{"pageNumber":"326","pageRowStart":"8125","pageSize":"25","recordCount":11004,"records":[{"id":44832,"text":"wri884195 - 1989 - Hydrogeology of the stratified-drift aquifers in the Utica area, Oneida and Herkimer Counties, New York — Part 2 (east)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-06T19:46:39.381005","indexId":"wri884195","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-4195","title":"Hydrogeology of the stratified-drift aquifers in the Utica area, Oneida and Herkimer Counties, New York — Part 2 (east)","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri884195","usgsCitation":"Casey, G.D., and Reynolds, R.J., 1989, Hydrogeology of the stratified-drift aquifers in the Utica area, Oneida and Herkimer Counties, New York — Part 2 (east): U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 88-4195, Report: 8 p.; 1 Plate: 22.85 × 17.25 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri884195.","productDescription":"Report: 8 p.; 1 Plate: 22.85 × 17.25 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":393969,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_47096.htm"},{"id":82190,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4195/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":82189,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4195/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":171261,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4195/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","county":"Herkimer County, Oneida County","city":"Utica","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -75.25,\n              43\n            ],\n            [\n              -75,\n              43\n            ],\n            [\n              -75,\n              43.15\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.25,\n              43.15\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.25,\n              43\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad7e4b07f02db68440c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Casey, George D.","contributorId":105689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casey","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reynolds, Richard J. 0000-0001-5032-6613 rjreynol@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5032-6613","contributorId":1082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"Richard","email":"rjreynol@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":230514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":44833,"text":"wri884202 - 1989 - Hydrogeology of the western part of the Salt River Valley area, Maricopa County, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-12-13T14:03:39","indexId":"wri884202","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-4202","title":"Hydrogeology of the western part of the Salt River Valley area, Maricopa County, Arizona","docAbstract":"The Salt River Valley is a major population and agricultural center of more than 3,000 mi<sup>2</sup> in central Arizona (fig. 1). The western part of the Salt River Valley area (area of this report) covers about 1,500 mi<sup>2</sup>. The Phoenix metropolitan area with a population of more than 1.6 million in 1985 (Valley National Bank, 1987) is located within the valley. The watersheds of the Salt, Verde, and Agua Fria Rivers provide the valley with a reliable but limited surface-water supply that must be augmented with ground water even in years of plentiful rainfall. Large-scale ground-water withdrawals began in the Salt River Valley in the early part of the 20th century; between 1915 and 1983, the total estimated ground-water pumpage was 81 million acre-ft (U.S. Geological Survey, 1984). Because of the low average annual rainfall and high potential evapotranspiration, the principal sources of ground-water recharge are urban runoff, excess irrigation, canal seepage and surface-water flows during years of higher-than-normal rainfall. Withdrawals greatly exceed recharge and, in some area, ground-water levels have declines as much as 350 ft (Laney and other, 1978; Ross, 1978). In the study area, ground-water declines of more than 300 ft have occurred in Deer Valley and from Luke Air Force Base north to Beardsley. As a result, a large depression of the water table has developed west of Luke Air Force Base (fig. 2). Ground-water use has decreased in recent years because precipitation and surface-water supplies have been greater than normal. Increased precipitation also caused large quantities of runoff to be released into the normally dry Salt and Gila River channels. From February 1978 to June 1980, streamflow losses of at least 90,000 acre-ft occurred between Jointhead Dam near the east boundary of the study area and  Gillespie Dam several miles southwest of the west edge of the study area (Mann and Rhone, 1983). Consequently, ground-water declines in a large part of the basin have slowed, and ground-water levels in some sarea have risen significantly. In many areas along the Salt River and northeast of the confluence of the Salt and Agua Fria River, ground-water levels rose more than 25 ft between 1978 and 1984 (Reeter and Remick, 1986).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri884202","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Arizona Department of Water Resources, Salt River Project, and Arizona Municipal Water Users' Association","usgsCitation":"Brown, J.G., and Pool, D.R., 1989, Hydrogeology of the western part of the Salt River Valley area, Maricopa County, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 88-4202, 4 Plates: 45.81 x 39.54 inches and smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri884202.","productDescription":"4 Plates: 45.81 x 39.54 inches and smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":171262,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri884202.PNG"},{"id":279489,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4202/plate-3.pdf"},{"id":279490,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4202/plate-4.pdf"},{"id":279487,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4202/plate-1.pdf"},{"id":279488,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4202/plate-2.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","county":"Maricopa County","otherGeospatial":"Salt River Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -113.0,33.25 ], [ -113.0,34.0 ], [ -112.0,34.0 ], [ -112.0,33.25 ], [ -113.0,33.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2de4b07f02db614b2d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, James G.","contributorId":81094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pool, D. R.","contributorId":75581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pool","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":28207,"text":"wri884157 - 1989 - Continuous seismic-reflection survey of the Great Salt Lake, Utah– East of Antelope and Fremont Islands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-14T21:51:43.898039","indexId":"wri884157","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-4157","title":"Continuous seismic-reflection survey of the Great Salt Lake, Utah– East of Antelope and Fremont Islands","docAbstract":"<p>A continuous seismic-reflection survey of the Great Salt Lake, Utah, was conducted east of Fremont and Antelope Islands in 1984 by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Utah Department of Natural Resources and produced data along approximately 80 miles of seismic lines. The survey was conducted to determine depth to consolidated rock, and definition and continuity of overlying basin fill under the lake. Interpretation of the data indicates the presence of faulted rock dipping away from Fremont and Antelope Islands. A north-south-trending consolidated-rock ridge is identified 200 ft below lake bottom, 275 miles east of Fremont Island. Shallow rock is also inferred 380 ft below lake bottom, near Hooper Hot Springs, and 520 ft below lake bottom approximately 4 miles east of the south end of Antelope Island. Interpretation of reflections from overlying basin fill indicates fine-grained, thinly-bedded deposits that become coarser with depth. Strong reflectors in the basin fill can be correlated with water-bearing strata penetrated by wells near the north end of Antelope Island and along the east shore of the lake. Many continuous, high-amplitude reflections can be identified in data from basin fill and may represent sedimentary sections or aquifer boundaries but cannot be defined because of a lack of subsurface control in the area.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri884157","usgsCitation":"Lambert, P., and West, J.C., 1989, Continuous seismic-reflection survey of the Great Salt Lake, Utah– East of Antelope and Fremont Islands: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 88-4157, Report: iv, 17 p.; 1 Plate: 36.74 × 25.62 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri884157.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 17 p.; 1 Plate: 36.74 × 25.62 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":395949,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_47065.htm"},{"id":57044,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4157/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":57043,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4157/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":122935,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4157/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Great Salt Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -112.35992431640625,\n              40.83043687764923\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.9012451171875,\n              40.83043687764923\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.9012451171875,\n              41.20758898181025\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.35992431640625,\n              41.20758898181025\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.35992431640625,\n              40.83043687764923\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae4e4b07f02db689c9d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lambert, P. M.","contributorId":74380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lambert","given":"P. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"West, J. C.","contributorId":63017,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"West","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":27194,"text":"wri894018 - 1989 - Water resources of the upper Big Wood River basin, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-21T14:43:14","indexId":"wri894018","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-4018","title":"Water resources of the upper Big Wood River basin, Idaho","docAbstract":"Mean annual water yields, estimated using a water-budget method, for the upper Big Wood River basin above Glendale Road and for Trail Creek, Warm Springs Creek, and East Fork Big Wood River, Idaho were 410,000, 50,000, 60,000 and 50,000 acre-ft, respectively. Yields also were estimated for 1986 and 1987 water years when data were collected for comparison with long-term average values. During 1986, yields estimated for upper Big Wood River basin, Trail Creek, Warm Springs Creek, and East Fork Big Wood were 580,000, 61,000, 83,000 and 60,000 acre-ft, respectively. During 1987, yields estimated for the respective basins were 230,000, 26,000, 32,000 and 28,000 acre-ft. Availability of surface and groundwater varies seasonally; the greatest quantity is available during spring snowmelt, and the least is available during mid-winter to late winter. Nutrient concentrations in sampled ground and surface water were near or below detection levels throughout the basin, which indicates that water quality has not been impaired by increased development. Fluoride concentrations were elevated in Warm Springs Creek, probably due to inflow of thermal water.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri894018","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Sun Valley Water and Sewer District","usgsCitation":"Frenzel, S., 1989, Water resources of the upper Big Wood River basin, Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 89-4018, iii, 47 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri894018.","productDescription":"iii, 47 p.","numberOfPages":"52","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":124028,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4018/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56068,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4018/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Big Wood River Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.5,43.391667 ], [ -114.5,43.85 ], [ -114.116667,43.85 ], [ -114.116667,43.391667 ], [ -114.5,43.391667 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f4e4b07f02db5f0212","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frenzel, S.A.","contributorId":9246,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frenzel","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":59328,"text":"mf1996B - 1989 - Summary and interpretation of geochemical maps for stream sediment and heavy mineral concentrate samples, Mount Hayes Quadrangle, eastern Alaska Range, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-24T11:40:05","indexId":"mf1996B","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1996","chapter":"B","title":"Summary and interpretation of geochemical maps for stream sediment and heavy mineral concentrate samples, Mount Hayes Quadrangle, eastern Alaska Range, Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>This report and accompanying maps summarize the results of geochemical exploration studies in the Mount Hayes quadrangle, Alaska. This is one of a series of maps and reports on the geological, geochemical, and geophysical studies of the quadrangle prepared as part of the Alaskan Mineral Resource Assessment Program (AMRAP) of the U.S. Geological Survey. These maps are part of the Mount Hayes l:250,000-scale folio.