The availability of cold-water refugia during summertime river-water temperature maximums is important for cold-water fish species including Endangered Species Act listed salmonids since water temperature influences metabolism, growth, and phenology. The U.S. Geological Survey monitored water temperature at 10 sites approximately evenly-spaced along the lower Quinault River on the Olympic Peninsula, Washington, from June 2016 to August 2017 to assess thermal conditions in the lower river. During this 15-month period, there was a near-continuous, 15-minute record at 7 of the sites; complications with thermistors at 3 of the 10 sites limited the temperature dataset to include only summer 2016. In addition, near-streambed and water-surface temperatures were measured along the lower river during a longitudinal survey from August 9 to 12, 2016, during summer baseflow conditions to potentially identify cold or cooler water regions. Measured August water temperatures were warmer than model-predicted August temperatures for the period, 1993–2011. Summertime (July–September) daily minimum temperatures exceeded established salmon habitat threshold temperatures of 16 °C (core summer season) and 17.5 °C (spawning, rearing, and migration periods) for 122 and 65 days, respectively, on average at all monitoring sites with a complete 15-month record that included two summer baseflow periods. Summertime water temperatures at those sites were generally cooler in the downstream direction along the lower Quinault River but became warmer in the downstream direction during the rest of the year, suggesting the river was influenced by diffuse discharge of groundwater with a relatively constant annual temperature. The August longitudinal temperature survey did not detect cold-water refugia (features more than 3 °C cooler than ambient stream water), although it did identify 11 cooler water features (CWF) approximately 100–800 m in length that were 0.1 °C cooler than adjacent upstream or downstream water. The CWFs appeared to correspond to local geomorphic conditions. In August 2017, 10 of the 11 CWFs were field surveyed, and 5 appeared to be influenced by shading from solar radiation by riparian vegetation or steep cliff banks. In addition, field observations suggest that finer scale (that is, less than 10 m) CWFs, specifically individual side pools associated with large, in-channel wood, increased in frequency in the downstream direction along the lower Quinault River. However, this study did not quantify the density or water temperatures associated with these fine-scale features that may serve as cool- or cold-water pockets or patches.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20181129","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Quinault Indian Nation","usgsCitation":"Jaeger, K.L., Curran, C.A., Wulfkuhle, E.J., and Opatz, C.O., 2018, Water temperature in the lower Quinault River, Olympic Peninsula, Washington, June 2016–August 2017: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2018-1129, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181129.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 24 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"32","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-094010","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356563,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1129/ofr20181129.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 20181129"},{"id":356562,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1129/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":363267,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7C53J2D","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"Water temperature and depth data for the lower Quinault River during summer baseflow, Washington, August 2016 and 2017"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Lower Quinault RIver, Olympic Peninsula","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.35,\n 47.55\n ],\n [\n -123.5,\n 47.55\n ],\n [\n -123.5,\n 47.25\n ],\n [\n -124.35,\n 47.25\n ],\n [\n -124.35,\n 47.55\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Washington Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
934 Broadway, Suite 300
Tacoma, Washington 98402
Cold-water corals provide critical habitats for a multitude of marine species, but are understudied relative to tropical corals. Primnoa pacifica is a cold-water coral prevalent throughout Alaskan waters, while another species in the genus, Primnoa resedaeformis, is widely distributed in the Atlantic Ocean. This study examined the V4-V5 region of the 16S rRNA gene after amplifying and pyrosequencing bacterial DNA from samples of these species. Key differences between the two species’ microbiomes included a robust presence of bacteria belonging to the Chlamydiales order in most of the P. pacifica samples, whereas no more than 2% of any microbial community from P. resedaeformiscomprised these bacteria. Microbiomes of P. resedaeformis exhibited higher diversity than those of P. pacifica, and the two species largely clustered separately in a principal coordinate analysis. Comparison of P. resedaeformis microbiomes from samples collected in two submarine canyons revealed a significant difference between locations. This finding mirrored significant genetic differences among the P. resedaeformis from the two canyons based upon population genetic analysis of microsatellite loci. This study presents the first report of microbiomes associated with these two coral species.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1038/s41598-018-30901-z","usgsCitation":"Goldsmith, D.B., Kellogg, C.A., Morrison, C.L., Gray, M.A., Stone, R.P., Waller, R.G., Brooke, S.D., and Ross, S., 2018, Comparison of microbiomes of cold-water corals Primnoa pacifica and Primnoa resedaeformis, with possible link between microbiome composition and host genotype: Scientific Reports, v. 8, 12383; 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-30901-z.","productDescription":"12383; 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-091190","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468490,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-30901-z","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":356632,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-08-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98a283e4b0702d0e842f13","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goldsmith, Dawn B. 0000-0003-0080-5346 dgoldsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0080-5346","contributorId":191764,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldsmith","given":"Dawn","email":"dgoldsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kellogg, Christina A. 0000-0002-6492-9455 ckellogg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6492-9455","contributorId":391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kellogg","given":"Christina","email":"ckellogg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":506,"text":"Office of the AD Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Morrison, Cheryl L. 0000-0001-9425-691X cmorrison@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9425-691X","contributorId":146488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morrison","given":"Cheryl","email":"cmorrison@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":742927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gray, Michael A.","contributorId":200715,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gray","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stone, Robert P.","contributorId":190569,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stone","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Waller, Rhian G.","contributorId":195852,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Waller","given":"Rhian","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":16143,"text":"University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Brooke, Sandra D.","contributorId":196940,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brooke","given":"Sandra","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Ross, Steve W.","contributorId":41134,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ross","given":"Steve W.","affiliations":[{"id":32398,"text":"University of North Carolina Wilmington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70201313,"text":"70201313 - 2018 - Potential toxicity of dissolved metal mixtures (Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn) to early life stage white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) in the Upper Columbia River, Washington, United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-11T11:25:53","indexId":"70201313","displayToPublicDate":"2018-08-17T11:25:45","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Potential toxicity of dissolved metal mixtures (Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn) to early life stage white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) in the Upper Columbia River, Washington, United States","title":"Potential toxicity of dissolved metal mixtures (Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn) to early life stage white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) in the Upper Columbia River, Washington, United States","docAbstract":"The Upper Columbia River (UCR) received historical releases of smelter waste resulting in elevated metal concentrations in downstream sediments. Newly hatched white sturgeon hide within the rocky substrate at the sediment–water interface in the UCR for a few weeks before swim-up. Hiding behavior could expose them to metal contaminants, and metal toxicity could contribute to population declines in white sturgeon over the past 50 years. This study evaluates whether there is a link between the toxicity of dissolved metals across the sediment-water interface in the UCR and the survival of early life stage (ELS) white sturgeon. Toxicity of dissolved metal mixtures is evaluated using a combination of previously collected laboratory and field data and recently developed metal mixture toxicity models. The laboratory data consist of individual metal (Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn) toxicity studies with ELS white sturgeon. The field data include the chemical composition of surface and pore water samples that were collected across the sediment–water interface in the UCR. These data are used in three metal accumulation and two response models. All models predict low toxicity in surface water, whereas effects concentrations greater than 20% are predicted for 60–72% of shallow pore water samples. The flux of dissolved metals, particularly Cu, from shallow pore water to surface water likely exposes prime ELS sturgeon habitat to toxic conditions.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.8b02261","usgsCitation":"Balistrieri, L.S., Mebane, C.A., Cox, S.E., Puglis, H.J., Calfee, R.D., and Wang, N., 2018, Potential toxicity of dissolved metal mixtures (Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn) to early life stage white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) in the Upper Columbia River, Washington, United States: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 52, no. 17, p. 9793-9800, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.8b02261.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"9793","endPage":"9800","ipdsId":"IP-097594","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":360154,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Upper Columbia River","volume":"52","issue":"17","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-08-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10a963e4b034bf6a7e5195","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Balistrieri, Laurie S. 0000-0002-6359-3849 balistri@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6359-3849","contributorId":1406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Balistrieri","given":"Laurie","email":"balistri@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":753580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mebane, Christopher A. 0000-0002-9089-0267 cmebane@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9089-0267","contributorId":110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mebane","given":"Christopher","email":"cmebane@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":753581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cox, Stephen E. 0000-0001-6614-8225 secox@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6614-8225","contributorId":1642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cox","given":"Stephen","email":"secox@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":753582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Puglis, Holly J. 0000-0002-3090-6597 hpuglis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3090-6597","contributorId":4686,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Puglis","given":"Holly","email":"hpuglis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":753583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Calfee, Robin D. 0000-0001-6056-7023 rcalfee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6056-7023","contributorId":1841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Calfee","given":"Robin","email":"rcalfee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":753584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wang, Ning 0000-0002-2846-3352 nwang@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2846-3352","contributorId":2818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Ning","email":"nwang@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":753585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70196857,"text":"ofr20181077 - 2018 - An initial comparison of pesticides and amphibian pathogens between natural and created wetlands in the New Jersey Pinelands, 2014–16","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-24T14:18:10","indexId":"ofr20181077","displayToPublicDate":"2018-08-16T14:30:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2018-1077","title":"An initial comparison of pesticides and amphibian pathogens between natural and created wetlands in the New Jersey Pinelands, 2014–16","docAbstract":"A study conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the New Jersey Pinelands Commission and Montclair State University, was designed to compare pesticide concentrations and the presence and prevalence of amphibian pathogens between natural ponds and two types of created wetlands, excavated ponds and stormwater basins, throughout the New Jersey Pinelands. The study described herein is part of a larger study by the New Jersey Pinelands Commission designed to compare the functional equivalency of natural and created wetlands throughout the New Jersey Pinelands. Sites were selected on the basis of land-use classifications within a 500-meter radius around each wetland from a pool of natural ponds, excavated ponds, and stormwater basins determined by the New Jersey Pinelands Commission. Water, bed-sediment, anuran-food, and composite larval-anuran-tissue samples were collected from four reference (minimum land-use effects) and four degraded (maximum land-use effects) sites from each wetland type for a total of 24 ponds or basins throughout the New Jersey Pinelands during 2014–16. Prevalence of Ranavirus was determined on the basis of tail clips collected from 60 individual larval anurans in each wetland, and 10 animals from each wetland also were swabbed for the presence of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd). Other constituents measured included turbidity, pH, specific conductance, dissolved oxygen, dissolved organic carbon, percent organic carbon in sediment, and composite larval-anuran lipid content.
