{"pageNumber":"3335","pageRowStart":"83350","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184904,"records":[{"id":21683,"text":"ofr99370 - 1999 - Collection, preparation and testing of NIST hard rock mine waste reference material SRM 2780","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:59","indexId":"ofr99370","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-370","title":"Collection, preparation and testing of NIST hard rock mine waste reference material SRM 2780","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr99370","issn":"0566-8174","usgsCitation":"Wilson, S., Briggs, P., Brown, Z.A., Taggart, J., and Knight, R.J., 1999, Collection, preparation and testing of NIST hard rock mine waste reference material SRM 2780: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-370, 15 p.  ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99370.","productDescription":"15 p.  ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":154902,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0370/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":51226,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0370/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae948","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, S. A. 0000-0002-9468-0005","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9468-0005","contributorId":23561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"S. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Briggs, Paul H.","contributorId":107691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Paul H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brown, Z. A.","contributorId":82708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Z.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Taggart, J.E. Jr.","contributorId":51301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taggart","given":"J.E.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Knight, R. J.","contributorId":96255,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knight","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":23402,"text":"ofr99221 - 1999 - Quality assurance of U.S. Geological Survey stream current meters; the meter-exchange program 1988-98","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:12","indexId":"ofr99221","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-221","title":"Quality assurance of U.S. Geological Survey stream current meters; the meter-exchange program 1988-98","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBooks and Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr99221","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Hubbard, E., Thibodeaux, K., and Duong, M., 1999, Quality assurance of U.S. Geological Survey stream current meters; the meter-exchange program 1988-98: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-221, 15 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99221.","productDescription":"15 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":156128,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0221/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52703,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0221/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a8fe4b07f02db6552a6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hubbard, E. F.","contributorId":66666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hubbard","given":"E. F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thibodeaux, K.G.","contributorId":16440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thibodeaux","given":"K.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Duong, M.N.","contributorId":96296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duong","given":"M.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":32228,"text":"ofr99520 - 1999 - Publications of the Volcano Hazards Program 1998","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:25","indexId":"ofr99520","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-520","title":"Publications of the Volcano Hazards Program 1998","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr99520","usgsCitation":"Nathenson, M., 1999, Publications of the Volcano Hazards Program 1998: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-520, 8 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99520.","productDescription":"8 p. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":163122,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0520/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":60318,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0520/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a90e4b07f02db655e88","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nathenson, Manuel 0000-0002-5216-984X mnathnsn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5216-984X","contributorId":1358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nathenson","given":"Manuel","email":"mnathnsn@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":208028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":32224,"text":"ofr99224 - 1999 - Potentiometric surfaces of the intermediate aquifer system, west-central Florida, September 1998","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:25","indexId":"ofr99224","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-224","title":"Potentiometric surfaces of the intermediate aquifer system, west-central Florida, September 1998","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr99224","usgsCitation":"Torres, A.E., Broska, J.C., and Corral, M.A., 1999, Potentiometric surfaces of the intermediate aquifer system, west-central Florida, September 1998: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-224, 2 maps ;40 x 42 cm. and 24 x 38 cm., on sheet 84 x 76 cm., folded to 22 x 23 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99224.","productDescription":"2 maps ;40 x 42 cm. and 24 x 38 cm., on sheet 84 x 76 cm., folded to 22 x 23 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":163047,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":60314,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0224/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"500000","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad3e4b07f02db68221f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Torres, A. E.","contributorId":94350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torres","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":208021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Broska, J. C.","contributorId":62628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Broska","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":208020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Corral, M. A.","contributorId":25201,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Corral","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":208019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":21749,"text":"ofr99233 - 1999 - Distribution and abundance of submersed aquatic vegetation in the tidal Potomac River and upper Potomac Estuary, Maryland, Virginia, and the District of Columbia, 1993-1998","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:45","indexId":"ofr99233","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-233","title":"Distribution and abundance of submersed aquatic vegetation in the tidal Potomac River and upper Potomac Estuary, Maryland, Virginia, and the District of Columbia, 1993-1998","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr99233","issn":"0566-8174","usgsCitation":"Ruhl, H., Rybicki, N.B., Reel, J.T., and Carter, V., 1999, Distribution and abundance of submersed aquatic vegetation in the tidal Potomac River and upper Potomac Estuary, Maryland, Virginia, and the District of Columbia, 1993-1998: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-233, iv, 39 p. :maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99233.","productDescription":"iv, 39 p. :maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":152966,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0233/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":51252,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0233/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db649fed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ruhl, H.","contributorId":31416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruhl","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rybicki, N. B.","contributorId":97504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rybicki","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reel, J. T.","contributorId":104518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reel","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Carter, Virginia","contributorId":12018,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"Virginia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":24176,"text":"ofr99383 - 1999 - High-angle faults in the basement of Yucca Flat, Nevada Test Site, Nevada, based on analysis of a constrained gravity inversion surface","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-15T15:44:42.731639","indexId":"ofr99383","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-383","title":"High-angle faults in the basement of Yucca Flat, Nevada Test Site, Nevada, based on analysis of a constrained gravity inversion surface","docAbstract":"Using a model of the topographic subsurface derived from drill hole and gravity inversion analysis of the basement rocks in Yucca Flat, Nevada Test Site (NTS), Nevada, a fault map and digital fault dataset were constructed based on offsets of the basement surface. Because these faults are, in large part, not present at the surface, they are interpreted to be inactive faults, older than the alluvial basin fill.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr99383","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Phelps, G., and McKee, E.H., 1999, High-angle faults in the basement of Yucca Flat, Nevada Test Site, Nevada, based on analysis of a constrained gravity inversion surface: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-383, Report: 11 p.; 5 Plates: 20.00 x 25.00 inches and smaller; Readme; Metadata, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99383.","productDescription":"Report: 11 p.; 5 Plates: 20.00 x 25.00 inches and smaller; Readme; Metadata","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":155484,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr99383.jpg"},{"id":284941,"rank":2,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0383/FAULTS.TXT"},{"id":391495,"rank":11,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_22756.htm"},{"id":1580,"rank":12,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0383/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":284933,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0383/pdf/of99-383.pdf"},{"id":284934,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0383/pdf/figure1.pdf"},{"id":284935,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0383/pdf/figure2A.pdf"},{"id":284936,"rank":7,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0383/pdf/figure2B.pdf"},{"id":284937,"rank":8,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0383/pdf/figure3.pdf"},{"id":284938,"rank":9,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0383/pdf/figure4.pdf"},{"id":284939,"rank":10,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0383/README.TXT"},{"id":284940,"rank":4,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0383/METADATA.TXT"}],"scale":"1000000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection","country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Yucca Flat","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -116.25,36.875 ], [ -116.25,37.25 ], [ -115.875,37.25 ], [ -115.875,36.875 ], [ -116.25,36.875 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd6082e4b0b290850fcf97","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Phelps, Geoffrey A.","contributorId":17262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phelps","given":"Geoffrey A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McKee, Edwin H. mckee@usgs.gov","contributorId":3728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKee","given":"Edwin","email":"mckee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":191451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":24428,"text":"ofr99502 - 1999 - Alaska aeromagnetic compilation: Digital grids and survey data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-01T21:27:54.992411","indexId":"ofr99502","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-502","title":"Alaska aeromagnetic compilation: Digital grids and survey data","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr99502","usgsCitation":"Saltus, R.W., Connard, G., and Hill, P.L., 1999, Alaska aeromagnetic compilation: Digital grids and survey data (Version 1.0.): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-502, 1 CD-Rom, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99502.","productDescription":"1 CD-Rom","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":156264,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":406104,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_22769.