{"pageNumber":"3260","pageRowStart":"81475","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184904,"records":[{"id":70180104,"text":"70180104 - 2000 - Monitoring of Lost River and shortnose suckers in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon to identify shoreline spawning sites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-24T12:28:31","indexId":"70180104","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"title":"Monitoring of Lost River and shortnose suckers in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon to identify shoreline spawning sites","docAbstract":"<p>Abstract not available&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Coen, M., and Shively, R., 2000, Monitoring of Lost River and shortnose suckers in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon to identify shoreline spawning sites.","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333811,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"588876dee4b05ccb964bab21","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coen, M.A.","contributorId":178599,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Coen","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shively, R.S.","contributorId":79642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shively","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70180279,"text":"70180279 - 2000 - Atmosphere-water interaction of chloroform, toluene, and MTBE in small perennial urban streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-26T14:07:38","indexId":"70180279","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Atmosphere-water interaction of chloroform, toluene, and MTBE in small perennial urban streams","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Air & Waste Management Association's 93rd annual conference & exhibition","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"language":"English","publisher":"Air & Waste Management Association","issn":"1052-6102 ","usgsCitation":"Bender, D.A., Zogorski, J.S., Luo, W., Pankow, J.F., Majewski, M.S., and Baker, R.J., 2000, Atmosphere-water interaction of chloroform, toluene, and MTBE in small perennial urban streams, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the Air & Waste Management Association's 93rd annual conference & exhibition, v. 93.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":334078,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"93","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"588b1978e4b0ad67323f97fc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bender, David A. 0000-0002-1269-0948 dabender@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1269-0948","contributorId":985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bender","given":"David","email":"dabender@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":661054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zogorski, John S. jszogors@usgs.gov","contributorId":189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zogorski","given":"John","email":"jszogors@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":661055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Luo, Wentai","contributorId":7551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luo","given":"Wentai","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":661056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pankow, James F.","contributorId":72253,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pankow","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":661057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Majewski, Michael S. majewski@usgs.gov","contributorId":440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Majewski","given":"Michael","email":"majewski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":661058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Baker, Ronald J. rbaker@usgs.gov","contributorId":1436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"Ronald","email":"rbaker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":661059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":28120,"text":"wri004051 - 2000 - Hydrogeologic setting and potential for denitrification in ground water, Coastal Plain of southern Maryland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-12T21:46:42.242293","indexId":"wri004051","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-4051","title":"Hydrogeologic setting and potential for denitrification in ground water, Coastal Plain of southern Maryland","docAbstract":"The types and distribution of Coastal Plain sediments in the Patuxent River Basin may contribute to relatively low concentrations of nitrate (typically less than 1 milligram per liter) in stream base flow because of the chemical reduction of dissolved nitrate (denitrification) in ground water. Water chemistry data from synoptic stream base-flow surveys in the Patuxent River Basin show higher dissolved nitrate concentrations in the Piedmont than in the Coastal Plain section of the watershed. Stream base flow reflects closely the chemistry of ground water discharging from the surficial (unconfined) aquifer to the stream. Because land use in the sampled subbasins is virtually the same in each section, differences in the physical and geochemical characteristics of the surficial aquifer may explain the observed differences in water chemistry. One possible cause of lower nitrate concentrations in the Coastal Plain is denitrification within marine sediments that contain chemically reduced compounds. During denitrification, the oxygen atoms on the nitrate (N0<sub>3</sub>-) molecule are transferred to a reduced compound and N gas is produced. Organic carbon and ferrous iron (Fe<sup>2+</sup>), derived from the dissolution of minerals such as pyrite (FeS<sub>2</sub>) and glauconite (an iron aluminosilicate clay), can act as reducing substrates; these reduced chemical species are common in the marine and estuarine deposits in Southern Maryland. The spatial distribution of geologic units and their lithology (sediment type) has been used to create a map of the potential for denitrification of ground water in the surficial aquifer of the Coastal Plain in Southern Maryland.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Society","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri004051","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Maryland Department of the Environment and the  Maryland Department of Natural Resources","usgsCitation":"Krantz, D.E., and Powars, D.S., 2000, Hydrogeologic setting and potential for denitrification in ground water, Coastal Plain of southern Maryland: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2000-4051, iv, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri004051.","productDescription":"iv, 19 p.","numberOfPages":"25","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":41514,"text":"Maryland-Delaware-District of Columbia  Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":423459,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_34360.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":282121,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2000/4051/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":95697,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2000/4051/pdf/wri00-4051.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":282122,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri004051.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -77.5,38 ], [ -77.5,39.5 ], [ -76,39.5 ], [ -76,38 ], [ -77.5,38 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ee4b07f02db6278f2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Krantz, David E.","contributorId":9238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krantz","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Powars, David S. 0000-0002-6787-8964 dspowars@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6787-8964","contributorId":1181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powars","given":"David","email":"dspowars@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":199255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70187686,"text":"70187686 - 2000 - The bedrock geology of Seattle","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-14T09:08:31","indexId":"70187686","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5396,"text":" Northwest Geological Society Field Trip Guidebook Series","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":15}},"seriesNumber":"13","title":"The bedrock geology of Seattle","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.<br data-mce-bogus=\"1\"></p>","language":"English","publisher":" Northwest Geological Society","publisherLocation":"Seattle, WA","usgsCitation":"Haugerud, R., and Haeussler, P.J., 2000, The bedrock geology of Seattle:  Northwest Geological Society Field Trip Guidebook Series 13, 13 p.","productDescription":"13 p.","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341284,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":341283,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.nwgs.org/field_trip_guides/field_trip_guides_removed.htm","text":"Publisher's Website"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","city":"Seattle","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59196ca0e4b044b359e489e8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haugerud, R. A. 0000-0001-7302-4351","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7302-4351","contributorId":42953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haugerud","given":"R. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haeussler, Peter J. 0000-0002-1503-6247 pheuslr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-6247","contributorId":503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeussler","given":"Peter","email":"pheuslr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":44850,"text":"wri994130 - 2000 - VS2DI—A graphical software package for simulating fluid flow and solute or energy transport in variably saturated porous media","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-17T14:55:48.127481","indexId":"wri994130","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-4130","title":"VS2DI—A graphical software package for simulating fluid flow and solute or energy transport in variably saturated porous media","docAbstract":"<p>VS2DI is a graphical software package for simulating flow and transport in variably saturated porous media in one or two dimensions using cartesian or radial coordinate systems. This software package consists of three components: (i) VS2DTI, for simulating fluid flow and solute transport, (ii) VS2DHI, for simulating fluid flow and energy (heat) transport, and (iii) VS2POST, a standalone postprocessor, for viewing results saved from previous simulation runs. Both VS2DTI and VS2DHI combine a graphical user interface with a numerical model to create an integrated, window-based modeling environment. Users can easily specify or change the model domain, hydraulic and transport properties, initial and boundary conditions, grid spacing, and other model parameters. Simulation results can be displayed as contours of pressure head, moisture content, saturation, concentration or temperature, and velocity or flux for each time step, thus creating a simple animation. The numerical models used for flow and transport calculations are the U.S. Geological Survey’s computer models VS2DT (for solute transport) and VS2DH (for energy transport). Although these models are integrated into the software package, their source codes are maintained as individual Fortran programs that can be compiled and run separately from the graphical user interface. This report provides an overview of the features and capabilities of the VS2DI software package. Detailed instructions on how to use the software are provided by on-line help manuals and tutorials that are included in the software.