</p><p>The geochemical studies were made in order to identify and define mineralized areas in the quadrangle and to aid in characterizing the nature of the mineral occurrences within these areas. The studies included the collection of composite samples of stream sediment or glacial debris and preparation of these samples, as described by O'Leary and others (1982), to yield a minus-80-mesh (0.2-mm) fraction and nonmagnetic heavy-mineral-concentrate fraction consisting of mineral grains having a specific gravity greater than 2.85. Samples were collected at 911 sites either from tributary streams or tributary glaciers with drainage basins ranging from 1 to 5 sq mi in area. The samples were analyzed for 30 elements by semiquantitative emission spectrography (O'Leary and others, 1982). The stream-sediment and glacial-debris samples also were analyzed for zinc by an atomic absorption method (Ward and others, 1969), and those results were used in preparing map A.</p><p>The maps in this report show drainage basins in which the stream sediment or glacial debris contained anomalously high amounts of selected metals. The geologic base map aids in showing the geologic terranes of the quadrangle. The accompanying tables give frequencies and cumulative percents of the selected metals for all major geologic terranes within the quadrangle.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/mf1996B","usgsCitation":"Curtin, G.C., Tripp, R.B., and Nokleberg, W.J., 1989, Summary and interpretation of geochemical maps for stream sediment and heavy mineral concentrate samples, Mount Hayes Quadrangle, eastern Alaska Range, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 1996, Pamphlet: 11 p.; 3 Plates: 57.66 x 42.29 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf1996B.","productDescription":"Pamphlet: 11 p.; 3 Plates: 57.66 x 42.29 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":88622,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1989/1996b/report.pdf","text":"Pamphlet","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":358742,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1996-B/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":184885,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1996-B/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":358743,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1996-B/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":358744,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1996-B/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"0","country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Mount Hayes Quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -147,63 ], [ -147,64 ], [ -144,64 ], [ -144,63 ], [ -147,63 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db6996d1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Curtin, Gary C.","contributorId":89109,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Curtin","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":261798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tripp, Richard B.","contributorId":25997,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tripp","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":261797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nokleberg, Warren J. 0000-0002-1574-8869 wnokleberg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1574-8869","contributorId":2077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nokleberg","given":"Warren","email":"wnokleberg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":261796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":59098,"text":"mf2088 - 1989 - Vertical surface displacements along a part of the Newport-Inglewood zone of folds and faults, Los Angeles and Orange Counties, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-29T19:45:51.241623","indexId":"mf2088","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2088","title":"Vertical surface displacements along a part of the Newport-Inglewood zone of folds and faults, Los Angeles and Orange Counties, California","docAbstract":"During the past half century, the onshore section of the Newport- Inglewood zone of folds and faults between the Dominguez oil field and Corona del Mar (fig. 1) has been repeatedly  leveled to geodetic standards. These essentially fortuitous surveys are unrelated to either the tectonic framework or the urbanization of the Los Angeles basin, but were established instead because the Newport-Inglewood zone southward from the Long Beach area is roughly coincident with the coastline--and, hence, is roughly coincident with a naturally defined leveling route. Although these have been several relevelings athwart this zone north of the long Beach area, notably in the Baldwin Hills area (Castle and Yerkes, 1976), about 25 km to the northwest, the survey density, in both space and time, diminishes markedly northward. Thus, the results of the indicated relevelings along the Los Angeles-Orange County coast have permitted the relatively detailed appraisal of historic vertical surface movements described in this report. The Newport-Inglewood zone of folds and faults forms the surface expression of a major crustal boundary separating the Peninsular Ranges province on the east from the Continental Borderland province on the west (Castle and others, 1984, p. 8-9, pl. 1). Transcurrent fault movement along this boundary has produced not only continuing seismic activity, for which this zone is justly famous, but also folds and other structural features within the sedimentary veneer that have entrapped the petroleum deposits for which the Newport-Inglewood zone is even more famous. Although the northeast boundary of the exceptionally prolific Wilmington oil field is roughly coincident with the southeast edge of the Newport-Inglewood zone, we have deliberately excluded this area from consideration--in other than a peripheral way--simply because compaction-induced subsidence centering on the Wilmington field is viewed as a singularly spectacular example of this phenomenon and, hence, has been the subject of a series of detailed investigation (Harris and Harlow, 1947; Gilluly and Grant, 1949; Hudson, 1956; Miller, 1966; Poland and Davis, 1969; Allen and Mayuga, 1970; Castle and Yerkes, 1976).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/mf2088","usgsCitation":"Castle, R.O., and Buchanan-Banks, J.M., 1989, Vertical surface displacements along a part of the Newport-Inglewood zone of folds and faults, Los Angeles and Orange Counties, California: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2088, 2 Plates: 48.98 x 38.04 inches and 42.84 x 47.93 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2088.","productDescription":"2 Plates: 48.98 x 38.04 inches and 42.84 x 47.93 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487476,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_5692.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":184072,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2088/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":284434,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2088/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":284433,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2088/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Los Angeles County;Orange County","otherGeospatial":"Newport-inglewood Zone","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -118.25,33.625 ], [ -118.25,33.875 ], [ -117.875,33.875 ], [ -117.875,33.625 ], [ -118.25,33.625 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd7b0ee4b0b2908510de66","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Castle, Robert O.","contributorId":22741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Castle","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":261414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Buchanan-Banks, Jane M.","contributorId":29421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buchanan-Banks","given":"Jane","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":261415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":30547,"text":"wri874178 - 1989 - Aquifers in Cretaceous rocks of the central Coastal Plain of North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-04T00:26:17.399556","indexId":"wri874178","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4178","title":"Aquifers in Cretaceous rocks of the central Coastal Plain of North Carolina","docAbstract":"<p>Aquifers in rocks of Cretaceous age are the major source of groundwater for public supplies in the central Coastal Plain. These aquifers consist of sand, gravel, and limestone beds of the Peedee, Black Creek, and the upper and lower Cape Fear aquifers, each separated by a confining unit composed of clay and silt beds. The aquifers and confining units (1) rest upon crystalline basement rocks; (2) dip and thicken to the east-southeast; and (3) are overlain by younger aquifers and confining units in deposits of Quaternary and Tertiary age. The top of the uppermost aquifer, the Peedee, ranges from 122 ft above to 595 ft below sea level. The maximum thickness of all aquifers and confining units in Cretaceous rocks is more than 1,600 ft. </p><p>Aquifers and confining units were defined and correlated for this report using 125 geophysical logs and accompanying drillers' logs, water level data, and water quality information regarding chloride concentrations in water. This analysis allowed the construction of seven hydrogeologic cross sections that depict the continuity of all the aquifers and confining units. These cross sections also show water levels and chloride concentrations in water from various test intervals and describe where chloride concentration in water exceeds 250 mg/L within each aquifer. </p><p>Detailed maps of each Cretaceous aquifer show altitude of its top, thickness, areas of selected sand percentages, transition zones from fresh to saltwater, and the thickness of the confining unit. H<span>ydrogeologic data for all </span><span>aquifers and confining units are presented in tabular form.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri874178","usgsCitation":"Winner, M.D., and Lyke, W., 1989, Aquifers in Cretaceous rocks of the central Coastal Plain of North Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4178, Report: v, 71 p.; 20 Plates: 34.00 x 24.96 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874178.","productDescription":"Report: v, 71 p.; 20 Plates: 34.00 x 24.96 inches or smaller","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science 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D. Jr.","contributorId":51766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winner","given":"M.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lyke, W.L.","contributorId":75551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyke","given":"W.