed outcrop of ash-flow or air-fall deposits. In order to minimize contamination, we selected pumice lumps known to be representative of the Rockland magma. Plagioclase in the pumice lumps forms a homogeneous population of weakly zoned phenocrysts. By contrast, plagioclase from the intermediate to silicic volcanic lithic fragments in the Rockland tephra typically displays complex zoning, variable resorption patterns and strong discontinuities. Such plagioclase would be readily recognizable if present in the Rockland magma. We saw no petrographic evidence that the Rockland magma was contaminated with xenocrystic plagioclase. The pumice lumps were carefully cleaned before mineral separations were made.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0091-7613(2000)28%3C287:RAOTRT%3E2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Lanphere, M.A., Champion, D.E., Clynne, M.A., and Muffler, L.P., 2000, Revised age of the Rockland tephra, northern California: Implications for climate and stratigraphic reconstructions in the western United States: Reply: Geology, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(2000)28%3C287:RAOTRT%3E2.0.CO;2.","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":416968,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Rockland tephra","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -121.28438210623398,\n              40.58395362170714\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.87446782508354,\n              40.58395362170714\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.87446782508354,\n              40.029169344902755\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.28438210623398,\n              40.029169344902755\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.28438210623398,\n              40.58395362170714\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lanphere, Marvin A. alder@usgs.gov","contributorId":2696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lanphere","given":"Marvin","email":"alder@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":872328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Champion, Duane E. 0000-0001-7854-9034 dchamp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7854-9034","contributorId":2912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Champion","given":"Duane","email":"dchamp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":872329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clynne, Michael A. 0000-0002-4220-2968 mclynne@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4220-2968","contributorId":2032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clynne","given":"Michael","email":"mclynne@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":872330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Muffler, L.J. Patrick 0000-0001-6638-7218 pmuffler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6638-7218","contributorId":3322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muffler","given":"L.J.","email":"pmuffler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Patrick","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":872331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
]}