The metapopulation viability analysis package, VORTEX, was used to examine viability and recovery objectives for piping plovers Charadrius melodus, an endangered shorebird that breeds in three distinct regions of North America. Baseline models indicate that while Atlantic Coast populations, under current management practices, are at little risk of near-term extinction, Great Plains and Great Lakes populations require 36% higher mean fecundity for a significant probability of persisting for the next 100 years. Metapopulation structure (i.e. the delineation of populations within the metapopulation) and interpopulation dispersal rates had varying effects on model results; however, spatially-structured metapopulations exhibited lower viability than that reported for single-population models. The models were most sensitive to variation in survivorship; hence, additional mortality data will improve their accuracy. With this information, such models become useful tools in identifying successful management objectives; and sensitivity analyses, even in the absence of some data, may indicate which options are likely to be most effective. Metapopulation viability models are best suited for developing conservation strategies for achieving recovery objectives based on maintaining an externally derived, target population size and structure.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0006-3207(99)00050-6","usgsCitation":"Plissner, J.H., and Haig, S.M., 2000, Viability of piping plover Charadrius melodus metapopulations: Biological Conservation, v. 92, no. 2, p. 163-173, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-3207(99)00050-6.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"163","endPage":"173","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131667,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.78515624999999,\n 37.16031654673677\n ],\n [\n -84.990234375,\n 37.16031654673677\n ],\n [\n -84.990234375,\n 53.12040528310657\n ],\n [\n -114.78515624999999,\n 53.12040528310657\n ],\n [\n -114.78515624999999,\n 37.16031654673677\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"92","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a13e4b07f02db601fb9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Plissner, Jonathan H.","contributorId":44880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plissner","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haig, Susan M. 0000-0002-6616-7589 susan_haig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6616-7589","contributorId":719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haig","given":"Susan","email":"susan_haig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":323338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1015348,"text":"1015348 - 2000 - Multicriteria decision analysis applied to Glen Canyon Dam","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-17T16:07:25","indexId":"1015348","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2501,"text":"Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multicriteria decision analysis applied to Glen Canyon Dam","docAbstract":"Conflicts in water resources exist because river-reservoir systems are managed to optimize traditional benefits (e.g., hydropower and flood control), which are historically quantified in economic terms, whereas natural and environmental resources, including in-stream and riparian resources, are more difficult or impossible to quantify in economic terms. Multicriteria decision analysis provides a quantitative approach to evaluate resources subject to river basin management alternatives. This objective quantification method includes inputs from special interest groups, the general public, and concerned individuals, as well as professionals for each resource considered in a trade-off analysis. Multicriteria decision analysis is applied to resources and flow alternatives presented in the environmental impact statement for Glen Canyon Dam on the Colorado River. A numeric rating and priority-weighting scheme is used to evaluate 29 specific natural resource attributes, grouped into seven main resource objectives, for nine flow alternatives enumerated in the environmental impact statement.
","language":"English","publisher":"ASCE","doi":"10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9496(2000)126:5(270)","usgsCitation":"Flug, M., Seitz, H., and Scott, J., 2000, Multicriteria decision analysis applied to Glen Canyon Dam: Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, v. 126, no. 5, p. 270-276, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9496(2000)126:5(270).","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"270","endPage":"276","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133463,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"126","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b489c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flug, M.","contributorId":57419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flug","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Seitz, H.L.H.","contributorId":74346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seitz","given":"H.L.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scott, J.F.","contributorId":69938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"J.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1015948,"text":"1015948 - 2000 - Analytical group decision making in natural resources: Methodology and application","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:50","indexId":"1015948","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1688,"text":"Forest Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Analytical group decision making in natural resources: Methodology and application","docAbstract":"Group decision making is becoming increasingly important in natural resource management and associated scientific applications, because multiple values are treated coincidentally in time and space, multiple resource specialists are needed, and multiple stakeholders must be included in the decision process. Decades of social science research on decision making in groups have provided insights into the impediments to effective group processes and on techniques that can be applied in a group context. Nevertheless, little integration and few applications of these results have occurred in resource management decision processes, where formal groups are integral, either directly or indirectly. A group decision-making methodology is introduced as an effective approach for temporary, formal groups (e.g., workshops). It combines the following three components: (1) brainstorming to generate ideas; (2) the analytic hierarchy process to produce judgments, manage conflict, enable consensus, and plan for implementation; and (3) a discussion template (straw document). Resulting numerical assessments of alternative decision priorities can be analyzed statistically to indicate where group member agreement occurs and where priority values are significantly different. An application of this group process to fire research program development in a workshop setting indicates that the process helps focus group deliberations; mitigates groupthink, nondecision, and social loafing pitfalls; encourages individual interaction; identifies irrational judgments; and provides a large amount of useful quantitative information about group preferences. This approach can help facilitate scientific assessments and other decision-making processes in resource management.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Forest Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Schmoldt, D.L., and Peterson, D.L., 2000, Analytical group decision making in natural resources: Methodology and application: Forest Science, v. 46, no. 1, p. 62-75.","productDescription":"p. 62-75","startPage":"62","endPage":"75","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134467,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"46","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e525","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmoldt, D. L.","contributorId":79077,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schmoldt","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peterson, D. L.","contributorId":36484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1015324,"text":"1015324 - 2000 - Diana H. Wall, ESA President 1999-2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-21T17:28:01","indexId":"1015324","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1121,"text":"Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Diana H. Wall, ESA President 1999-2000","docAbstract":"A more polite term for workaholic is over-achiever, and Diana Harrison Wall could easily serve as the type specimen for both words. Her ability to multi-task is a great boon for the Ecological Society of America. That characteristic drive has also been essential to Wall’s own personal success, since it pushed her to persevere during the lean years when a woman’s place was NOT in the field or laboratory. Diana is a very strong role model for young ecologists through her enthusiasm for science, her remarkable scientific achievements, and her leadership skills. In addition to advising her many graduate students, Diana-as-role-model has been featured in many news media, including PBS TV shows such as “Horizons” and “Discovery,” National Geographic magazine, and the New York Times. She is highlighted on the ESA Web site: “What Do Ecologists Do? Focus on Ecologists.”
