{"pageNumber":"3235","pageRowStart":"80850","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184904,"records":[{"id":70023207,"text":"70023207 - 2000 - New Lower Mississippian Trilobites from the Chouteau Group of Missouri","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:08","indexId":"70023207","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":790,"text":"Annals of Carnegie Museum","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"New Lower Mississippian Trilobites from the Chouteau Group of Missouri","docAbstract":"Reexamination of existing trilobite collections from the Kinderhookian (Lower Mississippian) Chouteau Group of central and northeastern Missouri indicates that two different suites of trilobites are present in these two areas of the state. Moreover, the study of these collections has led to the erection of a new genus and four new species. The new genus, Ameropiltonia, is based on a new species, A. lauradanae. This genus and species is commonly confused with Breviphillipsia sampsoni (Vogdes). Elliptophillipsia rotundus, n. sp., differs from the type species of this genus by possessing a rounded frontal lobe to the glabella. The other new species, Perexigupyge chouteauensis and Richterella hessleri, are present in the Compton Limestone of Marion and Ralls counties of northeastern Missouri. Variations in trilobite species found in the Compton Limestone of central Missouri and the northeastern part of the state are interpreted to be environmentally related. It appears that the lime mudstone and wackestone lithologies characteristic of the Compton Limestone of central Missouri were deposited in a low-energy, subtidal shelf setting. The lime packstone-grainstone strata of northeastern Missouri are interpreted to have formed as a tidal sand belt on the eastern margin of the Burlington shelf.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Annals of Carnegie Museum","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00974463","usgsCitation":"Brezinski, D., 2000, New Lower Mississippian Trilobites from the Chouteau Group of Missouri: Annals of Carnegie Museum, v. 69, no. 2, p. 135-144.","startPage":"135","endPage":"144","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":233521,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"69","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6521e4b0c8380cd72b12","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brezinski, D. K.","contributorId":39010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brezinski","given":"D. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70023208,"text":"70023208 - 2000 - Graphic summary of gas hydrate occurrence by proxy measurements across the Blake Ridge, Sites 994, 995, and 997","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:08","indexId":"70023208","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Graphic summary of gas hydrate occurrence by proxy measurements across the Blake Ridge, Sites 994, 995, and 997","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program: Scientific Results","language":"English","issn":"08845891","usgsCitation":"Lorenson, T., 2000, Graphic summary of gas hydrate occurrence by proxy measurements across the Blake Ridge, Sites 994, 995, and 997, in Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program: Scientific Results, v. 164, p. 247-249.","startPage":"247","endPage":"249","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":233522,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"164","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a29d1e4b0c8380cd5ac6f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lorenson, T.D.","contributorId":7715,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lorenson","given":"T.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70023210,"text":"70023210 - 2000 - Attendance patterns of California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) females and pups during the non-breeding season at San Miguel Island","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-18T17:40:41.545062","indexId":"70023210","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2671,"text":"Marine Mammal Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Attendance patterns of California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) females and pups during the non-breeding season at San Miguel Island","title":"Attendance patterns of California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) females and pups during the non-breeding season at San Miguel Island","docAbstract":"The attendance patterns of California sea lions were studied during the non-breeding seasons from 1991 to 1994. Lactating females frequented the rookery to nurse their pups until weaning; most non-lactating females left the rookery for the season. Females spent over 70% of their time at sea except in 1993 when they spent 59% of their time at sea. The mean foraging trip length in the winter and spring ranged from 3.3 to 4.6 d; the mean nursing visit ranged from 1.2 to 1.4 d. The duration of foraging trips and nursing visits was variable over the season for individuals but no pattern of change was detected. Interannual and seasonal differences were not significant for time at sea, visits ashore, or foraging-trip duration before, during, or after the 1992-1993 El Nino event. Pups spent an average of 66.6% of their time ashore and up to three days away from the rookery during their mother's absence. Most females and pups stayed associated until April or May. The results suggest that seasonal movement of prey is more important in determining attendance patterns late in the lactation period than increasing energy demands of the pup.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1748-7692.2000.tb00911.x","issn":"08240469","usgsCitation":"Melin, S., DeLong, R., Thomason, J., and VanBlaricom, G., 2000, Attendance patterns of California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) females and pups during the non-breeding season at San Miguel Island: Marine Mammal Science, v. 16, no. 1, p. 169-185, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-7692.2000.tb00911.x.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"169","endPage":"185","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232350,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Miguel Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n 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J.R.","contributorId":45868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomason","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"VanBlaricom, G.R.","contributorId":94239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"VanBlaricom","given":"G.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70010279,"text":"70010279 - 2000 - Use of isotopically labeled fertilizer to trace nitrogen fertilizer contributions to surface, soil, and ground water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:21","indexId":"70010279","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2257,"text":"Journal of Environmental Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of isotopically labeled fertilizer to trace nitrogen fertilizer contributions to surface, soil, and ground water","docAbstract":"The fate and transport of a single N fertilizer application through plants, soil, runoff, and the unsaturated and saturated zones was determined for four years at a field site under continuous corn (Zea mays L.) management. Claypan soils, which underlie the site, were hypothesized to restrict the movement of agrichemicals from the soil surface to ground water. However, N fertilizer moved rapidly through preferential flow paths in the soil and into the underlying glacial till aquifer. Most N transport occurred during the fall and winter when crops were not available to use excess N. Forty months after application, 33 percent of the fertilizer had been removed by grain harvests, 30 percent had been transpired to the atmosphere, and 33 percent had migrated to ground water. Although runoff volumes were 50 percent greater than infiltration, less than 2 percent of the fertilizer was lost to runoff. Small measured denitrification rates and large measured dissolved oxygen concentrations in ground water favor the long-term stability of NO3-1 in ground water. Successive fertilizer applications, in areas that lack the ability to moderate N concentrations through consumptive N reactions, risk the potential of N-saturated ecosystems.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Environmental Hydrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"10583912","usgsCitation":"Wilkison, D., Blevins, D.W., and Silva, S.R., 2000, Use of isotopically labeled fertilizer to trace nitrogen fertilizer contributions to surface, soil, and ground water: Journal of Environmental Hydrology, v. 8.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219003,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbf32e4b08c986b3299f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilkison, D.H.","contributorId":39800,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilkison","given":"D.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blevins, D. W.","contributorId":75940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blevins","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Silva, S. R.","contributorId":27474,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Silva","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70023211,"text":"70023211 - 2000 - Direct behavioral evidence that unique bile acids released by larval sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) function as a migratory pheromone","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:14","indexId":"70023211","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Direct behavioral evidence that unique bile acids released by larval sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) function as a migratory pheromone","docAbstract":"Four behavioral experiments conducted in both the laboratory and the field provide evidence that adult sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) select spawning rivers based on the odor of larvae that they contain and that bile acids released by the larvae are part of this pheromonal odor. First, when tested in a recirculating maze, migratory adult lamprey spent more time in water scented with larvae. However, when fully mature, adults lost their responsiveness to larvae and preferred instead the odor of mature individuals. Second, when tested in a flowing stream, migratory adults swam upstream more actively when the water was scented with larvae. Third, when migratory adults were tested in a laboratory maze containing still water, they exhibited enhanced swimming activity in the presence of a 0.1 nM concentration of the two unique bile acids released by larvae and detected by adult lamprey. Fourth, when adults were exposed to this bile acid mixture within flowing waters, they actively swam into it. Taken together, these data suggest that adult lamprey use a bile acid based larval pheromone to help them locate spawning rivers and that responsiveness to this cue is influenced by current flow, maturity, and time of day. Although the precise identity and function of the larval pheromone remain to be fully elucidated, we believe that this cue will ultimately prove useful as an attractant in sea lamprey control.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"0706652X","usgsCitation":"Bjerselius, R., Li, W., Teeter, J., Seelye, J., Johnsen, P., Maniak, P., Grant, G., Polkinghorne, C., and Sorensen, P., 2000, Direct behavioral evidence that unique bile acids released by larval sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) function as a migratory pheromone: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 57, no. 3, p. 557-569.","startPage":"557","endPage":"569","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232351,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"57","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a01ace4b0c8380cd4fcda","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bjerselius, R.","contributorId":15792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bjerselius","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Li, W.","contributorId":85361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Li","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Teeter, J.H.","contributorId":38328,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Teeter","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Seelye, J.G.","contributorId":32861,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seelye","given":"J.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Johnsen, P.B.","contributorId":34293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnsen","given":"P.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Maniak, P.J.","contributorId":98915,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maniak","given":"P.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Grant, G.C.","contributorId":101305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grant","given":"G.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Polkinghorne, C.N.","contributorId":16193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Polkinghorne","given":"C.N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Sorensen, P.W.","contributorId":66884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sorensen","given":"P.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70023212,"text":"70023212 - 2000 - Impact of red imported fire ant infestation on northern bobwhite quail abundance trends in southeastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-12T12:44:28","indexId":"70023212","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2150,"text":"Journal of Agricultural and Urban Entomology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impact of red imported fire ant infestation on northern bobwhite quail abundance trends in southeastern United States","docAbstract":"Northern bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus L.) populations are declining throughout their range. One factor contributing to the decline in the southeastern United States may be the red imported fire ant (Solenopsis invicta Buren). Recent research in Texas has documented that red imported fire ants can have a significant impact on northern bobwhite quail. That research was conducted in areas where fire ants are predominately polygynous (multiple queen). Polygynous infestations have much higher mound densities than the monogynous (single queen) form. In most of the southeastern United States, fire ants are predominately monogynous. We determined if there was a relationship between the invasion of monogynous red imported fire ants and abundance trends in northern bobwhite quail in the southeastern United States. For Florida, Georgia, and South Carolina we compared average northern bobwhite quail abundance based on Christmas Bird Count data for each county before and after fire ant invasion, and conducted regression analyses on bobwhite quail abundance and year preinvasion, and abundance and year postinvasion. Regionally, northern bobwhite quail were more abundant before (0.067 ??0.018 bobwhite quail per observer hour) than after fire ants invaded (0.019 ?? 0.006; Z = -3.746, df = 18, P < 0.001). There was no significant regional population trend for northern bobwhite quail (r2 = 0.24; df = 9, P = 0.13) before fire ant invasion. Post-invasion, northern bobwhite quail populations significantly declined regionally (r2 = 0.76, df = 15, P < 0.001), and in Florida (r2 = 0.71, df = 15, P < 0.01) and South Carolina (r* = 0.50, df = 9, P = 0.01). The number of years that a county had been infested by fire ants explained 75% of the yearly variation in northern bobwhite quail abundance after invasion, despite >30-yr variation in invasion dates.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Agricultural and Urban Entomology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"15235475","usgsCitation":"Allen, C.R., Willey, R., Myers, P., Horton, P., and Buffa, J., 2000, Impact of red imported fire ant infestation on northern bobwhite quail abundance trends in southeastern United States: Journal of Agricultural and Urban Entomology, v. 17, no. 1, p. 43-51.","startPage":"43","endPage":"51","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232392,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a38c7e4b0c8380cd616b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Allen, Craig R. 0000-0001-8655-8272 allencr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8655-8272","contributorId":1979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"allencr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":396850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Willey, R.D.","contributorId":6630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willey","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Myers, P.E.","contributorId":105477,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Myers","given":"P.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Horton, P.M.","contributorId":47549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horton","given":"P.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Buffa, J.","contributorId":82093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buffa","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70023215,"text":"70023215 - 2000 - Stiptognathus new genus (Conodonta: Ibexian, Lower Ordovician), and the apparatus of Stiptognathus borealis (Repetski, 1982)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-30T17:00:26.679292","indexId":"70023215","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2412,"text":"Journal of Paleontology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Stiptognathus new genus (Conodonta: Ibexian, Lower Ordovician), and the apparatus of Stiptognathus borealis (Repetski, 1982)","title":"Stiptognathus new genus (Conodonta: Ibexian, Lower Ordovician), and the apparatus of Stiptognathus borealis (Repetski, 1982)","docAbstract":"

