{"pageNumber":"3234","pageRowStart":"80825","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184903,"records":[{"id":70162387,"text":"70162387 - 2000 - An annotated inventory of the herpetofauna of Everglades National Park, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-22T09:02:56","indexId":"70162387","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1672,"text":"Florida Scientist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An annotated inventory of the herpetofauna of Everglades National Park, Florida","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Florida Academy of Sciences","usgsCitation":"Meshaka, W.E., Loftus, W.F., and Steiner, T.M., 2000, An annotated inventory of the herpetofauna of Everglades National Park, Florida: Florida Scientist, v. 63, p. 84-103.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"84","endPage":"103","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314664,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"63","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56a360b9e4b0b28f1183bbe0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meshaka, Walter E. Jr.","contributorId":29277,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meshaka","given":"Walter","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loftus, William F.","contributorId":138881,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Loftus","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":12560,"text":"Aquatic Research & Communication, LLC, Vero Beach, FL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":589355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Steiner, T. M.","contributorId":152442,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Steiner","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70022557,"text":"70022557 - 2000 - Molecular analysis of population genetic structure and recolonization of rainbow trout following the Cantara spill","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-14T13:12:38","indexId":"70022557","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1153,"text":"California Fish and Game","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Molecular analysis of population genetic structure and recolonization of rainbow trout following the Cantara spill","docAbstract":"<p data-mce-style=\"text-align: left;\">Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence and allelic frequency data for 12 microsatellite loci were used to analyze population genetic structure and recolonization by rainbow trout, <i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>, following the 1991 Cantara spill on the upper Sacramento River, California. Genetic analyses were performed on 1,016 wild rainbow trout collected between 1993 and 1996 from the mainstem and in 8 tributaries. Wild trout genotypes were compared to genotypes for 79 Mount Shasta Hatchery rainbow trout. No genetic heterogeneity was found 2 years after the spill (1993) between tributary populations and geographically proximate mainstem fish, suggesting recolonization of the upper mainstem directly from adjacent tributaries. Trout collections made in 1996 showed significant year-class genetic variation for mtDNA and microsatellites when compared to fish from the same locations in 1993. Five years after the spill, mainstem populations appeared genetically mixed with no significant allelic frequency differences between mainstem populations and geographically proximate tributary trout. In our 1996 samples, we found no significant genetic differences due to season of capture (summer or fall) or sampling technique used to capture rainbow trout, with the exception of trout collected by electrofishing and hook and line near Prospect Avenue. Haplotype and allelic frequencies in wild rainbow trout populations captured in the upper Sacramento River and its tributaries were found to differ genetically from Mount Shasta Hatchery trout for both years, with the notable exception of trout collected in the lower mainstem river near Shasta Lake, where mtDNA and microsatellite data both suggested upstream colonization by hatchery fish from the reservoir. These data suggest that the chemical spill in the upper Sacramento River produced significant effects over time on the genetic population structure of rainbow trout throughout the entire upper river basin.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"California Department of Fish and Wildlife","issn":"00081078","usgsCitation":"Nielsen, J., Heine, E.L., Gan, C.A., and Fountain, M.C., 2000, Molecular analysis of population genetic structure and recolonization of rainbow trout following the Cantara spill: California Fish and Game, v. 86, no. 1, p. 21-40.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"21","endPage":"40","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":230654,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":335157,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.wildlife.ca.gov/Publications/Journal/Contents#2000","text":"Volume 86 on Publisher's Website"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sacremento River","volume":"86","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5cf1e4b0c8380cd70059","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nielsen, J.L.","contributorId":105665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nielsen","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Heine, Erika L.","contributorId":108367,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Heine","given":"Erika","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gan, Christina A.","contributorId":96539,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gan","given":"Christina","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fountain, Monique C.","contributorId":18528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fountain","given":"Monique","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70162320,"text":"70162320 - 2000 - A landmark publication on the amphibians of northern Eurasia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-21T11:43:37","indexId":"70162320","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":697,"text":"Alytes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A landmark publication on the amphibians of northern Eurasia","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Dodd, C.K., 2000, A landmark publication on the amphibians of northern Eurasia: Alytes, v. 18, p. 91-94.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"91","endPage":"94","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314588,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56a20f41e4b0961cf2811bc1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dodd, C. Kenneth Jr.","contributorId":89215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dodd","given":"C.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"Kenneth","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70162326,"text":"70162326 - 2000 - Inventory of the fishes of Everglades National Park","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-21T13:22:45","indexId":"70162326","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1672,"text":"Florida Scientist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Inventory of the fishes of Everglades National Park","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Florida Academy of Sciences","usgsCitation":"Loftus, W., 2000, Inventory of the fishes of Everglades National Park: Florida Scientist, v. 63, p. 27-47.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"27","endPage":"47","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314597,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"63","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56a20f4ae4b0961cf2811bf5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Loftus, W.F.","contributorId":29363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loftus","given":"W.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70022572,"text":"70022572 - 2000 - Linear and nonlinear sorption of nonpolar and polar organic compounds from water to soil","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:43","indexId":"70022572","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Linear and nonlinear sorption of nonpolar and polar organic compounds from water to soil","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkTitle":"ACS Division of Environmental Chemistry, Preprints","language":"English","issn":"00933066","usgsCitation":"Chiou, C.T., 2000, Linear and nonlinear sorption of nonpolar and polar organic compounds from water to soil, <i>in</i> ACS Division of Environmental Chemistry, Preprints, v. 40, no. 2, p. 122-124.","startPage":"122","endPage":"124","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":230842,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"40","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a47bce4b0c8380cd6794d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chiou, C. T.","contributorId":97080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chiou","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70022591,"text":"70022591 - 2000 - REE speciation in low-temperature acidic waters and the competitive effects of aluminum","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-12T08:45:04","indexId":"70022591","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"REE speciation in low-temperature acidic waters and the competitive effects of aluminum","docAbstract":"<p>The effect of simultaneous competitive speciation of dissolved rare earth elements (REEs) in acidic waters (pH 3.3 to 5.2) has been evaluated by applying the PHREEQE code to the speciation of water analyses from Spain, Brazil, USA, and Canada. The main ions that might affect REE are Al3+, F-, SO42-, and PO43-. Fluoride, normally a significant complexer of REEs, is strongly associated with Al3+ in acid waters and consequently has little influence on REEs. The inclusion of aluminum concentrations in speciation calculations for acidic waters is essential for reliable speciation of REEs. Phosphate concentrations are too low (10-4 to 10-7 m) to affect REE speciation. Consequently, SO42- is the only important complexing ligand for REEs under these conditions. According to Millero [Millero, F.J., 1992. Stability constants for the formation of rare earth inorganic complexes as a function of ionic strength. