{"pageNumber":"3264","pageRowStart":"81575","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184904,"records":[{"id":70022842,"text":"70022842 - 2000 - Use of 234U and 238U isotopes to identify fertilizer-derived uranium in the Florida Everglades","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:40","indexId":"70022842","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of 234U and 238U isotopes to identify fertilizer-derived uranium in the Florida Everglades","docAbstract":"Surface water and peat in the northern Everglades have very low natural concentrations of U and are therefore sensitive to the addition of small amounts of U from anthropogenic sources such as fertilizer. Peat samples collected along a nutrient gradient in the northern Everglades have unusually high concentrations of U (> 1 ??g/g, dry basis) and also have a distinctive 234U/238U activity ratio (AR). AR values for U-enriched peat fall in the narrow range of AR values for commercial phosphate fertilizer (1.00 ??0.05) In contrast, AR values for low-U peat from background sites exceed 1.05. The spatial distribution of anomalous U concentration, and of fertilizer-like AR values in peat, parallel a previously documented pattern of P enrichment These results strongly suggest that some of the U in nutrient-impacted peatlands is fertilizer-derived. Agricultural drainage water sampled in the northern Everglades has high concentrations of dissolved U (0.3-2.4 ??g/1) compared to surface water from background sites (<0 1 ??g/1) Measured AR values in drainage water (0.949-0.990) are also permissive of a fertilizer origin for the U and are different from AR values in surface water or peat at background sites (AR > 1.05). Synoptic sampling of surface water along drainage canals indicate that Lake Okeechobee, and some drainage from agricultural fields, are sources of dissolved U, whereas wetlands farther downstream act as sinks for U. Historically cultivated agricultural soft has only a marginally elevated (+0.2 ??g/g) average concentration of U compared to nearby uncultivated soil and incorporates only 20% of the U from an aqueous solution that was slurried with the soil. In contrast, a similar experiment with fresh Everglades peat indicated uptake of 90% of the added U. These experiments support the proposed removal of U from agricultural fields and concentration of U in downstream peatlands. The methodology of this study can be used to describe the behavior of fertilizer-derived U in other low-U environments.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Applied Geochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0883-2927(99)00053-0","issn":"08832927","usgsCitation":"Zielinski, R.A., Simmons, K.R., and Orem, W., 2000, Use of 234U and 238U isotopes to identify fertilizer-derived uranium in the Florida Everglades: Applied Geochemistry, v. 15, no. 3, p. 369-383, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0883-2927(99)00053-0.","startPage":"369","endPage":"383","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208130,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0883-2927(99)00053-0"},{"id":233608,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbe56e4b08c986b329532","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zielinski, R. A. 0000-0002-4047-5129","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4047-5129","contributorId":106930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zielinski","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":395110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Simmons, K. R.","contributorId":68771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simmons","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":395108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Orem, W. H. 0000-0003-4990-0539","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4990-0539","contributorId":93084,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orem","given":"W. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":395109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70022827,"text":"70022827 - 2000 - Connecting with the community: Gone are the days of the stealth researcher","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:05","indexId":"70022827","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1657,"text":"Fisheries","onlineIssn":"1548-8446","printIssn":"0363-2415","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Connecting with the community: Gone are the days of the stealth researcher","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Fisheries","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"03632415","usgsCitation":"Goodwin, K., and Rogers, S., 2000, Connecting with the community: Gone are the days of the stealth researcher: Fisheries, v. 25, no. 2.","startPage":"34","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":233389,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f9cbe4b0c8380cd4d7ac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goodwin, K.R.","contributorId":82500,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goodwin","given":"K.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":395040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rogers, S.O.","contributorId":13409,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rogers","given":"S.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":395039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70022662,"text":"70022662 - 2000 - Environmental contaminants in blood, hair, and tissues of ocelots from the Lower Rio Grande Valley, Texas, 1986-1997","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:08","indexId":"70022662","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1552,"text":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","onlineIssn":"1573-2959","printIssn":"0167-6369","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Environmental contaminants in blood, hair, and tissues of ocelots from the Lower Rio Grande Valley, Texas, 1986-1997","docAbstract":"The ocelot (Felis pardalis) is an endangered neotropical cat distributed within a small range in the Lower Rio Grande Valley (LRGV), in Texas, U.S.A. Studies of the impacts of environmental contaminants in wild cats are few. Approximately one fourth of the estimated population (about 100) of ocelots in the LRGV was sampled to evaluate the impacts of chlorinated pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls, and trace elements on the population. Hair was collected from 32 ocelots trapped between 1986-1992, and blood was collected from 20 ocelots trapped between 1993-1997. A few blood samples were obtained from individuals recaptured two or three times. Tissue samples from 4 road-killed ocelots were also analyzed. DDE, PCBs, and Hg were some of the most common contaminants detected in hair and blood. Mean Hg levels in hair ranged from 0.5 to 1.25 ??g g-1 dw, Se from 1.5 to 3.48 ??g g-1 dw, and Pb from 0.56 to 26.8 ??g g-1 dw. Mean DDE concentrations in plasma ranged from 0.005 ??g g-1 ww to 0.153 ??g g-1 ww, and PCBs ranged from 0.006 ??g g-1 ww to 0.092 ??g g-1 ww. Mean Hg levels in red blood cells ranged from 0.056 ??g g-1 dw to 0.25 ??g g-1 dw. Concentrations of DDE, PCBs, or Hg, did not increase significantly with age, although the highest concentrations of DDE and Hg were found in older animals. Overall, concentrations of DDE, PCBs, and Hg were low and at levels that currently do not pose any threat to health or survival of the ocelot. This is further supported by good reproduction of the ocelot in the LRGV, where adult females averaged about 1.5 kittens/litter. Thus, it seems that the current major threat to recovery of the ocelot in the LRGV may be habitat loss, although potential impacts of new generation pesticides, such as organophosphorus and carbamate insecticides need further study.The ocelot (Felis pardalis) is an endangered neotropical cat distributed within a small range in the Lower Rio Grande Valley (LRGV), in Texas, U.S.A. Studies of the impacts of environmental contaminants in wild cats are few. Approximately one fourth of the estimated population (about 100) of ocelots in the LRGV was sampled to evaluate the impacts of chlorinated pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls, and trace elements on the population. Hair was collected from 32 ocelots trapped between 1986-1992, and blood was collected from 20 ocelots trapped between 1993-1997. A few blood samples were obtained from individuals recaptured two or three times. Tissue samples from 4 road-killed ocelots were also analyzed. DDE, PCBs, and Hg were some of the most common contaminants detected in hair and blood. Mean Hg levels in hair ranged from 0.5 to 1.25 ??g g-1 dw, Se from 1.5 to 3.48 ??g g-1 dw, and Pb from 0.56 to 26.8 ??g g-1 dw. Mean DDE concentrations in plasma ranged from 0.005 ??g g-1 ww to 0.153 ??g g-1 ww, and PCBs ranged from 0.006 ??g g-1 ww to 0.092 ??g g-1 ww. Mean Hg levels in red blood cells ranged from 0.056 ??g g-1 dw to 0.25 ??g g-1 dw. Concentrations of DDE, PCBs, or Hg, did not increase significantly with age, although the highest concentrations of DDE and Hg were found in older animals. Overall, concentrations of DDE, PCBs, and Hg were low and at levels that currently do not pose any threat to health or survival of the ocelot. This is further supported by good reproduction of the ocelot in the LRGV, where adult females averaged about 1.5 kittens/litter. Thus, it seems that the current major threat to recovery of the ocelot in the LRGV may be habitat loss, although potential impacts of new generation pesticides, such as organophosphorus and carbamate insecticides need further study.The impacts of PCBs, trace elements, and chlorinated pesticides on the endangered ocelot population in the Lower Rio Grande Valley, TX, was studied. Hair was sampled from 32 animals trapped during 1986-92 and blood was collected from 20 ocelots trapped during 1993-97. Mean mercury, selenium, and lead levels in hair were in the 0.5-1.25, 1.5-3.48, and 0.56-26.8 ??g/g","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Kluwer Academic Publishers","publisherLocation":"Dordrecht, Netherlands","doi":"10.1023/A:1006233509475","issn":"01676369","usgsCitation":"Mora, M., Laack, L., Clare, L.M., Sericano, J., Presley, R., Gardinali, P., Gamble, L., Robertson, S., and Frank, D., 2000, Environmental contaminants in blood, hair, and tissues of ocelots from the Lower Rio Grande Valley, Texas, 1986-1997: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 64, no. 2, p. 477-492, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006233509475.","startPage":"477","endPage":"492","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208111,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006233509475"},{"id":233563,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"64","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a09afe4b0c8380cd52004","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mora, M.A.","contributorId":71923,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mora","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Laack, L.L.","contributorId":89313,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laack","given":"L.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clare, Lee M.","contributorId":28779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clare","given":"Lee","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sericano, J.","contributorId":20514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sericano","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Presley, R.","contributorId":72983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Presley","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gardinali, P.R.","contributorId":14155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gardinali","given":"P.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Gamble, L.R.","contributorId":72173,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gamble","given":"L.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Robertson, S.","contributorId":34484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robertson","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Frank, D.","contributorId":40768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frank","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70022937,"text":"70022937 - 2000 - Active Fault Near-Source Zones Within and Bordering the State of California for the 1997 Uniform Building Code","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-04T18:08:58.411042","indexId":"70022937","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1436,"text":"Earthquake Spectra","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Active Fault Near-Source Zones Within and Bordering the State of California for the 1997 Uniform Building Code","docAbstract":"

