The virile crayfish (Orconectes virilis), an aggressive polytrophic species, has been introduced into many Arizona streams. I investigated competition and predation between this crayfish and several native Arizona fishes. I conducted field experiments to assess competition for food between crayfish and fish, and laboratory experiments to examine competition for shelter and food, and predation. In Sabino Creek, I manipulated crayfish densities in isolated pools to examine effects of crayfish on growth, mortality, and recruitment of Gila chub (Gila intermedia). Regardless of crayfish density, Gila chub declined slightly in weight and condition. Mortality and recruitment did not differ between densities of crayfish. I examined crayfish effects on benthic macroinvertebrates, a submerged aquatic macrophyte and associated invertebrates, and three fish species in a small stream in the White Mountains by fencing eight stream sections to prevent movement. The three fishes were speckled dace (Rhinichthys osculus), Sonora sucker (Catostomus insignis), and desert sucker (C. clarki). Molluscs > 10 mm and macrophytes were less abundant at sites with a high density of crayfish than at sites with low crayfish densities. Insect diversity was lower in high- vs. low-density sites. No treatment effect was observed on growth or condition of individually marked fish. Short-term laboratory experiments demonstrated predatory interactions and competition for shelter between crayfish and Gila chub, desert sucker, and speckled dace. Crayfish used shelter more than fish, displaced fish from shelter, and frequently attacked fish. Fish never attacked crayfish, and only once displaced crayfish from shelter. In predation experiments, crayfish preyed upon all species, but preyed most heavily upon desert suckers. Fish never altered use of the water column in the presence of crayfish. Density manipulation experiments in a laboratory measured food competition between crayfish and two native fishes. Growth of Gila chub was less affected by crayfish than by increased density of Gila chub. Thus crayfish are not strong competitors with Gila chub for food. However, growth of flannelmouth sucker (Catostomus latipinnis) was negatively impacted by presence of crayfish. These laboratory experiments provide evidence that introduced crayfish can reduce fish growth by competition for food, and that native fishes are vulnerable to crayfish predation.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of Arizona","publisherLocation":"Tucson, AZ","usgsCitation":"Carpenter, J., 2000, Effects of introduced crayfish on selected native fishes of Arizona, 170 p.","productDescription":"170 p.","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":127600,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":14707,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10150/284145"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db611de4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carpenter, J.","contributorId":102017,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carpenter","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":299379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":96985,"text":"96985 - 2000 - Development and Implementation of an Alien Plant Control Strategy for Channel Islands National Park. Technical report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:03:51","indexId":"96985","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Development and Implementation of an Alien Plant Control Strategy for Channel Islands National Park. Technical report","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","language":"English","publisher":"Channel Islands National Park; U.S. Geological Survey, Channel Islands Field Station","publisherLocation":"Ventura, CA","usgsCitation":"Chaney, S., and McEachern, K., 2000, Development and Implementation of an Alien Plant Control Strategy for Channel Islands National Park. Technical report.","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":127017,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa7e4b07f02db6672d2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chaney, S.","contributorId":22712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chaney","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":300711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McEachern, K.","contributorId":67438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McEachern","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":300712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1015050,"text":"1015050 - 2000 - Density and foraging habitat selection of waterbirds breeding in the San Luis Valley of Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-17T11:31:25","indexId":"1015050","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Density and foraging habitat selection of waterbirds breeding in the San Luis Valley of Colorado","docAbstract":"We determined density and foraging habitat selection of American avocet (Recurvirostra americana), killdeer (Charadrius vociferus), Wilson's phalarope (Phalaropus tricolor), cinnamon teal (Anas cyanoptera), gadwall (A. strepera), mallard (A. platyrhynchos), redhead (Aythya americana), and white-faced ibis (Plegadis chihi) during prenesting and nesting on a wetland complex in the San Luis Valley, Colorado from 15 April to 4 July 1995 and 1996. Selection patterns differed among species and between the prenesting and nesting periods for cinnamon teal and redheads. Most species preferred seasonally flooded basins with no emergent vegetation and wetlands with short (<40 cm) emergent vegetation compared to other available habitats. The results suggest that, for each of these species, biologically meaningful differences occur among foraging habitats at the spatial resolution we measured. Because we used water depth to control for differences in habitat availability for individual species, we speculate that differences in food abundance, vegetation structure and composition, and behavioral strategies during the breeding season collectively influence selection of foraging habitats.