Designing aquatic nest boxes is rarely afforded detailed scientific account. Here we provide some historical context for nest boxes used in production of large-bodied fishes of the Australian freshwater cod genus Maccullochella. Our experience with eastern freshwater cod is used as a case study to: (a) convey aspects of the complexity of the nest box design process and to (b) demonstrate the importance of visual literacy in project communication across the variety of contributors to the eco-design process. Specifically, we describe a new, two-variant, triangular nest box design for application in rivers and modifications to a standard stainless steel nest box for hatchery-pond-based spawning of eastern freshwater cod M. ikei. We designed the boxes to test adult preference for single versus double entrance/exits to cavities in hatchery and field environments. An important consideration specific to hatchery production is harvesting demersal, adhesive eggs prior to hatching to minimise fungal infection of eggs and physical loss of larvae, in addition to providing critical first feeding of larvae. In contrast, field nest box design incorporated multiple factors and associated trade-offs related to both internal and external design, ranging from manufacturer capability, material types, cost, transportability, hydrological performance, biodegradability, retrievability, as well as biological and ecological function. Only preliminary findings from field nest box deployments are provided here, and we focus primarily on elements of visual language in the form of conceptual drawings, sketches and final schematics which have been central to our process. We emphasise the benefit of harnessing input from multiple fields of expertise and documenting and testing designs of nest boxes for cavity nesting fishes, under both controlled hatchery and more complex field conditions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/aff2.70095","usgsCitation":"Ebner, B.C., Morris, S.S., St Vincent Welch, J., Ryan, P.C., Turner, M., Cameron, L.M., Poitras, N., Coonrod, B., Welsh, S.A., McLellan, M., Jess, L., Vidler, S., Ingram, B.A., Thurstan, S., Rowland, S.J., Blake, S., and Butler, G.L., 2025, Blueprints for riverine cod nest boxes draw from multiple design considerations: Aquaculture, Fish and Fisheries, v. 5, no. 4, e70095, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/aff2.70095.","productDescription":"e70095, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-166252","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":494454,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aff2.70095","text":"Publisher Index 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Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":946368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Welsh, Stuart A. 0000-0003-0362-054X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0362-054X","contributorId":217037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welsh","given":"Stuart","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":642,"text":"West Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":946369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"McLellan, Matthew","contributorId":359879,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McLellan","given":"Matthew","affiliations":[{"id":85927,"text":"New South Wales Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":946370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Jess, 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S.","contributorId":359883,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thurstan","given":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":85927,"text":"New South Wales Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":946374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Rowland, S. J.","contributorId":359884,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rowland","given":"S.","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":85927,"text":"New South Wales Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":946375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Blake, S.","contributorId":359885,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Blake","given":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":85927,"text":"New South Wales Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":946376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Butler, G. L.","contributorId":359886,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Butler","given":"G.","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":85927,"text":"New South Wales Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":946377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17}]}} ,{"id":70269490,"text":"70269490 - 2025 - Grand Canyon landslide-dam and paleolake triggered by the Meteor Crater impact at 56 ka","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-11-18T17:01:10.597342","indexId":"70269490","displayToPublicDate":"2025-07-15T09:03:48","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Grand Canyon landslide-dam and paleolake triggered by the Meteor Crater impact at 56 ka","docAbstract":"This paper hypothesizes that the Meteor Crater impact in Arizona, USA, 56,000 years ago triggered landslides in Grand Canyon that dammed the Colorado River and formed Nankoweap paleolake. This is compatible with shock and earthquake physics for the impact that infer a M5.4 seismic event, attenuated to an effective magnitude of M3.5 at Grand Canyon. Results that support the hypothesis include radiocarbon dating of driftwood and luminescence dating of associated slack-water lake sediments that are preserved in caves up to 60 m above the modern Colorado River. Radiocarbon ages from two locations, including Stanton’s Cave, date the driftwood as 55.25 ± 2.44 ka (n = 4). Sediments associated with the driftwood gave a luminescence age of 56.00 ± 6.39 ka (n = 2). These six Grand Canyon dates, and three published ages for the Meteor Crater impact, show statistically indistinguishable results that support the hypothesis for a geologically instantaneous series of events with a mean age of 55.60 ± 1.30 ka. This work highlights the value of radiocarbon dating near the limits of the technique, integration of multiple dating methods, and seismic and landslide hazards associated with meteorite impacts in regions of extreme topography like Grand Canyon.
The geographic information system (GIS) community in Vermont has a long history of interdisciplinary and cooperative projects that have facilitated the leveraging of geospatial technology on myriad data acquisitions across the State. High-resolution elevation data are proving to be a resource of great economic value in dealing with many important issues in Vermont. Vermont attained statewide coverage of quality level 2 coverage of topographic light detection and ranging (lidar) data in 2019. Having access to elevation data that are exponentially more accurate than what was previously available is enabling GIS professionals to better support and empower decision makers in economically important efforts such as environmental protection, public safety, watershed management and water quality, geology, transportation planning, forest and wildlife management, local planning, and flood plain management. In addition, developing a consistent and seamless statewide topographic framework supplants the traditionally time consuming and costly approach of extensive field data collection by requiring less time and money, therefore adding economic benefits. Critical applications that meet the State’s management needs depend on lidar data that provide a highly detailed three-dimensional (3D) model of the Earth’s surface and aboveground features.
The 3D Elevation Program (3DEP) is managed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in partnership with Federal, State, Tribal, U.S. territorial, and local agencies to acquire consistent lidar coverage at quality level 2 or better to meet the many needs of the Nation and Vermont. The status of available and in-progress 3DEP baseline lidar data in Vermont is shown in figure 1. 3DEP baseline lidar data include quality level 2 or better, 1-meter or better digital elevation models, and lidar point clouds, and must meet the Lidar Base Specification version 1.2 (https://www.usgs.gov/3dep/lidarspec) or newer requirements. The National Enhanced Elevation Assessment identified user requirements and conservatively estimated that availability of lidar data would result in at least $1.64 million in new benefits annually to the State. The top eight Vermont business uses for 3D elevation data, which are based on the estimated annual conservative benefits of 3DEP, are shown in table 2.
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\"}}]}","contact":"Director, National Geospatial Program
U.S. Geological Survey
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive, MS 511
Reston, VA 20192
Email: 3DEP@usgs.gov
","tableOfContents":"Somatic growth rate is a fundamental trait that influences metabolism, lifespan and reproductive maturity and is critical for understanding population dynamics and informing management actions. Brown Treesnakes (Boiga irregularis) introduced to Guam are highly invasive and can reproduce year-round without discrete cohorts. We compared snake size trajectories described by the conventionally used von Bertalanffy growth function versus the Gompertz model. Using quantile regression with a regularized effect for individual snakes we modeled growth rates of 270 marked, wild snakes as a function of size. The Gompertz model explained more of the variation in growth and rendered more realistic predictions of asymptotic sizes than did the von Bertalanffy model. With the Gompertz model, growth rates were 1.05–1.16× faster in males than in females. Females reached asymptotic sizes at shorter snout-vent lengths than males. Growth rate was positively correlated with amount of precipitation, and modeling wet-dry seasonality on Guam as a sinusoidal function identified a growth peak in September—October. Effects of seasonality and precipitation, however, were minor compared to individual and sex related differences in size-adjusted growth rates. We estimated that the 50th (and 5th, 95th) growth-rate percentile males in our study population become sexually mature at an age of 33 (∞, 15) months, while females mature at 41 (∞, 18) months, where ∞ indicates that the slowest growing snakes never reach maturity. However, 50% of the snakes mature at a size below the median, and age at maturity may be as low as 10.4 (males) and 13.7 (females) months for average-sized hatchlings that grow fast. Our results have implications for the timing of management options for this species and our approach can be broadly applied to animals where repeated growth data are obtained and age is unknown.
