Numerous earthen basins have been constructed in Minnesota for storage of livestock waste. Typically, these basins are excavated pits with partially above-grade, earth-walled embankments and compacted clay liners. Some have drain tile installed around them to prevent shallow ground and soil water to discharge into the basins. Environmental concerns associated with the waste include contamination of ground water by nitrogen compounds and pathogens.
\nThe U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the MFC A (Minnesota Pollution Control Agency), studied the quantity and quality of seepage from two earthen basins used to store livestock waste in southern Minnesota during the first year of operation. One basin (site A), located at a small dairy farm, holds a manuresilage mixture, milkhouse wastewater, and local runoff; the other basin (site B), located at a large hog farm, holds a manure-water mixture from a nearby gestation barn. Monitoring systems were installed below compacted clay liners in portions of the sidewalls and bottoms of the basins to determine the quantity and quality of the seepage.
\nTotal seepage flow from the site A basin ranged from about 900 to 2,400 gal/d (gallons per day) except during April 1998 when the flow increased to about 4,200 gal/d. Seepage flow in areal units, which closely correlated with flow in gal/d, generally ranged from about 0.07 to 0.18 in./d (inches per day), which exceeded the recommended maximum design rate of 0.018 in./d established by the MPCA. Seepage flow commonly was greater through the sidewalls than through the bottom.
\nSeepage from the site A basin (based on 11 samples each from the bottom and sidewall) had chloride concentrations of 220-350 mg/L (milligrams per liter); ammonium-N (nitrogen) concentrations of 2.40 mg/L or less (except for one concentration of 18.4 mg/L); nitrate-N concentrations of 5.24 mg/L or less; and organic-N concentrations of 6.97 mg/L or less. Ground water would be enriched in chloride and diluted in inorganic-N from mixing with basin seepage. Fecal Coliform bacteria, although abundant in the basin wastewater, were present in very small amounts in the seepage.
\nTotal seepage flow from the site B basin generally ranged from 400 to 2,200 gal/d except during 1-month and 3-month periods when the flow ranged from about 3,800 to 6,200 gal/d. Seepage flow in areal units generally ranged from about 0.025 to 0.15 in./d, and, as at the site A basin, exceeded the MPCA recommended maximum design rate of 0.018 in./d. Seepage flow in areal units generally correlated with the flow in gal/d except through the sidewalls when the basin was unfilled. Except during the first three months of the study, seepage flow was greater through the sidewalls than through the bottom.
\nSeepage from the site B basin (based on 10 samples each from the bottom and sidewall) had chloride concentrations of 11 to 100 mg/L; ammonium-N concentrations of 2.58 mg/L or less; nitrate-N concentrations of 25.7 mg/L or less (except for one concentration of 146 mg/L); and organic-N concentrations of 0.92 mg/L or less. Nitrate-N concentrations in the seepage exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (1996). MCL (maximum contaminant level) of 10 mg/L in 17 of 22 samples. Background ground-water quality, however, indicated that nitrate-N concentrations were greater than the MCL prior to operation of the basin. Fecal Coliform bacteria, as at the site A basin, were abundant in the basin wastewater, but not in the seepage.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Mounds View, MN","doi":"10.3133/wri994206","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency","usgsCitation":"Ruhl, J.F., 1999, Quantity and quality of seepage from two earthen basins used to store livestock waste in southern Minnesota during the first year of operation, 1997-98: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4206, iv, 35 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994206.","productDescription":"iv, 35 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1997-01-01","temporalEnd":"1998-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":58297,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4206/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":12254,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://mn.water.usgs.gov/publications/pubs/99-4206Cover.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":160444,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4206/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":12253,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://mn.water.usgs.gov/publications/pubs/99-4206.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a82e4b07f02db64ac6e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ruhl, James F.","contributorId":103322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruhl","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":29926,"text":"wri994161 - 1999 - Effects of pumping collector wells on river-aquifer interaction at Platte River Island near Ashland, Nebraska, 1998","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-09T15:25:51","indexId":"wri994161","displayToPublicDate":"2001-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-4161","title":"Effects of pumping collector wells on river-aquifer interaction at Platte River Island near Ashland, Nebraska, 1998","docAbstract":"The city of Lincoln, Nebraska, owns and operates two large collector wells-W90-1H and W90-2H-on the Platte River Island near\nAshland, Nebraska (fig. 1). Wells W90-1H and W90-2H augment water supplies from the city's primary well fields on the west bank of\nthe Platte River. In 1998, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the city of Lincoln entered a cooperative agreement to study the\ninteraction of the Platte River with the underlying alluvial aquifer during various pumping scenarios for the collector wells. Description\nof the river-aquifer interaction at the Platte River Island while the collector wells are pumping will enable water managers to regulate\nthe relative amounts of river water and ground water withdrawn by the collector wells. Results also will contribute to improved understanding\nof surface-water/ground-water relations in similar alluvial settings.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri994161","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Lincoln","usgsCitation":"Steele, G.V., and Verstraeten, I., 1999, Effects of pumping collector wells on river-aquifer interaction at Platte River Island near Ashland, Nebraska, 1998: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4161, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994161.","productDescription":"6 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":160128,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri994161.jpg"},{"id":286069,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4161/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","otherGeospatial":"Platte River Island","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -96.375000,41.029444 ], [ -96.375000,41.065278 ], [ -96.297222,41.065278 ], [ -96.297222,41.029444 ], [ -96.375000,41.029444 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db6119e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Steele, G. V.","contributorId":62543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steele","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Verstraeten, Ingrid M.","contributorId":61033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verstraeten","given":"Ingrid M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":29543,"text":"wri984224 - 1999 - Ground-water quality in the eastern part of the Silurian-Devonian and upper Carbonate aquifers in the eastern Iowa basins, Iowa and Minnesota, 1996","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-28T15:06:59","indexId":"wri984224","displayToPublicDate":"2001-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4224","title":"Ground-water quality in the eastern part of the Silurian-Devonian and upper Carbonate aquifers in the eastern Iowa basins, Iowa and Minnesota, 1996","docAbstract":"Ground-water samples were collected from 33 domestic wells to assess the water quality of the eastern part of the Silurian-Devonian and Upper Carbonate aquifers in the Eastern Iowa Basins National Water-Quality Assessment Program study unit. Samples were collected during June and July 1996 and analyzed for major ions, nutrients, pesticides and pesticide metabolites, volatile organic compounds, tritium, radon222, and environmental isotopes.
\nCalcium, magnesium, and bicarbonate were the dominant ions in most samples and were likely derived from the solution of carbonate minerals (calcite and dolomite) present in the aquifer materials. The dominance of sulfate in samples from several wells suggests the dissolution of evaporite minerals. Ammonia and orthophosphorus were the most commonly detected nutrients. Nitrate was detected in about half of the samples and exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency maximum contaminant level (10 milligrams per liter) in 6 percent of samples. Atrazine and metolachlor were the only pesticides detected and were present in 18 percent and 12 percent of samples, respectively. Alachlor ethanesulfonic acid and deethylatrazine were the most commonly detected pesticide metabolites and were present in 16 percent and 9 percent of samples, respectively. Radon-222 was detected in all samples, and 47 percent had concentrations in excess of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency previously proposed maximum contaminant level (300 picocuries per liter). Radon-222 concentrations were significantly higher in samples from wells that produced recently recharged water. This relation suggests that uranium-bearing glacial deposits (Schumann, 1993) may be a source of radon-222 in the underlying aquifers.