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3802751","usgsCitation":"Laubhan, M., and Gammonley, J., 2000, Density and foraging habitat selection of waterbirds breeding in the San Luis Valley of Colorado: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 64, no. 3, p. 808-819, https://doi.org/10.2307/3802751.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"808","endPage":"819","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131316,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"64","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab2e4b07f02db66eb8a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Laubhan, M.K.","contributorId":40542,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laubhan","given":"M.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gammonley, J.H.","contributorId":86288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gammonley","given":"J.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":97020,"text":"97020 - 2000 - Pilgrim Creek Restoration Project: Bird Community and Vegetation Structure","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:03:52","indexId":"97020","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Pilgrim Creek Restoration Project: Bird Community and Vegetation Structure","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","language":"English","collaboration":"1999 Annual report. Prepared for the California Department of Transportation, District 11","usgsCitation":"Kus, B., Beck, P., and Peterson, B., 2000, Pilgrim Creek Restoration Project: Bird Community and Vegetation Structure.","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":127104,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a93e4b07f02db657db4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kus, B.E.","contributorId":99492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kus","given":"B.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":300808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beck, P.P.","contributorId":8406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beck","given":"P.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":300806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Peterson, B.","contributorId":95412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":300807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":97001,"text":"97001 - 2000 - Distribution, Abundance, and Breeding Activities of the Southwestern Willow Flycatcher at Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton, California in 2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:00","indexId":"97001","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Distribution, Abundance, and Breeding Activities of the Southwestern Willow Flycatcher at Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton, California in 2000","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Kus, B., 2000, Distribution, Abundance, and Breeding Activities of the Southwestern Willow Flycatcher at Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton, California in 2000.","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":127988,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6be4b07f02db63d99b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kus, B.E.","contributorId":99492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kus","given":"B.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":300750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":96670,"text":"96670 - 2000 - Preliminary Report on the Spring Survey of Desert Tortoises at the Goffs Permanent Study Plot and Special Project on Effects of Roads","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:03:56","indexId":"96670","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Preliminary Report on the Spring Survey of Desert Tortoises at the Goffs Permanent Study Plot and Special Project on Effects of Roads","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","language":"English","collaboration":"Technical Report to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the National Park Service (Mojave National Preserve)","usgsCitation":"Berry, K., 2000, Preliminary Report on the Spring Survey of Desert Tortoises at the Goffs Permanent Study Plot and Special Project on Effects of Roads, 11 p.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"11","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":128129,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e455","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berry, K.H.","contributorId":17934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berry","given":"K.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":300041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1003596,"text":"1003596 - 2000 - Pathogenicity of avian malaria in experimentally-infected Hawaii Amakihi","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-03T13:34:50","indexId":"1003596","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pathogenicity of avian malaria in experimentally-infected Hawaii Amakihi","docAbstract":"The introduction of avian malaria (Plasmodium relictum) and mosquitoes (Culex quinquefasciatus) to the Hawaiian Islands (USA) is believed to have played a major role in the decline and extinction of native Hawaiian honeycreepers (Drepanidinae). This introduced disease is thought to be one of the primary factors limiting recovery of honeycreepers at elevations below 1,200 m where native forest habitats are still relatively intact. One of the few remaining species of honeycreepers