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 56, 3123-3132], the lanthanide sulfate stability constants are nearly constant with increasing atomic number so that no REE fractionation would be anticipated from aqueous complexation in acidic waters. Hence, REE enrichments or depletions must arise from mass transfer reactions.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0009-2541(99)00166-7","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Gimeno, S.M., Auque, S.L., and Nordstrom, D.K., 2000, REE speciation in low-temperature acidic waters and the competitive effects of aluminum: Chemical Geology, v. 165, no. 3-4, p. 167-180, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2541(99)00166-7.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"167","endPage":"180","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":230547,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":206683,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2541(99)00166-7"}],"volume":"165","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9339e4b0c8380cd80cb1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gimeno, Serrano M.J.","contributorId":82182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gimeno","given":"Serrano","email":"","middleInitial":"M.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Auque, Sanz L.F.","contributorId":47245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Auque","given":"Sanz","email":"","middleInitial":"L.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nordstrom, D. Kirk 0000-0003-3283-5136 dkn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3283-5136","contributorId":749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nordstrom","given":"D.","email":"dkn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Kirk","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":394179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70162315,"text":"70162315 - 2000 - An unusually patterned spotted python, <i>Antaresia maculosa</i>, from Jourama Falls, Queensland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-21T11:37:21","indexId":"70162315","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1891,"text":"Herpetofauna","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An unusually patterned spotted python, <i>Antaresia maculosa</i>, from Jourama Falls, Queensland","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Australian Herpetological Society","usgsCitation":"Dodd, C.K., 2000, An unusually patterned spotted python, <i>Antaresia maculosa</i>, from Jourama Falls, Queensland: Herpetofauna, v. 30, no. 2, p. 10-11.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"10","endPage":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314587,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56a20f42e4b0961cf2811bc7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dodd, C. Kenneth Jr.","contributorId":89215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dodd","given":"C.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"Kenneth","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70022546,"text":"70022546 - 2000 - The northern Sacramento Mountains, southwest United States. Part II: Exhumation history and detachment faulting","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-12-03T13:12:36","indexId":"70022546","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1785,"text":"Geological Society Special Publication","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The northern Sacramento Mountains, southwest United States. Part II: Exhumation history and detachment faulting","docAbstract":"Thermochronologic and thermobarometric data reveal the timing, distribution and intensity of thermal events associated with detachment faulting in the Sacramento Mountains metamorphic core complex. In the northwest Sacramento Mountains, cooling rates of c. 100°C Ma<sup>−1</sup> are associated with Late Cretaceous plutonism followed by cooling of the crust by thermal conduction. Post-Late Cretaceous cooling slowed to c. 1–6°C Ma<sup>−1</sup>. Finally, the region records average cooling rates of 38–53°C Ma<sup>−1</sup> between c. 20 and 15 Ma. In contrast, the thermal profile of the northeast Sacramento Mountains is dominated by syntectonic Tertiary plutonism followed by very rapid cooling. A granodioritic suite intruded at c. 680°C and c. 3 kbar at c. 20 Ma, records cooling to <100°C by c. 15 Ma. Such rapid cooling and exhumation suggests that unroofing by tectonic denudation was the driving mechanism for the final cooling. The similarity of the miocene cooling profiles between these two areas clearly suggests that the Sacramento Mountains experienced a regional cooling event associated with tectonic unroofing driven by regional Miocene crustal extension. Estimates of the initial angle of the Sacramento Mountains detachment fault using palaeothermal gradients suggest that it was active at a dip of 25°.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geological Society Special Publication","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.164.01.11","issn":"03058719","usgsCitation":"Pease, V., Foster, D., Wooden, J., O'Sullivan, P., Argent, J., and Fanning, C., 2000, The northern Sacramento Mountains, southwest United States. Part II: Exhumation history and detachment faulting: Geological Society Special Publication, v. 164, p. 199-238, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.164.01.11.","startPage":"199","endPage":"238","numberOfPages":"40","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":230468,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280153,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.164.01.11"}],"volume":"164","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1999-11-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bae2be4b08c986b323f31","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pease, V.","contributorId":38384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pease","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Foster, D.","contributorId":36892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wooden, J.","contributorId":21736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wooden","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"O'Sullivan, P.","contributorId":9918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Sullivan","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Argent, J.","contributorId":10675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Argent","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Fanning, C.","contributorId":90981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fanning","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70022548,"text":"70022548 - 2000 - Habitat and landscape correlates of presence, density, and species richness of birds wintering in forest fragments in Ohio","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-09T16:29:08.548372","indexId":"70022548","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3783,"text":"The Wilson Bulletin","printIssn":"0043-5643","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Habitat and landscape correlates of presence, density, and species richness of birds wintering in forest fragments in Ohio","docAbstract":"We investigated the distribution of wintering woodland bird species in 47 very small, isolated, woodland fragments (0.54-6.01 ha) within an agricultural landscape in north-central Ohio. Our objectives were to determine correlations between temporal, habitat, and landscape variables and avian presence, density, and species richness within the smallest woodlots occupied by such species. Our results suggest that even common species are sensitive to variation in habitat, landscape, and season. Woodlot area explained the most variation in presence, density, and species richness. Shrub cover was also an important predictor variable for presence of the smallest resident birds. Shrub cover might function as both a refuge from predators and as a windbreak, reducing thermal costs in a flat, open landscape. Landscape factors related to isolation and connectedness were also correlated with species presence and density. The species composition of the community changed through the winter, as did the density of individual species, suggesting that the winter season may play an important role in determining the distributions of bird populations across woodlots. The models presented here for Ohio birds in this specific landscape may have biological inference for other species in similar