The fault sources in the Project 97 probabilistic seismic hazard maps for the state of California were used to construct maps for defining near-source seismic coefficients, Na and Nv, incorporated in the 1997 Uniform Building Code (ICBO 1997). The near-source factors are based on the distance from a known active fault that is classified as either Type A or Type B. To determine the near-source factor, four pieces of geologic information are required: (1) recognizing a fault and determining whether or not the fault has been active during the Holocene, (2) identifying the location of the fault at or beneath the ground surface, (3) estimating the slip rate of the fault, and (4) estimating the maximum earthquake magnitude for each fault segment. This paper describes the information used to produce the fault classifications and distances.

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A.","contributorId":56255,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bryant","given":"W. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":395533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":1014965,"text":"1014965 - 2000 - Long-term immune dysfunction rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) exposed as embryos to aflatoxin B1","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-29T13:21:03.268558","indexId":"1014965","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1653,"text":"Fish and Shellfish Immunology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Long-term immune dysfunction rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) exposed as embryos to aflatoxin B1","title":"Long-term immune dysfunction rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) exposed as embryos to aflatoxin B1","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","doi":"10.1006/fsim.1999.0227","usgsCitation":"Ottinger, C., and Kaattari, S., 2000, Long-term immune dysfunction rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) exposed as embryos to aflatoxin B1: Fish and Shellfish Immunology, v. 10, no. 1, p. 101-106, https://doi.org/10.1006/fsim.1999.0227.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"101","endPage":"106","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130539,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6de4b07f02db63ee9c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ottinger, C. A. 0000-0003-2551-1985","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2551-1985","contributorId":8796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ottinger","given":"C. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kaattari, S.L.","contributorId":52116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaattari","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70023213,"text":"70023213 - 2000 - Chemical and physical properties affecting strontium distribution coefficients of surficial-sediment samples at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-16T16:37:57.273154","indexId":"70023213","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1539,"text":"Environmental Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chemical and physical properties affecting strontium distribution coefficients of surficial-sediment samples at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, Idaho","docAbstract":"

 The U.S. Geological Survey and Idaho State University, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy, conducted a study to determine strontium distribution coefficients (Kds) of surficial sediments at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL). Batch experiments using synthesized aqueous solutions were used to determine Kds, which describe the distribution of a solute between the solution and solid phase, of 20 surficial-sediment samples from the INEEL. The Kds for the 20 surficial-sediment samples ranged from 36 to 275 ml/g. Many properties of both the synthesized aqueous solutions and sediments used in the experiments also were determined. Solution properties determined were initial and equilibrium concentrations of calcium, magnesium, and strontium, pH and specific conductance, and initial concentrations of potassium and sodium. Sediment properties determined were grain-size distribution, bulk mineralogy, whole-rock major-oxide and strontium and barium concentrations, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area. Solution and sediment properties were correlated with strontium Kds of the 20 surficial sediments using Pearson correlation coefficients. Solution properties with the strongest correlations with strontium Kds were equilibrium pH and equilibrium calcium concentration correlation coefficients, 0.6598 and –0.6518, respectively. Sediment properties with the strongest correlations with strontium Kds were manganese oxide (MnO), BET surface area, and the >4.75-mm-grain-size fraction correlation coefficients, 0.7054, 0.7022, and –0.6660, respectively. Effects of solution properties on strontium Kds were interpreted as being due to competition among similarly charged and sized cations in solution for strontium-sorption sites; effects of sediment properties on strontium Kds were interpreted as being surface-area related. Multivariate analyses of these solution and sediment properties resulted in r2 values of 0.8071 when all five properties were used and 0.8043 when three properties, equilibrium pH, MnO, and BET surface area, were used.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Berlin, Germany","doi":"10.1007/s002540050022","issn":"09430105","usgsCitation":"Liszewski, M.J., Rosentreter, J., Miller, K., and Bartholomay, R.C., 2000, Chemical and physical properties affecting strontium distribution coefficients of surficial-sediment samples at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, Idaho: Environmental Geology, v. 39, no. 3-4, p. 411-426, https://doi.org/10.1007/s002540050022.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"411","endPage":"426","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232393,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Snake River Plain","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -115.543212890625,\n 43.004647127794435\n ],\n [\n -115.93872070312499,\n 43.01268088642034\n ],\n [\n -115.87280273437499,\n 42.02481360781777\n ],\n [\n -114.949951171875,\n 42.04113400940807\n ],\n [\n -114.43359375,\n 42.382894009614034\n ],\n [\n -114.06005859375,\n 42.374778361114195\n ],\n [\n -113.521728515625,\n 42.48830197960227\n ],\n [\n -113.13720703125,\n 42.439674178149424\n ],\n [\n -112.796630859375,\n 42.65820178455667\n ],\n [\n -112.313232421875,\n 42.97250158602597\n ],\n [\n -111.39038085937499,\n 43.092960677116295\n ],\n [\n -111.51123046875,\n 43.31718491566705\n ],\n [\n -111.654052734375,\n 43.667871610117494\n ],\n [\n -111.37939453125,\n 43.78695837311561\n ],\n [\n -111.0498046875,\n 43.76315996157264\n ],\n [\n -111.07177734375,\n 44.67646564865964\n ],\n [\n -111.29150390625,\n 44.66083904265621\n ],\n [\n -111.302490234375,\n 44.52001001133986\n ],\n [\n -112.532958984375,\n 44.465151013519616\n ],\n [\n -112.576904296875,\n 44.268804788566165\n ],\n [\n -112.8515625,\n 43.874138181474734\n ],\n [\n -113.0712890625,\n 43.628123412124616\n ],\n [\n -113.411865234375,\n 43.644025847699496\n ],\n [\n -114.32373046875,\n 42.94838139765314\n ],\n [\n -115.543212890625,\n 43.004647127794435\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"39","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f54fe4b0c8380cd4c17e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Liszewski, M. J.","contributorId":107308,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liszewski","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rosentreter, J.J.","contributorId":24394,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosentreter","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, Karl E.","contributorId":20280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Karl E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bartholomay, R. C.","contributorId":66271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartholomay","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70022724,"text":"70022724 - 2000 - Palaeohydrology, vegetation, and climate since the late Illinois Episode (~130 ka) in south-central Illinois","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:04","indexId":"70022724","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Palaeohydrology, vegetation, and climate since the late Illinois Episode (~130 ka) in south-central Illinois","docAbstract":"Our interpretation of pollen and ostracode successions from four basins in south-central Illinois provides a new synthesis of palaeovegetation, palaeohydrology, and palaeoclimate for the period from the late Illinois Episode (about 130,000 years ago) to near the end of the Wisconsin Episode (about 25,000 years ago). Correlations of pollen biozones between Raymond, Pittsburg, and Bald Knob basins are the basis for identifying the late Illinois glacial, Sangamon interglacial, Wisconsin glacial, and Hudson interglacial episodes. Glacial episodes were identified primarily by the presence of Picea pollen and the ostracode Limnocythere friabilis, whereas interglacial episodes were identified by Quercus pollen and by the ostracodes Candona caudata and Heterocypris punctata. Within interglacial and glacial episodes, pollen and ostracode assemblages varied with changes in moisture balance. Local palaeohydrology was assessed primarily on the basis of environmental tolerance indices of ostracodes and the stable isotope (C,O) stratigraphy of ostracodal calcite. Regional moisture balance was assessed from multivariate analyses of the pollen successions. Three climatic regimes occurred during the Sangamon Episode. (1) One regime was characterised by precipitation exceeding evaporation that promoted basin overflow. This climate was inferred from the high percentages (generally >80%) of deciduous-forest pollen. Peaks in the abundance of Liquidambar and Fagus pollen indicate that winters may have been slightly warmer, and effective moisture slightly greater, than at present. (2) The second climatic regime was continental, similar to the present climate of Illinois in which precipitation is equal to or just less than evaporation. This climate is inferred from abundant Ambrosia pollen (40 to 60%) and abundant nektic (swimming) ostracode valves which suggest a shallow lake. These conditions probably developed in association with a 'heat-low' over the interior of North America during marine oxygen isotope stages 5e and 5c. Associated with the transition between the first two climates are fossils of the subtropical ostracode Heterocypris punctata and the giant tortoise Geochelone crassiscutata that suggest short periods in winter when polar low-pressure systems did not extend into Illinois as they do today. (3) The third climatic regime occurred during the transition from the Sangamon interglacial episode to the Wisconsin glacial episode. A severely continental climate is indicated by the heat-tolerant ostracode Pelocypris tuberculatum, variable ??18O values of ostracode valves, and high environmental tolerance index values for the ostracode assemblages. The weedy Chenopodiaceae and Amaranthaceae families grew on exposed mudflats. The tree pollen associated with this type of climate included low percentages of Picea and Liquidambar, an assemblage that has no modem analogue. We suggest that this transitional climatic regime was associated with the large-scale changes in the climate system during marine oxygen isotope stage 4.","largerWorkTitle":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0031-0182(99)00094-2","issn":"00310182","usgsCitation":"Curry, B.B., and Baker, R.G., 2000, Palaeohydrology, vegetation, and climate since the late Illinois Episode (~130 ka) in south-central Illinois, in Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 155, no. 1-2, p. 59-81, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-0182(99)00094-2.","startPage":"59","endPage":"81","numberOfPages":"23","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208041,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0031-0182(99)00094-2"},{"id":233416,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"155","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a73a5e4b0c8380cd77179","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Curry, B. Brandon","contributorId":104224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Curry","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"Brandon","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baker, R. G.","contributorId":96326,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1014938,"text":"1014938 - 2000 - Ecology of stream fish: Insights gained from an individual-based approach to juvenile Atlantic salmon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-05T16:08:42.237003","indexId":"1014938","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1471,"text":"Ecology of Freshwater Fish","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ecology of stream fish: Insights gained from an individual-based approach to juvenile Atlantic salmon","docAbstract":"