Collections from upper Ibexian (Tulean Stage) rocks of western United States, from the Canning Basin in western Australia, and from the Argentine Precordillera contain a seximembrate apparatus of multidenticulate conodonts whose elements have been included by authors in species of Prioniodus Pander, 1986, and Reunerodus Serpagli, 1974. The individual elements as well as the complete apparatus are not consistent with assignment of the species to either of these genera or to any other extant genus. A new generic name, Stiptognathus Ethington, Lehnert, and Repetski, is proposed with Reutterodus borealis Repetski, 1982, as type species. The apparatus consists of Pa, Pb, Sa-c, and M elements; the genus represents either the Prioniodontidae or the Periodontidae.

","language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1666/0022-3360(2000)074<0092:SNGCIL>2.0.CO;2","issn":"00223360","usgsCitation":"Ethington, R.L., Lehnert, O., and Repetski, J., 2000, Stiptognathus new genus (Conodonta: Ibexian, Lower Ordovician), and the apparatus of Stiptognathus borealis (Repetski, 1982): Journal of Paleontology, v. 74, no. 1, p. 92-100, https://doi.org/10.1666/0022-3360(2000)074<0092:SNGCIL>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"92","endPage":"100","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232432,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Argentina, Australia, United States","otherGeospatial":"Argentine Precordillera, Canning Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.3779296875,\n 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Missouri","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":396863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lehnert, O.","contributorId":39143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lehnert","given":"O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Repetski, J.E.","contributorId":38579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Repetski","given":"J.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70023219,"text":"70023219 - 2000 - Distribution of metals during digestion by cutthroat trout fed benthic invertebrates contaminated in the Clark Fork River, Montana and the Coeur d'Alene River, Idaho, U.S.A., and fed artificially contaminated Artemia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-17T16:03:34","indexId":"70023219","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2285,"text":"Journal of Fish Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distribution of metals during digestion by cutthroat trout fed benthic invertebrates contaminated in the Clark Fork River, Montana and the Coeur d'Alene River, Idaho, U.S.A., and fed artificially contaminated Artemia","docAbstract":"