with a wide elevational distribution is the Hawaii Amakihi (Hernignathus virens). We measured morbidity and mortality in experimentally-infected Hawaii Amakihi that were captured in a high elevation, xeric habitat that is above the current range of the mosquito vector. Mortality among amakihi exposed to a single infective mosquito bite was 65% (13/20). All infected birds had significant declines in food consumption and a corresponding loss in body weight over the 60 day course of the experiment. Gross and microscopic lesions in birds that succumbed to malaria included enlargement and discoloration of the spleen and liver and parasitemias as high as 50% of circulating erythrocytes. Mortality in experimentally-infected amakihi was similar to that observed in Apapane (Himnatione sanguinea) and lower than that observed in Iiwi (Vestiaria coccinea) infected under similar conditions with the same parasite isolate. We conclude that the current elevational and geographic distribution of Hawaiian honeycreepers is determined by relative susceptibility to avian malaria.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/0090-3558-36.2.197","usgsCitation":"Atkinson, C.T., Dusek, R., Woods, K., and Iko, W., 2000, Pathogenicity of avian malaria in experimentally-infected Hawaii Amakihi: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 36, no. 2, p. 197-204, https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-36.2.197.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"197","endPage":"204","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479375,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.7589/0090-3558-36.2.197","text":"External Repository"},{"id":134091,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -178.8134765625,\n 28.14950321154457\n ],\n [\n -177.275390625,\n 27.60567082646547\n ],\n [\n -175.693359375,\n 27.21555620902969\n ],\n [\n -174.0673828125,\n 25.522614647623293\n ],\n [\n -171.4306640625,\n 25.284437746983055\n ],\n [\n -167.958984375,\n 24.32707654001865\n ],\n [\n -165.76171875,\n 22.836945920943855\n ],\n [\n -164.3994140625,\n 23.1201536216956\n ],\n [\n -161.8505859375,\n 22.553147478403194\n ],\n [\n -160.5322265625,\n 21.002471054356725\n ],\n [\n -159.1259765625,\n 21.330315073431787\n ],\n [\n -156.796875,\n 20.097206227083888\n ],\n [\n -156.4453125,\n 18.729501999072138\n ],\n [\n -155.0390625,\n 18.020527657852337\n ],\n [\n -153.8525390625,\n 19.84939395842279\n ],\n [\n -157.412109375,\n 22.51255695405145\n ],\n [\n -161.279296875,\n 23.36242859340884\n ],\n [\n -164.9267578125,\n 24.086589258228027\n ],\n [\n -167.1240234375,\n 24.966140159912975\n ],\n [\n -167.87109375,\n 25.760319754713887\n ],\n [\n -171.03515625,\n 26.194876675795218\n ],\n [\n -173.80371093749997,\n 26.58852714730864\n ],\n [\n -175.0341796875,\n 28.188243641850313\n ],\n [\n -177.978515625,\n 29.075375179558346\n ],\n [\n -179.12109374999997,\n 29.113775395114416\n ],\n [\n -178.8134765625,\n 28.14950321154457\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"36","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae2e4b07f02db688cdd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Atkinson, Carter T. 0000-0002-4232-5335 catkinson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4232-5335","contributorId":1124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atkinson","given":"Carter","email":"catkinson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":313616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dusek, Robert J. 0000-0001-6177-7479 rdusek@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6177-7479","contributorId":2397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dusek","given":"Robert J.","email":"rdusek@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":313617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Woods, K.L.","contributorId":62977,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woods","given":"K.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Iko, W.M.","contributorId":99933,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iko","given":"W.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":1016154,"text":"1016154 - 2000 - Seasonal variation in concentrations of fiber, crude protein, and phenolic compounds in leaves of red alder (Alnus rubra): Nutritional implications for cervids","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-21T13:36:00","indexId":"1016154","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2205,"text":"Journal of Chemical Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Seasonal variation in concentrations of fiber, crude protein, and phenolic compounds in leaves of red alder (Alnus rubra): Nutritional implications for cervids","title":"Seasonal variation in concentrations of fiber, crude protein, and phenolic compounds in leaves of red alder (Alnus rubra): Nutritional implications for cervids","docAbstract":"We sought to determine whether changes in chemical composition could be a factor in increased utilization of red alder (Alnus rubra) by the two cervids, the Columbian black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus columbianus) and Roosevelt elk (Cervus elaphus roosevelti), during the fall in parts of the Douglas fir region of the Pacific Northwest. We found that concentrations and astringency of phenolic compounds decreased from spring through fall, while crude protein content remained high. We conclude that red alder leaves provide a significant source of digestible protein for cervids during fall, when availability of nutrients in most forage species is generally declining.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1023/A:1005462100010","usgsCitation":"Gonzalez-Hernandez, M.P., Starkey, E.E., and Karchesy, J., 2000, Seasonal variation in concentrations of fiber, crude protein, and phenolic compounds in leaves of red alder (Alnus rubra): Nutritional implications for cervids: Journal of Chemical Ecology, v. 26, no. 1, p. 293-301, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005462100010.