The amount of altered land (percent agricultural plus percent developed) ranged from 0 to 62.4 percent for the natural ponds, 0 to 63.6 percent for the excavated ponds, and 23.3 to 80.2 percent for the stormwater basins. The herbicides atrazine and metolachlor were observed in 60 and 89 percent of the water samples, respectively. The insecticide bifenthrin was the most frequently detected current-use pesticide (greater than 25 percent of the samples) in bed-sediment, anuran-food, and composite larval-anuran-tissue samples. The legacy insecticide p,p'-DDT and its primary degradates p,p'-DDD and p,p'-DDE were the most frequently detected compounds in bed-sediment and anuran-food samples (32–76 percent in sediment samples and 24–72 percent in anuran-food samples). Significantly, greater numbers of pesticides and higher total pesticide concentrations were observed in stormwater basins than in natural and excavated ponds. Reference wetlands had fewer pesticides and lower total pesticide concentrations compared to degraded wetlands, indicating a positive relation between percent altered land and pesticides throughout the New Jersey Pinelands. Ranavirus was observed in larvae from 4 wetlands, including 1 reference natural pond, 1 degraded natural pond, and 2 degraded stormwater basins, with prevalence ranging from 3 to 43 percent. Bd was detected in swabs from 18 animals and in 4 natural ponds (1 reference and 3 degraded), 3 excavated ponds (all reference), and 2 stormwater basins (1 reference and 1 degraded); however, detection probability was low. In the wetlands with Bd detections, between 10 and 30 percent (between 1 and 3) of the animal’s swabbed tested positive for Bd. Owing to the limited number of positive detections for both Bd and Ranavirus, no statistical comparisons between wetland types and land-use classifications were possible.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20181077","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New Jersey Pinelands Commission and Montclair State University","usgsCitation":"Smalling, K.L., Bunnell, J.F., Cohl, J., Romanok, K.M., Hazard, L., Monsen, K., Akob, D.M., Hansen, A., Hladik, M.L., Abdallah, N., Ahmed, Q., Assan, A., De Parsia, M., Griggs, A., McWayne-Holmes, M., Patel, N., Sanders, C., Shrestha, Y., Stout, S., and Williams, B., 2018, An initial comparison of pesticides and amphibian pathogens between natural and created wetlands in the New Jersey Pinelands, 2014–16: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2018–1077, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181077.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 18 p.; Data release","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-092514","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":355889,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":" https://doi.org/10.5066/F71G0K6G","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Current-use pesticides and emerging amphibian pathogens in natural ponds, excavated ponds and stormwater basins from 24 sites varying in land-use classifications throughout the New Jersey Pinelands, 2014–2016"},{"id":437781,"rank":5,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F71G0K6G","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Current-use pesticides and emerging amphibian pathogens in natural ponds, excavated ponds, and stormwater basins from 24 sites varying in land-use classifications throughout the New Jersey Pinelands, 2014-2016"},{"id":355954,"rank":4,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://www.state.nj.us/pinelands/science/complete/wetlands/index.shtml","linkHelpText":"- Natural and Created Wetlands Study. Final report submitted to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency: New Lisbon, N.J., Pinelands Commission"},{"id":355887,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1077/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":355888,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1077/ofr20181077.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1077"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","otherGeospatial":"New Jersey Pinelands","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.9339,\n 39.2872\n ],\n [\n -74.24,\n 39.2872\n ],\n [\n -74.24,\n 39.94\n ],\n [\n -74.9339,\n 39.94\n ],\n [\n -74.9339,\n 39.2872\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, New Jersey Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3450 Princeton Pike, Suite 110
Lawrenceville, NJ 08648
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the U.S Fish and Wildlife Service, has investigated the hydrology of the Great Dismal Swamp (Swamp) National Wildlife Refuge (Refuge) in Virginia and North Carolina and developed a three-dimensional numerical model to simulate groundwater and surface-water hydrology. The model was developed with MODFLOW-NWT, a USGS numerical groundwater flow modeling program, in combination with the Surface-Water Routing Process, a software package that simulates dynamic surface-water flows, water control structure management, and groundwater/surface-water interactions.
The steady-state model was calibrated to average spring conditions by using automated parameter estimation software (PEST) to reduce simulation errors and assess model parameter sensitivity. The model was then used to simulate wet and dry climatic conditions and a variety of hypothetical scenarios in which water levels in the Swamp were raised and lowered by simulated management of water control structures. Results of the model simulations indicate that, under average spring conditions, precipitation is the primary water input (92%); surface-water (5%) and groundwater (3%) inflows make up the remainder. The primary outflow (or loss) is evapotranspiration (55%), with surface outflows (about 41%) and groundwater outflow (about 4%) making up the remainder.
Simulated adjustment of water control structure weir levels demonstrates that groundwater levels are affected by water levels in adjacent ditches and that surface-water and groundwater levels can be controlled through management of water control structures, allowing the Refuge to better manage fire risks and preserve forested-wetland ecosystems in the Refuge. The 13 water control structures proposed in the simulated scenario representing possible future conditions effectively raised simulated water levels in the northeastern corner of the study area, a goal of the Refuge management.