The concentrations of essential amino acids in three, undigested invertebrate diets collected from the Clark Fork River (CFR) for cutthroat trout were similar to each other, but were c. 25–75% less than Artemia that were exposed to a mixture of arsenic, copper, cadmium, lead and zinc in the laboratory. The Artemia diet appeared less palatable and the texture, quantity and appearance of the intestinal contents differed between fish fed the Artemia and CFR diets. The Pb% in the fluid fraction of the intestinal contents was greater for the Artemia (29%) than for the CFR diets (10–17%), and the Cu% in the amino acid plus metal fraction of the intestinal contents was greater for the Artemia (78%) than for two of the three CFR diets (67% and 70%). Intestinal contents of fish fed invertebrate diets collected from various sites on the Coeur d'Alene River (CDA), Idaho, were similar in texture, quantity, and appearance. For fish fed the CDA diets, differences in the distribution of metals among fractions of the digestive fluids appeared to be related to concentrations of metals in the invertebrate diets. Pb% was lowest of all metals in the fluid portion of the intestinal contents. However, >80% of all metals in the hind gut were associated with the particulate fraction where they may still be available for uptake through pinocytosis.

","language":"English","publisher":"FSBI","doi":"10.1006/jfbi.1999.1150","issn":"00221112","usgsCitation":"Farag, A., Suedkamp, M., Meyer, J., Barrows, R., and Woodward, D.F., 2000, Distribution of metals during digestion by cutthroat trout fed benthic invertebrates contaminated in the Clark Fork River, Montana and the Coeur d'Alene River, Idaho, U.S.A., and fed artificially contaminated Artemia: Journal of Fish Biology, v. 56, no. 1, p. 173-190, https://doi.org/10.1006/jfbi.1999.1150.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"173","endPage":"190","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":232473,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":207483,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jfbi.1999.1150"}],"volume":"56","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a02e1e4b0c8380cd5023e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Farag, A.M.","contributorId":106273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farag","given":"A.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Suedkamp, M.J.","contributorId":70593,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Suedkamp","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Meyer, J.S.","contributorId":85741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Barrows, R.","contributorId":35271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barrows","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Woodward, D. F.","contributorId":85645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodward","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70023218,"text":"70023218 - 2000 - Tissue-specific induction of Hsp90 mRNA and plasma cortisol response in chinook salmon following heat shock, seawater challenge, and handling challenge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-19T13:50:44.278907","indexId":"70023218","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2661,"text":"Marine Biotechnology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tissue-specific induction of Hsp90 mRNA and plasma cortisol response in chinook salmon following heat shock, seawater challenge, and handling challenge","docAbstract":"

In studying the whole-body response of chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) to various stressors, we found that 5-hour exposure to elevated temperature (mean 21.6°C; + 10.6°C over ambient) induced a marked increase in Hsp90 messenger RNA accumulation in heart, brain, gill, muscle, liver, kidney, and tail fin tissues. The most vital tissues (heart, brain, gill, and muscle) showed the greatest Hsp90-mRNA response, with heart tissue increasing approximately 35-fold. Heat shock induced no increase in plasma cortisol. In contrast, a standard handling challenge induced high plasma cortisol levels, but no elevation in Hsp90 mRNA in any tissue, clearly separating the physiological and cellular stress responses. We saw no increase either in tissue Hsp90 mRNA levels or in plasma cortisol concentrations after exposing the fish to seawater overnight.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s101260000005","issn":"14362228","usgsCitation":"Palmisano, A.N., Winton, J., and Dickhoff, W.W., 2000, Tissue-specific induction of Hsp90 mRNA and plasma cortisol response in chinook salmon following heat shock, seawater challenge, and handling challenge: Marine Biotechnology, v. 2, no. 4, p. 329-338, https://doi.org/10.1007/s101260000005.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"329","endPage":"338","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":232472,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb417e4b08c986b326189","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Palmisano, Aldo N.","contributorId":36653,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Palmisano","given":"Aldo","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Winton, J. R. 0000-0002-3505-5509","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3505-5509","contributorId":82441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winton","given":"J. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dickhoff, Walton W.","contributorId":85133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dickhoff","given":"Walton","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1003650,"text":"1003650 - 2000 - Heavy metals in wild rice from northern Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-12T17:53:07.931355","indexId":"1003650","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Heavy metals in wild rice from northern Wisconsin","docAbstract":"

Wild rice grain samples from various parts of the world have been found to have elevated concentrations of heavy metals, raising concern for potential effects on human health. It was hypothesized that wild rice from north-central Wisconsin could potentially have elevated concentrations of some heavy metals because of possible exposure to these elements from the atmosphere or from water and sediments. In addition, no studies of heavy metals in wild rice from Wisconsin had been performed, and a baseline study was needed for future comparisons. Wild rice plants were collected from four areas in Bayfield, Forest, Langlade, Oneida, Sawyer and Wood Counties in September, 1997 and 1998 and divided into four plant parts for elemental analyses: roots, stems, leaves and seeds. A total of 194 samples from 51 plants were analyzed across the localities, with an average of 49 samples per part depending on the element. Samples were cleaned of soil, wet digested, and analyzed by ICP for Ag, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mg, Pb, Se and Zn. Roots contained the highest concentrations of Ag, As, Cd, Cr, Hg, Pb, and Se. Copper was highest in both roots and seeds, while Zn was highest just in seeds. Magnesium was highest in leaves. Seed baseline ranges for the 10 elements were established using the 95% confidence intervals of the medians. Wild rice plants from northern Wisconsin had normal levels of the nutritional elements Cu, Mg and Zn in the seeds. Silver, Cd, Hg, Cr, and Se were very low in concentration or within normal limits for food plants. Arsenic and Pb, however, were elevated and could pose a problem for human health. The pathway for As, Hg and Pb to the plants could be atmospheric.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00464-7","usgsCitation":"Bennett, J.P., Chiriboga, E., Coleman, J., and Waller, D., 2000, Heavy metals in wild rice from northern Wisconsin: Science of the Total Environment, v. 246, no. 2-3, p. 261-269, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00464-7.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"261","endPage":"269","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134269,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","county":"Bayfield, Forest, Langlade, Oneida, Sawyer, Wood","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.8413848876953,\n 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P.","contributorId":52103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennett","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chiriboga, E.","contributorId":65051,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chiriboga","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Coleman, J.","contributorId":73560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coleman","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Waller, D.M.","contributorId":17585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waller","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":1003657,"text":"1003657 - 2000 - Field surveys of Midwestern and Northeastern Fish and Wildlife Service lands for the presence of abnormal frogs and toads","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-18T13:57:00","indexId":"1003657","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2555,"text":"Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Field surveys of Midwestern and Northeastern Fish and Wildlife Service lands for the presence of abnormal frogs and toads","docAbstract":"