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":112024,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.dggs.dnr.state.ak.us/pubs/id/12189","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"properties\":{},\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-141.0007667541504,69.64681951728146],[-141.064453125,69.80172356231073],[-141.767578125,69.96043926902489],[-142.734375,70.1478274118401],[-143.26171875,70.25945200030638],[-144.99755859375,70.1925497583889],[-146.14013671875,70.21487465331137],[-147.43652343749997,70.32613725493573],[-148.40332031249997,70.51024068514326],[-149.47998046875,70.63448406630856],[-149.85351562499997,70.63448406630856],[-150.64453125,70.59802116106809],[-151.611328125,70.61261423801925],[-151.8310546875,70.7724429742589],[-152.02880859375,70.90226826757711],[-152.666015625,71.0098110139634],[-153.52294921875,71.05979781529196],[-154.31396484375,70.95969716686398],[-154.70947265625,71.20191973293133],[-155.41259765625,71.3219146980122],[-156.46728515625,71.45515260247822],[-157.10449218749997,71.34301347171373],[-157.58789062499997,71.21607526596131],[-157.91748046875,70.99550574822297],[-158.62060546875,70.9883492241249],[-159.30175781249997,70.98119010476937],[-159.98291015625,70.94535555009823],[-160.51025390625,70.73622993891799],[-160.90576171875,70.58341752317065],[-161.5869140625,70.45150843439349],[-161.78466796875,70.45885925640687],[-162.5537109375,70.34092679475283],[-163.05908203125,70.09552886456429],[-163.388671875,69.81689109911446],[-163.564453125,69.51914693717981],[-164.02587890625,69.15474044269264],[-164.90478515625,69.03714171275197],[-165.69580078124997,68.97416358340674],[-166.26708984375,69.01354605132325],[-166.376953125,68.80004113882613],[-166.66259765624997,68.5443150407769],[-167.1240234375,68.39918004344189],[-166.61865234375,68.17155518732503],[-166.5087890625,67.99110834539984],[-165.87158203125,67.8672645403614],[-164.61914062499997,67.47492238478702],[-164.24560546874997,67.23806155909902],[-164.091796875,67.02458758377148],[-163.10302734375,66.87834504307976],[-163.05908203125,66.73990169639414],[-162.66357421875,66.58321725728175],[-162.333984375,66.48697584176404],[-162.3779296875,66.34632215978135],[-163.2568359375,66.31103501145373],[-163.19091796875,66.55700652350038],[-163.76220703124997,66.73990169639414],[-164.46533203125,66.69647781801481],[-165.30029296875,66.55700652350038],[-166.1572265625,66.41674787052298],[-166.9482421875,66.24916310923315],[-167.3876953125,66.01801815922045],[-168.42041015625,65.56754970214311],[-168.02490234375,65.33017791526855],[-167.45361328125,65.18303007291382],[-166.9921875,64.86760781632728],[-166.7724609375,64.49172504435471],[-165.69580078124997,64.24459476798195],[-164.59716796875,64.29229248039543],[-164.13574218749997,64.26368374017731],[-163.49853515625,64.18724867664994],[-162.5537109375,64.27322328178595],[-161.82861328124997,64.24459476798195],[-161.52099609375,63.93737246791484],[-163.125,63.68524808030715],[-163.93798828125,63.41119772365924],[-164.5751953125,63.32254947641308],[-165.41015625,63.15435519659187],[-165.78369140625,62.75472592723178],[-166.26708984375,62.42090322195164],[-166.5966796875,62.155240711732425],[-166.48681640625,61.616843178481375],[-166.2451171875,61.23853141060282],[-165.849609375,60.8663124746226],[-166.5966796875,60.56537850464181],[-167.34375,60.468050120874615],[-167.80517578125,60.20707506634915],[-167.8271484375,60.09771842541544],[-167.89306640624997,59.93300042374631],[-167.03613281249997,59.712097173322924],[-166.640625,59.61221219518693],[-165.95947265624997,59.60109549032134],[-165.47607421874997,59.74532608213611],[-165.10253906249997,59.95501026206206],[-164.794921875,59.987997631212224],[-164.72900390624997,59.7563950493563],[-164.46533203125,59.54545678424146],[-163.8720703125,59.54545678424146],[-163.14697265625,59.60109549032134],[-162.26806640625,59.62332522313024],[-162.20214843749997,59.17592824927136],[-162.35595703125,58.81374171570782],[-162.57568359375,58.6769376725869],[-162.09228515625,58.39019698411526],[-161.455078125,58.39019698411526],[-160.68603515625,58.44773280389084],[-160.1806640625,58.516651799363785],[-159.71923828125,58.58543569119917],[-159.43359375,58.47072082411973],[-159.08203125,58.33256713195789],[-158.55468749999997,58.286395482881034],[-158.44482421874997,58.619777025081675],[-157.60986328125,58.52812515905843],[-158.00537109375,58.00809779306888],[-158.48876953125,57.468589192089354],[-159.49951171875,56.84897198026975],[-161.0595703125,56.389583525613055],[-164.9267578125,54.97761367069628],[-165.9814453125,54.470037612805754],[-168.55224609375,53.73571574532637],[-173.232421875,52.92215137976296],[-175.62744140624997,52.3755991766591],[-177.86865234375,52.13348804077147],[-178.9453125,50.98609893339354],[-178.00048828125,51.440312757160115],[-176.8359375,51.467696956223364],[-175.36376953125,51.7406361640977],[-171.826171875,52.119998657638156],[-167.62939453124997,52.9883372533954],[-166.728515625,53.186287573913305],[-165.9375,53.553362785528094],[-165.30029296875,53.76170183021049],[-164.3115234375,54.149567212540525],[-163.89404296875,54.29088164657006],[-163.3447265625,54.18815548107151],[-162.26806640625,54.07228265560388],[-162.09228515625,54.3549556895541],[-161.89453125,54.7246201949245],[-161.0595703125,54.80068486732233],[-160.400390625,54.67383096593114],[-159.19189453125,54.61025498157912],[-159.14794921875,55.07836723201515],[-158.79638671875,55.429013452407396],[-157.58789062499997,55.825973254619015],[-155.7421875,55.541064956111036],[-154.62158203125,56.01066647040695],[-153.47900390625,56.43820369358165],[-151.45751953125,57.397624055000456],[-151.4794921875,58.07787626787517],[-151.45751953125,58.75680543225761],[-149.74365234374997,59.38917842312835],[-148.51318359375,59.63443457494949],[-146.689453125,59.355596110016315],[-144.51416015625,59.75086102411168],[-144.3109130859375,59.87239799228177],[-143.8330078125,59.968758992382334],[-143.0694580078125,60.031929699115615],[-141.5533447265625,59.842055288480076],[-140.9051513671875,59.68160832698723],[-140.020751953125,59.478568831926395],[-139.1693115234375,59.234986238722],[-138.82873535156247,59.09138238455909],[-138.3233642578125,58.96983560365735],[-138.1146240234375,58.862064179600374],[-138.076171875,58.722598828043374],[-136.9775390625,58.19387126497797],[-136.56005859375,57.7862326105289],[-135.966796875,57.33838126552897],[-136.03271484375,57.052681978717494],[-135.81298828125,56.92099675839107],[-134.571533203125,55.8845546603819],[-134.2034912109375,55.56592203025787],[-133.8958740234375,55.263468250921285],[-133.7530517578125,55.06264118216743],[-133.6102294921875,54.64523407607479],[-133.2421875,54.635697306063854],[-130.6171417236328,54.70637513489091],[-130.62950134277344,54.72422365048395],[-130.62606811523438,54.73651472417763],[-130.65765380859375,54.762274228176494],[-130.62950134277344,54.78247406031503],[-130.5663299560547,54.79237225560392],[-130.49697875976562,54.82877675365454],[-130.42282104492188,54.87423625974835],[-130.34591674804688,54.91569803760518],[-130.27244567871094,54.97288463122321],[-130.18661499023438,55.062247951730015],[-130.18043518066406,55.091729515360875],[-130.15090942382812,55.12393783348962],[-130.14747619628906,55.14160209881279],[-130.10284423828125,55.19219635238084],[-129.97169494628906,55.28146181651345],[-129.97581481933594,55.30022902025666],[-130.02044677734375,55.33890835596374],[-130.0396728515625,55.45043679812318],[-130.0884246826172,55.496749338303694],[-130.12825012207028,55.58144971869657],[-130.10971069335938,55.68223010941079],[-130.14816284179688,55.71473455012689],[-130.15296936035156,55.7649857705176],[-130.12550354003906,55.80475427021683],[-130.0843048095703,55.82134464477078],[-130.00465393066406,55.90573012454021],[-130.00465393066406,55.9130425993163],[-130.0190734863281,55.912657766599715],[-130.00259399414062,56.00605986001467],[-130.10421752929688,56.12297419573329],[-130.24635314941406,56.09693875609652],[-130.3479766845703,56.12794955397159],[-130.42556762695312,56.14134155069025],[-130.4674530029297,56.24373146827144],[-130.55740356445312,56.249454174583384],[-130.5677032470703,56.25479459547735],[-130.62400817871094,56.2685236855868],[-130.78262329101562,56.36715174252849],[-131.08612060546875,56.40668363558357],[-131.16989135742188,56.44883107459549],[-131.473388671875,56.551913918713375],[-131.58119201660156,56.61204220477141],[-131.8352508544922,56.59843662755775],[-131.85997009277344,56.702620872371355],[-131.89979553222656,56.75347577609789],[-131.87232971191406,56.805765643008264],[-132.12432861328122,56.87374615531272],[-132.0467376708984,57.04521234171931],[-132.3687744140625,57.09149987857074],[-132.2472381591797,57.211056900559335],[-132.3680877685547,57.347273783306676],[-132.55210876464844,57.49516565182901],[-132.65853881835938,57.61562391374733],[-132.75466918945312,57.69680911844304],[-132.8693389892578,57.83853792318956],[-133.06983947753906,58.00082136594698],[-133.17283630371094,58.15404059343076],[-133.34518432617188,58.27628739957773],[-133.45985412597656,58.38731772556939],[-133.37608337402344,58.430481925680034],[-133.70567321777344,58.611194853078764],[-133.83956909179685,58.730440812979516],[-134.25979614257812,58.861354043320055],[-134.3360137939453,58.92414471817596],[-134.3140411376953,58.962755708753306],[-134.4060516357422,58.978683427688686],[-134.38133239746094,59.03878841190553],[-134.44656372070312,59.08820785301446],[-134.48501586914062,59.13121539881386],[-134.56329345703125,59.130510792073984],[-134.67933654785156,59.191757369765085],[-134.70130920410156,59.24973478117606],[-134.95742797851562,59.279914277804906],[-135.02883911132812,59.34649517787861],[-134.9897003173828,59.3877798237848],[-135.10093688964844,59.42622028594434],[-135.07827758789062,59.45275367774563],[-135.0274658203125,59.47473269180728],[-135.03021240234375,59.564245132658975],[-135.11810302734372,59.62367244601488],[-135.15586853027344,59.625061301654334],[-135.2190399169922,59.6632323288228],[-135.23345947265625,59.69650975428769],[-135.252685546875,59.69789559656873],[-135.36048889160156,59.73598378851403],[-135.4779052734375,59.79821644465919],[-135.94894409179688,59.6632323288228],[-136.1927032470703,59.63998787256213],[-136.34788513183594,59.60109549032134],[-136.25038146972656,59.56633207991906],[-136.24076843261716,59.55972296971678],[-136.24076843261716,59.52387204745182],[-136.3066864013672,59.46461714320982],[-136.36642456054688,59.4496126517294],[-136.47628784179688,59.46566371970234],[-136.46804809570312,59.28552611855346],[-136.49620056152344,59.27465233689575],[-136.4900207519531,59.26096748461385],[-136.5840911865234,59.166075318301345],[-136.8285369873047,59.16009179641602],[-136.8793487548828,59.13544273484683],[-137.28240966796875,59.0009698708429],[-137.449951171875,58.908900972391415],[-137.52548217773438,58.906418795609426],[-137.5000762939453,58.985760051467075],[-137.54127502441406,59.10478272378236],[-137.60787963867188,59.24376590151355],[-138.62617492675778,59.76746035005358],[-138.66600036621094,59.80961318716828],[-138.6797332763672,59.84481485969105],[-138.70582580566406,59.90650046741583],[-139.05258178710938,59.994179105518434],[-139.19952392578125,60.08950200748712],[-139.0711212158203,60.3187885497516],[-139.07386779785156,60.35243208301854],[-139.69253540039062,60.33544473468298],[-139.97955322265625,60.181818669034776],[-140.4595184326172,60.30858669066228],[-140.5199432373047,60.22003701633967],[-141.00128173828125,60.3058656567224],[-141.0007667541504,69.64681951728146]]]}},{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"properties\":{},\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-173.07586669921875,60.72157115165579],[-173.155517578125,60.69469537287745],[-173.15277099609375,60.64356945377967],[-173.08135986328125,60.61123754937553],[-173.04016113281247,60.58157148491742],[-173.08135986328125,60.53972302275651],[-173.089599609375,60.511343283202464],[-173.05938720703125,60.4788788301667],[-172.98248291015625,60.468050120874615],[-172.94677734374997,60.43689744859958],[-172.8424072265625,60.403001945865476],[-172.78472900390625,60.373144671593685],[-172.7105712890625,60.329667021005825],[-172.6611328125,60.3187885497516],[-172.5897216796875,60.309266913738156],[-172.49908447265625,60.31606836555203],[-172.4139404296875,60.3187885497516],[-172.35076904296875,60.3187885497516],[-172.30682373046872,60.29021531318375],[-172.2381591796875,60.29021531318375],[-172.17498779296875,60.30518536282736],[-172.2381591796875,60.333745513303114],[-172.34527587890625,60.378575303227215],[-172.364501953125,60.40164539086417],[-172.43041992187497,60.40571488624096],[-172.4798583984375,60.39757538658664],[-172.57598876953125,60.41249624776229],[-172.6556396484375,60.43689744859958],[-172.77374267578122,60.4788788301667],[-172.83416748046875,60.50052541051131],[-172.89459228515625,60.550527811064846],[-172.8863525390625,60.588316165776824],[-172.91656494140625,60.62606036274505],[-172.98797607421875,60.658377412327326],[-173.01544189453125,60.69469537287745],[-173.07586669921875,60.72157115165579]]]}},{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"properties\":{},\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-171.650390625,63.809167882566385],[-171.793212890625,63.82128765261384],[-171.80419921875,63.73147780336167],[-171.8426513671875,63.65601144183318],[-171.8865966796875,63.54365806976644],[-171.859130859375,63.42594585479083],[-171.7877197265625,63.34966546248425],[-171.62841796875,63.32501562217765],[-171.474609375,63.28306240110864],[-171.353759765625,63.29540792564745],[-171.2548828125,63.33980806067484],[-171.1395263671875,63.38413977217118],[-171.002197265625,63.389061297647125],[-170.760498046875,63.34966546248425],[-170.57373046875,63.32501562217765],[-170.41992187499997,63.27812271092345],[-170.343017578125,63.1989725264735],[-170.3594970703125,63.156835740093236],[-170.2496337890625,63.156835740093236],[-170.145263671875,63.156835740093236],[-170.0408935546875,63.14194929585152],[-169.9090576171875,63.087300267152735],[-169.8321533203125,63.03753005973634],[-169.7991943359375,62.990169510232555],[-169.8101806640625,62.95522304515911],[-169.74