Relations of water quality to streamflow were determined for 18 water-quality constituents at 21 surface-water stations within the drainage area of the Raritan River Basin for water years 1976-93. Surface-water-quality and streamflow data were evaluated for trends (through time) in constituent concentrations during high and low flows, and relations between constituent concentration and streamflow, and between constituent load and streamflow, were determined. Median concentrations were calculated for the entire period of study (water years 1976-93) and for the last 5 years of the period of study (water years 1989-93) to determine whether any large variation in concentration exists between the two periods. Medians also were used to determine the seasonal Kendall’s tau statistic, which was then used to evaluate trends in concentrations during high and low flows.
Trends in constituent concentrations during high and low flows were evaluated to determine whether the distribution of the observations changes through time for intermittent (nonpoint storm runoff) or constant (point sources and ground water) sources, respectively. Highand low-flow trends in concentrations were determined for some constituents at 13 of the 21 water-quality stations; 8 stations have insufficient data to determine trends. Seasonal effects on the relations of concentration to streamflow are evident for 16 of the 18 constituents. Negative slopes of relations of concentration to streamflow, which indicate a decrease in concentration at high flows, predominate over positive slopes because of the dilution of instream concentrations by storm runoff.
The slopes of the regression lines of load to streamflow were determined in order to show the relative contributions to the instream load from constant (point sources and ground water) and intermittent sources (storm runoff). Greater slope values indicate larger contributions from storm runoff to instream load, which most likely indicate an increased relative importance of nonpoint sources. The slopes of load-to-streamflow relations along a stream reach that tend to increase in a downstream direction indicate the increased relative importance of contributions from storm runoff. The slopes of load-to-streamflow relations increase in the downstream direction for alkalinity at North Branch Raritan and Millstone Rivers, for some or all of the nutrient species at South Branch and North Branch Raritan Rivers, for hardness at South Branch Raritan River, for dissolved solids at North Branch Raritan River, for dissolved sodium at Lamington River, and for suspended sediment and dissolved oxygen at Millstone River. Likewise, the slopes of load-tostreamflow relations along a stream reach that tend to decrease in a downstream direction indicate the increased relative importance of point sources and ground-water discharge. The slopes of load-to-streamflow relations decrease in the downstream direction for dissolved solids at Raritan and Millstone Rivers; for dissolved sodium, dissolved chloride, total ammonia plus organic nitrogen, and total ammonia at South Branch Raritan, Raritan, and Millstone Rivers; for dissolved oxygen at North Branch Raritan and Lamington Rivers; for total nitrite at Lamington, Raritan, and Millstone Rivers; for total boron at South Branch Raritan and Millstone Rivers; for total organic carbon at North Branch Raritan River; for suspended sediment and total nitrogen at Raritan River; and for hardness, total phosphorus, and total lead at Millstone River.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri994045","usgsCitation":"Buxton, D.E., Hunchak-Kariouk, K., and Hickman, R.E., 1999, Relations of surface-water quality to streamflow in the Raritan River basin, New Jersey, water years 1976-93: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4045, Report: ix, 101 p.; Appendix, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994045.","productDescription":"Report: ix, 101 p.; Appendix","numberOfPages":"111","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":55274,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4045/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":157837,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4045/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":328520,"rank":301,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4045/appendix.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","otherGeospatial":"Raritan River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.0640869140625,\n 40.22921818870117\n ],\n [\n -75.0640869140625,\n 41.000629848685385\n ],\n [\n -74.256591796875,\n 41.000629848685385\n ],\n [\n -74.256591796875,\n 40.22921818870117\n ],\n [\n -75.0640869140625,\n 40.22921818870117\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67c172","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Buxton, Debra E. dbuxton@usgs.gov","contributorId":4777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buxton","given":"Debra","email":"dbuxton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":196416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hunchak-Kariouk, Kathryn","contributorId":41448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunchak-Kariouk","given":"Kathryn","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hickman, R. Edward 0000-0001-5160-3723 whickman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5160-3723","contributorId":3153,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hickman","given":"R.","email":"whickman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Edward","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":196414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":26453,"text":"wri994016 - 1999 - Relations of surface-water quality to streamflow in the Wallkill and upper Delaware River basins, New Jersey and vicinity, water years 1976-93","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-16T21:10:49.846895","indexId":"wri994016","displayToPublicDate":"2000-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-4016","title":"Relations of surface-water quality to streamflow in the Wallkill and upper Delaware River basins, New Jersey and vicinity, water years 1976-93","docAbstract":"Relations of water quality to streamflow were determined for 18 water-quality constituents at 18 surface-water stations within the drainage basins of the Wallkill and upper Delaware Rivers in New Jersey and vicinity for water years 1976-93. Surface-water-quality and streamflow data were evaluated for trends (through time) in constituent concentrations during high and low flows, and relations between constituent concentration and streamflow, and between constituent load and streamflow, were determined. Median concentrations were calculated for the entire period of study (water years 1976-93) and for the last 5 years of the period of study (water years 1989-93) to determine whether any large variation in concentration exists between the two periods. Medians also were used to determine the seasonal Kendall’s tau statistic, which was then used to evaluate trends in concentrations during high and low flows.
Trends in constituent concentrations during high and low flows were evaluated to determine whether the distribution of the observations changes through time for intermittent (nonpoint storm runoff) or constant (point sources and ground water) sources, respectively. Highand low-flow trends in concentrations were determined for some constituents at 15 of the 18 water-quality stations; 3 stations have insufficient data to determine trends. Seasonal effects on the relations of concentration to streamflow are evident for 16 of the 18 constituents. Negative slopes of relations of concentration to streamflow, which indicate a decrease in concentration at high flows, predominate over positive slopes because of the dilution of instream concentrations by storm runoff.