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":17633,"text":"ofr88318 - 1989 - Results of hydrologic research at a low-level radioactive-waste disposal site near Sheffield, Illinois","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":17633,"text":"ofr88318 - 1989 - Results of hydrologic research at a low-level radioactive-waste disposal site near Sheffield, Illinois","indexId":"ofr88318","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"title":"Results of hydrologic research at a low-level radioactive-waste disposal site near Sheffield, Illinois"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":2635,"text":"wsp2367 - 1991 - Results of hydrologic research at a low-level radioactive-waste disposal site near Sheffield, Illinois","indexId":"wsp2367","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"title":"Results of hydrologic research at a low-level radioactive-waste disposal site near Sheffield, Illinois"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":2635,"text":"wsp2367 - 1991 - Results of hydrologic research at a low-level radioactive-waste disposal site near Sheffield, Illinois","indexId":"wsp2367","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"title":"Results of hydrologic research at a low-level radioactive-waste disposal site near Sheffield, Illinois"},"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-05T19:30:36.120435","indexId":"ofr88318","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-318","title":"Results of hydrologic research at a low-level radioactive-waste disposal site near Sheffield, Illinois","docAbstract":"<p>Ten years of hydrologic research have been conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey at a commercial low-level radioactive-waste disposal site near Sheffield, Illinois. Research included studies of microclimate, evapotranspiration, and tritium release by plants; runoff and land modification; water movement through a trench cover; water and tritium movement in the unsaturated zone; gases in the unsaturated zone; water and tritium movement in the saturated zone; and water chemistry. Implications specific to each research topic and those based on overlapping research topics are summarized as to their potential effect on the selection, characterization, design, operation, and decommissioning processes of future low-level radioactive-waste disposal sites. </p><p>Unconsolidated deposits at the site are diverse in lithologic character and are spatially and stratigraphically complex. Thickness of these Quaternary deposits ranges from 3 to 27 meters and averages 17 meters. The unconsolidated deposits overlay 140 meters of Pennsylvanian shale, mudstone, siltstone, and coal. </p><p>Approximately 90,500 cubic meters of waste were buried from August 1967 through August 1978, in 21 trenches that were constructed in glacial materials by using a cut-and-fill process. Trenches generally were constructed below grade and ranged from 11 to 180 meters long, 2.4 to 21 meters wide, and 2.4 to about 7.9 meters deep. </p><p>Research on microclimate and evapotranspiration at the site was conducted from July 1982 through June 1984. Continuous measurements were made of precipitation, incoming and reflected solar (shortwave) radiation, incoming and emitted terrestrial (longwave) radiation, horizontal windspeed and direction, wet- and dry-bulb air temperature, barometric pressure, soil-heat fluxes, and soil temperature. Soil-moisture content, for this research phase, was measured approximately biweekly. Evapotranspiration rates were estimated by using three techniques--energy budget, aerodynamic profile, and water budget. Although monthly totals for each method differed, estimated annual evapotranspiration averages ranged from 630 to 693 millimeters or about 70 percent of precipitation. </p><p>Tritium concentrations in leaf water from on-site plants were determined for 125 vegetation samples collected during the summers of 1982 through 1986. Concentrations varied significantly among some locations and plant types. Tritium concentrations ranged from the detection limit of 0 .2 to 1,330 nanocuries per liter, with alfalfa (Medicago sativa) having the highest concentrations, followed by brome grass (Bromus inermis), and then red clover (Trifoleum pratense); these variations in concentration are most likely a result of root depth. </p><p>Runoff and sediment transport were measured from July 1982 through December 1985 in four basins--three comprising almost two-thirds of the 8.1-hectare site and one comprising a 1.4-hectare undisturbed area. Volumes and equivalent weights of collapses were estimated from records of site surficial conditions from October 1978 through December 1985. Runoff showed a direct relation to degree of land modification; lowest mean yields were measured at the undisturbed area, and highest mean yields were measured from the basin composed wholly of trench and intertrench areas. Sediment yield measured onsite averaged 3.4 megagrams per hectare. A total of 315 collapse cavities, corresponding to a cumulative volume of about 500 cubic meters, were documented. Most collapses were recorded after periods of rainfall or snowmelt when soil moisture was near maximum. Almost two-thirds of the collapses, corresponding to 63 percent of the cumulative cavity volume, occurred during February through April. </p><p>Data for the study of water movement through a trench cover were collected from July 1982 through June 1934. Pressure-head data were collected at four different clusters at depths ranging from 50 to 1,850 millimeters within a selected trench cover. Soil-moisture content for this research phase was measured weekly with a gamma-attenuation moisture probe. The amount of water stored within the trench cover fluctuated in an annual cycle. Moisture contents were greatest in late March or early April, decreased steadily from late spring through the summer, reached a minimum in late August or early September, and then increased gradually from midfall through the winter. Depths of wetting-front movements were a function of initial soil-moisture content and total storm precipitation. Seepage to the trench was estimated by use of four different methods: the Darcy method, the zero-flux phase method, the surface-based water-budget method, and the ground-water based water-budget method. Estimates by the different methods differed considerably. </p><p>Investigation of the unsaturated zone at the site began in 1981 and is ongoing (1987). Water movement was measured along a generalized vertical section through four trenches. A 120-meter-long, 2-meter-diameter horizontal tunnel provided access below the trenches. The timing of water movement varied temporally and spatially. Vertical flow was inhibited at interfaces between lithologic units of contrasting hydraulic conductivities. Data also indicate that water movement through the sand of the Toulon Member of the Glasford Formation occurs along localized partially saturated to saturated flow paths. Average velocities of water movement through the extent of the unsaturated zone, as estimated by a saturation-tracking method, ranged from 0.04 to 0.34 meter per day. </p><p>Tritium concentrations in the unsaturated zone varied spatially reflecting the heterogeneity of wastes in the overlying trenches and local hydrogeologic conditions. Tritium concentrations at all lysimeter locations increased with time; however, the increases usually were of small magnitude. Tritium concentrations increased abruptly, from five to nine times previous concentrations, at only 3 of 14 locations. </p><p>Gas samples were collected from a network of soil-gas piezometers located in the undisturbed unsaturated zone near a waste trench at approximately 70-day intervals during 1984-86. Relative proportions of nitrogen, oxygen plus argon, carbon dioxide, methane, ethane, propane, butane, tritiated water vapor, carbon dioxide, and 222radon were converted to partial pressures, based on a mean atmospheric pressure of 98.6 kilopascals. Methane and 14 carbon dioxide were identified as originating in the waste and having mean partial pressures that generally decreased with horizontal distance from the trench and with vertical distance to the land surface. Partial-pressure gradients for other radioactive gases were not detected in the gas sampling network; definable gradients may occur much nearer to the waste source. </p><p>Ground-water flow has been studied at the site since 1976. The spatial, stratigraphic, and lithologic complexity of the unconsolidated deposits that compose the shallow aquifer result in the free water surface intersecting nine different lithologic units at the site. Saturated hydraulic conductivities of these units range from about 4x10-12 to 8x10-6 centimeters per second. Three ground-water basins were defined within the shallow aquifer, with flow generally from west to east. Ground-water velocities are highly variable. A tracer test conducted in a pebbly-sand unit resulted in velocities in the range of 640 to 770 meters per year. Estimated velocities for the other units ranged from 2 to 490 meters per year. </p><p>Tritium was detected in observation wells on-site in 1976 and off-site in 1982. Concentrations ranged from the analytical detection limit of 0.2 to over 300 nanocuries per liter. Seasonal variations in tritium concentrations were observed in most wells, and dilution caused by infiltrating rainfall was observed. </p><p>Water-chemistry research included the collection and analysis of precipitation, geologic materials, and unsaturated- and saturated-zone water, both on-site and off-site, and in all geologic units, during 1978 to 1984. Precipitation was a calcium-zinc-sulfate type water. Calcium and bicarbonate were the most abundant cation and anion, respectively, in the geologic materials. Mean dissolved organic carbon and tritium concentrations (45 milligrams per liter and 290 nanocuries per liter, respectively) were greater in samples from six lysimeters located directly below waste trenches and one located within a trench, than in samples from all other lysimeters (8.4 milligrams per liter and 17 nanocuries per liter, respectively). Water in the saturated zone was generally a magnesium-bicarbonate type. Tritium was the only radionuclide detected in the saturated zone.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr88318","usgsCitation":"1989, Results of hydrologic research at a low-level radioactive-waste disposal site near Sheffield, Illinois: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 88-318, x, 114 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr88318.","productDescription":"x, 114 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":149804,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0318/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":384153,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0318/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois","city":"Sheffield","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -89.76242065429688,\n              41.33660710626423\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.67727661132811,\n              41.33660710626423\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.67727661132811,\n              41.3675335097313\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.76242065429688,\n              41.3675335097313\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.76242065429688,\n              41.33660710626423\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abde4b07f02db673fe8","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Ryan, Barbara J.","contributorId":53397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryan","given":"Barbara J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":749494,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":41114,"text":"ofr89200 - 1989 - Preliminary bedrock map of the Stratton Mountain quadrangle, Vermont","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-04T19:23:19.628986","indexId":"ofr89200","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-200","title":"Preliminary bedrock map of the Stratton Mountain quadrangle, Vermont","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr89200","usgsCitation":"Ratcliffe, N.M., and Burton, W.C., 1989, Preliminary bedrock map of the Stratton Mountain quadrangle, Vermont: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-200, Report: 11 p.; 1 Plate: 18.46 × 28.04 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr89200.","productDescription":"Report: 11 p.; 1 Plate: 18.46 × 28.04 inches","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":398046,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_18947.htm"},{"id":78970,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0200/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":78969,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0200/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":175337,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0200/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"Vermont","otherGeospatial":"Stratton Mountain quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -72.875,\n              43\n            ],\n            [\n              -73,\n              43\n            ],\n            [\n              -73,\n              43.125\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.875,\n              43.125\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.875,\n              43\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c8c4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ratcliffe, Nicholas M. 0000-0002-7922-5784 nratclif@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7922-5784","contributorId":4167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ratcliffe","given":"Nicholas","email":"nratclif@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":224524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burton, William C. 0000-0001-7519-5787 bburton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7519-5787","contributorId":1293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burton","given":"William","email":"bburton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":224523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":57383,"text":"wdrOR871 - 1989 - Water resources data for Oregon, water year 1987. Volume 1. Eastern Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-02T20:58:08.424545","indexId":"wdrOR871","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"OR-87-1","title":"Water resources data for Oregon, water year 1987. Volume 1. Eastern Oregon","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wdrOR871","usgsCitation":"Alexander, C., Boucher, P.R., Moffatt, R.L., and Smith, M., 1989, Water resources data for Oregon, water year 1987. Volume 1. 