","language":"English","doi":"10.1002/ece3.71695","usgsCitation":"Lardner, B., Cade, B.S., Savidge, J.A., Rodda, G.H., Reed, R., and Yackel Adams, A.A., 2025, Growth rate variation in Brown Treesnakes (Boiga irregularis): An invasive species of conservation concern: Ecology and Evolution, v. 15, no. 7, e71695, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.71695.","productDescription":"e71695, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-129633","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":492872,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.71695","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":492628,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Guam","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 144.97370767089484,\n 13.602893910874045\n ],\n [\n 144.85437262594462,\n 13.66982861291649\n ],\n [\n 144.74819953448088,\n 13.502237780603025\n ],\n [\n 144.60561170503658,\n 13.462933343165659\n ],\n [\n 144.6200898538703,\n 13.238449316687053\n ],\n [\n 144.76311641509852,\n 13.23674118706542\n ],\n [\n 144.7977762259491,\n 13.410418069709003\n ],\n [\n 144.9383897623706,\n 13.516040821003134\n ],\n [\n 144.97370767089484,\n 13.602893910874045\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"15","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lardner, Bjorn","contributorId":225066,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lardner","given":"Bjorn","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":943626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cade, Brian S. 0000-0001-9623-9849 cadeb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9623-9849","contributorId":1278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cade","given":"Brian","email":"cadeb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":943627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Savidge, Julie A.","contributorId":175196,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Savidge","given":"Julie","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":943628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rodda, Gordon H. 0000-0002-6696-7308 roddag@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6696-7308","contributorId":210066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodda","given":"Gordon","email":"roddag@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":943629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Reed, Robert 0000-0001-8349-6168","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8349-6168","contributorId":267796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"Robert","affiliations":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":943630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Yackel Adams, Amy A. 0000-0002-7044-8447 yackela@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7044-8447","contributorId":3116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yackel Adams","given":"Amy","email":"yackela@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":943631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70269427,"text":"70269427 - 2025 - Factors affecting short-term post-release survival probability of Lake Trout implanted with acoustic telemetry transmitters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-22T14:19:41.956026","indexId":"70269427","displayToPublicDate":"2025-07-11T09:14:41","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1661,"text":"Fisheries Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Factors affecting short-term post-release survival probability of Lake Trout implanted with acoustic telemetry transmitters","docAbstract":"The use of acoustic telemetry is steadily expanding to help answer questions related to habitat use, movement, and behavior of fishes. Significant time and resources are invested to start acoustic telemetry studies; therefore, careful planning is needed to limit post-release mortality of tagged individuals. Deep, cold-water species present additional challenges to acoustic tagging because of changes in temperature and pressure experienced during capture. The objective of our study was to determine if capture method, surface water temperature, water depth, or fish size influenced short-term post-release survival of a deep, cold-water species, Lake Trout Salvelinus namaycush. In 2023, 299 Lake Trout were captured with angling or gillnets across Lake Ontario (Laurentian Great Lake – U.S. & CAN) and surgically implanted with acoustic transmitters. We estimated 30-day post-release mortality and 24-h post-release distance traveled for tagged Lake Trout. We used Cox proportional hazards models to identify factors affecting survival probability and multiple linear regression to identify factors affecting post-release distance traveled. Thirty-day post-release mortality was minimal (9.03 %, 27/299 Lake Trout); however, mortality was 6.37 times more likely for Lake Trout captured in gillnets compare to angling (p = 0.003). Lake Trout length had a marginally significant effect on mortality (p = 0.052) but capture depth and temperature did not (p > 0.05). Lake Trout post-release distance traveled was not significantly influenced by capture gear, depth, temperature, or Lake Trout length (p = 0.61). Our results indicate that tagging-induced post-release mortality is minimal for Lake Trout tagged in the spring, but survival can be increased by avoiding use of gillnets.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.fishres.2025.107457","usgsCitation":"Gatch, A.J., Gorsky, D., Morton, K., Johnson, J., Farrell, C., Johnson, T., Bloomfield, E., Metcalfe, B., Goretzke, J., Connerton, M., Larocque, S., Midwood, J., O’Malley, B., Weidel, B., Cooke, S., and Furgal, S., 2025, Factors affecting short-term post-release survival probability of Lake Trout implanted with acoustic telemetry transmitters: Fisheries Research, v. 288, 107457, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2025.107457.","productDescription":"107457, 9 p.","ipdsId":"IP-178757","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":492876,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2025.107457","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":492793,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P19H76DM","text":"USGS data 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Synthetic WBET (2002–2015 annual average) of eight-digit hydrologic unit code (HUC8) basins across the conterminous United States (CONUS), constituting 44 % (887 out of 2035 basins) of CONUS basins, was determined within 2.0 % (RMSE = 12 %) of observed WBET at CONUS and between 1–12 % (RMSE = 3–33 %) across 18 regions in CONUS. With WABE-based bias corrections, the overall annual bias of RSET decreased from 10 % (RMSE = 34 %) to 6 % (RMSE = 26 %) across 37 flux tower sites. The WABE method offers a new approach for RSET accuracy improvement and shows great promise for large area implementations with a potential to yield substantial benefits for building accurate basin water budgets and water management decisions.
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to USGS ERSOS Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":942813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Senay, Gabriel B. 0000-0002-8810-8539 senay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8810-8539","contributorId":3114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senay","given":"Gabriel","email":"senay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":942814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Friedrichs, MacKenzie 0000-0002-9602-321X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9602-321X","contributorId":199093,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Friedrichs","given":"MacKenzie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":942815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Yi, 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and Geodetic Engineering, Ohio State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":942824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Nelson, Jacob A.","contributorId":349155,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nelson","given":"Jacob A.","affiliations":[{"id":83446,"text":"Department of Biogeochemical Integration, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":942825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Reed, David E.","contributorId":349160,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reed","given":"David E.","affiliations":[{"id":83451,"text":"School of the Environment, Yale University, New Haven","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":942826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Wang, Tianxin","contributorId":333378,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Tianxin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":79858,"text":"Unversity of California Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":942827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Xiao, Xiangming","contributorId":150759,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Xiao","given":"Xiangming","affiliations":[{"id":18095,"text":"Center for Spatial Analysis, U of OK, Norman, OK","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":942828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16}]}} ,{"id":70268928,"text":"70268928 - 2025 - Chapter three - Global SSEBop actual evapotranspiration modeling and mapping using the VIIRS data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-04T15:58:00.492236","indexId":"70268928","displayToPublicDate":"2025-07-11T08:36:28","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Chapter three - Global SSEBop actual evapotranspiration modeling and mapping using the VIIRS data","docAbstract":"AActual evapotranspiration (ETa) is an essential climate variable that can be used for drought monitoring and water availability assessment because of its close connection with vegetation, soil moisture, and the water cycle. An operational ETa using the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) and global weather datasets was developed through the Simplified Surface Energy Balance Model (SSEBop) model. An operational framework is established with the Famine Early Warning System Network (https://earlywarning.usgs.gov/fews) to generate and update global 1 km ETa at dekadal (∼10 day), monthly, and yearly time scales since February 2012. Modeled ETa at monthly and annual time scales was evaluated using 67 eddy covariance (EC) flux tower stations around the world and water balance-based ETa based on 810 United States eight-digit Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC8) and 18 Global Runoff Data Center (GRDC) basins. The correlation coefficient (r=0.68–0.94) shows relatively strong and consistent performance across the three datasets, capturing the spatiotemporal variability in HUC8 and GRDC basins and EC tower sites reliably. The bias (3%–15%) and root mean square error (RMSE: 13%–34%) showed relatively large errors and high variability among the three datasets. The evaluation results indicate the usefulness of the VIIRS ETa for drought monitoring and early warning applications without further adjustments, while bias-correction and calibration procedures may be required before using the VIIRS ETa data for localized water budget assessments. Availability of gridded actual ETa data from a combination of flux towers and basin-scale ETa is desired to establish bias-correction procedures to improve the absolute accuracy of remote-sensing ETa such as the SSEBop VIIRS operational products.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Evapotranspiration in agro-ecosystems and forestry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/B978-0-443-21649-7.00004-3","usgsCitation":"Senay, G.B., Kagone, S., Khand, K., Parrish, G.E., Young, C., and Budde, M., 2025, Chapter three - Global SSEBop actual evapotranspiration modeling and mapping using the VIIRS data, chap. of Evapotranspiration in agro-ecosystems and forestry, p. 77-101, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-443-21649-7.00004-3.