975585937497,62.922735326966595],[-169.617919921875,62.91523303947614],[-169.54650878906247,62.9502272814474],[-169.4915771484375,62.97270150065472],[-169.508056640625,62.99765260346662],[-169.4970703125,63.04251090966805],[-169.43664550781247,63.08978654472616],[-169.34326171874997,63.11712157280328],[-169.178466796875,63.13946747896222],[-169.1070556640625,63.14443090047572],[-168.958740234375,63.104699747121074],[-168.760986328125,63.112153479825004],[-168.67309570312497,63.203925767041305],[-168.662109375,63.26576978358972],[-168.7115478515625,63.3348780927218],[-168.92578125,63.366907787681754],[-169.07958984374997,63.366907787681754],[-169.25537109375,63.37183226679281],[-169.420166015625,63.376755901872734],[-169.5245361328125,63.389061297647125],[-169.6124267578125,63.43331707559086],[-169.705810546875,63.46278300222105],[-169.8211669921875,63.46523712749102],[-169.947509765625,63.48976680530999],[-170.0079345703125,63.59011870211632],[-170.0958251953125,63.658448979940175],[-170.2386474609375,63.704722429433225],[-170.4638671875,63.73390885572919],[-170.5902099609375,63.721751503619956],[-170.7659912109375,63.6779417467744],[-171.2164306640625,63.648697570849286],[-171.474609375,63.6779417467744],[-171.54052734375,63.75334975181205],[-171.650390625,63.809167882566385]]]}},{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"properties\":{},\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-170.40618896484375,57.022794415389725],[-170.3155517578125,57.043718234032625],[-170.22216796875,57.119841130872615],[-170.1947021484375,57.14518072479997],[-170.11505126953125,57.18985535714817],[-170.08209228515625,57.227042992549855],[-170.07110595703125,57.271618718194446],[-170.189208984375,57.23893512461504],[-170.2386474609375,57.22852971878346],[-170.32928466796875,57.22852971878346],[-170.3704833984375,57.22406936030381],[-170.49407958984375,57.20473490715757],[-170.41992187499997,57.12878649751151],[-170.364990234375,57.11387635258491],[-170.42266845703125,57.06910989239133],[-170.46112060546875,57.033257797376066],[-170.40618896484375,57.022794415389725]]]}},{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"properties\":{},\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-169.8321533203125,56.62904228542147],[-169.8211669921875,56.60486209416893],[-169.7991943359375,56.586716786451156],[-169.71405029296875,56.565536245992064],[-169.71405029296875,56.551913918713375],[-169.63165283203125,56.51707901932375],[-169.56024169921875,56.515563731608296],[-169.5025634765625,56.553427752820355],[-169.43115234375,56.58369172128337],[-169.43664550781247,56.626020608371924],[-169.56024169921875,56.63055303322322],[-169.6783447265625,56.62450967912138],[-169.8321533203125,56.62904228542147]]]}}]}","edition":"Version 1.0.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae2e4b07f02db688e1d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Saltus, R. W.","contributorId":85588,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saltus","given":"R.","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Connard, G.","contributorId":18025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Connard","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hill, P. L.","contributorId":30201,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":23715,"text":"ofr99438 - 1999 - Digital geologic map of part of the Thompson Falls 1:100,000 quadrangle, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-15T15:42:44.396391","indexId":"ofr99438","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-438","title":"Digital geologic map of part of the Thompson Falls 1:100,000 quadrangle, Idaho","docAbstract":"The geology of the Thompson Falls 1:100,000 quadrangle, Idaho was compiled by Reed S. Lewis in 1997 onto a 1:100,000-scale greenline mylar of the topographic base map for input into a geographic information system (GIS). The resulting digital geologic map GIS can be queried in many ways to produce a variety of geologic maps. Digital base map data files (topography, roads, towns, rivers and lakes, etc.) are not included: they may be obtained from a variety of commercial and government sources. This database is not meant to be used or displayed at any scale larger than 1:100,000 (e.g., 1:62,500 or 1:24,000).\n\nThe map area is located in north Idaho. This open-file report describes the geologic map units, the methods used to convert the geologic map data into a digital format, the Arc/Info GIS file structures and relationships, and explains how to download the digital files from the U.S. Geological Survey public access World Wide Web site on the Internet.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr99438","issn":"0094-9140","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Idaho Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Lewis, R., and Derkey, P., 1999, Digital geologic map of part of the Thompson Falls 1:100,000 quadrangle, Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-438, Report: ii, 32 p.; Readme; Metadata; Complete digital package; Dataset; Additional datasets; Additional files; Map files, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99438.","productDescription":"Report: ii, 32 p.; Readme; Metadata; Complete digital package; Dataset; Additional datasets; Additional files; Map files","numberOfPages":"35","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":285004,"rank":2,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0438/MAPS.TAR.Z"},{"id":285003,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0438/AMLS.TAR.Z"},{"id":285002,"rank":4,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0438/MORE.TAR.Z"},{"id":285001,"rank":5,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0438/COVERS.TAR.Z"},{"id":285000,"rank":6,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0438/tf100k.tar.Z"},{"id":284999,"rank":7,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0438/TF100K.MET"},{"id":284998,"rank":8,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0438/README.TXT"},{"id":52961,"rank":10,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0438/pdf/OF99-438.PDF","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":157420,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0438/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":1725,"rank":9,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0438/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"100000","country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Thompson Falls","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -116.0,47.5 ], [ -116.0,48.0 ], [ -115.0,48.0 ], [ -115.0,47.5 ], [ -116.0,47.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd5504e4b0b290850f613b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lewis, Reed S.","contributorId":34953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis","given":"Reed S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Derkey, Pamela D.","contributorId":69590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Derkey","given":"Pamela D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":21896,"text":"ofr9949 - 1999 - Inversion of gravity data to define the pre-Tertiary surface and regional structures possibly influencing ground-water flow in the Pahute Mesa-Oasis Valley region, Nye County, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-15T15:57:02.418827","indexId":"ofr9949","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-49","title":"Inversion of gravity data to define the pre-Tertiary surface and regional structures possibly influencing ground-water flow in the Pahute Mesa-Oasis Valley region, Nye County, Nevada","docAbstract":"A three-dimensional inversion of gravity data from the Pahute Mesa–Oasis Valley region reveals a topographically complex pre-Tertiary basement surface. Beneath Pahute Mesa, the thickness of the Tertiary volcanic deposits may exceed 5 km within the Silent Canyon caldera complex. South of Pahute Mesa in Oasis Valley, basement is shallower (< 1 km) but between this valley and the Timber Mountain caldera complex is a basin that probably represents, in part, a moat related to the Timber Mountain caldera complex. Of particular interest is a NE-trending lineament, named here the Thirsty Canyon lineament (TCL), separating terranes at significantly different elevations. Southeast of the TCL, a highly undulating basement surface descends deeply into several calderas, whereas NW of the TCL basement is relatively flat and shallow. Because as many as four calderas seem to abruptly terminate at the TCL, the TCL may reflect a major buried fault zone, which influenced caldera growth. This inferred Thirsty Canyon fault zone and several EW basement ridges in the derived 3-dimensional basin thickness model may influence the flow of ground water from the Pahute Mesa region to Oasis Valley.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr9949","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy Nevada Operations Office (Interagency Agreement DE-AI08-96NV11967)","usgsCitation":"Hildenbrand, T., Langenheim, V., Mankinen, E., and McKee, E., 1999, Inversion of gravity data to define the pre-Tertiary surface and regional structures possibly influencing ground-water flow in the Pahute Mesa-Oasis Valley region, Nye County, Nevada (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-49, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9949.","productDescription":"26 p.","numberOfPages":"29","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":155422,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr9949.gif"},{"id":1263,"rank":4,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0049/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":284837,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0049/pdf/of99-49.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":405811,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_22749.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Nye County","otherGeospatial":"Pahute Mesa-Oasis Valley region","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -116.833,\n              36.917\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.25,\n              36.917\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.25,\n              37.333\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.833,\n              37.333\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.833,\n              36.917\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd630ae4b0b290850fe915","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hildenbrand, T.G.","contributorId":83892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hildenbrand","given":"T.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Langenheim, V.E. 0000-0003-2170-5213","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2170-5213","contributorId":54956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langenheim","given":"V.E.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":186155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mankinen, E. A. 0000-0001-7496-2681","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7496-2681","contributorId":31786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mankinen","given":"E. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McKee, E.H.","contributorId":20736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKee","given":"E.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":21950,"text":"ofr99397 - 1999 - Microfossil and stable isotope data from the last interglacial records of Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) sites 1018 and 1020","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:59","indexId":"ofr99397","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-397","title":"Microfossil and stable isotope data from the last interglacial records of Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) sites 1018 and 1020","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr99397","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Poore, R., Dowsett, H., Barron, J., Heusser, L., Ravelo, A.C., Mix, A., and McMahon, A., 1999, Microfossil and stable isotope data from the last interglacial records of Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) sites 1018 and 1020: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-397, 19 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99397.","productDescription":"19 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155250,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0397/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":51425,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0397/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db629d2c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Poore, R.Z.","contributorId":35314,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poore","given":"R.Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dowsett, H.J. 0000-0003-1983-7524","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1983-7524","contributorId":87924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dowsett","given":"H.