Using data from an ongoing study of juvenile Atlantic salmon growth and survival in tributaries of the Connecticut River, USA, we compare standard population-level approaches to those focusing on individuals. We highlight the potential benefits of resampling individually tagged stream fish as compared to standard approaches. Specifically we focus on growth, survival, movements and population estimation. The advantages of estimating sizes and growth rates from individual size trajectories include obtaining growth histories and the ability to perform retrospective analysis of the consequences of different life-history strategies. An example might be the patterns of growth leading to either early maturity or migration. Resampling known individuals is the only way we know to chart both short-term and long-term movements and to assign growth and mortality consequences to such movements. Finally, individual-level data permit robust estimation of survival and density/abundance using methods such as Cormack/Jolly-Seber. The results indicate that population estimates were about 10% lower using individual data than using population data, that survival from sample to sample was typically >90%, that the majority of recaptured fish did not move during the summer, that growth was rapid during spring and most fish lost mass during the summer and that growth trajectories for maturing and non-maturing fish showed substantially different patterns. An individual-based approach to stream fish ecology provides the opportunity to explore the mechanisms responsible for population-level patterns but comes at the cost of significant field effort. Tradeoffs between increased data resolution and the effort required to obtain the data must be considered before undertaking individual-based field studies of stream fishes.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1034/j.1600-0633.2000.90107.x","usgsCitation":"Juanes, J., Letcher, B., and Gries, G., 2000, Ecology of stream fish: Insights gained from an individual-based approach to juvenile Atlantic salmon: Ecology of Freshwater Fish, v. 9, no. 1-2, p. 65-73, https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0633.2000.90107.x.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"65","endPage":"73","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130892,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Connecticut River Basin, West Brook","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -72.68386244773865,\n 42.437251298306364\n ],\n [\n 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H. 0000-0003-0191-5678","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0191-5678","contributorId":48132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Letcher","given":"B.","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":321590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gries, G.","contributorId":64604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gries","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70022878,"text":"70022878 - 2000 - Manatee mortality in Puerto Rico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:05","indexId":"70022878","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1547,"text":"Environmental Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Manatee mortality in Puerto Rico","docAbstract":"The most pressing problem in the effective management of the West Indian manatee (Trichechus manatus) in Puerto Rico is mortality due to human activities. We assessed 90 cases of manatee strandings in Puerto Rico based on historical data and a coordinated carcass salvage effort from 1990 through 1995. We determined patterns of mortality, including type of event, condition of carcasses, spatial and temporal distribution, gender, size/age class, and the cause of death. The spatial distribution of stranding events was not uniform, with the north, northeast, and south coasts having the highest numbers. Six clusters representing the highest incidence included the areas of Fajardo and Ceiba, Bahia de Jobos, Toa Baja, Guayanilla, Cabo Rojo, and Rio Grande to Luquillo. The number of reported cases has increased at an average rate of 9.6%/yr since 1990. The seasonality of stranding events showed a bimodal pattern, from February through April and in August and September. Most identified causes of death were due to human interaction, especially captures and watercraft collisions. Natural causes usually involved dependent calves. From 1990 through 1995, most deaths were attributed to watercraft collisions. A reduction in anthropogenic mortality of this endangered species can be accomplished only through education and a proactive management and conservation plan that includes law enforcement, mortality assessment, scientific research, rescue and rehabilitation, and inter- and intraagency cooperation.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer-Verlag New York","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, United States","doi":"10.1007/s002679910015","issn":"0364152X","usgsCitation":"Mignucci-Giannoni, A.A., Montoya-Ospina, R.A., Jimenez-Marrero, N., Rodriguez-Lopez, M., Williams, E., and Bonde, R., 2000, Manatee mortality in Puerto Rico: Environmental Management, v. 25, no. 2, p. 189-198, https://doi.org/10.1007/s002679910015.","startPage":"189","endPage":"198","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208117,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002679910015"},{"id":233576,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4ca0e4b0c8380cd69da7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mignucci-Giannoni, A. A.","contributorId":11351,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mignucci-Giannoni","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":395258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Montoya-Ospina, R. A.","contributorId":47930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Montoya-Ospina","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":395261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jimenez-Marrero, N. M.","contributorId":47951,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jimenez-Marrero","given":"N. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":395262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rodriguez-Lopez, M.","contributorId":28044,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodriguez-Lopez","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":395260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Williams, E.H. Jr.","contributorId":17782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"E.H.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":395259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bonde, R. K. 0000-0001-9179-4376","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9179-4376","contributorId":63339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonde","given":"R. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":395263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70022953,"text":"70022953 - 2000 - Effect of stream channel size on the delivery of nitrogen to the Gulf of Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:36","indexId":"70022953","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of stream channel size on the delivery of nitrogen to the Gulf of Mexico","docAbstract":"An increase in the flux of nitrogen from the Mississippi river during the latter half of the twentieth century has caused eutrophication and chronic seasonal hypoxia in the shallow waters of the Louisiana shelf in the northern Gulf of Mexico. This has led to reductions in species diversity, mortality of benthic communities and stress in fishery resources. There is evidence for a predominantly anthropogenic origin of the increased nitrogen flux, but the location of the most significant sources in the Mississippi basin responsible for the delivery of nitrogen to the Gulf of Mexico have not been clearly identified, because the parameters influencing nitrogen-loss rates in rivers are not well known. Here we present an analysis of data from 374 US monitoring stations, including 123 along the six largest tributaries to the Mississippi, that shows a rapid decline in the average first-order rate of nitrogen loss with channel size-from 0.45 day-1 in small streams to 0.005 day-1 in the Mississippi river. Using stream depth as an explanatory variable, our estimates of nitrogen-loss rates agreed with values from earlier studies. We conclude that the proximity of sources to large streams and rivers is an important determinant of nitrogen delivery to the estuary in the Mississippi basin, and possibly also in other large river basins.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Nature","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1038/35001562","issn":"00280836","usgsCitation":"Alexander, R.B., Smith, R.A., and Schwarz, G., 2000, Effect of stream channel size on the delivery of nitrogen to the Gulf of Mexico: Nature, v. 403, no. 6771, p. 758-761, https://doi.org/10.1038/35001562.","startPage":"758","endPage":"761","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208135,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35001562"},{"id":233614,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"403","issue":"6771","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a060de4b0c8380cd510cc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Alexander, R. B.","contributorId":108103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alexander","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":395603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, R. A.","contributorId":60584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":395602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schwarz, G. E. 0000-0002-9239-4566","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9239-4566","contributorId":14852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwarz","given":"G. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":395601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70022694,"text":"70022694 - 2000 - Chronology and geochemistry of late Holocene eolian deposits in the Brandon Sand Hills, Manitoba, Canada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-25T16:25:42","indexId":"70022694","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3217,"text":"Quaternary International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chronology and geochemistry of late Holocene eolian deposits in the Brandon Sand Hills, Manitoba, Canada","docAbstract":"Accelerator mass spectrometry and conventional radiocarbon age determinations of organic matter from paleosols indicate that the Brandon Sand Hills area of southern Manitoba has been subjected to recurrent intervals of eolian activity in the past 5000 years. Although precise regional correlations are precluded by dating uncertainties, periods of most notable paleosol development occurred around 2300 to 2000, 1400 to 1000, and 600 to 500 cal yr BP with eolian activity occurring before and after each of these periods. Episodes of eolian activity may correspond to periods of regional drought, whereas paleosols mark periods of increased moisture availability and stabilization by vegetation. The geochemistry of the eolian sands, paleosols and source sediments indicates that partial leaching of carbonates occurs from pedogenesis during humid climatic phases, and that this is probably the primary mechanism of carbonate depletion of eolian sands in this area. Recent trends in sand dune activity from historic aerial photography and early explorers' accounts indicate that the few active dunes that presently exist have stabilized at a rate of 10-20% per decade, despite several severe droughts in the 20th century. This may be attributed to pre-settlement droughts that were more severe than those in historic times although regional dune stabilization may also be related, in part, to the spread of forest cover in the past few hundred years. Crown copyright (C) 2000 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary International","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S1040-6182(00)00009-4","issn":"10406182","usgsCitation":"Wolfe, S., Muhs, D., David, P., and McGeehin, J., 2000, Chronology and geochemistry of late Holocene eolian deposits in the Brandon Sand Hills, Manitoba, Canada: Quaternary International, v. 67, no. 1, p. 61-74, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1040-6182(00)00009-4.","startPage":"61","endPage":"74","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208094,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1040-6182(00)00009-4"},{"id":233527,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"67","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f5f4e4b0c8380cd4c4f2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wolfe, S.A.","contributorId":91063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolfe","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Muhs, D.R. 0000-0001-7449-251X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7449-251X","contributorId":61460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhs","given":"D.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"David, P.P.","contributorId":76912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"David","given":"P.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McGeehin, J. P. 0000-0002-5320-6091","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5320-6091","contributorId":48593,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGeehin","given":"J. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":1014690,"text":"1014690 - 2000 - Microsatellite DNA markers for the study of Allegheny woodrat (Neotoma magister) populations and cross-species amplification the genus Neotoma","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-18T16:25:38.614602","indexId":"1014690","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2774,"text":"Molecular Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Microsatellite DNA markers for the study of Allegheny woodrat (Neotoma magister) populations and cross-species amplification the genus Neotoma","title":"Microsatellite DNA markers for the study of Allegheny woodrat (Neotoma magister) populations and cross-species amplification the genus Neotoma","docAbstract":"