The slopes of the regression lines of load to streamflow were determined in order to show the relative contributions to the instream load from constant (point sources and ground water) and intermittent (storm runoff) sources. Greater slope values indicate larger contributions from storm runoff to instream load, which most likely indicate an increased relative importance of nonpoint sources. The slopes of load-to-streamflow relations along a stream reach that tend to increase in a downstream direction indicate the increased relative importance of contributions from storm runoff. The slopes of load-to-streamflow relations for several nutrients and dissolved ions increase in the downstream direction at the Wallkill River, Paulins Kill, and Musconetcong River. Likewise, the slopes of load-to-streamflow relations along a stream reach that tend to decrease in a downstream direction indicate the increased relative importance of point sources and groundwater discharge. The slopes of load-to-streamflow relations for several dissolved ions decrease in the downstream direction at the Delaware River.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"West Trenton, NJ","doi":"10.3133/wri994016","usgsCitation":"Buxton, D.E., Hunchak-Kariouk, K., and Hickman, R.E., 1999, Relations of surface-water quality to streamflow in the Wallkill and upper Delaware River basins, New Jersey and vicinity, water years 1976-93: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4016, Report: ix, 98 p.; Appendix, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994016.","productDescription":"Report: ix, 98 p.; Appendix","numberOfPages":"108","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":157838,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":406887,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_19321.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":328519,"rank":102,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4016/appendix.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":328518,"rank":101,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/wri99-4016/pdf/wrir99-4016.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":19265,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/wri99-4016/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","otherGeospatial":"Wallkill River basin, Upper Delaware RIver basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.77844238281249,\n 40.21873275657034\n ],\n [\n -75.06134033203125,\n 40.419769381446194\n ],\n [\n -75.1904296875,\n 40.57224011776902\n ],\n [\n -75.18218994140625,\n 40.77638178482896\n ],\n [\n -75.05035400390625,\n 40.88029480552824\n ],\n [\n -75.14923095703125,\n 40.979898069620155\n ],\n [\n -74.92950439453125,\n 41.15384235711447\n ],\n [\n -74.849853515625,\n 41.27367811566259\n ],\n [\n -74.78668212890625,\n 41.32938883149375\n ],\n [\n -74.68505859374999,\n 41.35825713137813\n ],\n [\n -74.3280029296875,\n 41.19105625669688\n ],\n [\n -74.77844238281249,\n 40.21873275657034\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a5fe4b07f02db6348be","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Buxton, Debra E. dbuxton@usgs.gov","contributorId":4777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buxton","given":"Debra","email":"dbuxton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":196419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hunchak-Kariouk, Kathryn","contributorId":41448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunchak-Kariouk","given":"Kathryn","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hickman, R. Edward 0000-0001-5160-3723 whickman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5160-3723","contributorId":3153,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hickman","given":"R.","email":"whickman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Edward","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":196417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":27623,"text":"wri994040A - 1999 - Simulations of the effects of U.S. Highway 231 and the proposed Montgomery outer loop on flooding in the Catoma Creek and Little Catoma Creek Basins near Montgomery, Alabama","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:42","indexId":"wri994040A","displayToPublicDate":"2000-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-4040","chapter":"A","title":"Simulations of the effects of U.S. Highway 231 and the proposed Montgomery outer loop on flooding in the Catoma Creek and Little Catoma Creek Basins near Montgomery, Alabama","docAbstract":"A two-dimensional finite-element surface-water model was used to study the effects of U.S. Highway 231 and the proposed Montgomery Outer Loop on the water-surface elevations and flow distributions during flooding in the Catoma Creek and Little Catoma Creek Basins southeast of Montgomery, Montgomery County, Alabama. The effects of flooding were simulated for two scenarios--existing and proposed conditions--for the 100- and 500-year recurrence intervals. The first scenario was to model the existing bridge and highway configuration for U.S. Highway 231 and the existing ponds that lie just upstream from this crossing. The second scenario was to model the proposed bridge and highway configuration for the Montgomery Outer Loop and the Montgomery Loop Interchange at U.S. Highway 231 as well as the proposed modifications to the ponds upstream.\r\nSimulation of floodflow for Little Catoma Creek for the existing conditions at U.S. Highway 231 indicates that, for the 100-year flood, 54 percent of the flow (8,140 cubic feet per second) was conveyed by the northernmost bridge, 21 percent (3,130 cubic feet per second) by the middle bridge, and 25 percent (3,780 cubic feet per second) by the southernmost bridge. No overtopping of U.S. Highway 231 occurred. However, the levees of the catfish ponds immediately upstream from the crossing were completely overtopped. The average water- surface elevations for the 100-year flood at the upstream limits of the study reach for Catoma Creek and Little Catoma Creek were 216.9 and 218.3 feet, respectively. For the 500-year flood, the simulatin indicates that 51 percent of the flow (11,200 cubic feet per second) was conveyed by the northernmost bridge, 25 percent (5,480 cubic feet per second) by the middle bridge, and 24 percent (5,120 cubic feet per second) by the southernmost bridge. The average water0surface elevations for the 500-year flood at the upstream limits of the study reach for Catoma Creek and Little Catoma Creek were 218.2 and 219.5 feet, respectively. For the 500-year flood, no overtopping of U.S. Highway 231 occurred.\r\nSimulation of the 100-year floodflow for Little Catoma Creek for the proposed conditions indicates that, for the existing bridges on U.S. Highway 231, 54 percent of the flow (8,190 cubic feet per second) was conveyed by the northernmost bridge, 22 percent (3,350 cubic feet per second) by the middle bridge, and 24 percent (3,490 cubic feet per second) by the southernmost bridge. The two proposed relief bridges on the Montgomery Outer Loop upstream from the proposed remaining catfish ponds conveyed about 7,750 cubic feet per second (3,400 cubic feet per second for the west relief bridge and 4,350 cubic feet per second for the east relief bridge) with an average depth of flow of about 7 feet. The average water-surface elevation at the upstream limit of the study reach for Little Catoma Creek was 218.8 feet, which is about 0.5 foot higher than the average water-surface elevation for the existing conditions. For the 100-year flood, there was no overtopping of either U.S. Highway 231 or the Montgomery Outer Loop. However, the levees of the proposed remaining catfish ponds were completely overtopped. For the Montgomery Outer Loop crossing of Catoma Creek, simulation of the 100-year floodflow indicates that about 58 percent of the flow (14,100 cubic feet per second) was conveyed by the proposed main channel bridge and 42 percent (10,200 cubic feet per second) by the proposed relief bridge. The average water-surface elevation at the upstream limit of the study reach for Catoma Creek was 216.9 feet, which is the same as the water-surface elevation for the existing conditions.\r\nResults of model simulations for the 500-year flood for the proposed conditions indicate that there was no overtopping on either U.S. Highway 231 or the Montgomery Outer Loop. For the existing bridges on U.S. Highway 231, 42 percent of the flow (11,300 cubic feet per second) was conveyed by the northernmost bridge","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nInformation Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri994040A","usgsCitation":"Hedgecock, T.S., 1999, Simulations of the effects of U.S. Highway 231 and the proposed Montgomery outer loop on flooding in the Catoma Creek and Little Catoma Creek Basins near Montgomery, Alabama: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4040, iv, 24 p. :col. maps; 28 cm.; 18 illus.; 4 tables, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994040A.","productDescription":"iv, 24 p. :col. maps; 28 cm.; 18 illus.; 4 tables","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":95657,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4040a/report.pdf","size":"9189","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":158999,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4040a/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48d3e4b07f02db548dba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hedgecock, T. Scott","contributorId":20783,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hedgecock","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"Scott","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":27652,"text":"wri984036 - 1999 - Water resources of the Batavia Kill basin at Windham, Greene County, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-23T16:25:39","indexId":"wri984036","displayToPublicDate":"2000-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4036","title":"Water resources of the Batavia Kill basin at Windham, Greene County, New York","docAbstract":"The water resources of a 27.6-square-mile section of the Batavia Kill Basin near the village of Windham, N.Y., which has undergone substantial development, were evaluated. The evaluation entailed (1) estimation of the magnitude and distribution of several hydrologic components, including recharge, (2) measurement of discharge and chemical quality of the Batavia Kill and selected tributaries, (3) analysis of ground-water flow and chemistry, and (4) a conceptualization of the ground-water flow system.