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/0012-9623(2000)081[0018:DHWEP]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Baron, J., and Parsons, A., 2000, Diana H. Wall, ESA President 1999-2000: Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America, v. 81, no. 1, p. 18-19, https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9623(2000)081[0018:DHWEP]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"18","endPage":"19","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479318,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9623(2000)081[0018:dhwep]2.0.co;2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":133180,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"81","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65daf6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baron, Jill 0000-0002-5902-6251 jill_baron@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5902-6251","contributorId":194124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baron","given":"Jill","email":"jill_baron@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":322888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Parsons, A.","contributorId":30955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parsons","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1015329,"text":"1015329 - 2000 - Sensitivity of a high-elevation Rocky Mountain watershed to altered climate and CO2","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-27T16:57:42","indexId":"1015329","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Sensitivity of a high-elevation Rocky Mountain watershed to altered climate and CO2","title":"Sensitivity of a high-elevation Rocky Mountain watershed to altered climate and CO2","docAbstract":"We explored the hydrologic and ecological responses of a headwater mountain catchment, Loch Vale watershed, to climate change and doubling of atmospheric CO2 scenarios using the Regional Hydro-Ecological Simulation System (RHESSys). A slight (2°C) cooling, comparable to conditions observed over the past 40 years, led to greater snowpack and slightly less runoff, evaporation, transpiration, and plant productivity. An increase of 2°C yielded the opposite response, but model output for an increase of 4°C showed dramatic changes in timing of hydrologic responses. The snowpack was reduced by 50%, and runoff and soil water increased and occurred 4–5 weeks earlier with 4°C warming. Alpine tundra photosynthetic rates responded more to warmer and wetter conditions than subalpine forest, but subalpine forest showed a greater response to doubling of atmospheric CO2 than tundra. Even though water use efficiency increased with the double CO2 scenario, this had little effect on basin-wide runoff because the catchment is largely unvegetated. Changes in winter and spring climate conditions were more important to hydrologic and vegetation dynamics than changes that occurred during summer.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/1999WR900263","usgsCitation":"Baron, J., Hartman, M.D., Band, L., and Lammers, R., 2000, Sensitivity of a high-elevation Rocky Mountain watershed to altered climate and CO2: Water Resources Research, v. 36, no. 1, p. 89-99, https://doi.org/10.1029/1999WR900263.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"89","endPage":"99","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479317,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/1999wr900263","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":133158,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49ffe4b07f02db5f7a5b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baron, Jill 0000-0002-5902-6251 jill_baron@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5902-6251","contributorId":194124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baron","given":"Jill","email":"jill_baron@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":322905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hartman, Melannie D.","contributorId":98836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartman","given":"Melannie","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Band, L.E.","contributorId":70342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Band","given":"L.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lammers, R.B.","contributorId":67469,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lammers","given":"R.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":1015345,"text":"1015345 - 2000 - Controls on nitrogen flux in alpine/subalpine watersheds of Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-27T16:58:37","indexId":"1015345","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Controls on nitrogen flux in alpine/subalpine watersheds of Colorado","docAbstract":"High‐altitude watersheds in the Front Range of Colorado show symptoms of advanced stages of nitrogen excess, despite having less nitrogen in atmospheric deposition than other regions where watersheds retain nitrogen. In two alpine/subalpine subbasins of the Loch Vale watershed, atmospheric deposition of NO3− plus NH4+ was 3.2–5.5 kg N ha−1, and watershed export was 1.8–3.9 kg N ha−1 for water years 1992–1997. Annual N export increased in years with greater input of N, but most of the additional N was retained in the watershed, indicating that parts of the ecosystem are nitrogen‐limited. Dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) concentrations were greatest in subsurface water of talus landscapes, where mineralization and nitrification augment high rates of atmospheric deposition of N. Tundra landscapes had moderately high DIN concentrations, whereas forest and wetland landscapes had low concentrations, indicating little export of nitrogen from these landscapes. Between the two subbasins the catchment of Icy Brook had greater retention of nitrogen than that of Andrews Creek because of landscape and hydrologic characteristics that favor greater N assimilation in both the terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. These results suggest that export of N from alpine/subalpine watersheds is caused by a combination of direct flushing of N from atmospheric deposition and release of N from ecosystem biogeochemical processes (N cycling). Sensitivity of alpine ecosystems in the western United States to atmospheric deposition of N is a function of landscape heterogeneity, hydrologic flow paths, and climatic extremes that limit primary productivity and microbial activity, which, in turn, control retention and release of nitrogen. Conceptual and mechanistic models of N excess that have been developed for forested ecosystems need to be modified in order to predict the response of alpine ecosystems to future changes in climate and atmospheric deposition of N.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/1999WR900283","usgsCitation":"Campbell, D.H., Baron, J., Tonnessen, K.A., Brooks, P.D., and Schuster, P.F., 2000, Controls on nitrogen flux in alpine/subalpine watersheds of Colorado: Water Resources Research, v. 36, no. 1, p. 37-47, https://doi.org/10.1029/1999WR900283.