Results of this study demonstrate use of MODFLOW with the Surface-Water Routing Process for simulating water management options in peat wetlands and will help Refuge managers to better understand existing hydrologic conditions, assess the hydrologic effects of planned changes to water control structures, and apply the new simulation tool to guide water management on the Refuge.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20185056","isbn":"978-1-4113-4248-4","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Eggleston J.R., Decker, J.D., Finkelstein, J.S., Wurster, F.C., Misut, P.E., Sturtevant, L.P., and Speiran, G.K., 2018, Hydrologic conditions and simulation of groundwater and surface water in the Great Dismal Swamp of Virginia and North Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2018-5056, 67 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20185056.","productDescription":"Report: xi, 67 p.; Data Release","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-087938","costCenters":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356011,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2018/5056/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":356012,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2018/5056/sir20185056.pdf","text":"Report","size":"31 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR2018-5056"},{"id":356056,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":" https://doi.org/10.5066/P9445ZGC","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"MODFLOW-NWT datasets for simulations of groundwater and surface-water in the Great Dismal Swamp of Virginia and North Carolina"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","county":"Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Great Dismal Swamp","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.57264709472656,\n 36.42791246440695\n ],\n [\n -76.33644104003906,\n 36.42791246440695\n ],\n [\n -76.33644104003906,\n 36.77904237558059\n ],\n [\n -76.57264709472656,\n 36.77904237558059\n ],\n [\n -76.57264709472656,\n 36.42791246440695\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Virgina Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1730 East Parham Road
Richmond, VA 23228
Oil and natural gas (ONG) development can affect aquatic ecosystems through water contamination, water withdrawals and disturbance of soil and vegetation (surface disturbance) from infrastructure development. Research on how these potential sources of watershed and aquatic ecosystem impairment can affect fish assemblages is limited. Fish–habitat relationships were evaluated across stream sites experiencing differing levels of ONG development. Colorado River cutthroat trout, Oncorhynchus clarkii pleuriticus (Cope), and mottled sculpin, Cottus bairdii Girard, presence and abundance were associated with habitat conditions predominantly found in the less disturbed streams, such as higher proportion of shrub cover, greater stream depths and gravel substrate. Mountain sucker, Catostomus platyrhynchus (Cope), appeared to be a habitat generalist and was able to persist in a wide range of conditions, including degraded sites. Natural resource managers can use habitat preferences of these fish species to establish the development plans that mitigate negative effects of ONG development by protecting the aquatic habitats they rely upon.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/fme.12303","usgsCitation":"Girard, C., and Walters, A.W., 2018, Evaluating relationships between native fishes and habitat in streams affected by oil and natural gas development: Fisheries Management and Ecology, v. 25, no. 5, p. 366-379, https://doi.org/10.1111/fme.12303.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"366","endPage":"379","ipdsId":"IP-068639","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":394878,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Wyoming Range","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.5,\n 42.333\n ],\n [\n -110.25,\n 42.333\n ],\n [\n -110.25,\n 42.5\n ],\n [\n -110.5,\n 42.5\n ],\n [\n -110.5,\n 42.333\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"25","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-08-16","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Girard, Carlin","contributorId":176838,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Girard","given":"Carlin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":831786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Walters, Annika W. 0000-0002-8638-6682 awalters@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8638-6682","contributorId":4190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walters","given":"Annika","email":"awalters@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":831700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70198684,"text":"70198684 - 2018 - Insight into infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) in Chinese rainbow trout aquaculture from virus isolated from 7 provinces in 2010–2014","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-15T14:30:44","indexId":"70198684","displayToPublicDate":"2018-08-15T14:30:36","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":853,"text":"Aquaculture","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Insight into infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) in Chinese rainbow trout aquaculture from virus isolated from 7 provinces in 2010–2014","docAbstract":"The aquatic rhabdovirus infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) currently causes substantial fish losses in Chinese coldwater aquaculture. While IHNV was first reported in China in 1985 and has since undergone considerable spread, little is known about the underlying epidemiological patterns like introduction sources and transmission routes. In this study, we examined epidemiological and phylogenetic data for 50 IHNV isolates from 7 provinces in China detected in 2010–2014 (Liaoning, n = 33; Jilin, n = 3; Heilongjiang, n = 1; Yunnan, n = 2; Sichuan, n = 1; Hebei, n = 5; Gansu, n = 5). Features of case details include highest mortality associated with water temperatures of 8–10 °C and symptomatic disease observed in adult rainbow trout. Sequence comparisons of the midG sequences of 50 strains revealed 11 different sequence types. One sequence type, mG801J, was predominantly detected, being found in 38 of 50 isolates. Phylogenetic analyses of the new midG sequence types showed that 49 of 50 IHNV isolates are closely related to one another and all descend from the previously described J Nagano subgroup, forming the monophyletic group J Nagano-China clade. This indicates that the majority of IHNV circulating within China is descended from a single importation event from elsewhere in Asia. The one observed exception was the detection of a novel genotype belonging to the previously described MN subgroup. This genotype was identified in Liaoning province, and indicates a second introduction event, one that does not appear to have resulted in diversification and spread. These results indicate that continued surveillance of IHNV in China is necessary to understand and manage viral transmission dynamics within China over time.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2018.06.062","usgsCitation":"Jia, P., Breyta, R.B., Li, Q., Qian, X., Wu, B., Zheng, W., Wen, Z., Liu, Y., Kurath, G., Hua, Q., Jin, N., and Liu, H., 2018, Insight into infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) in Chinese rainbow trout aquaculture from virus isolated from 7 provinces in 2010–2014: Aquaculture, v. 496, p. 239-246, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2018.06.062.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"239","endPage":"246","ipdsId":"IP-091650","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356525,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"China","volume":"496","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98a285e4b0702d0e842f2b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jia, Peng","contributorId":191750,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jia","given":"Peng","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Breyta, Rachel B.","contributorId":207060,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Breyta","given":"Rachel","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":37446,"text":"Microbiology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Li, Qing","contributorId":207088,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Qing","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Qian, Xu","contributorId":207061,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Qian","given":"Xu","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37447,"text":"Yuzhong Animal Husbandry and Fishery Technology Promotion Center, Gan Su, Peopl's Republic of China, 730100","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wu, Bing","contributorId":207062,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wu","given":"Bing","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37448,"text":"Liaoning Entry-exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Da Lian, People's Republic of China, 116001","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Zheng, Wei","contributorId":207063,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zheng","given":"Wei","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37449,"text":"Jilin Academy of Fishery Science, Jilin, People's Republic of China, 130033","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wen, Zhiqing","contributorId":207064,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wen","given":"Zhiqing","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37450,"text":"Schenzhen Academy of Inspection and Quarantine Sciences, Schenzhen, People's Republic of China, 518045","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Liu, Ying","contributorId":207065,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liu","given":"Ying","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37450,"text":"Schenzhen Academy of Inspection and Quarantine Sciences, Schenzhen, People's Republic of China, 518045","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Kurath, Gael 0000-0003-3294-560X gkurath@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3294-560X","contributorId":2629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kurath","given":"Gael","email":"gkurath@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Hua, Qunyi","contributorId":191759,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hua","given":"Qunyi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Jin, Ningyi","contributorId":191762,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jin","given":"Ningyi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Liu, Hong","contributorId":191763,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liu","given":"Hong","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70198851,"text":"70198851 - 2018 - Evaluating long-term patterns of decreasing groundwater discharge through a lake-bottom permeable reactive barrier","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-20T14:56:21","indexId":"70198851","displayToPublicDate":"2018-08-15T14:29:26","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2258,"text":"Journal of Environmental Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating long-term patterns of decreasing groundwater discharge through a lake-bottom permeable reactive barrier","docAbstract":"Identifying and quantifying groundwater exchange is critical when considering contaminant fate and transport at the groundwater/surface-water interface. In this paper, areally distributed temperature and point seepage measurements are used to efficiently assess spatial and temporal groundwater discharge patterns through a glacial-kettle lakebed area containing a zero-valent iron permeable reactive barrier (PRB). Concern was that the PRB was becoming less permeable with time owing to biogeochemical processes within the PRB. Patterns of groundwater discharge over an 8-year period were examined using fiber-optic distributed temperature sensing (FO-DTS) and snapshot-in-time point measurements of temperature. The resulting thermal maps show complex and uneven distributions of temperatures across the lakebed and highlight zones of rapid seepage near the shoreline and along the outer boundaries of the PRB. Repeated thermal mapping indicates an increase in lakebed temperatures over time at periods of similar stage and surface-water temperature. Flux rates in six seepage meters permanently installed on the lakebed in the PRB area decreased on average by 0.021 md-1 (or about 4.5 percent) annually between 2004 and 2015. Modeling of diurnal temperature signals from shallow vertical profiles yielded mean flux values ranging from 0.39 to 1.15 md-1, with stronger fluxes generally related to colder lakebed temperatures. The combination of an increase in lakebed temperatures, declines in direct seepage, and observations of increased cementation of the lakebed surface provide in situ evidence that the permeability of the PRB is declining. The presence of temporally persistent rapid seepage zones is also discussed.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.02.083","usgsCitation":"McCobb, T.D., Briggs, M.A., LeBlanc, D.R., Day-Lewis, F.D., and Johnson, C.D., 2018, Evaluating long-term patterns of decreasing groundwater discharge through a lake-bottom permeable reactive barrier: Journal of Environmental Management, v. 220, p. 233-245, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.02.083.