The region consists of deeply dissected, relatively flat-lying, clastic sedimentary sequences variably overlain by as much as 120 feet of glacial deposits. The types of bedrock fractures and their distribution in the Batavia Kill valley are consistent with valley stress-relief characteristics. Till predominates in the uplands, and stratified drift typically dominates within the valley of the Batavia Kill and the lower section of its largest tributary valley (Mitchell Hollow).
Fractured bedrock is the most commonly used water source within the study area. The areas of highest yielding bedrock generally are with valleys, where the shallow fractures are saturated. Stratified-drift aquifers are also limited to the largest valleys; the greatest saturated thicknesses are in the Batavia Kill valley at Windham. A conceptual model of ground-water flow within the study areas suggests that the zones of most active flow are shallow fractured bedrock in upland areas and the shallow stratified drift in the largest valleys.
The hydrogeologic system has been altered by development; major effects include (1) chemical alteration of natural ground-water and surface-water quality by point- and nonpoint-source contaminants, (2) hydraulic interconnection of other-wise isolated bedrock fractures by wellbores, and (3) drawdowns in wells within the Batavia Kill valley by pumping from the bedrock aquifer. Water resource development of the most promising unconsolidated aquifer beneath Windham may be precluded by the potential for contamination by leachate from an abandoned landfill, road-salt stockpiles, and domestic septic systems in the area.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri984036","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New York City Department of Environmental Protection","usgsCitation":"Heisig, P.M., 1999, Water resources of the Batavia Kill basin at Windham, Greene County, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4036, Report: vii, 96 p.; Plate: 11.0 x 8.5 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984036.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 96 p.; Plate: 11.0 x 8.5 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":158533,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4036/coverthb.jpg","size":" ","description":"WRI 1998-4036"},{"id":325327,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4036/wri19984036_plate1.pdf","text":"Plate 1","size":"1.60 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRI 1998-4036"},{"id":2204,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4036/wri19984036.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.82 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRI 1998-4036"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","county":"Greene County","contact":"Director, New York Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
425 Jordan Rd
Troy, NY 12180
(518) 285-5695
http://ny.water.usgs.gov/
In this study, data characteristics for composited, multitemporal Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer data sets for Alaska were assessed for a 7- year period from 1991 to 1997. This involved consideration of the satellite sensors used, data processing performed, and data set compilation, along with an analysis of acquisition date, solar zenith angle, satellite viewing angle, presence of clouds, and registration accuracy for each year. Each year?s worth of data are available on CD-ROM in byte format. All data sets have an initial start date of April 1, but had varying ending dates (mid-September to late October) because of satellite sensor malfunction or the presence of clouds or snow; no data set extended beyond October 31. Satellite scan angles were summarized in seven categories: data obtained at nadir, data within 30, 40, and 55 degrees of nadir, data greater than 55 degrees off nadir, and proportions of the data representing east or west look angles. Minimum, maximum, and average solar zenith angles were provided for each period. Estimates of cloud cover for each period were based on three tests: reflectance gross cloud test, channel 3 minus channel 4, and channel 4 minus channel 5. Registration accuracy was estimated using a gray-level autocorrelation technique. Results of this investigation indicate that the composited data available on CD-ROM should be useful for a number of different regional assessments of Earth cover properties. However, caution is advised when using these data because (1) loss in precision from the conversion to a byte format, (2) low sun angles and high viewing angles in the September and October data, and (3) registration inaccuracies of 2 to 8 pixels.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Anchorage, AK","doi":"10.3133/ofr99401","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Markon, C., 1999, Characteristics of the Alaskan 1-Km Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer data sets used for analysis of vegetation biophysical properties: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-401, iii, 86 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99401.","productDescription":"iii, 86 p.","numberOfPages":"90","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":53018,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0401/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":156888,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0401/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4f1c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Markon, Carl J.","contributorId":80305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markon","given":"Carl J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":29356,"text":"wri994006 - 1999 - Streamflow measurements, basin characteristics, and streamflow statistics for low-flow partial-record stations operated in Massachusetts from 1989 through 1996","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:49","indexId":"wri994006","displayToPublicDate":"2000-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-4006","title":"Streamflow measurements, basin characteristics, and streamflow statistics for low-flow partial-record stations operated in Massachusetts from 1989 through 1996","docAbstract":"A network of 148 low-flow partial-record stations was operated on streams in Massachusetts during the summers of 1989 through 1996. Streamflow measurements (including historical measurements), measured basin characteristics, and estimated streamflow statistics are provided in the report for each low-flow partial-record station. Also included for each station are location information, streamflow-gaging stations for which flows were correlated to those at the low-flowpartial-record station, years of operation, and remarks indicating human influences of stream-flowsat the station. Three or four streamflow measurements were made each year for three years during times of low flow to obtain nine or ten measurements for each station. Measured flows at the low-flow partial-record stations were correlated with same-day mean flows at a nearby gaging station to estimate streamflow statistics for the low-flow partial-record stations. The estimated streamflow statistics include the 99-, 98-, 97-, 95-, 93-, 90-, 85-, 80-, 75-, 70-, 65-, 60-, 55-, and 50-percent duration flows; the 7-day, 10- and 2-year low flows; and the August median flow. Characteristics of the drainage basins for the stations that theoretically relate to the response of the station to climatic variations were measured from digital map data by use of an automated geographic information system procedure. Basin characteristics measured include drainage area; total stream length; mean basin slope; area of surficial stratified drift; area of wetlands; area of water bodies; and mean, maximum, and minimum basin elevation.Station descriptions and calculated streamflow statistics are also included in the report for the 50 continuous gaging stations used in correlations with the low-flow partial-record stations.