The Allegheny woodrat (Neotoma magister) is a colony-forming murid rodent inhabiting rock outcrops, cliff and talus slopes, and caves within the Central and Southern Appalachians of North America (Hall 1981). The species is currently considered threatened, endangered, or at risk throughout its range purportedly due to the direct or indirect effects of human-fragmented landscapes. Currently, Allegheny woodrat management units are arbitrarily defined as metapopulations that roughly constitute contiguous rock outcrops interconnected by forested habitat. To strengthen long-term population stability and reduce the need for further protection through the regulatory process, an effective conservation programme for this at-risk species will require unambiguous, objectively defined units of management that discern evolutionarily important lineages (Avise 1994). A prerequisite in the development of management strategies that recognize and maintain significant woodrat lineages is a thorough understanding of the levels of gene exchange among geographically proximate and distal populations. However, no information exists on population structure, levels of gene flow, or relatedness among Allegheny woodrat populations or colonies. As an initial step towards addressing this research need, we have developed a suite of polymorphic microsatellite DNA markers for this species. In this paper, we describe the isolation and characterization of these markers and demonstrate their suitability in amplifying putatively homologous products in seven additional Neotoma species.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1046/j.1365-294x.2000.00915-4.x","usgsCitation":"Castleberry, S., King, T., Wood, P., and Ford, W., 2000, Microsatellite DNA markers for the study of Allegheny woodrat (Neotoma magister) populations and cross-species amplification the genus Neotoma: Molecular Ecology, v. 9, no. 6, p. 817-829, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-294x.2000.00915-4.x.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"817","endPage":"829","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129749,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Appalachian Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.11181640625,\n 38.42777351132902\n ],\n [\n -90.19775390625,\n 35.10193405724606\n ],\n [\n -88.52783203125,\n 32.491230287947594\n ],\n [\n -85.10009765625,\n 32.565333160841035\n ],\n [\n -80.83740234375,\n 34.92197103616377\n ],\n [\n -79.65087890624999,\n 36.54494944148322\n ],\n [\n -77.80517578125,\n 38.85682013474361\n ],\n [\n -79.78271484375,\n 39.14710270770074\n ],\n [\n -82.11181640625,\n 38.42777351132902\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"9","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2001-12-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a57e4b07f02db62e57f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Castleberry, S.B.","contributorId":58975,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Castleberry","given":"S.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"King, T.L.","contributorId":93416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"T.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wood, P.B. 0000-0002-8575-1705","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8575-1705","contributorId":103992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"P.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ford, W.M.","contributorId":50475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ford","given":"W.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70022658,"text":"70022658 - 2000 - Holocene environmental and climatic change in the Northern Great Plains as recorded in the geochemistry of sediments in Pickerel Lake, South Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-25T16:23:54","indexId":"70022658","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3217,"text":"Quaternary International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Holocene environmental and climatic change in the Northern Great Plains as recorded in the geochemistry of sediments in Pickerel Lake, South Dakota","docAbstract":"The sediments in Pickerel Lake, northeastern South Dakota, provide a continuous record of climatic and environmental change for the last 12000 yr. Sediments deposited between 12 and 6 ka (radiocarbon) show extreme variations in composition, oxygen and carbon isotopic composition of bulk carbonate, carbon isotopic composition of organic matter, and magnetic susceptibility. These variations reflect changes in sources of moisture, regional vegetation types, precipitation-evaporation balance, ground- and surface-water influx, water residence time, erosion, lake productivity, water level, and water temperature. The total carbonate content of late Pleistocene sediments steadily increased from <20% at the base of the core to as much as 80% in sediments deposited between 11 and 9 ka. By about 8 ka, the total carbonate content of the sediments had declined to about 40% where it remained with little variation for the past 8 kyr, suggesting relatively stable conditions. There are marked increases in values of ??13C and ??18O in bulk carbonate, and ??13C of organic matter, in sediments deposited between 10 and 6 ka as evaporation increased, and the vegetation in the watershed changed from forest to prairie. This shift toward more 18O-enriched carbonate may also reflect a change in source or seasonality of precipitation. During this early Holocene interval the organic carbon (OC) content of the sediments remained relatively low (2-3%), but then increased rapidly to 4.5% between 7 and 6 ka, reflecting the rapid transition to a prairie lake. The OC content fluctuates slightly between 4 and 6% in sediments deposited over the past 6 kyr. Like OC and total carbonate, most variables measured show little variation in the 13 m of sediment deposited over the past 6 kyr, particularly when compared with early Holocene variations. Although the magnetic susceptibility of this upper 13 m of sediment is generally low (<10 SI units), the upper six meters of the section is marked by striking 1 m cycles (ca. 400-500 yr periodicity) in susceptibility. These cycles are interpreted as being due to variations in the influx of eolian detrital-clastic material. Century-scale cyclic variations in different proxy variables for aridity and eolian activity from sediments deposited over the past 2000 yr in other lakes in the northern Great Plains, as well as in sand dune activity, suggest that aridity cycles were the dominant feature of late Holocene climate of the northern Great Plains. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd and INQUA. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary International","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S1040-6182(00)00004-5","issn":"10406182","usgsCitation":"Dean, W., and Schwalb, A., 2000, Holocene environmental and climatic change in the Northern Great Plains as recorded in the geochemistry of sediments in Pickerel Lake, South Dakota: Quaternary International, v. 67, no. 1, p. 5-20, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1040-6182(00)00004-5.","startPage":"5","endPage":"20","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208075,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1040-6182(00)00004-5"},{"id":233484,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"67","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a31dee4b0c8380cd5e2dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dean, W.E.","contributorId":97099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dean","given":"W.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schwalb, A.","contributorId":31129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwalb","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70022681,"text":"70022681 - 2000 - Development and evaluation of consensus-based sediment quality guidelines for freshwater ecosystems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-10T15:27:27","indexId":"70022681","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Development and evaluation of consensus-based sediment quality guidelines for freshwater ecosystems","docAbstract":"