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"233","endPage":"245","ipdsId":"IP-092163","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468493,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1582990","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437782,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F78914ZS","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Temperature and seepage data from a lake-bottom permeable reactive barrier, Ashumet Pond, Falmouth, MA, 2004-2015."},{"id":356627,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"220","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98a285e4b0702d0e842f2d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCobb, Timothy D. 0000-0003-1533-847X tmccobb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1533-847X","contributorId":2012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCobb","given":"Timothy","email":"tmccobb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":743075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Briggs, Martin A. 0000-0003-3206-4132 mbriggs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3206-4132","contributorId":4114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Martin","email":"mbriggs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":743076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"LeBlanc, Denis R. 0000-0002-4646-2628 dleblanc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4646-2628","contributorId":1696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LeBlanc","given":"Denis","email":"dleblanc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":743077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Day-Lewis, Frederick D. 0000-0003-3526-886X daylewis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3526-886X","contributorId":1672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day-Lewis","given":"Frederick","email":"daylewis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":743078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Johnson, Carole D. 0000-0001-6941-1578 cjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6941-1578","contributorId":1891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Carole","email":"cjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":743079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70198679,"text":"70198679 - 2018 - Flyway structure in the circumpolar greater white‐fronted goose","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-20T16:24:20","indexId":"70198679","displayToPublicDate":"2018-08-15T14:08:42","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1467,"text":"Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Flyway structure in the circumpolar greater white‐fronted goose","docAbstract":"Dispersal and migratory behavior are influential factors in determining how genetic diversity is distributed across the landscape. In migratory species, genetic structure can be promoted via several mechanisms including fidelity to distinct migratory routes. Particularly within North America, waterfowl management units have been delineated according to distinct longitudinal migratory flyways supported by banding data and other direct evidence. The greater white‐fronted goose (Anser albifrons) is a migratory waterfowl species with a largely circumpolar distribution consisting of up to six subspecies roughly corresponding to phenotypic variation. We examined the rangewide population genetic structure of greater white‐fronted geese using mtDNA control region sequence data and microsatellite loci from 23 locales across North America and Eurasia. We found significant differentiation in mtDNA between sampling locales with flyway delineation explaining a significant portion of the observed genetic variation (~12%). This is concordant with band recovery data which shows little interflyway or intercontinental movements. However, microsatellite loci revealed little genetic structure suggesting a panmictic population across most of the Arctic. As with many high‐latitude species, Beringia appears to have played a role in the diversification of this species. A common Beringian origin of North America and Asian populations and a recent divergence could at least partly explain the general lack of structure at nuclear markers. Further, our results do not provide strong support for the various taxonomic proposals for this species except for supporting the distinctness of two isolated breeding populations within Cook Inlet, Alaska (A. a. elgasi) and Greenland (A. a. flavirostris), consistent with their subspecies status.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ece3.4345","usgsCitation":"Wilson, R.E., Ely, C.R., and Talbot, S.L., 2018, Flyway structure in the circumpolar greater white‐fronted goose: Ecology and Evolution, v. 8, no. 16, p. 8490-8507, https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4345.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"8490","endPage":"8507","ipdsId":"IP-092590","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468494,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4345","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437783,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F71G0JGN","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Greater White-Fronted Goose Genetic Data, Circumpolar, 1988-2009"},{"id":356520,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"16","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-07-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98a286e4b0702d0e842f31","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, Robert E. 0000-0003-1800-0183 rewilson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1800-0183","contributorId":5718,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Robert","email":"rewilson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ely, Craig R. 0000-0003-4262-0892 cely@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4262-0892","contributorId":3214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ely","given":"Craig","email":"cely@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Talbot, Sandra L. 0000-0002-3312-7214 stalbot@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3312-7214","contributorId":140512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talbot","given":"Sandra","email":"stalbot@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70198671,"text":"70198671 - 2018 - Evaluating the waterfowl breeding population and habitat survey for scaup","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-15T13:42:15","indexId":"70198671","displayToPublicDate":"2018-08-15T13:42:09","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating the waterfowl breeding population and habitat survey for scaup","docAbstract":"Potential bias in breeding population estimates of certain duck species from the Waterfowl Breeding Population and Habitat Survey (WBPHS) has been a concern for decades. The WBPHS does not differentiate between lesser (Aythya affinis) and greater (A. marila) scaup, but lesser scaup comprise 89% of the combined scaup population and their population estimates are suspected to be biased. We marked female lesser scaup (i.e., marked scaup) in the Mississippi and Atlantic Flyways, Canada and United States, with implantable satellite transmitters to track their spring migration through the traditional and eastern survey areas of the WBPHS, 2005–2010. Our goal was to use data independent of the WBPHS to evaluate whether breeding population estimates for scaup were biased and identify variables that might be used in the future to refine population estimates. We found that the WBPHS estimates of breeding scaup are biased because, across years, only 30% of our marked scaup had settled for the breeding period when the strata in which they settled were surveyed, 43% were available to be counted in multiple survey strata as their migration continued during the WBPHS, 32% settled outside the WBPHS area, the number of times a marked scaup was available to be counted by survey crews varied positively with the latitude that a marked scaup settled on breeding areas, the probability of a marked scaup being in a stratum while it was surveyed varied among years, and these probabilities were positively correlated with the traditional and eastern breeding population estimates for scaup. Annual population estimates derived from banding data provide a less biased and preferable method of monitoring scaup population status and trend. Development of models that include metrics such as survey stratum latitude and annual spring environmental conditions might potentially be used to improve scaup breeding population estimates derived from the WBPHS, but independent estimates from banding data would be important to evaluate such models.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.21478","usgsCitation":"Schummer, M.L., Afton, A.D., Badzinski, S.S., Petrie, S.A., Olsen, G.H., and Mitchell, M.A., 2018, Evaluating the waterfowl breeding population and habitat survey for scaup: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 82, no. 6, p. 1252-1262, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.21478.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1252","endPage":"1262","ipdsId":"IP-092640","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356513,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"82","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-05-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98a286e4b0702d0e842f35","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schummer, Michael L.","contributorId":176347,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schummer","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Afton, Alan D. 0000-0002-0436-8588 aafton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0436-8588","contributorId":139582,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Afton","given":"Alan","email":"aafton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":368,"text":"Louisiana Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":742505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Badzinski, Shannon S.","contributorId":176348,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Badzinski","given":"Shannon","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Petrie, Scott A.","contributorId":141223,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Petrie","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":13717,"text":"Long Point Waterfowl","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Olsen, Glenn H. 0000-0002-7188-6203 golsen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7188-6203","contributorId":40918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olsen","given":"Glenn","email":"golsen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":742503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mitchell, Mark A.","contributorId":207036,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mitchell","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":37433,"text":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61802","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70198303,"text":"sir20185101 - 2018 - Status of groundwater-level altitudes and long-term groundwater-level changes in the Chicot, Evangeline, and Jasper aquifers, Houston-Galveston region, Texas, 2018","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-24T14:02:04","indexId":"sir20185101","displayToPublicDate":"2018-08-15T13:11:50","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2018-5101","title":"Status of groundwater-level altitudes and long-term groundwater-level changes in the Chicot, Evangeline, and Jasper aquifers, Houston-Galveston region, Texas, 2018","docAbstract":"Since the early 1900s, most of the groundwater withdrawals in the Houston-Galveston region, Texas, have been from the three primary aquifers that compose the Gulf Coast aquifer system—the Chicot, Evangeline, and Jasper aquifers. Withdrawals from these aquifers are used for municipal supply, industrial, and irrigation purposes. This report, prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Harris-Galveston Subsidence District, City of Houston, Fort Bend Subsidence District, Lone Star Groundwater Conservation District, and Brazoria County Groundwater Conservation District, is one in an annual series of reports depicting the status of groundwater-level altitudes and long-term groundwater-level changes in the Chicot, Evangeline, and Jasper aquifers in the Houston-Galveston region. This report contains regional-scale maps depicting approximate 2018 groundwater-level altitudes (represented by measurements made during December 2017 through March 2018) and long-term groundwater-level changes for the Chicot, Evangeline, and Jasper aquifers.
In 2018, groundwater-level-altitude contours for the Chicot aquifer ranged from 200 feet (ft) below the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (hereinafter referred to as “datum”) to 200 ft above datum. The 1977–2018 groundwater-level-change contours for the Chicot aquifer depict a large area of decline in groundwater-level altitudes (120 ft) in northwestern Harris County. The largest rise in groundwater-level altitudes in the Chicot aquifer from 1977 to 2018 (180 ft) was in southeastern Harris County.
Groundwater-level-altitude contours for the Evangeline aquifer ranged from 250 ft below datum to 200 ft above datum in 2018. The 1977–2018 groundwater-level-change contours for the Evangeline aquifer depict broad areas where groundwater-level altitudes either declined or rose. The largest decline in groundwater-level altitudes (320 ft) was in southern Montgomery County. The largest rise in groundwater-level altitudes in the Evangeline aquifer from 1977 to 2018 (240 ft) was in southeastern Harris County.