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nInformation Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri994006","usgsCitation":"Ries, K., 1999, Streamflow measurements, basin characteristics, and streamflow statistics for low-flow partial-record stations operated in Massachusetts from 1989 through 1996: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4006, iv, 162 p. :map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994006.","productDescription":"iv, 162 p. :map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":2296,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri994006","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":125176,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri_99_4006.gif"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a5fe4b07f02db6349b0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ries, Kernell G. III kries@usgs.gov","contributorId":1913,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ries","given":"Kernell G.","suffix":"III","email":"kries@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":201399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":25505,"text":"wri994020 - 1999 - Factors controlling elevated lead concentrations in water samples from aquifer systems in Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-27T06:26:12","indexId":"wri994020","displayToPublicDate":"2000-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-4020","title":"Factors controlling elevated lead concentrations in water samples from aquifer systems in Florida","docAbstract":"Concentrations of total lead (Pb) and dissolved Pb exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency action level of 15 micrograms per liter (mg/L) in approximately 19 percent and 1.3 percent, respectively, of ground-water samples collected during 1991-96 from a statewide network of monitoring wells designed to delineate background water quality of Florida's major aquifer systems. Differences in total Pb concentrations among aquifer systems reflect the combined influence of anthropogenic sources and chemical conditions in each system. A highly significant (p<0.001) difference in median total Pb concentrations was found for water samples from wells with water-level recording devices that contain Pb-counterweights (14 mg/L) compared to non-recorder wells (2 mg/L). Differences between total Pb concentrations for recorder and non-recorder wells are even more pronounced when compared for each aquifer system. The largest differences for recorder status are found for the surficial aquifer system, where median total Pb concentrations are 44 and 2.4 mg/L for recorder wells and non-recorder wells, respectively. Leaching of Pb from metal casing materials is another potential source of Pb in ground water samples. Median total Pb concentrations in water samples from the surficial, intermediate, and Floridan aquifer systems are higher from recorder wells cased with black iron than for recorder wells with steel and PVC casing material. Stable isotopes of Pb were used in this study to distinguish between anthropogenic and natural sources of Pb in ground water, as Pb retains the isotopic signature of the source from which it is derived. Based on similarities between slopes and intercepts of trend lines for various sample types (plots of 206Pb/204Pb versus 208Pb/204Pb and 207Pb/204Pb versus 208Pb/204Pb) the predominant source of total Pb in water samples from the surficial aquifer system is corrosion of Pb counterweights. It is likely that only ground-water samples, not the aquifer, were contaminated with elevated Pb concentations. Pb-isotopic ratios of water from the Floridan aquifer system plot between trend lines connecting the isotopic composition of Pb counterweights and the composition of acid leachates of material from the Floridan aquifer system, indicating that Pb in these waters most likely is a mixture of Pb derived from aquifer material and corrosion of Pb counterweights. ","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri994020","usgsCitation":"Katz, B., Bullen, M., Bullen, T., and Hansard, P., 1999, Factors controlling elevated lead concentrations in water samples from aquifer systems in Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4020, iv, 22 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994020.","productDescription":"iv, 22 p. 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G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bullen, M.P.","contributorId":21188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bullen","given":"M.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bullen, T.D.","contributorId":79911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bullen","given":"T.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hansard, Paul","contributorId":13271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansard","given":"Paul","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":32329,"text":"ofr99593 - 1999 - National assessment of coastal vulnerability to sea-level rise: Preliminary results for the U.S. Atlantic Coast","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-09T17:26:07.908885","indexId":"ofr99593","displayToPublicDate":"2000-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-593","title":"National assessment of coastal vulnerability to sea-level rise: Preliminary results for the U.S. Atlantic Coast","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr99593","usgsCitation":"Thieler, E.R., and Hammar-Klose, E.S., 1999, National assessment of coastal vulnerability to sea-level rise: Preliminary results for the U.S. Atlantic Coast: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-593, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99593.","productDescription":"HTML Document","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":161087,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":391766,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25677.htm"},{"id":3322,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/openfile/of99-593","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Atlantic Coast","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.5,\n 25\n ],\n [\n -66.933,\n 25\n ],\n [\n -66.933,\n 45.167\n ],\n [\n -81.5,\n 45.167\n ],\n [\n -81.5,\n 25\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b01e4b07f02db698484","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thieler, E. Robert 0000-0003-4311-9717 rthieler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4311-9717","contributorId":2488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thieler","given":"E.","email":"rthieler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Robert","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":208278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hammar-Klose, Erika S.","contributorId":77137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hammar-Klose","given":"Erika","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":208279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":32328,"text":"ofr99548 - 1999 - Digital Map of Surficial Geology, Wetlands, and Deepwater Habitats, Coeur d'Alene River Valley, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:09","indexId":"ofr99548","displayToPublicDate":"2000-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-548","title":"Digital Map of Surficial Geology, Wetlands, and Deepwater Habitats, Coeur d'Alene River Valley, Idaho","docAbstract":"The Coeur d'Alene (CdA) River channel and its floodplain in north Idaho are mostly covered by metal-enriched sediments, partially derived from upstream mining, milling and smelting wastes. Relative to uncontaminated sediments of the region, metal-enriched sediments are highly enriched in silver, lead, zinc, arsenic, antimony and mercury, copper, cadmium, manganese, and iron. Widespread distribution of metal-enriched sediments has resulted from over a century of mining in the CdA mining district (upstream), poor mine-waste containment practices during the first 80 years of mining, and an ongoing series of over-bank floods. Previously deposited metal-enriched sediments continue to be eroded and transported down-valley and onto the floodplain during floods.\r\n\r\nThe centerpiece of this report is a Digital Map Surficial Geology, Wetlands and Deepwater Habitats of the Coeur d'Alene (CdA) River valley (sheets 1 and 2). The map covers the river, its floodplain, and adjacent hills, from the confluence of the North and South Forks of the CdA River to its mouth and delta front on CdA Lake, 43 linear km (26 mi) to the southwest (river distance 58 km or 36 mi). Also included are the following derivative theme maps: 1. Wetland System Map; 2. Wetland Class Map; 3. Wetland Subclass Map; 4. Floodplain Map; 5. Water Regime Map; 6. Sediment-Type Map; 7. Redox Map; 8. pH Map; and 9. Agricultural Land Map.\r\n\r\nThe CdA River is braided and has a cobble-gravel bottom from the confluence to Cataldo Flats, 8 linear km (5 mi) down-valley. Erosional remnants of up to four alluvial terraces are present locally, and all are within the floodplain, as defined by the area flooded in February of 1996. High-water (overflow) channels and partly filled channel scars braid across some alluvial terraces, toward down-valley marshes and (or) oxbow ponds, which drain back to the river.\r\n\r\nNear Cataldo Flats, the river gradient flattens, and the river coalesces into a single channel with a large friction-dominated central sand bar at Cataldo Landing. Metal-enriched sediments that were dredged from the central sand bar were deposited on Cataldo Flats, to form extensive dredge-spoil deposits. From the central sand bar to CdA Lake, thick deposits of metal-enriched sand partially fill the middle of the pre-mining-era channel along straight reaches, and form point-bars along the inside margins of meander bends. Metal-enriched sand and silt form oxidized bank-wedge deposits along riverside margins of pre-mining-era levees of gray silty mud. Metal-enriched levee sand deposits extend across bank wedges and natural levees, generally thinning and fining away from the river, toward lateral marshes and lakes, where dark gray metal-enriched silt and mud overlie silty peat, deposited before the mining era. Distributary streams and man-made canals locally diverge from the river, connecting it to lateral marshes and lakes, and metal-enriched sand splays locally fan out across the floodplain. At the mouth of the river, a bouyancy-dominated river-mouth bar crests beyond the ends of the emergent levees. Thick delta-front deposits of metal-enriched sand slope from the river-mouth bar to the bottom of CdA Lake.