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri994130","usgsCitation":"Hsieh, P.A., Wingle, W., and Healy, R.W., 2000, VS2DI—A graphical software package for simulating fluid flow and solute or energy transport in variably saturated porous media: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4130, Report: iii, 16 p.; Software Release, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994130.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 16 p.; Software Release","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":169070,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4130/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":466643,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4130/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":466644,"rank":3,"type":{"id":35,"text":"Software Release"},"url":"https://www.usgs.gov/software/vs2di-version-13","text":"VS2DI Version 1.3"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a14e4b07f02db602d27","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hsieh, Paul A. 0000-0003-4873-4874 pahsieh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4873-4874","contributorId":1634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hsieh","given":"Paul","email":"pahsieh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":39113,"text":"WMA - Office of Quality Assurance","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":230549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wingle, W.L.","contributorId":42644,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wingle","given":"W.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Healy, Richard W. 0000-0002-0224-1858 rwhealy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0224-1858","contributorId":658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Healy","given":"Richard","email":"rwhealy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":230551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1015050,"text":"1015050 - 2000 - Density and foraging habitat selection of waterbirds breeding in the San Luis Valley of Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-17T11:31:25","indexId":"1015050","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Density and foraging habitat selection of waterbirds breeding in the San Luis Valley of Colorado","docAbstract":"<p>We determined density and foraging habitat selection of American avocet (<i>Recurvirostra americana</i>), killdeer (<i>Charadrius vociferus</i>), Wilson's phalarope (<i>Phalaropus tricolor</i>), cinnamon teal (<i>Anas cyanoptera</i>), gadwall (<i>A. strepera</i>), mallard (<i>A. platyrhynchos</i>), redhead (<i>Aythya americana</i>), and white-faced ibis (<i>Plegadis chihi</i>) during prenesting and nesting on a wetland complex in the San Luis Valley, Colorado from 15 April to 4 July 1995 and 1996. Selection patterns differed among species and between the prenesting and nesting periods for cinnamon teal and redheads. Most species preferred seasonally flooded basins with no emergent vegetation and wetlands with short (&lt;40 cm) emergent vegetation compared to other available habitats. The results suggest that, for each of these species, biologically meaningful differences occur among foraging habitats at the spatial resolution we measured. Because we used water depth to control for differences in habitat availability for individual species, we speculate that differences in food abundance, vegetation structure and composition, and behavioral strategies during the breeding season collectively influence selection of foraging habitats.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3802751","usgsCitation":"Laubhan, M., and Gammonley, J., 2000, Density and foraging habitat selection of waterbirds breeding in the San Luis Valley of Colorado: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 64, no. 3, p. 808-819, https://doi.org/10.2307/3802751.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"808","endPage":"819","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131316,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"64","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab2e4b07f02db66eb8a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Laubhan, M.K.","contributorId":40542,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laubhan","given":"M.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gammonley, J.H.","contributorId":86288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gammonley","given":"J.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70170414,"text":"70170414 - 2000 - Gonadotropin-Releasing hormones in the brain and pituitary of the white sucker","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-19T16:37:04","indexId":"70170414","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1738,"text":"General and Comparative Endocrinology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Gonadotropin-Releasing hormones in the brain and pituitary of the white sucker","docAbstract":"<p><span>The present study investigated&nbsp;</span><a class=\"linkText\" href=\"http://topics.sciencedirect.com/topics/page/Gonadotropin-releasing_hormone\">GnRH</a><span>&nbsp;forms within the brain of a representative of the order Cypriniformes, the white sucker,&nbsp;</span><i>Catostomus commersoni,</i><span>&nbsp;using HPLC, RIA, and</span><a class=\"linkText\" href=\"http://topics.sciencedirect.com/topics/page/Immunocytochemistry\">immunocytochemistry</a><span>. Several&nbsp;</span><a class=\"linkText\" href=\"http://topics.sciencedirect.com/topics/page/Immunoassay\">immunoreactive</a><span>&nbsp;(ir) GnRH forms were identified in the brain of the white sucker by&nbsp;</span><a class=\"linkText\" href=\"http://topics.sciencedirect.com/topics/page/Chromatography\">chromatography</a><span>&nbsp;and&nbsp;</span><a class=\"linkText\" href=\"http://topics.sciencedirect.com/topics/page/Radioimmunoassay\">radioimmunoassay</a><span>, including ir-salmon GnRH, ir-lamprey GnRH-I and -III, and ir-chicken GnRH-II. Results from immunocytochemical studies were consistent with multiple GnRH forms distributed in different patterns, particularly for fibers. Neuronal perikarya containing ir-salmon GnRH and ir-lamprey-like GnRH were found laterally within the&nbsp;</span><a class=\"linkText\" href=\"http://topics.sciencedirect.com/topics/page/Preoptic_area\">preoptic area</a><span>&nbsp;and rostral</span><a class=\"linkText\" href=\"http://topics.sciencedirect.com/topics/page/Hypothalamus\">hypothalamus</a><span>. Cells containing exclusively ir-salmon GnRH appeared slightly more rostrally, but in the same region. Fibers containing ir-salmon GnRH and ir-lamprey-like GnRH were seen throughout the caudal telencephalon and extended into the</span><a class=\"linkText\" href=\"http://topics.sciencedirect.com/topics/page/Diencephalon\">diencephalon</a><span>, toward the&nbsp;</span><a class=\"linkText\" href=\"http://topics.sciencedirect.com/topics/page/Pituitary_gland\">pituitary</a><span>. Fibers containing ir-chicken-II-like GnRH were also seen in the caudal telencephalon, but were concentrated more dorsally in the diencephalon. Within the pituitary, fibers containing ir-salmon GnRH and ir-lamprey-like GnRH entered the&nbsp;</span><a class=\"linkText\" href=\"http://topics.sciencedirect.com/topics/page/Posterior_pituitary\">neurohypophysis</a><span>, but differed in their destinations. Fibers containing ir-salmon GnRH remained within the neurohypophysis, while fibers containing ir-lamprey-like GnRH targeted adenohypophyseal tissue. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that multiple GnRH forms with multiple functions exist within the brain and pituitary of teleosts and provide further evidence of a lamprey-like GnRH within an early evolved teleost species.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1006/gcen.1999.7423","usgsCitation":"Robinson, T.C., Tobet, S.A., Chase, C., Waldron, T., and Sower, S.A., 2000, Gonadotropin-Releasing hormones in the brain and pituitary of the white sucker: General and Comparative Endocrinology, v. 117, no. 3, p. 381-394, https://doi.org/10.1006/gcen.1999.7423.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"381","endPage":"394","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":320208,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"117","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"571756d4e4b0ef3b7caa61bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robinson, T. Craig","contributorId":93266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"Craig","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":627174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tobet, Stuart A.","contributorId":168759,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tobet","given":"Stuart","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":627175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chase, Cindy","contributorId":168760,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chase","given":"Cindy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":627176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Waldron, Travis","contributorId":168761,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Waldron","given":"Travis","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":627177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sower, Stacia A.","contributorId":25109,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sower","given":"Stacia","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":627178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70185292,"text":"70185292 - 2000 - Densities of Barrow's goldeneyes during winter in Prince William Sound, Alaska in relation to habitat, food, and history of oil contamination","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-20T12:51:43","indexId":"70185292","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3731,"text":"Waterbirds","onlineIssn":"19385390","printIssn":"15244695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Densities of Barrow's goldeneyes during winter in Prince William Sound, Alaska in relation to habitat, food, and history of oil contamination","docAbstract":"<p><span>We evaluated variation in densities of Barrow's Goldeneyes (<i>Bucephala islandica</i>) during winter at 214 sites within oiled and unoiled study areas in Prince William Sound, Alaska in relation to physical habitat attributes, prey biomass, and history of habitat contamination by the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill. Using general linear model analyses, we found that goldeneye densities were positively associated with occurrence of a stream within 200 m, lack of exposure to wind and waves, and mixed (versus rocky) substrate. We speculate that these associations relate to habitat profitability via selection of beneficial attributes and avoidance of detrimental features. We also determined that biomass of blue mussels (<i>Mytilus trossulus</i>), the primary prey, was not related to Barrow's Goldeneye densities; we suggest that mussel standing stock exceeds predation demands in our study areas and, thus, does not dictate goldeneye distribution. After accounting for habitat effects, we detected no effect of history of oil contamination on Barrow's Goldeneye densities, suggesting that populations have recovered from the oil spill. Although other studies documented hydrocarbon exposure in Barrow's Goldeneyes through at least 1997, either the level of exposure did not affect populations via reductions in survival, or effects of oil exposure were offset by immigration.