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C.W.","contributorId":76745,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alexander","given":"C.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":256860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boucher, P. R.","contributorId":108088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boucher","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":256862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moffatt, R. L.","contributorId":79889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moffatt","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":256861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smith, M.L.","contributorId":35386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":256859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":26603,"text":"wri884217 - 1989 - Sources and concentrations of dissolved solids and selenium in the San Joaquin River and its tributaries, California, October 1985 to March 1987","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:23","indexId":"wri884217","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-4217","title":"Sources and concentrations of dissolved solids and selenium in the San Joaquin River and its tributaries, California, October 1985 to March 1987","docAbstract":"Sources and concentrations of dissolved solids and selenium in the San Joaquin River and its tributaries, California, were assessed by a mass-balance approach to determine the effects of tile-drain water and irrigation-return flows on the river. The study included low-flow periods from October 1985 to mid-February 1986 and mid-May 1986 through March 1987, and a high-flow period from mid-February to mid-May 1985. During the combined low-flow period, the dissolved-solids load from eastside tributaries and the upper San Joaquin River accounted for only 18% of the total load at Vernalis, located farthest downstream, even though they accounted for 71% of the streamflow. Salt and Mud Sloughs contributed 40% of the dissolved-solids load but only 9% of streamflow. Unmeasured sources of dissolved solids contributed about 42% of the total load during low flow. In contrast, Salt and Mud Sloughs, which receive most of the tile-drain water that enters the river, contributed almost 80% of the total selenium load to the river, and loading of selenium concentrations were highest in Salt and Mud Sloughs and decreased downstream in the San Joaquin River with dilution from eastside tributaries. A State standard for dissolved solids of 500 mg/L was exceeded 11% of the time in the San Joaquin River at Vernalis. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 's 4-day average aquatic-life criterion of 5 micrograms/L of selenium was exceeded in more than 60% of the samples from the sloughs and in about 20% of the samples from the San Joaquin River, just downstream of the Merced River. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBooks and Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri884217","usgsCitation":"Clifton, D., and Gilliom, R.J., 1989, Sources and concentrations of dissolved solids and selenium in the San Joaquin River and its tributaries, California, October 1985 to March 1987: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 88-4217, v, 33 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri884217.","productDescription":"v, 33 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":157810,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4217/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55468,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4217/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699fb8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clifton, D.G.","contributorId":103292,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clifton","given":"D.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gilliom, R. J.","contributorId":60650,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilliom","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":57385,"text":"wdrOR881 - 1989 - Water resources data for Oregon, water year 1988, Volume 1. Eastern Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-02T21:23:56.980559","indexId":"wdrOR881","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"OR-88-1","title":"Water resources data for Oregon, water year 1988, Volume 1. Eastern Oregon","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wdrOR881","usgsCitation":"Hubbard, L., Moffatt, R.L., Herrett, T., Kraus, R., and Ruppert, G., 1989, Water resources data for Oregon, water year 1988, Volume 1. Eastern Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report OR-88-1, xi, 208 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrOR881.","productDescription":"xi, 208 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":379005,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1988/or-88-1/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":181591,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1988/or-88-1/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"id\":\"40\",\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Oregon\",\"nation\":\"USA  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L.E.","contributorId":104945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hubbard","given":"L.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":256871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moffatt, R. L.","contributorId":79889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moffatt","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":256869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Herrett, T.A.","contributorId":102944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herrett","given":"T.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":256870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kraus, R.L.","contributorId":108182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kraus","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":256872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ruppert, G.P.","contributorId":67111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruppert","given":"G.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":256868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":27587,"text":"wri884234 - 1989 - Geohydrology of the alluvial and terrace deposits of the North Canadian River from Oklahoma City to Eufaula Lake, central Oklahoma","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:40","indexId":"wri884234","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-4234","title":"Geohydrology of the alluvial and terrace deposits of the North Canadian River from Oklahoma City to Eufaula Lake, central Oklahoma","docAbstract":"This investigation was undertaken to describe the geohydrology of the alluvial and terrace deposits along the North Canadian River between Lake Overholser and Eufaula Lake, an area of about 1,835 square miles, and to determine the maximum annual yield of ground water.\r\nA 1982 water-level map of the alluvial and terrace aquifer was prepared using field data and published records. Data from test holes and other data from the files of the U.S. Geological Survey and the Oklahoma Water Resources Board were used to establish the approximate thickness of the alluvial and terrace deposits.\r\n\r\nThe North Canadian River from Lake Overholser, near Oklahoma City, to Eufaula Lake is paralleled by a 2- to 3-mile wide band of alluvium. Scattered terrace deposits on either side of the alluvium reach an extreme width of 8 miles. Rocks of Permian age bound the alluvial and terrace deposits from the west to the midpoint of the study area; Pennsylvanian rocks bound the alluvial and terrace deposits from that point eastward.\r\n\r\nThree major aquifers are present in the study area: the alluvial and terrace aquifer, consisting of alluvium and terrace deposits of Quaternary age in a narrow band on either side of the North Canadian River; the Garber-Wellington aquifer of Permian age, consisting of an upper unconfined zone and a lower confined zone separated by relatively impermeable shales; and the Ada-Vamoosa aquifer of Pennsylvanian age. At locations were the alluvial and terrace aquifer overlies either of the other aquifers, there is hydraulic continuity between the alluvial and terrace aquifer and the other aquifers, and water levels are the same.\r\n\r\nMost large-scale municipal and industrial pumping from the Garber-Wellington aquifer is from the lower zone and has little discernible effect upon the alluvial and terrace aquifer.\r\n\r\nThe total estimated base flow of the North Canadian River for the studied reach is 264 cubic feet per second. Evapotranspiration from the basin in August is about 60 cubic feet per second for the North Canadian River from Lake Overholser to a measuring station above Eufaula Lake. Estimated recharge rates to the alluvial and terrace aquifer in the basin range from 1.7 inches at the west edge of the study area to 7.0 inches at the east edge.\r\n\r\nTotal permitted withdrawal from the aquifer, according to records of the Oklahoma Water Resources Board, ranged from 2,107 acre-feet per year in 1942 to about 21,415 acre-feet per year in 1982.\r\n\r\nSimulations of the alluvial and terrace aquifer from Lake Overholser to Eufaula Lake were made using a finite-difference model developed by McDonald and Harbaugh (1984). The area of the aquifers was subdivided into a finite-difference grid having 30 rows and 57 columns with cells measuring 1 mile in the north-south direction and 2 miles in the east-west direction. The model was calibrated in two steps: A steady-state calibration simulated head distribution prior to extensive pumping of the aquifer in 1942, and a transient calibration simulated head distribution after extensive pumpage. The final horizontal hydraulic conductivity used for the alluvial and terrace aquifer was 0.0036 feet per second (310 feet per day) at all locations. The recharge rate for the alluvial and terrace aquifer ranged from 1.7 inch per year in the west to 7.0 inches per year in the east, and averaged about 3.3 inches per year. A specific yield of 15 percent was used for the transient simulation.\r\n\r\nPermitted pumpage for 1942 through 1982 was used in the digital model to estimate the annual volume of water in storage in the alluvial and terrace aquifer for the years for this time period. The 1982 permitted pumpage rates were used for projections for 1983 to 2020. The estimated volume of water in storage was 1,940,000 acre-feet in 1982. Because the estimated recharge rate is equal to the allowed pumpage rate in 1982, the projected volume of water in storage in both 1993 and 2020 was 1,890,000 acre-feet.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBooks and Open-file reports, Federal Center,","doi":"10.3133/wri884234","usgsCitation":"Havens, J., 1989, Geohydrology of the alluvial and terrace deposits of the North Canadian River from Oklahoma City to Eufaula Lake, central Oklahoma: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 88-4234, vii, 32 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri884234.","productDescription":"vii, 32 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":121808,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4234/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56439,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4234/plate-01.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":56440,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4234/plate-02.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":56441,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4234/plate-03.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":56442,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4234/plate-04.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":56443,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4234/plate-05.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":56444,"rank":405,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4234/plate-06.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":56445,"rank":406,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4234/plate-07.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":56446,"rank":407,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4234/plate-08.