In 2018, groundwater-level-altitude contours for the Jasper aquifer ranged from 200 ft below datum to 200 ft above datum. The 2000–18 groundwater-level-change contours for the Jasper aquifer depict groundwater-level declines throughout most of the study area where groundwater-level-altitude data from the Jasper aquifer were collected, with the largest decline (200 ft) in southern Montgomery County.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20185101","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Harris-Galveston Subsidence District, City of Houston, Fort Bend Subsidence District, Lone Star Groundwater Conservation District, and Brazoria County Groundwater Conservation District","usgsCitation":"Shah, S.D., Ramage, J.K., and Braun, C.L., 2018, Status of groundwater-level altitudes and long-term groundwater-level changes in the Chicot, Evangeline, and Jasper aquifers, Houston-Galveston region, Texas, 2018: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2018–5101, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20185101.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 18 p.; Data Releases","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-096207","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356456,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F79S1QBW","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"Depth to Groundwater Measured from Wells Completed in the Chicot, Evangeline, and Jasper Aquifers, Houston-Galveston Region, Texas, 2018"},{"id":356455,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2018/5101/sir20185101.pdf","text":"Report","size":"15.3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2018–5101"},{"id":356457,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9FEL6MS","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"Groundwater-Level Altitudes and Long-term Groundwater-Level Changes in the Chicot, Evangeline, and Jasper Aquifers, Houston-Galveston Region, Texas, 2018"},{"id":356454,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2018/5101/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Houston-Galveston Region","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -96,\n 29\n ],\n [\n -94.25,\n 29\n ],\n [\n -94.25,\n 31\n ],\n [\n -96,\n 31\n ],\n [\n -96,\n 29\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Texas Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1505 Ferguson Lane
Austin, Texas 78754–4501
We evaluated the interacting influences of river flows and tides on travel time, routing, and survival of juvenile late-fall Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) migrating through the Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta. To quantify these effects, we jointly modeled the travel time, survival, and migration routing in relation to individual time-varying covariates of acoustic-tagged salmon within a Bayesian framework. We used observed arrival times for detected individuals and imputed arrival times for undetected individuals to assign covariate values in each reach. We found travel time was inversely related to river inflow in all reaches, yet survival was positively related to inflow only in reaches that transitioned from bidirectional tidal flows to unidirectional flow with increasing inflows. We also found that the probability of fish entering the interior Delta, a low-survival reach, declined as inflow increased. Our study illustrates how river inflows interact with tides to influence fish survival during the critical transition between freshwater and ocean environments. Furthermore, our analytical framework introduces new techniques to integrate formally over missing covariate values to quantify effects of time-varying covariates.
","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/cjfas-2017-0310","usgsCitation":"Perry, R.W., Pope, A.C., Romine, J., Brandes, P.L., Burau, J.R., Blake, A.R., Ammann, A.J., and Michel, C.J., 2018, Flow-mediated effects on travel time, routing, and survival of juvenile Chinook salmon in a spatially complex, tidally forced river delta: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 75, no. 11, p. 1886-1901, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2017-0310.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1886","endPage":"1901","ipdsId":"IP-090251","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":437784,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9OG5NX7","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"The North Delta Routing and Survival Management Tool"},{"id":356577,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta","volume":"75","issue":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98a287e4b0702d0e842f3b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Perry, Russell W. 0000-0003-4110-8619 rperry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4110-8619","contributorId":2820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perry","given":"Russell","email":"rperry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pope, Adam C. 0000-0002-7253-2247 apope@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7253-2247","contributorId":5664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pope","given":"Adam","email":"apope@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":742736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Romine, Jason G.","contributorId":207092,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Romine","given":"Jason G.","affiliations":[{"id":37451,"text":"U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, Mid-Columbia River National Wildlife Refuge Complex, 64 Maple St., Burbank, WA 99323","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brandes, Patricia L.","contributorId":196879,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brandes","given":"Patricia","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Burau, Jon R. 0000-0002-5196-5035 jrburau@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5196-5035","contributorId":1500,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burau","given":"Jon","email":"jrburau@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Blake, Aaron R. 0000-0001-7348-2336 ablake@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7348-2336","contributorId":5059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blake","given":"Aaron","email":"ablake@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ammann, Arnold J.","contributorId":207095,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ammann","given":"Arnold","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":37452,"text":"National Marine Fisheries Service, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, 110 Shaffer Rd., Santa Cruz, CA 95060","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Michel, Cyril J.","contributorId":207096,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Michel","given":"Cyril","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":37452,"text":"National Marine Fisheries Service, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, 110 Shaffer Rd., Santa Cruz, CA 95060","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70228065,"text":"70228065 - 2018 - A review of Bayesian belief network models as decision-support tools for wetland conservation: Are water birds potential umbrella taxa?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-03T15:10:27.723944","indexId":"70228065","displayToPublicDate":"2018-08-15T09:06:57","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A review of Bayesian belief network models as decision-support tools for wetland conservation: Are water birds potential umbrella taxa?","docAbstract":"Creative approaches to identifying umbrella species hold promise for devising effective surrogates of ecological communities or ecosystems. However, mechanistic niche models that predict range or habitat overlap among species may yet lack development. We reviewed literature on taxon-centered Bayesian belief network (BBN) models to explore a novel approach to identify umbrella taxa identifying taxonomic groups that share the largest proportion of habitat requirements (i.e., states of important habitat variables) with other wetland-dependent taxa. We reviewed and compiled published literature to provide a comprehensive and reproducible account of the current understanding of habitat requirements for freshwater, wetland-dependent taxa using BBNs. We found that wetland birds had the highest degree of shared habitat requirements with other taxa, and consequently may be suitable umbrella taxa in freshwater wetlands. Comparing habitat requirements using a BBN approach to build species distribution models, this review also identified taxa that may not benefit from conservation actions targeted at umbrella taxa by identifying taxa with unique habitat requirements not shared with umbrellas. Using a standard node set that accurately and comprehensively represents the ecosystem in question, BBNs could be designed to improve identification of umbrella taxa. In wetlands, expert knowledge about hydrology, geomorphology and soils could add important information regarding physical landscape characteristics relevant to species. Thus, a systems-oriented framework may improve overarching inferences from BBNs and subsequent utility to conservation planning and management.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2018.08.001","usgsCitation":"MacPherson, M.P., Webb, E.B., Raedeke, A., Mengel, D.C., and Nelson, F., 2018, A review of Bayesian belief network models as decision-support tools for wetland conservation: Are water birds potential umbrella taxa?: Biological Conservation, v. 226, p. 215-223, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2018.08.001.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"215","endPage":"223","ipdsId":"IP-097201","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468496,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2018.08.001","text":"External Repository"},{"id":395349,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"226","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"MacPherson, Maggie P.","contributorId":274459,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"MacPherson","given":"Maggie","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":6754,"text":"University of Missouri","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Webb, Elisabeth B. 0000-0003-3851-6056 ewebb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3851-6056","contributorId":3981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webb","given":"Elisabeth","email":"ewebb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":833003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Raedeke, Andy","contributorId":274460,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Raedeke","given":"Andy","affiliations":[{"id":16971,"text":"Missouri Department of Conservation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mengel, Doreen C.","contributorId":203619,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mengel","given":"Doreen","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":833065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nelson, Frank","contributorId":274461,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nelson","given":"Frank","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16971,"text":"Missouri Department of Conservation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70198644,"text":"70198644 - 2018 - Flushing of the deep Pacific Ocean and the deglacial rise of atmospheric CO2 concentrations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-04T13:23:52","indexId":"70198644","displayToPublicDate":"2018-08-14T13:56:43","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2845,"text":"Nature Geoscience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Flushing of the deep Pacific Ocean and the deglacial rise of atmospheric CO2 concentrations","title":"Flushing of the deep Pacific Ocean and the deglacial rise of atmospheric CO2 concentrations","docAbstract":"During the last deglaciation (19,000–9,000 years ago), atmospheric CO2increased by about 80 ppm. Understanding the mechanisms responsible for this change is a central theme of palaeoclimatology, relevant for predicting future CO2 transfers in a warming world. Deglacial CO2 rise hypothetically tapped an accumulated deep Pacific carbon reservoir, but the processes remain elusive as they are underconstrained by existing tracers. Here we report high-resolution authigenic neodymium isotope data in North Pacific sediment cores and infer abyssal Pacific overturning weaker than today during the Last Glacial Maximum but intermittently stronger during steps of deglacial CO2 rise. Radiocarbon evidence suggestive of relatively ‘old’ deglacial deep Pacific water is reinterpreted here as an increase in preformed 14C age of subsurface waters sourced near Antarctica, consistent with movement of aged carbon out of the deep ocean and release of CO2 to the atmosphere during the abyssal flushing events. The timing of neodymium isotope changes suggests that deglacial acceleration of Pacific abyssal circulation tracked Southern Hemisphere warming, sea-ice retreat and increase of mean ocean temperature. The inferred magnitude of circulation changes is consistent with deep Pacific flushing as a significant, and perhaps dominant, control of the deglacial rise of atmospheric CO2.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/s41561-018-0205-6","usgsCitation":"Du, J., Haley, B., Mix, A., Walczak, M., and Praetorius, S.K., 2018, Flushing of the deep Pacific Ocean and the deglacial rise of atmospheric CO2 concentrations: Nature Geoscience, v. 11, p. 749-755, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-018-0205-6.