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Waterbird Society","doi":"10.2307/1522179","usgsCitation":"Esler, D., Bowman, T.D., O’Clair, C.E., Dean, T.A., and McDonald, L.L., 2000, Densities of Barrow's goldeneyes during winter in Prince William Sound, Alaska in relation to habitat, food, and history of oil contamination: Waterbirds, v. 23, no. 3, p. 423-429, https://doi.org/10.2307/1522179.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"423","endPage":"429","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337853,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Prince William Sound","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -148.282470703125,\n              60.14834108584633\n            ],\n            [\n              -146.97235107421875,\n              60.14834108584633\n            ],\n            [\n              -146.97235107421875,\n              60.593710896628956\n            ],\n            [\n              -148.282470703125,\n              60.593710896628956\n            ],\n            [\n              -148.282470703125,\n              60.14834108584633\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"23","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d0ea1be4b0236b68f67375","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Esler, Daniel 0000-0001-5501-4555 desler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5501-4555","contributorId":5465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esler","given":"Daniel","email":"desler@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":12437,"text":"Simon Fraser University, Centre for Wildlife Ecology","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":685126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bowman, Timothy D.","contributorId":80779,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bowman","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"O’Clair, Charles E.","contributorId":60571,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Clair","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dean, Thomas A.","contributorId":187562,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dean","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McDonald, Lyman L.","contributorId":14939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDonald","given":"Lyman","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70196247,"text":"70196247 - 2000 - Survival and brood rearing ecology of emperor geese","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-28T12:05:37","indexId":"70196247","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":21,"text":"Thesis"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":28,"text":"Thesis"},"title":"Survival and brood rearing ecology of emperor geese","docAbstract":"<p><span>Emperor Geese (<i>Chen canagica</i>) breed on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta in an area inhabited by three other goose species. Whereas populations of other geese increased since the mid 1980s, Emperor Goose numbers remained low. Because survival and habitat selection by broods of Emeperor Geese had not been studied previously and numbers of predatory Glaucous Gulls (<i>Larus hyperboreus</i>) had recently increased, I studied brood rearing ecology of Emperor Geese during 1993-1996 to assess whether this seasonal period could be limiting population growth. Survival of goslings to 30 days varied among years from 0.32 to 0.70 and was primarily influenced by mortality during the first five days after hatch. Other goose species with similar rates of gosling survival are increasing rapidly. Survival of Emperor Goose goslings was lowest in 1994, when unusually heavy rainfall occurred during early brood rearing. Using a long-term data set from Izembek National Wildlife Refuge, sizes of families in fall (n=23 years) were related to rainfall during early brood rearing. Gosling survival was lower and gull disturbance of broods greater in 1993-1994 than in 1995-1996. Although goslings wer commonly consumed by Glaucous Gulls, gull diets during 1993 were similar to those observed in the 1970s. Across a broad scale, broods of Emperor Geese (n=56) strongly selected habitats dominated by<i> Carex subspathaceae, Carex ramenskii</i>, and unvegetated areas interspersed among these forage species, as determined from telemetry. These selected habitats comprised one-third of all available habitat. Habitat selection by the composite goose community (dominated by Cackling Canada Geese [<i>Branta canadensis minima</i>]) was assessed by feces collections and differed substantially from that of Emperor Geese. Broods of Emperor Geese spent more time feeding during 1993-1996 than during an earlier study in 1985-1986. During 1994-1996, feeding rates of gosling and adult females was related more to total goose density than to Emperor Goose density. Although Cackling Canada Geese exhibited strongest selection of other habitats, their greater overall abundance resulted in numerical equivalence to Emperor Geese in habitats preferred by Emperor Geese. Interspecific competition for food has impacted behavior in Emperor Geese, which may impact growth and survival of juvenile geese.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"University of Alaska, Fairbanks","usgsCitation":"Schmutz, J.A., 2000, Survival and brood rearing ecology of emperor geese, 138 p.","productDescription":"138 p.","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352826,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":352825,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11122/4995"}],"publicComments":"PhD Dissertation, University of Alaska - Fairbanks","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5aff104be4b0da30c1bfd27c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmutz, Joel A. 0000-0002-6516-0836 jschmutz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-0836","contributorId":1805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmutz","given":"Joel","email":"jschmutz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":731866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":23547,"text":"ofr99237 - 2000 - Survey of Lake Ontario bottom sediment off Rochester, New York, to define the extent of jettisoned World War II matériel and its potential for sediment contamination","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-17T13:16:08.109442","indexId":"ofr99237","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-237","title":"Survey of Lake Ontario bottom sediment off Rochester, New York, to define the extent of jettisoned World War II matériel and its potential for sediment contamination","docAbstract":"<p>Military-type matériel was recovered from the bottom of Lake Ontario near Rochester, N.Y., during bottom-trawl, fish-stock surveys at depths of 75 to 180 feet each year from 1978 through 1996. The recovered matériel included many shell-detonator nose cones (2 inches in diameter by about 3.5 inches long); several electronic components; one corroded box of detonators; a corrugated container of mercury-filled capsules; and corroded batteries. Most of the recovered matériel has been identified as defective components of shell detonators (proximity-fuze assemblies) that were jettisoned in the lake to protect them from discovery during World War II. </p><p>Side-scan SONAR, metal-detector, and ROV (remotely-operated-vehicle) surveys found no evidence of any large piles of matériel containing potentially hazardous, toxic, or polluting materials within the 17-square-mile study site. Many scattered magnetic anomalies were detected in this area, but chemical analysis of bottom sediment and of zebra- and quagga-mussel (Dreissena spp.) tissue indicate that the concentrations of mercury and other heavy metals are within the previously documented ranges for Lake Ontario sediment. The failure of ROV videos and of SCUBA-diver surveys and probes of the lake bottom to locate any debris indicates that most, if not all, of the debris is scattered and buried under a layer of fine-grained sediment and, possibly, mussels.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr99237","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Kennedy, G., and Kappel, W.M., 2000, Survey of Lake Ontario bottom sediment off Rochester, New York, to define the extent of jettisoned World War II matériel and its potential for sediment contamination: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-237, v, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99237.","productDescription":"v, 23 p.","numberOfPages":"28","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":52834,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0237/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":155809,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0237/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae1e4b07f02db6887c1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kennedy, Gregory","contributorId":28556,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"Gregory","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kappel, William M. 0000-0002-2382-9757 wkappel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2382-9757","contributorId":1074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kappel","given":"William","email":"wkappel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":190295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70023209,"text":"70023209 - 2000 - Distribution of the spotted bat (Euderma maculatum) in Nevada, including notes on reproduction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-10T17:27:29.438515","indexId":"70023209","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3451,"text":"Southwestern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Distribution of the spotted bat (<i>Euderma maculatum</i>) in Nevada, including notes on reproduction","title":"Distribution of the spotted bat (Euderma maculatum) in Nevada, including notes on reproduction","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Southwest Association of Naturalists","doi":"10.2307/3672842","issn":"00384909","usgsCitation":"Geluso, K., 2000, Distribution of the spotted bat (Euderma maculatum) in Nevada, including notes on reproduction: Southwestern Naturalist, v. 45, no. 3, p. 347-352, https://doi.org/10.2307/3672842.