\nThe presence of regional confining units and thick overlying Quaternary-age deposits have an effect on water quality in the Silurian-Devonian and Upper Carbonate aquifers in the study area. Tritium-based ground-water ages were significantly older, and dissolved-solids concentrations were significantly higher in relatively well protected areas (where the aquifers are overlain by a bedrock confining unit or more than 100 feet of Quaternary-age deposits). Ammonia concentrations were significantly higher in relatively well protected areas and in samples from wells that produced older water. Higher ammonia concentrations also were observed in ground water with dissolved-oxygen concentrations of 0.5 milligram per liter or less, allowing for the anaerobic reduction of nitrate to ammonia. Nitrate concentrations were significantly higher in relatively poorly protected areas (where the aquifers are not overlain by a bedrock confining unit or are overlain by less than 100 feet of Quaternaryage deposits) and in samples from wells that produced recently recharged water. Pesticide and metabolite concentrations were significantly higher in samples from wells that produced recently recharged water. Atrazine, metolachlor, and deethylatrazine were not detected in any samples from relatively well protected areas of the aquifers.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Iowa City, IA","doi":"10.3133/wri984224","usgsCitation":"Savoca, M.E., Sadorf, E.M., and Akers, K.K., 1999, Ground-water quality in the eastern part of the Silurian-Devonian and upper Carbonate aquifers in the eastern Iowa basins, Iowa and Minnesota, 1996: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4224, vi, 31 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984224.","productDescription":"vi, 31 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":159802,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":2382,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/wri984224/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa, Minnesota","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.614990234375,\n 40.91351257612758\n ],\n [\n -91.3623046875,\n 40.83874913796459\n ],\n [\n -91.07666015625,\n 40.72228267283148\n ],\n [\n -91.20849609375,\n 40.9052096972736\n ],\n [\n -91.29638671875,\n 41.03793062246529\n ],\n [\n -91.16455078125,\n 41.1455697310095\n ],\n [\n -91.087646484375,\n 41.15384235711447\n ],\n [\n -91.175537109375,\n 41.261291493919856\n ],\n [\n -91.07666015625,\n 41.393294288784865\n ],\n [\n -91.065673828125,\n 41.52502957323801\n ],\n [\n -90.8349609375,\n 41.590796851056005\n ],\n [\n -90.615234375,\n 41.6154423246811\n ],\n [\n -90.3955078125,\n 41.68932225997044\n ],\n [\n -90.28564453124999,\n 41.83682786072714\n ],\n [\n -90.406494140625,\n 41.983994270935625\n ],\n [\n -90.670166015625,\n 41.983994270935625\n ],\n [\n -90.966796875,\n 42.06560675405716\n ],\n [\n -91.38427734374999,\n 42.24478535602799\n ],\n [\n -91.58203125,\n 42.431565872579185\n ],\n [\n -91.92260742187499,\n 42.706659563510385\n ],\n [\n -92.208251953125,\n 42.94838139765314\n ],\n [\n -92.48291015625,\n 43.17313537107136\n ],\n [\n -92.6806640625,\n 43.42898792344157\n ],\n [\n -92.92236328125,\n 43.723474896114816\n ],\n [\n -93.065185546875,\n 43.94537239244209\n ],\n [\n -93.262939453125,\n 44.07969327425713\n ],\n [\n -93.460693359375,\n 44.01652134387754\n ],\n [\n -93.61450195312499,\n 43.937461690316646\n ],\n [\n -93.84521484375,\n 43.76315996157264\n ],\n [\n -93.9990234375,\n 43.48481212891603\n ],\n [\n -94.10888671875,\n 43.34116005412307\n ],\n [\n -94.163818359375,\n 43.1811470593997\n ],\n [\n -94.075927734375,\n 43.08493742707592\n ],\n [\n -93.93310546875,\n 42.956422511073335\n ],\n [\n -93.834228515625,\n 42.779275360241904\n ],\n [\n -93.84521484375,\n 42.577354839557856\n ],\n [\n -94.010009765625,\n 42.44778143462245\n ],\n [\n -94.06494140625,\n 42.26917949243506\n ],\n [\n -94.04296874999999,\n 42.00848901572399\n ],\n [\n -93.878173828125,\n 41.77131167976407\n ],\n [\n -93.53759765625,\n 41.50857729743935\n ],\n [\n -93.05419921875,\n 41.45919537950706\n ],\n [\n -92.757568359375,\n 41.261291493919856\n ],\n [\n -92.427978515625,\n 41.12074559016745\n ],\n [\n -92.17529296875,\n 41.0130657870063\n ],\n [\n -91.812744140625,\n 40.94671366508002\n ],\n [\n -91.614990234375,\n 40.91351257612758\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa7e4b07f02db6671c5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Savoca, Mark E. mesavoca@usgs.gov","contributorId":1961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savoca","given":"Mark","email":"mesavoca@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":201690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sadorf, Eric M. emsadorf@usgs.gov","contributorId":2245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sadorf","given":"Eric","email":"emsadorf@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":201691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Akers, Kymm K.B.","contributorId":20790,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Akers","given":"Kymm","email":"","middleInitial":"K.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":29820,"text":"wri994144 - 1999 - Sedimentation survey of Lago de Cidra, Puerto Rico, November 1997","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:48","indexId":"wri994144","displayToPublicDate":"2001-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-4144","title":"Sedimentation survey of Lago de Cidra, Puerto Rico, November 1997","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri994144","usgsCitation":"Soler-Lopez, L.R., 1999, Sedimentation survey of Lago de Cidra, Puerto Rico, November 1997: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4144, v, 19 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.; 1 over-size sheet, scale 1:10,000, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994144.","productDescription":"v, 19 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.; 1 over-size sheet, scale 1:10,000","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":95784,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4144/report.pdf","size":"1513","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":95785,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4144/plate-1.pdf","size":"414","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":159160,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4144/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"10000","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ee4b07f02db660459","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Soler-Lopez, Luis R.","contributorId":27501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soler-Lopez","given":"Luis","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":28421,"text":"wri984221 - 1999 - Nutrient and sediment concentrations, trends, and loads from five subwatersheds in the Patuxent River Basin, Maryland, 1986-96","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-08T13:11:45","indexId":"wri984221","displayToPublicDate":"2001-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4221","title":"Nutrient and sediment concentrations, trends, and loads from five subwatersheds in the Patuxent River Basin, Maryland, 1986-96","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;Branch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri984221","usgsCitation":"Lizarraga, J.S., 1999, Nutrient and sediment concentrations, trends, and loads from five subwatersheds in the Patuxent River Basin, Maryland, 1986-96: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4221, v, 31 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984221.","productDescription":"v, 31 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":159129,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4221/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":274643,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4221/report.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afce4b07f02db696796","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lizarraga, Joy S.","contributorId":43735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lizarraga","given":"Joy","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":28273,"text":"wri984222 - 1999 - Pesticides in streams of the United States : initial results from the National Water-Quality Assessment Program","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:53","indexId":"wri984222","displayToPublicDate":"2001-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4222","title":"Pesticides in streams of the United States : initial results from the National Water-Quality Assessment Program","docAbstract":"Water samples from 58 rivers and streams across the United States were analyzed for pesticides as part of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program of the U.S. Geological Survey. The sampling sites represent 37 diverse agricultural basins, 11 urban basins, and 10 basins with mixed land use. Forty-six pesticides and pesticide degradation products were analyzed in approximately 2,200 samples collected from 1992 to 1995. The target compounds account for approximately 70 percent of national agricultural use in terms of the mass of pesticides applied annually. \r\n\r\nAll the target compounds were detected in one or more samples. Herbicides generally were detected more frequently and at higher concentrations than insecticides. Nationally, 11 herbicides, 1 herbicide degradation product, and 3 insecticides were detected in more than 10 percent of samples. The number of target compounds detected at each site ranged from 7 to 37. The herbicides atrazine, metolachlor, prometon, and simazine were detected most frequently; among the insecticides, carbaryl, chlorpyrifos, and diazinon were detected the most frequently. Distinct differences in pesticide occurrence were observed in streams draining the various agricultural settings. Relatively high levels of several herbicides occurred as seasonal pulses in corn-growing areas. Several insecticides were frequently detected in areas where the dominant crops consist of orchards and vegetables. The number of pesticides detected and their concentrations were lower in wheat-growing areas than in most other agricultural areas. In most urban areas, the herbicides prometon and simazine and the insecticides carbaryl, chlorpyrifos, diazinon, and malathion were commonly detected. Concentrations of pesticides rarely exceeded standards and criteria established for drinking water, but some pesticides commonly exceeded criteria established for the protection of aquatic life.