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr99548","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Coeur d'Alene Tribe","usgsCitation":"Bookstrom, A.A., Box, S.E., Jackson, B.L., Brandt, T.R., Derkey, P., and Munts, S.R., 1999, Digital Map of Surficial Geology, Wetlands, and Deepwater Habitats, Coeur d'Alene River Valley, Idaho (Online Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-548, Report: 121 p.; 11 Plates; Data Files; Metadata, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99548.","productDescription":"Report: 121 p.; 11 Plates; Data Files; Metadata","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"1999-01-01","temporalEnd":"1999-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":658,"text":"Western Mineral Resources","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":110071,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25863.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"25863"},{"id":161086,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10781,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/of99-548/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -116.86749999999999,47.3675 ], [ -116.86749999999999,47.6175 ], [ -116.25,47.6175 ], [ -116.25,47.3675 ], [ -116.86749999999999,47.3675 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Online Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b45e8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bookstrom, Arthur A. 0000-0003-1336-3364 abookstrom@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1336-3364","contributorId":1542,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bookstrom","given":"Arthur","email":"abookstrom@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5056,"text":"Office of the AD Energy and Minerals, and Environmental Health","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":208273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Box, Stephen E. 0000-0002-5268-8375 sbox@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5268-8375","contributorId":1843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Box","given":"Stephen","email":"sbox@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":208274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jackson, Berne L.","contributorId":80719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackson","given":"Berne","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":208277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brandt, Theodore R. 0000-0002-7862-9082 tbrandt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7862-9082","contributorId":1267,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brandt","given":"Theodore","email":"tbrandt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":208272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Derkey, Pamela D.","contributorId":69590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Derkey","given":"Pamela D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":208276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Munts, Steven R.","contributorId":40251,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Munts","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":208275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":28351,"text":"wri984140 - 1999 - Simulated effects of water exchanges on streamflow and specific conductance in the Arkansas River upstream from Avondale, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-29T15:30:54","indexId":"wri984140","displayToPublicDate":"2000-10-01T07:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4140","title":"Simulated effects of water exchanges on streamflow and specific conductance in the Arkansas River upstream from Avondale, Colorado","docAbstract":"The potential effects of future water-exchange scenarios on streamflow and specific conductance in the Arkansas River were simulated with two accounting models. The major processes in the models simulated the historical exchange potential in the Arkansas River and the operation of a native and a nonnative Arkansas River water exchange. The potential effects of future exchange conditions were simulated using streamflow and specific-conductance data from the 1986-93 water-year study period. Hydrologic conditions during the study period were considered about average, compared to the long-term 1966-96 conditions. Therefore, the simulation results were indicative of the potential effects of future exchange conditions on streamflow and specific conductance during periods of average hydrologic conditions.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri984140","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Colorado Springs Utilities; Pueblo Board of Water Works; Southeastern Colorado Water Conservancy District; Pueblo County Department of Planning and Development; City of Aurora Department of Utilities; St. Charles Mesa Water District; Upper Arkansas Area Council of Governments; Upper Arkansas Water Conservancy District; City of Pueblo, Department of Utilities; Pueblo West Metropolitan District; Fremont Sanitation District; City of Rocky Ford; City of Las Animas; and City of Lamar","usgsCitation":"Lewis, M.E., 1999, Simulated effects of water exchanges on streamflow and specific conductance in the Arkansas River upstream from Avondale, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4140, iv, 34 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984140.","productDescription":"iv, 34 p.","numberOfPages":"40","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":308857,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri984140.jpg"},{"id":287523,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4140/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Arkansas River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.5069580078125,\n 37.94419750075404\n ],\n [\n -106.5069580078125,\n 39.3130504637139\n ],\n [\n -104.01580810546875,\n 39.3130504637139\n ],\n [\n -104.01580810546875,\n 37.94419750075404\n ],\n [\n -106.5069580078125,\n 37.94419750075404\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f9e4b07f02db5f322b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lewis, Michael E. mlewis@usgs.gov","contributorId":3849,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis","given":"Michael","email":"mlewis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":511064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":6825,"text":"fs13996 - 1999 - Canal and wetland flow transport interaction; coupling models for canal and wetland interactions in the South Florida ecosystem","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-09T11:40:36.492898","indexId":"fs13996","displayToPublicDate":"2000-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"139-96","displayTitle":"Coupling Models for Canal and Wetland Interactions in the South Florida Ecosystem","title":"Canal and wetland flow transport interaction; coupling models for canal and wetland interactions in the South Florida ecosystem","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey is one of several agencies participating in the scientific effort to provide knowledge that can help protect and preserve the ecosystem of south Florida. One project of the intergovernmental South Florida Ecosystem Program (SFEP) is focused on developing a computer model to simulate the flow of water and analyze the transport of waterborne chemical constituents between canals and wetlands. Quantification of dynamic flows within the south Florida ecosystem is vital to understanding the implications of the residence time of water, potentially nutrient-enriched (with nitrates or phosphates) or contaminant-laden (with metals or pesticides), that can alter plant life and affect biological communities. Nutrients carried in the water conveyed by canals draining agricultural areas and dispersed into wetlands by canal discharges, by levee overflows, or by seepage are considered to be a major contributor to changes in the types of vegetation found in the Everglades. Freshwater inflows, typically of varying magnitudes and durations, not only influence the salinity of Florida Bay but also potentially carry toxic substances that can affect and alter the Bay's aquatic biota. The simulation capability being developed within the SFEP can be useful for identifying approaches to alleviate adverse impacts of excessive or deficient flows and transported constituents. Through strategic use of a simulation model, cause-and-effect relations between discharge sources, flow magnitudes, transport processes, and changes in vegetation and biota can be investigated. The effects of driving forces on nutrient cycling and contaminant transport can then be quantified, evaluated, and considered in the development of remedial management plans.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs13996","usgsCitation":"Schaffranek, R.W., 1999, Canal and wetland flow transport interaction; coupling models for canal and wetland interactions in the South Florida ecosystem: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 139-96, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs13996.","productDescription":"4 p.","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":118352,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1996/0139/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":34160,"rank":299,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1996/0139/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.85 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 1996-139"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.6561279296875,\n 25.199970890386023\n ],\n [\n -80.18096923828124,\n 25.199970890386023\n ],\n [\n -80.18096923828124,\n 25.70588750345636\n ],\n [\n -80.6561279296875,\n 25.70588750345636\n ],\n [\n -80.6561279296875,\n 25.199970890386023\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3321 College Avenue