landscapes.","language":"English","publisher":"The Wilson Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1676/0043-5643(2000)112[0388:HALCOP]2.0.CO;2","issn":"00435643","usgsCitation":"Doherty, P.F., and Grubb, T.C., 2000, Habitat and landscape correlates of presence, density, and species richness of birds wintering in forest fragments in Ohio: The Wilson Bulletin, v. 112, no. 3, p. 388-394, https://doi.org/10.1676/0043-5643(2000)112[0388:HALCOP]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"388","endPage":"394","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479182,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1676/0043-5643(2000)112[0388:halcop]2.0.co;2","text":"External Repository"},{"id":230507,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Ohio","county":"Crawford County, Delaware County, Marion County, Morrow County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-82.8292,40.9967],[-82.8049,40.9968],[-82.7964,40.9963],[-82.73,40.996],[-82.7245,40.996],[-82.7245,40.982],[-82.7244,40.9647],[-82.7247,40.8749],[-82.7273,40.7112],[-82.6272,40.7095],[-82.6272,40.6873],[-82.6259,40.6664],[-82.6386,40.6664],[-82.6447,40.6664],[-82.6447,40.6632],[-82.6447,40.66],[-82.6447,40.6373],[-82.6247,40.6374],[-82.6252,40.6247],[-82.624,40.5866],[-82.6239,40.568],[-82.6239,40.5671],[-82.6233,40.5503],[-82.6433,40.5503],[-82.6432,40.5222],[-82.6341,40.5231],[-82.6329,40.5217],[-82.6465,40.3448],[-82.6899,40.347],[-82.6953,40.347],[-82.711,40.3479],[-82.7448,40.3497],[-82.7494,40.2916],[-82.7506,40.2771],[-82.754,40.2272],[-82.7621,40.1256],[-82.9383,40.1338],[-83.0677,40.1382],[-83.17,40.1427],[-83.1721,40.2438],[-83.248,40.2448],[-83.2481,40.3676],[-83.2501,40.3821],[-83.2483,40.4438],[-83.2484,40.5069],[-83.4188,40.5053],[-83.4148,40.5153],[-83.4169,40.5443],[-83.4177,40.5561],[-83.4185,40.5692],[-83.4201,40.6001],[-83.4203,40.6146],[-83.42,40.6436],[-83.42,40.6872],[-83.3812,40.6874],[-83.3133,40.6874],[-83.3048,40.687],[-83.305,40.702],[-83.2983,40.702],[-83.2468,40.7028],[-83.2262,40.7025],[-83.1928,40.7022],[-83.1686,40.7023],[-83.1619,40.7024],[-83.1595,40.7024],[-83.111,40.7031],[-83.1121,40.9721],[-83.1129,40.9934],[-83.0739,40.9936],[-83.0587,40.9941],[-83.0551,40.9941],[-83.035,40.9938],[-82.9187,40.9937],[-82.9011,40.9938],[-82.8603,40.9935],[-82.8536,40.9939],[-82.853,40.9971],[-82.842,40.9967],[-82.8347,40.9972],[-82.8292,40.9967]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Crawford\",\"state\":\"OH\"}}]}","volume":"112","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2ef2e4b0c8380cd5c969","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Doherty, Paul F. Jr.","contributorId":37636,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Doherty","given":"Paul","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":394035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grubb, Thomas C. Jr.","contributorId":73774,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grubb","given":"Thomas","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70022563,"text":"70022563 - 2000 - Colloid formation and metal transport through two mixing zones affected by acid mine drainage near Silverton, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-12T08:19:48","indexId":"70022563","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Colloid formation and metal transport through two mixing zones affected by acid mine drainage near Silverton, Colorado","docAbstract":"Stream discharges and concentrations of dissolved and colloidal metals (Al, Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Pb, and Zn), SO4, and dissolved silica were measured to identify chemical transformations and determine mass transports through two mixing zones in the Animas River that receive the inflows from Cement and Mineral Creeks. The creeks were the dominant sources of Al, Cu, Fe, and Pb, whereas the upstream Animas River supplied about half of the Zn. With the exception of Fe, which was present in dissolved and colloidal forms, the metals were dissolved in the acidic, high-SO4 waters of Cement Creek (pH 3.8). Mixing of Cement Creek with the Animas River increased pH to near-neutral values and transformed Al and some additional Fe into colloids which also contained Cu and Pb. Aluminium and Fe colloids had already formed in the mildly acidic conditions in Mineral Creek (pH 6.6) upstream of the confluence with the Animas River. Colloidal Fe continued to form downstream of both mixing zones. The Fe- and Al-rich colloids were important for transport of Cu, Pb, and Zn, which appeared to have sorbed to them. Partitioning of Zn between dissolved and colloidal phases was dependent on pH and colloid concentration. Mass balances showed conservative transports for Ca, Mg, Mn, SO4, and dissolved silica through the two mixing zones and small losses (< 10%) of colloidal Al, Fe and Zn from the water column.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0883-2927(99)00104-3","issn":"08832927","usgsCitation":"Schemel, L., Kimball, B.A., and Bencala, K., 2000, Colloid formation and metal transport through two mixing zones affected by acid mine drainage near Silverton, Colorado: Applied Geochemistry, v. 15, no. 7, p. 1003-1018, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0883-2927(99)00104-3.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1003","endPage":"1018","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":230729,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":206760,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0883-2927(99)00104-3"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","city":"Silverton","volume":"15","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f7b5e4b0c8380cd4cc7a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schemel, L. E.","contributorId":89529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schemel","given":"L. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kimball, B. A.","contributorId":87583,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kimball","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bencala, K.E.","contributorId":105312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bencala","given":"K.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70162395,"text":"70162395 - 2000 - Manipulation of turtle populations for conservation: Half-way technologies or viable options?: Chapter 9","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-18T12:26:55","indexId":"70162395","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Manipulation of turtle populations for conservation: Half-way technologies or viable options?: Chapter 9","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Turtle conservation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Smithsonian Institute Press","isbn":"1560983728","usgsCitation":"Seigel, R.A., and Dodd, C.K., 2000, Manipulation of turtle populations for conservation: Half-way technologies or viable options?: Chapter 9, chap. <i>of</i> Turtle conservation, p. 218-238.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"218","endPage":"238","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314678,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56a360bfe4b0b28f1183bc05","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Klemens, Michael W.","contributorId":112368,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Klemens","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589381,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Seigel, Richard A.","contributorId":113363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seigel","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dodd, C. Kenneth Jr.","contributorId":89215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dodd","given":"C.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"Kenneth","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70022571,"text":"70022571 - 2000 - Direct comparison of XAFS spectroscopy and sequential extraction for arsenic speciation in coal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:43","indexId":"70022571","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":611,"text":"ACS Division of Fuel Chemistry, Preprints","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Direct comparison of XAFS spectroscopy and sequential extraction for arsenic speciation in coal","docAbstract":"The speciation of arsenic in an Ohio bituminous coal and a North Dakota lignite has been examined by the complementary methods of arsenic XAFS spectroscopy and sequential extraction by aqueous solutions of ammonium acetate, HCl, HF, and HNO3. In order to facilitate a more direct comparison of the two methods, the arsenic XAFS spectra were obtained from aliquots of the coal prepared after each stage of the leaching procedure. For the aliquots, approximately linear correlations (r2 > 0.98 for the Ohio coal, > 0.90 for the ND lignite) were observed between the height of the edge-step in the XAFS analysis and the concentration of arsenic measured by instrumental neutron activation analysis. Results from the leaching sequence indicate that there are two major arsenic forms present in both coals; one is removed by leaching with HCl and the other by HNO3. Whereas the XAFS spectral signatures of the arsenic leached by HCl are compatible with arsenate for both coals, the arsenic leached by HNO3 is identified as arsenic associated with pyrite for the Ohio coal and as an As3+ species for the North Dakota lignite. Minor arsenate forms persist in both coals after the final leaching with nitric acid. The arsenate forms extracted in HCl are believed to be oxidation products derived from the other major arsenic forms upon exposure of the pulverized coals to air.