{"pageNumber":"3312","pageRowStart":"82775","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184904,"records":[{"id":27701,"text":"wri994196 - 1999 - Inorganic chemistry of water and bed sediment in selected tributaries of the south Umpqua River, Oregon, 1998","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-07T09:10:56","indexId":"wri994196","displayToPublicDate":"2001-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-4196","title":"Inorganic chemistry of water and bed sediment in selected tributaries of the south Umpqua River, Oregon, 1998","docAbstract":"<p>Ten sites on small South Umpqua River tributaries were sampled for inorganic constituents in water and streambed sediment. In aqueous samples, high concentrations (concentrations exceeding U.S. Environmental Protection Agency criterion continuous concentration for the protection of aquatic life) of zinc, copper, and cadmium were detected in Middle Creek at Silver Butte, and the concentration of zinc was high at Middle Creek near Riddle. Similar patterns of trace-element occurrence were observed in streambed-sediment samples.The dissolved aqueous load of zinc carried by Middle Creek along the stretch between the upper site (Middle Creek at Silver Butte) and the lower site (Middle Creek near Riddle) decreased by about 0.3 pounds per day. Removal of zinc from solution between the upper and lower sites on Middle Creek evidently was occurring at the time of sampling. However, zinc that leaves the aqueous phase is not necessarily permanently lost from solution. For example, zinc solubility is pH-dependent, and a shift between solid and aqueous phases towards release of zinc to solution in Middle Creek could occur with a perturbation in stream-water pH. Thus, at least two potentially significant sources of zinc may exist in Middle Creek: (1) the upstream source(s) producing the observed high aqueous zinc concentrations and (2) the streambed sediment itself (zinc-bearing solid phases and/or adsorbed zinc). Similar behavior may be exhibited by copper and cadmium because these trace elements also were present at high concentrations in streambed sediment in the Middle Creek Basin.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Portland, OR","doi":"10.3133/wri994196","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Douglas County, Oregon","usgsCitation":"Hinkle, S.R., 1999, Inorganic chemistry of water and bed sediment in selected tributaries of the south Umpqua River, Oregon, 1998: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4196, iii, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994196.","productDescription":"iii, 15 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":158847,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri994196.PNG"},{"id":311172,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4196/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"91.21 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Cascade Range, Klamath Mountains, South Umpqua Basin, Middle Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -124.02191162109375,\n              42.285437007491545\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.02191162109375,\n              43.25920592943641\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.19818115234375,\n              43.25920592943641\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.19818115234375,\n              42.285437007491545\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.02191162109375,\n              42.285437007491545\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49b4e4b07f02db5ca7e8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hinkle, Stephen R. srhinkle@usgs.gov","contributorId":1171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hinkle","given":"Stephen","email":"srhinkle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":198559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":28796,"text":"wri994178 - 1999 - Biological assessment of the lower Boise River, October 1995 through January 1998, Ada and Canyon Counties, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-09T20:49:40","indexId":"wri994178","displayToPublicDate":"2001-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-4178","title":"Biological assessment of the lower Boise River, October 1995 through January 1998, Ada and Canyon Counties, Idaho","docAbstract":"The lower Boise River, between Lucky Peak Dam and the mouth of the river near Parma, Idaho, is adversely affected by various land- and water-use activities. To assess the biotic integrity of the river and the effects of environmental perturbations on aquatic community structure, and to provide a baseline from which to identify future changes in habitat conditions, biological data were collected from October 1995 through January 1998 and evaluated using protocols developed for the U.S. Geological Survey National Water-Quality Assessment Program. Aquatic biological communities were sampled according to the following schedule: epilithic periphyton were collected in October 1995, October 1996, and August 1997; benthic macroinvertebrates were collected in October 1995, 1996, and 1997; and fish were collected in December 1996 and August 1997. Qualitative measurements of instream and riparian habitat indicated an overall decrease in instream habitat quality in a downstream direction. Embeddedness was high at all sites but was lower at the Eckert Road site than at the downstream sites near Middleton and Parma. Silt/sand substrate increased from 17 percent at the Eckert Road site to 49 percent near the mouth of the river. The Eckert Road site had a mix of geomorphic channel units (pool/riffle/run), whereas the Middleton and Parma sites were dominated by runs with very little pool or riffle habitat. Epilithic periphyton chlorophyll-<i>a</i> and ashfree dry weight values tended to increase downstream to the Middleton site and decrease from Middleton to the downstream sites near Caldwell and near Parma. Benthic index of biotic integrity (B-IBI) scores for macroinvertebrates collected in 1995, 1996, and 1997 were highest at the Eckert Road site and decreased at sites downstream. IBI scores for fish collected in 1996 were similar at the Glenwood Bridge and Middleton sites (17 and 16, respectively) and were indicative of a low to moderate level of disturbance. In contrast, the IBI score of 6 at the site near Parma was markedly lower and was indicative of more degraded conditions.