{"pageNumber":"323","pageRowStart":"8050","pageSize":"25","recordCount":16439,"records":[{"id":51115,"text":"ofr0264 - 2002 - Digital map of the elevation of the base of the High Plains Aquifer in the Republican River Basin upstream of Hardy, Nebraska, in parts of Nebraska, Kansas, and Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:27","indexId":"ofr0264","displayToPublicDate":"2002-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-64","title":"Digital map of the elevation of the base of the High Plains Aquifer in the Republican River Basin upstream of Hardy, Nebraska, in parts of Nebraska, Kansas, and Colorado","docAbstract":"This digital spatial data set consists of the aquifer base elevation contours (50-foot contour interval) for part of the High Plains aquifer in the central United States. This subset of the High Plains aquifer covers the Republican River Basin in Nebraska, Kansas, and Colorado upstream from the streamflow station on the Republican River near Hardy, Nebraska, near the Kansas/Nebraska border. In Nebraska, the digitized contours extend to the South Platte, Platte, and Little Blue Rivers. In Colorado and Kansas, the digital contours extend to the edge of the High Plains aquifer. These boundaries were chosen to simplify boundary conditions for a computer simulation model being used for a hydrologic study of the Republican River Basin.  The data are not intended for use at scales larger than 1:500,000.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr0264","usgsCitation":"Johnson, M., Cornwall, J.F., and Landon, M.K., 2002, Digital map of the elevation of the base of the High Plains Aquifer in the Republican River Basin upstream of Hardy, Nebraska, in parts of Nebraska, Kansas, and Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-64, 5 refs, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr0264.","productDescription":"5 refs","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":178463,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":4510,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/ofr02-064/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a96e4b07f02db65ac58","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Michaela R. 0000-0001-6133-0247 mrjohns@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6133-0247","contributorId":1013,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Michaela R.","email":"mrjohns@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":242972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cornwall, James F.","contributorId":74067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cornwall","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":242973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Landon, Matthew K. 0000-0002-5766-0494 landon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5766-0494","contributorId":392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landon","given":"Matthew","email":"landon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":242971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70185177,"text":"70185177 - 2002 - Comparison of formation and fluid-column logs in a heterogeneous basalt aquifer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-26T08:53:16","indexId":"70185177","displayToPublicDate":"2002-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of formation and fluid-column logs in a heterogeneous basalt aquifer","docAbstract":"<p><span>Deep observation boreholes in the vicinity of active production wells in Honolulu, Hawaii, exhibit the anomalous condition that fluid-column electrical conductivity logs and apparent profiles of pore-water electrical conductivity derived from induction conductivity logs are nearly identical if a formation factor of 12.5 is assumed. This condition is documented in three boreholes where fluid-column logs clearly indicate the presence of strong borehole flow induced by withdrawal from partially penetrating water-supply wells. This result appears to contradict the basic principles of conductivity-log interpretation. Flow conditions in one of these boreholes was investigated in detail by obtaining flow profiles under two water production conditions using the electromagnetic flowmeter. The flow-log interpretation demonstrates that the fluid-column log resembles the induction log because the amount of inflow to the borehole increases systematically upward through the transition zone between deeper salt water and shallower fresh water. This condition allows the properties of the fluid column to approximate the properties of water entering the borehole as soon as the upflow stream encounters that producing zone. Because this condition occurs in all three boreholes investigated, the similarity of induction and fluid-column logs is probably not a coincidence, and may relate to aquifer response under the influence of pumping from production wells.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2002.tb02544.x","usgsCitation":"Paillet, F., Williams, J., Oki, D., and Knutson, K.D., 2002, Comparison of formation and fluid-column logs in a heterogeneous basalt aquifer: Groundwater, v. 40, no. 6, p. 577-585, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2002.tb02544.x.","productDescription":"9 p. ","startPage":"577","endPage":"585","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337682,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"40","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ca52d4e4b0849ce97c86ec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Paillet, F.L.","contributorId":189369,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paillet","given":"F.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williams, J.H.","contributorId":29482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Oki, D.S.","contributorId":75184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oki","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Knutson, K. D.","contributorId":31790,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knutson","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":51126,"text":"ofr02324 - 2002 - Digital soils survey map of the Patagonia Mountains, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-13T13:04:19","indexId":"ofr02324","displayToPublicDate":"2002-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-324","title":"Digital soils survey map of the Patagonia Mountains, Arizona","docAbstract":"<p>The ‘Soil Survey of Santa Cruz and Parts of Cochise\n      and Pima Counties, Arizona,' a product of the USDA’s\n      Soil Conservation Service and the Forest Service in\n      cooperation with the Arizona Agricultural Experiment\n      Station, released in 1979, was created according to\n      the site conditions in 1971, when soil scientists\n      identified soils types on aerial photographs. The\n      scale at which these maps were published is 1:20,000.</p>\n<br/>\n      <p>These soil maps were automated for incorporation into\n      the hydrologic modeling within a GIS. The aerial photos\n      onto which the soils units were drawn had not been\n      orthoganalized, and contained distortion. A total of 15\n      maps composed the study area. These maps were scanned\n      into TIFF format using an 8-bit black and white drum\n      scanner at 100 dpi. The images were imported into ERDAS\n      IMAGINE and the white borders were removed through\n      subset decollaring processes. Five CD-ROM’s containing\n      Digital Orthophoto Quarter Quads (DOQQ’s) were used to\n      register and rectify the scanned soils maps.  Polygonal\n      data was then attributed according to the datasets.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr02324","usgsCitation":"Norman, L., Wissler, C., Guertin, D.P., and Gray, F., 2002, Digital soils survey map of the Patagonia Mountains, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-324, Report: 24 p.; Readme; Metadata; Dataset; Legend; Map: JPG format, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02324.","productDescription":"Report: 24 p.; Readme; Metadata; Dataset; Legend; Map: JPG format","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":179138,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr02324.jpg"},{"id":4513,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0324/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":283898,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0324/00readme.txt"},{"id":283899,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0324/scs_soil.met"},{"id":283900,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0324/pdf/scs_soil.pdf"},{"id":283901,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0324/scs_soil.e00"},{"id":283902,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0324/scs_soil.avl"},{"id":283903,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0324/images/scs_soil.jpg"}],"scale":"35000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Patagonia Mountains","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -110.864671,31.348635 ], [ -110.864671,31.536392 ], [ -110.642353,31.536392 ], [ -110.642353,31.348635 ], [ -110.864671,31.348635 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a8be4b07f02db651835","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Norman, Laura","contributorId":90382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norman","given":"Laura","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":242995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wissler, Craig","contributorId":16912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wissler","given":"Craig","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":242993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Guertin, D. Phillip","contributorId":46062,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Guertin","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"Phillip","affiliations":[{"id":12625,"text":"School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":242994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gray, Floyd 0000-0002-0223-8966 fgray@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0223-8966","contributorId":603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"Floyd","email":"fgray@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":242992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":50522,"text":"ofr02352 - 2002 - Preliminary report on geophysical data in Yavapai County, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-27T14:24:15.185096","indexId":"ofr02352","displayToPublicDate":"2002-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-352","title":"Preliminary report on geophysical data in Yavapai County, Arizona","docAbstract":"Recently acquired geophysical data provide information on the geologic framework and its effect of groundwater flow and on stream/aquifer interaction in Yavapai County, Arizona. High-resolution aeromagnetic data reflect diverse rock types at and below the topographic surface and have permitted a preliminary interpretation of faults and underlying rock types (in particular, volcanic) that will provide new insights on the geologic framework, critical input to future hydrologic investigations. Aeromagnetic data map the western end of the Bear Wallow Canyon fault into the sedimentary fill of Verde Valley. Regional gravity data indicate potentially significant accumulations of low-density basin fill in Big Chino, Verde, and Williamson Valleys. Electrical and seismic data were also collected and help evaluate the approximate depth and extent of recent alluvium overlying Tertiary and Paleozoic sediments. These data will be used to ascertain the potential contribution of shallow ground-water subflow that cannot be measured by gages or flow meters and whether stream flow in losing reaches is moving as subflow or is being lost to the subsurface. The geophysical data will help produce a more robust groundwater flow model of the region.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr02352","usgsCitation":"Langenheim, V., Hoffmann, J., Blasch, K., DeWitt, E., and Wirt, L., 2002, Preliminary report on geophysical data in Yavapai County, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-352, Report: PDF, 29 p.; Report: TXT, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02352.","productDescription":"Report: PDF, 29 p.; Report: TXT","numberOfPages":"30","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":283851,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr02352.jpg"},{"id":86332,"rank":4,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0352/pdf/of02-352.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":4334,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0352/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":283850,"rank":1,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0352/ofr02-352.txt","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","county":"Yavapai County","otherGeospatial":"Bear Wallow Canyon, Big Chino Valley, Verde Valley, Williamson Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -112.9999,34.348 ], [ -112.9999,35.268 ], [ -111.5977,35.268 ], [ -111.5977,34.348 ], [ -112.9999,34.348 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66cba5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Langenheim, V.E. 0000-0003-2170-5213","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2170-5213","contributorId":54956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langenheim","given":"V.E.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":241682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hoffmann, J.P.","contributorId":76389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffmann","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Blasch, K.W.","contributorId":29877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blasch","given":"K.