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"37","endPage":"47","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479371,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/1999wr900283","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":133423,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db6866aa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Campbell, Donald H. dhcampbe@usgs.gov","contributorId":1670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"Donald","email":"dhcampbe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":322957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baron, Jill 0000-0002-5902-6251 jill_baron@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5902-6251","contributorId":194124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baron","given":"Jill","email":"jill_baron@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":322953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tonnessen, Kathy A.","contributorId":9588,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tonnessen","given":"Kathy","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brooks, Paul D.","contributorId":139471,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brooks","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":12566,"text":"Department of Geology and Geophysics, Unviersity of Utah","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":322956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schuster, Paul F. 0000-0002-8314-1372 pschuste@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8314-1372","contributorId":1360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schuster","given":"Paul","email":"pschuste@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":322955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":1015942,"text":"1015942 - 2000 - Contaminants in ospreys from the Pacific Northwest: II. Organochlorine pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls and mercury, 1991-1997","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-21T12:28:53","indexId":"1015942","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Contaminants in ospreys from the Pacific Northwest: II. Organochlorine pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls and mercury, 1991-1997","docAbstract":"Eggs of ospreys (Pandion haliaetus) were collected over the period 1991 to 1997 at 111 nests in the Fraser and Columbia River drainage systems of British Columbia, Washington, and Oregon. Contents were analyzed for organochlorine (OC) pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and total mercury. Blood samples were taken from nestling ospreys at two time points during the 1992 breeding season on the Thompson River and analyzed for non-ortho PCBs. Concentrations of DDE and related compounds showed high variability among individual eggs within study areas and no significant differences in mean concentrations among study areas. Some eggs contained high concentrations of DDE, up to 20 mg/kg (wet weight), for which there were no evident local sources, suggesting that exposure occurred outside of the breeding grounds. Most other OC pesticides measured in osprey eggs showed a similar distribution, although mean concentrations of chlordane-related compounds were generally, and in some cases significantly, higher in samples collected from the Columbia River sites compared to elsewhere. Significantly greater concentrations of PCBs were found in eggs from the Columbia River basin compared to the Fraser. This was attributed to extensive development of hydroelectric generation and related industries on the Columbia system. Significant differences among sites were also found in the pattern of PCB congeners, e.g., eggs from the lower Columbia River site had proportionally greater concentrations of less chlorinated, Aroclor 1242–type PCBs compared to other sites. In contrast, eggs from upper reaches of the Columbia River had relatively greater amounts of Aroclor 1254 and 1260 congeners. Mercury concentrations in osprey eggs tended to be uniform among sites and comparable to those reported in the literature for ospreys nesting on naturally formed lakes and rivers. There were no significant temporal changes in mean concentrations of any of the measured compounds at sites monitored from 1991 to 1997.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s002449910012","usgsCitation":"Elliott, J.E., Macmer, M., Wilson, L.K., and Henny, C.J., 2000, Contaminants in ospreys from the Pacific Northwest: II. Organochlorine pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls and mercury, 1991-1997: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 38, no. 1, p. 93-106, https://doi.org/10.1007/s002449910012.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"93","endPage":"106","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131841,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"38","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afde4b07f02db696e8b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Elliott, J. E.","contributorId":19914,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elliott","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Macmer, M.M.","contributorId":65811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Macmer","given":"M.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wilson, L. K.","contributorId":99511,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilson","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Henny, Charles J. 0000-0001-7474-350X hennyc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7474-350X","contributorId":3461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henny","given":"Charles","email":"hennyc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":323334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":1015954,"text":"1015954 - 2000 - Space use of killdeer at a Great Basin breeding area","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-24T14:16:19.724546","indexId":"1015954","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Space use of killdeer at a Great Basin breeding area","docAbstract":"Wetland conservation efforts require knowledge of space use by a diversity of waterbirds. However, determining space use of animals requires intensive monitoring of individual organisms. Often, activity patterns during much of the annual cycle are neglected in analyses of home range and habitat use. From 1995-97, we monitored space use in a population of individually marked killdeer (Charadrius vociferus) that breed, and reside for a number of additional months each year, in the western Great Basin. We used linear distance measures and home range-area estimates, derived by fixed-kernel methods, to examine patterns of space use of adults prior to, during, and following nesting. Overall, killdeer used a local area of approximately 6 ha. Birds remained closer to nests while tending eggs than either before or after nesting, although extensive movements away from the nest were observed during all time periods. Females tended to move farther from nests than did males. Birds nesting farther from water bodies were generally observed at greater distances from nests than those nesting closer to shorelines during all time periods. Twenty-seven percent of individuals were observed greater than 1 km from nest locations, particularly during postnesting periods. During nesting periods, males were less likely to be observed at longer distances from nests than were females. There were no differences in home range size based upon sex, time period, or distance from water. We suggest that home range size may not always accurately measure differences in space use and that multiple measures, including distance from nests, should be considered. Understanding the sedentary nature of killdeer during much of the annual cycle and their intense use of local areas is important for making management decisions. Coupled with data on other shorebird species, this information also has broader implications for management of wetland systems by indicating large scale spatial and habitat requirements and the connectivity of geographically distinct habitat patches.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.2307/3803240","usgsCitation":"Plissner, J.H., Oring, L., and Haig, S.M., 2000, Space use of killdeer at a Great Basin breeding area: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 64, no. 2, p. 421-429, https://doi.org/10.2307/3803240.