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":56447,"rank":408,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4234/plate-09.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":56448,"rank":409,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4234/plate-10.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":56449,"rank":410,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4234/plate-11.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":56450,"rank":411,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4234/plate-12.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":56451,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4234/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a8888","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Havens, J.S.","contributorId":12043,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Havens","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":12080,"text":"ofr88715 - 1989 - Geology and water resources of Owens Valley, California","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":12080,"text":"ofr88715 - 1989 - Geology and water resources of Owens Valley, California","indexId":"ofr88715","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"title":"Geology and water resources of Owens Valley, California"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":31066,"text":"wsp2370B - 1991 - Geology and water resources of Owens Valley, California","indexId":"wsp2370B","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"chapter":"B","title":"Geology and water resources of Owens Valley, California"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":31066,"text":"wsp2370B - 1991 - Geology and water resources of Owens Valley, California","indexId":"wsp2370B","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"title":"Geology and water resources of Owens Valley, California"},"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-05T01:59:16.611946","indexId":"ofr88715","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-715","title":"Geology and water resources of Owens Valley, California","docAbstract":"<p><span>Owens Valley, a long, narrow valley located along the east flank of the </span><span>Sierra Nevada in east-central California, is the main source of water for the </span><span>city of Los Angeles. The city diverts most of the surface water in the valley </span><span>into the Owens River-Los Angeles Aqueduct system, which transports the water </span><span>more than 200 miles south to areas of distribution and use. </span><span>Additionally, </span><span>ground water is pumped or flows from wells to supplement the surface-water </span><span>diversions to the river-aqueduct system. </span><span>Pumpage from wells needed to </span><span>supplement water export has increased since 1970, when a second aqueduct was </span><span>put into service, and local concerns have been expressed that the increased </span><span>pumpage may have had a detrimental effect on the environment and the </span><span>indigenous alkaline scrub and meadow plant communities in the valley. The </span><span>scrub and meadow communities depend on soil moisture derived from </span><span>precipitation and the unconfined part of a multilayered aquifer system. </span><span>This </span><span>report, which describes the hydrogeology of the aquifer system and the water </span><span>resources of the valley, is one in a series designed to (1) evaluate the </span><span>effects that ground-water pumping has on scrub and meadow communities and (2) </span><span>appraise alternative strategies to mitigate any adverse effects caused by </span><span>pumping. </span></p><p><span>Two principal topographic features are the surface expression of the geologic framework--the high, prominent mountains on the east and west sides of the valley and the long, narrow intermountain valley floor. The mountains are composed of sedimentary, granitic, and metamorphic rocks, mantled in part by volcanic rocks as well as by glacial, talus, and fluvial deposits. The valley floor is underlain by valley fill that consists of unconsolidated to moderately consolidated alluvial fan, glacial and talus, and fluvial and lacustrine deposits. The valley fill also includes interlayered recent volcanic flows and pyroclastic rocks. The bedrock surface beneath the valley fill is a narrow, steep-sided graben that is structurally separated into the Bishop Basin to the north and the Owens Lake Basin to the south. These two structural basins are separated by (1) a bedrock high that is the upper bedrock block of an east-west normal fault, (2) a horst block of bedrock (the Poverty Hills), and (3) Quaternary basalt flows and cinder cones that intercalate and intrude the sedimentary deposits of the valley fill. The resulting structural separation of the basins allowed separate development of fluvial and lacustrine depositional systems in each basin. </span></p><p><span>Nearly all the ground water in Owens Valley flows through and is stored in the saturated valley fill. The bedrock, which surrounds and underlies the valley fill, is virtually impermeable. Three hydrogeologic units compose the valley-fill aquifer system, a defined subdivision of the ground-water system, and a fourth represents the valley fill below the aquifer system and above the bedrock. The aquifer system is divided into horizontal hydrogeologic units on the basis of either (1) uniform hydrologic characteristics of a specific lithologic layer or (2) distribution of the vertical hydraulic head. Hydrogeologic unit 1 is the upper unit and represents the unconfined part of the system, hydrogeologic unit 2 represents the confining unit (or units), and hydrogeologic unit 3 represents the confined part of the aquifer system. Hydrogeologic unit 4 represents the deep part of the ground-water system and lies below the aquifer system. Hydrogeologic unit 4 transmits or stores much less water than hydrogeologic unit 3 and represents either a moderately consolidated valley fill or a geologic unit in the valley fill defined on the basis of geophysical data. </span></p><p><span>Nearly all the recharge to the aquifer system is from infiltration of runoff from snowmelt and rainfall on the Sierra Nevada. In contrast, little recharge occurs to the system by runoff from the White and Inyo Mountains or from direct precipitation on the valley floor. Ground water flows from the margins of the valley towards the center of the valley; the ground water then flows south to the terminus of the system at Owens (dry) Lake. Ground water flows south from Bishop Basin to Owens Lake Basin through the narrows that constrict the flow opposite Poverty Hills. The aquifer system in the northern half of Owens Lake Basin is divided into east and west halves by the barrier effect caused by the Owens Valley fault. Discharge from the aquifer system is primarily by pumpage and evapotranspiration, and to a lesser extent by flowing wells, springs, underflow, and leakage to the Owens River-Los Angeles aqueduct system. Withdrawals from pumped or flowing wells is the largest component of discharge and accounts for about 50 percent of the outflow from the system. Transpiration by scrub and meadow plant communities, and to a lesser extent by irrigated alfalfa pasture, accounts for about 40 percent of the system's discharge. </span></p><p><span>Natural hydraulic conductivity ranges from less than 400 to about 12,000 feet per day in the basalt flows, the more permeable material in the aquifer system. Where the basalts are fractured by explosives and drilling techniques, actual transmissivities can be greater than 1,000,000 feet squared per day. Hydraulic conductivities in sedimentary deposits of the aquifer system range from less than a few feet per day in lacustrine clays to more than 300 feet per day in gravel stringers and beach deposits in the transition zone between alluvial fan deposits and fluvial and lacustrine deposits.</span></p><div class=\"page\" data-page-number=\"12\" data-loaded=\"true\"><div class=\"textLayer\"><span>Degree of confinement in the aquifer system generally increases to the </span><span>south and east in both the Bishop and Owens Lake Basins. The vertical hydraulic </span><span>gradient across hydrogeologic unit 2 and confining beds in hydrogeologic units 1 </span><span>and 3 is a function of (1) the asymmetric recharge and hydraulic head created by </span><span>the dominant recharge from Sierra Nevada runoff and (2) the areal extent and </span><span>thickness of the confining beds. </span><span>Although most of the pumpage is from </span><span>hydrogeologic unit 3, some coincident drawdown has been recorded in nonpumped </span><span>wells that tap unit 1. Drawdown in hydrogeologic unit 1 is a function of </span><span>changes in (1) lateral flow through hydrogeologic unit 1, (2) upward flow of </span><span>ground water through the confining beds, (3) downward leakage of water from </span><span>hydrogeologic unit 1 to unit 3 through wells, (4) direct withdrawal from well </span><span>intervals open to hydrogeologic unit 1, and (5) increased evapotranspiration.</span></div><div class=\"textLayer\"><span><br data-mce-bogus=\"1\"></span></div><div class=\"textLayer\"><span>The water in the aquifer system is generally of excellent quality for public supply and irrigation, with the exception of water stored in thick sequences of lacustrine silts and clays near Owens Lake. The water is principally a calcium bicarbonate type and dissolved-solids concentrations range from approximately 104 to 325 milligrams per liter. Water in the lacustrine sediments of Owens (dry) Lake is a sodium bicarbonate type and dissolved-solids concentrations are about 5,400 milligrams per liter. </span></div></div><div class=\"page\" data-page-number=\"13\" data-loaded=\"true\"></div><div class=\"page\" data-page-number=\"14\" data-loaded=\"true\"><div class=\"textLayer\"><br data-mce-bogus=\"1\"></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr88715","usgsCitation":"Hollett, K.J., Danskin, W., McCaffrey, W.F., and Walti, C., 1989, Geology and water resources of Owens Valley, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 88-715, Report: viii, 118 p.; 2 Plates 35.70 x 35.41 inches and 35.41 x 28.51 inches; 3 Figures: 16.01 x 11.00 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr88715.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 118 p.; 2 Plates 35.70 x 35.41 inches and 35.41 x 28.51 inches; 3 Figures: 16.01 x 11.00 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":384038,"rank":7,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0715/Figure-10.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":384037,"rank":6,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0715/Figure-17.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":384036,"rank":5,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0715/Figure-7.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":384035,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0715/Plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":384034,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0715/Plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":384033,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0715/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":144941,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0715/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Owens Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -119.90478515625,\n              36.2354121683998\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.5537109375,\n              36.2354121683998\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.5537109375,\n              37.90953361677018\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.90478515625,\n              37.90953361677018\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.90478515625,\n              36.2354121683998\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad6e4b07f02db68414d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hollett, Kenneth J.","contributorId":40580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hollett","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Danskin, W.R. 0000-0001-8672-5501","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8672-5501","contributorId":22713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Danskin","given":"W.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McCaffrey, W. F.","contributorId":18001,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCaffrey","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Walti, C.L.","contributorId":80685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walti","given":"C.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":44141,"text":"ofr8997 - 1989 - Surficial geologic map of the Dover East quadrangle in New Hampshire","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-05T21:40:31.122215","indexId":"ofr8997","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-97","title":"Surficial geologic map of the Dover East quadrangle in New Hampshire","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr8997","usgsCitation":"Larson, G.J., and Goldsmith, R., 1989, Surficial geologic map of the Dover East quadrangle in New Hampshire: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-97, 1 Plate: 26.35 × 30.01 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr8997.