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barron, J.A. 0000-0002-9309-1145","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9309-1145","contributorId":95461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barron","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Heusser, L.","contributorId":106888,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heusser","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ravelo, A. C.","contributorId":24778,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ravelo","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mix, A.","contributorId":39363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mix","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McMahon, A.","contributorId":52998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McMahon","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":5777,"text":"pp1423A - 1999 - The Midwestern Basins and Arches regional aquifer system in parts of Indiana, Ohio, Michigan, and Illinois — Summary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-15T20:15:20.579594","indexId":"pp1423A","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1423","chapter":"A","title":"The Midwestern Basins and Arches regional aquifer system in parts of Indiana, Ohio, Michigan, and Illinois — Summary","docAbstract":"The Midwestern Basins and Arches aquifer system is composed of surficial deposits of Pleistocene and Holocene age and of Silurian and Devonian age carbonate rock in parts of Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, and Ohio. The study area encompasses a complex of structural arches--the Cincinnati, Findlay, and Kankakee arches--and it is bounded on the east, north, and west by the Appalachian, Michigan, and Illinois basins, respectively. This report describes the hydrogeologic framework, hydrology, and geochemistry of the Midwestern Basins and Arches.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Regional aquifer-system analysis - Midwestern Basins and Arches","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp1423A","usgsCitation":"Bugliosi, E.F., 1999, The Midwestern Basins and Arches regional aquifer system in parts of Indiana, Ohio, Michigan, and Illinois — Summary: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1423, vii, 46 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1423A.","productDescription":"vii, 46 p.","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":392963,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_23173.htm"},{"id":32453,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1423a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":123200,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1423a/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -88.76953125,\n              38\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.267,\n              38\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.267,\n              42.47209690919285\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.76953125,\n              42.47209690919285\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.76953125,\n              38\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67b8e6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bugliosi, Edward F. ebuglios@usgs.gov","contributorId":1083,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bugliosi","given":"Edward","email":"ebuglios@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":151569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":24733,"text":"ofr99379 - 1999 - Molecular stratigraphy of the Devonian Domanik Formation, Timan-Pechora Basin, Russia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:22","indexId":"ofr99379","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-379","title":"Molecular stratigraphy of the Devonian Domanik Formation, Timan-Pechora Basin, Russia","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr99379","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Tuttle, M.L., Lillis, P., and Clayton, J., 1999, Molecular stratigraphy of the Devonian Domanik Formation, Timan-Pechora Basin, Russia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-379, 1 v. 87 p.  :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99379.","productDescription":"1 v. 87 p.  :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":157770,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0379/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53771,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0379/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db69929d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tuttle, M. L.","contributorId":71992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tuttle","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lillis, P. G. 0000-0002-7508-1699","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7508-1699","contributorId":17630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lillis","given":"P. G.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":192460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clayton, J.L.","contributorId":76767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clayton","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70069335,"text":"70069335 - 1999 - Water professionals and water policy in the Black Hills region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-24T12:24:17","indexId":"70069335","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T16:07:54","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Water professionals and water policy in the Black Hills region","docAbstract":"A case study approach based on examples from the Black Hills region is used to evaluate the role of water professionals in developing feasible and fair public policy involving water resources. Examples presented include a long-term hydrologic investigation in the Black Hills, a local wellhead protection program, issues being addressed by a local flood management commission, coordination of definitions of beneficial stream uses by two state agencies, water-quality problems related to rapid population increase in a rural area, and impacts of potential climate change on water resources. In some of these examples, the hydrologic work was separated from policy making to ensure neutrality. In other examples, involvement of the hydrologists and water resource engineers directly benefited policy development. Opportunities for increased effectiveness were observed in most of the examples.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Science into policy: water in the public realm: proceedings, specialty conference, June 30-July 2, 1999, Bozeman, Montana","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Science into policy: water in the public realm","conferenceDate":"June 30-July 2, 1999","conferenceLocation":"Bozeman, MT","language":"English","publisher":"American Water Resources Association","publisherLocation":"Bethesda, MD","usgsCitation":"Fontaine, T., Driscoll, D., Erickson, J., Kenner, S., and Sawyer, J., 1999, Water professionals and water policy in the Black Hills region, <i>in</i> Science into policy: water in the public realm: proceedings, specialty conference, June 30-July 2, 1999, Bozeman, Montana, Bozeman, MT, June 30-July 2, 1999, p. 15-20.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"15","endPage":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":280929,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Dakota, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Black Hills","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -104.7766,43.2492 ], [ -104.7766,44.8013 ], [ -103.244,44.8013 ], [ -103.244,43.2492 ], [ -104.7766,43.2492 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd7c1fe4b0b2908510e89b","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Kendy, Eloise","contributorId":18676,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendy","given":"Eloise","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509693,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Fontaine, T.A.","contributorId":81795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fontaine","given":"T.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Driscoll, D.G.","contributorId":27081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Driscoll","given":"D.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Erickson, J.W.","contributorId":55739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erickson","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kenner, S.J.","contributorId":54882,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kenner","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sawyer, J.F.","contributorId":38363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sawyer","given":"J.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70074771,"text":"70074771 - 1999 - Neogene-quaternary Ostracoda and paleoenvironments, of the Limón basin, Costa Rica, and Bocas del Toro basin, Panama","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-15T08:42:25","indexId":"70074771","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T14:59:58","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1142,"text":"Bulletins of American Paleontology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Neogene-quaternary Ostracoda and paleoenvironments, of the Limón basin, Costa Rica, and Bocas del Toro basin, Panama","docAbstract":"<p>Tropical marine ostracodes from Neogene and Quaternary sediments of the Central American Caribbean region have been the subject of biostratigraphic, ecological, taxonomic, and evolutionary studies. As part of the Panama Paleontology Project (PPP), Neogene and Quaternary ostracodes are being studied from the Central American region. The overall goal of this research is to evaluate the impact of the emergence of the Central American Isthmus as a land barrier between the Caribbean/tropical Atlantic and the Pacific oceans on marine ostracode biodiversity and the oceanic environments in which extant ostracodes evolved. Due to the ecological specificity of many living tropical ostracode species, they are ideally suited for reconstructing paleoenvironments on the basis of their occurrence in fossil assemblages, which in turn can lead to a better understanding of the tropical climatic and tectonic history of Central America. The principal aims of this chapter are: (a) to document the composition of the ostracode assemblages from the Lim&oacute;n Basin of Costa Rica and the Bocas del Toro Basin of Panama, two areas yielding extensive ma rine ostracode assemblages; (b) to describe the environments of deposition within these basins; and (c) to document the stratigraphic distribution of potentially agediagnostic ostracode species in the Lim&oacute;n and Bocas del Toro basins in order to enhance their use in Central American biostratigraphy. A secondary, but none-the-less important goal is to assemble a database on the distribution of modem ostracode species in the Caribbean and adjacent areas as a basis for comparison with fossil assemblages. Although the ecological, biostratigraphic and paleoenvironmental conclusions presented here will improve as additional material is studied, these fossil and modem ostracode databases constitute the foundation for future evolutionary and geochernical studies of tropical Caribbean and eastern Pacific Ocean ostracodes. Moreover, we present here evidence that major faunal and oceanic changes occurred in the westem Caribbean over the last 4 million years, probably related to changes in ocean circulation due to the emergence of the Isthmus as well as other climatic events.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletins of American Paleontology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Borne, P., Cronin, T.M., and Hazel, J.E., 1999, Neogene-quaternary Ostracoda and paleoenvironments, of the Limón basin, Costa Rica, and Bocas del Toro basin, Panama: Bulletins of American Paleontology, no. 357, p. 231-250.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"231","endPage":"250","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":281925,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Costa Rica, Panama","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -83.0522,7.2036 ], [ -83.0522,11.22 ], [ -82.55,11.22 ], [ -82.55,7.2036 ], [ -83.0522,7.2036 ] ] ] } } ] }","issue":"357","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd68d0e4b0b290851024cc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Borne, P.F.","contributorId":94217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Borne","given":"P.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cronin, T. M. 0000-0002-2643-0979","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2643-0979","contributorId":42613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cronin","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":489854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hazel, J. E.","contributorId":89187,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hazel","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70074767,"text":"70074767 - 1999 - Climatic impact of glacial cycle polar motion: Coupled oscillations of ice sheet mass and rotation pole position","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-03T14:41:21","indexId":"70074767","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T14:34:58","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climatic impact of glacial cycle polar motion: Coupled oscillations of ice sheet mass and rotation pole position","docAbstract":"Precessional motion of Earth's rotation axis relative to its orbit is a well-known source of long-period climatic variation. It is less well appreciated that growth and decay of polar ice sheets perturb the symmetry of the global mass distribution enough that the geographic location of the rotation axis will change by at least 15 km and possibly as much as 100 km during a single glacial cycle. This motion of the pole will change the seasonal and latitudinal pattern of temperatures. We present calculations, based on a diurnal average energy balance, which compare the summer and winter temperature anomalies due to a 1° decrease in obliquity with those due to a 1° motion of the rotation pole toward Hudson Bay. Both effects result in peak temperature perturbations of about 1° Celsius. The obliquity change primarily influences the amplitude of the seasonal cycle, while the polar motion primarily changes the annual mean temperatures. The polar motion induced temperature anomaly is such that it will act as a powerful negative feedback on ice sheet growth. We also explore the evolution of the coupled system composed of ice sheet mass and pole position. Oscillatory solutions result from the conflicting constraints of rotational and thermal stability. A positive mass anomaly on an otherwise featureless Earth is in rotational equilibrium only at the poles or the equator. The two polar equilibria are rotationally unstable, and the equatorial equilibrium, though rotationally stable, is thermally unstable. We find that with a plausible choice for the strength of coupling between the thermal and rotational systems, relatively modest external forcing can produce significant response at periods of 10<sub>4</sub>–10<sub>6</sub> years, but it strongly attenuates polar motion at longer periods. We suggest that these coupled oscillations may contribute to the observed dominance of 100 kyr glacial cycles since the mid-Pleistocene and will tend to stabilize geographic patterns that are suitable to glaciations.