The national distribution of information on the discovery of malformations in Minnesota frogs in 1995 stimulated collection and examination of newly metamorphosed frogs during 1996. By late summer and early fall of 1996, malformed frogs and toads were reported on U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) lands in Vermont (Northeast, Region 5) and Minnesota (Midwest, Region 3). In response to these reports, biologists in USFWS Regions 3 and 5 conducted a survey, during the summer of 1997 to determine the distribution and type of malformations in frogs and toads on selected federal lands. Region 3 personnel surveyed 38 field stations at National Wildlife Refuges (NWR's) and Wetland Management Districts. Malformed frogs and toads were collected at 23 (61%) of the Region 3 sites. External malformations were detected in 110 of 6632 individuals representing seven of 13 frog species and one of three toad species examined for an overall of 1.7% affected (percentages for affected species ranged from 0.4-5.2%). In Region 5, 17 NWR's and one National Park were surveyed. Malformed frogs were collected at 10 (56%) of the Region 5 sites. External malformations were detected in 58 of 2267 individuals representing six of 11 frog species and one of two toad species examined for an overall total of 2.6% affected (percentages for affected species ranged from 1.8-15.6%). The majority of malformations observed in frogs and toads collected in Regions 3 and 5 were partially or completely missing hind limbs and digits (50%)or malformed hind limbs and digits (14%). A few individuals had an extra limb or toe, missing or malformed front limb, missing eye, or malformation of the mandible. Despite small sample sizes at some sites, malformations were confirmed to be present in eight species of frogs and two species of toads on Federal lands in USFWS Regions 3 and 5. Further study is needed to determine the extent and distribution of amphibian malformations in these Regions. Data from this study were provided to the national database on distribution of malformed amphibians.

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A.","contributorId":81436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Converse","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mattsson, J.","contributorId":21514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mattsson","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eaton-Poole, L.","contributorId":69521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eaton-Poole","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1003658,"text":"1003658 - 2000 - 16-year trends in elements of lichens at Theodore Roosevelt National Park, ND","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-12T17:58:22.276577","indexId":"1003658","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"16-year trends in elements of lichens at Theodore Roosevelt National Park, ND","docAbstract":"

An epiphytic lichen and a soil lichen in two very closely related genera (Parmelia sulcata and Xanthoparmelia chlorochroa, respectively) were sampled 16 years apart at Theodore Roosevelt National Park in North Dakota and measured for their elemental content. Mercury and cadmium decreased approximately 30% over the time period in both species. Sulfur decreased 8% in the epiphytic species, but increased 20% in the soil lichen. Factor analysis revealed that soil elements were higher in the soil lichen, indicating there was some soil contamination in that species. A relationship between iron and titanium was found only in the soil lichen. Sulfur and mercury were highly enriched in both species relative to the soil, which suggests that the atmosphere is a contributing source of these elements. New baseline values were calculated, 22 elements for both species, although it is not recommended that the soil lichen be sampled in the future.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0048-9697(00)00711-7","usgsCitation":"Bennett, J.P., and Wetmore, C.M., 2000, 16-year trends in elements of lichens at Theodore Roosevelt National Park, ND: Science of the Total Environment, v. 263, no. 1-3, p. 231-241, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(00)00711-7.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"231","endPage":"241","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134469,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Theodore Roosevelt National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -103.568115234375,\n 47.02801434856074\n ],\n [\n -103.52554321289062,\n 47.02614213366051\n ],\n [\n -103.4967041015625,\n 47.01958886438214\n ],\n [\n -103.47885131835938,\n 47.01490746524705\n ],\n [\n -103.46649169921875,\n 47.00179736417431\n ],\n [\n -103.41156005859375,\n 46.9980510299792\n ],\n [\n -103.4033203125,\n 46.98493679163584\n ],\n [\n -103.33740234375,\n 46.95776134668866\n ],\n [\n -103.3154296875,\n 46.94088688378103\n ],\n [\n -103.304443359375,\n 46.916503267244835\n ],\n [\n -103.30581665039062,\n 46.89210855010365\n ],\n [\n -103.36074829101562,\n 46.882723010671945\n ],\n [\n -103.392333984375,\n 46.87615215594502\n ],\n [\n -103.42254638671874,\n 46.889293060706166\n ],\n [\n -103.46923828124999,\n 46.90149244734082\n ],\n [\n -103.52005004882812,\n 46.91181283760963\n ],\n [\n -103.56399536132812,\n 46.92119328635469\n ],\n [\n -103.57635498046875,\n 46.939949257630815\n ],\n [\n -103.57772827148436,\n 46.97181933529799\n ],\n [\n -103.60794067382812,\n 46.98587362966408\n ],\n [\n -103.60931396484374,\n 47.00741637293773\n ],\n [\n -103.568115234375,\n 47.02801434856074\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -103.42117309570312,\n 47.638559656739545\n ],\n [\n -103.32366943359375,\n 47.63670896254457\n ],\n [\n -103.30307006835938,\n 47.62467785241324\n ],\n [\n -103.25225830078125,\n 47.616346999837226\n ],\n [\n -103.23577880859375,\n 47.611718174784954\n ],\n [\n -103.238525390625,\n 47.59690318115471\n ],\n [\n -103.2440185546875,\n 47.58393661978137\n ],\n [\n -103.27835083007812,\n 47.58856790334661\n ],\n [\n -103.27423095703124,\n 47.5774521343697\n ],\n [\n -103.29208374023438,\n 47.568187190520135\n ],\n [\n -103.3154296875,\n 47.568187190520135\n ],\n [\n -103.36624145507812,\n 47.56911375866714\n ],\n [\n -103.36761474609374,\n 47.54872547286774\n ],\n [\n -103.370361328125,\n 47.53852835471765\n ],\n [\n -103.4307861328125,\n 47.53945544742392\n ],\n [\n -103.4637451171875,\n 47.55057928124212\n ],\n [\n -103.47335815429688,\n 47.57004031042246\n ],\n [\n -103.46786499023438,\n 47.60338525714934\n ],\n [\n -103.46237182617188,\n 47.615421267605434\n ],\n [\n -103.42117309570312,\n 47.638559656739545\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"263","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5507feb0e4b02e76d757c12f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bennett, J. P.","contributorId":52103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennett","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wetmore, C. M.","contributorId":65036,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wetmore","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1002421,"text":"1002421 - 2000 - Climate change: Potential impacts and interactions in wetlands of the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-03T15:48:00","indexId":"1002421","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climate change: Potential impacts and interactions in wetlands of the United States","docAbstract":"Wetlands exist in a transition zone between aquatic and terrestrial environments which can be altered by subtle changes in hydrology. Twentieth century climate records show that the United States is generally experiencing a trend towards a wetter, warmer climate; some climate models suggest that his trend will continue and possibly intensify over the next 100 years. Wetlands that are most likely to be affected by these and other potential changes (e.g., sea-level rise) associated with atmospheric carbon enrichment include permafrost wetlands, coastal and estuarine wetlands, peatlands, alpine wetlands, and prairie pothote wetlands. Potential impacts range from changes in community structure to changes in ecological function, and from extirpation to enhancement. Wetlands (particularly boreal peatlands) play an important role in the global carbon cycle, generally sequestering carbon in the form of biomass, methane, dissolved organic material and organic sediment. Wetlands that are drained or partially dried can become a net source of methane and carbon dioxide to the atmosphere, serving as a positive biotic feedback to global warming. Policy options for minimizing the adverse impacts of climate change on wetland ecosystems include the reduction of current anthropogenic stresses, allowing for inland migration of coastal wetlands as sea-level rises, active management to preserve wetland hydrology, and a wide range of other management and restoration options.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2000.tb04270.x","usgsCitation":"Burkett, V., and Kusler, J., 2000, Climate change: Potential impacts and interactions in wetlands of the United States: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 36, no. 2, p. 313-320, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2000.tb04270.x.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"313","endPage":"320","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133991,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"36","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d6e4b07f02db5de1e7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burkett, Virginia 0000-0003-4746-2862 virginia_burkett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4746-2862","contributorId":2867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burkett","given":"Virginia","email":"virginia_burkett@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":505,"text":"Office of the AD Climate and Land-Use Change","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":312093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kusler, Jon","contributorId":113716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kusler","given":"Jon","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1003734,"text":"1003734 - 2000 - Metals and trace elements in tissues of common eiders (Somateria mollissima) from the Finnish archipelago","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-17T15:30:23.796528","indexId":"1003734","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2962,"text":"Ornis Fennica","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Metals and trace elements in tissues of common eiders (Somateria mollissima) from the Finnish archipelago","title":"Metals and trace elements in tissues of common eiders (Somateria mollissima) from the Finnish archipelago","docAbstract":"