Numerical sediment quality guidelines (SQGs) for freshwater ecosystems have previously been developed using a variety of approaches. Each approach has certain advantages and limitations which influence their application in the sediment quality assessment process. In an effort to focus on the agreement among these various published SQGs, consensus-based SQGs were developed for 28 chemicals of concern in freshwater sediments (i.e., metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls, and pesticides). For each contaminant of concern, two SQGs were developed from the published SQGs, including a threshold effect concentration (TEC) and a probable effect concentration (PEC). The resultant SQGs for each chemical were evaluated for reliability using matching sediment chemistry and toxicity data from field studies conducted throughout the United States. The results of this evaluation indicated that most of the TECs (i.e., 21 of 28) provide an accurate basis for predicting the absence of sediment toxicity. Similarly, most of the PECs (i.e., 16 of 28) provide an accurate basis for predicting sediment toxicity. Mean PEC quotients were calculated to evaluate the combined effects of multiple contaminants in sediment. Results of the evaluation indicate that the incidence of toxicity is highly correlated to the mean PEC quotient (R2= 0.98 for 347 samples). It was concluded that the consensus-based SQGs provide a reliable basis for assessing sediment quality conditions in freshwater ecosystems.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s002440010075","issn":"00904341","usgsCitation":"MacDonald, D., Ingersoll, C., and Berger, T., 2000, Development and evaluation of consensus-based sediment quality guidelines for freshwater ecosystems: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 39, no. 1, p. 20-31, https://doi.org/10.1007/s002440010075.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"20","endPage":"31","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":233342,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":208001,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002440010075"}],"volume":"39","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0021e4b0c8380cd4f5df","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"MacDonald, D.D.","contributorId":41986,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacDonald","given":"D.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ingersoll, C.G. 0000-0003-4531-5949","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4531-5949","contributorId":56338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingersoll","given":"C.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Berger, T.A.","contributorId":93250,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berger","given":"T.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70022793,"text":"70022793 - 2000 - Reactive uptake of trace metals in the hyporheic zone of a mining- contaminated stream, Pinal Creek, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-03T10:42:26","indexId":"70022793","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reactive uptake of trace metals in the hyporheic zone of a mining- contaminated stream, Pinal Creek, Arizona","docAbstract":"

Significant uptake of dissolved metals occurred by interaction of groundwater and surface water with hyporheic-zone sediments during transport in Pinal Creek, AZ. The extent of trace metal uptake was calculated by mass balance measurements made directly within the hyporheic zone. A conservative solute tracer injected into the stream was used to quantify hydrologic exchange with the stream and groundwater. Fractional reactive uptake of dissolved metals entering the hyporheic zone was determined at 29 sites and averaged 52 ± 25, 27 ± 19, and 36 ± 24% for Co, Ni, and Zn, compared with Mn uptake of 22 ± 19%. First-order rate constants (λh) of metal uptake in the hyporheic zone were determined at seven sites using the exchange rate of water derived from tracer arrival in the streambed. Reaction-time constants (1/λh) averaged 0.41, 0.84, and 0.38 h for Co, Ni, and Zn, respectively, and 1.3 h for Mn. In laboratory experiments with streambed sediments, metal uptake increased with preexisting Mn oxide concentration, supporting our interpretation that Mn oxides in the hyporheic zone enhance trace metal uptake. Reach-scale mass-balance calculations that include groundwater metal inputs indicated that decreases in metal loads ranged from 12 to 68% over the 7-km perennial reach depending on the metal. The decreases in metal loads are attributed to uptake of trace metals by Mn oxides in the hyporheic zone that is enhanced because of ongoing Mn oxide formation. Analysis of dissolved-metal streambed profiles and conservative solute tracers provide a valuable tool for quantifying metal uptake or release in the hyporheic zone of contaminated streams.