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"DeWitt, Ed","contributorId":65081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeWitt","given":"Ed","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wirt, Laurie","contributorId":13204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wirt","given":"Laurie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":69423,"text":"i2755 - 2002 - Geologic map of the Yucca Mountain region, Nye County, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:35","indexId":"i2755","displayToPublicDate":"2002-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2755","subseriesTitle":"GIS","title":"Geologic map of the Yucca Mountain region, Nye County, Nevada","docAbstract":"Yucca Mountain, Nye County, Nev., has been identified as a potential site for underground storage of high-level radioactive waste.  This geologic map compilation, including all of Yucca Mountain and Crater Flat, most of the Calico Hills, western Jackass Flats, Little Skull Mountain, the Striped Hills, the Skeleton Hills, and the northeastern Amargosa Desert, portrays the geologic framework for a saturated-zone hydrologic flow model of the Yucca Mountain site.  Key geologic features shown on the geologic map and accompanying cross sections include:  (1) exposures of Proterozoic through Devonian strata inferred to have been deformed by regional thrust faulting and folding, in the Skeleton Hills, Striped Hills, and Amargosa Desert near Big Dune; (2) folded and thrust-faulted Devonian and Mississippian strata, unconformably overlain by Miocene tuffs and lavas and cut by complex Neogene fault patterns, in the Calico Hills; (3) the Claim Canyon caldera, a segment of which is exposed north of Yucca Mountain and Crater Flat; (4) thick densely welded to nonwelded ash-flow sheets of the Miocene southwest Nevada volcanic field exposed in normal-fault-bounded blocks at Yucca Mountain; (5) upper Tertiary and Quaternary basaltic cinder cones and lava flows in Crater Flat and at southernmost Yucca Mountain; and (6) broad basins covered by Quaternary and upper Tertiary surficial deposits in Jackass Flats, Crater Flat, and the northeastern Amargosa Desert, beneath which Neogene normal and strike-slip faults are inferred to be present on the basis of geophysical data and geologic map patterns.\r\n      A regional thrust belt of late Paleozoic or Mesozoic age affected all pre-Tertiary rocks in the region; main thrust faults, not exposed in the map area, are interpreted to underlie the map area in an arcuate pattern, striking north, northeast, and east.  The predominant vergence of thrust faults exposed elsewhere in the region, including the Belted Range and Specter Range thrusts, was to the east, southeast, and south.  The vertical to overturned strata of the Striped Hills are hypothesized to result from successive stacking of three south-vergent thrust ramps, the lowest of which is the Specter Range thrust.  The CP thrust is interpreted as a north-vergent backthrust that may have been roughly contemporaneous with the Belted Range and Specter Range thrusts.\r\n      The southwest Nevada volcanic field consists predominantly of a series of silicic tuffs and lava flows ranging in age from 15 to 8 Ma.  The map area is in the southwestern quadrant of the southwest Nevada volcanic field, just south of the Timber Mountain caldera complex.\r\n      The Claim Canyon caldera, exposed in the northern part of the map area, contains thick deposits of the 12.7-Ma Tiva Canyon Tuff, along with widespread megabreccia deposits of similar age, and subordinate thick exposures of other 12.8- to 12.7-Ma Paintbrush Group rocks.  An irregular, blocky fault array, which affects parts of the caldera and much of the nearby area, includes several large-displacement, steeply dipping faults that strike radially to the caldera and bound south-dipping blocks of volcanic rock.\r\n      South and southeast of the Claim Canyon caldera, in the area that includes Yucca Mountain, the Neogene fault pattern is dominated by closely spaced, north-northwest- to north-northeast-striking normal faults that lie within a north-trending graben.  This 20- to 25-km-wide graben includes Crater Flat, Yucca Mountain, and Fortymile Wash, and is bounded on the east by the 'gravity fault' and on the west by the Bare Mountain fault.  Both of these faults separate Proterozoic and Paleozoic sedimentary rocks in their footwalls from Miocene volcanic rocks in their hanging walls.\r\n      Stratigraphic and structural relations at Yucca Mountain demonstrate that block-bounding faults were active before and during eruption of the 12.8- to 12.7-Ma Paintbrush Group, and significant motion on these faults continued unt","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/i2755","isbn":"0607989882 ","usgsCitation":"Potter, C.J., Dickerson, R.P., Sweetkind, D., Drake, R.M., Taylor, E.M., Fridrich, C.J., San Juan, C.A., and Day, W.C., 2002, Geologic map of the Yucca Mountain region, Nye County, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 2755, 1 map : col. ; 90 x 60 cm., on sheet 145 x 100 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm. + 1 pamphlet (44 p. : ill., maps ; 28 cm.) , https://doi.org/10.3133/i2755.","productDescription":"1 map : col. ; 90 x 60 cm., on sheet 145 x 100 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm. + 1 pamphlet (44 p. : ill., maps ; 28 cm.) ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":110361,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_52803.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"52803"},{"id":191294,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6361,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/i-2755/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"50000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -116.61749999999999,36.6175 ], [ -116.61749999999999,36.8675 ], [ -116.36749999999999,36.8675 ], [ -116.36749999999999,36.6175 ], [ -116.61749999999999,36.6175 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae1e4b07f02db68884f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Potter, Christopher J. 0000-0002-2300-6670 cpotter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2300-6670","contributorId":1026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Potter","given":"Christopher","email":"cpotter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":280384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dickerson, Robert P.","contributorId":6461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dickerson","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sweetkind, Donald S.","contributorId":18732,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sweetkind","given":"Donald S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Drake, Ronald M. II 0000-0002-1770-4667 rmdrake@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1770-4667","contributorId":1353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drake","given":"Ronald","suffix":"II","email":"rmdrake@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":280389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Taylor, Emily M. 0000-0003-1152-5761 emtaylor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1152-5761","contributorId":1240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Emily","email":"emtaylor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":280386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Fridrich, Christopher J. 0000-0003-2453-6478 fridrich@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2453-6478","contributorId":1251,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fridrich","given":"Christopher","email":"fridrich@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":280387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"San Juan, Carma A. 0000-0002-9151-1919 csanjuan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9151-1919","contributorId":1146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"San Juan","given":"Carma","email":"csanjuan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":280385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Day, Warren C. 0000-0002-9278-2120 wday@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9278-2120","contributorId":1308,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day","given":"Warren","email":"wday@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":280388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":44708,"text":"wri994174 - 2002 - Simulated pond-aquifer interactions under natural and stressed conditions near Snake Pond, Cape Cod, Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-16T11:36:52","indexId":"wri994174","displayToPublicDate":"2002-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-4174","title":"Simulated pond-aquifer interactions under natural and stressed conditions near Snake Pond, Cape Cod, Massachusetts","docAbstract":"A numerical model was used to simulate pond-aquifer interactions under natural and stressed conditions near Snake Pond, Cape Cod, Massachusetts. Simulation results show that pond-bottom hydraulic conductivity, which represents the degree of hydraulic connection between the pond and the aquifer, is an important control on these interactions. As this parameter was incrementally increased from 10 to 350 feet per day, the rate of ground-water inflow into the pond under natural conditions increased by about 250 percent, the associated residence times of water in the pond decreased by about 50 percent, and ground-water inflow to the pond shifted closer to the pond shore. Most ground-water inflow (90 to 98 percent) was in the upper model layer, which corresponded to shallow, near-shore areas of the pond, over the entire range of pond-bottom hydraulic conductivity. Ground-water flow paths into the pond became more vertical, the contributing area to the pond became larger, and the pond captured water from greater depths in the aquifer as the hydraulic conductivity of the pond bottom was increased. The pond level, however, remained nearly constant, and regional ground-water levels and gradients differed little over the range of pond-bottom hydraulic conductivity, indicating that calibrated models with similar head solutions can have different pond-aquifer interaction characteristics.\r\n\r\n\r\nHydrologic stresses caused by a simulated plume-containment system that specifies the extraction and injection of large volumes of ground water near the pond increased the pond level by about 0.4 foot and ground-water inflow rates into the pond by about 25 percent. Several factors related to the operation of the simulated containment system are affected by the hydraulic conductivity of the pond bottom. With increasing pond-bottom hydraulic conductivity, the amount of injected water that flows into Snake Pond increased and the amount of water recirculated between extraction and injection wells decreased. Comparison of simulations in which pond-bottom hydraulic conductivity was varied throughout the pond and simulations in which hydraulic conductivity was varied only in areas corresponding to shallow, near-shore areas of the pond indicate that the simulated hydraulic conductivity of the pond bottom in deeper parts of the pond had little effect on pond-aquifer interactions under both natural and stressed conditions.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri994174","usgsCitation":"Walter, D.A., Masterson, J., and LeBlanc, D.R., 2002, Simulated pond-aquifer interactions under natural and stressed conditions near Snake Pond, Cape Cod, Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4174, v, 35 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994174.","productDescription":"v, 35 p. ","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":172716,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3750,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri994174/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Cape Cod ","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -70.7080078125,\n              41.57436130598913\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.89501953125,\n              41.57436130598913\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.89501953125,\n              42.049292638686836\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.7080078125,\n              42.049292638686836\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.7080078125,\n              41.57436130598913\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a26e4b07f02db60f9af","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walter, Donald A. 0000-0003-0879-4477 dawalter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0879-4477","contributorId":1101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walter","given":"Donald","email":"dawalter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":230294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Masterson, John P. 0000-0003-3202-4413 jpmaster@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3202-4413","contributorId":1865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masterson","given":"John P.","email":"jpmaster@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":230296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"LeBlanc, Denis R. 0000-0002-4646-2628 dleblanc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4646-2628","contributorId":1696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LeBlanc","given":"Denis","email":"dleblanc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":230295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":45085,"text":"wri024208 - 2002 - Ground-water flow simulation and chemical and isotopic mixing equation analysis to determine source contributions to the Missouri River alluvial aquifer in the vicinity of the Independence, Missouri, well field","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-18T15:17:26","indexId":"wri024208","displayToPublicDate":"2002-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-4208","displayTitle":"Ground-Water Flow Simulation and Chemical and Isotopic Mixing Equation Analysis to Determine Source Contributions to the Missouri River Alluvial Aquifer in the Vicinity of the Independence, Missouri, Well Field","title":"Ground-water flow simulation and chemical and isotopic mixing equation analysis to determine source contributions to the Missouri River alluvial aquifer in the vicinity of the Independence, Missouri, well field","docAbstract":"<p>The city of Independence, Missouri, operates a well field in the Missouri River alluvial aquifer. Steady-state ground-water flow simulation, particle tracking, and the use of chemical and isotopic composition of river water, ground water, and well-field pumpage in a two-component mixing equation were used to determine the source contributions of induced inflow from the Missouri River and recharge to ground water from precipitation in well-field pumpage. </p><p>Steady-state flow-budget analysis for the simulation-defined zone of contribution to the Independence well field indicates that 86.7 percent of well-field pumpage is from induced inflow from the river, and 6.7 percent is from ground-water recharge from precipitation. The 6.6 percent of flow from outside the simulation-defined zone of contribution is a measure of the uncertainty of the estimation, and occurs because model cells are too large to uniquely define the actual zone of contribution. Flow-budget calculations indicate that the largest source of water to most wells is the Missouri River. </p><p>Particle-tracking techniques indicate that the Missouri River supplies 82.3 percent of the water to the Independence well field, ground-water recharge from precipitation supplies 9.7 percent, and flow from outside defined zones of contribution supplies 8.0 percent. Particle tracking was used to determine the relative amounts of source water to total well-field pumpage as a function of traveltime from the source. Well-field pumpage that traveled 1 year or less from the source was 8.8 percent, with 0.6 percent from the Missouri River, none from precipitation, and 8.2 percent between starting cells. Well-field pumpage that traveled 2 years or less from the source was 10.3 percent, with 1.8 percent from the Missouri River, 0.2 percent from precipitation, and 8.3 percent between starting cells. Well-field pumpage that traveled 5 years or less from the source was 36.5 percent, with 27.1 percent from the Missouri River, 1.1 percent from precipitation, and 8.3 percent between starting cells. Well-field pumpage that traveled 10 years or less from the source was 42.7 percent, with 32.6 percent from the Missouri River, 1.8 percent from precipitation, and 8.3 percent between starting cells. Well-field pumpage that traveled 25 years or less from the source was 71.9 percent, with 58.9 percent from the Missouri River, 4.7 percent from precipitation, and 8.3 percent between starting cells. </p><p>Results of chemical (calcium, sodium, iron, and fluoride) and isotopic (oxygen and hydrogen) analyses of water samples collected from the Missouri River, selected monitoring wells around the Independence well field, and combined well-field pumpage were used in a two component mixing equation to estimate the relative amount of Missouri River water in total well-field pumpage. The relative amounts of induced inflow from the Missouri River in well-field pumpage ranged from 49 percent for sodium to 80 percent for calcium, and sensitivities ranged from 0 percent for iron to plus or minus 35 percent for naturally occurring stable isotope (<sup>18</sup>O). The average of all mixing equation results indicated that 61 percent of well-field pumpage was from induced inflow from the Missouri River. </p><p>All methods used in the study indicate that more than one-half of the water in well-field pumpage was inflow from the Missouri River. River inflow estimates from ground-water simulation methods are larger and error values are smaller than those using chemical and isotopic data in the mixing equation, although substantial uncertainties exist for both estimation methods. Because of the complex hydrology of the aquifer near the Independence well field, the source estimates using particle tracking probably are the most reliable of the ground-water simulation methods. Mixing equation results are less reliable than those of the ground-water simulation for this study. However, more reliable results can be obtained from the mixing equation by increasing the number of samples and collecting samples for a longer period of time, and during different flow conditions. In the absence of a calibrated ground-water flow simulation, the mixing equation can provide a reasonable estimate of the sources of water to a well field at relatively low cost, if sources of error are clearly understood.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri024208","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Independence, Missouri","usgsCitation":"Kelly, B.P., 2002, Ground-water flow simulation and chemical and isotopic mixing equation analysis to determine source contributions to the Missouri River alluvial aquifer in the vicinity of the Independence, Missouri, well field: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4208, iv, 31 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri024208.","productDescription":"iv, 31 p.","numberOfPages":"34","costCenters":[{"id":396,"text":"Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":169283,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2002/4208/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":360413,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2002/4208/wrir20024208.pdf","text":"Report","size":"892 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRIR 2002–4208"}],"contact":"<p>Director, <a href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/cm-water\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/cm-water\">Central Midwest Water Science Center</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>1400 Independence Road<br>Rolla, MO 65401</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Abstract</li><li>Introduction</li><li>Ground-Water Flow Simulation</li><li>Chemical and Isotopic Mixing Equation Analyses</li><li>Synopsis of Contribution of the Missouri River to the Independence Well Field</li><li>Summary</li><li>References</li></ul>","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaae4b07f02db669010","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kelly, Brian P. 0000-0001-6378-2837 bkelly@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6378-2837","contributorId":897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelly","given":"Brian","email":"bkelly@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":396,"text":"Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":231081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70223167,"text":"70223167 - 2002 - The flood pulse concept in wetland restoration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-13T18:18:29.742847","indexId":"70223167","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-15T12:01:43","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"title":"The flood pulse concept in wetland restoration","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Flood pulsing in wetlands: Restoring the natural hydrological balance","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"John Wiley & Sons, Inc.","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","usgsCitation":"Middleton, B.A., 2002, The flood pulse concept in wetland restoration, chap. <i>of</i> Flood pulsing in wetlands: Restoring the natural hydrological balance, p. 1-10.","startPage":"1","endPage":"10","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":387926,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":387925,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.wiley.com/en-us/Flood+Pulsing+in+Wetlands%3A+Restoring+the+Natural+Hydrological+Balance-p-9780471418078","description":"Index Page"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Middleton, Beth A. 0000-0002-1220-2326 middletonb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1220-2326","contributorId":2029,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Middleton","given":"Beth","email":"middletonb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":821203,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Middleton, Beth A. 0000-0002-1220-2326 middletonb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1220-2326","contributorId":2029,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Middleton","given":"Beth","email":"middletonb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":821202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70169931,"text":"70169931 - 2002 - Do pharmaceuticals, pathogens, and other organic wastewater contaminants persist when wastewater is used for recharge?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-30T14:24:33","indexId":"70169931","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-01T13:30:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Do pharmaceuticals, pathogens, and other organic wastewater contaminants persist when wastewater is used for recharge?","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Symposium 2002--Water Transfers: Past, Present, and Future: Proceedings of the fifteenth annual symposium of the Arizona Hydrological Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Fifteenth annual symposium of the Arizona Hydrological Society","conferenceDate":"Sept. 18- 21, 2002","conferenceLocation":"Flagstaff, AZ","language":"English","publisher":"Arizona Hydrological Society","publisherLocation":"Flagstaff, AZ","usgsCitation":"Cordy, G., Duran, N., Bouwer, H., Rice, R., Adamsen, F., Askins, J., Kolpin, D., Furlong, E., Zaugg, S., Meyer, M.T., and Barber, L.B., 2002, Do pharmaceuticals, pathogens, and other organic wastewater contaminants persist when wastewater is used for recharge?, chap. <i>of</i> Symposium 2002--Water Transfers: Past, Present, and Future: Proceedings of the fifteenth annual symposium of the Arizona Hydrological Society, p. 105-109.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"105","endPage":"109","numberOfPages":"5","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":319635,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56fcfb0ce4b0a6037df2bc50","contributors":{"compilers":[{"text":"Tembly, Jeff","contributorId":168366,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tembly","given":"Jeff","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":625652,"contributorType":{"id":3,"text":"Compilers"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Cordy, G.","contributorId":108349,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cordy","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":625641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Duran, N.","contributorId":168362,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Duran","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":625642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bouwer, H.","contributorId":168363,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bouwer","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":625643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rice, R.","contributorId":74570,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rice","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":625644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Adamsen, F.","contributorId":168364,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Adamsen","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":625645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Askins, J.","contributorId":168365,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Askins","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":625646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kolpin, D.W.","contributorId":87565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolpin","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":625647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Furlong, E. T. 0000-0002-7305-4603","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7305-4603","contributorId":98346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Furlong","given":"E. T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":625648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Zaugg, S.D.","contributorId":82811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zaugg","given":"S.