We sampled Common Eiders (Somateria mollissima) at five locations near coastal Finland in 1997 and 1998 for evidence of exposure to arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, iron, mercury, magnesium, molybdenum, lead, selenium, and zinc. Livers and kidneys were collected from adult males and females found dead and hunter-killed males, and livers were collected from ducklings. Two adult females, one of which had an ingested lead shot in its gizzard, were poisoned by lead. The concentration of metals and trace elements that we found in tissues of eiders, other than the two lead poisoned birds, were not high enough to have independently caused mortality.

","language":"English","publisher":"Birdlife Suomi","usgsCitation":"Franson, J.C., Hollmen, T., Poppenga, R., Hario, M., and Kilpi, M., 2000, Metals and trace elements in tissues of common eiders (Somateria mollissima) from the Finnish archipelago: Ornis Fennica, v. 77, no. 2, p. 57-63.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"57","endPage":"63","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134314,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":405256,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://lintulehti.birdlife.fi/#/pdfhakucrit"}],"country":"Finland","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 23.818359375,\n 65.96437717203098\n ],\n [\n 23.818359375,\n 65.71255746172102\n ],\n [\n 24.7412109375,\n 65.53117097417717\n ],\n [\n 24.3896484375,\n 65.12763795652116\n ],\n [\n 22.9833984375,\n 64.41592147626879\n ],\n [\n 21.005859375,\n 63.58767529470318\n ],\n [\n 20.478515625,\n 63.11463763252091\n ],\n [\n 20.478515625,\n 61.87687021463305\n ],\n [\n 20.698242187499996,\n 61.18562468142283\n ],\n [\n 19.1162109375,\n 60.45721779774397\n ],\n [\n 19.775390625,\n 59.7563950493563\n ],\n [\n 20.830078125,\n 59.5343180010956\n ],\n [\n 23.5546875,\n 59.712097173322924\n ],\n [\n 25.7958984375,\n 60.02095215374802\n ],\n [\n 27.333984375,\n 60.15244221438077\n ],\n [\n 28.125,\n 60.28340847828243\n ],\n [\n 28.168945312499996,\n 60.84491057364915\n ],\n [\n 25.356445312499996,\n 60.54377524118842\n ],\n [\n 22.67578125,\n 60.65164736580915\n ],\n [\n 22.148437499999996,\n 61.39671887310411\n ],\n [\n 21.97265625,\n 63.01510569831989\n ],\n [\n 23.3349609375,\n 63.68524808030715\n ],\n [\n 25.13671875,\n 64.20637724320852\n ],\n [\n 25.9716796875,\n 65.01650627048231\n ],\n [\n 25.8837890625,\n 65.60387765860433\n ],\n [\n 23.818359375,\n 65.96437717203098\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"77","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4fe4b07f02db628757","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Franson, J. C. 0000-0002-0251-4238","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0251-4238","contributorId":99071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hollmen, T.","contributorId":16787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hollmen","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Poppenga, R.H.","contributorId":86308,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poppenga","given":"R.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hario, Martti","contributorId":31340,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hario","given":"Martti","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kilpi, Mikaei","contributorId":102428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kilpi","given":"Mikaei","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70022136,"text":"70022136 - 2000 - Record of late holocene debris avalanches and lahars at Iliamna Volcano, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:45","indexId":"70022136","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Record of late holocene debris avalanches and lahars at Iliamna Volcano, Alaska","docAbstract":"Iliamna Volcano is a 3053-meter high, glaciated stratovolcano in the southern Cook Inlet region of Alaska and is one of seven volcanoes in this region that have erupted multiple times during the past 10,000 yr. Prior to our studies of Iliamna Volcano, little was known about the frequency, magnitude, and character of Holocene volcanic activity. Here we present geologic evidence of the most recent eruptive activity of the volcano and provide the first outline of Late Holocene debris-avalanche and lahar formation. Iliamna has had no documented historical eruptions but our recent field investigations indicate that the volcano has erupted at least twice in the last 300 yr. Clay-rich lahar deposits dated by radiocarbon to ???1300 and ???90 yr BP are present in two major valleys that head on the volcano. These deposits indicate that at least two large, possibly deep-seated, flank failures of the volcanic edifice have occurred in the last 1300 yr. Noncohesive lahar deposits likely associated with explosive pyroclastic eruptions date to 2400-1300,>1500,???300, and <305 yr BP. Debris-avalanche deposits from recent and historical small-volume slope failures of the hydrothermally altered volcanic edifice cover most of the major glaciers on the volcano. Although these deposits consist almost entirely of hydrothermally altered rock debris and snow and ice, none of the recently generated debris avalanches evolved to lahars. A clay-rich lahar deposit that formed <90??60 radiocarbon yr BP and entered the Johnson River Valley southeast of the volcano cannot be confidently related to an eruption of Iliamna Volcano, which has had no known historical eruptions. This deposit may record an unheralded debris avalanche and lahar. ?? 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0377-0273(00)00202-X","issn":"03770273","usgsCitation":"Waythomas, C.F., Miller, T.P., and Beget, J.E., 2000, Record of late holocene debris avalanches and lahars at Iliamna Volcano, Alaska: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 104, no. 1-4, p. 97-130, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-0273(00)00202-X.","startPage":"97","endPage":"130","numberOfPages":"34","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":206765,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0377-0273(00)00202-X"},{"id":230739,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"104","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a271e4b0e8fec6cdb5df","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waythomas, C. F.","contributorId":10065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waythomas","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":392491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, T. P.","contributorId":49345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":392492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Beget, J. E.","contributorId":63392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beget","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":392493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70022137,"text":"70022137 - 2000 - Effects of asynchronous snowmelt on flushing of dissolved organic carbon: A mixing model approach","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-07T07:00:27","indexId":"70022137","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of asynchronous snowmelt on flushing of dissolved organic carbon: A mixing model approach","docAbstract":"