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"293","endPage":"301","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133390,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fc2f9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gonzalez-Hernandez, M. P.","contributorId":42566,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gonzalez-Hernandez","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Starkey, Edward E.","contributorId":29778,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Starkey","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Karchesy, J.","contributorId":52541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karchesy","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1016563,"text":"1016563 - 2000 - Lack of reproduction in muskoxen and arctic hares caused by early winter?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-06T15:57:27.779573","indexId":"1016563","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":894,"text":"Arctic","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lack of reproduction in muskoxen and arctic hares caused by early winter?","docAbstract":"A lack of young muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus) and arctic hares (Lepus arcticus) in the Eureka area of Ellesmere Island, Northwest Territories (now Nunavut), Canada, was observed during summer 1998, in contrast to most other years since 1986. Evidence of malnourished muskoxen was also found. Early winter weather and a consequent 50% reduction of the 1997 summer replenishment period appeared to be the most likely cause, giving rise to a new hypothesis about conditions that might cause adverse demographic effects in arctic herbivores.
","language":"English","publisher":"Arctic Institute of North America","doi":"10.14430/arctic836","usgsCitation":"Mech, L.D., 2000, Lack of reproduction in muskoxen and arctic hares caused by early winter?: Arctic, v. 53, no. 1, p. 69-71, https://doi.org/10.14430/arctic836.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"69","endPage":"71","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479290,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.14430/arctic836","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":132662,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"53","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b43a8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mech, L. David 0000-0003-3944-7769 david_mech@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":2518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mech","given":"L.","email":"david_mech@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":324384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1016161,"text":"1016161 - 2000 - Fire frequency in the Interior Columbia River Basin: Building regional models from fire history data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-04T21:47:56.075511","indexId":"1016161","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fire frequency in the Interior Columbia River Basin: Building regional models from fire history data","docAbstract":"Fire frequency affects vegetation composition and successional pathways; thus it is essential to understand fire regimes in order to manage natural resources at broad spatial scales. Fire history data are lacking for many regions for which fire management decisions are being made, so models are needed to estimate past fire frequency where local data are not yet available. We developed multiple regression models and tree-based (classification and regression tree, or CART) models to predict fire return intervals across the interior Columbia River basin at 1-km resolution, using georeferenced fire history, potential vegetation, cover type, and precipitation databases. The models combined semiqualitative methods and rigorous statistics. The fire history data are of uneven quality; some estimates are based on only one tree, and many are not cross-dated. Therefore, we weighted the models based on data quality and performed a sensitivity analysis of the effects on the models of estimation errors that are due to lack of cross-dating. The regression models predict fire return intervals from 1 to 375 yr for forested areas, whereas the tree-based models predict a range of 8 to 150 yr. Both types of models predict latitudinal and elevational gradients of increasing fire return intervals. Examination of regional-scale output suggests that, although the tree-based models explain more of the variation in the original data, the regression models are less likely to produce extrapolation errors. Thus, the models serve complementary purposes in elucidating the relationships among fire frequency, the predictor variables, and spatial scale. The models can provide local managers with quantitative information and provide data to initialize coarse-scale fire-effects models, although predictions for individual sites should be treated with caution because of the varying quality and uneven spatial coverage of the fire history database. The models also demonstrate the integration of qualitative and quantitative methods when requisite data for fully quantitative models are unavailable. They can be tested by comparing new, independent fire history reconstructions against their predictions and can be continually updated, as better fire history data become available.","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/1051-0761(2000)010[1497:FFITIC]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"McKenzie, D., Peterson, D.L., and Agee, J.K., 2000, Fire frequency in the Interior Columbia River Basin: Building regional models