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"ACS Division of Fuel Chemistry, Preprints","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"05693772","usgsCitation":"Huggins, F.E., Huffman, G., Kolker, A., Mroczkowski, S., Palmer, C., and Finkelman, R.B., 2000, Direct comparison of XAFS spectroscopy and sequential extraction for arsenic speciation in coal: ACS Division of Fuel Chemistry, Preprints, v. 45, no. 3, p. 547-551.","startPage":"547","endPage":"551","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":230841,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a01ade4b0c8380cd4fce1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huggins, Frank E.","contributorId":81273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huggins","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Huffman, G.P.","contributorId":12232,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huffman","given":"G.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kolker, A. 0000-0002-5768-4533","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5768-4533","contributorId":10947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolker","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mroczkowski, S.","contributorId":27636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mroczkowski","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Palmer, C.A.","contributorId":81894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Palmer","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Finkelman, R. B.","contributorId":20341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finkelman","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70022597,"text":"70022597 - 2000 - Rates of sediment supply and sea-level rise in a large coastal lagoon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-12-03T11:46:38","indexId":"70022597","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rates of sediment supply and sea-level rise in a large coastal lagoon","docAbstract":"Laguna Madre, Texas, is 3-7 km wide and more than 190 km long, making it one of the longest lagoons in the world. The lagoon encompasses diverse geologic and climatic regions and it is an efficient sediment trap that accumulates clastic sediments from upland, interior, and oceanic sources. The semi-arid climate and frequent tropical cyclones historically have been responsible for the greatest volume of sediment influx. On an average annual basis, eolian transport, tidal exchange, storm washover, mainland runoff, interior shore erosion, and authigenic mineral production introduce approximately one million m<sup>3</sup> of sediments into the lagoon. Analyses of these sediment transport mechanisms and associated line sources and point sources of sediment provide a basis for: (1) estimating the long-term average annual sediment supply to a large lagoon; (2) calculating the average net sedimentation rate; (3) comparing introduced sediment volumes and associated aggradation rates with observed relative sea-level change; and (4) predicting future conditions of the lagoon. This comparison indicates that the historical average annual accumulation rate in Laguna Madre (<1 mm/yr) is substantially less than the historical rate of relative sea-level rise (~4 mm/yr). Lagoon submergence coupled with erosion of the western shore indicates that Laguna Madre is being submerged slowly and migrating westward rather than filling, as some have suggested.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0025-3227(00)00030-X","issn":"00253227","usgsCitation":"Morton, R., Ward, G., and White, W., 2000, Rates of sediment supply and sea-level rise in a large coastal lagoon: Marine Geology, v. 167, no. 3-4, p. 261-284, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0025-3227(00)00030-X.","startPage":"261","endPage":"284","numberOfPages":"24","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":206718,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0025-3227(00)00030-X"},{"id":230622,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"167","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9544e4b0c8380cd818ee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morton, R.A.","contributorId":53849,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morton","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ward, G.H.","contributorId":101842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"G.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"White, W.A.","contributorId":24489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"W.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70022547,"text":"70022547 - 2000 - Classification methods for monitoring Arctic sea ice using OKEAN passive/active two-channel microwave data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-12-03T16:00:41","indexId":"70022547","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3254,"text":"Remote Sensing of Environment","printIssn":"0034-4257","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Classification methods for monitoring Arctic sea ice using OKEAN passive/active two-channel microwave data","docAbstract":"This paper presents methods for classifying Arctic sea ice using both passive and active (2-channel) microwave imagery acquired by the Russian OKEAN 01 polar-orbiting satellite series. Methods and results are compared to sea ice classifications derived from nearly coincident Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I) and Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) image data of the Barents, Kara, and Laptev Seas. The Russian OKEAN 01 satellite data were collected over weekly intervals during October 1995 through December 1997. Methods are presented for calibrating, georeferencing and classifying the raw active radar and passive microwave OKEAN 01 data, and for correcting the OKEAN 01 microwave radiometer calibration wedge based on concurrent 37 GHz horizontal polarization SSM/I brightness temperature data. Sea ice type and ice concentration algorithms utilized OKEAN's two-channel radar and passive microwave data in a linear mixture model based on the measured values of brightness temperature and radar backscatter, together with a priori knowledge about the scattering parameters and natural emissivities of basic sea ice types. OKEAN 01 data and algorithms tended to classify lower concentrations of young or first-year sea ice when concentrations were less than 60%, and to produce higher concentrations of multi-year sea ice when concentrations were greater than 40%, when compared to estimates produced from SSM/I data. Overall, total sea ice concentration maps derived independently from OKEAN 01, SSM/I, and AVHRR satellite imagery were all highly correlated, with uniform biases, and mean differences in total ice concentration of less than four percent (sd<15%).","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Remote Sensing of Environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Science Inc","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, United States","doi":"10.1016/S0034-4257(00)00107-3","issn":"00344257","usgsCitation":"Belchansky, G.I., and Douglas, D.C., 2000, Classification methods for monitoring Arctic sea ice using OKEAN passive/active two-channel microwave data: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 73, no. 3, p. 307-322, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0034-4257(00)00107-3.","startPage":"307","endPage":"322","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":206669,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0034-4257(00)00107-3"},{"id":230506,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"73","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f617e4b0c8380cd4c5b1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Belchansky, Gennady I.","contributorId":71471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belchansky","given":"Gennady","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Douglas, David C. 0000-0003-0186-1104 ddouglas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0186-1104","contributorId":2388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Douglas","given":"David","email":"ddouglas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":394032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70022570,"text":"70022570 - 2000 - From safe yield to sustainable development of water resources - The Kansas experience","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:43","indexId":"70022570","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"From safe yield to sustainable development of water resources - The Kansas experience","docAbstract":"This paper presents a synthesis of water sustainability issues from the hydrologic perspective. It shows that safe yield is a flawed concept and that sustainability is an idea that is broadly used but perhaps not well understood. In general, the sustainable yield of an aquifer must be considerably less than recharge if adequate amounts of water are to be available to sustain both the quantity and quality of streams, springs, wetlands, and ground-water-dependent ecosystems. To ensure sustainability, it is imperative that water limits be established based on hydrologic principles of mass balance. To