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/1998JB900004","usgsCitation":"Bills, B.G., James, T., and Mengel, J.G., 1999, Climatic impact of glacial cycle polar motion: Coupled oscillations of ice sheet mass and rotation pole position: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 104, no. B1, p. 1059-1075, https://doi.org/10.1029/1998JB900004.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1059","endPage":"1075","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":281915,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/1998JB900004"},{"id":281916,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Earth","volume":"104","issue":"B1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1999-01-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd5149e4b0b290850f3d87","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bills, Bruce G.","contributorId":81793,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bills","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"James, Thomas S.","contributorId":60529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"James","given":"Thomas S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mengel, John G.","contributorId":38891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mengel","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70006882,"text":"70006882 - 1999 - Non-lethal sampling for the detection of <i>Myxobolus cerebralis</i> in asymptomatic rainbow trout","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-30T14:42:25","indexId":"70006882","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T14:10:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"title":"Non-lethal sampling for the detection of <i>Myxobolus cerebralis</i> in asymptomatic rainbow trout","docAbstract":"<p>We have described in previous reports (Schill et al., 1998) the development of a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of 18S ribosomal RNA for the detection of Myxozoan parasites. Oligonucleotide primers were developed by multiple alignment of Myxozoan sequence information and analysis by a custom-written computer program (PRIM). Candidate pairs of primer sequences were then analyzed for specificity by BLAST (Basic Local Alignment Search Tool). From these, a set of promising primers (MYXFWD and MYXREV) was chosen for further testing. These were chosen because they should direct detection of a number of Myxozoan species (Table 1). PCR using MXYFWD and MYXREV proved to be robust and relatively free of artifact products. Further, we were able to routinely detect Myxobolus cerebralis in fish tissues (Figure 1).</p>","largerWorkTitle":"National Whirling Disease Symposium 1999 Missoula, MT","language":"English","publisher":"Whirling Disease Foundation","publisherLocation":"Bozeman, MT","usgsCitation":"Schill, B., Waldrop, T., Densmore, C., and Blazer, V., 1999, Non-lethal sampling for the detection of <i>Myxobolus cerebralis</i> in asymptomatic rainbow trout, p. 235-236.","productDescription":"p. 235-236","startPage":"235","endPage":"236","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289247,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53b286f7e4b07b8813a554ea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schill, Bane","contributorId":49453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schill","given":"Bane","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Waldrop, Thomas","contributorId":56977,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waldrop","given":"Thomas","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Densmore, Christine","contributorId":29312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Densmore","given":"Christine","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Blazer, Vicki 0000-0001-6647-9614","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6647-9614","contributorId":102880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blazer","given":"Vicki","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":355402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70111394,"text":"70111394 - 1999 - Global Seismic Hazard Assessment Program (GSHAP) in continental Asia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-04T12:52:49","indexId":"70111394","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T12:35:30","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":786,"text":"Annali di Geofisica","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Global Seismic Hazard Assessment Program (GSHAP) in continental Asia","docAbstract":"The regional hazard mapping for the whole Eastern Asia was coordinated by the SSB Regional Centre in Beijing, originating from the expansion of the test area initially established in the border region of China-India-Nepal-Myanmar- Bangla Dash, in coordination with the other Regional Centres (JIPE, Moscow, and AGSO, Canberra) and with the direct assistance of the USGS. All Eastern Asian countries have participated directly in this regional effort, with the addition of Japan, for which an existing national hazard map was incorporated. The regional hazard depicts the expected peak ground acceleration with 10% exceedance probability in 50 years.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Annali di Geofisica","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Istituto nazionale di geofisica e vulcanologia","doi":"10.4401/ag-3778","usgsCitation":"Zhang, P., Yang, Z., Gupta, H.K., Bhatia, S.C., and Shedlock, K.M., 1999, Global Seismic Hazard Assessment Program (GSHAP) in continental Asia: Annali di Geofisica, v. 42, no. 6, p. 1167-1190, https://doi.org/10.4401/ag-3778.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"1167","endPage":"1190","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479406,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.4401/ag-3778","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":288076,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":288072,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.4401/ag-3778"},{"id":288074,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.annalsofgeophysics.eu/index.php/annals/article/view/3778"}],"volume":"42","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53903ff0e4b04eea98bf851a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhang, Peizhen","contributorId":20655,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"Peizhen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yang, Zhi-xian","contributorId":23065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yang","given":"Zhi-xian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gupta, Harsh K.","contributorId":29306,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gupta","given":"Harsh","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bhatia, Satish C.","contributorId":56157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bhatia","given":"Satish","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Shedlock, Kaye M.","contributorId":61788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shedlock","given":"Kaye","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70094644,"text":"70094644 - 1999 - Ups and downs in planetary science","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-02T15:54:14.085157","indexId":"70094644","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T10:55:16","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":806,"text":"Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ups and downs in planetary science","docAbstract":"The field of planetary science as it developed during the lifetimes of Gene and Carolyn Shoemaker has sustained a period of exciting growth. Surveying the skies for planet-crossing asteroids and comets and studying the results of their impact upon the planets, especially the Earth, was for Gene and Carolyn an intense and satisfying quest for knowledge. It all started when Gene envisioned man going to the Moon, especially himself. After that, one thing led to another: the study of nuclear craters and a comparison with Meteor Crater, Arizona; the Apollo project and a succession of unmanned space missions to the inner and outer planets; an awareness of cratering throughout our solar system; the search for near-Earth asteroids and comets; a study of ancient craters in Australia; and the impact of Shoemaker-Levy 9 on Jupiter. The new paradigm of impact cratering as a cause for mass extinction and the opening of space for the development of new life forms have been causes to champion.","language":"English","publisher":"Annual Reviews Inc.","publisherLocation":"Palo Alto, CA","doi":"10.1146/annurev.earth.27.1.1","usgsCitation":"Shoemaker, C.S., 1999, Ups and downs in planetary science: Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, v. 27, p. 1-17, https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.earth.27.1.1.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":282620,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd7a5ce4b0b2908510d702","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shoemaker, Carolyn S.","contributorId":39290,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shoemaker","given":"Carolyn","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70094489,"text":"70094489 - 1999 - Geology and environmental geochemistry of mercury and gold deposits in the northern part of the California Coast Range mercury mineral belt","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-20T10:44:42","indexId":"70094489","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T10:18:16","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1778,"text":"Geologic field trips in Northern California: centennial meeting of the Cordilleran Section of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geology and environmental geochemistry of mercury and gold deposits in the northern part of the California Coast Range mercury mineral belt","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geologic field trips in Northern California: centennial meeting of the Cordilleran Section of the Geological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"California Dept. of Conservation, Division of Mines and Geology","usgsCitation":"Rytuba, J.J., and Enderlin, D.A., 1999, Geology and environmental geochemistry of mercury and gold deposits in the northern part of the California Coast Range mercury mineral belt: Geologic field trips in Northern California: centennial meeting of the Cordilleran Section of the Geological Society of America, v. 119, p. 214-234.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"214","endPage":"234","numberOfPages":"21","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":282568,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"California Coast Range","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.48,32.53 ], [ -124.48,42.01 ], [ -114.13,42.01 ], [ -114.13,32.53 ], [ -124.48,32.53 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"119","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd5db3e4b0b290850fb3d4","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Wagner, David L.","contributorId":9934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509810,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Graham, Stephan A.","contributorId":45902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graham","given":"Stephan","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509811,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Rytuba, James J. jrytuba@usgs.gov","contributorId":3043,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rytuba","given":"James","email":"jrytuba@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":490631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Enderlin, Dean A.","contributorId":76223,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Enderlin","given":"Dean","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70174835,"text":"70174835 - 1999 - Multi-criteria decision support system for Bureau of Reclamation reservoir operations / Theme E: multidisciplinary applications and assessment frameworks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-18T13:41:00","indexId":"70174835","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Multi-criteria decision support system for Bureau of Reclamation reservoir operations / Theme E: multidisciplinary applications and assessment frameworks","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Ecohydraulics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"3rd International Conference on Ecohydraulics","conferenceDate":"July 12-16, 1999","conferenceLocation":"Salt Lake City, UT","language":"English","publisher":"International Association for Hydro-Environment Engineering and Research","usgsCitation":"Bowen, Z., Bovee, K., and Waddle, T.J., 1999, Multi-criteria decision support system for Bureau of Reclamation reservoir operations / Theme E: multidisciplinary applications and assessment frameworks, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Ecohydraulics, Salt Lake City, UT, July 12-16, 1999, 10 p.","productDescription":"10 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325370,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":325369,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.iahr.org/site/cms/contentviewarticle.asp?article=663"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"578dfdb5e4b0f1bea0e0f8b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bowen, Z.H.","contributorId":81045,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowen","given":"Z.