Davie, FL 33314
This text accompanies a map of many of the features on the active part of the Slumgullion landslide, Hinsdale County, Colo. Long-term movement creates and destroys a variety of structural features on the surface of the landslide including faults, fractures, and folds, as well as basins and ridges. The Slumgullion landslide consists of a large volume of inactive landslide deposits and a much smaller volume that is actively moving within the deposits of the older landslide. Previously, collapse of the south side of the scarp on Mesa Seco produced materials that blocked the Lake Fork of the Gunnison River and created Lake San Cristobal. The current landslide activity was triggered by a collapse, which apparently extended the preexisting headscarp toward the north. The loading induced by the deposition of the collapsed materials reactivated some of the older landslide deposits. Displacement rates in the active part of the landslide range from about 0.2 m/yr at the uppermost fractures to a maximum of 7.4 m/yr in the narrowest part of the landslide. From this maximum rate, displacement rate declines to 2 or less m/yr at the toe. The interplay between different displacement rates, varying width, and curving boundaries gives rise to the structures within the landslide. For purposes of description, the landslide has been divided into seven zones: head, zone of stretching, the hopper and neck, zone of pull-apart basins, pond deposits and emergent toe, zone of shortening and spreading, and active toe. Each zone has its characteristic kinematic expression that provides information on the internal deformation of the landslide. In general, the upper part of the landslide is characterized by features such as normal faults and tension cracks associated with stretching. The lowermost part of the landslide is characterized by thrust faults and other features associated with shortening. In between, features are a result of widening, bending, or narrowing of the landslide. Also, in places where the slope of the landslide is locally steeper than average, small landslides form on the surface of the larger landslide. On the basis of qualitative observations of changes in the morphology and displacement, we speculate that the landslide is unlikely to accelerate and is more likely to stop movement over a time scale of decades. This speculation is based on the observation that driving forces are gradually diminishing and resisting forces are increasing. Rejuvenation or reactivation probably requires collapse of a new block in the head of the landslide.
","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/i2672","isbn":"0607916281","usgsCitation":"Fleming, R.W., Baum, R.L., and Giardino, M., 1999, Map and description of the active part of the Slumgullion Landslide, Hinsdale County, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 2672, 1 map on 3 sheets ;271 x 308 cm., sheets 80 x 145 cm. and 80 114 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm. +1 pamphlet (34 p. : ill., maps ; 28 cm.), https://doi.org/10.3133/i2672.","productDescription":"1 map on 3 sheets ;271 x 308 cm., sheets 80 x 145 cm. and 80 114 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm. +1 pamphlet (34 p. : ill., maps ; 28 cm.)","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":186982,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/i2672.PNG"},{"id":109897,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_23047.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"23047"},{"id":6071,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/i-2672/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":298287,"rank":702,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/i-2672/i-2672_1.pdf","text":"Sheet 1","size":"5.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Sheet 1"},{"id":298288,"rank":703,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/i-2672/i-2672_2.pdf","text":"Sheet 2","size":"3.9 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Sheet 2"},{"id":298289,"rank":704,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/i-2672/i-2672_3.pdf","text":"Sheet 3","size":"3.6 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Sheet 3"},{"id":298286,"rank":701,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/i-2672/i-2672pm.pdf","text":"Pamphlet","size":"823 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Pamphlet"}],"scale":"1000","country":"United States","state":"Colorado","county":"Hinsdale County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -107.30363845825195,\n 37.97153793552019\n ],\n [\n -107.30363845825195,\n 38.01753350323394\n ],\n [\n -107.21471786499022,\n 38.01753350323394\n ],\n [\n -107.21471786499022,\n 37.97153793552019\n ],\n [\n -107.30363845825195,\n 37.97153793552019\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db649ede","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fleming, R. W.","contributorId":89110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleming","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":271177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baum, Rex L. 0000-0001-5337-1970 baum@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5337-1970","contributorId":1288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baum","given":"Rex","email":"baum@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":271175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Giardino, Marco","contributorId":11693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giardino","given":"Marco","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":271176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":32316,"text":"ofr98275 - 1999 - Hydrogeology of the Port Jervis area, in Orange County, New York; Pike County, Pennsylvania; and Sussex County, New Jersey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:10","indexId":"ofr98275","displayToPublicDate":"2000-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-275","title":"Hydrogeology of the Port Jervis area, in Orange County, New York; Pike County, Pennsylvania; and Sussex County, New Jersey","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr98275","usgsCitation":"Garry, J., 1999, Hydrogeology of the Port Jervis area, in Orange County, New York; Pike County, Pennsylvania; and Sussex County, New Jersey: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-275, 4 over-size sheets. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98275.","productDescription":"4 over-size sheets. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":160532,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":60336,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0275/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":60337,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0275/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":60338,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0275/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":60339,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0275/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2ee4b07f02db614ebd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Garry, J.D.","contributorId":88789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garry","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":208247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":25402,"text":"wri984143 - 1999 - Areal studies aid protection of ground-water quality in Illinois, Indiana, and Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-04T12:24:40.745538","indexId":"wri984143","displayToPublicDate":"2000-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4143","displayTitle":"Areal Studies Aid Protection of Ground-Water Quality in Illinois, Indiana, and Wisconsin","title":"Areal studies aid protection of ground-water quality in Illinois, Indiana, and Wisconsin","docAbstract":"In 1991, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, initiated studies designed to characterize the ground-water quality and hydrogeology in northern Illinois, and southern and eastern Wisconsin (with a focus on the north-central Illinois cities of Belvidere and Rockford, and the Calumet region of northeastern Illinois and northwestern Indiana). These areas are considered especially susceptible to ground-water contamination because of the high density of industrial and waste-disposal sites and the shallow depth to the unconsolidated sand and gravel aquifers and the fractured, carbonate bedrock aquifers that underlie the areas. The data and conceptual models of ground-water flow and contaminant distribution and movement developed as part of the studies have allowed Federal, State, and local agencies to better manage, protect, and restore the water supplies of the areas.