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":625649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Meyer, M. T.","contributorId":92279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":625650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Barber, L. B.","contributorId":64602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barber","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":625651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":39975,"text":"wri024078 - 2002 - Streamflow gains and losses along San Francisquito Creek and characterization of surface-water and ground-water quality, southern San Mateo and northern Santa Clara counties, California, 1996-97","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:35","indexId":"wri024078","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-4078","title":"Streamflow gains and losses along San Francisquito Creek and characterization of surface-water and ground-water quality, southern San Mateo and northern Santa Clara counties, California, 1996-97","docAbstract":"San Francisquito Creek is an important source of recharge to the 22-square-mile San Francisquito Creek alluvial fan ground-water subbasin in the southern San Mateo and northern Santa Clara Counties of California. Ground water supplies as much as 20 percent of the water to some area communities. Local residents are concerned that infiltration and consequently ground-water recharge would be reduced if additional flood-control measures are implemented along San Francisquito Creek. To improve the understanding of the surface-water/ground-water interaction between San Francisquito Creek and the San Francisquito Creek alluvial fan, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) estimated streamflow gains and losses along San Francisquito Creek and determined the chemical quality and isotopic composition of surface and ground water in the study area.Streamflow was measured at 13 temporary streamflow-measurement stations to determine streamflow gains and losses along a 8.4-mile section of San Francisquito Creek. A series of five seepage runs between April 1996 and May 1997 indicate that losses in San Francisquito Creek were negligible until it crossed the Pulgas Fault at Sand Hill Road. Streamflow losses increased between Sand Hill Road and Middlefield Road where the alluvial deposits are predominantly coarse-grained and the water table is below the bottom of the channel. The greatest streamflow losses were measured along a 1.8-mile section of the creek between the San Mateo Drive bike bridge and Middlefield Road; average losses between San Mateo Drive and Alma Street and from there to Middlefield Road were 3.1 and 2.5 acre-feet per day, respectively.Downstream from Middlefield Road, streamflow gains and losses owing to seepage may be masked by urban runoff, changes in bank storage, and tidal effects from San Francisco Bay. Streamflow gains measured between Middlefield Road and the 1200 block of Woodland Avenue may be attributable to urban runoff and (or) ground-water inflow. Water-level measurements from nearby wells indicate that the regional water table may coincide with the channel bottom along this reach of San Francisquito Creek, particularly during the winter and early spring when water levels usually reach their maximum. Streamflow losses resumed below the 1200 block of Woodland Avenue, extending downstream to Newell Road. Discharge from a large storm drain between Newell Road and East Bayshore Road may account for the streamflow gains measured between these sites. Streamflow gains were measured between East Bayshore Road and the Palo Alto Municipal Golf Course, but this reach is difficult to characterize because of the probable influence of high tides.Estimated average streamflow losses totaled approximately 1,050 acre-feet per year for the reaches between USGS stream gage 11164500 at Stanford University (upstream of Junipero Serra Boulevard) and the Palo Alto Municipal Golf Course, including approximately 595 acre-feet per year for the 1.8-mile section between San Mateo Drive and Middlefield Road. Approximately 58 percent, or 550 acre-feet, of the total estimated average annual recharge from San Francisquito Creek occurs between the San Mateo Drive and Middlefield Road sites.The chemical composition of San Francisquito Creek water varies as a function of seasonal changes in hydrologic conditions. Measurements of specific conductance indicate that during dry weather and low flow, the dissolved-solids concentrations tends to be high, and during wet weather, the concentration tends to be low owing to dilution by surface water. Compared with water samples from upstream sites at USGS stream gage 11164500 and San Mateo Drive, the samples from the downstream sites at Alma Street and Woodland Avenue had low specific conductance; low concentrations of magnesium, sodium, sulfate, chloride, boron, and total dissolved solids; high nutrient concentrations; and light isotopic compositions indicating that urban runoff constitutes most of the streamflow","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri024078","usgsCitation":"Metzger, L.F., 2002, Streamflow gains and losses along San Francisquito Creek and characterization of surface-water and ground-water quality, southern San Mateo and northern Santa Clara counties, California, 1996-97: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4078, 49 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri024078.","productDescription":"49 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":173052,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3665,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri024078 ","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4de7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Metzger, Loren F. 0000-0003-2454-2966 lmetzger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2454-2966","contributorId":1378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Metzger","given":"Loren","email":"lmetzger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":222724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":39859,"text":"fs05902 - 2002 - Investigation of the geology and hydrology of the upper and middle Verde River watershed of central Arizona: A project of the Arizona Rural Watershed Initiative","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-13T22:01:47.726695","indexId":"fs05902","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"059-02","title":"Investigation of the geology and hydrology of the upper and middle Verde River watershed of central Arizona: A project of the Arizona Rural Watershed Initiative","docAbstract":"<p>The upper and middle Verde River watershed in west-central Arizona is an area rich in natural beauty and cultural history and is an increasingly popular destination for tourists, recreationists, and permanent residents seeking its temperate climate. The diverse terrain of the region includes broad desert valleys, upland plains, forested mountain ranges, narrow canyons, and riparian areas along perennial stream reaches. The area is predominantly in Yavapai County, which in 1999 was the fastest-growing rural county in the United States (Woods and Poole Economics, Inc., 1999); by 2050, the population is projected to more than double. Such growth will increase demands on water resources. The domestic, industrial, and recreational interests of the population will need to be balanced against protection of riparian, woodland, and other natural areas and their associated wildlife and aquatic habitats. Sound management decisions will be required that are based on an understanding of the interactions between local and regional aquifers, surface-water bodies, and recharge and discharge areas. This understanding must include the influence of climate, geology, topography, and cultural development on those components of the hydrologic system.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>In 1999, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Arizona Department of Water Resources (ADWR), initiated a regional investigation of the hydrogeology of the upper and middle Verde River watershed. The project is part of the Rural Watershed Initiative (RWI), a program established by the State of Arizona and managed by the ADWR that addresses water supply issues in rural areas while encouraging participation from stakeholder groups in affected communities. The USGS is performing similar RWI investigations on the Colorado Plateau to the north and in the Mogollon Highlands to the east of the Verde River study area (Parker and Flynn, 2000). The objectives of the RWI investigations are to develop: (1) a single database containing all hydrogeologic data available for the combined areas, (2) an understanding of the geologic units and structures in each area with a focus on how geology influences the storage and movement of ground water, (3) a conceptual model that describes where and how much water enters, flows through, and exits the hydrogeologic system, and (4) a numerical ground-water flow model that can be used to improve understanding of the hydrogeologic system and to test the effects of various scenarios of water-resources development. In 2001, Yavapai County became an additional cooperator in the upper and middle Verde River RWI investigation.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs05902","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Arizona Department of Water Resources and Yavapai County","usgsCitation":"Woodhouse, B., Flynn, M., Parker, J.T., and Hoffmann, J.P., 2002, Investigation of the geology and hydrology of the upper and middle Verde River watershed of central Arizona: A project of the Arizona Rural Watershed Initiative: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 059-02, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs05902.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":425620,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_52136.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":287691,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/0059-02/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":287692,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Verde River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -113.1976,34.3956 ], [ -113.1976,35.8968 ], [ -111.4,35.8968 ], [ -111.4,34.3956 ], [ -113.1976,34.3956 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48b2e4b07f02db5310df","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Woodhouse, Betsy","contributorId":92327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodhouse","given":"Betsy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Flynn, Marilyn E. meflynn@usgs.gov","contributorId":1039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flynn","given":"Marilyn E.","email":"meflynn@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":222444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Parker, John T.C.","contributorId":18766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parker","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"T.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hoffmann, John P. jphoffma@usgs.gov","contributorId":1337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffmann","given":"John","email":"jphoffma@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":222445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":50793,"text":"ofr02291 - 2002 - Hydrologic conditions and quality of rainfall and storm runoff in agricultural and rangeland areas in San Patricio County, Texas, 2000-2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T16:02:43","indexId":"ofr02291","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-291","title":"Hydrologic conditions and quality of rainfall and storm runoff in agricultural and rangeland areas in San Patricio County, Texas, 2000-2001","docAbstract":"<p>During 2000–2001, rainfall and runoff were monitored in one mixed agricultural watershed and two rangeland watersheds in San Patricio County, located in the Coastal Bend area of South Texas. During this period, five rainfall samples were collected and analyzed for selected nutrients. Ten runoff samples from nine runoff events were collected at the three watershed monitoring stations. Runoff samples were analyzed for selected nutrients, major ions, trace elements, pesticides, and bacteria.</p><p>Study area rainfall during 2000 and 2001 was 33.27 and 28.20 inches, respectively, less than the long-term average annual of 36.31 inches. Total runoff from the study area watersheds during 2000–2001 was 2.46 inches; the regional average is about 2 inches per year. Rainfall and runoff during the study period was typical of historical patterns, with periods of below average rainfall interspersed with extreme events. Three individual storm events accounted for about 29 percent of the total rainfall and 86 percent of the total runoff during 2000– 2001.</p><p>Runoff concentrations of nutrients, major ions, and trace elements generally were larger in the mixed agricultural watershed than runoff concentrations in the rangeland watersheds. Pesticides were detected in two of eight runoff samples. Three pesticides (atrazine, deethylatrazine, and trifluralin) were detected in very small concentrations; only deethylatrazine was detected in a concentration greater than the laboratory minimum reporting level.</p><p>Bacteria in agricultural and rangeland runoff is a potential water-quality concern as all fecal coliform and <i>E. coli</i> densities in the runoff samples exceeded Texas Surface Water Quality Standards for receiving waters. However, runoff and relatively large bacteria densities represent very brief and infrequent conditions, and the effect on downstream water is not known.</p><p>Rainfall deposition is a major source of nitrogen delivered to the study area. Rainfall nitrogen (mostly ammonia and nitrate) exceeded the runoff yield. The average annual rainfall deposition of total nitrogen on the study area watersheds was 1.3 pounds per acre. In contrast, an average annual yield of 0.57 and 0.21 pound per acre of total nitrogen in runoff exited the mixed agricultural watershed and the rangeland watersheds, respectively.