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bovee, K.D.","contributorId":15954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bovee","given":"K.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Waddle, T. J.","contributorId":52507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waddle","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70022103,"text":"70022103 - 1999 - Use of nitrogen isotopes to determine sources of nitrate contamination in two desert basins in California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-13T16:08:41","indexId":"70022103","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1934,"text":"IAHS-AISH Publication","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of nitrogen isotopes to determine sources of nitrate contamination in two desert basins in California","docAbstract":"<p>Nitrogen-15/14 isotope ratios (δ<sup>15</sup>N) were measured in groundwater, infiltrating wastewater, and natural uncontaminated soil to determine the source of high NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> concentrations in two desert basins at Fort Irwin National Training Center in the Mojave Desert. The abundance and isotopic composition of dissolved nitrogen gas were measured in some of the groundwater samples to determine the effects of denitrification on the abundance and isotopic composition of the NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>. Delta <sup>15</sup>N-NO<sub>3</sub> values in groundwaters most likely to include sewage effluent ranged from about 11 to 23‰. Delta <sup>15</sup>N values in groundwater not near sources of sewage effluent ranged from 6 to 11‰, a range similar to that found in the overlying soils, which contain large concentrations of leachable NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> presumed to be of natural origin. Some of the samples with relatively low NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> concentrations and high δ<sup>15</sup>N values contained excess non-atmospheric nitrogen gas attributed to denitrification. These data indicate that high NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> concentrations in groundwater unaffected by sewage effluent may result from leaching of naturally occurring nitrogen in desert soils, and that some of the NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> may be removed by denitrification at the water table.</p><p>Nitrogen-15/14 isotope ratios (δ<sup>15</sup>N) were measured in groundwater, infiltrating wastewater, and natural uncontaminated soil to determine the source of high NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> concentrations in two desert basins at Fort Irwin National Training Center in the Mojave Desert. The abundance and isotopic composition of dissolved nitrogen gas were measured in some of the groundwater samples to determine the effects of denitrification on the abundance and isotopic composition of the NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>. Delta <sup>15</sup>N-NO<sub>3</sub> values in groundwaters most likely to include sewage effluent ranged from about 11 to 23 per mil. Delta <sup>15</sup>N values in groundwater not near sources of sewage effluent ranged from 6 to 11 per mil, a range similar to that found in the overlying soils, which contain large concentrations of leachable NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>presumed to be of natural origin. Some of the samples with relatively low NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> concentrations and high δ<sup>15</sup>N values contained excess non-atmospheric nitrogen gas attributed to denitrification. These data indicate that high NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> concentrations in groundwater unaffected by sewage effluent may result from leaching of naturally occurring nitrogen in desert soils, and that some of the NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> may be removed by denitrification at the water table.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"IAHS-AISH","issn":"01447815","usgsCitation":"Densmore, J., and Bohlke, J., 1999, Use of nitrogen isotopes to determine sources of nitrate contamination in two desert basins in California: IAHS-AISH Publication, v. 260, p. 63-73.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"63","endPage":"73","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":230852,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","volume":"260","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbf4de4b08c986b329a94","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Densmore, J.N. 0000-0002-5345-6613","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5345-6613","contributorId":100882,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Densmore","given":"J.N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":392373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bohlke, J.K. 0000-0001-5693-6455 jkbohlke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":191103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohlke","given":"J.K.","email":"jkbohlke@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":87208,"text":"87208 - 1999 - The needs of salmon and steelhead in balancing their conservation and use","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":87208,"text":"87208 - 1999 - The needs of salmon and steelhead in balancing their conservation and use","indexId":"87208","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"chapter":"2","title":"The needs of salmon and steelhead in balancing their conservation and use"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70007007,"text":"70007007 - 1999 - Sustainable fisheries management: Pacific salmon","indexId":"70007007","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"title":"Sustainable fisheries management: Pacific salmon"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70007007,"text":"70007007 - 1999 - Sustainable fisheries management: Pacific salmon","indexId":"70007007","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"title":"Sustainable fisheries management: Pacific salmon"},"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-05T10:25:42","indexId":"87208","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"2","title":"The needs of salmon and steelhead in balancing their conservation and use","docAbstract":"<p>Over the past 100 years, Pacific salmon <i>Oncorhynchus</i> spp. and steelhead trout <i>O. mykiss</i> populations in the Pacific Northwest have experienced dramatic declines as a result of human population growth and associated development of the region's natural resources. Any strategy to reverse those declines will depend on achieving consensus among a diverse group of stakeholders willing to (1) restore damaged habitats and watersheds; (2) consider the biological needs of salmonid fishes; and (3) understand, conserve, and manage existing levels of biodiversity within an ecosystem context. The objective of this chapter is to review and summarize the needs of Pacific salmon and steelhead trout from perspectives that promote their sustainability and perpetuity, and, within that context, provide a framework, for the development of a sustainable fisheries strategy. Although volumes of information are available on the life histories and habitat requirements of Pacific salmonids, new concepts have begun to address the importance of habitat complexity, genetic diversity among locally adapted populations, and the need for appropriate units of conservation. Habitat variability and complexity are the templates that produce diverse, locally adapted populations of Pacific salmon and steelhead trout. Molded by conditions in the environments they colonized, salmon and steelhead have unique adaptations they may have taken hundred i?? perhaps thousands i?? of years to evolve. Any strategy to reverse the declines of salmon and steelhead must focus on conserving both current levels of genetic diversity as well as restoration and maintenance of habitats compatible with the specific needs of individual populations. An argument can be made that we know enough already about the needs of our salmon and steelhead to allow us to make appropriate decisions. There is strong need to integrate what we know about local salmonid adaptations and habitat needs with conservation and management strategies that address the problems we have created. It may be possible to have healthy, sustainable salmonid populations coastwide if we do not wait too long to make up our minds.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Sustainable fisheries management: Pacific salmon","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"CRC Press","doi":"10.1201/9781439822678.ch2","isbn":"978-1-4398-2267-8","usgsCitation":"Burger, C.V., 1999, The needs of salmon and steelhead in balancing their conservation and use, chap. 2 <i>of</i> Sustainable fisheries management: Pacific salmon, p. 15-29, https://doi.org/10.1201/9781439822678.ch2.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"15","endPage":"29","costCenters":[{"id":106,"text":"Alaska Biological Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":128403,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-12-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db64997c","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Knudsen, E. Eric","contributorId":104818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knudsen","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"Eric","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":504838,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Steward, Cleveland R.","contributorId":45226,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Steward","given":"Cleveland","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":504840,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"MacDonald, Donald D.","contributorId":176179,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"MacDonald","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":504839,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Williams, Jack E.","contributorId":93774,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Jack","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":504837,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Reiser, Dudley W.","contributorId":114160,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reiser","given":"Dudley","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":504841,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":5}],"authors":[{"text":"Burger, Carl V.","contributorId":152419,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burger","given":"Carl","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":297480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70156318,"text":"70156318 - 1999 - Specific conductance, water temperature, and water level data, San Francisco Bay, California, water year 1998","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-26T16:28:24","indexId":"70156318","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3914,"text":"Interagency Ecological Program Newsletter","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Specific conductance, water temperature, and water level data, San Francisco Bay, California, water year 1998","docAbstract":"<p>Specific conductance and water temperature data are continuously recorded at four sites in San Francisco Bay, California: San Pablo Strait at Point San Pablo, Central San Francisco Bay at Presidio Military Reservation, Pier 24 at Bay Bridge, and South San Francisco Bay at San Mateo Bridge near Foster City (Figure 1). Water level data are recorded only at San Pablo Strait at Point San Pablo. These data were recorded by the Department of Water Resources (DWR) before 1988, by the US Geological Survey (USGS) National Research Program from 1988 to 1989, and by the USGS-DWR cooperative program since 1990. This article presents time-series plots of data from the four sites in San Francisco Bay during water year 1998 (1 October 1997 through 30 September 1998).