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"421","endPage":"429","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":135668,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Great Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.0380859375,\n 36.24427318493909\n ],\n [\n -114.10400390625,\n 43.35713822211053\n ],\n [\n -115.04882812499999,\n 43.43696596521823\n ],\n [\n -115.77392578125,\n 43.691707903073805\n ],\n [\n -116.30126953125,\n 44.29240108529005\n ],\n [\n -116.8505859375,\n 44.88701247981298\n ],\n [\n -117.72949218749999,\n 45.49094569262732\n ],\n [\n -117.53173828125,\n 45.90529985724799\n ],\n [\n -116.71874999999999,\n 45.99696161820381\n ],\n [\n -116.21337890625,\n 45.72152152227954\n ],\n [\n -115.77392578125,\n 45.93587062119052\n ],\n [\n -115.33447265625,\n 46.437856895024204\n ],\n [\n -116.03759765625,\n 46.965259400349275\n ],\n [\n -117.0703125,\n 47.635783590864854\n ],\n [\n -116.6748046875,\n 48.151428143221224\n ],\n [\n -117.35595703124999,\n 48.40003249610685\n ],\n [\n -118.05908203124999,\n 48.28319289548349\n ],\n [\n -118.49853515625,\n 47.989921667414194\n ],\n [\n -119.39941406249999,\n 48.44377831058802\n ],\n [\n -119.72900390625001,\n 48.56024979174329\n ],\n [\n -120.32226562500001,\n 47.945786463687185\n ],\n [\n -120.47607421874999,\n 47.53203824675999\n ],\n [\n -120.234375,\n 46.78501604269254\n ],\n [\n -120.36621093749999,\n 45.84410779560204\n ],\n [\n -120.41015624999999,\n 44.88701247981298\n ],\n [\n -120.38818359375,\n 44.29240108529005\n ],\n [\n -120.80566406250001,\n 43.13306116240612\n ],\n [\n -120.41015624999999,\n 42.00032514831621\n ],\n [\n -120.498046875,\n 41.16211393939692\n ],\n [\n -120.4541015625,\n 40.111688665595956\n ],\n [\n -120.10253906249999,\n 39.2492708462234\n ],\n [\n -119.02587890624999,\n 37.89219554724437\n ],\n [\n -118.30078125,\n 37.21283151445594\n ],\n [\n -118.01513671875,\n 35.782170703266075\n ],\n [\n -117.68554687499999,\n 35.55010533588552\n ],\n [\n -115.75195312499999,\n 35.85343961959182\n ],\n [\n -115.13671875,\n 36.19109202182454\n ],\n [\n -114.54345703125,\n 36.049098959065645\n ],\n [\n -114.12597656249999,\n 36.03133177633187\n ],\n [\n -114.0380859375,\n 36.24427318493909\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"64","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e3e4b07f02db5e59c6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Plissner, Jonathan H.","contributorId":44880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plissner","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Oring, L.W.","contributorId":46451,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oring","given":"L.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haig, Susan M. 0000-0002-6616-7589 susan_haig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6616-7589","contributorId":719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haig","given":"Susan","email":"susan_haig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":323356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1016093,"text":"1016093 - 2000 - Migration strategies and wintering areas of North American ospreys as revealed by satellite telemetry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-18T17:10:27.303453","indexId":"1016093","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2739,"text":"Microwave Telemetry Newsletter","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Migration strategies and wintering areas of North American ospreys as revealed by satellite telemetry","docAbstract":"Since 1995 we have trapped and tagged 110 Ospreys (Pandion haliaetus) from 12 study sites in 8 states (Fig. 1). This total includes 71 females, 32 males and 7 juveniles. Our study areas encompass the major Osprey population concentrations found in the United States including the Western States, the Great Lakes region and the Eastern Seaboard.
As part of a study to determine the cause(s) of population decline and low survival of pronghorn (Antilocapra americana) neonates on Hart Mountain National Antelope Refuge (HMNAR), Oregon (USA), 55 of 104 neonates captured during May 1996 and 1997 were necropsied (n = 28, 1996; n = 27, 1997) to determine cause of death. Necropsies were conducted on fawns that died during May, June, or July of each year. The objectives of this study were to report the occurrence and pathology of pasteurellosis in neonates and determine if the isolated strain of Pasteurella multocida was unique. Septicemic pasteurellosis, caused by P. multocida, was diagnosed as the cause of death for two neonates in May and June 1997. Necropsy findings included widely scattered petechial and ecchymotic hemorrhages found over a large portion of the subcutaneous tissue, meninges of the brain, epicardium, skeletal muscle, and serosal surface of the thorasic and abdominal cavities. Histological examination of lung tissues revealed diffuse congestion and edema and moderate to marked multifocal infiltrate of macrophages, neutrophils, and numerous bacteria within many terminal bronchioles and alveoli. Pasteurella multocida serotypes A:3,4, and B:1 were isolated from several tissues including lung, intestinal, thorasic fluid, and heart blood. Each B:1 isolate had DNA restriction endonuclease fingerprint profiles distinct from isolates previously characterized from domestic cattle, swan (Olor spp.), moose (Alces alces), and pronghorn from Montana (USA). This is the first report of pasteurellosis in pronghorn from Oregon and the B:1 isolates appear to be unique in comparison to DNA fingerprint profiles from selected domestic and wild species.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/0090-3558-36.2.383","usgsCitation":"Dunbar, M.R., Wolcott, M.J., Rimler, R., and Berlowski, B.M., 2000, Septicemic pasteurellosis in free-ranging neonatal pronghorn in Oregon: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 36, no. 2, p. 383-388, https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-36.2.383.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"383","endPage":"388","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479274,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-36.2.383","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":134161,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Hart Mountain National Antelope Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.1849365234375,\n 41.98807738309159\n ],\n [\n -119.27307128906249,\n 41.98807738309159\n ],\n [\n -119.27307128906249,\n 42.96446257387128\n ],\n [\n -120.1849365234375,\n 42.96446257387128\n ],\n [\n -120.1849365234375,\n 41.98807738309159\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"36","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fde4b07f02db5f5f10","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dunbar, Michael R.","contributorId":42935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunbar","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wolcott, Mark J.","contributorId":60176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolcott","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rimler, R.B.","contributorId":68274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rimler","given":"R.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Berlowski, Brenda M.","contributorId":12011,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berlowski","given":"Brenda","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":1017190,"text":"1017190 - 2000 - Measurement of milt quality and factors affecting viability of fish spermatotzoa; Cryopreservation aquatic species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-24T12:51:43","indexId":"1017190","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":665,"text":"Advances in World Aquaculture","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Measurement of milt quality and factors affecting viability of fish spermatotzoa; Cryopreservation aquatic species","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Advances in World Aquaculture","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"00-062/NF","usgsCitation":"Honeyfield, D., and Krise, W.F., 2000, Measurement of milt quality and factors affecting viability of fish spermatotzoa; Cryopreservation aquatic species: Advances in World Aquaculture, v. 7, p. 49-58.","productDescription":"p. 49-58","startPage":"49","endPage":"58","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132967,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a28e4b07f02db6110d6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Honeyfield, D. C. 0000-0003-3034-2047","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3034-2047","contributorId":73136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Honeyfield","given":"D. C.