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr02291","collaboration":"In cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service; San Patricio Soil and Water Conservation District; and The Welder Wildlife Foundation","usgsCitation":"Ockerman, D.J., 2002, Hydrologic conditions and quality of rainfall and storm runoff in agricultural and rangeland areas in San Patricio County, Texas, 2000-2001: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-291, Report: iv, 20 p.; 1 Plate, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02291.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 20 p.; 1 Plate","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":177102,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr02291.JPG"},{"id":333398,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/ofr02-291/pdf/02-291.pdf","text":"Report","size":"609 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":4573,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr02-291/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":333399,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/ofr02-291/02-291_plate.jpg","text":"Plate 1","size":"809 KB jpg","description":"Plate 1"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","county":"San Patricio County","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -97.8,\n              28\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.8,\n              28.3\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.1,\n              28.3\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.1,\n              28\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.8,\n              28\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2de4b07f02db614417","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ockerman, Darwin J. 0000-0003-1958-1688 ockerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1958-1688","contributorId":1579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ockerman","given":"Darwin","email":"ockerman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":242318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":32740,"text":"fs05302 - 2002 - Robowell: Providing accurate and current water-level and water-quality data in real time for protecting ground-water resources","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-18T19:20:16","indexId":"fs05302","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"053-02","displayTitle":"Robowell: Providing Accurate and Current Water-Level and Water-Quality Data in Real Time for Protecting Ground-Water Resources","title":"Robowell: Providing accurate and current water-level and water-quality data in real time for protecting ground-water resources","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs05302","usgsCitation":"Granato, G., and Smith, K.P., 2002, Robowell: Providing accurate and current water-level and water-quality data in real time for protecting ground-water resources: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 053-02, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs05302.","productDescription":"6 p.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":121751,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_053_02.bmp"},{"id":3319,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/FS/fs05302/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0fe4b07f02db5fecd7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Granato, Gregory E. 0000-0002-2561-9913 ggranato@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2561-9913","contributorId":1692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Granato","given":"Gregory E.","email":"ggranato@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":209071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Kirk P. 0000-0003-0269-474X kpsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0269-474X","contributorId":1516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Kirk","email":"kpsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":209070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":32737,"text":"fs04602 - 2002 - The Black Hills Hydrology Study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:10","indexId":"fs04602","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"046-02","title":"The Black Hills Hydrology Study","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/fs04602","usgsCitation":"Carter, J.M., Driscoll, D.G., and Williamson, J., 2002, The Black Hills Hydrology Study: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 046-02, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs04602.","productDescription":"8 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":3316,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/FS/fs04602/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":119245,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2002/0046/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":60656,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2002/0046/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad3e4b07f02db6823b0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carter, Janet M. 0000-0002-6376-3473 jmcarter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6376-3473","contributorId":339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"Janet","email":"jmcarter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":209064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Driscoll, Daniel G. dgdrisco@usgs.gov","contributorId":1558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Driscoll","given":"Daniel","email":"dgdrisco@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":209065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Williamson, Joyce E. jewillia@usgs.gov","contributorId":1964,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williamson","given":"Joyce E.","email":"jewillia@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":209066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":32735,"text":"fs02702 - 2002 - Pharmaceuticals, hormones, and other organic wastewater contaminants in U.S. streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-07T13:37:31.14403","indexId":"fs02702","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"027-02","title":"Pharmaceuticals, hormones, and other organic wastewater contaminants in U.S. streams","docAbstract":"<p>A recent study by the Toxic Substances Hydrology Program of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) shows that a broad range of chemicals found in residential, industrial, and agricultural wastewaters commonly occurs in mixtures at low concentrations downstream from areas of intense urbanization and animal production. The chemicals include human and veterinary drugs (including antibiotics), natural and synthetic hormones, detergent metabolites, plasticizers, insecticides, and fire retardants. One or more of these chemicals were found in 80 percent of the streams sampled. Half of the streams contained 7 or more of these chemicals, and about one-third of the streams contained 10 or more of these chemicals. This study is the first national-scale examination of these organic wastewater contaminants in streams and supports the USGS mission to assess the quantity and quality of the Nation's water resources. A more complete analysis of these and other emerging water-quality issues is ongoing.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs02702","usgsCitation":"Buxton, H.T., and Kolpin, D.W., 2002, Pharmaceuticals, hormones, and other organic wastewater contaminants in U.S. streams: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 027-02, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs02702.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":119244,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_027_02.jpg"},{"id":3314,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2002/0027/fs-027-02.pdf","text":"Report","size":"240 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS-027-02"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": 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]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adfe4b07f02db68793c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Buxton, Herbert T. hbuxton@usgs.gov","contributorId":1911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buxton","given":"Herbert","email":"hbuxton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":5056,"text":"Office of the AD Energy and Minerals, and Environmental Health","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":209061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kolpin, Dana W. 0000-0002-3529-6505 dwkolpin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3529-6505","contributorId":1239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolpin","given":"Dana","email":"dwkolpin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":209060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":39941,"text":"wri024166 - 2002 - Detection of fresh ground water and a contaminant plume beneath Red Brook Harbor, Cape Cod, Massachusetts, 2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-07T19:57:49.365507","indexId":"wri024166","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-4166","title":"Detection of fresh ground water and a contaminant plume beneath Red Brook Harbor, Cape Cod, Massachusetts, 2000","docAbstract":"Trichloroethene and tetrachloroethene were detected in ground water in a vertical interval from about 68 to 176 feet below sea level beneath the shoreline where the contaminant plume emanating from a capped landfill on the Massachusetts Military Reservation intersects Red Brook Harbor. The highest concentrations at the shoreline, about 15 micrograms per liter of trichloroethene and 1 microgram per liter of tetrachloroethene, were measured in samples from one well at about 176 feet below sea level. The concentrations of nutrients, such as nitrate and ammonium, and trace metals, such as iron and manganese, in these same samples are typical of uncontaminated ground water on Cape Cod. Fresh ground water (bulk electrical conductance less than 100 millisiemens per meter) is present beneath the harbor at 40 of 48 locations investigated within about 250 feet of the shoreline. Fresh ground water also was detected at one location approximately 450 feet from shore. The harbor bottom consists of soft sediments that range in thickness from 0 to greater than 20 feet and overlie sandy aquifer materials. Trichloroethene was detected at several locations in fresh ground water from the sandy aquifer materials beneath the harbor. The highest trichloroethene concentration, about 4.5 micrograms per liter, was measured about 450 feet from shore.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri024166","usgsCitation":"McCobb, T.D., and LeBlanc, D.R., 2002, Detection of fresh ground water and a contaminant plume beneath Red Brook Harbor, Cape Cod, Massachusetts, 2000: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4166, iv, 36 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri024166.","productDescription":"iv, 36 p.","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":3639,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri024166/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":415462,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_52728.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":165036,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Cape Cod, Red Brook Harbor","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -70.6728,\n              41.6814\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.6728,\n              41.65\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.5778,\n              41.65\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.5778,\n              41.6814\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.6728,\n              41.6814\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db6679f9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCobb, Timothy D. 0000-0003-1533-847X tmccobb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1533-847X","contributorId":2012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCobb","given":"Timothy","email":"tmccobb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":222657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"LeBlanc, Denis R. 0000-0002-4646-2628 dleblanc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4646-2628","contributorId":1696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LeBlanc","given":"Denis","email":"dleblanc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":222656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":39932,"text":"wri024143 - 2002 - Simulated changes in the sources of ground water for public-supply wells, ponds, streams, and coastal areas on western Cape Cod, Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-18T19:36:31","indexId":"wri024143","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-4143","title":"Simulated changes in the sources of ground water for public-supply wells, ponds, streams, and coastal areas on western Cape Cod, Massachusetts","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri024143","usgsCitation":"Masterson, J., Hess, K.M., Walter, D.A., and LeBlanc, D.R., 2002, Simulated changes in the sources of ground water for public-supply wells, ponds, streams, and coastal areas on western Cape Cod, Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4143, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri024143.","productDescription":"12 p.","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":164640,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3632,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri024143","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts ","otherGeospatial":"Cape Cod","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -70.7025146484375,\n              41.49623534616764\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.7796630859375,\n              41.49623534616764\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.7796630859375,\n              42.12267315117256\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.7025146484375,\n              42.12267315117256\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.7025146484375,\n              41.49623534616764\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f9e4b07f02db5f38ae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Masterson, John P. 0000-0003-3202-4413 jpmaster@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3202-4413","contributorId":1865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masterson","given":"John P.","email":"jpmaster@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":222638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hess, Kathryn M.","contributorId":49012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hess","given":"Kathryn","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Walter, Donald A. 0000-0003-0879-4477 dawalter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0879-4477","contributorId":1101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walter","given":"Donald","email":"dawalter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":222636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"LeBlanc, Denis R. 0000-0002-4646-2628 dleblanc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4646-2628","contributorId":1696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LeBlanc","given":"Denis","email":"dleblanc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":222637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":39963,"text":"wri024003 - 2002 - Geohydrology of a deep-aquifer system monitoring-well site at Marina, Monterey County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-14T15:22:36.058168","indexId":"wri024003","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-4003","title":"Geohydrology of a deep-aquifer system monitoring-well site at Marina, Monterey County, California","docAbstract":"In 2000, a deep-aquifer system monitoring-well site (DMW1) was completed at Marina, California to provide basic geologic and hydrologic information about the deep-aquifer system in the coastal region of the Salinas Valley. The monitoring-well site contains four wells in a single borehole; one completed from 930 to 950 feet below land surface (bls) in the Paso Robles Formation (DMW1-4); one 1,040 to 1,060 feet below land surface in the upper Purisima Formation (DMW1-3); one from 1,410 to 1,430 feet below land surface in the middle Purisima Formation (DMW1-2); and one from 1,820 to 1,860 feet below land surface in the lower Purisima Formation (DMW1-1). The monitoring site is installed between the coast and several deep-aquifer system supply wells in the Marina Coast Water District, and the completion depths are within the zones screened in those supply wells. Sediments below a depth of 955 feet at DMW1 are Pliocene age, whereas the sediments encountered at the water-supply wells are Pleistocene age at an equivalent depth. Water levels are below sea level in DMW1 and the Marina Water District deep-aquifer system supply wells, which indicate that the potential for seawater intrusion exists in the deep-aquifer system. If the aquifers at DMW1 are hydraulically connected with the submarine outcrops in Monterey Bay, then the water levels at the DMW1 site are 8 to 27 feet below the level necessary to prevent seawater intrusion. Numerous thick fine-grained interbeds and confining units in the aquifer systems retard the vertical movement of fresh and saline ground water between aquifers and restrict the movement of seawater to narrow water-bearing zones in the upper-aquifer system.Hydraulic testing of the DMW1 and the Marina Water District supply wells indicates that the tested zones within the deep-aquifer system are transmissive water-bearing units with hydraulic conductivities ranging from 2 to 14.5 feet per day. The hydraulic properties of the supply wells and monitoring wells are similar, even though the wells are completed in different geologic formations.Geophysical logs collected at the DMW1 site indicate saline water in most water-bearing zones shallower than 720 feet below land surface and from about 1,025 to 1,130 feet below land surface, and indicate fresher water from about 910 to 950 feet below land surface (DMW1-4), 1,130 to 1,550 feet below land surface, and below 1,650 feet below land surface. Temporal differences between electromagnetic induction logs indicate possible seasonal seawater intrusion in five water-bearing zones from 350 to 675 feet below land surface in the upper-aquifer system.The water-chemistry analyses from the deep-aquifer system monitoring and supply wells indicate that these deep aquifers in the Marina area contain potable water with the exception of the saline water in well DMW1-3. The saline water from well DMW1-3 has a chloride concentration of 10,800 milligrams per liter and dissolved solids concentration of 23,800 milligrams per liter. The source of this water was determined not to be recent seawater based on geochemical indicators and the age of the ground water. The high salinity of this ground water may be related to the dissolution of salts from the saline marine clays that surround the water-bearing zone screened by DMW1-3. The major ion water chemistry of the monitoring wells and the nearby MCWD water-supply wells are similar, which may indicate they are in hydraulic connection, even though the stratigraphic layers differ below 955 feet below land surface.No tritium was detected in samples from the deep monitoring wells. The lack of tritium suggest that there is no recent recharge water (less than 50 years old) in the deep-aquifer system at the DMW1 site. The carbon-14 analyses of these samples indicate ground water from the monitoring site was recharged thousands of years ago.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri024003","usgsCitation":"Hanson, R.T., Everett, R., Newhouse, M.W., Crawford, S.M., Pimentel, M.I., and Smith, G.A., 2002, Geohydrology of a deep-aquifer system monitoring-well site at Marina, Monterey County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4003, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri024003.","productDescription":"HTML Document","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":169531,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3654,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri024003","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":394774,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_51437.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Monterey County","city":"Marina","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -121.9719,\n              36.5872\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.5556,\n              36.58972\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.5556,\n              36.8392\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.9719,\n              36.8392\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.9719,\n              36.5872\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48cfe4b07f02db5463d5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hanson, Randall T. 0000-0002-9819-7141 rthanson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9819-7141","contributorId":801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanson","given":"Randall","email":"rthanson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":222693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Everett, Rhett R. 0000-0001-7983-6270 reverett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7983-6270","contributorId":843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Everett","given":"Rhett R.","email":"reverett@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":222694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Newhouse, Mark W.","contributorId":36181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newhouse","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Crawford, Steven M.","contributorId":80714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crawford","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pimentel, M. Isabel","contributorId":54257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pimentel","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"Isabel","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Smith, Gregory A. 0000-0001-8170-9924 gasmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8170-9924","contributorId":1520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Gregory","email":"gasmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":222695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":39967,"text":"wri024022 - 2002 - Hydrogeology and simulation of ground-water flow and land-surface subsidence in the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers, Houston area, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T15:59:10","indexId":"wri024022","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-4022","title":"Hydrogeology and simulation of ground-water flow and land-surface subsidence in the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers, Houston area, Texas","docAbstract":"<p>In November 1997, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the City of Houston Utilities Planning Section and the City of Houston Department of Public Works &amp; Engineering, began an investigation of the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers in the greater Houston area in Texas to better understand the hydrology, flow, and associated land-surface subsidence. The principal part of the investigation was a numerical finite-difference model (MODFLOW) developed to simulate ground-water flow and land-surface subsidence in an 18,100-square-mile area encompassing greater Houston.</p><p>The focus of the study was Harris and Galveston Counties, but other counties were included to achieve the appropriate boundary conditions. The model was vertically discretized into three 103-row by 109-column layers resulting in a total of 33,681 grid cells. Layer 1 represents the water table using a specified head, layer 2 represents the Chicot aquifer, and layer 3 represents the Evangeline aquifer.</p><p>Simulations were made under transient conditions for 31 ground-water-withdrawal (stress) periods spanning 1891–1996. The years 1977 and 1996 were chosen as potentiometric-surface calibration periods for the model. Simulated and measured potentiometric surfaces of the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers for 1977 match closely. Waterlevel measurements indicate that by 1977, large ground-water withdrawals in east-central and southeastern areas of Harris County had caused the potentiometric surfaces to decline as much as 250 feet below sea level in the Chicot aquifer and as much as 350 feet below sea level in the Evangeline aquifer. Simulated and measured potentiometric surfaces of the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers for 1996 also match closely. The large potentiometric-surface decline in 1977 in the southeastern Houston area showed significant recovery by 1996. The 1996 centers of potentiometric-surface decline are located much farther northwest. Potentiometric-surface declines of more than 200 feet below sea level in the Chicot aquifer and more than 350 feet below sea level in the Evangeline aquifer were measured in observation wells and simulated in the flow model.</p><p>Simulation of land-surface subsidence and water released from storage in the clay layers was accomplished using the Interbed-Storage Package of the MODFLOW model. Land-surface subsidence was calibrated by comparing simulated long-term (1891–1995) and short-term (1978–95) land-surface subsidence with published maps of land-surface subsidence for about the same period until acceptable matches were achieved.</p><p>Simulated 1996 Chicot aquifer flow rates indicate that a net flow of 562.5 cubic feet per second enters the Chicot aquifer in the outcrop area, and a net flow of 459.5 cubic feet per second passes through the Chicot aquifer into the Evangeline aquifer. The remaining 103.0 cubic feet per second of flow is withdrawn as pumpage, with a shortfall of about 84.9 cubic feet per second supplied to the wells from storage in sands and clays. Water simulated from storage in clays in the Chicot aquifer is about 19 percent of the total water withdrawn from the aquifer.</p><p>Simulated 1996 Evangeline aquifer flow rates indicate that a net flow of 14.8 cubic feet per second enters the Evangeline aquifer in the outcrop area, and a net flow of 459.5 cubic feet per second passes through the Chicot aquifer into the Evangeline aquifer for a total inflow of 474.3 cubic feet per second. A greater amount, 528.6 cubic feet per second, is withdrawn by wells; the shortfall of about 54.8 cubic feet per second is supplied from storage in sands and clays. Water simulated from storage in clays in the Evangeline aquifer is about 10 percent of the total water withdrawn from the aquifer.