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"347","endPage":"352","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":503840,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://zotero.org/groups/5435545/items/LR676W6R","text":"External Repository"},{"id":233523,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-114.042145,40.999926],[-114.043176,40.771675],[-114.043803,40.759205],[-114.043831,40.758666],[-114.043505,40.726292],[-114.045281,40.506586],[-114.045577,40.495801],[-114.045518,40.494474],[-114.045218,40.430282],[-114.045826,40.424823],[-114.046178,40.398313],[-114.046153,40.231971],[-114.046683,40.116931],[-114.046741,40.104231],[-114.046386,40.097896],[-114.046835,40.030131],[-114.046555,39.996899],[-114.047134,39.906037],[-114.047214,39.821024],[-114.047783,39.79416],[-114.047273,39.759413],[-114.047728,39.542742],[-114.047079,39.499943],[-114.049104,39.005509],[-114.048054,38.878693],[-114.048521,38.876197],[-114.049465,38.874949],[-114.049168,38.749951],[-114.049749,38.72921],[-114.049883,38.677365],[-114.050154,38.57292],[-114.049862,38.547764],[-114.049834,38.543784],[-114.050485,38.499955],[-114.050091,38.404673],[-114.05012,38.404536],[-114.049417,38.2647],[-114.050138,38.24996],[-114.049903,38.148601],[-114.050423,37.999961],[-114.049658,37.881368],[-114.049928,37.852508],[-114.049677,37.823645],[-114.048473,37.809861],[-114.049919,37.765586],[-114.051109,37.756276],[-114.05167,37.746958],[-114.051785,37.746249],[-114.051728,37.745997],[-114.052472,37.604776],[-114.052962,37.592783],[-114.052689,37.517859],[-114.052718,37.517264],[-114.052685,37.502513],[-114.052701,37.492014],[-114.052448,37.43144],[-114.051765,37.418083],[-114.051927,37.370734],[-114.051927,37.370459],[-114.0518,37.293548],[-114.0518,37.293044],[-114.051974,37.284511],[-114.051974,37.283848],[-114.051405,37.233854],[-114.051673,37.172368],[-114.052179,37.14711],[-114.051867,37.134292],[-114.052827,37.103961],[-114.051822,37.090976],[-114.051749,37.088434],[-114.0506,37.000396],[-114.049995,36.957769],[-114.050619,36.843141],[-114.050619,36.843128],[-114.050606,36.800184],[-114.050562,36.656259],[-114.050167,36.624978],[-114.04966,36.621113],[-114.048476,36.49998],[-114.046488,36.473449],[-114.045829,36.442973],[-114.045806,36.391071],[-114.047584,36.325573],[-114.046935,36.315449],[-114.048515,36.289598],[-114.048226,36.268874],[-114.047106,36.250591],[-114.046743,36.245246],[-114.046838,36.194069],[-114.060302,36.189363],[-114.068027,36.180663],[-114.088954,36.144381],[-114.09987,36.121654],[-114.103222,36.120176],[-114.111011,36.119875],[-114.120862,36.114596],[-114.123144,36.111576],[-114.123975,36.106515],[-114.123221,36.104746],[-114.117459,36.100893],[-114.114165,36.096982],[-114.114531,36.095217],[-114.136896,36.059467],[-114.138203,36.053161],[-114.137188,36.046785],[-114.138202,36.041284],[-114.148191,36.028013],[-114.151725,36.024563],[-114.15413,36.023862],[-114.166465,36.027738],[-114.176824,36.027651],[-114.19238,36.020993],[-114.21369,36.015613],[-114.233289,36.014289],[-114.238799,36.014561],[-114.252651,36.020193],[-114.263146,36.025937],[-114.266721,36.029238],[-114.270645,36.03572],[-114.280202,36.046362],[-114.314028,36.058165],[-114.315557,36.059494],[-114.316109,36.063109],[-114.314206,36.066619],[-114.307879,36.071291],[-114.305738,36.074882],[-114.30843,36.082443],[-114.328777,36.105501],[-114.337273,36.10802],[-114.363109,36.130246],[-114.372106,36.143114],[-114.405475,36.147371],[-114.412373,36.147254],[-114.41695,36.145761],[-114.427169,36.136305],[-114.446605,36.12597],[-114.448654,36.12641],[-114.453325,36.130726],[-114.458369,36.138586],[-114.463637,36.139695],[-114.470152,36.138801],[-114.487034,36.129396],[-114.49612,36.12785],[-114.502172,36.128796],[-114.504442,36.129741],[-114.505766,36.131444],[-114.506144,36.134659],[-114.505387,36.137496],[-114.50482,36.142414],[-114.504631,36.145629],[-114.506711,36.148277],[-114.511721,36.150956],[-114.545789,36.152248],[-114.572031,36.15161],[-114.597212,36.142103],[-114.608264,36.133949],[-114.616694,36.130101],[-114.621883,36.13213],[-114.627855,36.141012],[-114.631716,36.142306],[-114.65995,36.124145],[-114.66289,36.119932],[-114.666538,36.117343],[-114.709771,36.107742],[-114.717293,36.107686],[-114.736165,36.104367],[-114.747079,36.097005],[-114.753638,36.090705],[-114.755618,36.087166],[-114.755491,36.081601],[-114.754099,36.07944],[-114.743342,36.070535],[-114.736253,36.05847],[-114.736738,36.054349],[-114.740375,36.049258],[-114.740375,36.043682],[-114.740617,36.041015],[-114.739405,36.037863],[-114.734314,36.035681],[-114.730435,36.031317],[-114.729707,36.028166],[-114.731162,36.021862],[-114.740522,36.013336],[-114.742779,36.009963],[-114.743243,36.00653],[-114.743756,35.985095],[-114.740595,35.975656],[-114.729941,35.962183],[-114.728318,35.95629],[-114.731159,35.943916],[-114.729356,35.941413],[-114.715692,35.934709],[-114.707526,35.92806],[-114.708516,35.912313],[-114.700271,35.901772],[-114.68112,35.885364],[-114.679039,35.880046],[-114.677883,35.876346],[-114.67742,35.874728],[-114.678114,35.871953],[-114.679501,35.868023],[-114.68201,35.863284],[-114.697767,35.854844],[-114.699848,35.84837],[-114.699848,35.843283],[-114.69641,35.833784],[-114.69571,35.830601],[-114.70371,35.814585],[-114.70991,35.810185],[-114.71211,35.806185],[-114.69891,35.790185],[-114.701409,35.769086],[-114.695709,35.755986],[-114.697309,35.733686],[-114.705309,35.711587],[-114.705409,35.708287],[-114.701208,35.701187],[-114.694108,35.695187],[-114.683208,35.689387],[-114.680607,35.685488],[-114.682207,35.678188],[-114.690008,35.664688],[-114.689407,35.651412],[-114.677107,35.641489],[-114.658206,35.619089],[-114.653406,35.610789],[-114.654306,35.59759],[-114.659606,35.58749],[-114.665649,35.580428],[-114.666184,35.577576],[-114.663005,35.56369],[-114.662005,35.545491],[-114.660205,35.539291],[-114.657405,35.536391],[-114.656905,35.534391],[-114.658005,35.530491],[-114.663105,35.524491],[-114.673805,35.517891],[-114.677205,35.513491],[-114.679205,35.499992],[-114.677643,35.489742],[-114.672901,35.481708],[-114.666377,35.466856],[-114.6645,35.449497],[-114.662125,35.444241],[-114.652005,35.429165],[-114.627137,35.409504],[-114.611435,35.369056],[-114.604314,35.353584],[-114.595931,35.325234],[-114.597503,35.296954],[-114.587129,35.262376],[-114.583111,35.23809],[-114.583559,35.22993],[-114.579963,35.20964],[-114.574835,35.205898],[-114.572119,35.200591],[-114.569238,35.18348],[-114.569569,35.163053],[-114.572747,35.138725],[-114.578524,35.12875],[-114.58774,35.123729],[-114.59912,35.12105],[-114.619905,35.121632],[-114.629934,35.118272],[-114.644352,35.105904],[-114.646759,35.101872],[-114.642831,35.096503],[-114.622517,35.088703],[-114.613132,35.083097],[-114.604736,35.07483],[-114.602908,35.068588],[-114.603619,35.064226],[-114.606694,35.058941],[-114.627124,35.044721],[-114.632429,35.037586],[-114.636893,35.028367],[-114.638023,35.020556],[-114.636674,35.008807],[-114.633013,35.002085],[-114.804249,35.139689],[-114.80503,35.140284],[-114.925381,35.237039],[-114.92548,35.237054],[-114.942216,35.249994],[-115.043812,35.332012],[-115.098018,35.37499],[-115.102881,35.379371],[-115.125816,35.39694],[-115.145813,35.413182],[-115.146788,35.413662],[-115.160068,35.424129],[-115.160599,35.424313],[-115.225273,35.475907],[-115.271342,35.51266],[-115.303743,35.538207],[-115.388866,35.605171],[-115.391535,35.607271],[-115.393996,35.609344],[-115.404537,35.617605],[-115.406079,35.618613],[-115.412908,35.624981],[-115.500832,35.693382],[-115.625838,35.792013],[-115.627386,35.793846],[-115.647202,35.808995],[-115.647683,35.809358],[-115.64802,35.809629],[-115.669005,35.826515],[-115.689302,35.842003],[-115.750844,35.889287],[-115.845984,35.964207],[-115.852908,35.96966],[-115.892975,35.999967],[-115.912858,36.015359],[-116.093601,36.155805],[-116.097216,36.158346],[-116.250869,36.276979],[-116.375875,36.372562],[-116.38034,36.374955],[-116.488233,36.459097],[-116.500882,36.468223],[-116.541983,36.499952],[-117.000895,36.847694],[-117.066728,36.896354],[-117.131975,36.945777],[-117.166,36.971224],[-117.244917,37.030244],[-117.266046,37.04491],[-117.375905,37.126843],[-117.500117,37.22038],[-117.500909,37.220282],[-117.540885,37.249931],[-117.581418,37.278936],[-117.68061,37.353399],[-117.712358,37.374931],[-117.832726,37.464929],[-117.875927,37.497267],[-117.904625,37.515836],[-117.975776,37.569293],[-118.039849,37.615245],[-118.039798,37.615273],[-118.052189,37.62493],[-118.250947,37.768616],[-118.4278,37.89623],[-118.500958,37.949019],[-118.571958,37.99993],[-118.62159,38.034389],[-118.714312,38.102185],[-118.746598,38.124926],[-118.771867,38.141871],[-118.859087,38.204808],[-118.922518,38.249919],[-118.949673,38.26894],[-119.000975,38.303675],[-119.030078,38.325181],[-119.082358,38.361267],[-119.097161,38.372853],[-119.125982,38.39317],[-119.156983,38.414739],[-119.234966,38.468997],[-119.250988,38.48078],[-119.279262,38.499914],[-119.328411,38.534773],[-119.333423,38.538328],[-119.370117,38.563281],[-119.375994,38.566793],[-119.450623,38.619965],[-119.450612,38.619964],[-119.494022,38.649734],[-119.494183,38.649852],[-119.585437,38.713212],[-119.587066,38.714345],[-119.587679,38.714734],[-119.904315,38.933324],[-120.001014,38.999574],[-120.002461,39.067489],[-120.003402,39.112687],[-120.004504,39.165599],[-120.005746,39.22521],[-120.005743,39.228664],[-120.005142,39.291258],[-120.005414,39.313345],[-120.005413,39.313848],[-120.00532,39.31635],[-120.005316,39.316453],[-120.00471,39.330488],[-120.00443,39.374908],[-120.003117,39.445044],[-120.003116,39.445113],[-120.00174,39.538852],[-120.001319,39.722416],[-120.001319,39.72242],[-120.000502,39.779956],[-120.000607,39.780779],[-119.999733,39.851406],[-119.997634,39.956505],[-119.997291,40.071803],[-119.997175,40.077245],[-119.997234,40.091591],[-119.997124,40.126363],[-119.996183,40.262461],[-119.996182,40.263532],[-119.996155,40.32125],[-119.996155,40.321838],[-119.995926,40.499901],[-119.997533,40.720992],[-119.998479,40.749899],[-119.999231,40.865899],[-119.999232,40.867454],[-119.999358,40.873101],[-119.999866,41.183974],[-119.999471,41.499894],[-119.99828,41.618765],[-119.998855,41.624893],[-119.998287,41.749892],[-119.999276,41.874891],[-119.999168,41.99454],[-119.986678,41.995842],[-119.876054,41.997199],[-119.872929,41.997641],[-119.848907,41.997281],[-119.790087,41.997544],[-119.72573,41.996296],[-119.444598,41.995478],[-119.360177,41.994384],[-119.324181,41.994206],[-119.251033,41.993843],[-119.231876,41.994212],[-119.20828,41.993177],[-119.001022,41.993793],[-118.795612,41.992394],[-118.777228,41.992671],[-118.775869,41.992692],[-118.696409,41.991794],[-118.601806,41.993895],[-118.501002,41.995446],[-118.197189,41.996995],[-117.873467,41.998335],[-117.625973,41.998102],[-117.623731,41.998467],[-117.443062,41.999659],[-117.403613,41.99929],[-117.217551,41.999887],[-117.197798,42.00038],[-117.068613,42.000035],[-117.055402,41.99989],[-117.04891,41.998983],[-117.040906,41.99989],[-117.026222,42.000252],[-117.018294,41.999358],[-117.009255,41.998127],[-116.969156,41.998991],[-116.62677,41.99775],[-116.625947,41.997379],[-116.586937,41.99737],[-116.582217,41.997834],[-116.525319,41.997558],[-116.510452,41.997096],[-116.501741,41.997334],[-116.499777,41.99674],[-116.485823,41.996861],[-116.483094,41.996885],[-116.463528,41.996547],[-116.368478,41.996281],[-116.332763,41.997283],[-116.163931,41.997555],[-116.160833,41.997508],[-116.038602,41.99746],[-116.03857,41.997413],[-116.030754,41.997399],[-116.030758,41.997383],[-116.01896,41.997762],[-116.018945,41.997722],[-116.012219,41.998048],[-116.012212,41.998035],[-115.98688,41.998534],[-115.887612,41.998048],[-115.879596,41.997891],[-115.870181,41.996766],[-115.625914,41.997415],[-115.586849,41.996884],[-115.313877,41.996103],[-115.254333,41.996721],[-115.250795,41.996156],[-115.038256,41.996012],[-115.031783,41.996008],[-114.914187,41.999909],[-114.89921,41.999909],[-114.875877,42.001319],[-114.831077,42.002207],[-114.806384,42.001822],[-114.720715,41.998231],[-114.598267,41.994511],[-114.498259,41.994599],[-114.498243,41.994636],[-114.467581,41.995492],[-114.281855,41.994214],[-114.107428,41.993965],[-114.107259,41.993831],[-114.061763,41.993939],[-114.061774,41.993797],[-114.048257,41.993814],[-114.048246,41.993721],[-114.041723,41.99372],[-114.039648,41.884816],[-114.041107,41.850573],[-114.041152,41.850595],[-114.039901,41.753781],[-114.039968,41.62492],[-114.040437,41.615377],[-114.040942,41.499921],[-114.040231,41.49169],[-114.041396,41.219958],[-114.042553,41.210923],[-114.041447,41.207752],[-114.042145,40.999926]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Nevada\",\"nation\":\"USA  \"}}]}","volume":"45","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0308e4b0c8380cd502ec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Geluso, Keith","contributorId":94637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geluso","given":"Keith","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70022147,"text":"70022147 - 2000 - Lower Mississippian trilobites from southern New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-30T16:31:12.682229","indexId":"70022147","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2412,"text":"Journal of Paleontology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lower Mississippian trilobites from southern New Mexico","docAbstract":"<p>Twenty-three species of trilobites are recognized in the lower Mississippian Caballero and Lake Valley Formations of southern New Mexico. Species exhibit a segregation into shelf and off-shelf faunas, and can be subdivided into three distinct stratigraphic faunas. Species found in the Caballero Formation are similar to those found in the Chouteau Formation of Missouri. A second fauna, comprising species found in the Alamogordo, Nunn, and Tierra Blanca Members of the Lake Valley Formation, is correlated with the Fern Glen and Burlington Formations of Missouri. The third fauna found in the Arcente and Dona Ana Members of the Lake Valley Formation is correlated with the Warsaw and Salem Formations of the United States midcontinent region.