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri994178","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Idaho Division of Environmental Quality and Lower Boise River Water Quality Plan, Inc.","usgsCitation":"Mullins, W.H., 1999, Biological assessment of the lower Boise River, October 1995 through January 1998, Ada and Canyon Counties, Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4178, iv, 37 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994178.","productDescription":"iv, 37 p.","numberOfPages":"43","temporalStart":"1995-10-01","temporalEnd":"1998-01-31","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":262335,"rank":800,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4178/report.pdf"},{"id":262336,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4178/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"100000","country":"United States","state":"Idaho","county":"Canyon;Ada","city":"Parma;Cladwell;Boise;Middleton","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.0416,43.1951 ], [ -117.0416,43.999 ], [ -115.7999,43.999 ], [ -115.7999,43.1951 ], [ -117.0416,43.1951 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a48e4b07f02db62352b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mullins, William H.","contributorId":9303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mullins","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":25872,"text":"wri994179 - 1999 - Trace elements in bed sediments and biota from streams in the Santee River basin and coastal drainages, North and South Carolina, 1995-97","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-30T08:43:31","indexId":"wri994179","displayToPublicDate":"2001-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-4179","title":"Trace elements in bed sediments and biota from streams in the Santee River basin and coastal drainages, North and South Carolina, 1995-97","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri994179","usgsCitation":"Abrahamsen, T.A., 1999, Trace elements in bed sediments and biota from streams in the Santee River 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,{"id":25853,"text":"wri994247 - 1999 - Water quality, physical habitat, and fish-community composition in streams in the Twin Cities metropolitan area, Minnesota, 1997-98","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-09T22:24:36.942718","indexId":"wri994247","displayToPublicDate":"2001-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-4247","title":"Water quality, physical habitat, and fish-community composition in streams in the Twin Cities metropolitan area, Minnesota, 1997-98","docAbstract":"<p>Water quality, physical habitat, and fish-community composition were characterized at 13 Twin Cities metropolitan area streams during low-flow conditions, September 1997. Fish communities were resampled during September 1998. Sites were selected based on a range of human population density. Nutrient concentrations were generally low, rarely exceeding concentrations found in agricultural streams or water-quality criteria. Seventeen pesticides and five pesticide metabolites were detected, with atrazine being the only pesticide detected at all 13 streams. Colony counts of fecal coliform bacteria ranged from 54 to greater than 11,000 colonies per 100 mL. Instream fish habitat was sparse with little woody debris and few boulders, cobble, or other suitable fish habitat. Thirty-eight species and one hybrid from 10 families were collected. Fish communities were characterized by high percentages of omnivores and tolerant species with few intolerant species. Index of Biotic Integrity scores were low, with most streams rating fair to very poor. Percent impervious surface was positively correlated with sodium and chloride concentrations and human population density, but was negatively correlated with fish species richness and diversity. Urban land use and human population density influence fish communities and water quality in Twin Cities metropolitan area streams. Other factors that may influence fish community composition include percent impervious cover, water chemistry, water temperature, geomorphology, substrate, instream habitat, and migration barriers.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Mounds View, MN","doi":"10.3133/wri994247","usgsCitation":"Talmage, P.J., Lee, K., Goldstein, R.M., Anderson, J.P., and Fallon, J.D., 1999, Water quality, physical habitat, and fish-community composition in streams in the Twin Cities metropolitan area, Minnesota, 1997-98: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4247, vi, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994247.","productDescription":"vi, 18 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1997-01-01","temporalEnd":"1998-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science 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:{\"name\":\"Anoka\",\"state\":\"MN\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a07e4b07f02db5f97ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Talmage, Philip J.","contributorId":106162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talmage","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lee, Kathy 0000-0002-7683-1367 klee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7683-1367","contributorId":2538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Kathy","email":"klee@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":195346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goldstein, Robert M.","contributorId":68267,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldstein","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Anderson, Jesse P.","contributorId":74416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Jesse","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fallon, James D. jfallon@usgs.gov","contributorId":3417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fallon","given":"James","email":"jfallon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":195347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":26071,"text":"wri994225 - 1999 - WTAQ: A Computer Program for Calculating Drawdowns and Estimating Hydraulic Properties for Confined and Water-Table Aquifers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:28","indexId":"wri994225","displayToPublicDate":"2001-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-4225","title":"WTAQ: A Computer Program for Calculating Drawdowns and Estimating Hydraulic Properties for Confined and Water-Table Aquifers","docAbstract":"The computer program WTAQ calculates hydraulic-head drawdowns in a confined or water-table aquifer that result from pumping at a well of finite or infinitesimal diameter. The program is based on an analytical model of axial-symmetric ground-water flow in a homogeneous and anisotropic aquifer. The program allows for well-bore storage and well-bore skin at the pumped well and for delayed drawdown response at an observation well; by including these factors, it is possible to accurately evaluate the specific storage of a water-table aquifer from early-time drawdown data in observation wells and piezometers. For water-table aquifers, the program allows for either delayed or instantaneous drainage from the unsaturated zone. WTAQ calculates dimensionless or dimensional theoretical drawdowns that can be used with measured drawdowns at observation points to estimate the hydraulic properties of confined and water-table aquifers. Three sample problems illustrate use of WTAQ for estimating horizontal and vertical hydraulic conductivity, specific storage, and specific yield of a water-table aquifer by type-curve methods and by an automatic parameter-estimation method.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri994225","usgsCitation":"Barlow, P.M., and Moench, A.F., 1999, WTAQ: A Computer Program for Calculating Drawdowns and Estimating Hydraulic Properties for Confined and Water-Table Aquifers: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4225, viii, 74 p. :ill. ; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994225.","productDescription":"viii, 74 p. :ill. ; 28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":327,"text":"Groundwater Resources Program","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":124977,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri_99_4225.jpg"},{"id":9420,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri99-4225/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49a0e4b07f02db5bdd2b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barlow, Paul M. 0000-0003-4247-6456 pbarlow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4247-6456","contributorId":1200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barlow","given":"Paul","email":"pbarlow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":195748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moench, Allen F. afmoench@usgs.gov","contributorId":3903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moench","given":"Allen","email":"afmoench@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":195749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":25774,"text":"wri994252 - 1999 - Sources and chronology of nitrate contamination in spring waters, Suwannee River basin, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:25","indexId":"wri994252","displayToPublicDate":"2001-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-4252","title":"Sources and chronology of nitrate contamination in spring waters, Suwannee River basin, Florida","docAbstract":"A multi-tracer approach, which consisted of analyzing water samples for n aturally occurring chemical and isotopic indicators, was used to better understand sources and chronology of nitrate contamination in spring wate rs discharging to the Suwannee and Santa Fe Rivers in northern Florida. Dur ing 1997 and 1998, as part of a cooperative study between the Suwannee River Water Management District and the U.S. Geological Survey, water samples were collected and analyzed from 24 springs and two wells for major ions, nutrients, dissolved organic carbon, and selected environmental isotopes [18O/16O, D/H, 13C/12C, 15N/14N]. To better understand when nitrate entered the ground-water system, water samples were analyzed for chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs; CCl3F, CCl2F2, and C2Cl3F3) and tritium (3H); in this way, the apparent ages and residence times of spring waters and water from shallow zones in the Upper Floridan aquifer were determined. In addition to information obtained from the use of isotopic and other chemical tracers, information on changes in land-use activities in the basin during 1954-97 were used to estimate nitrogen inputs from nonpoint sources for five counties in the basin. Changes in nitrate concentrations in spring waters with time were compared with estimated nitrogen inputs for Lafayette and Suwannee Counties. Agricultural activities [cropland farming, animal farming operations (beef and dairy cows, poultry, and swine)] along with atmospheric deposition have contributed large quantities of nitrogen to ground water in the Suwannee River Basin in northern Florida. Changes in agricultural land use during the past 40 years in Alachua, Columbia, Gilchrist, Lafayette, and Suwannee Counties have contributed variable amounts of nitrogen to the ground-water system. During 1955-97, total estimated nitrogen from all nonpoint sources (fertilizers, animal wastes, atmospheric deposition, and septic tanks) increased continuously in Gilchrist and Lafayette Counties. In Suwannee, Alachua, and Columbia Counties, estimated nitrogen inputs from all nonpoint sources peaked in the late 1970's corresponding to the peak use in fertilizer during this time. Fertilizer use in Columbia, Gilchrist, Lafayette, and Suwannee Counties increased substantially during 1993-97. The heavy use of fertilizers in the basin is corroborated by nitrogen isotope data. Values of d15N of nitrate (d15N-NO3) in spring waters range from 2.7 per mil (SUW718971) to 10.6 per mil (Poe Spring) with a median of 5.4 per mil. The range of values indicates that nitrate in the sampled spring waters most likely originates from a mixture