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri024022","collaboration":"In cooperation with the City of Houston","usgsCitation":"Kasmarek, M.C., and Strom, E.W., 2002, Hydrogeology and simulation of ground-water flow and land-surface subsidence in the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers, Houston area, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4022, HTML Document; Report: v, 61 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri024022.","productDescription":"HTML Document; Report: v, 61 p. ","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":170067,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri024022.JPG"},{"id":3657,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri024022","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":333403,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri024022/pdf/wri02-4022.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.56 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","city":"Houston","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -97,\n              30\n            ],\n            [\n              -95,\n              31\n            ],\n            [\n              -94,\n              29.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -96,\n              28.4\n            ],\n            [\n              -97,\n              30\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4be4b07f02db625394","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kasmarek, Mark C. 0000-0003-2808-2506 mckasmar@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2808-2506","contributorId":1968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kasmarek","given":"Mark","email":"mckasmar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":222706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Strom, Eric W. ewstrom@usgs.gov","contributorId":337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Strom","given":"Eric","email":"ewstrom@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":222705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":39966,"text":"wri024019 - 2002 - Simulated ground-water flow, Naval Air Warfare Center, West Trenton, New Jersey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-18T19:29:40","indexId":"wri024019","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-4019","title":"Simulated ground-water flow, Naval Air Warfare Center, West Trenton, New Jersey","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri024019","usgsCitation":"Lewis-Brown, J., and Rice, D., 2002, Simulated ground-water flow, Naval Air Warfare Center, West Trenton, New Jersey: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4019, 44 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri024019.","productDescription":"44 p. ","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":67744,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2002/4019/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":169986,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2002/4019/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","city":"Trenton","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -74.82376098632812,\n              40.175725518346916\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.71733093261719,\n              40.175725518346916\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.71733093261719,\n              40.26328463366687\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.82376098632812,\n              40.26328463366687\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.82376098632812,\n              40.175725518346916\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f9e4b07f02db5f31cc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lewis-Brown, J. C.","contributorId":25225,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis-Brown","given":"J. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rice, D.E.","contributorId":44188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rice","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":39968,"text":"wri024024 - 2002 - Hydrologic characteristics of Bear Creek near Silver Hill and Buffalo River near St. Joe, Arkansas, 1999-2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:19","indexId":"wri024024","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-4024","title":"Hydrologic characteristics of Bear Creek near Silver Hill and Buffalo River near St. Joe, Arkansas, 1999-2000","docAbstract":"The Buffalo River and its tributary Bear Creek are in the White River Basin in the Ozark Plateaus in north-central Arkansas. Analysis of streamflow measurements and water-quality samples at a site on Bear Creek and a site on the Buffalo River in Searcy County, Arkansas, quantify differences between the two sites during calendar years 1999 and 2000. Streamflow and water quality also vary seasonally at each site. Mean annual streamflow was substantially larger at the Buffalo River site (836 and 719 cubic feet per second in 1999 and 2000) than at the Bear Creek site (56 and 63 cubic feet per second). However, during times of low flow, discharge of Bear Creek comprises a larger proportion of the flow of the Buffalo River. Concentrations of nutrients, fecal-indicator bacteria, dissolved organic carbon, and suspended sediment generally were greater in samples from Bear Creek than in samples from the Buffalo River. Statistically significant differences were detected in concentrations of nitrite plus nitrate, total nitrogen, dissolved phosphorus, orthophosphorus, total phosphorus, fecal coliform bacteria, and suspended sediment. Loads varied between sites, hydrologic conditions, seasons, and years. Loads were substantially higher for the Buffalo River than for Bear Creek (as would be expected because of the Buffalo?s higher streamflow). Loads contributed by surface runoff usually comprised more than 85 percent of the annual load. Constituent yields (loads divided by drainage area) were much more similar between sites than were loads. Flow-weighted concentrations and dissolved constituent yields generally were greater for Bear Creek than yields for the Buffalo River and flowweighted concentrations yields were higher than typical flow-weighted concentrations and yields in undeveloped basins, but lower than flow-weighted concentrations and yields at a site in a more developed basin.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri024024","usgsCitation":"Petersen, J.C., Haggard, B.E., and Green, W.R., 2002, Hydrologic characteristics of Bear Creek near Silver Hill and Buffalo River near St. Joe, Arkansas, 1999-2000: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4024, 36 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri024024.","productDescription":"36 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":3658,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://ar.water.usgs.gov/LOCAL_REPORTS/WRIR_02-4024.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":123572,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri_2002_4024.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e8ab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Petersen, Jim C.","contributorId":43816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petersen","given":"Jim","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haggard, Brian E.","contributorId":20299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haggard","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Green, W. Reed","contributorId":87886,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Green","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"Reed","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":39934,"text":"wri024148 - 2002 - Metal concentrations and sources in the Miller Creek watershed, Park County, Montana, August 2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-20T06:25:52","indexId":"wri024148","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-4148","title":"Metal concentrations and sources in the Miller Creek watershed, Park County, Montana, August 2000","docAbstract":"Miller Creek is a tributary of Soda Butte Creek in south-central Montana near the northeast corner of Yellowstone National Park. Surface-water and streambed-sediment samples were collected from streams and seeps throughout the Miller Creek watershed during low-flow conditions on August 28-31, 2000, to characterize metal concentrations and identify possible sources contributing metal to Miller Creek. \r\n\r\nMost water in Miller Creek appears to be unaffected by mining disturbances or natural weathering of mineralized rocks, although such effects are common elsewhere in the New World Mining District. Values for pH were near neutral to basic. Total-recoverable copper, lead, and zinc concentrations were low, relative to State of Montana water-quality standards, with many concentrations less than the analytical minimum reporting levels. Metal concentrations in Miller Creek during this study ranged from 1 to 6 micrograms per liter (?g/L) for total-recoverable copper, <1 to 5 ?g/L for total-recoverable lead, and <1 to 26 ?g/L for total-recoverable zinc. Concentrations of cadmium, copper, lead, and zinc in all samples from Miller Creek were less than the chronic aquatic-life criteria, except for one total-recoverable lead value (5 ?g/L) just downstream from the Black Warrior Mine inflow. \r\n\r\nLeachable lead and zinc concentrations in streambed-sediment samples collected during this study were highest at the Black Warrior Mine inflow. Leachable concentrations at this site were about 20 times greater for lead and 11 times greater for zinc than concentrations in the streambed-sediment sample collected from Miller Creek upstream from this inflow. However, these elevated concentrations had little effect on the leachable metal concentrations in the streambed-sediment sample collected downstream from the Black Warrior Mine inflow. \r\n\r\nMetal loading to Miller Creek during this low-flow study was relatively small. Three small left-bank inflows having elevated copper concentrations entered Miller Creek near the middle of the study reach and their combined total-recoverable copper load accounted for about 96 percent of the copper load in Miller Creek. Small loads of lead (about 2 micrograms per second) entered Miller Creek from the Black Warrior Mine inflow and a right bank inflow. None of the loads entering Miller Creek had an appreciable effect on mainstem metal concentrations. In addition, substantial differences between mining related areas and areas influenced by local geology could not be determined.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri024148","usgsCitation":"Cleasby, T., and Nimick, D.A., 2002, Metal concentrations and sources in the Miller Creek watershed, Park County, Montana, August 2000: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4148, 32 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri024148.","productDescription":"32 p. ","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":164738,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3634,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri024148","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","county":"Park County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-110.2821,46.1847],[-110.2815,46.1596],[-110.2816,46.1348],[-110.2901,46.1344],[-110.2904,46.0447],[-110.29,45.9595],[-110.2908,45.9289],[-110.2916,45.8708],[-110.2912,45.7852],[-110.2207,45.7842],[-110.2182,45.6072],[-110.2145,45.5523],[-110.2175,45.4824],[-110.2166,45.37],[-110.2167,45.3494],[-110.2297,45.3494],[-110.2286,45.2946],[-110.2275,45.259],[-110.2276,45.2306],[-110.227,45.2051],[-110.2271,45.1763],[-110.059,45.1758],[-109.7977,45.1729],[-109.7977,45.1665],[-109.7979,45.0939],[-109.7969,45.003],[-109.8524,45.0029],[-109.9988,45.0026],[-110.1325,45.0022],[-110.133,45.0021],[-110.2006,44.9942],[-110.3717,44.9972],[-110.4021,44.9921],[-110.4302,44.9921],[-110.5806,44.9925],[-110.7072,44.9929],[-110.7756,45.0019],[-110.7823,45.0018],[-110.8004,45.0017],[-111.0418,45],[-111.0411,45.078],[-111.0427,45.0773],[-111.0429,45.1024],[-111.0424,45.1307],[-111.042,45.1599],[-111.0422,45.1791],[-111.0364,45.1791],[-111.0355,45.234],[-111.0357,45.2614],[-111.0351,45.3495],[-110.9366,45.349],[-110.9145,45.3486],[-110.9146,45.3619],[-110.9164,45.451],[-110.9174,45.4953],[-110.9175,45.5245],[-110.859,45.5247],[-110.8568,45.5896],[-110.7943,45.5902],[-110.7937,45.6113],[-110.794,45.6657],[-110.7935,45.6977],[-110.7942,45.7132],[-110.7945,45.7864],[-110.7886,45.7864],[-110.7888,45.8299],[-110.7884,45.8871],[-110.7893,45.9301],[-110.7887,45.9452],[-110.7889,46.1425],[-110.7836,46.1425],[-110.7825,46.1933],[-110.5789,46.1913],[-110.55,46.1913],[-110.5264,46.1913],[-110.4062,46.1904],[-110.4068,46.1844],[-110.3031,46.1852],[-110.2821,46.1847]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Park\",\"state\":\"MT\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4be4b07f02db6256ee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cleasby, Thomas E. 0000-0003-0694-1541","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0694-1541","contributorId":21993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cleasby","given":"Thomas E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nimick, David A. dnimick@usgs.gov","contributorId":421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nimick","given":"David","email":"dnimick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":573,"text":"Special Applications Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":222646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":44645,"text":"wri024127 - 2002 - Water quality of the Tlikakila River and five major tributaries to Lake Clark, Lake Clark National Park and Preserve, Alaska, 1999-2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:01","indexId":"wri024127","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-4127","title":"Water quality of the Tlikakila River and five major tributaries to Lake Clark, Lake Clark National Park and Preserve, Alaska, 1999-2001","docAbstract":"The Tlikakila River Basin, located in Lake Clark National Park and Preserve, drains an area of 622 square miles. This watershed comprises about 21 percent of the Lake Clark Basin, making it one of the major tributaries to Lake Clark. Due to a sharp decline in sockeye salmon population and the lack of hydrologic data, the Tlikakila River and five other major tributaries to Lake Clark were studied during the summer runoff months (May through September) from 1999 through 2001 as part of a cooperative study with the National Park Service.