establish water-use policies and planning horizons, the transition curves of aquifer systems from ground-water storage depletion to induced recharge of surface water need to be developed. Present-day numerical models are capable of generating such transition curves. Several idealized examples of aquifer systems show how this could be done. Because of the complexity of natural systems and the uncertainties in characterizing them, the current philosophy underlying sustainable management of water resources is based on the interconnected systems approach and on adaptive management. Examples of water-resources management from Kansas illustrate some of these concepts in a real-world setting. Some of the hallmarks of Kansas water management are the formation of local ground-water management districts, the adoption of minimum streamflow standards, the use of modified safe-yield policies in some districts, the implementation of integrated resource planning by the City of Wichita, and the subbasin water-resources management program in potential problem areas. These are all appropriate steps toward sustainable development. The Kansas examples show that local decision-making is the best way to fully account for local variability in water management. However, it is imperative that public education and involvement be encouraged, so that system complexities and constraints are better understood and overly simplistic solutions avoided. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V.This paper presents a synthesis of water sustainability issues from the hydrologic perspective. It shows that safe yield is a flawed concept and that sustainability is an idea that is broadly used but perhaps not well understood. In general, the sustainable yield of an aquifer must be considerably less than recharge if adequate amounts of water are to be available to sustain both the quantity and quality of streams, springs, wetlands, and ground-water-dependent ecosystems. To ensure sustainability, it is imperative that water limits be established based on hydrologic principles of mass balance. To establish water-use policies and planning horizons, the transition curves of aquifer systems from ground-water storage depletion to induced recharge of surface water need to be developed. Present-day numerical models are capable of generating such transition curves. Several idealized examples of aquifer systems show how this could be done. Because of the complexity of natural systems and the uncertainties in characterizing them, the current philosophy underlying sustainable management of water resources is based on the interconnected systems approach and on adaptive management. Examples of water-resources management from Kansas illustrate some of these concepts in a real-world setting. Some of the hallmarks of Kansas water management are the formation of local ground-water management districts, the adoption of minimum streamflow standards, the use of modified safe-yield policies in some districts, the implementation of integrated resource planning by the City of Wichita, and the subbasin water-resources management program in potential problem areas. These are all appropriate steps toward sustainable development. The Kansas examples show that local decision-making is the best way to fully account for local variability in water management. However, it is imperative that public education and involv","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hydrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Science B.V.","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/S0022-1694(00)00263-8","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Sophocleous, M., 2000, From safe yield to sustainable development of water resources - The Kansas experience: Journal of Hydrology, v. 235, no. 1-2, p. 27-43, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1694(00)00263-8.","startPage":"27","endPage":"43","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":206796,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1694(00)00263-8"},{"id":230806,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"235","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a13fbe4b0c8380cd54861","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sophocleous, M.","contributorId":13373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sophocleous","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70162324,"text":"70162324 - 2000 - Peces de la Isla del Coco Fishes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-21T12:57:42","indexId":"70162324","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"title":"Peces de la Isla del Coco Fishes","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"Spanish","publisher":"Institito Nacional de Biodiversedad","usgsCitation":"Garrison, V.H., 2000, Peces de la Isla del Coco Fishes, 392 p.","productDescription":"392 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314595,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":314594,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/cocos/"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56a20f4de4b0961cf2811c19","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Garrison, Virginia H. ginger_garrison@usgs.gov","contributorId":2386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garrison","given":"Virginia","email":"ginger_garrison@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":589230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70022567,"text":"70022567 - 2000 - Determination of hydrologic pathways during snowmelt for alpine/subalpine basins, Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-02T16:52:49","indexId":"70022567","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determination of hydrologic pathways during snowmelt for alpine/subalpine basins, Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado","docAbstract":"<p><span>Alpine/subalpine ecosystems in Rocky Mountain National Park may be sensitive to atmospherically derived acidic deposition. Two‐ and three‐component hydrograph separation analyses and correlation analyses were performed for six basins to provide insight into streamflow generation during snowmelt and to assess basin sensitivity to acidic deposition. Three‐component hydrograph separation results for five basins showed that streamflow contained from 42 to 57% direct snowmelt runoff, 37 to 54% subsurface water, and 4 to 13% direct rain runoff for the May through October 1994 study period. Subsurface contributions were 89% of total flow for the sixth basin. The reliability of hydrograph separation model assumptions was explored. Subsurface flow was positively correlated with the amount of surficial material in a basin and was negatively correlated with basin slope. Basins with extensive surficial material and shallow slopes are less susceptible to ecosystem changes due to acidic deposition than basins with less surficial material and steeper slopes. This study was initiated to expand the intensive hydrologic research that has been conducted in Loch Vale basin to a more regional scale.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/1999WR900296","usgsCitation":"Suecker, J.K., Ryan, J.N., Kendall, C., and Jarrett, R.D., 2000, Determination of hydrologic pathways during snowmelt for alpine/subalpine basins, Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado: Water Resources Research, v. 36, no. 1, p. 63-75, https://doi.org/10.1029/1999WR900296.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"63","endPage":"75","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487328,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/1999wr900296","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":230767,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ffabe4b0c8380cd4f30a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Suecker, Julie K.","contributorId":124572,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Suecker","given":"Julie","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ryan, Joseph N.","contributorId":54290,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ryan","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":604,"text":"University of Colorado- Boulder","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":394103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kendall, Carol 0000-0002-0247-3405 ckendall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0247-3405","contributorId":1462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"Carol","email":"ckendall@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":394100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jarrett, Robert D. rjarrett@usgs.gov","contributorId":2260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jarrett","given":"Robert","email":"rjarrett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":394101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70022596,"text":"70022596 - 2000 - Three-dimensional seismic velocity structure of the San Francisco Bay area","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-10-29T15:48:46","indexId":"70022596","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Three-dimensional seismic velocity structure of the San Francisco Bay area","docAbstract":"Seismic travel times from the northern California earthquake catalogue and from the 1991 Bay Area Seismic Imaging Experiment (BASIX) refraction survey were used to obtain a three-dimensional model of the seismic velocity structure of the