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 26.35 × 30.01 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":134828,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":81519,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0097/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":398168,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_18943.htm"}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"New Hampshire","otherGeospatial":"Dover East quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -70.875,\n              43.125\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.75,\n              43.125\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.75,\n              43.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.875,\n              43.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.875,\n              43.125\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae3e4b07f02db689049","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Larson, Grahame J.","contributorId":84328,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"Grahame","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goldsmith, Richard","contributorId":33283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldsmith","given":"Richard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":16592,"text":"ofr87690 - 1989 - Hydrogeologic framework of the North Carolina Coastal Plain aquifer system","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":16592,"text":"ofr87690 - 1989 - Hydrogeologic framework of the North Carolina Coastal Plain aquifer system","indexId":"ofr87690","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"title":"Hydrogeologic framework of the North Carolina Coastal Plain aquifer system"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":39630,"text":"pp1404I - 1996 - Hydrogeologic framework of the North Carolina coastal plain","indexId":"pp1404I","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"chapter":"I","title":"Hydrogeologic framework of the North Carolina coastal plain"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":39630,"text":"pp1404I - 1996 - Hydrogeologic framework of the North Carolina coastal plain","indexId":"pp1404I","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"title":"Hydrogeologic framework of the North Carolina coastal plain"},"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-05T19:50:31.552534","indexId":"ofr87690","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-690","title":"Hydrogeologic framework of the North Carolina Coastal Plain aquifer system","docAbstract":"The hydrogeologic framework of the North Carolina Coastal Plain aquifer system consists of ten aquifers separated by nine confining units. From top to bottom the aquifers are: the surficial aquifer, Yorktown aquifer, Pungo River aquifer, Castle Hayne aquifer, Beaufort aquifer, Peedee aquifer, Black Creek aquifer, upper Cape Fear aquifer, lower Cape Fear aquifer, and the Lower Cretaceous aquifer. The uppermost aquifer (the surficial aquifer in most places) is a water-table aquifer and the bottom of the system is underlain by crystalline bedrock. The sedimentary deposits forming the aquifers are of Holocene to Cretaceous age and are composed mostly of sand with lesser amounts of gravel and limestone. Confining units between aquifers are composed primarily of clay and silt. The thickness of the aquifers ranges from zero along the Fall Line to more than 10,000 feet at Cape Hatteras. Prominent structural features are the increasing easterly homoclinal dip of the sediments and the Cape Fear arch, the axis of which trends in a southeast direction. The stratigraphic continuity is determined from correlations of 161 geophysical logs along with data from drillers' and geologists' logs. Aquifers were defined by means of these logs plus water-level and water-quality data and evidence of the continuity of pumping effects. Eighteen hydrogeologic sections depict the correlation of these aquifers throughout the Coastal Plain.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr87690","usgsCitation":"Winner, M.D., and Coble, R.W., 1989, Hydrogeologic framework of the North Carolina Coastal Plain aquifer system: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 87-690, Report: x, 155 p.; 44 Plates: 52.15 x 23.77 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr87690.","productDescription":"Report: x, 155 p.; 44 Plates: 52.15 x 23.77 inches or smaller","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science 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D. Jr.","contributorId":51766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winner","given":"M.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":173127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coble, R. W.","contributorId":49380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coble","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":173126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":61406,"text":"mf2110 - 1989 - Correlation of the Charleston Sandstone of the proposed Pennsylvanian stratotype with strata in eastern Kentucky, western West Virginia, and southern Ohio","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-29T20:29:54.706374","indexId":"mf2110","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2110","title":"Correlation of the Charleston Sandstone of the proposed Pennsylvanian stratotype with strata in eastern Kentucky, western West Virginia, and southern Ohio","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/mf2110","isbn":"0607820357","usgsCitation":"Outerbridge, W., 1989, Correlation of the Charleston Sandstone of the proposed Pennsylvanian stratotype with strata in eastern Kentucky, western West Virginia, and southern Ohio: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2110, 1 Plate: 40.95 x 32.40 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2110.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 40.95 x 32.40 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":282203,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2110/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":183668,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":487852,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_5710.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"1000000","country":"United States","state":"Kentucky, Ohio, West Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Charleston Sandstone","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -83.5,\n              38.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.5,\n              37.1333\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.3333,\n              37.1333\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.3333,\n              38.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.5,\n              38.5\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad7e4b07f02db684578","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Outerbridge, W.F.","contributorId":58646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Outerbridge","given":"W.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":16695,"text":"ofr8961 - 1989 - Construction data and retrieval procedures for selected wells drilled from 1985 through 1987 at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-21T20:26:02.80111","indexId":"ofr8961","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-61","title":"Construction data and retrieval procedures for selected wells drilled from 1985 through 1987 at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee","docAbstract":"Twenty-eight wells were constructed by the U. S. Geological Survey for use in describing the groundwater flow system in Melton Valley, at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory in eastern Tennessee. The wells were installed at 18 locations in Melton Valley and along the Clinch River during the period 1985 through 1987. During the same period, 19 wells were constructed by Oak Ridge National Laboratory at 7 locations in or near radioactive-waste burial grounds in Melton Valley. Construction data for all 47 wells are in the U.S. Geological Survey Groundwater Site Inventory data system, where information is also stored for 450 wells that were completed at the laboratory in earlier years. The data can be electronically retrieved by personnel who have access to the U.S. Geological Survey Prime computer located in Nashville, Tennessee, and retrieval procedures are given in the report. (USGS)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr8961","usgsCitation":"Zehner, H., 1989, Construction data and retrieval procedures for selected wells drilled from 1985 through 1987 at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-61, iii, 96 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr8961.","productDescription":"iii, 96 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":382437,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0061/report.pdf"},{"id":148771,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0061/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Tennessee","otherGeospatial":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -84.5233154296875,\n              35.96022296929667\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.0069580078125,\n              35.96022296929667\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.0069580078125,\n              36.10237644873644\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.5233154296875,\n              36.10237644873644\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.5233154296875,\n              35.96022296929667\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b12e4b07f02db6a2f25","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zehner, H.H.","contributorId":105322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zehner","given":"H.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":173306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":61416,"text":"mf2106 - 1989 - Correlation of surface sections of the intertongued Eocene Wasatch and Green River formations across the central part of the Sand Wash Basin, northwest Colorado, and eastern part of the Washakie Basin, southwest Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-29T20:24:37.543206","indexId":"mf2106","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2106","title":"Correlation of surface sections of the intertongued Eocene Wasatch and Green River formations across the central part of the Sand Wash Basin, northwest Colorado, and eastern part of the Washakie Basin, southwest Wyoming","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/mf2106","isbn":"0607820314","usgsCitation":"Roehler, H.W., 1989, Correlation of surface sections of the intertongued Eocene Wasatch and Green River formations across the central part of the Sand Wash Basin, northwest Colorado, and eastern part of the Washakie Basin, southwest Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2106, 1 Plate: 45.36 x 38.17 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2106.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 45.36 x 38.17 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487792,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_5706.