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"77","endPage":"101","ipdsId":"IP-175382","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":492123,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Senay, Gabriel B. 0000-0002-8810-8539 senay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8810-8539","contributorId":3114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senay","given":"Gabriel","email":"senay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":942627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kagone, Stefanie 0000-0002-2979-4655","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2979-4655","contributorId":199091,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kagone","given":"Stefanie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":942628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Khand, Kul Bikram 0000-0002-1593-1508","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1593-1508","contributorId":259185,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Khand","given":"Kul Bikram","affiliations":[{"id":52326,"text":"AFDS, Contractor to USGS ERSOS Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":942629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Parrish, Gabriel Edwin Lee 0000-0003-4078-3516","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4078-3516","contributorId":267751,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Parrish","given":"Gabriel","email":"","middleInitial":"Edwin Lee","affiliations":[{"id":55490,"text":"Innovate! Inc., Contractor to the USGS EROS Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":942630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Young, Claudia 0000-0002-0859-7206","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0859-7206","contributorId":192646,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Young","given":"Claudia","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":942631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Budde, Michael 0000-0002-9098-2751 mbudde@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9098-2751","contributorId":166756,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Budde","given":"Michael","email":"mbudde@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":942632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70269347,"text":"70269347 - 2025 - ‘The fish that stop’: Drivers of historical decline for Pacific cod and implications for modern management in an era of rapidly changing climate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-18T14:46:47.135868","indexId":"70269347","displayToPublicDate":"2025-07-10T09:42:31","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3048,"text":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"‘The fish that stop’: Drivers of historical decline for Pacific cod and implications for modern management in an era of rapidly changing climate","docAbstract":"n the Gulf of Alaska, a series of marine heat waves depleted Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus) biomass to the lowest abundance ever recorded and led to the fishery’s closure in 2020. Although the fishery has been productive for decades, this collapse may have historical precedents. Traditional knowledge holders refer to cod as ‘the fish that stop’, and there is a suggested period of decline in the 1930s. Here we conduct a catch reconstruction of the early commercial fishery (1864–1950), confirming a rapid catch decline in the 1920s and 1930s. Next, we evaluate evidence for possible drivers. We document changes to demand and technology that contributed to declining catch. However, we also find both qualitative and quantitative evidence of depletion, suggesting catch declines were not driven entirely by social factors. Overfishing may have contributed to localized catch declines as evidenced by declining catch rates in heavily fished localities. We also find evidence for climate as a driver of regional decline, with the period of catch decline characterized by up to 2°C higher temperatures as compared to the earlier period of high fisheries production. Our analysis underscores the importance of understanding long-term drivers of fisheries productivity and the value of linking fisheries and climate histories.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Royal Society Publishing","doi":"10.1098/rstb.2024.0278","usgsCitation":"McClenachan, L., Anderson, B., Addison, J.A., Barbeaux, S.J., Moore, K., Muir, K., Reedy, K., Spies, I.B., and West, C., 2025, ‘The fish that stop’: Drivers of historical decline for Pacific cod and implications for modern management in an era of rapidly changing climate: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, v. 380, no. 1930, 20240278, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2024.0278.","productDescription":"20240278, 11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-168376","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":492865,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2024.0278","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":492537,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -171.36734807808014,\n 60.34356991409652\n ],\n [\n -171.36734807808014,\n 49.72417629774134\n ],\n [\n -133.3953187776795,\n 49.72417629774134\n ],\n [\n -133.3953187776795,\n 60.34356991409652\n ],\n [\n -171.36734807808014,\n 60.34356991409652\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"380","issue":"1930","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McClenachan, Loren","contributorId":260606,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McClenachan","given":"Loren","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":51887,"text":"Colby College","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":943491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, Bruce T. 0000-0001-7006-5967","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7006-5967","contributorId":345835,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"Bruce T.","affiliations":[{"id":13570,"text":"Boston University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":943492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Addison, Jason A. 0000-0003-2416-9743 jaddison@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2416-9743","contributorId":4192,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Addison","given":"Jason","email":"jaddison@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":943493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Barbeaux, Steven J.","contributorId":256680,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barbeaux","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":34572,"text":"NOAA, National Marine Fisheries Service, Alaska Fisheries Science Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":943494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Moore, Karoline","contributorId":345836,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moore","given":"Karoline","affiliations":[{"id":82724,"text":"University of Victoria (Canada)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":943495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Muir, Kai","contributorId":345837,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Muir","given":"Kai","affiliations":[{"id":82724,"text":"University of Victoria (Canada)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":943496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Reedy, Katherine L.","contributorId":345838,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reedy","given":"Katherine L.","affiliations":[{"id":38154,"text":"Idaho State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":943497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Spies, Ingrid B.","contributorId":256688,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Spies","given":"Ingrid","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":943498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"West, Catherine F. 0000-0001-5177-9235","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5177-9235","contributorId":345839,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"West","given":"Catherine F.","affiliations":[{"id":13570,"text":"Boston University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":943499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70269643,"text":"70269643 - 2025 - Identifying conditions associated with outliers produced by three different chlorophyll fluorometers: A comparison of instrumentation and development of correction formulae","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-22T15:54:20.408178","indexId":"70269643","displayToPublicDate":"2025-07-10T09:36:52","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":9929,"text":"Limnology & Oceanography: Methods","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Identifying conditions associated with outliers produced by three different chlorophyll fluorometers: A comparison of instrumentation and development of correction formulae","docAbstract":"Measurements of chlorophyll concentration reported by fluorometers (fChl) are used in environmental research and monitoring, as inputs to models, and in the interpretation of remote sensing data. Researchers and managers benefit from understanding how to interpret and ensure the accuracy of fChl data collected by in situ fluorometers. Although fChl values produced by different manufacturers are often in agreement with discrete laboratory-derived Chlorophyll a (Chl a) concentration measurements, there are instances in which results significantly differ. Further, when measuring fChl side by side, different fluorometers may report values that differ significantly from each other, despite passing calibration checks prior to deployment. We compared environmental conditions and phytoplankton species composition associated with instances in which fChl measurements from three different fluorometers (EXO2 Total Algae Smart Sensor, YSI Inc./Xylem Inc., Yellow Springs, Ohio; FluoroProbe III, bbe Moldaenke GmbH, Kiel, Germany; WETStar, Sea-Bird Scientific, Bellevue, Washington) were significantly different from laboratory-derived Chl a concentrations. Results indicated that elevated primary productivity, as indicated by high pH, dissolved oxygen, and the ratio of Chl a to phaeophytin, were correlated with underestimated fChl values recorded by each sensor. After removing outliers, we determined unique correction guidance for each of the three sensors and demonstrated that after applying correction formulae, fChl measurements produced by each sensor became directly comparable.
","language":"English","publisher":"Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography","doi":"10.1002/lom3.10705","usgsCitation":"Richardson, E.T., Kraus, T.E., Sturgeon, C.L., O’Donnell, K., and Bergamaschi, B.A., 2025, Identifying conditions associated with outliers produced by three different chlorophyll fluorometers: A comparison of instrumentation and development of correction formulae: Limnology & Oceanography: Methods, v. 23, no. 9, p. 673-687, https://doi.org/10.1002/lom3.10705.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"673","endPage":"687","ipdsId":"IP-168613","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":493321,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lom3.10705","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":493096,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta, San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.1569041318973,\n 38.781445775867496\n ],\n [\n -122.591638749212,\n 38.781445775867496\n ],\n [\n -122.41414092861007,\n 37.110093240321405\n ],\n [\n -121.1569041318973,\n 37.53901515220369\n ],\n [\n -121.1569041318973,\n 38.781445775867496\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"23","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Richardson, Emily T. 0000-0003-2696-8266","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2696-8266","contributorId":304430,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richardson","given":"Emily","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":944253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kraus, Tamara E. C. 0000-0002-5187-8644 tkraus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5187-8644","contributorId":147560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kraus","given":"Tamara","email":"tkraus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E. C.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":944254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sturgeon, Crystal Lee 0000-0002-1799-9127","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1799-9127","contributorId":302710,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sturgeon","given":"Crystal","email":"","middleInitial":"Lee","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":944255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"O’Donnell, Katy 0000-0003-2323-8970 kodonnell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2323-8970","contributorId":5640,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Donnell","given":"Katy","email":"kodonnell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":944256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bergamaschi, Brian A. 0000-0002-9610-5581 bbergama@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9610-5581","contributorId":140776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergamaschi","given":"Brian","email":"bbergama@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":944257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70268887,"text":"tm5B13 - 2025 - Determination of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in water by direct injection of matrix-modified centrifuge supernatant and liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry with isotope dilution","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-03T14:25:36.603546","indexId":"tm5B13","displayToPublicDate":"2025-07-09T17:20:00","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":335,"text":"Techniques and Methods","code":"TM","onlineIssn":"2328-7055","printIssn":"2328-7047","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"5-B13","displayTitle":"Determination of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Water by Direct Injection of Matrix-Modified Centrifuge Supernatant and Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry with Isotope Dilution","title":"Determination of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in water by direct injection of matrix-modified centrifuge supernatant and liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry with isotope dilution","docAbstract":"A direct-injection liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry method was developed to determine 34 per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), including selected branched isomers, in centrifuge supernatant of matrix-modified (amended with approximately 50 percent methanol) water samples. The method has been validated in reagent water, surface water, groundwater, and wastewater effluent. Other water types (for example, drinking water, untreated wastewater, and landfill leachate) have been analyzed by the method but not systematically validated. Recovery of isotope-dilution standards, added to each sample, may be used to assess method performance in nonvalidated matrices on a sample-by-sample basis.
Using this method, PFAS concentrations were determined in the range of 2–2,000 nanograms per liter in water samples. This range can be extended by diluting concentrated samples. At circumneutral pH, most compounds are present in the environment in their ionized form, and data are reported as such (for example, perfluorooctanoic acid is referred to as “perfluorooctanoate” [PFOA], perfluorooctane sulfonic acid is referred to as “perfluorooctane sulfonate” [PFOS]).
Sample preparation procedures were designed without the use of filtration and with minimum sample handling steps to mitigate procedural losses of target compounds due to sorption to surfaces. Further, isotope-dilution quantification allowed for the correction of bias that may result from procedural losses, matrix-induced signal suppression or enhancement, and other factors.