In many snowmelt-dominated catchments, stream dissolved organic carbon (DOC) levels typically increase rapidly as spring melt commences, peak before maximum discharge, and decrease quickly as melting continues. We present data from Deer Creek (Summit County, CO) that shows this distinctive flushing response of DOC during snowmelt runoff, with DOC stored in landscape soils flushed to the stream in response to infiltrating melt waters. Our prior studies show that asynchronous melting of the snowpack across the landscape causes the spring DOC flush to be initiated at different times throughout the catchment. In this study we quantify characteristics of the asynchronous melt and its effect on DOC flushing. We investigated whether a simple mixing model can be used to capture the essentials of the asynchronous melting of a seasonal snowpack and its controls on DOC transport. We divided the catchment into zones of aspect and elevation, which largely determine spatial and temporal variations in the distribution of snow. TOPMODEL was used to simulate the hydrology in each zone, and the simulated flow paths were routed through a simple DOC mixing model to predict contributions of DOC to the stream. The zonal responses were aggregated to give a predicted response of hydrology and DOC fluxes for the entire catchment. Our results indicate that asynchronous melting-which determines the timing of contributions of discharge and DOC to streamflow from different areas of the landscape-can be quantified using a simple modeling approach. 

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/1099-1085(20001230)14:18<3291::AID-HYP202>3.0.CO;2-2","issn":"08856087","usgsCitation":"Boyer, E., Hornberger, G., Bencala, K., and McKnight, D.M., 2000, Effects of asynchronous snowmelt on flushing of dissolved organic carbon: A mixing model approach: Hydrological Processes, v. 14, no. 18, p. 3291-3308, https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1085(20001230)14:18<3291::AID-HYP202>3.0.CO;2-2.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"3291","endPage":"3308","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":230740,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":206766,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1099-1085(20001230)14:18<3291::AID-HYP202>3.0.CO;2-2"}],"volume":"14","issue":"18","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0692e4b0c8380cd512f5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boyer, E.W.","contributorId":56358,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boyer","given":"E.W.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6738,"text":"The Pennsylvania State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":392494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hornberger, G.M.","contributorId":68463,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hornberger","given":"G.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":392496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bencala, K.E.","contributorId":105312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bencala","given":"K.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":392497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McKnight, Diane M.","contributorId":59773,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKnight","given":"Diane","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":16833,"text":"INSTAAR, University of Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":392495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70022486,"text":"70022486 - 2000 - Contaminant distribution and accumulation in the surface sediments of Long Island Sound","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-18T12:19:38","indexId":"70022486","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2220,"text":"Journal of Coastal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Contaminant distribution and accumulation in the surface sediments of Long Island Sound","docAbstract":"The distribution of contaminants in surface sediments has been measured and mapped as part of a U.S. Geological Survey study of the sediment quality and dynamics of Long Island Sound. Surface samples from 219 stations were analyzed for trace (Ag, Ba, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, V, Zn and Zr) and major (Al, Fe, Mn, Ca, and Ti) elements, grain size, and Clostridium perfringens spores. Principal Components Analysis was used to identify metals that may covary as a function of common sources or geochemistry. The metallic elements generally have higher concentrations in fine-grained deposits, and their transport and depositional patterns mimic those of small particles. Fine-grained particles are remobilized and transported from areas of high bottom energy and deposited in less dynamic regions of the Sound. Metal concentrations in bottom sediments are high in the western part of the Sound and low in the bottom-scoured regions of the eastern Sound. The sediment chemistry was compared to model results (Signell et al., 1998) and maps of sedimentary environments (Knebel et al., 1999) to better understand the processes responsible for contaminant distribution across the Sound. Metal concentrations were normalized to grain-size and the resulting ratios are uniform in the depositional basins of the Sound and show residual signals in the eastern end as well as in some local areas. The preferential transport of fine-grained material from regions of high bottom stress is probably the dominant factor controlling the metal concentrations in different regions of Long Island Sound. This physical redistribution has implications for environmental management in the region.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Coastal Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"07490208","usgsCitation":"Mecray, E., and Buchholtz ten Brink, M.R., 2000, Contaminant distribution and accumulation in the surface sediments of Long Island Sound: Journal of Coastal Research, v. 16, no. 3, p. 575-590.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"575","endPage":"590","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":230683,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Long Island Sound","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n 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]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fa30e4b0c8380cd4d994","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mecray, E.L.","contributorId":14840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mecray","given":"E.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":393793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Buchholtz ten Brink, Marilyn R.","contributorId":88021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buchholtz ten Brink","given":"Marilyn","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":393794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70022485,"text":"70022485 - 2000 - Ordovician and Pennsylvanian berthierine-bearing flint clays","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-27T18:21:24","indexId":"70022485","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1245,"text":"Clays and Clay Minerals","onlineIssn":"1552-8367","printIssn":"0009-8604","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ordovician and Pennsylvanian berthierine-bearing flint clays","docAbstract":"

We report here the first occurrence of berthierine-bearing flint clays, one Ordovician and one Pennsylvanian in age. They are characterized by a berthierine-kaolinite-boehmite (bkb) assemblage. The Pennsylvanian flint clay from northeastern Kentucky is more typical in that it occurs in association with coal measures.

The Ordovician occurrence from northwestern Illinois is the oldest flint clay of which we are aware. Because it is Ordovician, it formed before the evolution of terrestrial vascular plants. All previous reports of flint clays point to a genetic connection between flint-clay formation and the growth and decay of plants (Bohor and Triplehorn, 1993). Except for the high berthierine content and greenish color, the physical properties of this flint clay are similar to those of other kaolinitic flint clays. Some samples of the Ordovician flint clay are nearly pure berthierine.