from fire history data: Ecological Applications, v. 10, no. 5, p. 1497-1516, https://doi.org/10.1890/1051-0761(2000)010[1497:FFITIC]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"1497","endPage":"1516","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":135954,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Columbia River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.05859375,\n 46.89023157359399\n ],\n [\n -120.9375,\n 46.76996843356982\n ],\n [\n -121.640625,\n 45.5679096098613\n ],\n [\n -122.23388671874999,\n 42.35854391749705\n ],\n [\n -122.6953125,\n 41.902277040963696\n ],\n [\n -122.34374999999999,\n 40.91351257612758\n ],\n [\n -120.73974609374999,\n 40.56389453066509\n ],\n [\n -120.10253906249999,\n 39.67337039176558\n ],\n [\n -119.92675781249999,\n 38.53097889440024\n ],\n [\n -119.17968749999999,\n 37.82280243352756\n ],\n [\n -118.564453125,\n 37.82280243352756\n ],\n [\n -115.79589843749999,\n 39.8928799002948\n ],\n [\n -115.1806640625,\n 40.16208338164617\n ],\n [\n -114.0380859375,\n 40.12849105685408\n ],\n [\n -113.37890625,\n 39.9434364619742\n ],\n [\n -112.2802734375,\n 40.613952441166596\n ],\n [\n -107.841796875,\n 42.35854391749705\n ],\n [\n -106.4794921875,\n 42.85985981506279\n ],\n [\n -107.11669921875,\n 43.866218006556394\n ],\n [\n -107.38037109375,\n 44.49650533109348\n ],\n [\n -108.45703125,\n 45.36758436884978\n ],\n [\n -108.08349609375,\n 47.07012182383309\n ],\n [\n -106.083984375,\n 47.44294999517949\n ],\n [\n -105.908203125,\n 48.151428143221224\n ],\n [\n -108.8525390625,\n 48.1367666796927\n ],\n [\n -110.0830078125,\n 49.023461463214126\n ],\n [\n -121.11328124999999,\n 49.009050809382046\n ],\n [\n -120.498046875,\n 47.45780853075031\n ],\n [\n -120.05859375,\n 46.89023157359399\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"10","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fbe4b07f02db5f446f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McKenzie, D.","contributorId":34093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKenzie","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peterson, D. L.","contributorId":36484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Agee, James K.","contributorId":12446,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Agee","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1016162,"text":"1016162 - 2000 - Carbon distribution in subalpine forests and meadows of the Olympic Mountains, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-21T12:21:09","indexId":"1016162","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3420,"text":"Soil Science Society of America Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Carbon distribution in subalpine forests and meadows of the Olympic Mountains, Washington","docAbstract":"stimates of C storage in mountainous regions are rare. Forest–meadow ecotones in subalpine ecosystems, which contain a mosaic of forests and meadows, may be particularly sensitive to future changes in climate and are therefore important to include in estimates of terrestrial C storage. In this study, we quantified soil C and ecosystem C pools in subalpine forest and meadow soils of the northeastern (NE, dry climate) and southwestern (SW, wet climate) Olympic Mountains. Carbon concentrations of mineral soil are relatively high in upper horizons, ranging from 43 to 142 g kg−1 in NE soils and 27 to 162 g kg−1 in SW soils. Northeastern meadow soils store more C than NE forests ( P = 0.009), while SW forest soils store more C than SW meadows ( P = 0.038) Ecosystem C storage is greater in forests than in meadows. Under a warmer climatic scenario with drier summers and wetter winters, subalpine C storage may decrease in the NE and increase in the SW, and changes in C storage will be closely related to vegetation distribution, ecosystem productivity, decomposition rates, and local disturbance regimes. Because ecosystem processes and associated C storage differ between high- and low-elevation ecosystems, it is important that data from both high- and low-elevation sites are included in estimates of C storage in terrestrial ecosystems.
","language":"English","publisher":"Acsess","doi":"10.2136/sssaj2000.6451834x","usgsCitation":"Prichard, S., Peterson, D.L., and Hammer, R., 2000, Carbon distribution in subalpine forests and meadows of the Olympic Mountains, Washington: Soil Science Society of America Journal, v. 64, no. 5, p. 1834-1845, https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2000.6451834x.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1834","endPage":"1845","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":135691,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"64","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e6cc6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Prichard, S.J.","contributorId":86310,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prichard","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peterson, D. L.","contributorId":36484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hammer, R.D.","contributorId":23907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hammer","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1017032,"text":"1017032 - 2000 - Cryptic genetic variation and paraphyly in ravens","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-16T16:12:27.449209","indexId":"1017032","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3174,"text":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cryptic genetic variation and paraphyly in ravens","docAbstract":"Widespread species that are morphologically uniform may be likely to harbour cryptic genetic variation. Common ravens (Corvus corax) have an extensive range covering nearly the entire Northern Hemisphere, but show little discrete phenotypic variation. We obtained tissue samples