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":282196,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2106/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":186855,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2106/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"666700","country":"United States","state":"Colorado, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Sand Wash Basin, Washakie Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -108.2603,\n              41.667\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.2603,\n              40.5758\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.5528,\n              40.5758\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.5528,\n              41.667\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.2603,\n              41.667\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad7e4b07f02db684595","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roehler, H. W.","contributorId":16072,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roehler","given":"H.","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":20713,"text":"ofr89253 - 1989 - Flow of ground water through fractured carbonate rocks in the Prairie du Chien-Jordan Aquifer, southeastern Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-19T11:18:56","indexId":"ofr89253","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-253","title":"Flow of ground water through fractured carbonate rocks in the Prairie du Chien-Jordan Aquifer, southeastern Minnesota","docAbstract":"<p>Contamination of groundwater from point and nonpoint sources (such as landfills, feedlots, agricultural chemicals applied to fields, and septic systems) is a recognized problem in the karst area of southeastern Minnesota. The US Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources and the Legislative Commission on Minnesota Resources, Began a study in October 1987 to improve the understanding of local groundwater flow through karst terrain in southeastern Minnesota. The objectives of the study are to: (1) describe the orientations of systematic rock fractures and solution channels of the Prairie du Chien Group of Ordovician-age carbonate rocks in southeastern Minnesota, and, if possible, to define the principal and minor axes of these orientations; and (2) evaluate the effect of fractures and solution channels in the Prairie du Chien Group on the local flow of groundwater. Groundwater in the Upper Carbonate aquifer regionally flows toward the periphery of the aquifer and locally flows into streams and bedrock valleys. The hydraulic gradient in this aquifer generally is greatest near areas of groundwater seepage to streams. Regional groundwater flow in the Prairie du Chien-Jordan aquifer generally is to the south and east in much of Fillmore and Houston Counties and in the southern parts of Olmsted and Winona Counties. Groundwater seepage to selected streams was evaluated by current-meter measurements of downstream gains or losses of streamflow and by an experimental approach based on radon activity in streams. The activity of radon in groundwater ranges from two to four orders of magnitude greater than the activity in surface water; therefore, groundwater seepage to streams generally increases the in-stream radon activity.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"St. Paul, MN","doi":"10.3133/ofr89253","usgsCitation":"Ruhl, J.F., 1989, Flow of ground water through fractured carbonate rocks in the Prairie du Chien-Jordan Aquifer, southeastern Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-253, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr89253.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":50273,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0253/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":154819,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0253/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","otherGeospatial":"Prairie du Chien-Jordan Aquifer","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48c0e4b07f02db53c023","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ruhl, J. F.","contributorId":81866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruhl","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":183112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":19332,"text":"ofr8880 - 1989 - Compilation of mean annual suspended-sediment yields for selected streams draining basins within and adjacent to coal fields in the eastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:28","indexId":"ofr8880","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-80","title":"Compilation of mean annual suspended-sediment yields for selected streams draining basins within and adjacent to coal fields in the eastern United States","docAbstract":"Mean annual suspended-sediment yields are listed for 481 selected stations on streams draining basins within and adjacent to the coal fields of the Eastern Coal Province and the eastern region of the Interior Coal Province of the Eastern United States. The drainage basin of each of these stations has an area of 100 and 10,000 sq km; one third or less of the basin drains to a manmade impoundment. Also listed are the percentage of the basin covered by forest, the mean stream-channel gradient of the basin, and any coal-mining activity in the basin. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBooks and Open-file reports [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr8880","usgsCitation":"Hickman, R., 1989, Compilation of mean annual suspended-sediment yields for selected streams draining basins within and adjacent to coal fields in the eastern United States: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 88-80, iv, 57 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr8880.","productDescription":"iv, 57 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":151876,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0080/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":48805,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0080/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1de4b07f02db6a9c9f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hickman, R.E.","contributorId":30230,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hickman","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":180702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":47497,"text":"b1808BD - 1989 - Depositional environments of the Upper Triassic Chinle Formation in the eastern San Juan Basin and vicinity, New Mexico. Trace fossils and mollusks from the upper member of the Wanakah Formation, Chama Basin, New Mexico; evidence for a lacustrine origin.  Stratigraphy, facies, and paleotectonic history of Mississippian rocks in the San Juan Basin of northwestern New Mexico and adjacent areas","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":47497,"text":"b1808BD - 1989 - Depositional environments of the Upper Triassic Chinle Formation in the eastern San Juan Basin and vicinity, New Mexico. Trace fossils and mollusks from the upper member of the Wanakah Formation, Chama Basin, New Mexico; evidence for a lacustrine origin.  Stratigraphy, facies, and paleotectonic history of Mississippian rocks in the San Juan Basin of northwestern New Mexico and adjacent areas","indexId":"b1808BD","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"chapter":"B-D","title":"Depositional environments of the Upper Triassic Chinle Formation in the eastern San Juan Basin and vicinity, New Mexico. Trace fossils and mollusks from the upper member of the Wanakah Formation, Chama Basin, New Mexico; evidence for a lacustrine origin.  Stratigraphy, facies, and paleotectonic history of Mississippian rocks in the San Juan Basin of northwestern New Mexico and adjacent areas"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":33203,"text":"b1808 - 1988 - Evolution of sedimentary basins: San Juan Basin","indexId":"b1808","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"title":"Evolution of sedimentary basins: San Juan Basin"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":33203,"text":"b1808 - 1988 - Evolution of sedimentary basins: San Juan Basin","indexId":"b1808","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"title":"Evolution of sedimentary basins: San Juan Basin"},"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-03T19:09:38.599487","indexId":"b1808BD","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1808","chapter":"B-D","title":"Depositional environments of the Upper Triassic Chinle Formation in the eastern San Juan Basin and vicinity, New Mexico. Trace fossils and mollusks from the upper member of the Wanakah Formation, Chama Basin, New Mexico; evidence for a lacustrine origin.  Stratigraphy, facies, and paleotectonic history of Mississippian rocks in the San Juan Basin of northwestern New Mexico and adjacent areas","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/b1808BD","usgsCitation":"Dubiel, R.F., Ridgley, J.L., Armstrong, A.K., and Holcomb, L.D., 1989, Depositional environments of the Upper Triassic Chinle Formation in the eastern San Juan Basin and vicinity, New Mexico. Trace fossils and mollusks from the upper member of the Wanakah Formation, Chama Basin, New Mexico; evidence for a lacustrine origin.  Stratigraphy, facies, and paleotectonic history of Mississippian rocks in the San Juan Basin of northwestern New Mexico and adjacent areas: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1808, Report: 71 p.; 1 Plate: 55.28 × 35.99 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/b1808BD.","productDescription":"Report: 71 p.; 1 Plate: 55.28 × 35.99 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":247738,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1808b-d/plate-1.pdf","size":"9764","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":84447,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1808b-d/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":401697,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_21950.htm"},{"id":135722,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1808b-d/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"San Juan basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -110,\n              34.3\n            ],\n            [\n              -105,\n              34.3\n            ],\n            [\n              -105,\n              37.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -110,\n              37.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -110,\n              34.3\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab1e4b07f02db66e976","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dubiel, Russell F. 0000-0002-1280-0350 rdubiel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1280-0350","contributorId":1294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dubiel","given":"Russell","email":"rdubiel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":235559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ridgley, Jennie L. ridgley@usgs.gov","contributorId":1248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ridgley","given":"Jennie","email":"ridgley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":235558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Armstrong, Augustus K.","contributorId":68282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Armstrong","given":"Augustus","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":235560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Holcomb, Lee D.","contributorId":94651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holcomb","given":"Lee","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":235561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":45783,"text":"pp1497A - 1989 - Distribution, facies, ages, and proposed tectonic associations of regionally metamorphosed rocks in northern Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-15T11:42:04","indexId":"pp1497A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1497","chapter":"A","title":"Distribution, facies, ages, and proposed tectonic associations of regionally metamorphosed rocks in northern Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>Approximately half of the exposed bedrock in northern Alaska has been regionally metamorphosed. The most widespread metamorphic episode that affected northern Alaska occurred under low-grade, initially high-pressure (blueschist-facies) conditions during Mesozoic time. This episode is thought to have been related to the obduction of one or more oceanic terranes onto the continental margin of North America. Rocks whose metamorphism is considered to have been part of this major episode have an aerial distribution of approximately 10,000 km<sup>2</sup> in the southern Brooks Range, 5,000 km<sup>2</sup> across much of the Seward Peninsula, and 800 km<sup>2</sup> in the Ruby geanticline within the southeastern borderlands of the Yukon-Koyukuk basin. </p><p>In the southern Brooks Range and on the Seward Peninsula, continental rocks experienced a clockwise pressure-temperature path that evolved during Middle Jurassic to late Early Cretaceous time from the low- to high-temperature subfacies of the blueschist facies and, finally, due to decreasing pressure, evolved to the greenschist facies. Metamorphism in the southern Brooks Range was associated with north-vergent compression along a south-dipping subduction zone that emplaced the oceanic rocks of the Angayucham terrane (represented by klippen of ultramafic rocks and prehnite-pumpellyite-facies metabasite, metatuff, metachert, and metasedimentary rocks) onto the continental margin. The present structural and metamorphic relation between the continental blueschistand greenschist-facies rocks and the structurally overlying lower temperature and pressure oceanic prehnite-pumpellyite-facies rocks to the south indicates that postmetamorphic or late metamorphic down-to-the-south, low-angle extensional faulting has dismembered the upper plate and removed much of the section that originally buried the blueschists. </p><p>High-pressure metamorphism on the Seward Peninsula probably had a similar origin to that in the southern Brooks Range, but remnants of the overriding plate have not been identified, and the mechanism (such as left-lateral strike-slip faulting or oroclinal bending) by which the high-pressure rocks in the two areas were separated is not known. A significant difference between the thermal histories of these two metamorphic belts also is enigmatic: low-grade metamorphism on the Seward Peninsula was followed by intermediate-pressure amphibolite-facies and, locally, granulite-facies metamorphism as well as plutonism in mid-Cretaceous time, but no such high-temperature events have been documented within the high-pressure belt of the southern Brooks Range. </p><p>In the Ruby geanticline, glaucophane, attesting to high-pressure metamorphism, is sporadically developed both within the continental rocks of the lower plate and, less commonly, near the base of the overlying oceanic thrust sheets. The direction from which the oceanic rocks were thrust and determination of which oceanic sheets were involved is unclear. </p><p>Although the majority of the metamorphic episodes that affected northern Alaska occurred during the Mesozoic, older episodes have been documented or are suspected in a few areas. Late Proterozoic medium-grade&nbsp;metamorphism has been documented in a small area in the southwestern Brooks Range, Middle to Late Proterozoic or early Paleozoic metamorphism just south of the Ruby geanticline, and middle Paleozoic metamorphism in the eastern Brooks Range. High-temperature, high-pressure metamorphism of klippen in the Yukon-Tanana upland is tentatively considered to have occurred in early Paleozoic time. Metamorphic ages of units in several areas, particularly in the Ruby geanticline and the Yukon-Tanana upland, can be bracketed only between the probable Paleozoic age of their protoliths and the late Early Cretaceous age of postmetamorphic granitoids that intrude them.