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri984222","usgsCitation":"Larson, S., Gilliom, R.J., and Capel, P.D., 1999, Pesticides in streams of the United States : initial results from the National Water-Quality Assessment Program: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4222, viii, 92 p. :ill. (some col.), col. maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984222.","productDescription":"viii, 92 p. :ill. (some col.), col. maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":95707,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4222/report.pdf","size":"813","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":159604,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4222/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db686373","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Larson, Steven J.","contributorId":29845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"Steven J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gilliom, Robert J. rgilliom@usgs.gov","contributorId":488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilliom","given":"Robert","email":"rgilliom@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":199510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Capel, Paul D. 0000-0003-1620-5185 capel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1620-5185","contributorId":1002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Capel","given":"Paul","email":"capel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":199511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":27319,"text":"wri994155 - 1999 - Water-quality assessment of south-central Texas — Descriptions and comparisons of nutrients, pesticides, and volatile organic compounds at three intensive fixed sites, 1996-98","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-27T20:52:16.218148","indexId":"wri994155","displayToPublicDate":"2001-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-4155","title":"Water-quality assessment of south-central Texas — Descriptions and comparisons of nutrients, pesticides, and volatile organic compounds at three intensive fixed sites, 1996-98","docAbstract":"Water-quality samples were collected during April 1996-April 1998 at three intensive fixed sites in the San Antonio region of the South-Central Texas study unit as part of the U.S. Geological Survey National Water-Quality Assessment Program. The sampling strategy for the intensive fixed-site assessment is centered on obtaining information about the occurrence and seasonal patterns of selected constituents including nutrients, pesticides, and volatile organic compounds. The three sites selected to determine the effects of agriculture and urbanization on surface-water quality in the study unit are Medina River at LaCoste (agriculture indicator site), Salado Creek (lower station) at San Antonio (urban indicator site), and San Antonio River near Elmendorf (integrator site).Concentrations of two nutrients, dissolved nitrite plus nitrate nitrogen and total phosphorus, were largest at the integrator site, which is downstream of municipal wastewater treatment plants. Nitrite plus nitrate nitrogen concentrations at this site often exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) maximum contaminant level (MCL) for drinking water. All total phosphorus concentrations at the site exceeded the EPA recommended maximum concentration for streams not discharging directly into reservoirs. Nitrite plus nitrate nitrogen concentrations at the integrator site tended to be smaller, and total phosphorus concentrations at the urban site tended to be larger in samples collected during stormflow than during base flow. The most detections and largest concentrations of three pesticides (atrazine, diazinon, and prometon) were in samples collected at the urban site. Some pesticide concentrations at the agriculture site showed a seasonal pattern of increasing concentrations during spring, the peak application season. Four pesticides (atrazine, deethylatrazine, diazinon, and prometon) were detected in at least 38 percent of samples collected at all three sites. The concentrations of all detected pesticides that have an MCL were less than the MCL at the three sites. More volatile organic compounds (VOC) were detected at the urban indicator site than at the agriculture indicator site, mostly likely because more sources are located in urbanized areas. The most VOCs detected and the largest concentrations of two VOCs (chloroform and tetrahydrofuran) were in samples from the integrator site. More VOCs were detected in samples collected at the integrator site during stormflow than during base flow. The concentrations of all detected VOCs that have an MCL were less than the MCL at the three sites.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri994155","usgsCitation":"Ging, P.B., 1999, Water-quality assessment of south-central Texas — Descriptions and comparisons of nutrients, pesticides, and volatile organic compounds at three intensive fixed sites, 1996-98: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4155, vi, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994155.","productDescription":"vi, 24 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":159017,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri994155.PNG"},{"id":393468,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_22938.htm"},{"id":327296,"rank":101,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri994155/99-4155.pdf"},{"id":2191,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri994155","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -100.546,\n 29\n ],\n [\n -97.694,\n 29\n ],\n [\n -97.694,\n 30.233\n ],\n [\n -100.546,\n 30.233\n ],\n [\n -100.546,\n 29\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e6e4b07f02db5e7155","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ging, Patricia B. 0000-0001-5491-8448 pbging@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5491-8448","contributorId":1788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ging","given":"Patricia","email":"pbging@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":197909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":29826,"text":"wri994030 - 1999 - Sedimentation survey of Lago Patillas, Puerto Rico, April 1997","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-30T19:11:26.328842","indexId":"wri994030","displayToPublicDate":"2001-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-4030","title":"Sedimentation survey of Lago Patillas, Puerto Rico, April 1997","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri994030","usgsCitation":"Soler-Lopez, L.R., Webb, R., and Perez-Blair, F., 1999, Sedimentation survey of Lago Patillas, Puerto Rico, April 1997: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4030, v, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994030.","productDescription":"v, 14 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":407731,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_18969.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":95799,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4030/plate-1.pdf","size":"338","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":159549,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4030/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":95798,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4030/report.pdf","size":"1236","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Puerto Rico","otherGeospatial":"Lago Patilla","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -66.03899002075195,\n 18.016283349673344\n ],\n [\n -66.00929260253906,\n 18.016283349673344\n ],\n [\n -66.00929260253906,\n 18.033423197407597\n ],\n [\n -66.03899002075195,\n 18.033423197407597\n ],\n [\n -66.03899002075195,\n 18.016283349673344\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fbbec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Soler-Lopez, Luis R.","contributorId":27501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soler-Lopez","given":"Luis","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Webb, Richard M. T. 0000-0001-9531-2207","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9531-2207","contributorId":35772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webb","given":"Richard M. T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Perez-Blair, Francisco","contributorId":102521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perez-Blair","given":"Francisco","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":25991,"text":"wri994172 - 1999 - Site-specific estimation of peak-streamflow frequency using generalized least-squares regression for natural basins in Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-22T14:35:16","indexId":"wri994172","displayToPublicDate":"2001-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-4172","title":"Site-specific estimation of peak-streamflow frequency using generalized least-squares regression for natural basins in Texas","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Texas Department of Transportation, has developed a computer program to estimate peak-streamflow frequency for ungaged sites in natural basins in Texas. Peak-streamflow frequency refers to the peak streamflows for recurrence intervals of 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, and 100 years. Peak-streamflow frequency estimates are needed by planners, managers, and design engineers for flood-plain management; for objective assessment of flood risk; for cost-effective design of roads and bridges; and also for the desin of culverts, dams, levees, and other flood-control structures. The program estimates peak-streamflow frequency using a site-specific approach and a multivariate generalized least-squares linear regression. A site-specific approach differs from a traditional regional regression approach by developing unique equations to estimate peak-streamflow frequency specifically for the ungaged site. The stations included in the regression are selected using an informal cluster analysis that compares the basin characteristics of the ungaged site to the basin characteristics of all the stations in the data base. The program provides several choices for selecting the stations. Selecting the stations using cluster analysis ensures that the stations included in the regression will have the most pertinent information about flooding characteristics of the ungaged site and therefore provide the basis for potentially improved peak-streamflow frequency estimation. An evaluation of the site-specific approach in estimating peak-streamflow frequency for gaged sites indicates that the site-specific approach is at least as accurate as a traditional regional regression approach.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri994172","usgsCitation":"Asquith, W.H., and Slade, R., 1999, Site-specific estimation of peak-streamflow frequency using generalized least-squares regression for natural basins in Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4172, iii, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994172.","productDescription":"iii, 19 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":157402,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":1993,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri994172","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48d3e4b07f02db548d71","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Asquith, William H. 0000-0002-7400-1861 wasquith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7400-1861","contributorId":1007,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Asquith","given":"William","email":"wasquith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":48595,"text":"Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":195596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Slade, R.M. Jr.","contributorId":40595,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slade","given":"R.M.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":26857,"text":"wri994165 - 1999 - Conceptual Model and Numerical Simulation of the Ground-Water-Flow System in the Unconsolidated Sediments of Thurston County, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:15","indexId":"wri994165","displayToPublicDate":"2001-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-4165","title":"Conceptual Model and Numerical Simulation of the Ground-Water-Flow System in the Unconsolidated Sediments of Thurston County, Washington","docAbstract":"The demand for water in Thurston County has increased steadily in recent years because of a rapid growth in population. Surface-water resources in the county have been fully appropriated for many years and Thurston County now relies entirely on ground water for new supplies of water. Thurston County is underlain by up to 2,000 feet of unconsolidated glacial and non-glacial Quaternary sediments which overlie consolidated rocks of Tertiary age. Six geohydrologic units have been identified within the unconsolidated sediments.\r\n\r\nBetween 1988 and 1990, median water levels rose 0.6 to 1.9 feet in all geohydrologic units except bedrock, in which they declined 1.4 feet. Greater wet-season precipitation in 1990 (43 inches) than in 1988 (26 inches) was the probable cause of the higher 1990 water levels.\r\n\r\nGround-water flow in the unconsolidated sediments underlying Thurston County was simulated with a computerized numerical model (MODFLOW). The model was constructed to simulate 1988 ground-water conditions as steady state.\r\n\r\nSimulated inflow to the model area from precipitation and secondary recharge was 620,000 acre-feet per year (93 percent), leakage from streams and lakes was 38,000 acre-ft/yr (6 percent), and ground water entering the model along the Chehalis River valley was 5,800 acre-ft/yr (1 percent). Simulated outflow from the model was primarily leakage to streams, springs, lakes, and seepage faces (500,000 acre-ft/yr or 75 percent of the total outflow). Submarine seepage to Puget Sound was simulated to be 88,000 acre-ft/yr (13 percent). Simulated ground-water discharge along the Chehalis River valley was simulated to be 12,000 acreft/yr (2 percent). Simulated withdrawals by wells for all purposes was 62,000 acre-ft/yr (9 percent).\r\n\r\nThe numerical model was used to simulate the possible effects of increasing ground-water withdrawals by 23,000 acre-ft/yr above the 1988 rate of withdrawal. The model indicated that the increased withdrawals would come from reduced discharge to springs, seepage faces, and offshore (total of 51 percent of increased pumping) and decreased flow to rivers (46 percent). About 3 percent would come from increased leakage from rivers. Water levels would decline more than 1 foot over most of the model area, more than 10 feet over some areas, and would be at a maximum of about 35 feet.\r\n\r\nContributing areas for water discharging at McAllister and Abbott Springs and to pumping centers near Tumwater and Lacey were estimated using a particle-tracking post-processing computer code (MODPATH) and a MODFLOW model calibrated to steady-state (1988) conditions. Water discharging at McAllister and Abbot Springs was determined to come from water entering the ground-water system at the water table in an area of about 20 square miles (mi2) to the west and south of the springs. This water is estimated to come from recharge (both precipitation and secondary) and from leakage from Lake St. Clair and several other surface-water bodies. Southeast of Lacey, about 3,800 acre-ft of ground water were pumped from five municipal wells during 1988. The source of the pumped water was determined to be an area that covers about 1.1 mi2. The water was estimated to come from recharge (both precipitation and secondary) and leakage from surface-water bodies. Along the lower Deschutes River nearly 3,900 acre-ft/yr of ground water were pumped during 1988 from 15 wells for municipal and industrial use. The calculated source of this water was an area that covers about 1.3 mi2. Within the calculated contributing area the pumped ground water comes from recharge (both precipitation and secondary) and leakage from the Deschutes River and several other surface-water bodies.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri994165","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Thurston County Health Department","usgsCitation":"Drost, B., Ely, D., and Lum, W.E., 1999, Conceptual Model and Numerical Simulation of the Ground-Water-Flow System in the Unconsolidated Sediments of Thurston County, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4165, Total: 262 p.; Report: vi, 106 p.; Appendixes: Pages 107-254; Figure 21 PDF: 22 x 34 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994165.","productDescription":"Total: 262 p.; Report: vi, 106 p.; Appendixes: Pages 107-254; Figure 21 PDF: 22 x 34 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":157322,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12408,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri994165/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -123.5,46.5 ], [ -123.5,48.5 ], [ -121.5,48.5 ], [ -121.5,46.5 ], [ -123.5,46.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4839","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drost, B. W.","contributorId":38526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drost","given":"B. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ely, D.M.","contributorId":33356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ely","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lum, W. E. II","contributorId":81504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lum","given":"W.","suffix":"II","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":29506,"text":"wri984266 - 1999 - Water-resources-related information for the Oneida Reservation and vicinity, Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-27T15:35:13","indexId":"wri984266","displayToPublicDate":"2001-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4266","title":"Water-resources-related information for the Oneida Reservation and vicinity, Wisconsin","docAbstract":"Water-resources information has been compiled from 82 studies in which data were collected from the Oneida Reservation and vicinity. Forty-seven studies addressed surface-water issues, 33 studies addressed ground-water issues, and 23 studies addressed aquatic-biology issues. Some multidisciplinary studies are included in more than one category.