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":324693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krise, W. F.","contributorId":50842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krise","given":"W.","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1017425,"text":"1017425 - 2000 - Scientific meeting raises awareness of amphibian decline in Asia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-07-06T01:01:41","indexId":"1017425","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2873,"text":"Newsletter of the Declining Amphibian Populations Task Force of the World","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Scientific meeting raises awareness of amphibian decline in Asia","docAbstract":"Blood samples from 433 Peregrine Falcons (Falco peregrinus) during fall and spring migrations, 1976-80, indicated that most of their pesticide burden, primarily DDE, was accumulated on wintering grounds in Latin America. DDE in spring migrants returning from Latin America for the first time declined significantly from 1979 to 1980. Only about 10% of breeding-age females contained organochlorine residues likely to adversely affect reproduction. The organochlorine pesticide threat in Latin America may be diminishing.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Newsletter of the Declining Amphibian Populations Task Force of the World","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Vredenburg, V., Wang, Y., and Fellers, G.M., 2000, Scientific meeting raises awareness of amphibian decline in Asia: Newsletter of the Declining Amphibian Populations Task Force of the World, v. 42.","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131814,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"42","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0de4b07f02db5fd26c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vredenburg, Vance","contributorId":13569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vredenburg","given":"Vance","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wang, Yuezhao","contributorId":11164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Yuezhao","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fellers, Gary M. 0000-0003-4092-0285 gary_fellers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4092-0285","contributorId":3150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fellers","given":"Gary","email":"gary_fellers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":324877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1016032,"text":"1016032 - 2000 - Monitoring air quality in mountains: Designing an effective network","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-05T17:21:56.131843","indexId":"1016032","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1552,"text":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","onlineIssn":"1573-2959","printIssn":"0167-6369","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Monitoring air quality in mountains: Designing an effective network","docAbstract":"A quantitatively robust yet parsimonious air-quality monitoring network in mountainous regions requires special attention to relevant spatial and temporal scales of measurement and inference. The design of monitoring networks should focus on the objectives required by public agencies, namely: 1) determine if some threshold has been exceeded (e.g., for regulatory purposes), and 2) identify spatial patterns and temporal trends (e.g., to protect natural resources). A short-term, multi-scale assessment to quantify spatial variability in air quality is a valuable asset in designing a network, in conjunction with an evaluation of existing data and simulation-model output. A recent assessment in Washington state (USA) quantified spatial variability in tropospheric ozone distribution ranging from a single watershed to the western third of the state. Spatial and temporal coherence in ozone exposure modified by predictable elevational relationships (∼ 1.3 ppbv ozone per 100 m elevation gain) extends from urban areas to the crest of the Cascade Range. This suggests that a sparse network of permanent analyzers is sufficient at all spatial scales, with the option of periodic intensive measurements to validate network design. It is imperative that agencies cooperate in the design of monitoring networks in mountainous regions to optimize data collection and financial efficiencies.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1023/A:1006498704222","usgsCitation":"Peterson, D.L., 2000, Monitoring air quality in mountains: Designing an effective network: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 64, no. 1, p. 81-91, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006498704222.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"81","endPage":"91","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134148,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","volume":"64","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4de4b07f02db6275a5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peterson, D. L.","contributorId":36484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1015960,"text":"1015960 - 2000 - Abundance, behavior and mortality of Buteo swainsoni near San Francisco, Cordoba, Argentina in 1997","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-05T16:56:33.649987","indexId":"1015960","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1486,"text":"El Hornero","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Abundance, behavior and mortality of Buteo swainsoni near San Francisco, Cordoba, Argentina in 1997","title":"Abundance, behavior and mortality of Buteo swainsoni near San Francisco, Cordoba, Argentina in 1997","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
An annual water budget for Florida Bay, the large, seasonally hypersaline estuary in the Everglades National Park, was constructed using physically based models and long‐term (31 years) data on salinity, hydrology, and climate. Effects of seasonal and interannual variations of the net freshwater supply (runoff plus rainfall minus evaporation) on salinity variation within the bay were also examined. Particular attention was paid to the effects of runoff, which are the focus of ambitious plans to restore and conserve the Florida Bay ecosystem. From 1965 to 1995 the annual runoff from the Everglades into the bay was less than one tenth of the annual direct rainfall onto the bay, while estimated annual evaporation slightly exceeded annual rainfall. The average net freshwater supply to the bay over a year was thus approximately zero, and interannual variations in salinity appeared to be affected primarily by interannual fluctuations in rainfall. At the annual scale, runoff apparently had little effect on the bay as a whole during this period. On a seasonal basis, variations in rainfall, evaporation, and runoff were not in phase, and the net freshwater supply to the bay varied between positive and negative values, contributing to a strong seasonal pattern in salinity, especially in regions of the bay relatively isolated from exchanges with the Gulf of Mexico and Atlantic Ocean. Changes in runoff could have a greater effect on salinity in the bay if the seasonal patterns of rainfall and evaporation and the timing of the runoff are considered. One model was also used to simulate spatial and temporal patterns of salinity responses expected to result from changes in net freshwater supply. Simulations in which runoff was increased by a factor of 2 (but with no change in spatial pattern) indicated that increased runoff will lower salinity values in eastern Florida Bay, increase the variability of salinity in the South Region, but have little effect on salinity in the Central and West Regions.