of inorganic (fertilizers) and organic (animal wastes) sources; however, higher d15N values for Poe and Lafayette Blue Springs indicate that an organic source of nitrogen probably is contributing nitrate to these spring waters. Water samples from two wells sampled in Lafayette County have high d15N-NO3 values of 11.0 and 12.1 per mil, indicating the predominance of an organic source of nitrate. These two wells are located near dairy and poultry farms, where leachate from animal wastes may contribute nitrate to ground water. Dissolved-gas data (nitrogen, argon, and oxygen) indicate that denitrification has not removed large amounts of nitrate from the ground-water system. Thus, variations in d15N-NO3 values of spring waters can be attributed to variations in d15N-NO3 values of ground-water recharge, and can be used to obtain information about source(s) of nitrate. Extending the use of age-dating techniques (CFCs and 3H) to spring waters in complex karst systems required the use of several different approaches for estimating age and residence time of ground water discharging to springs. These approaches included the use of a simple reservoir model, a piston-flow model, an exponential model, and a binary-mixing model. When age data (CFC-11, CFC-113, and 3H) are combined for all springs, models that incorporate exponential mixtures seem to provide re","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri994252","usgsCitation":"Katz, B.G., Hornsby, H., Bohlke, J., and Mokray, M., 1999, Sources and chronology of nitrate contamination in spring waters, Suwannee River basin, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4252, iv, 54 p. :col. ill., col. map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994252.","productDescription":"iv, 54 p. :col. ill., col. map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":1878,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri994252","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":157638,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e6e4b07f02db5e76f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Katz, Brian G. bkatz@usgs.gov","contributorId":1093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Katz","given":"Brian","email":"bkatz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":195013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hornsby, H.D.","contributorId":91139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hornsby","given":"H.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bohlke, J. K. 0000-0001-5693-6455","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":59481,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohlke","given":"J. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mokray, M.F.","contributorId":54246,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mokray","given":"M.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":26772,"text":"wri994181 - 1999 - Characterization of selected biological, chemical, and physical conditions at fixed sites in the Upper Colorado River basin, Colorado, 1995-98","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:30","indexId":"wri994181","displayToPublicDate":"2001-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-4181","title":"Characterization of selected biological, chemical, and physical conditions at fixed sites in the Upper Colorado River basin, Colorado, 1995-98","docAbstract":"Biological community samples were collected at 15 sites in the Upper Colorado River Basin (UCOL) in Colorado as part of the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program. Sites sampled in two physiographic provinces, the Southern Rocky Mountains and the Colorado Plateau, represented agriculture, mining, urban and recreation, and mixed land uses and background conditions. Nine measures of water quality, which include information on nutrients, specific conductance (a surrogate for salinity), trace elements in streambed sediment, pesticides in fish tissue, fish communities, and macroinvertebrate richness and composition and stream habitat were used for comparisons among sites within the two physiographic provinces. Sampling sites from three other NAWQA study units?the Rio Grande Valley, the South Platte River Basin, and the Upper Snake River Basin study units?were categorized on the basis of land use and stream size in order to develop a larger data set for comparison to sites in the UCOL. Three categories of land use?forested (includes mining, urban and recreation, and background), agriculture, and mixed?were used for comparison to the UCOL fixed sites. Results indicated that all sites other than the Colorado River below Baker Gulch (a background site) showed some water-quality characteristics to be significantly affected. Results indicated that the concentrations of cadmium and zinc in streambed sediment at mining land-use sites in the Southern Rocky Mountains physiographic province generally were orders of magnitude higher than streambed-sediment concentrations at the background site. Streambed-sediment concentrations at mining land-use sites in the UCOL were greater than the 75th percentile of concentrations from sites in the three other NAWQA study units. Fish communities and habitat conditions were degraded at mining land-use sites compared to the background site. Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera (EPT) richness and the percentage of EPT were lower at mining land-use sites than at the background site and were less than the 50th percentile of those for sites from the three other NAWQA study units. Nutrient concentrations at urban and recreation sites in the Southern Rocky Mountain physiographic province generally were greater than concentrations at the background site and generally were between the 25th and 90th percentile of concentrations for sites from the three other NAWQA study units. Habitat conditions and fish communities at urban and recreation sites were slightly degraded compared to the background site. EPT richness and the percentage of EPT were lower at urban and recreation sites than at the background site and were between the 25th and 75th percentile of those for sites from the three other NAWQA study units. The percentage of Chironomidae, which may be indicative of pollutant-tolerant organisms, was higher at urban and recreation sites than at the background site. Mixed land-use sites in the Southern Rocky Mountains physiographic province had similar nutrient concentrations and similar cadmium and zinc streambed-sediment concentrations. Fish-community degradation index values were very different among the three mixed land-use sites in the Southern Rocky Mountains physiographic province. Larger percentages of omnivores and anomalies such as lesions and deformities at two mixed land-use sites resulted in higher degradation values of the fish community. Agriculture land-use sites had higher concentrations of nutrients and selenium than the background site in the Colorado Plateau physiographic province. Concentrations of p,p'-DDE in fish tissue at agriculture sites were higher than the 75th percentile of concentrations for sites from the three other NAWQA study units. Fish communities had degradation values near the 75th percentile for agriculture sites. The percentage of EPT was low at agriculture sites when compared to the background site. Two mixed land-use sites in the Colorado Plateau physiographi","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey :\r\nInformation Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri994181","usgsCitation":"Deacon, J.R., Mize, S.V., and Spahr, N.E., 1999, Characterization of selected biological, chemical, and physical conditions at fixed sites in the Upper Colorado River basin, Colorado, 1995-98: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4181, vi, 71 p. :ill. (some col.), col. maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994181.","productDescription":"vi, 71 p. :ill. (some col.), col. maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":2077,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri99-4181","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":158133,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4d8e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Deacon, Jeffrey R. 0000-0001-5793-6940 jrdeacon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5793-6940","contributorId":2786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deacon","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jrdeacon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":196976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mize, Scott V. 0000-0001-6751-5568 svmize@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6751-5568","contributorId":2997,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mize","given":"Scott","email":"svmize@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":369,"text":"Louisiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":196977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Spahr, Norman E. nspahr@usgs.gov","contributorId":1977,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spahr","given":"Norman","email":"nspahr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":196975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":22016,"text":"ofr99522 - 1999 - A physically-based earthquake recurrence model for estimation of long-term earthquake probabilities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-27T11:34:38","indexId":"ofr99522","displayToPublicDate":"2001-04-01T07:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-522","title":"A physically-based earthquake recurrence model for estimation of long-term earthquake probabilities","docAbstract":"A physically-motivated model for earthquake recurrence based on the Brownian relaxation oscillator is introduced. The renewal process defining this point process model can be described by the steady rise of a state variable from the ground state to failure threshold as modulated by Brownian motion. Failure times in this model follow the Brownian passage time (BPT) distribution, which is specified by the mean time to failure, μ, and the aperiodicity of the mean, α (equivalent to the familiar coefficient of variation). Analysis of 37 series of recurrent earthquakes, M -0.7 to 9.2, suggests a provisional generic value of α = 0.5. For this value of α, the hazard function (instantaneous failure rate of survivors) exceeds the mean rate for times > μ⁄2, and is ~ ~ 2 ⁄ μ for all times > μ. Application of this model to the next M 6 earthquake on the San Andreas fault at Parkfield, California suggests that the annual probability of the earthquake is between 1:10 and 1:13.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr99522","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Ellsworth, W.L., Matthews, M.V., Nadeau, R.M., Nishenko, S., Reasenberg, P.A., and Simpson, R.W., 1999, A physically-based earthquake recurrence model for estimation of long-term earthquake probabilities: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-522, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99522.","productDescription":"22 p.","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":1188,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0522/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":152992,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0522/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":51484,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0522/pdf/of99-522.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.8,24.5 ], [ -124.8,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,24.5 ], [ -124.8,24.