","language":"English","publisher":"The Clay Minerals Society","doi":"10.1346/CCMN.2000.0480118","usgsCitation":"Moore, D., and Hughes, R.E., 2000, Ordovician and Pennsylvanian berthierine-bearing flint clays: Clays and Clay Minerals, v. 48, no. 1, p. 145-149, https://doi.org/10.1346/CCMN.2000.0480118.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"145","endPage":"149","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":230651,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6f5ae4b0c8380cd75a52","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, D.M.","contributorId":29576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":393791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hughes, Randall E.","contributorId":93488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hughes","given":"Randall","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":393792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70022165,"text":"70022165 - 2000 - Image and in situ data integration to derive sawgrass density for surface flow modelling in the Everglades, Florida, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:46","indexId":"70022165","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1934,"text":"IAHS-AISH Publication","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Image and in situ data integration to derive sawgrass density for surface flow modelling in the Everglades, Florida, USA","docAbstract":"The US Geological Survey is building models of the Florida Everglades to be used in managing south Florida surface water flows for habitat restoration and maintenance. Because of the low gradients in the Everglades, vegetation structural characteristics are very important and greatly influence surface water flow and distribution. Vegetation density is being evaluated as an index of surface resistance to flow. Digital multispectral videography (DMSV) has been captured over several sites just before field collection of vegetation data. Linear regression has been used to establish a relationship between normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) values computed from the DMSV and field-collected biomass and density estimates. Spatial analysis applied to the DMSV data indicates that thematic mapper (TM) resolution is at the limit required to capture land surface heterogeneity. The TM data collected close to the time of the DMSV will be used to derive a regional sawgrass density map.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"IAHS-AISH Publication","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"01447815","usgsCitation":"Jones, J.W., 2000, Image and in situ data integration to derive sawgrass density for surface flow modelling in the Everglades, Florida, USA: IAHS-AISH Publication, no. 267, p. 507-512.","startPage":"507","endPage":"512","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":230558,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"267","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3877e4b0c8380cd61598","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, J. W.","contributorId":89233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":392586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70022134,"text":"70022134 - 2000 - 15N NMR study of nitrate ion structure and dynamics in hydrotalcite-like compounds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:45","indexId":"70022134","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":738,"text":"American Mineralogist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"15N NMR study of nitrate ion structure and dynamics in hydrotalcite-like compounds","docAbstract":"We report here the first nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic study of the dynamical and structural behavior of nitrate on the surface and in the interlayer of hydrotalcite-like compounds (15NO3--HT). Spectroscopically resolvable surface-absorbed and interlayer NO3- have dramatically different dynamical characteristics. The interlayer nitrate shows a well defined, temperature independent uniaxial chemical shift anisotropy (CS A) powder pattern. It is rigidly held or perhaps undergoes rotation about its threefold axis at all temperatures between -100 ??C and +80 ??C and relative humidities (R.H.) from 0 to 100% at room temperature. For surface nitrate, however, the dynamical behavior depends substantially on temperature and relative humidity. Analysis of the temperature and R.H. dependences of the peak width yields reorieritational frequencies which increase from essentially 0 at -100 ??C to 2.6 ?? 105 Hz at 60 ??C and an activation energy of 12.6 kJ/mol. For example, for samples at R.H. = 33%, the surface nitrate is isotropically mobile at frequencies greater than 105 Hz at room temperature, but it becomes rigid or only rotates on its threefold axis at -100 ??C. For dry samples and samples heated at 200 ??C (R.H. near 0%), the surface nitrate is not isotropically averaged at room temperature. In contrast to our previous results for 35Cl--containing hydrotalcite (35Cl--HT), no NMR detectable structural phase transition is observed for 15NO3--HT. The mobility of interlayer nitrate in HT is intermediate between that of carbonate and chloride.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Mineralogist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"0003004X","usgsCitation":"Hou, X., James, K.R., Yu, P., Moore, D., and Kim, Y., 2000, 15N NMR study of nitrate ion structure and dynamics in hydrotalcite-like compounds: American Mineralogist, v. 85, no. 1, p. 173-180.","startPage":"173","endPage":"180","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":230700,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"85","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e227e4b0c8380cd459db","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hou, X.","contributorId":57237,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hou","given":"X.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":392485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"James, Kirkpatrick R.","contributorId":107058,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"James","given":"Kirkpatrick","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":392488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yu, P.","contributorId":80849,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yu","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":392486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Moore, D.","contributorId":105307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":392487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kim, Y.","contributorId":38314,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kim","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":392484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70022166,"text":"70022166 - 2000 - Heterozygosity and fitness: No strong association in Great Lakes populations of the zebra mussel, Dreissena Polymorpha (Pallas)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:46","indexId":"70022166","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2648,"text":"Malacologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Heterozygosity and fitness: No strong association in Great Lakes populations of the zebra mussel, Dreissena Polymorpha (Pallas)","docAbstract":"A number of studies have found positive associations between allozyme heterozygosity and fitness surrogates (e.g., body size and growth rate) for marine molluscs. We investigated whether similar relationships exist for freshwater populations of the zebra mussel, Dreissena polymorpha. Only one significant correlation between multi-locus heterozygosity and shell length was observed for a total of 22 D. polymorpha populations surveyed from midwestern U.S.A. lakes and streams, and the result was not significant on a table-wide basis. Meta-analysis revealed a significant common correlation coefficient (effect magnitude) between multi-locus heterozygosity and shell length across all 22 sites (rc = 0.052, P = 0.019, 1557 df). However, the variance in shell length explained by multi-locus heterozygosity was small (rc2 = 0.0027), implying a weak causal relationship if any. Also, we saw no relationship between heterozygosity and growth rate in a one-year field enclosure experiment. A significant heterozygosity-shell length correlation previously reported for a zebra mussel population at Put-in-Bay, Lake Erie, Ohio, may have been the product of unique population dynamics, rather than natural selection. Similar demographic considerations may contribute to inconsistencies in heterozygosity-fitness correlations seen for other molluscs.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Malacologia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00762997","usgsCitation":"Lewis, K., Feder, J., Horvath, T., and Lamberti, G.A., 2000, Heterozygosity and fitness: No strong association in Great Lakes populations of the zebra mussel, Dreissena Polymorpha (Pallas): Malacologia, v. 42, no. 1-2, p. 113-122.","startPage":"113","endPage":"122","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":230559,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"42","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3091e4b0c8380cd5d75c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lewis, K.M.","contributorId":42745,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":392588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Feder, J.L.","contributorId":45477,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feder","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":392590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Horvath, T.G.","contributorId":33477,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horvath","given":"T.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":392587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lamberti, G. A.","contributorId":44229,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lamberti","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":392589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70022484,"text":"70022484 - 2000 - Advances in solid-phase extraction disks for environmental chemistry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-07T06:36:35","indexId":"70022484","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3615,"text":"TrAC - Trends in Analytical Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Advances in solid-phase extraction disks for environmental chemistry","docAbstract":"

The development of solid-phase extraction (SPE) for environmental chemistry has progressed significantly over the last decade to include a number of new sorbents and new approaches to SPE. One SPE approach in particular, the SPE disk, has greatly reduced or eliminated the use of chlorinated solvents for the analysis of trace organic compounds. This article discusses the use and applicability of various SPE disks, including micro-sized disks, prior to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for the analysis of trace organic compounds in water. 