\nMost of the surface-water studies summarized in this report included both water-quality and flow information. Several surface-water studies provided detailed short-term descriptions of surface- water quality and flow for parts of the Reservation and vicinity.
\nSurface-water and stream-sediment quality data from several data bases have been compiled for this report. Most of the compiled data come from two sites on Duck Creek. Data from Duck Creek were analyzed for trends in concentrations of suspended sediment, dissolved nitrite plus nitrate, and dissolved atrazine. No trends were detected for any of these constituents. Trends in concentration of most constituents in surface-water samples were not calculated because of the short period of data collection at nearly all of the sites.
\nMost of the ground-water reports that were identified included both quality and quantity and flow information. None of the ground-water studies provided a detailed description of ground-water quality for the Reservation as a whole. Several reports provide varied and detailed information for ground-water models that are useful for understanding hydrogeology and ground-water flow for the Reservation and vicinity.
\nGround-water quality data from 180 wells, compiled from several data bases, provided an incomplete summary of the condition of the drinking- water resources of the Reservation. Only 12 constituents, from a small number of wells, exceeded a USEPA drinking-water limit. Most of the exceedences were for trace metals and organics. No exceedences for pesticides or nitrate were reported; however, pesticide data were collected from only a small number of wells.
\nMost of the aquatic biology studies described in this report include fish data, habitat data, or calculations of biotic index values, most of which comes from Duck Creek. Historical aquatic biology data for the Reservation and vicinity are limited. Most of the 23 studies described here were done since 1992. Most of the biota-quality data compiled for this report come from several sites on Duck Creek and represent a small number of samples.
\nResults of the community survey regarding the water resources of the Oneida Reservation indicate that water usage by Tribal members today has declined when compared to the past. The most common reason given for the decline in usage was pollution. Most of those surveyed perceived Duck Creek as being \"polluted,\" but about 50 percent thought that water quality in the Reservation was improving.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri984266","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Oneida Tribe of Indians of Wisconsin","usgsCitation":"Saad, D.A., and Schmidt, M.A., 1999, Water-resources-related information for the Oneida Reservation and vicinity, Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4266, v, 57 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984266.","productDescription":"v, 57 p.","numberOfPages":"64","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":122217,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4266/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58350,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4266/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","county":"Brown County, Outagamie County","otherGeospatial":"Duck Creek, Fish Creek, Oneida Creek, Oneida Reservation, Trout Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.30947875976562,\n 44.262904233655384\n ],\n [\n -88.30947875976562,\n 44.55133484083592\n ],\n [\n -87.91259765625,\n 44.55133484083592\n ],\n [\n -87.91259765625,\n 44.262904233655384\n ],\n [\n -88.30947875976562,\n 44.262904233655384\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4d9d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Saad, David A. dasaad@usgs.gov","contributorId":121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saad","given":"David","email":"dasaad@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":201625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmidt, Morgan A.","contributorId":64295,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"Morgan","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":30389,"text":"wri994021 - 1999 - Sources of phosphorus in stormwater and street dirt from two urban residential basins in Madison, Wisconsin, 1994-95","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-27T15:15:43","indexId":"wri994021","displayToPublicDate":"2001-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-4021","title":"Sources of phosphorus in stormwater and street dirt from two urban residential basins in Madison, Wisconsin, 1994-95","docAbstract":"Eutrophication is a common problem for lakes in agricultural and urban areas, such as Lakes Wingra and Mendota in Madison, Wisconsin. This report describes a study to estimate the sources of phosphorus, a major contributor to eutrophication, to Lakes Wingra and Mendota from two small urban residential drainage basins. The Monroe Basin empties into Lake Wingra, and the Harper Basin into Lake Mendota. Phosphorus data were collected from streets, lawns, roofs, driveways, and parking lots (source areas) within these two basins and were used to estimate loads from each area. In addition to the samples collected from these source areas, flow-composite samples were collected at monitoring stations located at the watershed outfalls (storm sewers); discharge and rainfall also were measured. Resulting data were then used to calibrate the Source Loading and Management Model (SLAMM, version 6.3, copyright 1993, Pitt & Vorhees) for conditions in the city of Madison and determine within these basins which of the source areas are contributing the most phosphorus.
\nWater volumes in the calibrated model were calculated to within 23 percent and 24 percent of those measured at the outfalls of each of the basins. These water volumes were applied to the suspended- solids and phosphorus concentrations that were used to calibrate SLAMM for suspended-solids and phosphorus loads. Suspended-solids loads were calculated to be within 4 percent and 17 percent, total-phosphorus loads within 24 percent and 28 percent, and dissolved-phosphorus loads within 9 percent and 10 percent of those measured at the storm-sewer outfall at the Monroe and Harper basins, respectively.
\nLawns and streets are the largest sources of total and dissolved phosphorus in the basins. Their combined contribution was approximately 80 percent, with lawns contributing more than the streets. Streets were the largest source of suspended solids.
\nStreet-dirt samples were collected using industrial vacuum equipment. Leaves in these samples were separated out and the remaining sediment was sieved into >250 mm, 250-63 mm, 63-25 mm, <25 mm size fractions and were analyzed for total phosphorus. Approximately 75 percent of the sediment mass resides in the >250 mm size fractions. Less than 5 percent of the mass can be found in the particle sizes less than 63 mm. The >250 mm size fraction also contributed nearly 50 percent of the total-phosphorus mass and the leaf fraction contributed an additional 30 percent. In each particle size, approximately 25 percent of the total-phosphorus mass is derived from leaves or other vegetation.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri994021","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Madison, Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources","usgsCitation":"Waschbusch, R.J., Selbig, W., and Bannerman, R.T., 1999, Sources of phosphorus in stormwater and street dirt from two urban residential basins in Madison, Wisconsin, 1994-95: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4021, iv, 47 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994021.","productDescription":"iv, 47 p.","numberOfPages":"51","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":160948,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":2511,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri994021","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":310688,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://wi.water.usgs.gov/pubs/WRIR-99-4021/WRIR-99-4021.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","county":"Dane County","city":"Madison","otherGeospatial":"Lake Mendota, Lake Menona, Lake Wingra","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.57015991210938,\n 43.038783344984836\n ],\n [\n -89.57015991210938,\n 43.174136889598124\n ],\n [\n -89.27215576171874,\n 43.174136889598124\n ],\n [\n -89.27215576171874,\n 43.038783344984836\n ],\n [\n -89.57015991210938,\n 43.038783344984836\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e6e4b07f02db5e75f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waschbusch, Robert J. 0000-0002-4069-0267 rjwaschb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4069-0267","contributorId":3447,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waschbusch","given":"Robert","email":"rjwaschb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":203168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Selbig, W.R.","contributorId":102106,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Selbig","given":"W.