\r\n\r\nMeasurements of pH and dissolved oxygen concentrations of the Tlikakila River are within acceptable limits for fish survival. Water temperatures at the measurement site reach 0 ?C during the winter and this part of the Tlikakila River may not be suitable for fish. Water temperatures are within acceptable limits for fish during the summer months. The Tlikakila River is a calcium bicarbonate type water with a low buffering capacity. Concentrations of un-ionized ammonia are well below the recommended value of 0.02 mg/L for fish propagation. Annual transport of suspended sediment by the Tlikakila River into Lake Clark ranged from 0.4 to 1.5 million tons during 1999?2001. The fine sediment from the Tlikakila River disperses through the lake over the summer, affecting light transmissivity.\r\n\r\nMost runoff from the Tlikakila River occurs from mid-to-late May through September. Average discharge for these months during 1999?2001 was 6,600 ft?/s. Total annual inflow to Lake Clark from the Tlikakila River ranged from 32 to 45 percent of the total inflow. The relatively high proportion of inflow is due to the presence of glaciers, which comprise 36 percent of the watershed. \r\n\r\nMonthly measurements of flow, field water-quality parameters, alkalinity, and suspended sediment were collected on the remaining five tributaries to Lake Clark: the Chokotonk River, Currant Creek, the Kijik River, the Tanalian River and the Chulitna River. Similar to the Tlikakila River, pH and dissolved oxygen concentrations of these rivers are within acceptable limits for fish survival and the rivers have a low buffering capacity. Small amounts of suspended sediment are transported by the Kijik and Tanalian Rivers due to lakes acting as settling basins in their watersheds. The Chulitna River also transports small amounts of suspended sediment due to its flat topography and the presence of many lakes in the basin. Some suspended sediment is transported by the Chokotonk River and Currant Creek during the runoff season due to the presence of glaciers within their basins, but not as much as the Tlikakila River. The Chulitna River provides the most discharge into Lake Clark after the Tlikakila River and has the warmest water temperature of the major tributaries to Lake Clark. Water temperatures of Currant Creek and the Chokotonk River are similar to the Tlikakila River. The Kijik River and Tanalian River have similar temperatures that may be due to the presence of lakes in their basins and are characterize by slowly declining and rising temperatures. At all sites water temperature approaches 0 ?C during winter months which may not be suitable for fish survival.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri024127","usgsCitation":"Brabets, T.P., 2002, Water quality of the Tlikakila River and five major tributaries to Lake Clark, Lake Clark National Park and Preserve, Alaska, 1999-2001: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4127, iv, 29 p. : b ill. (some col.), col. maps ; 28 cm.; 21 illus.; 18 tables, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri024127.","productDescription":"iv, 29 p. : b ill. (some col.), col. maps ; 28 cm.; 21 illus.; 18 tables","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":3735,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri024127","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":168829,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48d3e4b07f02db548dd4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brabets, Timothy P. tbrabets@usgs.gov","contributorId":2087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brabets","given":"Timothy","email":"tbrabets@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":230183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":39960,"text":"wri20014250 - 2002 - Hydrology and water quality near Bromide Pavilion in Chickasaw National Recreation Area, Murray County, Oklahoma, 2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-26T16:44:14","indexId":"wri20014250","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-4250","displayTitle":"Hydrology and Water Quality near Bromide Pavilion in Chickasaw National Recreation Area, Murray County, Oklahoma, 2000","title":"Hydrology and water quality near Bromide Pavilion in Chickasaw National Recreation Area, Murray County, Oklahoma, 2000","docAbstract":"The Bromide Pavilion in Chickasaw National Recreation Area drew many thousands of people annually to drink the mineral-rich waters piped from nearby Bromide and Medicine Springs. Periodic detection of fecal coliform bacteria in water piped to the pavilion from the springs, low yields of the springs, or flooding by adjacent Rock Creek prompted National Park Service officials to discontinue piping of the springs to the pavilion in the 1970s. Park officials would like to resume piping mineralized spring water to the pavilion to restore it as a visitor attraction, but they are concerned about the ability of the springs to provide sufficient quantities of potable water. \r\n\r\nPumping and sampling of Bromide and Medicine Springs and Rock Creek six times during 2000 indicate that these springs may not provide sufficient water for Bromide Pavilion to supply large numbers of visitors. A potential problem with piping water from Medicine Spring is the presence of an undercut, overhanging cliff composed of conglomerate, which may collapse. Evidence of intermittent inundation of the springs by Rock Creek and seepage of surface water into the spring vaults from the adjoining creek pose a threat of contamination of the springs. \r\n\r\nEscherichia coli, fecal coliform, and fecal streptococcal bacteria were detected in some samples from the springs, indicating possible fecal contamination. Cysts of Giardia lamblia and oocysts of Cryptosporidium parvum protozoa were not detected in the creek or the springs. Total culturable enteric viruses were detected in only one water sample taken from Rock Creek.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri20014250","usgsCitation":"Andrews, W.J., and Burrough, S.P., 2002, Hydrology and water quality near Bromide Pavilion in Chickasaw National Recreation Area, Murray County, Oklahoma, 2000: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4250, iv, 31 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri20014250.","productDescription":"iv, 31 p.","costCenters":[{"id":516,"text":"Oklahoma Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":170563,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3652,"rank":100,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri014250/pdf/wri014250.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oklahoma","county":"Murray County","otherGeospatial":"Chickasaw National Recreation Area","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -97.05,34.416666666666664 ], [ -97.05,34.583333333333336 ], [ -96.95,34.583333333333336 ], [ -96.95,34.416666666666664 ], [ -97.05,34.416666666666664 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a18e4b07f02db605190","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Andrews, William J. 0000-0003-4780-8835 wandrews@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4780-8835","contributorId":328,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrews","given":"William","email":"wandrews@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":516,"text":"Oklahoma Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":222689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burrough, Steven P.","contributorId":74057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burrough","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":69369,"text":"ha748 - 2002 - Potentiometric surfaces, altitudes of the tops, and hydrogeology of the Minnelusa and Madison aquifers, Black Hills area, Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-07T11:46:08","indexId":"ha748","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":318,"text":"Hydrologic Atlas","code":"HA","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"748","title":"Potentiometric surfaces, altitudes of the tops, and hydrogeology of the Minnelusa and Madison aquifers, Black Hills area, Wyoming","docAbstract":"<p>The topographically defined Black Hills and adjacent areas (Black Hills area) of Wyoming (fig.&nbsp;1) are underlain by two regionally important aquifers<span>-</span>the Minnelusa and the Madison. The Minnelusa aquifer is used extensively in the Black Hills area as a source of domestic and livestock water. The Madison aquifer is an important source of municipal, industrial, agricultural, and domestic water in both the Black Hills area and other parts of Wyoming. Increased demand for water from the Minnelusa and Madison aquifers in the Black Hills area of Wyoming and South Dakota have created a need for better understanding of the hydrology of these two important aquifers.</p>\n<p>This report presents information on the potentiometric surfaces and altitudes of the tops of the Minnelusa and Madison aquifers in the Black Hills area of northeastern Wyoming using new data collected since completion of earlier studies. In addition, ground-water levels in selected wells are examined, and the relative age of a limited number of ground-water samples are discussed. The information will be of use to government officials, land planners and other individuals who must manage the limited water resources of this growing and developing area.</p>\n<p>The scope of the project was limited to wells and springs in the Black Hills area of Wyoming. Water levels were measured during 1998 and 1999 in wells completed in the Minnelusa and Madison aquifers to construct potentiometric-surface maps. The potentiometric surfaces and altitudes of the tops of the Minnelusa and Madison aquifers were contoured at the same scale (1:100,000) as studies of the aquifers recently conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in the Black Hills area within South Dakota (Carter and Redden, 1999a, 1999b; Strobel and others, 2000a, 2000b). The contours in these studies of the Minnelusa and Madison aquifers in South Dakota were \"edge matched\" as closely as possible along the Wyoming-South Dakota State line using the same contour interval. Use of the same contour interval and edge matching will allow for the use of the maps across State boundaries and improve understanding of the aquifers in a larger area within the Black Hills uplift. In places, some contours could not be matched across the Wyoming-South Dakota State line because this investigation was completed after the South Dakota investigations, and additional control points used in this investigation were located in Wyoming near the State line. The reader should note that Minnelusa and Madison outcrop areas and some structural features may not match in some areas along the Wyoming-South Dakota State line when maps in this study area are aligned or \"edge matched\" with maps produced for the South Dakota studies because different sources of geological mapping were used for the studies. Ground-water samples were collected from a subset of measured wells and analyzed for tritium to qualitatively estimate the time of ground-water recharge.</p>\n<p>This project was conducted by the USGS in cooperation with the Wyoming State Engineer's Office (WSEO). The study area was almost entirely within Crook and Weston Counties in Wyoming and was bordered on the east by the Wyoming-South Dakota State line.</p>","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ha748","usgsCitation":"Bartos, T., Hallberg, L., and Ogle, K.M., 2002, Potentiometric surfaces, altitudes of the tops, and hydrogeology of the Minnelusa and Madison aquifers, Black Hills area, Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Atlas 748, Four sheets; All sheets 42 by 34 inches (in color). , https://doi.org/10.3133/ha748.","productDescription":"Four sheets; All sheets 42 by 34 inches (in color). ","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":191157,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ha748.jpg"},{"id":6318,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/ha748/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"1","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -104.36749999999999,43.5 ], [ -104.36749999999999,44.6175 ], [ -104.11749999999999,44.6175 ], [ -104.11749999999999,43.5 ], [ -104.36749999999999,43.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad3e4b07f02db681f98","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bartos, T.T.","contributorId":6544,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartos","given":"T.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hallberg, L.L.","contributorId":77569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hallberg","given":"L.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ogle, Kathy Muller","contributorId":8896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ogle","given":"Kathy","email":"","middleInitial":"Muller","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
]}