Validation experiments to characterize bias and variability, method detection level, and holding time were done in four distinct water matrices—reagent water, surface water, treated wastewater effluent, and groundwater—at multiple concentration levels. Mean PFAS recoveries met data quality objectives of bias and variability studies in all four validation matrices except for two compounds with low and variable recovery in the reagent water matrix only. Isotope-dilution standards, treated as surrogate compounds, were analyzed in more than 1,500 customer-submitted environmental samples with aggregate recovery of 102.5±6.5 percent (mean±standard deviation). Maximum holding times for all target compounds in the four validation matrices were 28 days for refrigerated samples and 90 days for frozen samples.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston VA","doi":"10.3133/tm5B13","collaboration":"Strategic Laboratory Science Branch and National Water Quality Laboratory","usgsCitation":"Gray, J.L., Kanagy, L.K., Kanagy, C.J., and Anderson, C.A., 2025, Determination of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in water by direct injection of matrix-modified centrifuge supernatant and liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry with isotope dilution: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods, book 5, chap. B13, 121 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tm5B13.","productDescription":"Report: xii, 121 p.; Data Release","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-144091","costCenters":[{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":491919,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/05/b13/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":491984,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/05/b13/images"},{"id":491920,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/05/b13/tm5B13.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.35 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"T and M 5-B13"},{"id":491921,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9P3YPXG","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Concentrations of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from validation experiments and custom sample analysis by U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Water Quality Laboratory (NWQL) Laboratory Code 9660, December 2020 to March 2022"},{"id":491985,"rank":5,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/05/b13/tm5B13.xml"},{"id":492165,"rank":6,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/tm5B13/full","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"T and M 5-B13"}],"contact":"Chief, National Water Quality Laboratory
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, Mail Stop 407
Denver, CO 80225-0585
Recent and ongoing collections of high-resolution elevation data in Louisiana are providing information that supports improved critical public safety modeling and enables the State to strengthen its efforts to fight the effects of land subsidence and sea-level rise. The availability of current and accurate three-dimensional (3D) elevation data supports numerous business activities, including flood risk management, infrastructure and construction management, coastal zone management, wildlife and habitat management, recreation, agriculture and precision farming, urban and regional planning, water supply and quality assessment, and natural resources conservation. Critical applications that meet the State’s management needs depend on light detection and ranging (lidar) data that provide a highly detailed 3D model of the Earth’s surface and aboveground features.
The 3D Elevation Program (3DEP) is managed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in partnership with Federal, State, Tribal, U.S. territorial, and local agencies to acquire consistent lidar coverage at quality level 2 or better to meet the many needs of the Nation and Louisiana. The status of available and in-progress 3DEP baseline lidar data in Louisiana is shown in figure 1. 3DEP baseline lidar data include quality level 2 or better, 1-meter or better digital elevation models, and lidar point clouds, and must meet the Lidar Base Specification version 1.2 (https://www.usgs.gov/3dep/lidarspec) or newer requirements. The National Enhanced Elevation Assessment identified user requirements and conservatively estimated that availability of lidar data would result in at least $6.96 million in new benefits annually to the State. The top 10 Louisiana business uses for 3D elevation data, which are based on the estimated annual conservative benefits of 3DEP, are shown in table 2.
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"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","contact":"Director, National Geospatial Program
U.S. Geological Survey
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive, MS 511
Reston, VA 20192
Email: 3DEP@usgs.gov
","tableOfContents":"Beavers are ecosystem engineers and keystone species that protect freshwater resources and increase biodiversity. Beaver reintroductions are promoted for amphibian conservation, yet their impact on Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), a pathogen linked with amphibian population declines worldwide, remains unclear. We investigated the abiotic and biotic drivers of Bd prevalence in Columbia spotted frogs (Rana luteiventris) and western toads (Anaxyrus boreas) in 20 beaver-modified and 23 non-beaver wetlands in Glacier National Park, USA. We found that beavers increased wetland hydroperiod, which was associated with higher Bd prevalence. However, beavers also reduced wetland canopy cover, which was associated with lower Bd prevalence. Our models also predicted higher Bd prevalence associated with higher adult density of both species of amphibians, although species’ densities were similar in beaver-modified and non-beaver wetlands. These results suggest that beavers have a cumulatively negligible net effect on Bd prevalence owing to their effects on both hydroperiod and canopy cover, which is encouraging for amphibian conservation. Our findings also suggest that decreasing canopy cover may be a potential management option to reduce Bd prevalence. In addition, these findings indicate that beaver-mimicking restoration projects may harm amphibian populations if they increase wetland hydroperiods without reducing canopy cover.
","language":"English","publisher":"Royal Society Publishing","doi":"10.1098/rsos.241169","usgsCitation":"Fischer, L.M., Luis, A.D., Hossack, B., McMahon, T.A., and Lowe, W.H., 2025, Ecosystem-engineered infections: Beaver-modified wetlands are associated with conflicting drivers of amphibian pathogen prevalence: Royal Society Open Science, v. 12, no. 7, 241169, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.241169.","productDescription":"241169, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-159513","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":495745,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.241169","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":495709,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Glacier National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.86469041743416,\n 48.99734783362541\n ],\n [\n -113.86469041743416,\n 48.319004094254154\n ],\n [\n -113.210203320298,\n 48.319004094254154\n ],\n [\n -113.210203320298,\n 48.99734783362541\n ],\n [\n -113.86469041743416,\n 48.99734783362541\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fischer, Leah M","contributorId":361570,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fischer","given":"Leah","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":36523,"text":"University of Montana","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":948993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Luis, Angela D","contributorId":361571,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Luis","given":"Angela","middleInitial":"D","affiliations":[{"id":36523,"text":"University of Montana","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":948994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hossack, Blake 0000-0001-7456-9564 blake_hossack@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7456-9564","contributorId":207343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hossack","given":"Blake","email":"blake_hossack@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":948995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McMahon, Taegan A.","contributorId":361572,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McMahon","given":"Taegan","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":78677,"text":"University of Tampa","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":948996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lowe, Winsor H","contributorId":361573,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lowe","given":"Winsor","middleInitial":"H","affiliations":[{"id":36523,"text":"University of Montana","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":948997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70269587,"text":"70269587 - 2025 - The breeding season and movement ecology of male white‐tailed deer in southwest Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-28T14:45:17.409277","indexId":"70269587","displayToPublicDate":"2025-07-09T09:38:38","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1467,"text":"Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The breeding season and movement ecology of male white‐tailed deer in southwest Wisconsin","docAbstract":"White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus; hereafter, deer) have been widely studied regarding their breeding ecology and responses to hunting pressures. However, variations in defining the breeding season—its duration and timing—across studies have created uncertainty about whether regional differences in deer breeding ecology stem from ecological factors or methodological inconsistencies. This study aims to clarify the peak breeding season timing and the movement patterns of males during this period, particularly in relation to hunting seasons. Understanding how age and the timing of hunting seasons impact movement and breeding behaviors is important for wildlife managers, as these factors can affect harvest success. This study took place in southwest Wisconsin, using GPS data collected from 188 collared male deer between 15 October and 1 December from 2017 to 2020. Based on generalized linear mixed models, 2-year-old males exhibited higher hourly movement rates than other ages, and the opening weekend of the firearm hunting season had no significant effect on movement rates. In contrast, the variance in daily movement rate differed significantly between yearlings and older ages, with males 3 years and older displaying the highest variance. This suggests that older males may alternate more frequently between high-movement mate searching and lower-movement mate tending, potentially enhancing reproductive success. Similarly, 2-year-old males had larger daily ranges than both older and younger ages. Changepoint analysis of daily movement rates determined that the peak breeding season occurred between 23 October and 12 November, with little variation among ages and alternative metrics. Our findings indicate that male movement rates and ranges can reflect deer reproductive efforts and vary by age, which has important implications for reproductive success and disease transmission risk.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ece3.71589","usgsCitation":"Hunsaker, M., Gilbertson, M., Storm, D., and Turner, W.C., 2025, The breeding season and movement ecology of male white‐tailed deer in southwest Wisconsin: Ecology and Evolution, v. 15, no. 7, e71589, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.71589.","productDescription":"e71589, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-165270","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":493315,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.71589","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":492997,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.8,\n 43.25\n ],\n [\n -90.8,\n 42.95\n ],\n [\n -89.6,\n 42.95\n ],\n [\n -89.6,\n 43.25\n ],\n [\n -90.8,\n 43.25\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"15","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hunsaker, Matthew","contributorId":358692,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hunsaker","given":"Matthew","affiliations":[{"id":83274,"text":"University of Wisconsin–Madison","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":944110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gilbertson, Marie L.J.","contributorId":358694,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gilbertson","given":"Marie L.J.","affiliations":[{"id":83274,"text":"University of Wisconsin–Madison","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":944111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Storm, Daniel J.","contributorId":358697,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Storm","given":"Daniel J.","affiliations":[{"id":6913,"text":"Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":944112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Turner, Wendy Christine 0000-0002-0302-1646","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0302-1646","contributorId":287053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turner","given":"Wendy","email":"","middleInitial":"Christine","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":944113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70269532,"text":"70269532 - 2025 - 2022 McKinney rain-on-wildfire event, dissolved oxygen sags, and a fish kill on the Klamath River, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-25T14:15:52.74403","indexId":"70269532","displayToPublicDate":"2025-07-09T09:08:16","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3358,"text":"Scientific Reports","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"2022 McKinney rain-on-wildfire event, dissolved oxygen sags, and a fish kill on the Klamath River, California","docAbstract":"The longitudinal propagation of water-quality and ecological impairments in rivers during and after wildfires remain poorly understood. In Northern California, the 2022 McKinney Fire burned 243 km2 of the Klamath National Forest, with 83% of the burned area classified as moderate to high severity. During the active wildfire, a high-intensity monsoonal rain event triggered sediment-laden flooding and runoff-initiated debris flows, causing extreme water-quality impairments and a 95 km fish kill zone along the main-stem Klamath River. This rain-on-wildfire event produced a flood wave that outpaced a sediment pulse, diminishing the dilution effect of the floodwaters. A network of high-frequency water-quality sensors recorded water-quality impairments that propagated 296 km downstream. Impairments at the nearest monitoring station, situated 71 km downstream from the fire perimeter, included dissolved oxygen sags to zero (anoxia) for 5.25 h, turbidity spikes exceeding 1000 FNU, a doubling of specific conductance from 175 to 415 µS/cm (at 25 °C), and pH anomalies of 0.5 units from 7.8 to 7.3. This novel rain-on-wildfire event triggered the first flush of fire-scar material during an active wildfire, resulting in water-quality impairments unprecedented in the historical monitoring data for the river spanning 2012 to 2022. This study provides new insights into the potential role of rain-on-wildfire events in generating extreme downstream water-quality and ecological impairments in a more fire-prone future.