No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"South Dakota State University","usgsCitation":"Dechant, J., 2000, A fascination with birds: Prairie Naturalist, v. 31, no. 3, p. 189-190.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"189","endPage":"190","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132635,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6aecbf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dechant, Jill A. 0000-0003-3172-0708","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3172-0708","contributorId":103984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dechant","given":"Jill A.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":324373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70022316,"text":"70022316 - 2000 - Strain accumulation along the Cascadia subduction zone","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:48","indexId":"70022316","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Strain accumulation along the Cascadia subduction zone","docAbstract":"We combine triangulation, trilateration, and GPS observations to determine horizontal strain rates along the Cascadia subduction zone from Cape Mendocino to the Strait of Juan de Fuca. Shear-strain rates are significantly greater than zero (95% confidence) in all forearc regions (26-167 nanoradians/yr), and are not significant in the arc and backarc regions. The deformation is primarily uniaxial contraction nearly parallel to Juan de Fuca-North America plate convergence (N55??-80??E). The strain rates are consistent with an elastic dislocation model for interseismic slip with a shallow 100-km wide locked zone and a deeper 75-km transition zone along the entire megathrust, except along the central Oregon coast where relatively lower strain rates are consistent with 30-40 km wide locked and transition zones.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/1999GL011127","issn":"00948276","usgsCitation":"Murray, M., and Lisowski, M., 2000, Strain accumulation along the Cascadia subduction zone: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 27, no. 22, p. 3631-3634, https://doi.org/10.1029/1999GL011127.","startPage":"3631","endPage":"3634","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":206629,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/1999GL011127"},{"id":230415,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"22","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2000-11-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9891e4b08c986b31c09f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Murray, M.H.","contributorId":50171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murray","given":"M.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":393116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lisowski, M.","contributorId":70381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lisowski","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":393117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70023152,"text":"70023152 - 2000 - Lava bubble-wall fragments formed by submarine hydrovolcanic explosions on Lō'ihi Seamount and Kīlauea Volcano","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-13T13:51:00.268735","indexId":"70023152","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1109,"text":"Bulletin of Volcanology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lava bubble-wall fragments formed by submarine hydrovolcanic explosions on Lō'ihi Seamount and Kīlauea Volcano","docAbstract":"Glassy bubble-wall fragments, morphologically similar to littoral limu o Pele, have been found in volcanic sands erupted on Lō'ihi Seamount and along the submarine east rift zone of Kīlauea Volcano. The limu o Pele fragments are undegassed with respect to H2O and S and formed by mild steam explosions. Angular glass sand fragments apparently form at similar, and greater, depths by cooling-contraction granulation. The limu o Pele fragments from Lō'ihi Seamount are dominantly tholeiitic basalt containing 6.25–7.25% MgO. None of the limu o Pele samples from Lō'ihi Seamount contains less than 5.57% MgO, suggesting that higher viscosity magmas do not form lava bubbles. The dissolved CO2 and H2O contents of 7 of the limu o Pele fragments indicate eruption at 1200±300 m depth (120±30 bar). These pressures exceed that generally thought to limit steam explosions. We conclude that hydrovolcanic eruptions are possible, with appropriate pre-mixing conditions, at pressures as great as 120 bar.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/PL00008910","issn":"02588900","usgsCitation":"Clague, D., Davis, A.S., Bischoff, J.L., Dixon, J., and Geyer, R., 2000, Lava bubble-wall fragments formed by submarine hydrovolcanic explosions on Lō'ihi Seamount and Kīlauea Volcano: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 61, no. 7, p. 437-449, https://doi.org/10.1007/PL00008910.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"437","endPage":"449","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":233774,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","otherGeospatial":"Kīlauea Volcano, Lō'ihi Seamount","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.2749252319336,\n 19.393420210896526\n ],\n [\n -155.2665138244629,\n 19.402163734150218\n ],\n [\n -155.2587890625,\n 19.407021044033193\n ],\n [\n -155.25466918945312,\n 19.409449644577496\n ],\n [\n -155.25054931640625,\n 19.410421074639856\n ],\n [\n -155.24780273437497,\n 19.408963927370102\n ],\n [\n -155.24110794067383,\n 19.409449644577496\n ],\n [\n -155.23921966552734,\n 19.41139249889879\n ],\n [\n -155.23956298828125,\n 19.413497231549684\n ],\n [\n -155.24127960205078,\n 19.41414483611448\n ],\n [\n -155.24351119995117,\n 19.41900178811697\n ],\n [\n -155.24831771850586,\n 19.42321102911835\n ],\n [\n -155.25535583496094,\n 19.428715256672362\n ],\n [\n -155.26016235351562,\n 19.43049599624706\n ],\n [\n -155.2690887451172,\n 19.43049599624706\n ],\n [\n -155.27320861816406,\n 19.43195295046888\n ],\n [\n -155.27990341186523,\n 19.4303341116379\n ],\n [\n -155.28745651245117,\n 19.421915889653373\n ],\n [\n -155.29518127441403,\n 19.41673522857577\n ],\n [\n -155.29552459716797,\n 19.41317342829992\n ],\n [\n -155.29809951782227,\n 19.411716305695418\n ],\n [\n -155.29294967651367,\n 19.39860161472401\n ],\n [\n -155.28470993041992,\n 19.397306279233554\n ],\n [\n -155.2749252319336,\n 19.393420210896526\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.3631591796875,\n 18.872503842809966\n ],\n [\n -155.2045440673828,\n 18.872503842809966\n ],\n [\n -155.2045440673828,\n 19.0082426940534\n ],\n [\n -155.3631591796875,\n 19.0082426940534\n ],\n [\n -155.3631591796875,\n 18.872503842809966\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"61","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a458be4b0c8380cd673ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clague, D.A.","contributorId":36129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clague","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Davis, A. S.","contributorId":41424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bischoff, J. L.","contributorId":28969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bischoff","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dixon, J.E.","contributorId":53093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dixon","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Geyer, R.","contributorId":10960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geyer","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":396507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":1016563,"text":"1016563 - 2000 - Lack of reproduction in muskoxen and arctic hares caused by early winter?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-06T15:57:27.779573","indexId":"1016563","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":894,"text":"Arctic","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lack of reproduction in muskoxen and arctic hares caused by early winter?","docAbstract":"A lack of young muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus) and arctic hares (Lepus arcticus) in the Eureka area of Ellesmere Island, Northwest Territories (now Nunavut), Canada, was observed during summer 1998, in contrast to most other years since 1986. Evidence of malnourished muskoxen was also found. Early winter weather and a consequent 50% reduction of the 1997 summer replenishment period appeared to be the most likely cause, giving rise to a new hypothesis about conditions that might cause adverse demographic effects in arctic herbivores.