</p><div class=\"abstract-content\"><div class=\"abstract\" data-abstract-type=\"normal\"><p>Named species from the Kinderhookian Caballero Formation include:<span>&nbsp;</span><i><span class=\"italic\">Dixiphopyge armata</span></i><span>&nbsp;</span>(Vogdes, 1891),<span>&nbsp;</span><i><span class=\"italic\">Comptonaspis swallowi</span></i><span>&nbsp;</span>(Shumard, 1855),<span>&nbsp;</span><i><span class=\"italic\">Brachymetopus indianwellsensis</span></i><span>&nbsp;</span>new species,<span>&nbsp;</span><i><span class=\"italic\">Ameropiltonia perplexa</span></i><span>&nbsp;</span>new species,<span>&nbsp;</span><i><span class=\"italic\">Griffithidella caballeroensis</span></i><span>&nbsp;</span>new species, and<span>&nbsp;</span><i><span class=\"italic\">Kollarcephalus granatai</span></i><span>&nbsp;</span>new genus and new species. Named species from the Lake Valley Formation include:<span>&nbsp;</span><i><span class=\"italic\">Pudoproetus fernglenensis</span></i><span>&nbsp;</span>(Weller, 1909),<span>&nbsp;</span><i><span class=\"italic\">Breviphillipsia semiteretis</span></i><span>&nbsp;</span>Hessler, 1963,<span>&nbsp;</span><i><span class=\"italic\">Griffithidella doris</span></i><span>&nbsp;</span>(Hall 1860),<span>&nbsp;</span><i><span class=\"italic\">Phillibole planucauda</span></i><span>&nbsp;</span>(Brezinski, 1998),<span>&nbsp;</span><span class=\"italic\">Piltonia carlakertisae</span><span>&nbsp;</span>new species,<span>&nbsp;</span><span class=\"italic\">Australosutura llanoensis</span><span>&nbsp;</span>Brezinski, 1998,<span>&nbsp;</span><span class=\"italic\">Thigriffides triangulatus</span><span>&nbsp;</span>new species,<span>&nbsp;</span><i><span class=\"italic\">Thigriffides</span></i>?<span>&nbsp;</span><i><span class=\"italic\">alamogordoensis</span></i><span>&nbsp;</span>new species,<span>&nbsp;</span><i><span class=\"italic\">Namuropyge newmexicoensis</span></i><span>&nbsp;</span>new species,<span>&nbsp;</span><i><span class=\"italic\">Nunnaspis stitti</span></i><span>&nbsp;</span>new genus and new species,<span>&nbsp;</span><i><span class=\"italic\">Hesslerides arcentensis</span></i><span>&nbsp;</span>new genus and new species, as well as an unnamed species of<span>&nbsp;</span><i><span class=\"italic\">Proetides</span></i><span>&nbsp;</span>Hessler, 1962,<span>&nbsp;</span><i><span class=\"italic\">Namuropyge</span></i><span>&nbsp;</span>Brezinski, 1988, and<span>&nbsp;</span><i><span class=\"italic\">Thigriffides</span></i><span>&nbsp;</span>Hessler, 1965.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1666/0022-3360(2000)074<1043:LMTFSN>2.0.CO;2","issn":"00223360","usgsCitation":"Brezinski, D., 2000, Lower Mississippian trilobites from southern New Mexico: Journal of Paleontology, v. 74, no. 6, p. 1043-1064, https://doi.org/10.1666/0022-3360(2000)074<1043:LMTFSN>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"1043","endPage":"1064","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":230287,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Caballero Formation, Lake Valley Formation","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -106.22131347656249,\n              32.51439400122826\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.2874755859375,\n              32.51439400122826\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.2874755859375,\n              34.14818102254435\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.22131347656249,\n              34.14818102254435\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.22131347656249,\n              32.51439400122826\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -107.90771484375,\n              32.24068253457369\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.3419189453125,\n              32.24068253457369\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.3419189453125,\n              34.00713506435885\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.90771484375,\n              34.00713506435885\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.90771484375,\n              32.24068253457369\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"74","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4a6fe4b0c8380cd68d71","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brezinski, D. K.","contributorId":39010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brezinski","given":"D. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":392534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70023201,"text":"70023201 - 2000 - Stress history and geotechnical properties of sediment from the Cape Fear Diapir, Blake Ridge Diapir, and Blake Ridge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-29T10:35:54","indexId":"70023201","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Stress history and geotechnical properties of sediment from the Cape Fear Diapir, Blake Ridge Diapir, and Blake Ridge","docAbstract":"Geotechnical properties of sediment from Ocean Drilling Program Leg 164 are presented as: (1) normalized shipboard strength ratios from the Cape Fear Diapir, the Blake Ridge Diapir, and the Blake Ridge; and (2) Atterberg limit, vane shear strength, pocket-penetrometer strength, and constant-rate-of-strain consolidation results from Hole 995A, located on the Blake Ridge. This study was conducted to understand the stress history in a region characterized by high sedimentation rates and the presence of gas hydrates. Collectively, the results indicate that sediment from the Blake Ridge exhibits significant underconsolidated behavior, except near the seafloor. At least 10 m of additional overburden was removed by erosion or mass wasting at Hole 993A on the Cape Fear Diapir, compared to nearby sites.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program: Scientific Results","language":"English","issn":"08845891","usgsCitation":"Winters, W., 2000, Stress history and geotechnical properties of sediment from the Cape Fear Diapir, Blake Ridge Diapir, and Blake Ridge, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program: Scientific Results, v. 164, p. 421-429.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"421","endPage":"429","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":233447,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"164","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9b59e4b08c986b31ce07","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Winters, W.J.","contributorId":49796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winters","given":"W.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70022888,"text":"70022888 - 2000 - Sources and yields of dissolved carbon in northern Wisconsin stream catchments with differing amounts of Peatland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-28T14:51:59.004693","indexId":"70022888","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sources and yields of dissolved carbon in northern Wisconsin stream catchments with differing amounts of Peatland","docAbstract":"<p>In five tributary streams (four inflowing and one outflowing) of 1600-ha Trout Lake in northern Wisconsin, USA, we examined factors that can affect the magnitude of stream flow and transport of dissolved organic and inorganic carbon (DOC and DIC) through the streams to the lake. One catchment, the Allequash Creek basin, was investigated in more detail to describe the dynamics of carbon flow and to identify potential carbon sources. Stream flows and carbon loads showed little or no relation to surface-water catchment area. They were more closely related to ground-water watershed area because ground-water discharge, from both local and regional sources, is a major contributor to the hydrologic budgets of these catchments. An important factor in determining carbon influx to the stream is the area of peatland in the catchment. Peatland porewaters contain DOC concentrations up to 40 mg 1<sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>and are a significant potential carbon source. Ground-water discharge and lateral flow through peat are the suspected mechanisms for transport of that carbon to the streams. Carbon and nitrogen isotopes suggested that the sources of DOC in Allequash Creek above Allequash Lake were wetland vegetation and peat and that the sources below Allequash Lake were filamentous algae and wild rice. Catchments with high proportions of peatland, including the Allequash Creek catchment, tended to have elevated DOC loads in outflowing stream water. Respiration and carbon mineralization in lakes within the system tend to produce low DOC and low DOC/DIC in lake outflows, especially at Trout Lake. In Allequash Lake, however, the shallow peat island and vegetation-filled west end were sources of DOC. Despite the vast carbon reservoir in the peatlands, carbon yields were very low in these catchments. Maximum yields were on the order of 2.5 g m<sup>−2</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>y<sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>DOC and 5.5 g m<sup>−2</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>y<sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>DIC. The small yields were attributable to low stream flows due to lack of significant overland runoff and very limited stream channel coverage of the total catchment area.