Water-quality, hydrologic, geologic, and geophysical data collected as part of these areal studies indicate that industrial contaminants are present locally in the aquifers underlying the areas. Most of the contaminants, particularly those at concentrations that exceeded regulatory water-quality levels, were detected in the sand and gravel aquifers near industrial or waste-disposal sites. In water from water-supply wells, the contaminants that were present generally were at concentrations below regulatory levels. The organic compounds detected most frequently at concentrations near or above regulatory levels varied by area. Trichloroethene, tetrachloroethene, and 1,1,1-trichloroethane (volatile chlorinated compounds) were most prevalent in north-central Illinois; benzene (a petroleum-related compound) was most prevalent in the Calumet region. Differences in the type of organic compounds that were detected in each area likely reflect differences in the types of industrial sites that predominate in the areas. Nickel and aluminum were the trace metals detected most frequently at concentrations above regulatory levels in both areas. Contaminants in the shallow sand and gravel aquifers and carbonate aquifers appear to have moved with ground water discharging to local lakes, streams, and wetlands. Ground-water flow and possibly contaminant movement is concentrated in the weathered surface zones and in deeper fractures of the carbonate aquifers underlying both areas.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri984143","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Mills, P., Kay, R.T., Brown, T.A., and Yeskis, D.J., 1999, Areal studies aid protection of ground-water quality in Illinois, Indiana, and Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4143, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984143.","productDescription":"12 p.","costCenters":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":1953,"rank":100,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4143/wrir98_4143.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.88 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRI 98–4143"},{"id":157775,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4143/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois, Indiana, Wisconsin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -87.36328125,\n 45.336701909968134\n ],\n [\n -89.12109375,\n 45.644768217751924\n ],\n [\n -92.197265625,\n 45.583289756006316\n ],\n [\n -90.87890625,\n 43.83452678223682\n ],\n [\n -89.912109375,\n 41.77131167976407\n ],\n [\n -90.703125,\n 40.64730356252251\n ],\n [\n -89.033203125,\n 37.23032838760387\n ],\n [\n -86.8359375,\n 38.272688535980976\n ],\n [\n -85.69335937499999,\n 38.41055825094609\n ],\n [\n -84.990234375,\n 39.30029918615029\n ],\n [\n -84.83642578125,\n 41.77131167976407\n ],\n [\n -86.63818359375,\n 41.78769700539063\n ],\n [\n -87.451171875,\n 41.672911819602085\n ],\n [\n -87.73681640625,\n 42.27730877423709\n ],\n [\n -87.69287109375,\n 43.78695837311561\n ],\n [\n -86.7919921875,\n 45.506346901083425\n ],\n [\n -87.36328125,\n 45.336701909968134\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Central Midwest Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
405 North Goodwin
Urbana, IL 61801
Ecosystems are communities of organisms, often including humans, and the associated physical and chemical environments in which they live. Ecosystems are a complex natural resource that need to be understood, carefully managed, and prudently conserved. Human modification of the environment, such as changing water drainage patterns and introducing pollutants (such as mercury) and nutrients (such as nitrates and phosphates), has altered critical ecosystems around the globe, and the south Florida region is now considered to be one of the most threatened ecosystems in the Nation. The south Florida ecosystem has both a land component, the Everglades (including all fresh-water wetlands south of Lake Okeechobee), and an estuarine component, Florida Bay. The two components are closely linked by hydrologic cycles and the plants and animals that live within the ecosystem.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs17195","usgsCitation":"U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet, 1999, South Florida ecosystems—Changes through time: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 1995–171, https://doi.org/10.3133/fs17195.","productDescription":"HTML Document","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":122890,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1995/0171/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":282,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1995/0171/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.00367070894046,\n 26.94633387241865\n ],\n [\n -81.87874513277362,\n 26.94633387241865\n ],\n [\n -81.87874513277362,\n 24.358839683418125\n ],\n [\n -80.00367070894046,\n 24.358839683418125\n ],\n [\n -80.00367070894046,\n 26.94633387241865\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center
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Davie, FL 33314
No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr99466","usgsCitation":"Harkness, W.E., Krejmas, B., Carswell, W.J., Reif, A.G., and Darling, H.L., 1999, Report of the River Master of the Delaware River: For the period December 1, 1996-November 30, 1997: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-466, v, 94 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99466.","productDescription":"v, 94 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":410031,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25664.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":52587,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0466/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":155801,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0466/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania","otherGeospatial":"Delaware River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76,\n 42.317\n ],\n [\n -76,\n 39.728\n ],\n [\n -74.471,\n 39.728\n ],\n [\n -74.471,\n 42.317\n ],\n [\n -76,\n 42.317\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a5ee4b07f02db633ba6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harkness, W. E.","contributorId":19176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harkness","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krejmas, B. E.","contributorId":88374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krejmas","given":"B. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carswell, W. J. Jr.","contributorId":102447,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carswell","given":"W.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Reif, A. G.","contributorId":88393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reif","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Darling, H. L.","contributorId":34961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Darling","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":5399,"text":"fs13596 - 1999 - Freshwater discharge to Florida Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-25T14:33:36.000845","indexId":"fs13596","displayToPublicDate":"2000-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"135-96","displayTitle":"Freshwater Discharge to Florida Bay","title":"Freshwater discharge to Florida Bay","docAbstract":"The South Florida Ecosystem Program is a collaborative effort by Federal agencies, working with State and local agencies, to help resolve land-use demands and water-supply issues in south Florida. The role of the U.S. Geological Survey in the program is to provide scientific insight into south Florida's hydrology and geology, which are an integral part of the fragile ecosystems of the Everglades, Florida Bay, and the Florida Keys. Historical changes in water-management practices to accommodate a large and rapidly growing urban population along the Atlantic coast, as well as intensive agricultural activities, have resulted in a highly managed hydrologic system with canals, levees, and pumping stations. These structures have altered the hydrology of the Everglades ecosystem, including Florida Bay. Currently, there are plans to change the quantity of water delivered to Everglades National Park and Florida Bay to restore the natural flow of the system.