from throughout much of this range and collected mitochondrial sequence and nuclear microsatellite data. Our study revealed a deep genetic break between ravens from the western United States and ravens from throughout the rest of the world. These two groups, the ‘California clade’ and the ‘Holarctic clade’ are well supported and over 4% divergent in mitochondrial coding sequence. Microsatellites also reveal significant differentiation between these two groups. Ravens from Minnesota, Maine and Alaska are more similar to ravens from Asia and Europe than they are to ravens from California. The two clades come in contact over a huge area of the western United States, with mixtures of the two mitochondrial groups present in Washington, Idaho and California. In addition, the restricted range Chihuahuan raven (Corvus cryptoleucus) of the south–west United States and Mexico is genetically nested within the paraphyletic common raven. Our findings suggest that the common raven may have formerly consisted of two allopatric groups that may be in the process of remerging.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Royal Society Publishing","doi":"10.1098/rspb.2000.1308","usgsCitation":"Omland, K., Tarr, C., Boarman, W., Marzluff, J., and Fleischer, R., 2000, Cryptic genetic variation and paraphyly in ravens: Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, v. 267, p. 2475-2482, https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2000.1308.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"2475","endPage":"2482","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479161,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1690844","text":"External Repository"},{"id":133172,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Northern Hemisphere","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -175.078125,\n -4.915832801313164\n ],\n [\n 181.40625,\n -4.915832801313164\n ],\n [\n 181.40625,\n 84.92832092949963\n ],\n [\n -175.078125,\n 84.92832092949963\n ],\n [\n -175.078125,\n -4.915832801313164\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"267","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2000-12-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acfe4b07f02db680083","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Omland, K.E.","contributorId":48924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Omland","given":"K.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tarr, C.L.","contributorId":25116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tarr","given":"C.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boarman, W.I.","contributorId":73523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boarman","given":"W.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Marzluff, J.M.","contributorId":15152,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marzluff","given":"J.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fleischer, R.C.","contributorId":82259,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleischer","given":"R.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":1017425,"text":"1017425 - 2000 - Scientific meeting raises awareness of amphibian decline in Asia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-07-06T01:01:41","indexId":"1017425","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2873,"text":"Newsletter of the Declining Amphibian Populations Task Force of the World","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Scientific meeting raises awareness of amphibian decline in Asia","docAbstract":"Blood samples from 433 Peregrine Falcons (Falco peregrinus) during fall and spring migrations, 1976-80, indicated that most of their pesticide burden, primarily DDE, was accumulated on wintering grounds in Latin America. DDE in spring migrants returning from Latin America for the first time declined significantly from 1979 to 1980. Only about 10% of breeding-age females contained organochlorine residues likely to adversely affect reproduction. The organochlorine pesticide threat in Latin America may be diminishing.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Newsletter of the Declining Amphibian Populations Task Force of the World","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Vredenburg, V., Wang, Y., and Fellers, G.M., 2000, Scientific meeting raises awareness of amphibian decline in Asia: Newsletter of the Declining Amphibian Populations Task Force of the World, v. 42.","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131814,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"42","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0de4b07f02db5fd26c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vredenburg, Vance","contributorId":13569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vredenburg","given":"Vance","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wang, Yuezhao","contributorId":11164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Yuezhao","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fellers, Gary M. 0000-0003-4092-0285 gary_fellers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4092-0285","contributorId":3150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fellers","given":"Gary","email":"gary_fellers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":324877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1016556,"text":"1016556 - 2000 - A fascination with birds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-17T11:17:39.509876","indexId":"1016556","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3111,"text":"Prairie Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A fascination with birds","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"South Dakota State University","usgsCitation":"Dechant, J., 2000, A fascination with birds: Prairie Naturalist, v. 31, no. 3, p. 189-190.