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"749","endPage":"755","ipdsId":"IP-091496","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356442,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-08-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98a289e4b0702d0e842f43","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Du, Jianghui 0000-0002-3386-9314","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3386-9314","contributorId":206970,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Du","given":"Jianghui","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haley, Brian","contributorId":206971,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Haley","given":"Brian","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mix, Alan","contributorId":184163,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mix","given":"Alan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Walczak, Maureen 0000-0002-4123-6998","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4123-6998","contributorId":206972,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Walczak","given":"Maureen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Praetorius, Summer K. 0000-0003-2683-3652","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2683-3652","contributorId":206966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Praetorius","given":"Summer","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70198637,"text":"70198637 - 2018 - Spatial relationships of levees and wetland systems within floodplains of the Wabash Basin, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-14T13:40:53","indexId":"70198637","displayToPublicDate":"2018-08-14T13:40:50","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial relationships of levees and wetland systems within floodplains of the Wabash Basin, USA","docAbstract":"Given the unique biogeochemical, physical, and hydrologic services provided by floodplain wetlands, proper management of river systems should include an understanding of how floodplain modifications influence wetland ecosystems. The construction of levees can reduce river–floodplain connectivity, yet it is unclear how levees affect wetlands within floodplains, let alone the cumulative impacts within an entire watershed. This paper explores spatial relationships between levee and floodplain wetland systems in the Wabash Basin, United States. We used a hydrogeomorphic floodplain delineation technique to map floodplain extents and identify wetlands that may be hydrologically connected to river networks. We then spatially examined the relationship between levee presence, wetland area, and other river network attributes within discrete subbasins. Our results show that cumulative wetland area is relatively constant in subbasins that contain levees, regardless of maximum stream order within the subbasin. In subbasins that do not contain levees, cumulative wetland area increases with maximum stream order. However, we found that wetland distributions around levees can be complex, and further studies on the influence of levees on wetland habitat may need to consider finer resolution spatial scales.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/1752-1688.12652","usgsCitation":"Morrison, R.R., Bray, E., Nardi, F., Annis, A., and Dong, Q., 2018, Spatial relationships of levees and wetland systems within floodplains of the Wabash Basin, USA: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 54, no. 4, p. 934-948, https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.12652.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"934","endPage":"948","ipdsId":"IP-089450","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356438,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Wabash Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89,\n 38\n ],\n [\n -85,\n 38\n ],\n [\n -85,\n 41.5\n ],\n [\n -89,\n 41.5\n ],\n [\n -89,\n 38\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"54","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-04-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98a289e4b0702d0e842f47","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morrison, Ryan R.","contributorId":198245,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morrison","given":"Ryan","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bray, Erin N.","contributorId":92906,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bray","given":"Erin N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nardi, Fernando","contributorId":207032,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nardi","given":"Fernando","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Annis, Antonio","contributorId":207033,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Annis","given":"Antonio","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dong, Quan 0000-0003-0571-5884 qdong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0571-5884","contributorId":4506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dong","given":"Quan","email":"qdong@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70198893,"text":"70198893 - 2018 - Lake sediment fecal and biomass burning biomarkers provide direct evidence for prehistoric human-lit fires in New Zealand","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-27T12:31:21","indexId":"70198893","displayToPublicDate":"2018-08-14T12:31:16","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3358,"text":"Scientific Reports","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lake sediment fecal and biomass burning biomarkers provide direct evidence for prehistoric human-lit fires in New Zealand","docAbstract":"Deforestation associated with the initial settlement of New Zealand is a dramatic example of how humans can alter landscapes through fire. However, evidence linking early human presence and land-cover change is inferential in most continental sites. We employed a multi-proxy approach to reconstruct anthropogenic land use in New Zealand’s South Island over the last millennium using fecal and plant sterols as indicators of human activity and monosaccharide anhydrides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, charcoal and pollen as tracers of fire and vegetation change in lake-sediment cores. Our data provide a direct record of local human presence in Lake Kirkpatrick and Lake Diamond watersheds at the time of deforestation and a new and stronger case of human agency linked with forest clearance. The first detection of human presence matches charcoal and biomarker evidence for initial burning at c. AD 1350. Sterols decreased shortly after to values suggesting the sporadic presence of people and then rose to unprecedented levels after the European settlement. Our results confirm that initial human arrival in New Zealand was associated with brief and intense burning activities. Testing our approach in a context of well-established fire history provides a new tool for understanding cause-effect relationships in more complex continental reconstructions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/s41598-018-30606-3","usgsCitation":"Argiriadis, E., Battistel, D., McWethy, D.B., Vecchiato, M., Kirchgeorg, T., Kehrwald, N.M., Whitlock, C., Wilmshurst, J.M., and Barbante, C., 2018, Lake sediment fecal and biomass burning biomarkers provide direct evidence for prehistoric human-lit fires in New Zealand: Scientific Reports, v. 8, Article number: 12113; 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-30606-3.","productDescription":"Article number: 12113; 9 p.","ipdsId":"IP-094661","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468499,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-30606-3","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":356784,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"New Zealand","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 168.96069288253784,\n -44.649497959678556\n ],\n [\n 168.96600365638733,\n -44.649497959678556\n ],\n [\n 168.96600365638733,\n -44.64600207780289\n ],\n [\n 168.96069288253784,\n -44.64600207780289\n ],\n [\n 168.96069288253784,\n -44.649497959678556\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 168.5570526123047,\n -45.03956694724903\n ],\n [\n 168.59962463378906,\n -45.03956694724903\n ],\n [\n 168.59962463378906,\n -45.01433117775014\n ],\n [\n 168.5570526123047,\n -45.01433117775014\n ],\n [\n 168.5570526123047,\n -45.03956694724903\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-08-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98a289e4b0702d0e842f49","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Argiriadis, Elena","contributorId":207231,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Argiriadis","given":"Elena","affiliations":[{"id":37489,"text":"University of Venice, Ca' Foscari","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":743285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Battistel, Dario","contributorId":205865,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Battistel","given":"Dario","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37181,"text":"Department of Environmental Science, Informatics and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Italy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":743286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McWethy, David B.","contributorId":207232,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McWethy","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":36555,"text":"Montana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":743287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vecchiato, Marco","contributorId":207233,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vecchiato","given":"Marco","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37489,"text":"University of Venice, Ca' Foscari","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":743288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kirchgeorg, Torben","contributorId":207234,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kirchgeorg","given":"Torben","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37489,"text":"University of Venice, Ca' Foscari","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":743289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kehrwald, Natalie M. 0000-0002-9160-2239 nkehrwald@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9160-2239","contributorId":168918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kehrwald","given":"Natalie","email":"nkehrwald@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":743284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Whitlock, Cathy","contributorId":79745,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Whitlock","given":"Cathy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6604,"text":"University of Oregon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":743290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Wilmshurst, Janet M.","contributorId":207235,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilmshurst","given":"Janet","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37490,"text":"University of Aukland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":743291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Barbante, Carlo","contributorId":202632,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barbante","given":"Carlo","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36503,"text":"Department of Environmental Sciences, Infomatics, and Statistics, Ca'Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30172 Mestre (VE), Italy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":743292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70216177,"text":"70216177 - 2018 - Efficiency of sampling sunfishes using snorkeling in clear, warmwater streams of the south-central United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-09T15:03:52.637067","indexId":"70216177","displayToPublicDate":"2018-08-14T08:58:34","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2287,"text":"Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Efficiency of sampling sunfishes using snorkeling in clear, warmwater streams of the south-central United States","docAbstract":"The continued evaluation of fish-sampling gears and methods is essential to identify their applicability across environmental conditions and among species. Although limited by visibility, snorkeling has potential advantages relative to other fish-sampling gears in wadeable streams (e.g., minimally intrusive, cost effective, and appropriate in deeper areas). Clear water is common to warm-water streams; however, the use of snorkeling for monitoring stream-fish populations has largely focused on cold-water systems. To assess relative snorkeling efficiency in warm-water streams, we compared standardized single-pass snorkel counts to tow-barge electrofishing abundance estimates for six sunfishes (Centrarchidae) in the Ozark Highlands ecoregion of northwest Oklahoma and southwest Missouri under relatively similar environmental conditions (i.e., clear water, cobble substrates, low-flow conditions). Snorkeling efficiency was variable among sunfishes and consistently low for species with cryptic traits and habitat use. We also did not detect cryptic sunfishes (i.e., a single individual was not encountered) using snorkeling at multiple stream reaches where estimated abundance was > 50 within a 0.5- to 1.0-km stream reach. Our findings indicate that snorkeling has applications for monitoring sunfish populations and assemblages when using an abundance estimator or accounting for imperfect detection; however, it is inappropriate for estimating population size of cryptic sunfishes. We encourage continued research into the applicability of snorkeling to estimate warm-water stream fish abundance.