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1672/0277-5212(2000)020[0113:SAYODC]2.0.CO;2","issn":"02775212","usgsCitation":"Elder, J.F., Rybicki, N.B., Carter, V., and Weintraub, V., 2000, Sources and yields of dissolved carbon in northern Wisconsin stream catchments with differing amounts of Peatland: Wetlands, v. 20, no. 1, p. 113-125, https://doi.org/10.1672/0277-5212(2000)020[0113:SAYODC]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"113","endPage":"125","costCenters":[{"id":629,"text":"Water Resources Division","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":233720,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Allequash Lake, Allequash Stream, Big Muskellunge Lake, Crystal Bog, Mann Stream, North Stream, Sparkling Lake, Stevenson Stream, Trout Bog, Trout Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -89.73289489746094,\n              45.97358317988732\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.55608367919922,\n              45.97358317988732\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.55608367919922,\n              46.085852519246025\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.73289489746094,\n              46.085852519246025\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.73289489746094,\n              45.97358317988732\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"20","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9363e4b08c986b31a484","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Elder, John F.","contributorId":23919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elder","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":395291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rybicki, Nancy B. 0000-0002-2205-7927 nrybicki@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2205-7927","contributorId":2142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rybicki","given":"Nancy","email":"nrybicki@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":395293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carter, Virginia","contributorId":12018,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"Virginia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":395292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Weintraub, Victoria","contributorId":99340,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weintraub","given":"Victoria","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":395294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70170404,"text":"70170404 - 2000 - Egg incubation studies provide clues to the future of the once-largest herring stock in Puget Sound","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-19T15:41:57","indexId":"70170404","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3206,"text":"Puget Sound Notes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Egg incubation studies provide clues to the future of the once-largest herring stock in Puget Sound","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available</p>","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Hershberger, P., Kocan, R.M., and Elder, N., 2000, Egg incubation studies provide clues to the future of the once-largest herring stock in Puget Sound: Puget Sound Notes, v. 44, p. 5-9.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"5","endPage":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":320202,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"571756b2e4b0ef3b7caa5fe0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hershberger, P.K. 0000-0002-2261-7760","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2261-7760","contributorId":58818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hershberger","given":"P.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":627101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kocan, R. M.","contributorId":41783,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kocan","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":627102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Elder, N.E.","contributorId":57626,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elder","given":"N.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":627103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1015956,"text":"1015956 - 2000 - Response of hatchling and yearling turtles to thermal gradients: Comparison of Chelydra serpentina and Trachemys scripta","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-21T13:00:16","indexId":"1015956","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2476,"text":"Journal of Thermal Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Response of hatchling and yearling turtles to thermal gradients: Comparison of <i>Chelydra serpentina</i> and <i>Trachemys scripta</i>","title":"Response of hatchling and yearling turtles to thermal gradients: Comparison of Chelydra serpentina and Trachemys scripta","docAbstract":"<p>In laboratory tests, young <i>Chelydra serpentina</i> and <i>Trachemys scripta</i> altered their distribution in the presence of a temperature gradient. Selection of temperatures in the gradient for hatchlings and yearlings showed that body temperatures (<i>T<sub>b</sub></i>s) of <i>C. serpentina</i> were lower than <i>T. scripta</i>, but the difference was insignificant. Relatively low <i>T<sub>b</sub></i>s could allow greater activity range and reduced metabolic maintenance cost for <i>C. serpentina</i>, which seldom leaves water.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0306-4565(99)00027-3","usgsCitation":"Bury, R.B., Nebeker, A., and Adams, M.J., 2000, Response of hatchling and yearling turtles to thermal gradients: Comparison of Chelydra serpentina and Trachemys scripta: Journal of Thermal Biology, v. 25, no. 3, p. 221-225, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0306-4565(99)00027-3.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"221","endPage":"225","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133173,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ee4b07f02db6283b2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bury, R. Bruce buryb@usgs.gov","contributorId":3660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bury","given":"R.","email":"buryb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Bruce","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":323364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nebeker, A.B.","contributorId":10390,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nebeker","given":"A.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Adams, M. J. 0000-0001-8844-042X mjadams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8844-042X","contributorId":3133,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Adams","given":"M.","email":"mjadams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":323362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70162307,"text":"70162307 - 2000 - Determining the size of American alligators using hind-foot track length","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-21T10:42:06","indexId":"70162307","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3139,"text":"Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determining the size of American alligators using hind-foot track length","docAbstract":"<p><span>Size distribution information is useful for crocodilian management, but can be hard to obtain. Indirect and less costly demographic inferences made from track measurements may be valuable for management decisions. We related hind-foot lengths (HF) with total length (TL) to determine if we could indirectly assess alligator size using track length. Regression showed that HF was an excellent predictor (F1,246= 15722.9, R2=0.98, P&lt;0.01) of TL and track length was an exceptional predictor of HF (F1,14=7520.3, R2= 1.00, P&lt;0.01). The correlation between track length and HF length also was significant (N= 15, r=0.99, P &lt;0.01). Thus, alligator size can be accurately estimated from measures of track length at sites where capture and direct measurement is impractical.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies","usgsCitation":"Wilkinson, P.M., and Rice, K.G., 2000, Determining the size of American alligators using hind-foot track length: Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies, v. 54, p. 337-340.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"337","endPage":"340","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314578,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.seafwa.org/html/proceedings/index.php?article=11523&key=2000&page=6#details"},{"id":314579,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"54","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56a20f46e4b0961cf2811bd4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilkinson, Philip M.","contributorId":86001,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilkinson","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rice, Kenneth G. 0000-0001-8282-1088 krice@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8282-1088","contributorId":117,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rice","given":"Kenneth","email":"krice@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":589185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70033610,"text":"70033610 - 2000 - Non-destructive measurement of soil liquefaction density change by crosshole radar tomography, Treasure Island, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-12-03T15:51:14","indexId":"70033610","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"title":"Non-destructive measurement of soil liquefaction density change by crosshole radar tomography, Treasure Island, California","docAbstract":"A ground penetrating radar (GPR) experiment at the Treasure Island Test Site [TILT] was performed to non-destructively image the soil column for changes in density prior to, and following, a liquefaction event. The intervening liquefaction was achieved by controlled blasting. A geotechnical borehole radar technique was used to acquire high-resolution 2-D radar velocity data. This method of non-destructive site characterization uses radar trans-illumination surveys through the soil column and tomographic data manipulation techniques to construct radar velocity tomograms, from which averaged void ratios can be derived at 0.25 - 0.5m pixel footprints. Tomograms of void ratio were constructed through the relation between soil porosity and dielectric constant. Both pre- and post-blast tomograms were collected and indicate that liquefaction related densification occurred at the site. Volumetric strains estimated from the tomograms correlate well with the observed settlement at the site. The 2-D imagery of void ratio can serve as high-resolution data layers for numerical site response analysis.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of Sessions of Geo-Denver 2000 - Computer Simulation of Earthquake Effects, GSP 110","conferenceTitle":"Sessions of Geo-Denver 2000 - Computer Simulation of Earthquake Effects, GSP 110","conferenceLocation":"Denver, CO","language":"English","doi":"10.1061/40523(298)3","isbn":"9780784405239","usgsCitation":"Kayen, R., Barnhardt, W., Ashford, S., and Rollins, K., 2000, Non-destructive measurement of soil liquefaction density change by crosshole radar tomography, Treasure Island, California, v. 298, https://doi.org/10.1061/40523(298)3.","startPage":"52","endPage":"65","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214337,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40523(298)3"},{"id":242056,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"298","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a673be4b0c8380cd7322a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kayen, Robert E. rkayen@usgs.gov","contributorId":2787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kayen","given":"Robert E.","email":"rkayen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":441658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barnhardt, Walter A.","contributorId":80656,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnhardt","given":"Walter A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ashford, Scott","contributorId":51401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ashford","given":"Scott","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rollins, Kyle","contributorId":53614,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rollins","given":"Kyle","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70178135,"text":"70178135 - 2000 - Bird use of stock ponds along the Rio Grande northwest of Laredo, Webb County, Texas, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-03T13:02:41","indexId":"70178135","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Bird use of stock ponds along the Rio Grande northwest of Laredo, Webb County, Texas, USA","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Limnology and aquatic birds: Monitoring, modelling and management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán","publisherLocation":"Mérida, Mexico","usgsCitation":"Woodin, M., Skoruppa, M., and Hickman, G., 2000, Bird use of stock ponds along the Rio Grande northwest of Laredo, Webb County, Texas, USA, chap. <i>of</i> Limnology and aquatic birds: Monitoring, modelling and management, p. 24-27.