</p>","publisher":"Interagency Ecological Program for the San Francisco Estuary","usgsCitation":"Buchanan, P.A., 1999, Specific conductance, water temperature, and water level data, San Francisco Bay, California, water year 1998: Interagency Ecological Program Newsletter, v. 12, no. 4, p. 46-53.","productDescription":"8 p","startPage":"46","endPage":"53","numberOfPages":"60","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1997-10-01","temporalEnd":"1998-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308181,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":306957,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.water.ca.gov/iep/products/newsletterPrevious.cfm"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.13088989257814,\n              37.48466628708502\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.3876953125,\n              37.59791208382183\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.41104125976564,\n              37.792422407988575\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.4810791015625,\n              37.791337175930714\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.4810791015625,\n              37.83690319650768\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.31628417968749,\n              37.832564787218985\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.15560913085938,\n              37.67403832629551\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.06771850585939,\n              37.52715361723378\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.13088989257814,\n              37.48466628708502\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55fa92d5e4b05d6c4e501ad7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Buchanan, Paul A. 0000-0002-4796-4734 buchanan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4796-4734","contributorId":1018,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buchanan","given":"Paul","email":"buchanan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":568671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70022293,"text":"70022293 - 1999 - Environmental exposures to agrochemicals in the Sierra Nevada mountain range","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-10T15:31:42.828527","indexId":"70022293","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Environmental exposures to agrochemicals in the Sierra Nevada mountain range","docAbstract":"The release of pesticides into the environment may impact human and environmental health. Despite the need for environmental exposure data, few studies quantify exposures in urban areas and even fewer determine exposures to wildlife in remote areas. Although it is expected that concentrations in remote regions will be low, recent studies suggest that even low concentrations may have deleterious effects on wildlife. Many pesticides are known to interfere with the endocrine systems of humans and wildlife, adversely affecting growth, development, and behavior. This chapter reviews the fate and transport of pesticides applied in the Central Valley of California and quantifies their subsequent deposition into the relatively pristine Sierra Nevada Mountain Range.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Analysis of environmental endocrine disruptors","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/bk-2000-0747.ch005","issn":"00976156","usgsCitation":"LeNoir, J.S., Aston, L., Data, S., Fellers, G., McConnell, L., and Sieber, J., 1999, Environmental exposures to agrochemicals in the Sierra Nevada mountain range, <i>in</i> Analysis of environmental endocrine disruptors, v. 747, p. 53-72, https://doi.org/10.1021/bk-2000-0747.ch005.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"53","endPage":"72","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":230603,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Central Valley, San Joaquin Valley, Sierra Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -118.95996093749999,\n              34.994003757575776\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.751220703125,\n              34.903952965590065\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.311767578125,\n              34.985003130171066\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.72949218749999,\n              35.39800594715108\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.70751953125,\n              35.585851593232356\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.960205078125,\n              36.1733569352216\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.938232421875,\n              36.43896124085945\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.10302734374999,\n              36.61552763134925\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.267822265625,\n              37.046408899699564\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.43261718749999,\n              37.88352498087131\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.003662109375,\n              38.98503278695909\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.02563476562501,\n              40.34654412118006\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.22314453124999,\n              41.16211393939692\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.23388671874999,\n              40.78885994449482\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.9150390625,\n              40.413496049701955\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.59643554687499,\n              39.68182601089365\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.37670898437499,\n              39.11301365149975\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.1240234375,\n              38.591113776147445\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.92626953124999,\n              38.11727165830543\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.46484375,\n              37.579412513438385\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.10229492187501,\n              37.02886944696474\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.59692382812499,\n              36.56260003738545\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.311279296875,\n              35.96911507577482\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.454345703125,\n              35.02999636902566\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.95996093749999,\n              34.994003757575776\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"747","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-07-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a09bbe4b0c8380cd5203b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"LeNoir, James S.","contributorId":23897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LeNoir","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":393033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aston, Linda","contributorId":193650,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Aston","given":"Linda","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":393036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Data, Seema","contributorId":94157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Data","given":"Seema","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":393037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fellers, Gary","contributorId":50458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fellers","given":"Gary","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":393035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McConnell, Laura","contributorId":57411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McConnell","given":"Laura","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":393032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sieber, James","contributorId":37598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sieber","given":"James","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":393034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70022143,"text":"70022143 - 1999 - Potential endocrine disrupting organic chemicals in treated municipal wastewater and river water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-10T16:09:02.191129","indexId":"70022143","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Potential endocrine disrupting organic chemicals in treated municipal wastewater and river water","docAbstract":"Select endocrine disrupting organic chemicals were measured in treated wastewater from Chicago, IL, Minneapolis/St. Paul, MN, Detroit, MI, and Milwaukee, WI, and in the Des Plaines, Illinois, and Minnesota Rivers during the fall of 1997 and the spring of 1998. Emphasis was given to alkylphenolpolyethoxylate (APEO) derived compounds, although 17-??-estradiol, bisphenol A, caffeine, total organic carbon, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), and other compounds also were measured. Contaminants were isolated by continuous liquid-liquid extraction (CLLE) with methylene chloride and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry in full scan and selected ion monitoring modes. The extracts were derivatized to form the methyl esters of alkylphenolethoxycarboxylates (APEC), and EDTA was isolated by evaporation and derivatized to form the tetrapropyl ester. The mass spectra of nonylphenol (NP) and octylphenol (OP) compounds are complex and show variations among the different ethoxylate and carboxylate homologs, reflecting variations in the ethylene oxide chain length. Recoveries for target compounds and surrogate standards ranged from 20-130%, with relative standard deviations of 9.9-53%. Detection limits for the various compounds ranged from 0.06-0.35 ??g/L. Analysis of the wastewater effluents detected a number of compounds including NP, NPEO, OP, OPEO, NPEC, caffeine, and EDTA at concentrations ranging from <1-439 ??g/L, with EDTA and NPEC being most abundant. There was variability in compound distributions and concentrations between the various sewage treatment plants, indicating differences in treatment type and influent composition. Several wastewater-derived compounds were detected in the river samples, with EDTA and NPEC persisting for considerable distance downstream from wastewater discharges, and NP and NPEO being attenuated more rapidly.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Analysis of environmental endocrine disruptors","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/bk-2000-0747.ch007","issn":"00976156","usgsCitation":"Barber, L.B., Brown, G.K., and Zaugg, S.D., 1999, Potential endocrine disrupting organic chemicals in treated municipal wastewater and river water, <i>in</i> Analysis of environmental endocrine disruptors, v. 747, p. 97-123, https://doi.org/10.1021/bk-2000-0747.ch007.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"97","endPage":"123","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":230855,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois, Michigan, Minnesota, Wisconsin","city":"Chicago, Detroit, Milwaukee, Minneapolis, St. Paul","otherGeospatial":"Des Plains River, Illinois River, Minnesota River, Twin Cities","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -93.4771728515625,\n              44.85197466334984\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.9498291015625,\n              44.85197466334984\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.9498291015625,\n              45.1394300814679\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.4771728515625,\n              45.1394300814679\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.4771728515625,\n              44.85197466334984\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -88.05541992187499,\n              42.958432625269474\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.84942626953125,\n              42.958432625269474\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.84942626953125,\n              43.12103377575541\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.05541992187499,\n              43.12103377575541\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.05541992187499,\n              42.958432625269474\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -87.94830322265625,\n              41.65649719441145\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.49786376953125,\n              41.65649719441145\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.49786376953125,\n              42.03093424950211\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.94830322265625,\n              42.03093424950211\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.94830322265625,\n              41.65649719441145\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -83.3148193359375,\n              42.07580094787546\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.8314208984375,\n              42.07580094787546\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.8314208984375,\n              42.56521874494336\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.3148193359375,\n              42.56521874494336\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.3148193359375,\n              42.07580094787546\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -90.60287475585938,\n              39.889718875996685\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.59600830078125,\n              39.83174093314556\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.67840576171875,\n              39.69873414348139\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.60150146484375,\n              39.54852980171147\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.65505981445312,\n              39.37040245787161\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.6317138671875,\n              39.28860847419942\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.62896728515625,\n              39.18862643257856\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.648193359375,\n              39.157752153690964\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.60562133789062,\n              38.98823513440445\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.56991577148438,\n              38.93911655592929\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.52459716796875,\n              