","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es990714d","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Fuller, C.C., and Harvey, J., 2000, Reactive uptake of trace metals in the hyporheic zone of a mining- contaminated stream, Pinal Creek, Arizona: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 34, no. 7, p. 1150-1155, https://doi.org/10.1021/es990714d.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1150","endPage":"1155","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":233419,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":208042,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es990714d"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Pinal Creek","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -110.913,33.604 ], [ -110.913,33.615 ], [ -110.906,33.615 ], [ -110.906,33.604 ], [ -110.913,33.604 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"34","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2000-02-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a958ce4b0c8380cd81ab7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fuller, C. C.","contributorId":29858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harvey, J. W. 0000-0002-2654-9873","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2654-9873","contributorId":39725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvey","given":"J. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1014978,"text":"1014978 - 2000 - The use of coded microwire tags mark-recapture studies of juvenile Caribbean spiny lobster, Panulirus argus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-07T17:28:44.162342","indexId":"1014978","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2235,"text":"Journal of Crustacean Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"The use of coded microwire tags mark-recapture studies of juvenile Caribbean spiny lobster, Panulirus argus","title":"The use of coded microwire tags mark-recapture studies of juvenile Caribbean spiny lobster, Panulirus argus","docAbstract":"

To evaluate the suitability of using coded microwire tags (CWTs) to mark early-benthic-stage Caribbean spiny lobster, Panulirus argus, we compared the survival, growth, and feeding of tagged and untagged lobsters held in the laboratory through the first five juvenile molts. We also examined the growth of 65 microwire-tagged lobsters released into the wild as early-benthic-stage juveniles. Tag retention rates of lobsters held in the laboratory were 86% for those tagged as first-stage juveniles and 96% for those tagged as second-stage juveniles; virtually all tag loss was confined to the first post-tag molt. Survival and growth rates of tagged second-stage juveniles in the laboratory did not significantly differ from those of untagged lobsters, but first-stage-tagged juveniles had lower growth rates than untagged lobsters did and a 25% post-tagging mortality rate. The mean growth rate of juveniles released into the wild was 0.82 mm CL/wk, but growth differed by season; no sex- or habitat-specific differences in growth were observed. Data obtained from these recaptured lobsters provide the first detailed estimates of growth of P. argus under natural conditions during the earliest part of their benthic life and illustrate the potential usefulness of coded microwire tags in mark-recapture investigations of juveniles for this and other species.

","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1163/20021975-99990067","usgsCitation":"Sharp, W., Lellis, W., Butler, M., Herrnkind, W., Hunt, J., Pardee-Woodring, M., and Matthews, T., 2000, The use of coded microwire tags mark-recapture studies of juvenile Caribbean spiny lobster, Panulirus argus: Journal of Crustacean Biology, v. 20, no. 3, p. 510-521, https://doi.org/10.1163/20021975-99990067.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"510","endPage":"521","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479351,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1163/20021975-99990067","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":129842,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Florida Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.177978515625,\n 25.21239616785117\n ],\n [\n -81.33453369140625,\n 24.642024357863985\n ],\n [\n -81.2164306640625,\n 24.674474019870782\n ],\n [\n -81.04888916015625,\n 24.72188526321623\n ],\n [\n -80.958251953125,\n 24.746831298412058\n ],\n [\n -80.7879638671875,\n 24.831610355586918\n ],\n [\n -80.76599121093749,\n 24.82911768116273\n ],\n [\n -80.64239501953125,\n 24.9113494218506\n ],\n [\n -80.54351806640625,\n 24.97609949369541\n ],\n [\n -80.37872314453125,\n 25.17014505150313\n ],\n [\n -80.31005859375,\n 25.27450351782018\n ],\n [\n -80.38970947265625,\n 25.30678678767568\n ],\n [\n -80.48583984375,\n 25.23724291667305\n ],\n [\n -80.56549072265625,\n 25.25711665985981\n ],\n [\n -80.694580078125,\n 25.180087808990645\n ],\n [\n -80.73028564453125,\n 25.217365923668318\n ],\n [\n -80.85662841796875,\n 25.227304826281653\n ],\n [\n -80.95001220703125,\n 25.19002975536265\n ],\n [\n -81.05438232421874,\n 25.187544344824484\n ],\n [\n -81.177978515625,\n 25.21239616785117\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"20","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a5fe4b07f02db634a0e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sharp, W.C.","contributorId":42166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sharp","given":"W.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lellis, W.A.","contributorId":67441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lellis","given":"W.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Butler, M.J.","contributorId":83061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butler","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Herrnkind, W.F.","contributorId":94253,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herrnkind","given":"W.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hunt, J.H.","contributorId":31341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Pardee-Woodring, M.","contributorId":85918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pardee-Woodring","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Matthews, T.R.","contributorId":79058,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matthews","given":"T.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":1014979,"text":"1014979 - 2000 - Can Atlantic salmon smolt twice? Endocrine and biochemical changes during smolting","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:20","indexId":"1014979","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Can Atlantic salmon smolt twice? Endocrine and biochemical changes during smolting","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"01-003/TF","usgsCitation":"Shrimpton, J., Bjornsson, B.T., and McCormick, S., 2000, Can Atlantic salmon smolt twice? Endocrine and biochemical changes during smolting: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 57, no. 10, p. 1969-1976.","productDescription":"p. 1969-1976","startPage":"1969","endPage":"1976","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130097,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"57","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a03e4b07f02db5f8228","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shrimpton, J. M.","contributorId":10362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shrimpton","given":"J. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bjornsson, Bjorn Thrandur","contributorId":28928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bjornsson","given":"Bjorn","email":"","middleInitial":"Thrandur","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McCormick, S. D. 0000-0003-0621-6200","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0621-6200","contributorId":20278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCormick","given":"S. D.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":321721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70023216,"text":"70023216 - 2000 - Estimating the variance and integral scale of the transmissivity field using head residual increments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-27T16:49:39","indexId":"70023216","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating the variance and integral scale of the transmissivity field using head residual increments","docAbstract":"