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-08179-9","usgsCitation":"Curtis, J., Johnson, G., Cahill, J., Genzoli, L., Dahm, C., Schenk, L.N., and Oberholzer, J., 2025, 2022 McKinney rain-on-wildfire event, dissolved oxygen sags, and a fish kill on the Klamath River, California: Scientific Reports, v. 15, 24668, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-08179-9.","productDescription":"24668, 14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-161626","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":493309,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-08179-9","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":492907,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Oregon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.18203511324225,\n 42.00661546335127\n ],\n [\n -122.63359944859491,\n 42.00661546335127\n ],\n [\n -122.63359944859491,\n 41.86910985623359\n ],\n [\n -122.18203511324225,\n 41.86910985623359\n ],\n [\n -122.18203511324225,\n 42.00661546335127\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"15","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Curtis, Jennifer 0000-0001-7766-994X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7766-994X","contributorId":212727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Curtis","given":"Jennifer","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":943996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Grant 0009-0003-9549-2713","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9549-2713","contributorId":358610,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"Grant","affiliations":[{"id":80103,"text":"Karuk Tribe","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":943997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cahill, Josh 0009-0008-0811-3305","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0811-3305","contributorId":358613,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cahill","given":"Josh","affiliations":[{"id":38097,"text":"Yurok Tribe","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":943998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Genzoli, Laurel 0000-0001-5660-7627","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5660-7627","contributorId":358616,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Genzoli","given":"Laurel","affiliations":[{"id":28239,"text":"Univ of Montana","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":943999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dahm, Clifford 0000-0003-0191-6830","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0191-6830","contributorId":358619,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dahm","given":"Clifford","affiliations":[{"id":35754,"text":"Univ of New Mexico","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":944000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schenk, Liam N. 0000-0002-2491-0813 lschenk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2491-0813","contributorId":4273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schenk","given":"Liam","email":"lschenk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":944001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Oberholzer, John 0009-0005-9164-0330","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9164-0330","contributorId":358622,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oberholzer","given":"John","affiliations":[{"id":80103,"text":"Karuk Tribe","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":944002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70268446,"text":"ofr20251026 - 2025 - Wake Atoll vessel movement biosecurity program efficacy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-03T14:18:39.033143","indexId":"ofr20251026","displayToPublicDate":"2025-07-08T10:21:43","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2025-1026","displayTitle":"Wake Atoll Vessel Movement Biosecurity Program Efficacy","title":"Wake Atoll vessel movement biosecurity program efficacy","docAbstract":"The purpose of this Wake Atoll Vessel Movement Biosecurity Program Efficacy document is to provide the United States Air Force (USAF) with an unbiased review of the current (2015; hereafter referred to as the 2015 Biosecurity Plan) biosecurity plan for the military base Wake Island Airfield (WIA) on Wake Atoll (hereafter Wake). Periodic reviews are an integral step for evaluating plan efficacy and updating plans with new information for improving plan effectiveness. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) acted as an external expert to provide the first unbiased assessment of the program and observe how it was being implemented. The USAF 2015 Wake Island Biosecurity Management Plan goes beyond sea vessel and container biosecurity; however, those aspects were not included in this evaluation.
We used several methods for a quality assurance evaluation of the 2015 sea vessel and shipping container biosecurity program specified in the Biosecurity Plan. Our evaluation included real-time observations in Hawai`i and at Wake. We surveyed cargo staging areas and empty shipping containers before supply shipment and the containers, barge, and marina at Wake after shipment. We used various detection tools and techniques (for example, visual encounter surveys, glue boards, chew cards, camera traps, and so on). We carried out an insect mortality experiment trial using one of the required shipping container biosecurity tools (dichlorvos impregnated pest strips). We also included a table-top review of documentation (largely the 2015 Biosecurity Plan) with respect to our observations to provide an assessment of how well the Biosecurity Plan protocols were carried out and how well they serve their intended purpose.
We observed biosecurity concerns in each focal area and stage of cargo handling (before and after barge movement) across all surveys of containers, flat racks, break bulk, warehouses, and dock areas. Using visual inspections, we recorded biosecurity concerns for every empty container we inspected before it was to be stuffed with cargo. Most containers had structural integrity issues (such as holes and damaged floorboards) and sanitation concerns, including live animals and plant matter or seeds. About one third of the containers had mold and a few had wet floorboards or standing water. We detected live animals on the break bulk, and flat racks were in poor condition. Next, we inspected cargo staging areas and noted extensive permeability of the building where cargo was staged for the 2018 resupply shipment and the building that had typically been used. We included the adjacent dock area used for staging break bulk, shipping containers and mooring the barge. We detected more than 5,000 individuals of 105 species. We also detected seeds in each location and scattered vegetation in the dock area, including growing in from the area outside separated by a chain link fence.
During surveys at Wake, we observed that 100 percent of the shipping containers, including all containers sent with required biosecurity tools, had live animals. The barge had only one unsecured snap trap for intercepting rodents aboard, we saw areas with fairly deep layers of dirt (or soil; we did not examine it to determine its properties), and there was plant matter with seed heads on the barge gangway that could easily be transported onto the barge. There was also only one snap trap station that was improperly placed on the dock. We also observed piled wood and vegetation nearby that could provide refuge to potential stowaway animals escaping.
Combined, surveys of the containers, staging areas, barges, and receiving area in Hawai`i and at Wake resulted in detection of more than 9,000 individuals of 131 animal species; nearly 4,000 individuals of 62 species were detected in surveys of containers once they had arrived at Wake. None of the species identified are known to be native to Wake. Our preliminary risk analysis of all species detected included eight species that we scored as high risk of potentially negative effects to biodiversity, infrastructure, or human health should they arrive at Wake and become established. Six of these species were only recorded using tools not clearly required by the Biosecurity Plan or being used to implement the plan.
We observed that the required biosecurity tools intended to intercept animals in the cargo staging area did not target the suite nor number of species present. Our analysis also indicated the required biosecurity tools intended to intercept animals in shipping containers were inadequate to handle the volume of organisms that were in the containers. The insect mortality trial experiment showed the pest strips were highly effective for only one of the three species tested, leaving uncertainty about how effective they are across the suite of potential species stowing away in cargo and containers.
Base Operating Support (BOS) did not carry out all Biosecurity Plan actions, but we also noted the document uses terminology such as “recommendation” as opposed to “requirement” which may lead contractors to consider those actions as optional. However, USAF provided evidence of BOS training and follow up; this included detailed identification of specific requirements for some of the biosecurity actions that we did not observe being carried out.
The 2015 Biosecurity Plan contains critical and useful components that seem to be well carried out. However, we also saw discrepancies, weaknesses, or both across methods and protocols currently used for Wake Atoll biosecurity. We observed shortcomings at each stage of our survey as well as in the plan as written, and we suggest general modifications to the Biosecurity Plan for consideration to potentially strengthen biosecurity overall.
Prevention is the most efficient and cost-effective biosecurity measure. Based on our findings, we see possible solutions to improve existing preventative biosecurity efforts and reduce potential incursion at Wake. These potential solutions include creating and implementing the following:
Management of invasive species enhances capability to protect human health and the environment as well as to advance mission accomplishment. Biosecurity plans are an integral component for addressing invasive species. Periodic evaluation of the efficacy of these plans is useful for identifying elements that are working well and for illuminating those that can be improved. Evaluations encourage consideration of new tools and adaptation of processes to achieve better outcomes and accommodate potential future threats more efficiently and more cost effectively.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20251026","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Air Force","programNote":"Ecosystems Mission Area—Biological Threats and Invasive Species Research Program","usgsCitation":"Hathaway, S.A., Molden, J.C., Peck, R., Rex, K.R., Brehme, C.S., Black, T., and Fisher, R.N., 2025, Wake Atoll vessel movement biosecurity program efficacy: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2025–1026, 130 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20251026","productDescription":"x, 130 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-155305","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":491323,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1026/ofr20251026.pdf","text":"Report","size":"22.9 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2025-1026"},{"id":491324,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20251026/full","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"OFR 2025-1026"},{"id":491326,"rank":5,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1026/ofr20251026.XML"},{"id":491325,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1026/images"},{"id":491322,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1026/coverthb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Wake Atoll","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 166.58609930546095,\n 19.335566334904826\n ],\n [\n 166.58609930546095,\n 19.259871066135005\n ],\n [\n 166.6712110656557,\n 19.259871066135005\n ],\n [\n 166.6712110656557,\n 19.335566334904826\n ],\n [\n 166.58609930546095,\n 19.335566334904826\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Western Ecological Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3020 State University Drive East
Sacramento, California 95819
Background
Proteins encoded by the canonical transient receptor potential (Trpc) gene family form transmembrane channels involved in diverse signal-transduction pathways. Trpc4 has been shown necessary for the induction of nonshivering thermogenesis (NST) in mice, a key component of which is thermogenic brown adipose tissue (BAT). In bats, Trpc4 exhibited diversifying selection within exons encoding regulatory binding sites of TRPC4.