","language":"English","publisher":"Arctic Institute of North America","doi":"10.14430/arctic836","usgsCitation":"Mech, L.D., 2000, Lack of reproduction in muskoxen and arctic hares caused by early winter?: Arctic, v. 53, no. 1, p. 69-71, https://doi.org/10.14430/arctic836.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"69","endPage":"71","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479290,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.14430/arctic836","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":132662,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"53","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b43a8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mech, L. David 0000-0003-3944-7769 david_mech@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":2518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mech","given":"L.","email":"david_mech@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":324384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1017032,"text":"1017032 - 2000 - Cryptic genetic variation and paraphyly in ravens","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-16T16:12:27.449209","indexId":"1017032","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3174,"text":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cryptic genetic variation and paraphyly in ravens","docAbstract":"Widespread species that are morphologically uniform may be likely to harbour cryptic genetic variation. Common ravens (Corvus corax) have an extensive range covering nearly the entire Northern Hemisphere, but show little discrete phenotypic variation. We obtained tissue samples from throughout much of this range and collected mitochondrial sequence and nuclear microsatellite data. Our study revealed a deep genetic break between ravens from the western United States and ravens from throughout the rest of the world. These two groups, the ‘California clade’ and the ‘Holarctic clade’ are well supported and over 4% divergent in mitochondrial coding sequence. Microsatellites also reveal significant differentiation between these two groups. Ravens from Minnesota, Maine and Alaska are more similar to ravens from Asia and Europe than they are to ravens from California. The two clades come in contact over a huge area of the western United States, with mixtures of the two mitochondrial groups present in Washington, Idaho and California. In addition, the restricted range Chihuahuan raven (Corvus cryptoleucus) of the south–west United States and Mexico is genetically nested within the paraphyletic common raven. Our findings suggest that the common raven may have formerly consisted of two allopatric groups that may be in the process of remerging.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Royal Society Publishing","doi":"10.1098/rspb.2000.1308","usgsCitation":"Omland, K., Tarr, C., Boarman, W., Marzluff, J., and Fleischer, R., 2000, Cryptic genetic variation and paraphyly in ravens: Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, v. 267, p. 2475-2482, https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2000.1308.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"2475","endPage":"2482","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479161,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1690844","text":"External Repository"},{"id":133172,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Northern Hemisphere","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -175.078125,\n -4.915832801313164\n ],\n [\n 181.40625,\n -4.915832801313164\n ],\n [\n 181.40625,\n 84.92832092949963\n ],\n [\n -175.078125,\n 84.92832092949963\n ],\n [\n -175.078125,\n -4.915832801313164\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"267","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2000-12-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acfe4b07f02db680083","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Omland, K.E.","contributorId":48924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Omland","given":"K.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tarr, C.L.","contributorId":25116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tarr","given":"C.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boarman, W.I.","contributorId":73523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boarman","given":"W.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Marzluff, J.M.","contributorId":15152,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marzluff","given":"J.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fleischer, R.C.","contributorId":82259,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleischer","given":"R.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":1016095,"text":"1016095 - 2000 - Turnover and dispersal of prairie falcons in southwestern Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:47","indexId":"1016095","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2442,"text":"Journal of Raptor Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Turnover and dispersal of prairie falcons in southwestern Idaho","docAbstract":"We studied Prairie Falcon (Falco mexicanus) breeding dispersal, natal dispersal, and turnover\r\nat nesting areas in the Snake River Birds of Prey National Conservation Area (NCA) from 1971-\r\n95. Of 61 nesting areas where falcons identified one year were known to be present or absent the following year, 57% had a different falcon. This turnover rate was 2-3 times higher than that reported elsewhere for large falcons, and may have been related to high nesting densities in the NCA. Turnover at nesting areas was independent of nesting success in the previous year, but was significantly higher for females nesting on large cliffs. Mean distance between natal and breeding locations for 26 falcons banded as nestlings and later encountered as nesting adults was 8.9 km. Natal dispersal distances were similar for males and females, but more than twice as many males marked as nestlings were later encountered nesting in the NCA. Fourteen adult falcons found on different nesting areas in successive years moved an average of 1.5 km between nesting areas; males dispersed significantly farther than females. Natal and breeding dispersal distances in the NCA were lower than those reported for Prairie Falcons in other study areas. Only four falcons banded as nestlings were found outside NCA boundaries\r\nduring the breeding period, and only one of these birds was known to be occupying a nesting\r\narea. We encountered no falcons banded outside the NCA occupying nesting areas in the NCA during this study.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Raptor Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Lehman, R.N., Steenhof, K., Carpenter, L., and Kochert, M.N., 2000, Turnover and dispersal of prairie falcons in southwestern Idaho: Journal of Raptor Research, v. 34, no. 4, p. 262-269.","productDescription":"p. 262-269","startPage":"262","endPage":"269","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134140,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48cfe4b07f02db545c58","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lehman, Robert N.","contributorId":47746,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lehman","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Steenhof, Karen karen_steenhof@usgs.gov","contributorId":30585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steenhof","given":"Karen","email":"karen_steenhof@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":323599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carpenter, L.B.","contributorId":49317,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carpenter","given":"L.