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1fe4b07f02db6ab7e3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ellsworth, William L. ellsworth@usgs.gov","contributorId":787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellsworth","given":"William","email":"ellsworth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":186690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Matthews, Mark V.","contributorId":81797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matthews","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nadeau, Robert M.","contributorId":102373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nadeau","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nishenko, Stuart P.","contributorId":82219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nishenko","given":"Stuart P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Reasenberg, Paul A.","contributorId":35760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reasenberg","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Simpson, Robert W. simpson@usgs.gov","contributorId":1053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simpson","given":"Robert","email":"simpson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":186691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":6946,"text":"fs07499 - 1999 - USGS Map-on-Demand Printing","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-16T17:16:06","indexId":"fs07499","displayToPublicDate":"2001-04-01T01:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"074-99","title":"USGS Map-on-Demand Printing","docAbstract":"Currently, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) uses conventional lithographic printing techniques to produce paper copies of most of its mapping products. This practice is not economical for those products that are in low demand. With the advent of newer technologies, high-speed, large-format printers have been coupled with innovative computer software to turn digital map data into a printed map. It is now possible to store and retrieve data from vast geospatial data bases and print a map on an as-needed basis; that is, print on demand, thereby eliminating the need to warehouse an inventory of paper maps for which there is low demand.  Using print-on-demand technology, the USGS is implementing map-on-demand (MOD) printing for certain infrequently requested maps. By providing MOD, the USGS can offer an alternative to traditional, large-volume printing and can improve its responsiveness to customers by giving them greater access to USGS scientific data in a format that otherwise might not be available.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs07499","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1999, USGS Map-on-Demand Printing: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 074-99, 1 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs07499.","productDescription":"1 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":123998,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1999/0074/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":34224,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1999/0074/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a48e4b07f02db623347","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":528802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":28961,"text":"wri994277 - 1999 - A transient numerical simulation of perched ground-water flow at the test reactor area, Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, Idaho, 1952-94","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:35","indexId":"wri994277","displayToPublicDate":"2001-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-4277","title":"A transient numerical simulation of perched ground-water flow at the test reactor area, Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, Idaho, 1952-94","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nInformation Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri994277","usgsCitation":"Orr, B.R., 1999, A transient numerical simulation of perched ground-water flow at the test reactor area, Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, Idaho, 1952-94: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4277, v, 54 p. :ill. (some col.), maps (some col.) ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994277.","productDescription":"v, 54 p. :ill. (some col.), maps (some col.) ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":121507,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4277/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57836,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4277/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b16e4b07f02db6a554b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Orr, Brennon R.","contributorId":18747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orr","given":"Brennon","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":30209,"text":"wri994266 - 1999 - Surface-water quality on the Prairie Band of Potawatomi Reservation, northeastern Kansas, June 1996 through November 1998","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:01","indexId":"wri994266","displayToPublicDate":"2001-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-4266","title":"Surface-water quality on the Prairie Band of Potawatomi Reservation, northeastern Kansas, June 1996 through November 1998","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nInformation Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri994266","usgsCitation":"Trombley, T.J., 1999, Surface-water quality on the Prairie Band of Potawatomi Reservation, northeastern Kansas, June 1996 through November 1998: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4266, iv, 67 p. :ill., col. maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994266.","productDescription":"iv, 67 p. :ill., col. maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":95833,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4266/report.pdf","size":"7694","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":160439,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4266/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae5e4b07f02db68a5bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Trombley, Thomas J. trombley@usgs.gov","contributorId":1803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trombley","given":"Thomas","email":"trombley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":196,"text":"Connecticut Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":202862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":4290,"text":"cir1192 - 1999 - External task force review of the U.S. Geological Survey Federal-State Cooperative Water Program, August 1999","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:26","indexId":"cir1192","displayToPublicDate":"2001-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1192","title":"External task force review of the U.S. Geological Survey Federal-State Cooperative Water Program, August 1999","docAbstract":"This Task Force review is the first external review of the Federal-State Cooperative Water Program through its more than 100-year history. The purpose of the Task Force is to gather information, assess the effectiveness of the program, and recommend improvements. This report describes the process used by the Task Force to review the Cooperative Water Program and presents the findings and recommendations resulting from the review. This report provides information about Task Force structure and meetings, the information collected and analyzed, and the decision-making process used to arrive at the findings and recommendations.