A modification of previously published solutions regarding the spatial variation of hydraulic heads is discussed whereby the semivariogram of increments of head residuals (termed head residual increments HRIs) are related to the variance and integral scale of the transmissivity field. A first‐order solution is developed for the case of a transmissivity field which is isotropic and whose second‐order behavior can be characterized by an exponential covariance structure. The estimates of the variance σY2 and the integral scale λ of the log transmissivity field are then obtained via fitting a theoretical semivariogram for the HRI to its sample semivariogram. This approach is applied to head data sampled from a series of two‐dimensional, simulated aquifers with isotropic, exponential covariance structures and varying degrees of heterogeneity (σY2 = 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 5.0). The results show that this method provided reliable estimates for both λ and σY2 in aquifers with the value of σY2 up to 2.0, but the errors in those estimates were higher for σY2 equal to 5.0. It is also demonstrated through numerical experiments and theoretical arguments that the head residual increments will provide a sample semivariogram with a lower variance than will the use of the head residuals without calculation of increments.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2000WR900015","usgsCitation":"Zheng, L., and Silliman, S.E., 2000, Estimating the variance and integral scale of the transmissivity field using head residual increments: Water Resources Research, v. 36, no. 5, p. 1353-1358, https://doi.org/10.1029/2000WR900015.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1353","endPage":"1358","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487465,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2000wr900015","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":232433,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0b65e4b0c8380cd526da","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zheng, Li","contributorId":200272,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zheng","given":"Li","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Silliman, Stephen E.","contributorId":72130,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Silliman","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70023177,"text":"70023177 - 2000 - High-resolution seismic reflection surveys and modeling across an area of high damage from the 1994 Northridge earthquake, Sherman Oaks, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-12-03T13:59:07","indexId":"70023177","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"High-resolution seismic reflection surveys and modeling across an area of high damage from the 1994 Northridge earthquake, Sherman Oaks, California","docAbstract":"Approximately 3.6 km of P-wave seismic-reflection data were acquired along two orthogonal profiles in Sherman Oaks, California to determine whether shallow (less than 1-km depth) geologic structures contributed to the dramatic localized damage resulting from the 1994 Northridge earthquake. Both lines, one along Matilija Avenue and one along Milbank Street, crossed areas of both high and low damage. We believe these data reveal a geologic structure in the upper 600 m that contributed to the increased earthquake ground shaking in the high-damage areas south of and along the Los Angeles River. Of interest in these data is a reflection interpreted to be from bedrock that can be traced to the north along the Matilija Avenue profile. This reflecting interface, dipping northward at 15°–22°, may be an important impedance boundary because it is the lower boundary of a wedge of overlying low-velocity sediments. The wedge thins and terminates in the area where we interpret down-warped reflections as evidence of a shallow subbasin. The low-velocity subbasin sediments (Vs of 200 m/sec Vp of 500 m/sec) may be up to 150 m thick beneath the channelized Los Angeles River. The area across the subbasin experienced greater earthquake damage from possible geometric focusing effects. Three-dimensional basin effects may be responsible for the variable damage pattern, but from these seismic profiles it is not possible to determine the regional structural trends. Two-dimensional elastic and SH-mode finite-difference modeling of the imaged structural geometry along Matilija Avenue suggests that a peak horizontal-velocity amplification factor of two-and-over can be explained in the high-damage area above the shallow subbasin and sediment wedge. Amplification factors up to 5 were previously observed in aftershock data, at frequencies of 2 to 6 Hz. Amplification in the elastic simulation at the Santa Monica Mountains range-front on the southern end of the Matilija profile, with the geologic layering and geometry interpreted from the seismic data, is also consistent with aftershock observations.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/0119990112","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Stephenson, W.J., Williams, R., Odum, J.K., and Worley, D.M., 2000, High-resolution seismic reflection surveys and modeling across an area of high damage from the 1994 Northridge earthquake, Sherman Oaks, California: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 90, no. 3, p. 643-654, https://doi.org/10.1785/0119990112.","startPage":"643","endPage":"654","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":280158,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0119990112"},{"id":233594,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"90","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a311fe4b0c8380cd5dc53","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stephenson, William J. 0000-0001-8699-0786 wstephens@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8699-0786","contributorId":695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephenson","given":"William","email":"wstephens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":396587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williams, Robert A. rawilliams@usgs.gov","contributorId":1357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Robert A.","email":"rawilliams@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":301,"text":"Geologic Hazards Team","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":396589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Odum, Jack K. 0000-0002-3162-0355","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3162-0355","contributorId":97900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Odum","given":"Jack","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Worley, David M. worley@usgs.gov","contributorId":947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Worley","given":"David","email":"worley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":396588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70022928,"text":"70022928 - 2000 - Leakage of active crater lake brine through the north flank at Rincon de la Vieja volcano, northwest Costa Rica, and implications for crater collapse","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-12-03T09:26:37","indexId":"70022928","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"title":"Leakage of active crater lake brine through the north flank at Rincon de la Vieja volcano, northwest Costa Rica, and implications for crater collapse","docAbstract":"The Active Crater at Rincon de la Vieja volcano, Costa Rica, reaches an elevation of 1750 m and contains a warm, hyper-acidic crater lake that probably formed soon after the eruption of the Rio Blanco tephra deposit approximately 3500 years before present. The Active Crater is buttressed by volcanic ridges and older craters on all sides except the north, which dips steeply toward the Caribbean coastal plains. Acidic, above-ambient-temperature streams are found along the Active Crater's north flank at elevations between 800 and 1000 m. A geochemical survey of thermal and non-thermal waters at Rincon de la Vieja was done in 1989 to determine whether hyper-acidic fluids are leaking from the Active Crater through the north flank, affecting the composition of north-flank streams. Results of the water-chemistry survey reveal that three distinct thermal waters are found on the flanks of Rincon de la Vieja volcano: acid chloride-sulfate (ACS), acid sulfate (AS), and neutral chloride (NC) waters. The most extreme ACS water was collected from the crater lake that fills the Active Crater. Chemical analyses of the lake water reveal a hyper-acidic (pH ~ 0) chloride-sulfate brine with elevated concentrations of calcium, magnesium, aluminum, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, fluorine, and boron. The composition of the brine reflects the combined effects of magmatic degassing from a shallow magma body beneath the Active Crater, dissolution of andesitic volcanic rock, and evaporative concentration of dissolved constituents at above-ambient temperatures. Similar cation and anion enrichments are found in the above-ambient-temperature streams draining the north flank of the Active Crater. The pH of north-flank thermal waters range from 3.6 to 4.1 and chloride:sulfate ratios (1.2-1.4) that are a factor of two greater than that of the lake brine (0.60). The waters have an ACS composition that is quite different from the AS and NC thermal waters that occur along the southern flank of Rincon de la Vieja. The distribution of thermal water types at Rincon de la Vieja strongly indicates that formation of the north-flank ACS waters is not due to mixing of shallow, steam-heated AS water with deep-seated NC water. More likely, hyper-acidic brines formed in the Active Crater area are migrating through permeable zones in the volcanic strata that make up the Active Crater's north flank. Dissolution and shallow subsurface alteration of north-flank volcanoclastic material by interaction with acidic lake brine, particularly in the more permeable tephra units, could weaken the already oversteepened north flank of the Active Crater. Sector collapse of the Active Crater, with or without a volcanic eruption, represents a potential threat to human lives, property, and ecosystems at Rincon de la Vieja volcano.","largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0377-0273(99)00181-X","issn":"03770273","usgsCitation":"Kempter, K., and Rowe, G., 2000, Leakage of active crater lake brine through the north flank at Rincon de la Vieja volcano, northwest Costa Rica, and implications for crater collapse, v. 97, no. 1-4, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-0273(99)00181-X.","startPage":"143","endPage":"159","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208231,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0377-0273(99)00181-X"},{"id":233834,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"97","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a45eee4b0c8380cd6752f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kempter, K.A.","contributorId":37121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kempter","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":395447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rowe, G.L.","contributorId":23978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowe","given":"G.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":395446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70022880,"text":"70022880 - 2000 - Nitrite fixation by humic substances: Nitrogen-15 nuclear magnetic resonance evidence for potential intermediates in chemodenitrification","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-12T08:02:56","indexId":"70022880","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3420,"text":"Soil Science Society of America Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nitrite fixation by humic substances: Nitrogen-15 nuclear magnetic resonance evidence for potential intermediates in chemodenitrification","docAbstract":"

Studies have suggested that NO− 2, produced during nitrification and denitrification, can become incorporated into soil organic matter and, in one of the processes associated with chemodenitrification, react with organic matter to form trace N gases, including N2O. To gain an understanding of the nitrosation chemistry on a molecular level, soil and aquatic humic substances were reacted with 15N-labeled NaNO2, and analyzed by liquid phase 15N and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The International Humic Substances Society (IHSS) Pahokee peat and peat humic acid were also reacted with Na15NO2 and analyzed by solid-state 15N NMR. In Suwannee River, Armadale, and Laurentian fulvic acids, phenolic rings and activated methylene groups underwent nitrosation to form nitrosophenols (quinone monoximes) and ketoximes, respectively. The oximes underwent Beckmann rearrangements to 2° amides, and Beckmann fragmentations to nitriles. The nitriles in turn underwent hydrolysis to 1° amides. Peaks tentatively identified as imine, indophenol, or azoxybenzene nitrogens were clearly present in spectra of samples nitrosated at pH 6 but diminished at pH 3. The 15N NMR spectrum of the peat humic acid exhibited peaks corresponding with N-nitroso groups in addition to nitrosophenols, ketoximes, and secondary Beckmann reaction products. Formation of N-nitroso groups was more significant in the whole peat compared with the peat humic acid. Carbon-13 NMR analyses also indicated the occurrence of nitrosative demethoxylation in peat and soil humic acids. Reaction of 15N-NH3 fixated fulvic acid with unlabeled NO− 2 resulted in nitrosative deamination of aminohydroquinone N, suggesting a previously unrecognized pathway for production of N2 gas in soils fertilized with NH3