Florida Bay, home to several endangered species, is a valuable breeding ground for marine life and an important recreational and sport fishing area. Florida Bay encompasses about 850 square miles in total area with an average depth of less than 3.5 feet. It is bordered by the mainland portion of Everglades National Park to the north, the Florida Keys to the east and south, and is open to the Gulf of Mexico to the west. During the last decade, Florida Bay has experienced algal blooms and seagrass die-offs which are signals of ecological deterioration that has been attributed to an increase in salinity and nutrient content of bay waters. Salinity and nutrient content are directly related to the amount and quality of freshwater that enters the bay and to flow patterns within the bay. Restoration of the Florida Bay ecosystem requires a better understanding of the linkage between the amount of water and nutrients flowing into the bay and the salinity and quality of the bay environment.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs13596","usgsCitation":"U.S. Geological Survey, 1999, Freshwater Discharge to Florida Bay: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 1996–135, https://doi.org/10.3133/fs13596.","productDescription":"HTML Document","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":123047,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1996/0135/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":517,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1996/0135/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Florida Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.26866109562512,\n 25.360434861416195\n ],\n [\n -81.82431518557821,\n 25.360434861416195\n ],\n [\n -81.82431518557821,\n 24.51407355119764\n ],\n [\n -80.26866109562512,\n 24.51407355119764\n ],\n [\n -80.26866109562512,\n 25.360434861416195\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Revision - June 1996","contact":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3321 College Avenue
Davie, FL 33314
Restoration and management of the south Florida ecosystem will be guided by hydrologic models that simulate water flowing through the wetlands and shallow subsurface aquifers beneath them. The restoration of the ecosystem is, essentially, the restoration of the natural hydrologic system. As surface water is re-diverted from manmade canals to its more natural state as overland flow, several changes are predicted to occur. First, because water flowing over land moves more slowly than in canals, overland flow should remain in the wetland ecosystem for a longer period each year. Second, as the flowing water spreads out over the wetlands, recharge to the shallow aquifers should increase as more of that water infiltrates into the ground. The U.S. Corps of Engineers and the South Florida Water Management District (SFWMD) will use hydrologic models to anticipate the consequences of these proposed restoration plans. This research program is designed to provide essential subsurface data to improve hydrologic models for land and water managers in southwest Florida where subsurface information is lacking. Obtaining hydrogeological data requires core drilling, corehole testing, and rock and sediment analysis.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs15896","usgsCitation":"U.S. Geological Survey, 1996, Hydrogeology of the surficial aquifer system in Southwest Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 1996–158, https://doi.org/10.3133/fs15896.","productDescription":"HTML Document","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":118406,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1996/0158/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":230,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1996/0158/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.00367070894046,\n 26.94633387241865\n ],\n [\n -81.87874513277362,\n 26.94633387241865\n ],\n [\n -81.87874513277362,\n 24.358839683418125\n ],\n [\n -80.00367070894046,\n 24.358839683418125\n ],\n [\n -80.00367070894046,\n 26.94633387241865\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3321 College Avenue
Davie, FL 33314
The South Florida Ecosystem Restoration Program is an intergovernmental effort to reestablish and maintain the ecosystems of south Florida. One element of the restoration effort is the development of a firm scientific basis for resource decision making. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is one of the agencies that provides scientific information as part of the South Florida Ecosystem Program (SFEP). The program, which was begun in fiscal year (FY) 1995, provides multidisciplinary hydrologic, cartographic, geologic, and biologic data that relate to the mainland of south Florida, the Florida Bay, and the Florida Keys and Reef ecosystems.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs16396","usgsCitation":"Color infrared digital orthophoto quadrangles for the South Florida ecosystem area; 1999; FS; 163-96; Geological Survey (U.S.)","productDescription":"HTML Document","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":832,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1996/0163/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":126479,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1996/0163/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.00367070894046,\n 27.75\n ],\n [\n -81.87874513277362,\n 27.75\n ],\n [\n -81.87874513277362,\n 24.358839683418125\n ],\n [\n -80.00367070894046,\n 24.358839683418125\n ],\n [\n -80.00367070894046,\n 27.75\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3321 College Avenue
Davie, FL 33314
Plant and animal communities of the historic Everglades have undergone striking changes over the last few decades, including declines in wading bird populations, invasion by exotic (non-native) plant and animal species, and areal expansion of cattails into sawgrass marshes. Many of these changes have been attributed to human activities in the region, and efforts are underway to restore the Everglades to a more pristine state.
Restoration plans include alteration of the present levee and canal system that controls water flow throughout southern Florida and changes in agricultural and land development activities. However, can we be sure that the observed changes are related to human practices rather than representing an extreme in the natural variability of the system? This question should be answered before changing current land-use practices to alleviate environmental concerns. To address this question, it is necessary to look at patterns of floral and faunal change over the last century as well as over the last few millennia.
This project aims to reconstruct floral and faunal composition at selected time intervals throughout southern Florida to determine: 1) detailed biotic changes over the last 150 years; 2) the natural range of biotic variability over the last few thousand years; and 3) determine whether any cause-and-effect relationships exist between biotic and environmental changes. Such questions are being addressed by scientists in the South Florida Initiative of the Ecosystem Program at the U.S. Geological Survey.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs14696","usgsCitation":"U.S. Geological Survey, 1999, Ecosystem history—terrestrial and fresh-water ecosystems of southern Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 1996–146, https://doi.org/10.3133/fs14696.","productDescription":"HTML Document","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126532,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1996/0146/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":817,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1996/0146/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.00367070894046,\n 26.94633387241865\n ],\n [\n -81.87874513277362,\n 26.94633387241865\n ],\n [\n -81.87874513277362,\n 24.358839683418125\n ],\n [\n -80.00367070894046,\n 24.358839683418125\n ],\n [\n -80.00367070894046,\n 26.94633387241865\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3321 College Avenue
Davie, FL 33314
Knowledge about hydrologic exchange between surface water and ground water is critical to understanding the movement of water and dissolved chemical constituents (solutes) in the Florida Everglades. This fact sheet describes a study that will quantify vertical exchange of water and solutes in the Everglades as part of the U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) South Florida Ecosystem Program. The two sites selected for the initial investigation are shown in the report. Those sites are the location of ongoing research projects concerned with movement and transformation of nutrients and mercury. Research results are being used by the South Florida Water Management District (SFWMD) to guide in the planning of Stormwater Treatment Areas, which will be large constructed wetlands designed to remove excess nutrients from agricultural drainage.
The objectives of the project described here are to (1) quantify vertical exchange of water (also referred to as seepage) between ground water and surface water, (2) use seepage estimates to assist in the development of chemical mass balances for mercury and nutrients, and (3) relate seepage fluxes to subsurface hydrogeologic properties, management of surface-water levels in canals and water conservation areas, and the regional water balance in the northern Everglades.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs16996","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1999, Vertical exchange of ground water and surface water in the Florida Everglades: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 169-96, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs16996.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":121551,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1996/0169/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":32061,"rank":299,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1996/0169/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"119 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 1996-169"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Everglades","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.8206787109375,\n 25.045792240303445\n ],\n [\n -80.2880859375,\n 25.045792240303445\n ],\n [\n -80.2880859375,\n 26.504988828743404\n ],\n [\n -81.8206787109375,\n 26.504988828743404\n ],\n [\n -81.8206787109375,\n 25.045792240303445\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3321 College Avenue
Davie, FL 33314