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"24","endPage":"27","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":330701,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"581c4cc5e4b09688d6e91001","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Comlin, F. A.","contributorId":176636,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Comlin","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652931,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Herrera, J. A.","contributorId":176637,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Herrera","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652932,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ramirez-Ramirez, Javier","contributorId":112724,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramirez-Ramirez","given":"Javier","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652933,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Woodin, M.C.","contributorId":97307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodin","given":"M.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Skoruppa, M.K.","contributorId":39189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skoruppa","given":"M.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hickman, G.C.","contributorId":15823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hickman","given":"G.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70178132,"text":"70178132 - 2000 - Biomonitoring and ecotoxicology: Fish as indicators of pollution-induced stress in aquatic systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-03T12:40:40","indexId":"70178132","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Biomonitoring and ecotoxicology: Fish as indicators of pollution-induced stress in aquatic systems","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"NHBS","usgsCitation":"Cleveland, L., Fairchild, J., and Little, E.E., 2000, Biomonitoring and ecotoxicology: Fish as indicators of pollution-induced stress in aquatic systems, p. 195-232.","productDescription":"38 p.","startPage":"195","endPage":"232","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":330696,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":330695,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.nhbs.com/title/view?tefno=97958"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"581c4cc5e4b09688d6e91006","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Gerhardt, A.","contributorId":113379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gerhardt","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652912,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Cleveland, L.","contributorId":82084,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cleveland","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fairchild, J.F.","contributorId":88891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fairchild","given":"J.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Little, E. E.","contributorId":13187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Little","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":652911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70162303,"text":"70162303 - 2000 - Estimating sighting proportions of American alligator nests during helicopter survey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-19T18:19:38","indexId":"70162303","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3139,"text":"Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating sighting proportions of American alligator nests during helicopter survey","docAbstract":"<p><span>Proportions of American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) nests sighted during aerial survey in Florida were estimated based upon multiple surveys by different observers. We compared sighting proportions across habitats, nesting seasons, and observer experience levels. The mean sighting proportion across all habitats and years was 0.736 (SE=0.024). Survey counts corrected by the mean sighting proportion reliably predicted total nest counts (7?2=0.933). Sighting proportions did not differ by habitat type (P=0.668) or year P=0.328). Experienced observers detected a greater proportion of nests (P&lt;0.0001) than did either less experienced or inexperienced observers. Reliable estimates of nest abundance can be derived from aerial counts of alligator nests when corrected by the appropriate sighting proportion.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Southeaster Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies","usgsCitation":"Rice, K.G., Percival, H.F., and Woodward, A., 2000, Estimating sighting proportions of American alligator nests during helicopter survey: Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies, v. 54, p. 314-321.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"314","endPage":"321","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314573,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":314572,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.seafwa.org/html/proceedings/index.php?article=11472&key=2000&page=5#details"}],"volume":"54","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56a20f47e4b0961cf2811be3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rice, Kenneth G. 0000-0001-8282-1088 krice@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8282-1088","contributorId":117,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rice","given":"Kenneth","email":"krice@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":589167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Percival, H. Franklin percivalf@usgs.gov","contributorId":2424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Percival","given":"H.","email":"percivalf@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Franklin","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":589168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Woodward, Allan R.","contributorId":12751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodward","given":"Allan R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70022520,"text":"70022520 - 2000 - Changes in sea urchins and kelp following a reduction in sea otter density as a result of the Exxon Valdez oil spill","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-28T15:22:10","indexId":"70022520","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2663,"text":"Marine Ecology Progress Series","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Changes in sea urchins and kelp following a reduction in sea otter density as a result of the Exxon Valdez oil spill","docAbstract":"Interactions between sea otters Enhydra lutris, sea urchins Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis, and kelp were investigated following the reduction in sea otter density in Prince William Sound, Alaska, after the Exxon Valdez oil spill in 1989. At northern Knight Island, a heavily oiled portion of the sound, sea otter abundance was reduced by a minimum of 50% by the oil spill, and from 1995 through 1998 remained at an estimated 66% lower than in 1973. Where sea otter densities were reduced, there were proportionally more large sea urchins. However, except in some widely scattered aggregations, both density and biomass of sea urchins were similar in an area of reduced sea otter density compared with an area where sea otters remained about 10 times more abundant. Furthermore, there was no change in kelp abundance in the area of reduced sea otter density. This is in contrast to greatly increased biomass of sea urchins and greatly reduced kelp density observed following an approximate 90% decline in sea otter abundance in the western Aleutian Islands. The variation in community response to a reduction in sea otters may be related to the magnitude of the reduction and the non-linear response by sea urchins to changes in predator abundance. The number of surviving sea otters may have been high enough to suppress sea urchin populations in Prince William Sound, but not in the Aleutians. Alternatively, differences in response may have been due to differences in the frequency or magnitude of sea urchin recruitment. Densities of small sea urchins were much higher in the Aleutian system even prior to the reduction in sea otters, suggesting a higher rate of recruitment.","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research","doi":"10.3354/meps199281","issn":"01718630","usgsCitation":"Dean, T.A., Bodkin, J.L., Jewett, S.C., Monson, D., and Jung, D., 2000, Changes in sea urchins and kelp following a reduction in sea otter density as a result of the Exxon Valdez oil spill: Marine Ecology Progress Series, v. 199, p. 281-291, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps199281.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"281","endPage":"291","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":479218,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/meps199281","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":230686,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"199","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f424e4b0c8380cd4bb7c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dean, Thomas A.","contributorId":187562,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dean","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":393924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bodkin, James L. 0000-0003-1641-4438 jbodkin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1641-4438","contributorId":748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bodkin","given":"James","email":"jbodkin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":393922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jewett, Stephen C.","contributorId":94397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jewett","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":393925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Monson, Daniel H. 0000-0002-4593-5673 dmonson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4593-5673","contributorId":140480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Monson","given":"Daniel H.","email":"dmonson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":393923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jung, D.","contributorId":16608,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jung","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":393921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70022511,"text":"70022511 - 2000 - Atrazine and its metabolites as indicators of stream-aquifer interaction in Kansas, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-16T17:46:03.596512","indexId":"70022511","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2040,"text":"International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Atrazine and its metabolites as indicators of stream-aquifer interaction in Kansas, USA","docAbstract":"A survey of atrazine and its metabolites in