","language":"English","publisher":"Soil Science Society of America","doi":"10.2136/sssaj2000.642568x","issn":"03615995","usgsCitation":"Thorn, K.A., and Mikita, M., 2000, Nitrite fixation by humic substances: Nitrogen-15 nuclear magnetic resonance evidence for potential intermediates in chemodenitrification: Soil Science Society of America Journal, v. 64, no. 2, p. 568-582, https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2000.642568x.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"568","endPage":"582","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":233610,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"64","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a66b9e4b0c8380cd72f53","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thorn, K. A.","contributorId":33294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thorn","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":395269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mikita, M.A.","contributorId":20081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mikita","given":"M.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":395268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70023134,"text":"70023134 - 2000 - Detection of gas hydrate with downhole logs and assessment of gas hydrate concentrations (saturations) and gas volumes on the Blake Ridge with electrical resistivity log data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:07","indexId":"70023134","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Detection of gas hydrate with downhole logs and assessment of gas hydrate concentrations (saturations) and gas volumes on the Blake Ridge with electrical resistivity log data","docAbstract":"Let 164 of the Ocean Drilling Program was designed to investigate the occurrence of gas hydrate in the sedimentary section beneath the Blake Ridge on the southeastern continental margin of North America. Site 994, and 997 were drilled on the Blake Ridge to refine our understanding of the in situ characteristics of natural gas hydrate. Because gas hydrate is unstable at surface pressure and temperature conditions, a major emphasis was placed on the downhole logging program to determine the in situ physical properties of the gas hydrate-bearing sediments. Downhole logging tool strings deployed on Leg 164 included the Schlumberger quad-combination tool (NGT, LSS/SDT, DIT, CNT-G, HLDT), the Formation MicroScanner (FMS), and the Geochemical Combination Tool (GST). Electrical resistivity (DIT) and acoustic transit-time (LSS/SDT) downhole logs from Sites 994, 995, and 997 indicate the presence of gas hydrate in the depth interval between 185 and 450 mbsf on the Blake Ridge. Electrical resistivity log calculations suggest that the gas hydrate-bearing sedimentary section on the Blake Ridge may contain between 2 and 11 percent bulk volume (vol%) gas hydrate. We have determined that the log-inferred gas hydrates and underlying free-gas accumulations on the Blake Ridge may contain as much as 57 trillion m3 of gas.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program: Scientific Results","language":"English","issn":"08845891","usgsCitation":"Collett, T.S., and Ladd, J., 2000, Detection of gas hydrate with downhole logs and assessment of gas hydrate concentrations (saturations) and gas volumes on the Blake Ridge with electrical resistivity log data, in Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program: Scientific Results, v. 164, p. 179-191.","startPage":"179","endPage":"191","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":233554,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"164","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ff75e4b0c8380cd4f1d4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Collett, T. S. 0000-0002-7598-4708","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-4708","contributorId":86342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collett","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ladd, J.","contributorId":83710,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ladd","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1014945,"text":"1014945 - 2000 - Mitochondrial DNA diversity North American and European Atlantic salmon with emphasis on the downeast rivers of Maine","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-07T16:31:03.771993","indexId":"1014945","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2285,"text":"Journal of Fish Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mitochondrial DNA diversity North American and European Atlantic salmon with emphasis on the downeast rivers of Maine","docAbstract":"

The displacement loop and NADH-1 dehydrogenase regions of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) were amplified by the polymerase chain reaction in 954 Atlantic salmon and digested with 40 restriction endonucleases. Variation was detected with 10 enzymes, resulting in 21 composite haplotypes which were strongly patterned geographically with a major discontinuity observed between most North American (NA) and European salmon. Significant heterogeneity of haplotype frequencies was found within and among all classification levels (continent, country, and river). Haplotype frequencies were significantly different across continents, within European samples, within NA samples, within Canadian samples, within wild Maine samples, within captive Maine strains, and between captive and wild Maine strains. Nine haplotypes occurred only in NA, seven in Maine, three only in Maine, and 11 occurred only in Europe. Some Maine rivers had only a single haplotype, suggesting that effective population sizes may be low. The second most frequent European haplotype occurred in tributaries to one Newfoundland river. Gene trees based on parsimony and genetic distance suggest that the haplotypes are monophyletic within each continent, and that the haplotype found on both continents is intermediate between those of Europe and NA, suggesting common ancestry of all haplotypes.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1095-8649.2000.tb00264.x","usgsCitation":"King, T., Spidle, A., Eackles, M., Lubinski, B., and Schill, W.B., 2000, Mitochondrial DNA diversity North American and European Atlantic salmon with emphasis on the downeast rivers of Maine: Journal of Fish Biology, v. 57, no. 3, p. 614-630, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2000.tb00264.x.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"614","endPage":"630","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130069,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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B.A.","contributorId":58598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lubinski","given":"B.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schill, W. B.","contributorId":60146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schill","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":1014958,"text":"1014958 - 2000 - Rapid activation of gill Na+, K+-ATPase the euryhaline teleost Fundulus heteroclitus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-07T16:39:14.59832","indexId":"1014958","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2278,"text":"Journal of Experimental Zoology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Rapid activation of gill Na+, K+-ATPase the euryhaline teleost Fundulus heteroclitus","title":"Rapid activation of gill Na+, K+-ATPase the euryhaline teleost Fundulus heteroclitus","docAbstract":"

The rapid activation of gill Na+,K+-ATPase was analyzed in the mummichog (Fundulus heteroclitus) and Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) transferred from low salinity (0.1 ppt) to high salinity (25–35 ppt). In parr and presmolt, Salmo salar gill Na+,K+-ATPase activity started to increase 3 days after transfer. Exposure of Fundulus heteroclitus to 35 ppt seawater (SW) induced a rise in gill Na+,K+-ATPase activity 3 hr after transfer. After 12 hr, the values dropped to initial levels but showed a second significant increase 3 days after transfer. The absence of detergent in the enzyme assay resulted in lower values of gill Na+,K+-ATPase, and the rapid increase after transfer to SW was not observed. Na+,K+-ATPase activity of gill filaments in vitro for 3 hr increased proportionally to the osmolality of the culture medium (600 mosm/kg > 500 mosm/kg > 300 mosm/kg). Osmolality of 800 mosm/kg resulted in lower gill Na+,K+-ATPase activity relative to 600 mosm/kg. Increasing medium osmolality to 600 mosm/kg with mannitol also increased gill Na+,K+-ATPase. Cycloheximide inhibited the increase in gill Na+,K+-ATPase activity observed in hyperosmotic medium in a dose-dependent manner (10–4 M > 10–5 M > 10–6 M). Actinomycin D or bumetanide in the culture (doses of 10–4 M, 10–5 M, and 10–6 M) did not affect gill Na+,K+-ATPase. Injection of fish with actinomycin D prior to gill organ culture, however, prevented the increase in gill Na+,K+-ATPase activity in hyperosmotic media. The results show a very rapid and transitory increase in gill Na+,K+-ATPase activity in the first hours after the transfer of Fundulus heteroclitus to SW that is dependent on translational and transcriptional processes.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/1097-010X(20000901)287:4<263::AID-JEZ1>3.0.CO;2-I","usgsCitation":"Mancera, J.M., and McCormick, S., 2000, Rapid activation of gill Na+, K+-ATPase the euryhaline teleost Fundulus heteroclitus: Journal of Experimental Zoology, v. 287, p. 263-274, https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-010X(20000901)287:4<263::AID-JEZ1>3.0.CO;2-I.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"263","endPage":"274","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131407,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"287","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db649493","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mancera, J. M.","contributorId":7236,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mancera","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCormick, S. D. 0000-0003-0621-6200","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0621-6200","contributorId":20278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCormick","given":"S. D.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":321653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":95312,"text":"95312 - 2000 - Cancer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:03:55","indexId":"95312","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Cancer","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"The Laboratory Fish","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"language":"English","publisher":"Academic Press","publisherLocation":"San Diego, CA","collaboration":"01-012/FH","usgsCitation":"Baumann, P.C., and Okihiro, M., 2000, Cancer, chap. of The Laboratory Fish, p. 591-616.","productDescription":"p. 591-616","startPage":"591","endPage":"616","numberOfPages":"26","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":127547,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fee4b07f02db5f6db1","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Ostrander, G.K.","contributorId":12328,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ostrander","given":"G.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":505520,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Baumann, P. C.","contributorId":43297,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baumann","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":298864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Okihiro, M.S.","contributorId":28551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Okihiro","given":"M.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":298863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}