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"189","endPage":"190","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132635,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6aecbf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dechant, Jill A. 0000-0003-3172-0708","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3172-0708","contributorId":103984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dechant","given":"Jill A.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":324373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1016032,"text":"1016032 - 2000 - Monitoring air quality in mountains: Designing an effective network","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-05T17:21:56.131843","indexId":"1016032","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1552,"text":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","onlineIssn":"1573-2959","printIssn":"0167-6369","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Monitoring air quality in mountains: Designing an effective network","docAbstract":"A quantitatively robust yet parsimonious air-quality monitoring network in mountainous regions requires special attention to relevant spatial and temporal scales of measurement and inference. The design of monitoring networks should focus on the objectives required by public agencies, namely: 1) determine if some threshold has been exceeded (e.g., for regulatory purposes), and 2) identify spatial patterns and temporal trends (e.g., to protect natural resources). A short-term, multi-scale assessment to quantify spatial variability in air quality is a valuable asset in designing a network, in conjunction with an evaluation of existing data and simulation-model output. A recent assessment in Washington state (USA) quantified spatial variability in tropospheric ozone distribution ranging from a single watershed to the western third of the state. Spatial and temporal coherence in ozone exposure modified by predictable elevational relationships (∼ 1.3 ppbv ozone per 100 m elevation gain) extends from urban areas to the crest of the Cascade Range. This suggests that a sparse network of permanent analyzers is sufficient at all spatial scales, with the option of periodic intensive measurements to validate network design. It is imperative that agencies cooperate in the design of monitoring networks in mountainous regions to optimize data collection and financial efficiencies.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1023/A:1006498704222","usgsCitation":"Peterson, D.L., 2000, Monitoring air quality in mountains: Designing an effective network: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 64, no. 1, p. 81-91, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006498704222.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"81","endPage":"91","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134148,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","volume":"64","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4de4b07f02db6275a5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peterson, D. L.","contributorId":36484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1003608,"text":"1003608 - 2000 - Septicemic pasteurellosis in free-ranging neonatal pronghorn in Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-19T13:49:13","indexId":"1003608","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Septicemic pasteurellosis in free-ranging neonatal pronghorn in Oregon","docAbstract":"As part of a study to determine the cause(s) of population decline and low survival of pronghorn (Antilocapra americana) neonates on Hart Mountain National Antelope Refuge (HMNAR), Oregon (USA), 55 of 104 neonates captured during May 1996 and 1997 were necropsied (n = 28, 1996; n = 27, 1997) to determine cause of death. Necropsies were conducted on fawns that died during May, June, or July of each year. The objectives of this study were to report the occurrence and pathology of pasteurellosis in neonates and determine if the isolated strain of Pasteurella multocida was unique. Septicemic pasteurellosis, caused by P. multocida, was diagnosed as the cause of death for two neonates in May and June 1997. Necropsy findings included widely scattered petechial and ecchymotic hemorrhages found over a large portion of the subcutaneous tissue, meninges of the brain, epicardium, skeletal muscle, and serosal surface of the thorasic and abdominal cavities. Histological examination of lung tissues revealed diffuse congestion and edema and moderate to marked multifocal infiltrate of macrophages, neutrophils, and numerous bacteria within many terminal bronchioles and alveoli. Pasteurella multocida serotypes A:3,4, and B:1 were isolated from several tissues including lung, intestinal, thorasic fluid, and heart blood. Each B:1 isolate had DNA restriction endonuclease fingerprint profiles distinct from isolates previously characterized from domestic cattle, swan (Olor spp.), moose (Alces alces), and pronghorn from Montana (USA). This is the first report of pasteurellosis in pronghorn from Oregon and the B:1 isolates appear to be unique in comparison to DNA fingerprint profiles from selected domestic and wild species.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/0090-3558-36.2.383","usgsCitation":"Dunbar, M.R., Wolcott, M.J., Rimler, R., and Berlowski, B.M., 2000, Septicemic pasteurellosis in free-ranging neonatal pronghorn in Oregon: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 36, no. 2, p. 383-388, https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-36.2.383.