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kochert, Michael N. 0000-0002-4380-3298 mkochert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4380-3298","contributorId":3037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kochert","given":"Michael","email":"mkochert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":323598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":1015946,"text":"1015946 - 2000 - Spatial distribution of tropospheric ozone in western Washington, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:51","indexId":"1015946","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1555,"text":"Environmental Pollution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial distribution of tropospheric ozone in western Washington, USA","docAbstract":"We quantified the distribution of tropospheric ozone in topographically complex western Washington state, USA (total area a??6000 km2), using passive ozone samplers along nine river drainages to measure ozone exposure from near sea level to high-elevation mountain sites. Weekly average ozone concentrations were higher with increasing distance from the urban core and at higher elevations, increasing a mean of 1.3 ppbv per 100 m elevation gain for all mountain transects. Weekly average ozone concentrations were generally highest in Cascade Mountains drainages east and southeast of Seattle (maximum=55a??67 pbv) and in the Columbia River Gorge east of Portland (maximum=59 ppbv), and lowest in the western Olympic Peninsula (maximum=34 ppbv). Higher ozone concentrations in the Cascade Mountains and Columbia River locations downwind of large cities indicate that significant quantities of ozone and ozone precursors are being transported eastward toward rural wildland areas by prevailing westerly winds. In addition, temporal (week to week) variation in ozone distribution is synchronous within and between all drainages sampled, which indicates that there is regional coherence in air pollution detectable with weekly averages. These data provide insight on large-scale spatial variation of ozone distribution in western Washington, and will help regulatory agencies optimize future monitoring networks and identify locations where human health and natural resources could be at risk.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Pollution","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Cooper, S., and Peterson, D.L., 2000, Spatial distribution of tropospheric ozone in western Washington, USA: Environmental Pollution, v. 107, no. 3, p. 339-347.","productDescription":"p. 339-347","startPage":"339","endPage":"347","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134174,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"107","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e6e4b07f02db5e763c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cooper, S.M.","contributorId":11576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cooper","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peterson, D. L.","contributorId":36484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70022848,"text":"70022848 - 2000 - Condition bias of hunter-shot ring-necked ducks exposed to lead","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-19T17:25:11.945746","indexId":"70022848","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Condition bias of hunter-shot ring-necked ducks exposed to lead","docAbstract":"We evaluated the condition bias hypothesis for ring-necked ducks (Aythya collaris) exposed to lead by testing the null hypothesis that ducks shot by hunters do not differ in physiological condition from those collected randomly from the same location. After adjusting for structural body size and log(e) concentration of blood lead, we found that overall body condition differed significantly between collection types and age classes, and marginally between sexes. Ingesta-free body mass of ring-necked ducks sampled randomly averaged 8.8% greater than those shot over decoys, and 99% of this difference was accounted for by lipid reserves. Ingesta, ash, and protein did not differ between collection types; however, after-hatching-year (AHY) birds had 5.1% more ash and 4.8% more protein than did hatching-year (HY) birds. The only sex difference was that males had 4.1% more protein than did females. Ingesta-free body mass, lipids, and protein were negatively related to concentration of blood lead. Collection type-by-concentration of blood lead and age-by-sex-by-concentration of blood lead interactions were not significant. To the extent that lead pellets persist as a cause of disease or mortality, waterfowl biologists should account for lead exposure as a possible source of condition bias when estimating population parameters and modeling survival of ring-necked ducks and other waterfowl species prone to ingest lead. These findings further underscore the problem that ingested lead shotgun pellets pose for waterfowl.
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G.","contributorId":7431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCracken","given":"K.","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":395133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Afton, A. D.","contributorId":83467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Afton","given":"A. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":395135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Peters, M.S.","contributorId":16620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peters","given":"M.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":395134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70022679,"text":"70022679 - 2000 - Geochemical and mineralogical evidence from eolian sediments for northwesterly mid-Holocene paleowinds, central Kansas, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-25T16:25:00","indexId":"70022679","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3217,"text":"Quaternary International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemical and mineralogical evidence from eolian sediments for northwesterly mid-Holocene paleowinds, central Kansas, USA","docAbstract":"A prominent (4500 km2) dune field in the Great Plains is the Great Bend Sand Prairie of south-central Kansas. Dunes here overlie late Quaternary alluvium and were reactivated extensively in the late Holocene. Geomorphic and soil evidence suggests that the most likely eolian sand source is the Arkansas River valley to the northwest. Nevertheless, orientations of stabilized dunes indicate that the most recent dune-forming winds came from the south or southwest, in agreement with modern wind data. Mineralogy and trace element concentrations in eolian sands of the Great Bend Sand Prairie are similar to those to the Arkansas River, which permits the Arkansas River as a sediment source. Ca and Sr abundances, which reflect small amounts of carbonate minerals, are higher in Arkansas River sand compared to eolian sands and show a systematic depletion away from the Arkansas River to the southeast. These trends are likely due to carbonate mineral depletion downwind from abrasion and size reduction. Thus, paleowinds probably were northwesterly during initial deposition. Northwesterly winds occur today when dry, Pacific-derived air is dominant. We hypothesize that the residence time of this air mass was much greater while dunes initially formed, possibly during a warmer and drier mid-Holocene period.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary International","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S1040-6182(00)00012-4","issn":"10406182","usgsCitation":"Arbogast, A., and Muhs, D., 2000, Geochemical and mineralogical evidence from eolian sediments for northwesterly mid-Holocene paleowinds, central Kansas, USA: Quaternary International, v. 67, no. 1, p. 107-118, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1040-6182(00)00012-4.","startPage":"107","endPage":"118","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208284,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1040-6182(00)00012-4"},{"id":233926,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"67","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a15e0e4b0c8380cd54f8a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Arbogast, A.F.","contributorId":38313,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arbogast","given":"A.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Muhs, D.R. 0000-0001-7449-251X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7449-251X","contributorId":61460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhs","given":"D.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}