Methods
To assess whether diversification of these regulatory sequences mirrors the diversification of mammalian thermoregulatory strategies, the ratio of nonsynonymous to synonymous substitutions (ω) was estimated for multiple tetrapod outgroups and eutherian orders. Four questions were addressed: (1) Did the ancestral eutherian Trpc4 diverge under positive selection from nonplacental mammals that lack BAT? (2) Did Trpc4 subsequently become more constrained in descendant eutherian clades? (3) In eutherian clades that subsequently lost BAT by inactivation of the thermogenin gene Ucp1, did Trpc4 become less constrained? (4) Does the evolutionary rate of Trpc4 differ between quantitatively more heterothermic mammal orders (bats and rodents) relative to quantitatively less heterothermic outgroups (carnivores, artiodactylids, and primates)?
Results
Coincident with the advent of BAT, Trpc4 evolutionary rate increased significantly in ancestral eutheria after their divergence from nonplacental mammals but a branch-site model did not support a rate class ω > 1 along that branch. In descendant eutherian mammals, Trpc4 became far more constrained, with an evolutionary rate less than half that of tetrapod clades lacking NST, a pattern was not seen in other Trp channel genes. Intensifying selection in descendent eutherian mammals was further supported with the RELAX program, which also indicated reduced constraint on Trpc4 in clades that have secondarily lost BAT. However, no consistent pattern was identified within mammalian orders with strong variation in heterothermy: evidence of increased evolutionary rate was again found in bats for Trpc4 as well as homologs it directly binds in heteromeric membrane channels (Trpc5 and Trpc1), yet all rodent Trpc genes had low evolutionary rates. Evolutionary rates of Trpc4 and Trpc1 in bats were consistent with relaxed constraint whereas bat Trpc5 experienced diversifying selection. Most variation among tetrapod TRPC4 sequences lies within an 85 amino-acid window that is functionally uncharacterized. Sequence alignments demonstrated that the TRPC4 β isoform, which lacks a portion of the C-terminal regulatory region, originated in basal eutherians but appears to be lost in many tip lineages. Collectively, the data indicate that the C-terminal region of TRPC4 has responded to selection on NST thermoregulation during the diversification of eutherian mammals. The drivers of increased diversification of Trpc4 and interacting genes in bats remain to be determined.
","language":"English","publisher":"PeerJ","doi":"10.7717/peerj.19697","usgsCitation":"Cornman, R.S., 2025, Molecular evolution of TRPC4 regulatory sequences supports a role in mammalian thermoregulatory adaptation: PeerJ, v. 13, e19697, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.19697.","productDescription":"e19697, 25 p.","ipdsId":"IP-175755","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":492081,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.19697","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":491897,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cornman, Robert S. 0000-0001-9511-2192 rcornman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9511-2192","contributorId":5356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cornman","given":"Robert","email":"rcornman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":942469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70271514,"text":"70271514 - 2025 - The structural and functional impacts of invasive Psidium cattleianum in forests on the Island of Hawai’i","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-18T15:47:04.577037","indexId":"70271514","displayToPublicDate":"2025-07-07T10:36:22","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1478,"text":"Ecosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"The structural and functional impacts of invasive Psidium cattleianum in forests on the Island of Hawai’i","title":"The structural and functional impacts of invasive Psidium cattleianum in forests on the Island of Hawai’i","docAbstract":"During the past century, the proliferation of invasive species has contributed to loss of biodiversity and ecosystem degradation. In forests, invasive tree species can alter ecosystem function, but the underlying mechanisms of these changes are not fully understood. We use the ongoing invasion of P. cattleianum on the Island of Hawai’i to test the hypotheses that invasive structural changes drive changes to forest evapotranspiration (ET). The aim of our study is first to quantify the structural changes to native ‘ōhi‘a -dominated forest impacted by a gradient of P. cattleianum invasion. Our results suggest that invasive P. cattleianum causes significant changes to the vegetation density and structure of native forest on the Island of Hawai’i, including increased vegetation area index, decreased mean leaf height, and decreased structural heterogeneity. Second, we strove to understand the functional implications of structural changes through a biophysical modeling simulation, testing the sensitivity of ET to canopy structure under contrasting scenarios. Modeling the functional impact of structural change, we found that plots with P. cattleianum invasion importance value (IVinv) above 0.35 have a higher likelihood to increase ET compared to plots with P. cattleianum invasion less than 0.35 IVinv. Modeled increases in ET due to invasion ranged from 19 and 123% relative to native transects. The large variation in ET increases is caused by structural variation because the modeling scenarios did not include potential species differences in leaf physiology. Diagnostic scenario modeling shows the effect size of increased leaf area on modeled ET is constrained by the structural arrangement, that is vertical distribution, of the increased vegetation. Thus, invasion structure that increases vegetation density in taller, more sunlit forest strata will lead to a greater increase in ET compared to invasion structure that increases vegetation density in the shaded forest understory. Overall, we conclude the vertical distribution of vegetation is an important factor shaping the impact of invasive P. cattleianum on the forest water balance.
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Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":948990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Liang, Yutong","contributorId":361565,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liang","given":"Yutong","affiliations":[{"id":27526,"text":"Georgia Institute of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":948991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Battles, John J.","contributorId":102006,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Battles","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6609,"text":"UC Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":948992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70268880,"text":"70268880 - 2025 - Comparing year-class strength indices from longitudinal analysis of catch-at-age data with those from catch-curve regression: Application to Lake Huron lake trout","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-09T15:22:32.22606","indexId":"70268880","displayToPublicDate":"2025-07-07T08:17:13","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":6476,"text":"Fishes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparing year-class strength indices from longitudinal analysis of catch-at-age data with those from catch-curve regression: Application to Lake Huron lake trout","docAbstract":"Fish year-class strength (YCS) has been estimated via longitudinal analysis of catch-at-age data and via catch-curve regression, but no study has compared the two approaches. The objective of this study was to compare YCS estimates derived from both approaches applied to catch-at-age data for the lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) population in the main basin of Lake Huron, one of the Laurentian Great Lakes of North America. YCS was reconstructed for both hatchery-stocked and wild lake trout. Akaike information criterion (AIC) and Bayesian information criterion (BIC) were used to compare 14 linear mixed-effects models for longitudinal analysis of catch-at-age data, and three linear mixed-effects models for catch-curve regression. From the best models based on AIC or BIC comparisons, YCS estimates with year-class as a fixed effect were consistent with those estimated with year-class as a random effect. Patterns and trends in the YCS estimates were also the same or similar between the longitudinal analysis of catch-at-age data approach and the catch-curve regression approach, suggesting that both modeling approaches are applicable to a variety of fish populations. indicating that both approaches provide robust measures of YCS. Potential bias in using the approach of catch-curve regression could be caused by abrupt changes in adult mortality. It is also critical to recognize multiple recruitment origins for using the approach of longitudinal analysis of catch-at-age data.","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/fishes10070332","usgsCitation":"He, J.X., and Madenjian, C.P., 2025, Comparing year-class strength indices from longitudinal analysis of catch-at-age data with those from catch-curve regression: Application to Lake Huron lake trout: Fishes, v. 10, no. 7, 332, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes10070332.","productDescription":"332, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-180112","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":492085,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes10070332","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":491902,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","otherGeospatial":"Lake Huron","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -84.81244272435032,\n 46.219483545610046\n ],\n [\n -84.45502123393308,\n 45.72128532835587\n ],\n [\n -83.53367997338103,\n 45.26517590645393\n ],\n [\n -83.41430066653513,\n 44.44170419606339\n ],\n [\n -84.10774211212554,\n 43.61709237133303\n ],\n [\n -83.62831234986241,\n 43.568154757819165\n ],\n [\n -82.8360145811905,\n 44.05230260646631\n ],\n [\n -82.51388267584665,\n 43.01830574568019\n ],\n [\n -81.70146487579785,\n 43.13447283374384\n ],\n [\n -81.19143655270658,\n 44.558403858438155\n ],\n [\n -81.968013163843,\n 45.696943546171696\n ],\n [\n -84.81244272435032,\n 46.219483545610046\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"10","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"He, Ji X.","contributorId":181528,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"He","given":"Ji","email":"","middleInitial":"X.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":942466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Madenjian, Charles P. 0000-0002-0326-164X cmadenjian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0326-164X","contributorId":2200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madenjian","given":"Charles","email":"cmadenjian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":942467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70268843,"text":"70268843 - 2025 - Relating surface water dynamics in wetlands and lakes to spatial variability in hydrologic signatures","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-08T15:05:18.801102","indexId":"70268843","displayToPublicDate":"2025-07-05T08:01:02","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":21989,"text":"Wetland Ecology & Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relating surface water dynamics in wetlands and lakes to spatial variability in hydrologic signatures","docAbstract":"The retention of surface water in wetlands and lakes can modify the timing, duration, and magnitude of river discharge. However, efforts to characterize the influence of surface water on discharge regimes have been generally limited to small, wetland-dense watersheds. We developed random forest models to explain spatial variability in six hydrologic signatures, reflecting flashiness, high, and low flow conditions, at 72 gaged watersheds with variable water storage capacity across the conterminous United States. In addition to variables representing meteorology and landscape characteristics, we also tested the inclusion of surface water dynamics, derived from Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2. Models for all six signatures improved with the addition of catchment characteristics, including surface water dynamics, relative to models with only climate variables. Percent improvement in model adjusted R2, mean square error, and Akaike information criterion ranged from 4.00 to 14.33%, 5.00 to 20.30%, and 2.75–8.14, respectively. Automated variable selection can be indicative of the relative importance of certain variables over others. Using a forward selection process, five of the six signature models selected remotely sensed inundation or wetland variables (p < 0.05). For example, the variable semi-permanent and permanent (SP + P) floodplain inundation (i.e., lakes along rivers) was associated with lower annual flashiness. Further, SP + P non-floodplain waters and geographically isolated wetlands significantly contributed to explaining variability in the low flow signatures. Our findings underscore the capacity of wetlands to stabilize and maintain flows during dry periods. Improved understanding of how surface water dynamics influence hydrologic signatures can inform wetland restoration efforts and facilitate improved resilience to extreme flow conditions.