","language":"English","publisher":"Allen Press","doi":"10.3996/032018-JFWM-027","usgsCitation":"Mollenhauer, R., and Brewer, S.K., 2018, Efficiency of sampling sunfishes using snorkeling in clear, warmwater streams of the south-central United States: Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management, v. 9, no. 2, p. 602-609, https://doi.org/10.3996/032018-JFWM-027.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"602","endPage":"609","ipdsId":"IP-091999","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468500,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3996/032018-jfwm-027","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":380296,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri, Oklahoma","otherGeospatial":"Ozark Highlands","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -95.3668212890625,\n 36.46988944681576\n ],\n [\n -94.21875,\n 36.46988944681576\n ],\n [\n -94.21875,\n 37.020098201368114\n ],\n [\n -95.3668212890625,\n 37.020098201368114\n ],\n [\n -95.3668212890625,\n 36.46988944681576\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"9","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-08-14","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mollenhauer, Robert","contributorId":242899,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mollenhauer","given":"Robert","affiliations":[{"id":7249,"text":"Oklahoma State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":804362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brewer, Shannon K. 0000-0002-1537-3921 skbrewer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1537-3921","contributorId":2252,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brewer","given":"Shannon","email":"skbrewer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":804363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70197949,"text":"ofr20181104 - 2018 - Promoting synergy in the innovative use of environmental data—Workshop summary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-03T11:13:38","indexId":"ofr20181104","displayToPublicDate":"2018-08-13T14:30:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2018-1104","displayTitle":"Promoting synergy in the innovative use of environmentalFrom December 2 to 4, 2015, NatureServe and the U.S. Geological Survey organized and hosted a biodiversity and ecological informatics workshop at the U.S. Department of the Interior in Washington, D.C. The workshop objective was to identify user-driven future directions and areas of collaboration in advanced applications of environmental data applied to forecasting and decision making for the sustainability of biodiversity and ecosystem services. Substantial effort to recruit attendees from diverse Federal, State, and private sector organizations successfully attracted participants from 20 Federal agencies and 48 different institutions in the academic, nonprofit, State government, and commercial sectors; the total number of attendees ranged from 100 to 144 during the 3-day workshop. The first one-half of the workshop was divided into 7 plenary sessions and 3 sets of lightning talk sessions organized by sector, providing 48 oral and visual plenary presentations that shared diverse perspectives on biodiversity and ecological informatics, including original biospatial analyses from 6 graduate student map contest winners. The second one-half of the workshop focused on 10 breakout sessions with participant-driven themes from the environmental data sphere and concluded with an address by the Director of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. The workshop was structured to encourage interactivity. About 80–90 percent of attendees provided direct feedback using clicker devices for specific questions related to biodiversity and ecological data uses and needs, and 10 breakout session leaders shared the highlights of their group discussions during the final workshop plenary sessions. Participants were encouraged to use the Twitter hashtag #ShareUrData. Over lunch on day 2 there were 20 simultaneous presentations of tools and apps during a special “Tools Café” session.
The 10 participant-defined breakout session topics are listed below:
Numerous common themes that emerged from the workshop include the following:
Director, Core Science Analytics Synthesis and Libraries Program
U.S. Geological Survey
W 6th Ave Kipling Street
Lakewood, CO 80225
Construction of a water management structure (WMS) in the levee surrounding The Nature Conservancy’s Emiquon Preserve (Havana, Illinois, USA) created a new hydrological connection and potential aquatic invasive species pathway between the Illinois River and a large conservation wetland complex. Site managers need a control tool that deters the upstream passage of non-native fishes into the wetland lakes, but does not interfere with normal gate operation and water discharge. This short field study evaluated carbon dioxide (CO2) injected into water as a non-obstructive method to reduce fish abundance near the WMS culverts. We quantified relative fish abundance using underwater sonar with and without injection of CO2 into culverts during three discharge events: no flow (0 m3/s), restricted flow (0.9 m3/s), and unrestricted flow (3.2 m3/s). Overall, CO2 reached or exceeded our target concentration of 100 mg/L during no flow and restricted flow, and fish abundance was 70–95% lower at culvert entrances relative to untreated control days. The target CO2 level was not reached during unrestricted flow and fish abundance was not reduced during CO2 injection. Atmospheric CO2 concentrations were inconsequential and unaffected by CO2 treatments throughout testing. Results from this initial field study provide several considerations for CO2 as a fish deterrent in natural environments.
","language":"English","publisher":"REABIC","doi":"10.3391/mbi.2018.9.3.12","usgsCitation":"Cupp, A.R., Smerud, J.R., Tix, J., Schleis, S.M., Fredricks, K.T., Erickson, R.A., Amberg, J., Morrow, W.S., Koebel, C.M., Murphy, E.A., Vishy, C., and Blodgett, K.D., 2018, Field evaluation of carbon dioxide as a fish deterrent at a water management structure along the Illinois River: Management of Biological Invasions, v. 9, no. 3, p. 299-308, https://doi.org/10.3391/mbi.2018.9.3.12.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"299","endPage":"308","ipdsId":"IP-093338","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468502,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3391/mbi.2018.9.3.12","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437788,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9GS2P5E","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Field evaluation of carbon dioxide as a fish deterrent at a water management structure along the Illinois River: Data"},{"id":357899,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois","otherGeospatial":"Illinois River","volume":"9","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bc02fc0e4b0fc368eb5396d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cupp, Aaron R. 0000-0001-5995-2100 acupp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5995-2100","contributorId":5162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cupp","given":"Aaron","email":"acupp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smerud, Justin R. 0000-0003-4385-7437 jrsmerud@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4385-7437","contributorId":5031,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smerud","given":"Justin","email":"jrsmerud@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tix, John 0000-0002-9531-5624 jtix@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9531-5624","contributorId":197014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tix","given":"John","email":"jtix@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schleis, Susan M. 0000-0002-9396-7856 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rerickson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4649-482X","contributorId":5455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erickson","given":"Richard","email":"rerickson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Amberg, Jon 0000-0002-8351-4861 jamberg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8351-4861","contributorId":149785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Amberg","given":"Jon","email":"jamberg@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Morrow, William S. 0000-0002-2250-3165 wsmorrow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2250-3165","contributorId":1886,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morrow","given":"William","email":"wsmorrow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Koebel, Carolyn M. 0000-0003-0501-2572 ckoebel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0501-2572","contributorId":173836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koebel","given":"Carolyn","email":"ckoebel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Murphy, Elizabeth A. 0000-0002-8939-7678 emurphy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8939-7678","contributorId":196368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murphy","given":"Elizabeth","email":"emurphy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":35680,"text":"Illinois-Iowa-Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Vishy, Chad 0000-0001-5242-0363","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5242-0363","contributorId":208276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vishy","given":"Chad","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Blodgett, K. Douglas","contributorId":208277,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Blodgett","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"Douglas","affiliations":[{"id":7041,"text":"The Nature Conservancy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":746662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70228306,"text":"70228306 - 2018 - An interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) habitat suitability model to identify overwinter conditions for coregonine whitefishes in Arctic lagoons","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-08T17:36:12.932625","indexId":"70228306","displayToPublicDate":"2018-08-12T11:29:59","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) habitat suitability model to identify overwinter conditions for coregonine whitefishes in Arctic lagoons","docAbstract":"Lagoons provide critical habitats for many fishes, including coregonine whitefishes, which are a mainstay in many subsistence fisheries of rural communities in Arctic Alaska. Despite their importance, little is known about the overwintering habits of whitefishes in Arctic Alaska due to the challenges associated with sampling during winter. We developed a habitat suitability (HS) model to understand the potential range of physical conditions that whitefishes experience during the Arctic winter, using three indicator lagoons that represent a range of environmental characteristics. The HS model was built using a three-step approach. First, remote sensing that uses interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) identified areas of floating and bottomfast ice. Second, through in-field ground-truthing, we confirmed the presence and quality of liquid water (water depth, temperature, and dissolved oxygen) beneath the ice cover. Third, we assessed the suitability of that liquid water as habitat for whitefishes based on published literature and expert interpretation of water quality parameters. InSAR determined that 0, 65.4, and 88.2% of the three lagoons were composed of floating ice corresponding with areas of liquid water beneath a layer of ice. The HS model indicated that all three lagoons had reduced suitability as whitefish habitat in winter than in summer due to the loss of habitat because of the presence of bottomfast ice and a reduction in the quality of liquid water due to cold temperatures, high salinities, and low dissolved oxygen levels. However, only the shallowest lagoon had lethal conditions and zero suitability as whitefish habitat. The methods outlined here provide a simple, cost-effective method to identify habitats that consistently provide critical winter habitat and integrate remote sensing in a HS model framework.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1002/tafs.10111","usgsCitation":"Tibbles, M., Falke, J.A., Mahoney, A.R., Robards, M., and Seitz, A.C., 2018, An interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) habitat suitability model to identify overwinter conditions for coregonine whitefishes in Arctic lagoons: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 147, no. 6, p. 1167-1178, https://doi.org/10.1002/tafs.10111.