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/cir1192","usgsCitation":"Blanchard, S.F., 1999, External task force review of the U.S. Geological Survey Federal-State Cooperative Water Program, August 1999: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1192, vi, 225 p. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1192.","productDescription":"vi, 225 p. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":40,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/circ1192/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":123398,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1999/1192/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":31401,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1999/1192/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a05e4b07f02db5f8828","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blanchard, Stephen F. (compiler)","contributorId":57829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blanchard","given":"Stephen","suffix":"(compiler)","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":25986,"text":"wri994267 - 1999 - Areal-reduction factors for the precipitation of the 1-day design storm in Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-08T19:55:25.353523","indexId":"wri994267","displayToPublicDate":"2001-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-4267","title":"Areal-reduction factors for the precipitation of the 1-day design storm in Texas","docAbstract":"The reduction of the precipitation depth from a design storm for a point to an effective (mean) depth over a watershed often is important for cost-effective design of hydraulic structures by reducing the volume of precipitation. A design storm for a point is the depth of precipitation that has a specified duration and frequency (recurrence interval). The effective depth can be calculated by multiplying the design-storm depth by an areal-reduction factor (ARF).  ARF ranges from 0 to 1, varies with the recurrence interval of the design storm, and is a function of watershed characteristics such as watershed size and shape, geographic location, and time of year that the design storm occurs. This report documents an investigation of ARF by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Texas Department of Transportation, for the 1-day design storm for Austin, Dallas, and Houston, Texas. The ?annual maxima-centered? approach used in this report specifically considers the distribution of concurrent precipitation surrounding an annual precipitation maxima. Unlike previously established approaches, the annual maxima-centered approach does not require the spatial averaging of precipitation nor explicit definition of a representative area of a particular storm in the analysis. Graphs of the relation between ARF and circular watershed area (to about 7,000 square miles) are provided, and a technique to calculate ARF for noncircular watersheds is discussed.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri994267","usgsCitation":"Asquith, W.H., 1999, Areal-reduction factors for the precipitation of the 1-day design storm in Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4267, iv, 81 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994267.","productDescription":"iv, 81 p.","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":157396,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":1989,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri99-4267/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":465899,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index 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,{"id":6623,"text":"fs11498 - 1999 - Fish health, fungal infections, and Pfiesteria: the role of the U.S. Geological Survey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:01","indexId":"fs11498","displayToPublicDate":"2001-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"114-98","title":"Fish health, fungal infections, and Pfiesteria: the role of the U.S. Geological Survey","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/fs11498","usgsCitation":"Blazer, V., Phillips, S., and Pendleton, E., 1999, Fish health, fungal infections, and Pfiesteria: the role of the U.S. Geological Survey (Online only): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 114-98, [5] p. : ill., maps, https://doi.org/10.3133/fs11498.","productDescription":"[5] p. : ill., maps","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":934,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1998/114/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":121623,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1998/0114/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":34061,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1998/0114/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"edition":"Online only","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f3e4b07f02db5ef5b2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blazer, Vicki 0000-0001-6647-9614","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6647-9614","contributorId":102880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blazer","given":"Vicki","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":153047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Phillips, Scott","contributorId":105301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"Scott","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":153049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pendleton, Edward","contributorId":103676,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pendleton","given":"Edward","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":153048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":28387,"text":"wri994076 - 1999 - Hydrogeologic framework and sampling design for an assessment of agricultural pesticides in ground water in Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-12T09:43:46","indexId":"wri994076","displayToPublicDate":"2001-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-4076","title":"Hydrogeologic framework and sampling design for an assessment of agricultural pesticides in ground water in Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"<p>State agencies responsible for regulating pesticides are required by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to develop state management plans for specific pesticides. A key part of these management plans includes assessing the potential for contamination of ground water by pesticides throughout the state. As an example of how a statewide assessment could be implemented, a plan is presented for the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania to illustrate how a hydrogeologic framework can be used as a basis for sampling areas within a state with the highest likelihood of having elevated pesticide concentrations in ground water. The framework was created by subdividing the state into 20 areas on the basis of physiography and aquifer type. Each of these 20 hydrogeologic settings is relatively homogeneous with respect to aquifer susceptibility and pesticide use—factors that would be likely to affect pesticide concentrations in ground water. Existing data on atrazine occurrence in ground water was analyzed to determine (1) which areas of the state already have sufficient samples collected to make statistical comparisons among hydrogeologic settings, and (2) the effect of factors such as land use and aquifer characteristics on pesticide occurrence. The theoretical vulnerability and the results of the data analysis were used to rank each of the 20 hydrogeologic settings on the basis of vulnerability of ground water to contamination by pesticides. Example sampling plans are presented for nine of the hydrogeologic settings that lack sufficient data to assess vulnerability to contamination. Of the highest priority areas of the state, two out of four have been adequately sampled, one of the three areas of moderate to high priority has been adequately sampled, four of the nine areas of moderate to low priority have been adequately sampled, and none of the three low priority areas have been sampled.</p><p>Sampling to date has shown that, even in the most vulnerable hydrogeologic settings, pesticide concentrations in ground water rarely exceed U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Drinking Water Standards or Health Advisory Levels. Analyses of samples from 1,159 private water supplies reveal only 3 sites for which samples with concentrations of pesticides exceeded drinking-water standards. In most cases, samples with elevated concentrations could be traced to point sources at pesticide loading or mixing areas. These analyses included data from some of the most vulnerable areas of the state, indicating that it is highly unlikely that pesticide concentrations in water from wells in other areas of the state would exceed the drinking-water standards unless a point source of contamination were present. Analysis of existing data showed that water from wells in areas of the state underlain by carbonate (limestone and dolomite) bedrock, which commonly have a high percentage of corn production, was much more likely to have pesticides detected. Application of pesticides to the land surface generally has not caused concentrations of the five state priority pesticides in ground water to exceed health standards; however, this study has not evaluated the potential human health effects of mixtures of pesticides or pesticide degradation products in drinking water. This study also has not determined whether concentrations in ground water are stable, increasing, or decreasing.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri994076","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture","usgsCitation":"Lindsey, B., and Bickford, T.M., 1999, Hydrogeologic framework and sampling design for an assessment of agricultural pesticides in ground water in Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4076, v, 44 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994076.","productDescription":"v, 44 p.","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125175,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4076/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":2280,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4076/wri19994076.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.75 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRI 1999-4076"}],"contact":"<p><a href=\"mailto:dc_pa@usgs.gov\" data-mce-href=\"mailto:dc_pa@usgs.gov\">Director</a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https://pa.water.usgs.gov/\" data-mce-href=\"https://pa.water.usgs.gov/\">Pennsylvania Water Science Center</a><br> U.S. Geological Survey<br> Pennsylvania Water Science Center<br> 215 Limekiln Road<br> New Cumberland, PA 17070</p><p>&nbsp;</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Abstract</li><li>Introduction</li><li>Hydrogeologic framework for pesticide analysis</li><li>Prioritization of areas for sampling</li><li>Sampling plan</li><li>Summary</li><li>References cited</li></ul>","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ee4b07f02db627a4e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lindsey, Bruce D. 0000-0002-7180-4319 blindsey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7180-4319","contributorId":434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindsey","given":"Bruce D.","email":"blindsey@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":199711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bickford, Tammy M.","contributorId":16048,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bickford","given":"Tammy","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
]}