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Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":942340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70268864,"text":"70268864 - 2025 - Identifying presence or absence of grizzly and polar bear cubs from the movements of adult females with machine learning","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-09T15:32:38.339545","indexId":"70268864","displayToPublicDate":"2025-07-04T10:24:18","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2792,"text":"Movement Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Identifying presence or absence of grizzly and polar bear cubs from the movements of adult females with machine learning","docAbstract":"Information on reproductive success is crucial to understanding population dynamics but can be difficult to obtain, particularly for species that birth while denning. For grizzly (Ursus arctos) and polar bears (U. maritimus), den visits are impractical because of safety and logistical considerations. Reproduction is typically documented through direct observation, which can be difficult, costly, and often occurs long after den departure. Reproduction could be documented remotely, however, from post-denning movement data if discernable differences exist between females with and without cubs.
We trained support vector machines (SVMs) with eight variables derived from telemetry data of female grizzly (2000–2022) and polar bears (1985–2016) with or without cubs during seven periods with lengths ranging from 5 to 60 days starting at den departure. We assessed SVM classification accuracy by withholding two samples (one cub-present, one cub-absent), training SVMs with the remaining data, predicting classification of the withheld samples, and repeating this process for each sample combination. Additionally, we evaluated how classification accuracy for grizzly bears was influenced by sample size, length of the post-departure period, and frequency of standardized location estimates.
Accuracy of predicting cub presence or absence was 87% for grizzly bears with only 5 days of post-departure data and increased to a maximum of 92% with 20 days of data. For polar bears, accuracy was 86% at 5 days post-departure and increased to a maximum of 93% at 50 days. Classification accuracy for grizzly bears increased from 76 to 90% when sample size increased from 10 to 30 bears while holding period length constant (30 days) but did not increase at larger sample sizes. When sample size was held constant, increasing the length of the post-departure period did not affect classification accuracy markedly.
Presence or absence of grizzly and polar bear cubs can be identified with high accuracy even when SVM models are trained with limited data. Detecting cub presence or absence remotely could improve estimates of reproductive success and litter survival, enhancing our understanding of factors affecting cub recruitment.
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0000-0001-7740-7771","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7740-7771","contributorId":130989,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilson","given":"Ryan","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":942427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70268851,"text":"70268851 - 2025 - Environmental drivers of productivity explain population patterns of an Arctic-nesting goose across a half-century","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-08T15:11:20.461854","indexId":"70268851","displayToPublicDate":"2025-07-04T08:06:20","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Environmental drivers of productivity explain population patterns of an Arctic-nesting goose across a half-century","docAbstract":"Joint estimation of demographic rates and population size has become an essential tool in ecology because it enables evaluating mechanisms for population change and testing hypotheses about drivers of demography in a single modeling framework. This approach provides a comprehensive perspective on population dynamics and how animal populations will respond to global pressures in future years. However, long-term data for such analyses are often limited in quantity and quality. We developed an integrated population model combining data on demography and population size from nine different sources to understand the population ecology of the lesser snow goose (Anser caerulescens caerulescens) in the Pacific Flyway in North America from 1970 to 2022. We divided the flyway population into Wrangel Island and Western Arctic subpopulations and assessed demographic mechanisms for population change and environmental and anthropogenic drivers that influenced demography. During 1970–2022, the estimated spring population of snow geese in the Pacific Flyway increased from ~300,000 to ~2,300,000. Short-term changes in population growth rate were primarily driven by changes in productivity in the Western Arctic and productivity and immigration in Wrangel Island. Changes in hunting and natural mortality had less influence on short-term but likely contributed to the pronounced long-term population growth. Early snowmelt positively influenced per capita productivity in both regions, and warm, rainy weather during the non-breeding season was associated with high per capita productivity in the Western Arctic. In the Western Arctic, per capita productivity was negatively associated with population size, and adult natural mortality was positively associated with population size, indicating density-dependent regulation in this subpopulation. In Wrangel Island, warm weather in early fall decreased juvenile natural mortality. Our results demonstrate that per capita productivity and immigration, rather than adult survival, were the primary mechanisms of short-term population change in this long-lived species. Our results also indicate that environmental conditions and density-dependent effects can impact population dynamics more than harvest, even for a long-lived, commonly harvested species. We demonstrate that a warming climate can have multiple effects on demography, emphasizing the importance of assessing a variety of spatial and temporal factors when predicting how populations might respond to large-scale environmental changes. This emphasizes the importance of conservation plans that consider these environmental drivers, although this may complicate direct management of such populations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/eap.70067","usgsCitation":"Piironen, A., Knetter, J.M., Spragens, K., Dooley, J., Patil, V.P., Reed, E.T., Ross, M.V., Gibson, D., Behney, A.C., Petrie, M.J., Sanders, T., and Weegman, M., 2025, Environmental drivers of productivity explain population patterns of an Arctic-nesting goose across a half-century: Ecological Applications, v. 35, no. 5, e70067, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.70067.","productDescription":"e70067, 20 p.","ipdsId":"IP-171089","costCenters":[{"id":65299,"text":"Alaska Science Center Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":492053,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.70067","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":491799,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": 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Daniel","contributorId":94984,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gibson","given":"Daniel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":942381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Behney, Adam C.","contributorId":171686,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Behney","given":"Adam","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":942382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Petrie, Mark J.","contributorId":214396,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Petrie","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":36215,"text":"Ducks Unlimited","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":942383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Sanders, 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Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":9346,"text":"Science of Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Automated generation of an urban synthetic elevation checkpoint network across the North Carolina coastline, USA","docAbstract":"Lidar and structure from motion-derived digital elevation and surface models have widespread application. Consideration of a topographic model's vertical root mean squared error (RMSEz) and systematic directional bias is important for many of these applications, particularly landscape change detection and measurement. Due to logistic, resource, and time constraints, wide area remotely sensed topographic surveys are not always accompanied by an in situ checkpoint network for validating and characterizing survey error. Here we describe and test a method for automatically generating synthetic elevation checkpoints in bulk across hundreds of kilometers using a publicly available lidar-derived DEM time-series, road vector network, and landcover classification map. Our method produced 6000–10,000 synthetic checkpoints across the developed barrier island coastline of North Carolina. These checkpoints characterized vertical error metrics in a statistically similar way as in situ checkpoints when assessing the vertical accuracy of a contemporary lidar-derived DEM and produced RMSEz metrics an average of 0.018 m from the RMSEz of historical lidar DEMs published with tested accuracy metrics. This new method has the potential to A) lower the cost and time required to validate new remotely sensed topographic surveys by reducing or eliminating the field work associated with in situ checkpoint surveys, B) provide a means of retroactively assessing the absolute vertical accuracy and systematic bias of historical topographic datasets that were not published with tested accuracy metrics, and C) generate reference networks to assess and correct spatially variable patterns of vertical bias in topographic datasets.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.srs.2025.100252","usgsCitation":"Seymour, A.C., Kranenburg, C.J., and Doran, K., 2025, Automated generation of an urban synthetic elevation checkpoint network across the North Carolina coastline, USA: Science of Remote Sensing, v. 12, 100252, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.srs.2025.100252.","productDescription":"100252, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-160786","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":494186,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.srs.2025.100252","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":493850,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.25473663967196,\n 36.645619157350026\n ],\n [\n -76.25473663967196,\n 35.102166390295025\n ],\n [\n -75.37748509576826,\n 35.102166390295025\n ],\n [\n -75.37748509576826,\n 36.645619157350026\n ],\n [\n -76.25473663967196,\n 36.645619157350026\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Seymour, Alexander C. 0000-0002-7680-6102","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7680-6102","contributorId":238616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seymour","given":"Alexander","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":945217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kranenburg, Christine J. 0000-0002-2955-0167 ckranenburg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2955-0167","contributorId":169234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kranenburg","given":"Christine","email":"ckranenburg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":945218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Doran, Kara S. 0000-0001-8050-5727","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8050-5727","contributorId":292448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doran","given":"Kara S.