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1167","endPage":"1178","ipdsId":"IP-097751","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468503,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10686345","text":"External Repository"},{"id":395635,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Cape Krusenstern National Monument","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -162.6416015625,\n 67.08455048507471\n ],\n [\n -162.960205078125,\n 67.26779766322973\n ],\n [\n -163.19091796875,\n 67.4285812540874\n ],\n [\n -163.135986328125,\n 67.80924450600011\n ],\n [\n -164.05883789062497,\n 67.80509469602548\n ],\n [\n -164.278564453125,\n 67.64267630796034\n ],\n [\n -163.916015625,\n 67.09738040223989\n ],\n [\n -163.2568359375,\n 66.99884379185184\n ],\n [\n -162.6416015625,\n 67.08455048507471\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"147","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-10-15","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tibbles, Marguerite","contributorId":275096,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tibbles","given":"Marguerite","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6695,"text":"UAF","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Falke, Jeffrey A. 0000-0002-6670-8250 jfalke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6670-8250","contributorId":5195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Falke","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jfalke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":833644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mahoney, Andrew R.","contributorId":275097,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mahoney","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6695,"text":"UAF","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Robards, Martin D.","contributorId":275099,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robards","given":"Martin D.","affiliations":[{"id":56701,"text":"wsc","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Seitz, Andrew C.","contributorId":275102,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seitz","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":6695,"text":"UAF","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70223132,"text":"70223132 - 2018 - An evaluation of three fish surveys in the San Francisco Estuary, 1995–2015","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-12T13:11:35.596364","indexId":"70223132","displayToPublicDate":"2018-08-12T08:09:14","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3331,"text":"San Francisco Estuary and Watershed Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An evaluation of three fish surveys in the San Francisco Estuary, 1995–2015","docAbstract":"Resource managers rely on long-term monitoring surveys conducted in the San Francisco Estuary to evaluate the status and trends of resident fish populations in this important region. These surveys are potentially confounded because of the incomplete detection of individuals and species, the magnitude of which is often related to the same factors that affect fish populations. We used multistate occupancy estimators to evaluate the distribution, abundance, and detection probability of four fish species collected during 1995–2015 with three long-term surveys. Detection probabilities varied positively with fish abundance and negatively with Secchi depth. Detection varied among species and was greatest for the 20-mm Survey and least for the midwater trawl used for the midwater trawl used in the San Francisco Bay Study. Incomplete detection resulted in underestimates of occupancy and abundance across species and surveys and were greatest for the Bay Study. However, trends in occupancy and abundance of the study period appeared to be unbiased. Fish occupancy and abundance were generally related to salinity or specific conductance, day-of-the year, and water temperature, but the nature of the relations varied among surveys and species. There also was strong spatial and temporal dependence in species-specific occupancy and abundance that changed through time and were unrelated to the covariates considered. Our results suggest that managers consider incorporating methods for estimating detection and adjusting data to ensure data quality. Additionally, the strong spatio-temporal patterns in the monitoring data suggest that existing protocols may need to be modified to ensure that data and inferences reflect system-wide changes rather than changes at a specific set of non-randomly selected locations.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of California","doi":"10.15447/sfews.2018v16iss4art2","usgsCitation":"Peterson, J., and Barajas, M.F., 2018, An evaluation of three fish surveys in the San Francisco Estuary, 1995–2015: San Francisco Estuary and Watershed Science, v. 16, no. 4, 2, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.15447/sfews.2018v16iss4art2.","productDescription":"2, 28 p.","ipdsId":"IP-100488","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468504,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.15447/sfews.2018v16iss4art2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":387901,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Estuary","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.9644775390625,\n 37.36142550190517\n ],\n [\n -120.82214355468749,\n 37.36142550190517\n ],\n [\n -120.82214355468749,\n 38.42777351132905\n ],\n [\n -122.9644775390625,\n 38.42777351132905\n ],\n [\n -122.9644775390625,\n 37.36142550190517\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-12-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peterson, James T. 0000-0002-7709-8590 james_peterson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7709-8590","contributorId":2111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"James","email":"james_peterson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":821080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barajas, Miguel F.","contributorId":264181,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barajas","given":"Miguel","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":25426,"text":"OSU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":821081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70202566,"text":"70202566 - 2018 - Millennial soil retention of terrestrial organic matter deposited in the Bengal Fan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-11T14:34:36","indexId":"70202566","displayToPublicDate":"2018-08-10T14:33:42","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3358,"text":"Scientific Reports","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Millennial soil retention of terrestrial organic matter deposited in the Bengal Fan","docAbstract":"The abundance of organic carbon (OC) in vegetation and soils (~2,600 PgC) compared to carbon in the atmosphere (~830 PgC) highlights the importance of terrestrial OC in global carbon budgets. The residence time of OC in continental reservoirs, which sets the rates of carbon exchange between land and atmosphere, represents a key uncertainty in global carbon cycle dynamics. Retention of terrestrial OC can also distort bulk OC- and biomarker-based paleorecords, yet continental storage timescales remain poorly quantified. Using “bomb” radiocarbon (14C) from thermonuclear weapons testing as a tracer, we model leaf-wax fatty acid and bulk OC 14C signatures in a river-proximal marine sediment core from the Bay of Bengal in order to constrain OC storage timescales within the Ganges-Brahmaputra (G-B) watershed. Our model shows that 79-83% of the leaf-waxes in this core were stored in continental reservoirs for an average of 1,000-1,200 calendar years, while the remainder was stored for an average of 15 years. This age structure distorts high-resolution organic paleorecords across geologically rapid events, highlighting that compound-specific proxy approaches must consider storage timescales. Furthermore, these results show that future environmental change could destabilize large stores of old - yet reactive - OC currently stored in tropical basins.","language":"English","publisher":"SpringerNature","doi":"10.1038/s41598-018-30091-8","usgsCitation":"French, K.L., Hein, C., Haghipour, N., Wacker, L., Kudrass, H., Eglinton, T., and Galy, V., 2018, Millennial soil retention of terrestrial organic matter deposited in the Bengal Fan: Scientific Reports, v. 8, p. 1-8, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-30091-8.","productDescription":"Article 11997, 8 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"8","ipdsId":"IP-090571","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468505,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-30091-8","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":361979,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Bay of Bengal","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 88.857421875,\n 20.612219573881042\n ],\n [\n 91.97753906249999,\n 20.612219573881042\n ],\n [\n 91.97753906249999,\n 23.543845136505844\n ],\n [\n 88.857421875,\n 23.543845136505844\n ],\n [\n 88.857421875,\n 20.612219573881042\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-08-10","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"French, Katherine L. 0000-0002-0153-8035","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0153-8035","contributorId":205462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"French","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":759122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hein, Christopher","contributorId":214093,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hein","given":"Christopher","affiliations":[{"id":18865,"text":"VIMS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":759123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haghipour, Negar","contributorId":214094,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Haghipour","given":"Negar","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12483,"text":"ETH Zurich","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":759124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wacker, Lukas","contributorId":214095,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wacker","given":"Lukas","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12483,"text":"ETH Zurich","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":759125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kudrass, Hermann","contributorId":214096,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kudrass","given":"Hermann","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38980,"text":"MARUM Bremen","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":759126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Eglinton, Timothy","contributorId":214097,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eglinton","given":"Timothy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12483,"text":"ETH Zurich","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":759127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Galy, Valier","contributorId":150226,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Galy","given":"Valier","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6706,"text":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution,","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":759128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70197858,"text":"fs20183034 - 2018 - Biological and ecological science for Ohio—The Buckeye State","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-13T10:34:02","indexId":"fs20183034","displayToPublicDate":"2018-08-10T11:56:12","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2018-3034","title":"Biological and ecological science for Ohio—The Buckeye State","docAbstract":"Ohio is home to lakes, rivers, streams, wetlands, forests, prairies, and 312 miles of Lake Erie shoreline. These resources sustain Ohio’s communities by supporting vital sectors of the economy and cultural heritage such as fishing, hunting, and other outdoor recreation. Lake Erie provides drinking water for 3 million Ohioans, supports 124,000 Ohio jobs, and generates \\$1.8 billion in tourism revenue to the State. Outdoor recreation is enjoyed by nearly 60 percent of Ohio residents. Annually, it is estimated that outdoor recreation generates \\$24.3 billion in consumer spending across the State, creates 215,000 jobs, and raises \\$1.5 billion in State and local tax revenue.
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