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"383","endPage":"388","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479274,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-36.2.383","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":134161,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Hart Mountain National Antelope Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.1849365234375,\n 41.98807738309159\n ],\n [\n -119.27307128906249,\n 41.98807738309159\n ],\n [\n -119.27307128906249,\n 42.96446257387128\n ],\n [\n -120.1849365234375,\n 42.96446257387128\n ],\n [\n -120.1849365234375,\n 41.98807738309159\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"36","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fde4b07f02db5f5f10","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dunbar, Michael R.","contributorId":42935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunbar","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wolcott, Mark J.","contributorId":60176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolcott","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rimler, R.B.","contributorId":68274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rimler","given":"R.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Berlowski, Brenda M.","contributorId":12011,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berlowski","given":"Brenda","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":1015956,"text":"1015956 - 2000 - Response of hatchling and yearling turtles to thermal gradients: Comparison of Chelydra serpentina and Trachemys scripta","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-21T13:00:16","indexId":"1015956","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2476,"text":"Journal of Thermal Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Response of hatchling and yearling turtles to thermal gradients: Comparison of Chelydra serpentina and Trachemys scripta","title":"Response of hatchling and yearling turtles to thermal gradients: Comparison of Chelydra serpentina and Trachemys scripta","docAbstract":"In laboratory tests, young Chelydra serpentina and Trachemys scripta altered their distribution in the presence of a temperature gradient. Selection of temperatures in the gradient for hatchlings and yearlings showed that body temperatures (Tbs) of C. serpentina were lower than T. scripta, but the difference was insignificant. Relatively low Tbs could allow greater activity range and reduced metabolic maintenance cost for C. serpentina, which seldom leaves water.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0306-4565(99)00027-3","usgsCitation":"Bury, R.B., Nebeker, A., and Adams, M.J., 2000, Response of hatchling and yearling turtles to thermal gradients: Comparison of Chelydra serpentina and Trachemys scripta: Journal of Thermal Biology, v. 25, no. 3, p. 221-225, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0306-4565(99)00027-3.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"221","endPage":"225","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133173,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ee4b07f02db6283b2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bury, R. Bruce buryb@usgs.gov","contributorId":3660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bury","given":"R.","email":"buryb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Bruce","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":323364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nebeker, A.B.","contributorId":10390,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nebeker","given":"A.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Adams, M. J. 0000-0001-8844-042X mjadams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8844-042X","contributorId":3133,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Adams","given":"M.","email":"mjadams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":323362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70023201,"text":"70023201 - 2000 - Stress history and geotechnical properties of sediment from the Cape Fear Diapir, Blake Ridge Diapir, and Blake Ridge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-29T10:35:54","indexId":"70023201","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Stress history and geotechnical properties of sediment from the Cape Fear Diapir, Blake Ridge Diapir, and Blake Ridge","docAbstract":"Geotechnical properties of sediment from Ocean Drilling Program Leg 164 are presented as: (1) normalized shipboard strength ratios from the Cape Fear Diapir, the Blake Ridge Diapir, and the Blake Ridge; and (2) Atterberg limit, vane shear strength, pocket-penetrometer strength, and constant-rate-of-strain consolidation results from Hole 995A, located on the Blake Ridge. This study was conducted to understand the stress history in a region characterized by high sedimentation rates and the presence of gas hydrates. Collectively, the results indicate that sediment from the Blake Ridge exhibits significant underconsolidated behavior, except near the seafloor. At least 10 m of additional overburden was removed by erosion or mass wasting at Hole 993A on the Cape Fear Diapir, compared to nearby sites.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program: Scientific Results","language":"English","issn":"08845891","usgsCitation":"Winters, W., 2000, Stress history and geotechnical properties of sediment from the Cape Fear Diapir, Blake Ridge Diapir, and Blake Ridge, in Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program: Scientific Results, v. 164, p. 421-429.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"421","endPage":"429","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":233447,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"164","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9b59e4b08c986b31ce07","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Winters, W.J.","contributorId":49796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winters","given":"W.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}