San Francisco Bay area. Nonlinear tomography was used to simultaneously invert for both velocity and hypocenters. The new hypocenter inversion algorithm uses finite difference travel times and is an extension of an existing velocity tomography algorithm. Numerous inversions were performed with different parameters to test the reliability of the resulting velocity model. Most hypocenters were relocated <2 km from their catalogue locations. Large lateral velocity variations at shallow (<4 km) depth correlate with known surface geology, including low-velocity Cenozoic sedimentary basins, high-velocity Cenozoic volcanic rocks, and outcrop patterns of the major Mesozoic geologic terranes. Salinian arc rocks have higher velocities than the Franciscan melange, which in turn are faster than Great Valley Sequence forearc rocks. The thickess of low-velocity sediment is defined, including >12 km under the Sacramento River Delta, 6 km beneath Livermore Valley, 5 km beneath the Santa Clara Valley, and 4 km beneath eastern San Pablo Bay. The Great Valley Sequence east of San Francisco Bay is 4-6 km thick. A relatively high velocity body exists in the upper 10 km beneath the Sonoma volcanic field, but no evidence for a large intrusion or magma chamber exists in the crust under The Geysers or the Clear Lake volcanic center. Lateral velocity contrasts indicate that the major strike-slip faults extend subvertically beneath their surface locations through most of the crust. Strong lateral velocity contrasts of 0.3-0.6 km/s are observed across the San Andreas Fault in the middle crust and across the Hayward, Rogers Creek, Calaveras, and Greenville Faults at shallow depth. Weaker velocity contrasts (0.1-0.3 km/s) exist across the San Andreas, Hayward, and Rogers Creek Faults at all other depths. Low spatial resolution evidence in the lower crust suggests that the top of high-velocity mafic rocks gets deeper from west to east and may be offset under the major faults. The data suggest that the major strike-slip faults extend subvertically through the middle and perhaps the lower crust and juxtapose differing lithology due to accumulated strike-slip motion. The extent and physical properties of the major geologic units as constrained by the model should be used to improve studies of seismicity, strong ground motion, and regional stress.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2000JB900083","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Hole, J., Brocher, T., Klemperer, S., Parsons, T., Benz, H., and Furlong, K., 2000, Three-dimensional seismic velocity structure of the San Francisco Bay area: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 105, no. B6, p. 13859-13874, https://doi.org/10.1029/2000JB900083.","startPage":"13859","endPage":"13874","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":479278,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2000jb900083","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":278569,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000JB900083"},{"id":230621,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"105","issue":"B6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2000-06-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb345e4b08c986b325cab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hole, J.A.","contributorId":103422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hole","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brocher, T.M. 0000-0002-9740-839X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9740-839X","contributorId":69994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brocher","given":"T.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Klemperer, S.L.","contributorId":52734,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klemperer","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Parsons, T.","contributorId":48288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parsons","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Benz, H.M.","contributorId":21594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benz","given":"H.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Furlong, K.P.","contributorId":35490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Furlong","given":"K.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70022627,"text":"70022627 - 2000 - Occurrence, transport, and fate of trace elements, Blue River Basin, Summit County, Colorado: an integrated approach","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-10-29T14:53:51","indexId":"70022627","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1539,"text":"Environmental Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Occurrence, transport, and fate of trace elements, Blue River Basin, Summit County, Colorado: an integrated approach","docAbstract":"Mining activities in the Blue River Basin, Summit County, Colorado, have affected the trace-element chemistry and biota along French Gulch and the Blue River. Elevated concentrations of As, Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn were present in the bed and suspended sediments. Bed sediment trace-element concentrations were high in the streams in and near mining activities in the basin and remained high as water flowed into Dillon Reservoir about 3.5 km downstream. Bed-sediment (< 63 μm) data were useful in assessing the distribution of trace elements in the basin. Suspended-sediment measurements provided information as to the transport of the trace elements. Filtered (< 0.45 μm) water-column trace-element concentrations were orders of magnitude less than the sediment concentrations. Concentrations of Cd and Zn in the water column at some sites exceeded stream water-quality standards. Elevated trace-element concentrations in the sediment and water column are a source of contamination and must be considered in water-quality management of the Blue River Basin.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer-Verlag GmbH & Company KG","publisherLocation":"Berlin, Germany","doi":"10.1007/s002549900066","issn":"09430105","usgsCitation":"Apodaca, L., Driver, N.E., and Bails, J., 2000, Occurrence, transport, and fate of trace elements, Blue River Basin, Summit County, Colorado: an integrated approach: Environmental Geology, v. 39, no. 8, p. 901-913, https://doi.org/10.1007/s002549900066.","startPage":"901","endPage":"913","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208125,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002549900066"},{"id":233596,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6c6be4b0c8380cd74c03","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Apodaca, L.E.","contributorId":73635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Apodaca","given":"L.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Driver, N. E.","contributorId":63398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Driver","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bails, J. B.","contributorId":26856,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bails","given":"J. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70162389,"text":"70162389 - 2000 - The status and conservation on endemic Malagasy chelonians: An historic perspective","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-22T09:12:32","indexId":"70162389","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"The status and conservation on endemic Malagasy chelonians: An historic perspective","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Diversite et endemisme a Madagascar","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English, French","publisher":"Memoires de la Societe de Biogeographie","usgsCitation":"Pedrono, M., Sarovy, A., Smith, L., and Bour, R., 2000, The status and conservation on endemic Malagasy chelonians: An historic perspective, chap. <i>of</i> Diversite et endemisme a Madagascar, p. 249-260.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"249","endPage":"260","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314666,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56a360c2e4b0b28f1183bc1d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pedrono, Miguel","contributorId":152391,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pedrono","given":"Miguel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sarovy, Augustin","contributorId":152392,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sarovy","given":"Augustin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, L.","contributorId":23477,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bour, Roger","contributorId":147473,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bour","given":"Roger","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70022569,"text":"70022569 - 2000 - A model for the magmatic-hydrothermal system at Mount Rainier, Washington, from seismic and geochemical observations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-13T14:01:47.423144","indexId":"70022569","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1109,"text":"Bulletin of Volcanology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A model for the magmatic-hydrothermal system at Mount Rainier, Washington, from seismic and geochemical observations","docAbstract":"<p> Mount Rainier is one of the most seismically active volcanoes in the Cascade Range, with an average of one to two high-frequency volcano-tectonic (or VT) earthquakes occurring directly beneath the summit in a given month. Despite this level of seismicity, little is known about its cause. The VT earthquakes occur at a steady rate in several clusters below the inferred base of the Quaternary volcanic edifice. More than half of 18 focal mechanisms determined for these events are normal, and most stress axes deviate significantly from the regional stress field. We argue that these characteristics are most consistent with earthquakes in response to processes associated with circulation of fluids and magmatic gases within and below the base of the edifice.Circulation of these fluids and gases has weakened rock and reduced effective stress to the point that gravity-induced brittle fracture, due to the weight of the overlying edifice, can occur. Results from seismic tomography and rock, water, and gas geochemistry studies support this interpretation. We combine constraints from these studies into a model for the magmatic system that includes a large volume of hot rock (temperatures greater than the brittle–ductile transition) with small pockets of melt and/or hot fluids at depths of 8–18 km below the summit. We infer that fluids and heat from this volume reach the edifice via a narrow conduit, resulting in fumarolic activity at the summit, hydrothermal alteration of the edifice, and seismicity.