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bannerman, Roger T. 0000-0001-9221-2905 rbannerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9221-2905","contributorId":5560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bannerman","given":"Roger","email":"rbannerman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":203169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":25482,"text":"wri984269 - 1999 - Environmental setting of the Yellowstone River basin, Montana, North Dakota, and Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:14","indexId":"wri984269","displayToPublicDate":"2001-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4269","title":"Environmental setting of the Yellowstone River basin, Montana, North Dakota, and Wyoming","docAbstract":"Natural and anthropogenic factors influence water-quality conditions in the Yellowstone River Basin. Physiography parallels the structural geologic setting that is generally composed of several uplifts and structural basins. Contrasts in climate and vegetation reflect topographic controls and the midcontinental location of the study unit. Surface-water hydrology reflects water surpluses in mountainous areas that are dominated by snowmelt runoff, and arid to semiarid conditions in the plains that are dissected by typically irrigated valleys in the remainder of the study unit. Principal shallow aquifers are Tertiary sandstones and unconsolidated Quaternary deposits. Human population, though sparsely distributed in general, is growing most rapidly in a few urban centers and resort areas, mostly in the northwestern part of the basin. Land use is areally dominated by grazing in the basins and plains and economically dominated by mineral-extraction activities. Forests are the dominant land cover in mountainous areas. Cropland is a major land use in principal stream valleys. Water use is dominated by irrigated agriculture overall, but mining and public-supply facilities are major users of ground water. Coal and hydrocarbon production and reserves distinguish the Yellowstone River Basin as a principal energy-minerals resources region. Current metallic ore production or reserves are nationally significant for platinum-group elements and chromium.The study unit was subdivided as an initial environmental stratification for use in designing the National Water-Quality Assessment Program investigation that began in 1997. Ecoregions, geologic groups, mineral-resource areas, and general land-cover and land-use categories were used in combination to define 18 environmental settings in the Yellowstone River Basin. It is expected that these different settings will be reflected in differing water-quality or aquatic-ecological characteristics.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri984269","usgsCitation":"Zelt, R.B., Boughton, G., Miller, K.A., Mason, J.P., and Gianakos, L., 1999, Environmental setting of the Yellowstone River basin, Montana, North Dakota, and Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4269, vi, 112 p. :ill. (some col.), col. maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984269.","productDescription":"vi, 112 p. :ill. (some col.), col. maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":1851,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri984269","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":156921,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a13e4b07f02db6021de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zelt, Ronald B. 0000-0001-9024-855X rbzelt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9024-855X","contributorId":300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zelt","given":"Ronald","email":"rbzelt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":193870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boughton, G.K.","contributorId":70428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boughton","given":"G.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, K. A.","contributorId":81848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mason, J. P.","contributorId":27491,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mason","given":"J.","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gianakos, L.M.","contributorId":61859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gianakos","given":"L.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":25746,"text":"wri994162 - 1999 - Relation of arsenic, iron, and manganese in ground water to aquifer type, bedrock lithogeochemistry, and land use in the New England coastal basins","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-03T21:26:49.37968","indexId":"wri994162","displayToPublicDate":"2001-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-4162","title":"Relation of arsenic, iron, and manganese in ground water to aquifer type, bedrock lithogeochemistry, and land use in the New England coastal basins","docAbstract":"In a study of arsenic concentrations in public-supply wells in the New England Coastal Basins, concentrations at or above 0.005 mg/L (milligrams per liter) were detected in more samples of water from wells completed in bedrock (25 percent of all samples) than in water from wells completed in stratified drift (7.5 percent of all samples). Iron and manganese were detected (at concentrations of 0.05 and 0.03 mg/L, respectively) at approximately the same frequency in water from wells in both types of aquifers.
Concentrations of arsenic in public-supply wells drilled in bedrock (in the National Water-Quality Assessment Program New England Coastal Basins study unit) vary with the bedrock lithology. Broad groups of lithogeochemical units generalized from bedrock lithologic units shown on state geologic maps were used in the statistical analyses. Concentrations of arsenic in water from public-supply wells in metasedimentary bedrock units that contain slightly to moderately calcareous and calcsilicate rocks (lithogeochemical group Mc) were significantly higher than the concentrations in five other groups of bedrock units in the study unit. Arsenic was detected, at or above 0.005 mg/L, in water from 44 percent of the wells in the lithogeochemical group M c and in water from less than 28 percent of wells in the five other groups. Additionally, arsenic concentrations in ground water were the lowest in the metasedimentary rocks that are characterized as variably sulfidic (group Ms ). Generally, concentrations of arsenic were low in water from bedrock wells in the felsic igneous rocks (group If ) though locally some bedrock wells in granitic rocks are known to have ground water with high arsenic concentrations, especially in New Hampshire.
The concentrations of arsenic in ground water also correlate with land-use data; significantly higher concentrations are found in areas identified as agricultural land use than in undeveloped areas. There is, however, more agricultural land in areas overlying the metasedimentary rocks of lithogeochemical groups Mc and the minimally-deformed clastic sediments of group Mmd than in areas overlying other lithogeochemical groups. This correlation complicates the interpretation of sources of arsenic to ground water in bedrock. A test of this association revealed that relations between arsenic concentrations and the metasedimentary rocks of group Mc are not weakened when data associated with agricultural land use is removed; the reverse is true, however, if the data associated with the group Mc are removed from the analysis.
The occurrence and variability of arsenic in water from bedrock supply wells could be related to several factors. These include (1) the distribution and chemical form of arsenic in soils and rocks that are part of the ground-water-flow system, (2) the characteristics that influence the solubility and transport of arsenic in ground water, (3) the differing degrees of vulnerability of ground-water supplies to surface contamination, and (4) the spatial associations between land use, geology, and ground-water-flow patterns. Strong relations between agricultural land use and the metasedimentary rocks of group Mc complicate the interpretation of arsenic source to water in these bedrock aquifers. This is due in part to the past use of arsenical pesticides; additionally, few whole-rock geochemical data are available for the rock types in the lithogeochemical groups of aquifers that contain ground water with elevated concentrations of arsenic. Without such data, identifying specific bedrock types as arsenic sources is not possible. In southern Maine and south-central New Hampshire, and in northern Massachusetts, the few available whole-rock analyses suggest, at least for these local areas, a connection between known bedrock chemistry and ground-water arsenic levels.