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":945219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70273905,"text":"70273905 - 2025 - Contaminated stormwater sediment source tracking for polychlorinated biphenyls in an urban watershed of the Chesapeake Bay, United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-13T15:35:19.238788","indexId":"70273905","displayToPublicDate":"2025-07-03T08:26:15","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2233,"text":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Contaminated stormwater sediment source tracking for polychlorinated biphenyls in an urban watershed of the Chesapeake Bay, United States","docAbstract":"Fine-grained sediment in stormwater acts as a vector for persistent organic pollutants, like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), through mobilization from sources within drainage areas of impacted urban watersheds. This study implemented a novel approach to identify the relative contributions of various landscape and stream sources of sediment from the Back River watershed in eastern Baltimore, Maryland, and investigated the applicability of using trace PCBs found in an urban environment as discriminants between each source type. Trace PCBs were found to be poor discriminants when identifying the relative sediment contributions of watershed-scale land use categories. When excluding PCBs in the development of a sediment fingerprinting model and instead utilizing trace elements and carbon only, sediment fingerprint modeling successfully differentiated green spaces and eroding streambanks as the most significant contributors to stormwaters sediment (37.1 % and 44.0 %, respectively) of the total sediment contributions of all considered source categories. In all samples collected from various landscape sources, storms, and cores detectable concentrations of PCBs were measured. The results of this study indicate that sediment fingerprinting may not be an effective method in predicting where PCBs may be found within an impacted watershed.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2025.104657","usgsCitation":"Foss, E.P., Clifton, Z.J., Majcher, E.H., Needham, T.P., and Psoras, A.W., 2025, Contaminated stormwater sediment source tracking for polychlorinated biphenyls in an urban watershed of the Chesapeake Bay, United States: Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, v. 274, 104657, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2025.104657.","productDescription":"104657, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-177312","costCenters":[{"id":41514,"text":"Maryland-Delaware-District of Columbia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500086,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","city":"Baltimore","otherGeospatial":"Back River watershed, Chesapeake Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.50954075138807,\n 39.32799166380633\n ],\n [\n -76.50954075138807,\n 39.256713104432606\n ],\n [\n -76.43110757990168,\n 39.256713104432606\n ],\n [\n -76.43110757990168,\n 39.32799166380633\n ],\n [\n -76.50954075138807,\n 39.32799166380633\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"274","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Foss, Ellie P. 0000-0001-9090-4617","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9090-4617","contributorId":290902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foss","given":"Ellie","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":41514,"text":"Maryland-Delaware-District of Columbia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":955721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clifton, Zachary J. 0000-0002-8148-5454","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8148-5454","contributorId":220551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clifton","given":"Zachary","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":955722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Majcher, Emily H. 0000-0001-7144-6809","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7144-6809","contributorId":203335,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Majcher","given":"Emily","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":41514,"text":"Maryland-Delaware-District of Columbia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":955723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Needham, Trevor P. 0000-0001-9356-4216","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9356-4216","contributorId":245024,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Needham","given":"Trevor","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":41514,"text":"Maryland-Delaware-District of Columbia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":955724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Psoras, Andrew W. 0000-0002-1779-5079","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1779-5079","contributorId":347166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Psoras","given":"Andrew","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":41514,"text":"Maryland-Delaware-District of Columbia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":955725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70268798,"text":"70268798 - 2025 - Estimating earthquake source depth using teleseismic broadband waveform modeling at the USGS National Earthquake Information Center","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-11-18T16:54:14.031875","indexId":"70268798","displayToPublicDate":"2025-07-02T10:14:18","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating earthquake source depth using teleseismic broadband waveform modeling at the USGS National Earthquake Information Center","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geologic Survey National Earthquake Information Center (NEIC) monitors global seismicity, producing a catalog of earthquake source parameters in near-real-time to provide information that can help mitigate the societal impact of earthquakes. The NEIC commonly relies on teleseismic observations to constrain earthquake source parameters (e.g., location, depth, magnitude, and mechanism) due to a lack of local and regional observations. For these ‘teleseismic’ events, depth phase (i.e., pP, sP) arrival time observations provide the best estimate on source depth. However, depth phases are often difficult to accurately identify and/or pick. Therefore, NEIC relies on waveform modeling, such as those determined from W-phase (Mww), body wave (Mwb), and regional (Mwr) moment tensor estimations, to provide constraints on source depth. While depth estimates from these approaches are informative, higher frequency observations provide more precise estimates because depth phases are more prominently observed at higher frequencies. Here, we present NEIC’s relatively high-frequency (~0.04 to 1 Hz) teleseismic waveform modeling approach, termed Synthetic Depth Phase Modeling (SynDepth), for determining source depth. SynDepth was developed to provide NEIC with a tool that enables rapid, accurate, and quantifiable estimates of earthquake source depth in cases where locator depths are not reliable. This relatively simple and fast procedure searches over 1 km-incremented source depths and an expanding triangular source-time function to find the best-fitting solution. We compare automatic SynDepth solutions for a dataset of 1,216 earthquakes (M5.5-M7.6) between 2017 and 2021 to NEIC-derived depth estimates from other methods. Our approach provides a robust depth estimate for earthquakes lacking local arrival time data, and it minimizes the need for analyst review of depth-phase picks (pP, sP) or using predefined ‘fixed’ depths.
","language":"English","publisher":"GeoScienceWorld","doi":"10.1785/0220240372","usgsCitation":"Yeck, W.L., Herrmann, R., Patton, J., Barnhart, W.D., and Benz, H.M., 2025, Estimating earthquake source depth using teleseismic broadband waveform modeling at the USGS National Earthquake Information Center: Seismological Research Letters, v. 96, no. 6, p. 3643-3655, https://doi.org/10.1785/0220240372.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"3643","endPage":"3655","ipdsId":"IP-167539","costCenters":[{"id":78686,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center - Seismology / Geomagnetism","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":491836,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"96","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yeck, William L. 0000-0002-2801-8873 wyeck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2801-8873","contributorId":147558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yeck","given":"William","email":"wyeck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":942024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Herrmann, Robert B.","contributorId":80255,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Herrmann","given":"Robert B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":942025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Patton, John 0000-0003-0142-5118","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0142-5118","contributorId":218681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patton","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":942026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Barnhart, William D. 0000-0003-0498-1697 wbarnhart@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0498-1697","contributorId":294678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnhart","given":"William","email":"wbarnhart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":942027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Benz, Harley M. 0000-0002-6860-2134 benz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6860-2134","contributorId":794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benz","given":"Harley","email":"benz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":942028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70268796,"text":"70268796 - 2025 - 2024 Surprise Inlet landslides: Insights from a prototype landslide‐triggered tsunami monitoring system in Prince William Sound, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-08T16:16:15.639994","indexId":"70268796","displayToPublicDate":"2025-07-02T09:12:05","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"2024 Surprise Inlet landslides: Insights from a prototype landslide‐triggered tsunami monitoring system in Prince William Sound, Alaska","docAbstract":"Alaska's coastal communities face growing landslide hazards owing to glacier retreat and extreme weather intensified by the warming climate, yet hazard monitoring remains challenging. As part of ongoing experimental monitoring in Prince William Sound, we detected three large landslides (0.5–2.3 M m3) at Surprise Inlet on 20 September 2024, within the span of an hour. These events were identified in near real-time through seismic data and later confirmed using satellite imagery, tidal records, and infrasound. The landslides generated a modest tsunami, and a 4 cm wave was recorded by a tide gauge 18 km away, marking the first recorded landslide to reach water since monitoring began in this region in 2021. Here, we examine the detection and interpretation of these landslides using multiple data sources and modeling. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this regional seismic monitoring system and show how complementary instrumentation, where available, can enhance detection capabilities.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2025GL115911","usgsCitation":"Karasozen, E., West, M.E., Barnhart, K.R., Lyons, J.J., Nichols, T., Schaefer, L.N., Bahng, B., Ohlendorf, S., Staley, D.M., and Wolken, G.J., 2025, 2024 Surprise Inlet landslides: Insights from a prototype landslide‐triggered tsunami monitoring system in Prince William Sound, Alaska: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 52, no. 13, e2025GL115911, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2025GL115911.","productDescription":"e2025GL115911, 11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-176964","costCenters":[{"id":78941,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center - Landslides / Earthquake Geology","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":492061,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025gl115911","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":491813,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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