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/PL00008909","issn":"02588900","usgsCitation":"Moran, S., Zimbelman, D.R., and Malone, S.D., 2000, A model for the magmatic-hydrothermal system at Mount Rainier, Washington, from seismic and geochemical observations: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 61, no. 7, p. 425-436, https://doi.org/10.1007/PL00008909.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"425","endPage":"436","costCenters":[{"id":121,"text":"Alaska Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":230805,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Mount Rainier","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -121.74705505371094,\n              46.793948571014326\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.69933319091795,\n              46.80076450318144\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.68766021728516,\n              46.81016437224757\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.64920806884764,\n              46.82872428833321\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.6574478149414,\n              46.849156277107134\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.66088104248047,\n              46.85831292242506\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.67255401611328,\n              46.886242780405766\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.67907714843751,\n              46.889293060706166\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.73194885253906,\n              46.922834696057336\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.79477691650389,\n              46.95002787823716\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.81812286376953,\n              46.91181283760963\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.83185577392578,\n              46.894923891703606\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.8335723876953,\n              46.880376369216975\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.84009552001952,\n              46.85549565938302\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.84833526611328,\n              46.845868895404294\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.84043884277344,\n              46.829194076477336\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.80816650390625,\n              46.799824425936094\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.74705505371094,\n              46.793948571014326\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"61","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e47ce4b0c8380cd46666","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moran, S.C. 0000-0001-7308-9649","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7308-9649","contributorId":78896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moran","given":"S.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zimbelman, D. R.","contributorId":43768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zimbelman","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Malone, S. D.","contributorId":48310,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malone","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70022792,"text":"70022792 - 2000 - Changes in herbicide concentrations in Midwestern streams in relation to changes in use, 1989-1998","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-07T10:00:50","indexId":"70022792","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5331,"text":"Science of Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Changes in herbicide concentrations in Midwestern streams in relation to changes in use, 1989-1998","docAbstract":"<p><span>Water samples were collected from Midwestern streams in 1994–1995 and 1998 as part of a study to help determine if changes in herbicide use resulted in changes in herbicide concentrations since a previous reconnaissance study in 1989–1990. Sites were sampled during the first significant runoff period after the application of pre-emergent herbicides in 1989–1990, 1994–1995, and 1998. Samples were analyzed for selected herbicides, two atrazine metabolites, three cyanazine metabolites, and one alachlor metabolite. In the Midwestern USA, alachlor use was much greater in 1989 than in 1995, whereas acetochlor was not used in 1989 but was commonly used in 1995. The use of atrazine, cyanazine, and metolachlor was approximately the same in 1989 and 1995. The median concentrations of atrazine, alachlor, cyanazine, and metolachlor were substantially higher in 1989–1990 than in 1994–1995 or 1998. The median acetochlor concentration was higher in 1998 than in 1994 or 1995.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00547-1","issn":"00489697","usgsCitation":"Scribner, E., Battaglin, W., Goolsby, D.A., and Thurman, E., 2000, Changes in herbicide concentrations in Midwestern streams in relation to changes in use, 1989-1998: Science of Total Environment, v. 248, no. 2-3, p. 255-263, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00547-1.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"255","endPage":"263","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":233386,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":208026,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00547-1"}],"volume":"248","issue":"2-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f418e4b0c8380cd4bb2c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scribner, E.A.","contributorId":50925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scribner","given":"E.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Battaglin, W.A.","contributorId":16376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Battaglin","given":"W.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goolsby, D. A.","contributorId":50508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goolsby","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thurman, E.M.","contributorId":102864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thurman","given":"E.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70022702,"text":"70022702 - 2000 - Turbidite megabeds in an Oceanic Rift Valley recording jokulhlaups of late Pleistocene glacial lakes of the western United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:39","indexId":"70022702","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2309,"text":"Journal of Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Turbidite megabeds in an Oceanic Rift Valley recording jokulhlaups of late Pleistocene glacial lakes of the western United States","docAbstract":"Escanaba Trough is the southernmost segment of the Gorda Ridge and is filled by sandy turbidites locally exceeding 500 m in thickness. New results from Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Sites 1037 and 1038 that include accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) 14C dates and revised petrographic evaluation of the sediment provenance, combined with high-resolution seismic-reflection profiles, provide a lithostratigraphic framework for the turbidite deposits. Three fining-upward units of sandy turbidites from the upper 365 m at ODP Site 1037 can be correlated with sediment recovered at ODP Site 1038 and Deep Sea Drilling Program (DSDP) Site 35. Six AMS 14C ages in the upper 317 m of the sequence at Site 1037 indicate that average deposition rates exceeded 10 m/k.yr. between 32 and 11 ka, with nearly instantaneous deposition of one ~60-m interval of sand. Petrography of the sand beds is consistent with a Columbia River source for the entire sedimentary sequence in Escanaba Trough. High-resolution acoustic stratigraphy shows that the turbidites in the upper 60 m at Site 1037 provide a characteristic sequence of key reflectors that occurs across the floor of the entire Escanaba Trough. Recent mapping of turbidite systems in the northeast Pacific Ocean suggests that the turbidity currents reached the Escanaba Trough along an 1100-km-long pathway from the Columbia River to the west flank of the Gorda Ridge. The age of the upper fining-upward unit of sandy turbidites appears to correspond to the latest Wisconsinan outburst of glacial Lake Missoula. Many of the outbursts, or jokulhlaups, from the glacial lakes probably continued flowing as hyperpycnally generated turbidity currents on entering the sea at the mouth of the Columbia River.