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0165-9936(99)00175-2","issn":"01659936","usgsCitation":"Thurman, E., and Snavely, K., 2000, Advances in solid-phase extraction disks for environmental chemistry: TrAC - Trends in Analytical Chemistry, v. 19, no. 1, p. 18-26, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-9936(99)00175-2.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"18","endPage":"26","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":230650,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":206731,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0165-9936(99)00175-2"}],"volume":"19","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e705e4b0c8380cd477d5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thurman, E.M.","contributorId":102864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thurman","given":"E.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":393790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Snavely, K.","contributorId":41176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snavely","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":393789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70022081,"text":"70022081 - 2000 - Facies patterns and conodont biogeography in Arctic Alaska and the Canadian Arctic Islands: Evidence against juxtaposition of these areas during early Paleozoic time","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-16T16:52:27.381337","indexId":"70022081","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3097,"text":"Polarforschung","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Facies patterns and conodont biogeography in Arctic Alaska and the Canadian Arctic Islands: Evidence against juxtaposition of these areas during early Paleozoic time","docAbstract":"Differences in lithofacies and biofacies suggest that lower Paleozoic rocks now exposed in Arctic Alaska and the Canadian Arctic Islands did not form as part of a single depositional system. Lithologic contrasts are noted in shallow- and deep-water strata and are especially marked in Ordovician and Silurian rocks. A widespread intraplatform basin of Early and Middle Ordovician age in northern Alaska has no counterpart in the Canadian Arctic, and the regional drowning and backstepping of the Silurian shelf margin in Canada has no known parallel in northern Alaska. Lower Paleozoic basinal facies in northern Alaska are chiefly siliciclastic, whereas resedimented carbonates are volumetrically important in Canada. Micro- and macrofossil assemblages from northern Alaska contain elements typical of both Siberian and Laurentian biotic provinces; coeval Canadian Arctic assemblages contain Laurentian forms but lack Siberian species. Siberian affinities in northern Alaskan biotas persist from at least Middle Cambrian through Mississippian time and appear to decrease in intensity from present-day west to east. Our lithologic and biogeographic data are most compatible with the hypothesis that northern Alaska-Chukotka formed a discrete tectonic block situated between Siberia and Laurentia in early Paleozoic time. If Arctic Alaska was juxtaposed with the Canadian Arctic prior to opening of the Canada basin, biotic constraints suggest that such juxtaposition took place no earlier than late Paleozoic time.","language":"English","publisher":"Copernicus Publishing","doi":"10.2312/polarforschung.68.257","issn":"00322490","usgsCitation":"Dumoulin, J.A., Harris, A., Bradley, D.C., and De Freitas, T.A., 2000, Facies patterns and conodont biogeography in Arctic Alaska and the Canadian Arctic Islands: Evidence against juxtaposition of these areas during early Paleozoic time: Polarforschung, v. 68, no. 1-3, p. 257-266, https://doi.org/10.2312/polarforschung.68.257.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"257","endPage":"266","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":230514,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Arctic","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -164.53125,\n 68.39918004344189\n ],\n [\n -156.796875,\n 69.65708627301174\n ],\n [\n -133.2421875,\n 66.93006025862448\n ],\n [\n -93.8671875,\n 66.37275500247455\n ],\n [\n -78.3984375,\n 59.88893689676585\n ],\n [\n -62.9296875,\n 61.938950426660604\n ],\n [\n -59.4140625,\n 67.06743335108298\n ],\n [\n -75.9375,\n 74.49641311694307\n ],\n [\n -74.1796875,\n 78.63000556774836\n ],\n [\n -60.46875,\n 82.40242347938855\n ],\n [\n -65.0390625,\n 83.27770503961696\n ],\n [\n -77.34374999999999,\n 83.52016238353205\n ],\n [\n -93.515625,\n 82.1183836069127\n ],\n [\n -107.22656249999999,\n 79.74993207509453\n ],\n [\n -114.60937499999999,\n 79.10508621944108\n ],\n [\n -126.21093749999999,\n 76.9999351181161\n ],\n [\n -131.1328125,\n 71.85622888185527\n ],\n [\n -137.109375,\n 70.49557354093136\n ],\n [\n -157.1484375,\n 72.39570570653261\n ],\n [\n -166.640625,\n 70.8446726342528\n ],\n [\n -164.53125,\n 68.39918004344189\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"68","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0e8de4b0c8380cd534ff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dumoulin, Julie A. 0000-0003-1754-1287 dumoulin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1754-1287","contributorId":203209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dumoulin","given":"Julie","email":"dumoulin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":392299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harris, A. G.","contributorId":39791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"A. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":392297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bradley, D. C.","contributorId":17634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":392296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"De Freitas, T. A.","contributorId":40077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"De Freitas","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":392298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70022083,"text":"70022083 - 2000 - Kelp forest fish populations in marine reserves and adjacent exploited areas of central California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-04T21:37:14.503481","indexId":"70022083","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Kelp forest fish populations in marine reserves and adjacent exploited areas of central California","docAbstract":"

Population structure (density and size distribution) of 10 species of epibenthic kelp forest fishes was compared between three marine reserves and adjacent exploited areas in central California. We also contrasted substrate relief, algal turf cover, and kelp population density among these areas. Densities of fishes were 12–35% greater within the reserves, but this difference was not statistically significant. Habitat features explained only 4% of the variation in fish density and did not vary consistently between reserves and nonreserves. The average length of rockfish (genus Sebastes) was significantly greater in two of the three reserve sites, as was the proportion of larger fish. Population density and size differences combined to produce substantially greater biomass and, therefore, greater reproductive potential per unit of area within the reserves. The magnitude of these effects seems to be influenced by the reserve's age. Our findings demonstrate that current levels of fishing pressure influence kelp forest rockfish populations and suggest that this effect is widespread in central California. Existing marine reserves in central California kelp forests may help sustain exploited populations both through adult emigration and larval pool augmentation. The magnitude of these effects remains uncertain, however, because the spatial scale of both larval and adult dispersal relative to the size of existing reserves is unknown.

","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/1051-0761(2000)010[0855:KFFPIM]2.0.CO;2","issn":"10510761","usgsCitation":"Paddack, M., and Estes, J.A., 2000, Kelp forest fish populations in marine reserves and adjacent exploited areas of central California: Ecological Applications, v. 10, no. 3, p. 855-870, https://doi.org/10.1890/1051-0761(2000)010[0855:KFFPIM]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"855","endPage":"870","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":230516,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Big Creek Marine Ecological Reserve, Hopkins Marine Life Refuge, Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary, Point Lobos State and Ecological Reserve","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.398681640625,\n 36.23984280222428\n ],\n [\n -121.497802734375,\n 36.23984280222428\n ],\n [\n -121.497802734375,\n 37.16031654673677\n ],\n [\n -122.398681640625,\n 37.16031654673677\n ],\n [\n -122.398681640625,\n 36.23984280222428\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"10","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a406ee4b0c8380cd64d67","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Paddack, M.J.","contributorId":21894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paddack","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":392301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Estes, J. A.","contributorId":53319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Estes","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":392302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70022086,"text":"70022086 - 2000 - Pesticide transport in the San Joaquin River Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-10T16:16:29.806952","indexId":"70022086","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Pesticide transport in the San Joaquin River Basin","docAbstract":"

Pesticide occurrence and concentrations were evaluated in the San Joaquin River Basin to determine potential sources and mode of transport. Land use in the basin is mainly agricultural. Spatial variations in pesticide occurrence were evaluated in relation to pesticide application and cropping patterns in three contrasting subbasins and at the mouth of the basin. Temporal variability in pesticide occurrence was evaluated by fixed interval sampling and by sampling across the hydrograph during winter storms. Four herbicides (simazine, metolachlor, dacthal, and EPTC) and two insecticides (diazinon and chlorpyrifos) were detected in more than 50 percent of the samples. Temporal, and to a lesser extent spatial, variation in pesticide occurrence is usually consistent with pesticide application and cropping patterns. Diazinon concentrations changed rapidly during winter storms, and both eastern and western tributaries contributed diazinon to the San Joaquin River at concentrations toxic to the water flea Ceriodaphnia dubia at different times during the hydrograph. During these storms, toxic concentrations resulted from the transport of only a very small portion of the applied diazinon.

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