</p>","largerWorkTitle":"Regionally metamorphosed rocks of Alaska","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","doi":"10.3133/pp1497A","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Alaska Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys","usgsCitation":"Dusel-Bacon, C., Brosge, W.P., Till, A.B., Doyle, E.O., Mayfield, C.F., Reiser, H.N., and Miller, T.P., 1989, Distribution, facies, ages, and proposed tectonic associations of regionally metamorphosed rocks in northern Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1497, Report: iii, p. A1-A44; 2 Plates: 54.06 x 41.26 inches and 54.53 x 35.52 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1497A.","productDescription":"Report: iii, p. 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tmiller@usgs.gov","contributorId":4183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Thomas","email":"tmiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":121,"text":"Alaska Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":232026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":60173,"text":"mf2109 - 1989 - Preliminary surficial geologic map of the Wasatch Fault zone, eastern part of Utah Valley, Utah County and parts of Salt Lake and Juab Counties, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-01T20:44:35.379513","indexId":"mf2109","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2109","title":"Preliminary surficial geologic map of the Wasatch Fault zone, eastern part of Utah Valley, Utah County and parts of Salt Lake and Juab Counties, Utah","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/mf2109","usgsCitation":"Machette, M.N., 1989, Preliminary surficial geologic map of the Wasatch Fault zone, eastern part of Utah Valley, Utah County and parts of Salt Lake and Juab Counties, Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2109, 30 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2109.","productDescription":"30 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":88763,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1989/2109/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":179943,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1989/2109/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":105242,"rank":700,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_5709.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"5709"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","county":"Juab County, Salt Lake County, Utah County","otherGeospatial":"Wasatch fault zone","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -112,\n              39.9583\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.5,\n              39.9583\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.5,\n              40.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -112,\n              40.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -112,\n              39.9583\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aabe4b07f02db669a2d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Machette, M. N.","contributorId":19561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Machette","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":263266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":25518,"text":"wri894104 - 1989 - Geochemistry of soils and shallow ground water, with emphasis on arsenic and selenium, in part of the Garrison Diversion Unit, North Dakota, 1985-87","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-08T12:43:07","indexId":"wri894104","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-4104","title":"Geochemistry of soils and shallow ground water, with emphasis on arsenic and selenium, in part of the Garrison Diversion Unit, North Dakota, 1985-87","docAbstract":"<p>The Garrison Diversion Unit is being constructed to transfer water from the Missouri River (Lake Sakakawea) to areas in east-central and southeastern North Dakota for expanded irrigation of agricultural lands. During initial investigations of irrigation return flows in 1969-76, the potential effects of toxic elements were considered, and the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation concluded these elements would have no adverse effects on streams receiving return flows. After the development of problems associated with selenium in irrigation return flows in the western San Joaquin Valley, Calif., in 1985, the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation initiated additional studies, including an investigation conducted in cooperation with the U.S. Geological Survey, to assist in collecting and evaluating trace-element data. Also, in 1986, with the passage of the Garrison Diversion Unit Reformulation Act, Congress mandated that soil surveys be conducted to determine if there are \"*** soil characteristics which might result in toxic or hazardous irrigation return flows.\"</p><p>In order to address this issue, an investigation was conducted during 1995-87 by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation to determine the occurrence and distribution of arsenic, selenium, and other trace elements in the soils of six potential irrigation areas along the Garrison Diversion Unit route and in the James River basin. A total of 165 soil samples were collected and analyzed for total concentrations of as many as 42 elements, including arsenic and selenium. In addition, 81 of the samples were analyzed for water-extractable concentrations of 14 elements, including arsenic and selenium, to aid in determining the extent to which they might be mobilized by the irrigation water. In a detailed phase of the investigation, 376 water samples were collected in one of the six potential irrigation areas, the west Oakes irrigation area. Most of these samples were analyzed for arsenic, selenium, and as many as 28 other elements.</p><p>Results of the investigation indicate that soils in the potential irrigation areas contain small concentrations of arsenic, selenium, and other trace elements. The geometric mean concentrations of total arsenic and selenium were 4.15 and 0.13 milligrams per kilogram, respectively, which&nbsp;are considerably smaller than those measured in the western San Joaquin Valley, Calif., and soils from other areas in the western United States. Water-extractable concentrations of arsenic and selenium, determined on 1:5 soil to water extractions, generally were less than 10 percent of the total concentrations. The geometric mean water-extractable concentrations for both elements were 0.02 milligram per kilogram or less.</p><p>The median and maximum concentrations of all constituents and properties indicative of irrigation drainage were tens to hundreds of times smaller in the Oakes test area drains than in western San Joaquin Valley drains. The maximum arsenic concentration in ground-water samples was 44 micrograms per liter, and the median concentration was 4 micrograms per liter. The maximum concentration in drain samples was 11 micrograms per liter, and the median concentration was 3 micrograms per liter.</p><p>Only 22 percent of the water samples collected from wells in the Oakes test area contained detectable concentrations (1 microgram per liter or more) of selenium. However, selenium was detected in 63 percent of the samples collected from sites on drains. The greater incidence of detection of selenium in the drain samples is interpreted as an effect of the more oxidizing environment of the drains, which are about 8 feet below land surface near the top of the water table. The median selenium concentration in the drain samples, however, was only 1 microgram per liter, and the maximum concentration in 63 drain samples was 4 micrograms per liter. For comparison, the median selenium concentrations reported for drains in the western San Joaquin Valley, Calif., ranged from 84 to 320 micrograms per liter. Mater from two observation wells had the largest selenium concentrations (8 and 9 micrograms per liter) measured during the investigation. These were the only two samples that exceeded any of the water-quality regulations, standards, or criteria for selenium. </p><p>Mercury and boron were the only other trace elements that exceeded standards and criteria. The median concentration of mercury was less than 0.1 microgram per liter, and the maximum concentration was 0.8 microgram per liter. The chronic freshwater-aquatic-life criterion for mercury (0.012 microgram per liter) is about 10 times less than the laboratory detection limit and is derived from bioconcentration factors based on methylmercury. Two boron samples exceeded the irrigation criteria of 750 micrograms per liter. Comparisons with criteria and standards indicate that the concentrations of trace elements determined in samples from wells and drains in the Oakes test area during this investigation should not adversely affect human and aquatic life or irrigated crops. </p><p>The data collected indicate that the soils and ground water in the Garrison Diversion Unit contain small concentrations of trace elements, including arsenic and selenium. Based on a detailed study of soils and ground water in the west Oakes irrigation area, however, there is no evidence that expanded irrigation will mobilize these elements in concentrations large enough to adversely affect aquatic life in the James River ecosystem, based on current regulations, standards, and criteria. Data are not currently available to make definitive statements about selenium concentrations in ground water in Garrison Diversion Unit irrigation areas other than the west&nbsp;Oakes Irrigation area. Data available on total and water-extractable selenium concentrations in soils t however, indicate that concentrations in ground water would be similar to those determined in the west Oakes irrigation area. Plans have been developed to sample ground water in the additional areas.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri894104","usgsCitation":"Goolsby, D.A., Severson, R.C., Wilson, S., and Webber, K., 1989, Geochemistry of soils and shallow ground water, with emphasis on arsenic and selenium, in part of the Garrison Diversion Unit, North Dakota, 1985-87: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 89-4104, viii, 132 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri894104.","productDescription":"viii, 132 p.","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":122870,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4104/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54235,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4104/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ee4b07f02db6aa69c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goolsby, D. A.","contributorId":50508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goolsby","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Severson, R. C.","contributorId":46498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Severson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wilson, S. A. 0000-0002-9468-0005","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9468-0005","contributorId":23561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"S. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Webber, Kurt","contributorId":15660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webber","given":"Kurt","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
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