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1086/314404","issn":"00221376","usgsCitation":"Zuffa, G., Normark, W.R., Serra, F., and Brunner, C., 2000, Turbidite megabeds in an Oceanic Rift Valley recording jokulhlaups of late Pleistocene glacial lakes of the western United States: Journal of Geology, v. 108, no. 3, p. 253-274, https://doi.org/10.1086/314404.","startPage":"253","endPage":"274","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":233636,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":208147,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1086/314404"}],"volume":"108","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb8ebe4b08c986b327b1d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zuffa, G.G.","contributorId":40353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zuffa","given":"G.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Normark, W. R.","contributorId":87137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Normark","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Serra, F.","contributorId":22520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Serra","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brunner, C.A.","contributorId":58642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brunner","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70022653,"text":"70022653 - 2000 - Winter survival of adult female harlequin ducks in relation to history of contamination by the Exxon Valdez oil spill","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-19T17:49:12.157222","indexId":"70022653","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Winter survival of adult female harlequin ducks in relation to history of contamination by the <i>Exxon Valdez</i> oil spill","title":"Winter survival of adult female harlequin ducks in relation to history of contamination by the Exxon Valdez oil spill","docAbstract":"<p>Harlequin duck (<i>Histrionicus histrionicus</i>) life-history characteristics make their populations particularly vulnerable to perturbations during nonbreeding periods. The 1989 <i>Exxon Valdez</i> oil spill was a major perturbation to nonbreeding habitats of harlequin ducks in Prince William Sound, Alaska, which resulted in population injury. To assess the status of population recovery from the oil spill and to evaluate factors potentially constraining full recovery, we used radiotelemetry to examine survival of adult female harlequin ducks during winters of 1995-96, 1996-97, and 1997-98. We implanted 294 harlequin ducks (154 and 140 in oiled and unoiled areas, respectively) with transmitters and tracked their signals from aircraft during October through March. We examined variation in survival rates relative to area and season (early, mid, and late winter) through comparisons of models using Akaike's information criterion (AIC(c)) values. The 3 models best supported by the data indicated that survival of birds in oiled areas was lower than in unoiled areas. Inclusion of standardized body mass during wing molt in the 3 best models did not improve their fit, indicating that body mass during wing molt did not affect subsequent winter survival. In the model that best fit our data, survival was high in early winter for both areas, lower during mid and late winter seasons, and lowest in oiled areas during mid winter. Cumulative winter survival estimated from this model was 78.0% (SE = 3.3%) in oiled areas and 83.7% (SE = 2.9%) in unoiled areas. We determined that area differences in survival were more likely related to oiling history than intrinsic geographic differences. Based on a demographic model, area differences in survival offer a likely mechanism for observed declines in populations on oiled areas. Concurrent studies indicated that harlequin ducks continued to be exposed to residual <i>Exxon Valdez</i> oil as much as 9 years after the spill. We suggest that oil exposure, mortality, and population dynamics were linked and conclude that continued effects of the oil spill likely restricted recovery of harlequin duck populations through at least 1998.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.2307/3802754","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Esler, D., Schmutz, J.A., Jarvis, R.L., and Mulcahy, D., 2000, Winter survival of adult female harlequin ducks in relation to history of contamination by the Exxon Valdez oil spill: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 64, no. 3, p. 839-847, https://doi.org/10.2307/3802754.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"839","endPage":"847","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":233412,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Prince William Sound","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -148.63677978515622,\n              60.105932794980426\n            ],\n            [\n              -146.71142578125,\n              60.105932794980426\n            ],\n            [\n              -146.71142578125,\n              60.764525674175374\n            ],\n            [\n              -148.63677978515622,\n              60.764525674175374\n            ],\n            [\n              -148.63677978515622,\n              60.105932794980426\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"64","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd15ee4b08c986b32f3b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Esler, Daniel 0000-0001-5501-4555 desler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5501-4555","contributorId":5465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esler","given":"Daniel","email":"desler@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":12437,"text":"Simon Fraser University, Centre for Wildlife Ecology","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":394391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmutz, Joel A. 0000-0002-6516-0836 jschmutz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-0836","contributorId":1805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmutz","given":"Joel","email":"jschmutz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":394392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jarvis, R. L.","contributorId":31697,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jarvis","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mulcahy, D.M.","contributorId":43302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mulcahy","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70023228,"text":"70023228 - 2000 - Mineralogy-swelling potential relationships for expansive shales","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:14","indexId":"70023228","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Mineralogy-swelling potential relationships for expansive shales","docAbstract":"The extent to which mineralogy and swelling potential is correlated in the expansive clays and shales is studied. Sites are selected in Cretaceous shales, including Pierre Shale, that are uplifted into steeply dipping strata near the foothills of the Rocky Mountains. Swelling potentials are obtained on limited suites of samples with conventional and labor-intensive schemes including Seed and Chen's schemes, and with swell-consolidation measurements in response to saturation, consolidation, and rebound in an oedometer. The results showing the percent total smectite provide a useful index of swelling potential concept defined by Seed and correlates well with the swelling potential indices developed by Seed, Chen, and McKeen.","largerWorkTitle":"Geotechnical Special Publication","conferenceTitle":"The GeoDenver 2000 - Unsaturated Soils Sessions 'Advances in Ultrasound Geotechnical'","conferenceDate":"5 August 2000 through 5 August 2000","conferenceLocation":"Denver, CO, USA","language":"English","publisher":"ASCE","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA, United States","issn":"08950563","usgsCitation":"Olsen, H.W., Krosley, L., Nelson, K., Chabrillat, S., Goetz, A.F., and Noe, D., 2000, Mineralogy-swelling potential relationships for expansive shales, <i>in</i> Geotechnical Special Publication, no. 99, Denver, CO, USA, 5 August 2000 through 5 August 2000, p. 361-378.","startPage":"361","endPage":"378","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232594,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"99","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5ae2e4b0c8380cd6f1c3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Olsen, H. W.","contributorId":10060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olsen","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krosley, L.","contributorId":80457,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krosley","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nelson, K.","contributorId":33492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chabrillat, S.","contributorId":82497,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chabrillat","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Goetz, Alexander F.H.","contributorId":43747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goetz","given":"Alexander","middleInitial":"F.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Noe, D.C.","contributorId":95215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noe","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
]}