Although the lithogeochemical group and land-use category variables individually describe much of the variance in the concentrations of arsenic in ground water, the lithogeochemical relation is statistically stronger than the land-use relation. Low concentrations of arsenic in water from bedrock public-supply wells are associated with the metasedimentary rocks of group Ms (characterized as variably sulfidic). This association could reflect a variety of factors and suggests that simple dissolution of arsenic-bearing iron phases, such as sulfides, may not explain concentrations of arsenic in water in this bedrock aquifer group. Whole-rock geochemical data and more complete water-chemistry data, as well as studies of historical variation of arsenic concentrations (time-line studies), and site-specific studies, will be critical in addressing the arsenic source issue.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri994162","usgsCitation":"Ayotte, J., Nielsen, M.G., Robinson, G.R., and Moore, R.B., 1999, Relation of arsenic, iron, and manganese in ground water to aquifer type, bedrock lithogeochemistry, and land use in the New England coastal basins: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4162, v, 63 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994162.","productDescription":"v, 63 p.","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":156171,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":415127,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_22932.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":1865,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri994162","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"New England coastal basins","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -69.083,\n 46\n ],\n [\n -72,\n 46\n ],\n [\n -72,\n 41.3\n ],\n [\n -69.083,\n 41.3\n ],\n [\n -69.083,\n 46\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c303","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ayotte, Joseph D. jayotte@usgs.gov","contributorId":1802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ayotte","given":"Joseph D.","email":"jayotte@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":194900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nielsen, Martha G. 0000-0003-3038-9400 mnielsen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3038-9400","contributorId":4169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nielsen","given":"Martha","email":"mnielsen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":194902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Robinson, Gilpin R. Jr. grobinso@usgs.gov","contributorId":3083,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"Gilpin","suffix":"Jr.","email":"grobinso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":194901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Moore, Richard B. rmoore@usgs.gov","contributorId":1464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Richard","email":"rmoore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":194899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":25498,"text":"wri984208 - 1999 - Evaluation of surface-water/ground-water interactions in the Santa Clara River Valley, Ventura County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:14","indexId":"wri984208","displayToPublicDate":"2001-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4208","title":"Evaluation of surface-water/ground-water interactions in the Santa Clara River Valley, Ventura County, California","docAbstract":"The interactions of surface water and ground water along the Santa Clara River in Ventura County, California, were evaluated by analyzing river-discharge and water-quality data and geohydrologic information collected by the U.S. Geological Survey between 1993 and 1995 for the Piru, Fillmore, and Santa Paula subbasins. Measurements of discharge and water quality were made at multiple locations along the Santa Clara River and its tributaries at eight different time periods during different releases from Lake Piru. Geologic, hydraulic, and water-quality data were collected from three new multiple-completion ground-water monitoring wells. These data, together with data collected as part of the U.S. Geological Survey Southern California Regional Aquifer-System Analysis (RASA) study, were analyzed in order to quantify rates and locations of ground-water recharge and discharge within the river, characterize the correlation of recharge and discharge rates with ground-water conditions and reservoir releases, and better characterize the three-dimensional ground-water flow system.\r\n Analysis of the data indicates that the largest amount of ground-water recharge from the river consistently occurs in the Piru subbasin. Some ground-water recharge from the river may occur in the upper part of the Fillmore subbasin. Increases in sulfate concentrations indicate that increases in flow at the lower ends of the Piru and Fillmore subbasins result from high-sulfate ground-water discharge. Increases in flow in the lower part of the Santa Paula subbasin are not accompanied by significant sulfate increases. Several sets of regressions indicate possible correlation between net flow changes in the river and depths to ground water and release rates from Lake Piru. These statistical relations may be of use for evaluating alternative Lake Piru release strategies.\r\n Data on the stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen from the ground-water monitoring wells that were installed as part of this investigation were used to distinguish between zones affected by recharge from the Santa Clara River and zones affected by recharge from local precipitation. Tritium data from a new multiple-completion monitoring site indicate that near the river in the upper Santa Paula subbasin, recent (post-1950) recharge water is not present at depths greater than about 350 feet below land surface. Water-level and lithologic data from the monitoring site indicate that the river and the Shallow aquifer have only limited hydraulic connection to the underlying aquifers at this location. Water-level data from the Shallow aquifer and from an in-stream drive point were used in an analytic model to estimate hydraulic properties governing stream?aquifer interactions in the upper Santa Paula subbasin. Hydraulic conductivities in all the USGS monitoring wells were estimated on the basis of slug tests.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nInformation Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri984208","usgsCitation":"Reichard, E.G., Crawford, S.M., Paybins, K.S., Martin, P., Land, M., and Nishikawa, T., 1999, Evaluation of surface-water/ground-water interactions in the Santa Clara River Valley, Ventura County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4208, v, 58 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984208.","productDescription":"v, 58 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":95533,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4208/report.pdf","size":"7530","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":157051,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4208/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac5e4b07f02db679dcf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reichard, Eric George 0000-0002-7310-3866","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7310-3866","contributorId":86807,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reichard","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"George","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Crawford, Steven M.","contributorId":80714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crawford","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Paybins, Katherine S. 0000-0002-3967-5043 kpaybins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3967-5043","contributorId":2805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paybins","given":"Katherine","email":"kpaybins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":642,"text":"West Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":193941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Martin, Peter pmmartin@usgs.gov","contributorId":799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Peter","email":"pmmartin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":193938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Land, Michael 0000-0001-5141-0307 mtland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5141-0307","contributorId":1479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Land","given":"Michael","email":"mtland@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":193939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Nishikawa, Tracy 0000-0002-7348-3838 tnish@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7348-3838","contributorId":1515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nishikawa","given":"Tracy","email":"tnish@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":193940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":25406,"text":"wri984223 - 1999 - An assessment of stream habitat and nutrients in the Elwha River basin: implications for restoration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-21T13:28:16","indexId":"wri984223","displayToPublicDate":"2001-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4223","title":"An assessment of stream habitat and nutrients in the Elwha River basin: implications for restoration","docAbstract":"The Elwha River was once famous for its 10 runs of anadromous salmon which included chinook that reportedly exceeded 45 kilograms. These runs either ceased to exist or were significantly depleted after the construction of the Elwha (1912) and Glines Canyon (1927) Dams, which resulted in the blockage of more than 113 kilometers of mainstem river and tributary habitat. In 1992, in response to the loss of the salmon runs in the Elwha River Basin, President George Bush signed the Elwha River Ecosystem and Fisheries Restoration Act, which authorizes the Secretary of the Interior to remove both dams for ecosystem restoration. The objective of this U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) study was to begin describing baseline conditions for assessing changes that will result from restoration. The first step was to review available physical, chemical, and biological information on the Elwha River Basin. We found that most studies have focused on anadromous fish and habitat and that little information is available on water quality, habitat classification, geomorphic processes, and riparian and aquatic biological communities. There is also a lack of sufficient data on baseline conditions for assessing future changes if restoration occurs. The second component of this study was to collect water-quality and habitat data, filling information gaps. This information will permit a better understanding of the relation between physical habitat and nutrient conditions and changes that may result from salmon restoration. We collected data in the fall of 1997 and found that the concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorous were generally low, with most samples having concentrations below detection limits. Detectable concentrations of nitrogen were associated with sites in the lower reach of the Elwha River, whereas the few detections of phosphorus were at sites throughout the basin. Nutrient data indicate that the Elwha River and its tributaries are oligotrophic. Results of the stream classification indicated that most of the habitat that would be usable by salmon is found in the mainstem of the Elwha River due to natural gradient barriers at the lower end of most tributaries. Habitat is diverse in the mainstem due to large woody debris accumulations and the existence of secondary channels.