Kansas ground water indicated that ground-water quality was impacted by stream-aquifer interaction between rivers in the Kansas River basin and their adjacent alluvial aquifers. Atrazine was detected in 19 of the 78 samples. The most common metabolite, deethylatrazine, was detected in 25 samples, 18 of which also had atrazine. The deethylatrazine/atrazine ratio (DAR) of < 1.0 indicates rapid movement of agricultural chemicals to ground water. In this study, 12 of 18 samples had DAR values < 1.0, suggesting rapid recharge to the aquifers. Hydroxyatrazine is seldom detected in ground water. In this study hydroxyatrazine was detected primarily in wells sited in alluvium of rivers. These rivers contain atrazine in varying concentrations. Results of the study suggest that stream-aquifer interaction is a process contributing to the presence of both atrazine and its metabolites in ground water in these areas.A survey of atrazine and its metabolites in Kansas ground water indicated that ground water quality was impacted by stream-aquifer interaction between rivers in the Kansas River basin and their adjacent alluvial aquifers. Atrazine was detected in 19 of the 78 samples. The most common metabolite, deethylatrazine, was detected in 25 samples, 18 of which also had atrazine. The deethylatrazine/attrazine ratio (DAR) of < 1.0 indicates rapid movement of agricultural chemicals to ground water. In this study, 12 of 18 samples had DAR values < 1.0, suggesting rapid recharge to the aquifers. Hydroxyatrazine is seldom detected in ground water. In this study hydroxyatrazine was detected primarily in wells sited in alluvium of rivers. These rivers contain atrazine in varying concentration. Results of the study suggest that stream-aquifer interaction is a process contributing to the presence of both attrazine and its metabolites in ground water in these areas.","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/03067310008032689","issn":"03067319","usgsCitation":"Townsend, M., and Young, D., 2000, Atrazine and its metabolites as indicators of stream-aquifer interaction in Kansas, USA: International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, v. 78, no. 1, p. 9-23, https://doi.org/10.1080/03067310008032689.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"9","endPage":"23","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":230542,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","otherGeospatial":"Kansas River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -94.59228515625,\n              39.11727568585598\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.8721923828125,\n              40.006579667838636\n            ],\n            [\n              -102.0684814453125,\n              40.019201307686785\n            ],\n            [\n              -102.06298828125,\n              38.54816542304656\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.6142578125,\n              38.47939467327645\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.59228515625,\n              39.11727568585598\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"78","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eecae4b0c8380cd49f7e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Townsend, M.A.","contributorId":88785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Townsend","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":393875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Young, D.P.","contributorId":78112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Young","given":"D.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":393874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70022510,"text":"70022510 - 2000 - The urban environmental gradient: Anthropogenic influences on the spatial and temporal distributions of lead and zinc in sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-06T13:46:17","indexId":"70022510","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The urban environmental gradient: Anthropogenic influences on the spatial and temporal distributions of lead and zinc in sediments","docAbstract":"<p><span mce-data-marked=\"1\">U<span>rban settings are a focal point for environmental contamination due to emissions from industrial and municipal activities and the widespread use of motor vehicles. As part of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program of the U.S. Geological Survey, streambed-sediment and dated reservoir-sediment samples were collected from the Chattahoochee River Basin and analyzed for total lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) concentrations. The sampling transect extends from northern Georgia, through Atlanta, to the Gulf of Mexico and reflects a steep gradient in population density from nearly 1000 people/km</span><sup>2</sup><span> in the Atlanta Metropolitan Area to fewer than 50 people/km</span><sup>2</sup><span> in rural areas of southern Georgia and northern Florida. Correlations among population density, traffic density, and total and anthropogenic Pb and Zn concentrations indicate that population density is strongly related to traffic density and is a predictor of Pb and Zn concentrations in the environment derived from anthropogenic activities. Differences in the distributions of total Pb and Zn concentrations along the urban−suburban−rural gradient from Atlanta to the Florida Panhandle are related to temporal and spatial processes. That is, with the removal of leaded gasoline starting in the late 1970s, peak Pb concentrations have decreased to the present. Conversely, increased vehicular usage has kept Zn concentrations elevated in runoff from population centers, which is reflected in the continued enrichment of Zn in aquatic sediments. Sediments from rural areas also contain elevated concentrations of Zn, possibly in response to substantial power plant emissions for the region, as well as vehicular traffic.</span></span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/es990380s","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Callender, E., and Rice, K.C., 2000, The urban environmental gradient: Anthropogenic influences on the spatial and temporal distributions of lead and zinc in sediments: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 34, no. 2, p. 232-238, https://doi.org/10.1021/es990380s.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"232","endPage":"238","costCenters":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37280,"text":"Virginia and West Virginia Water Science Center ","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":230505,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia, Florida","otherGeospatial":"Chattahoochee River Basin","volume":"34","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1999-12-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb156e4b08c986b3252dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Callender, Edward","contributorId":69535,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Callender","given":"Edward","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":393872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rice, Karen C. 0000-0002-9356-5443 kcrice@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9356-5443","contributorId":1998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rice","given":"Karen","email":"kcrice@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":393873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70022508,"text":"70022508 - 2000 - Origin of the Colorado River experimental flood in Grand Canyon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-16T18:58:41.512577","indexId":"70022508","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1927,"text":"Hydrological Sciences Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Origin of the Colorado River experimental flood in Grand Canyon","docAbstract":"<p>The Colorado River is one of the most highly regulated and extensively utilized rivers in the world. Total reservoir storage is approximately four times the mean annual runoff of −17 × 10<sup>9</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>m<sup>3</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>year<sup>−1</sup>. Reservoir storage and regulation have decreased annual peak discharges and hydroelectric power generation has increased daily flow variability. In recent years, the incidental impacts of this development have become apparent especially along the Colorado River through Grand Canyon National Park downstream from Glen Canyon Dam and caused widespread concern. Since the completion of Glen Canyon Dam, the number and size of sand bars, which are used by recreational river runners and form the habitat for native fishes, have decreased substantially. Following an extensive hydrological and geomorphic investigation, an experimental flood release from the Glen Canyon Dam was proposed to determine whether sand bars would be rebuilt by a relatively brief period of flow substantially greater than the normal operating regime. This proposed release, however, was constrained by the Law of the River, the body of law developed over 70 years to control and distribute Colorado River water, the needs of hydropower users and those dependent upon hydropower revenues, and the physical constraints of the dam itself. A compromise was reached following often difficult negotiations and an experimental flood to rebuild sand bars was released in 1996. This flood, and the process by which it came about, gives hope to resolving the difficult and pervasive problem of allocation of water resources among competing interests.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"IAHS","publisherLocation":"Wallingford, United Kingdom","doi":"10.1080/02626660009492361","issn":"02626667","usgsCitation":"Andrews, E., and Pizzi, L., 2000, Origin of the Colorado River experimental flood in Grand Canyon: Hydrological Sciences Journal, v. 45, no. 4, p. 607-627, https://doi.org/10.1080/02626660009492361.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"607","endPage":"627","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487081,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02626660009492361","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":230466,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Colorado River, Grand Canyon National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -112.67852783203125,\n              36.28634929429456\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.43408203124999,\n              36.109033596783135\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.81060791015624,\n              35.96689214303232\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.70074462890625,\n              36.18665862660454\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.78314208984375,\n              36.491973470593685\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.53570556640624,\n              36.45000844447082\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.67852783203125,\n              36.28634929429456\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"45","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a70fae4b0c8380cd76398","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Andrews, E.D.","contributorId":13922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrews","given":"E.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":393866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pizzi, L.A.","contributorId":6217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pizzi","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":393865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
]}