We concluded that restoring salmon runs to the Elwha River system will affect the ecosystem profoundly. Decaying carcasses of migrating salmon will be the source of large quantities of nutrients to the Elwha River. The complex instream habitat of the mainstem will enhance cycling of these nutrients because carcasses will be retained long enough to be assimilated thereby increasing primary and secondary production, size of immature salmonids, and overall higher salmon recruitment.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri984223","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Lower Elwha Tribe and National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Munn, M.D., Black, R.W., Haggland, A., Hummling, M., and Huffman, R., 1999, An assessment of stream habitat and nutrients in the Elwha River basin: implications for restoration: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4223, v, 37, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984223.","productDescription":"v, 37","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":157708,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4223/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":95526,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4223/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6.12 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Elwha River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.77,\n 47.7\n ],\n [\n -123.37,\n 47.7\n ],\n [\n -123.37,\n 48.17\n ],\n [\n -123.77,\n 48.17\n ],\n [\n -123.77,\n 47.7\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad9e4b07f02db684d5f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Munn, Mark D. 0000-0002-7154-7252 mdmunn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7154-7252","contributorId":976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Munn","given":"Mark","email":"mdmunn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":193551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Black, R. W.","contributorId":81943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Black","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haggland, A.L.","contributorId":17273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haggland","given":"A.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hummling, M.A.","contributorId":45747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hummling","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Huffman, R.L.","contributorId":44956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huffman","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":25481,"text":"wri984268 - 1999 - Environmental setting of the upper Illinois River basin and implications for water quality","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-09-20T09:41:08","indexId":"wri984268","displayToPublicDate":"2001-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4268","displayTitle":"Environmental Setting of the Upper Illinois River Basin and Implications for Water Quality","title":"Environmental setting of the upper Illinois River basin and implications for water quality","docAbstract":"The upper Illinois River Basin (UIRB) is the 10,949 square mile drainage area upstream from Ottawa, Illinois, on the Illinois River. The UIRB is one of 13 studies that began in 1996 as part of the U.S. Geological Survey's National Water-Quality Assessment program. A compilation of environmental data from Federal, State, and local agencies provides a description of the environmental setting of the UIRB. Environmental data include natural factors such as bedrock geology, physiography and surficial geology, soils, vegetation, climate, and ecoregions; and human factors such as land use, urbanization trends, and population change. Characterization of the environmental setting is useful for understanding the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of surface and ground water in the UIRB and the possible implications of that environmental setting for water quality. Some of the possible implications identified include depletion of dissolved oxygen because of high concentrations of organic matter in wastewater, increased flooding because of suburbanization, elevated arsenic concentrations in ground water because of weathering of shale bedrock, and decreasing ground-water levels because of heavy pumping of water from the bedrock aquifers.
","language":"English","publisher":" U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri984268","collaboration":"National Water-Quality Assessment Program","usgsCitation":"Arnold, T., Sullivan, D.J., Harris, M.A., Fitzpatrick, F.A., Scudder, B.C., Ruhl, P.M., Hanchar, D.W., and Stewart, J.S., 1999, Environmental setting of the upper Illinois River basin and implications for water quality: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4268, vii, 67 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984268.","productDescription":"vii, 67 p.","costCenters":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":157129,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4268/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":1850,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4268/wrir98_4268.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.01 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRI 98–4268"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois, Indiana, Wisconsin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89,\n 40.25\n ],\n [\n -85.75,\n 40.25\n ],\n [\n -85.75,\n 43.25\n ],\n [\n -89,\n 43.25\n ],\n [\n -89,\n 40.25\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Central Midwest Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
405 North Goodwin
Urbana, IL 61801
Water-surface-profile elevations for the 2-, 20-, 25-, 50-, and 100-year floods were computed for the Mendenhall River near Juneau, Alaska, using the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Hydrologic Engineering Center River Analysis System model. The peak discharges for the selected recurrence intervals were determined using the standard log-Pearson type III method. Channel cross sections were surveyed at 60 locations to define hydraulic characteristics over a 5.5-mile reach of river beginning at Mendenhall Lake outlet and extending to the river mouth. A peak flow of 12,400 cubic feet per second occurred on the Mendenhall River on October 20, 1998. This discharge is equivalent to about a 10-year flood on the Mendenhall River and floodmarks produced by this flood were surveyed and used to calibrate the model. The study area is currently experiencing land-surface uplift rates of about 0.05 foot per year. This high rate of uplift has the potential to cause incision or downcutting of the river channel through lowering of the base level. Vertical datum used in the study area was established about 37 years before the most recent surveys of river-channel geometry. The resulting difference between land-surface elevations and sea level continues to increase. Continuing incision of the river channel combined with increased land-surface elevations with respect to sea level may result in computed flood profiles that are higher than actual existing conditions in the tidally influenced reach of the river.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Anchorage, AK","doi":"10.3133/wri994150","collaboration":"Alaska Department of Fish and Game, City and Borough of Juneau","usgsCitation":"Neal, E., and Host, R.H., 1999, Hydrology, geomorphology, and flood profiles of the Mendenhall River, Juneau, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4150, 35 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.; 11 illus.; 2 tables, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994150.","productDescription":"35 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.; 11 illus.; 2 tables","startPage":"1","endPage":"35","numberOfPages":"41","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":158952,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":326806,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4150/1999_wrir99-4150.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRIR 99-4150"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -134.747314453125,\n 59.2377959767454\n ],\n [\n -137.48840332031247,\n 58.430481925680034\n ],\n [\n -135.8953857421875,\n 57.15709923882379\n ],\n [\n -135.90087890625,\n 56.891003302784604\n ],\n [\n -134.615478515625,\n 56.108810038002154\n ],\n [\n -132.8851318359375,\n 56.935984453472\n ],\n [\n -133.7091064453125,\n 58.38731772556939\n ],\n [\n -134.38476562499997,\n 58.77104825721716\n ],\n [\n -134.747314453125,\n 59.2377959767454\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67ca22","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Neal, Edward G.","contributorId":68775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neal","given":"Edward G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Host, Randy H.","contributorId":53778,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Host","given":"Randy","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":28986,"text":"wri994145 - 1999 - Strontium distribution coefficients of basalt and sediment infill samples from the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:48","indexId":"wri994145","displayToPublicDate":"2001-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-4145","title":"Strontium distribution coefficients of basalt and sediment infill samples from the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, Idaho","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nInformation Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri994145","usgsCitation":"Pace, M.N., Rosentreter, J.J., and Bartholomay, R.C., 1999, Strontium distribution coefficients of basalt and sediment infill samples from the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4145, iv, 56 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994145.","productDescription":"iv, 56 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":95739,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4145/report.pdf","size":"3667","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":159392,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4145/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4b14","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pace, Mary N.","contributorId":101706,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pace","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rosentreter, Jeffrey J.","contributorId":106161,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosentreter","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bartholomay, Roy C. 0000-0002-4809-9287 rcbarth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4809-9287","contributorId":1131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartholomay","given":"Roy","email":"rcbarth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":200736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":28623,"text":"wri994158 - 1999 - Occurrence of dissolved solids, nutrients, pesticides, and fecal coliform bacteria during low flow in the Marion Lake watershed, central Kansas, 1998","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:47","indexId":"wri994158","displayToPublicDate":"2001-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-4158","title":"Occurrence of dissolved solids, nutrients, pesticides, and fecal coliform bacteria during low flow in the Marion Lake watershed, central Kansas, 1998","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nInformation Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri994158","usgsCitation":"Mau, D.P., and Pope, L.M., 1999, Occurrence of dissolved solids, nutrients, pesticides, and fecal coliform bacteria during low flow in the Marion Lake watershed, central Kansas, 1998: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4158, iv, 22 p. :col. maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994158.","productDescription":"iv, 22 p. :col. maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":95720,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4158/report.pdf","size":"5738","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":159127,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4158/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4af6e4b07f02db692dba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mau, David P. dpmau@usgs.gov","contributorId":457,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mau","given":"David","email":"dpmau@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":200133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pope, Larry M.","contributorId":93455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pope","given":"Larry","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}