38.92095542046727\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.49163818359375,\n              38.94125285438687\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.46142578125,\n              38.98236405342508\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.53009033203125,\n              38.974891064341726\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.5500030517578,\n              39.02131757437681\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.56304931640625,\n              39.074110680545374\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.59532165527344,\n              39.15615483953391\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.57266235351562,\n              39.1854331703021\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.57746887207031,\n              39.24342147595056\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.59944152832031,\n              39.3746488816007\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.58433532714844,\n              39.45528185347343\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.55412292480469,\n              39.54217596171196\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.57609558105469,\n              39.604101082126846\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.60630798339844,\n              39.66438516223039\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.61935424804688,\n              39.70877138781409\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.58708190917969,\n              39.78321267821705\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.55068969726561,\n              39.826995115497404\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.56785583496094,\n              39.87074966913789\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.56510925292969,\n              39.88128876522249\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.52665710449217,\n              39.91026292816486\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.51979064941406,\n              39.93869836991711\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.49781799316406,\n              39.96238554917605\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.49644470214844,\n              39.98501230042296\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.3955078125,\n              40.02025300564682\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.36460876464844,\n              40.057052221322\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.33233642578124,\n              40.060731050581396\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.28495788574217,\n              40.09067983779908\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.24101257324219,\n              40.111688665595956\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.19912719726561,\n              40.12429084831405\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.17509460449219,\n              40.15788524950653\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.12565612792969,\n              40.194085603043305\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.11466979980469,\n              40.222927124178\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.06248474121094,\n              40.272715386988686\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.04737854003906,\n              40.310948849735\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.0274658203125,\n              40.34026396683983\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.96635437011719,\n              40.37113576255027\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.92652893066405,\n              40.406176423413704\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.88189697265625,\n              40.44015366986629\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.82627868652344,\n              40.487692978918865\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.76722717285156,\n              40.51954115033359\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.73976135253905,\n              40.54146060871528\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.71435546875,\n              40.522150985623796\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.68894958496094,\n              40.52423878069866\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.62303161621092,\n              40.58423507588185\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.62783813476562,\n              40.60769725157612\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.61204528808594,\n              40.63844629557923\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.55780029296875,\n              40.670222795307346\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.52964782714844,\n              40.694175391548754\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.52415466308594,\n              40.7508982634657\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.5220947265625,\n              40.79353864997009\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.51385498046874,\n              40.81900581806558\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.50355529785156,\n              40.83043687764923\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.47402954101561,\n              40.863679665481676\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.44450378417969,\n              40.867833841384936\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.44450378417969,\n              40.89223436192512\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.40193176269531,\n              40.92129557815866\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.41978454589842,\n              40.944639085793064\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.41223144531249,\n              40.977306138896886\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.39300537109375,\n              41.043627491573055\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.35935974121094,\n              41.06692773019345\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.31953430175781,\n              41.10212132036491\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.3023681640625,\n              41.134710325232795\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.29962158203125,\n              41.16159699608577\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.32228088378906,\n              41.209655278807034\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.3463134765625,\n              41.229281845547625\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.3243408203125,\n              41.290705883574134\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.27696228027344,\n              41.30515020233036\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.16847229003906,\n              41.30050773444147\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.15611267089844,\n              41.304634388885916\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.10667419433594,\n              41.304634388885916\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.08950805664062,\n              41.304634388885916\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.07508850097656,\n              41.31443414659223\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.05723571777344,\n              41.31082388091818\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.00779724121094,\n              41.32010701725659\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.9508056640625,\n              41.29844430929419\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.92127990722655,\n              41.3072134153051\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.890380859375,\n              41.31082388091818\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.87733459472656,\n              41.30360274975627\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.85948181152344,\n              41.304634388885916\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.84849548339844,\n              41.3304200625732\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.80455017089844,\n              41.32938883149378\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.73863220214844,\n              41.31752850088952\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.68370056152344,\n              41.304634388885916\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.65074157714844,\n              41.304634388885916\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.63151550292969,\n              41.290189955885644\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.6102294921875,\n              41.288126204331704\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.58413696289062,\n              41.29534904916866\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.55255126953125,\n              41.313918406594375\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.49143981933594,\n              41.326810682382565\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.3911895751953,\n              41.35258758253156\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.31565856933594,\n              41.38144559777753\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.27995300292969,\n              41.38917324986403\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.23326110839844,\n              41.374232293915426\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.21952819824217,\n              41.3850519497068\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.20030212402344,\n              41.409775832009565\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.16802978515625,\n              41.42007467380591\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.15704345703124,\n              41.437578957201275\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.15635681152344,\n              41.46022455330045\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.10829162597656,\n              41.48594858993134\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.08219909667969,\n              41.49777821871642\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.06640625,\n              41.56562822121977\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.05130004882812,\n              41.58309321017146\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.04100036621094,\n              41.65598416994607\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.97920227050781,\n              41.67445047616417\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.94761657714844,\n              41.68470724661066\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.94830322265625,\n              41.70777900286713\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.99842834472656,\n              41.6929114859334\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.06297302246092,\n              41.66778269875833\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.07807922363281,\n              41.64931448003169\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.07945251464842,\n              41.62262881463783\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.09249877929688,\n              41.572306568724365\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.09249877929688,\n              41.54867239252432\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.10279846191405,\n              41.51628982244004\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.1268310546875,\n              41.498292501398545\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.15910339355469,\n              41.48080459927738\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.18107604980469,\n              41.465884717221364\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.17764282226562,\n              41.44735870701866\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.187255859375,\n              41.43860847395721\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.21678161621094,\n              41.430371882652814\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.231201171875,\n              41.41595533303718\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.24424743652344,\n              41.39432450769634\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.25042724609374,\n              41.402565671186686\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.29574584960938,\n              41.410805789669816\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.37127685546875,\n              41.38814294931545\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.44062805175781,\n              41.35825713137813\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.48869323730469,\n              41.347948493443546\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.52989196777344,\n              41.33866932357447\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.57109069824219,\n              41.32474808964128\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.61503601074219,\n              41.31082388091818\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.66447448730469,\n              41.32423243125432\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.74687194824219,\n              41.3391848676998\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.79493713378906,\n              41.34897943069752\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.86222839355469,\n              41.35619553438905\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.94119262695312,\n              41.333513657873205\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.98651123046875,\n              41.34485558373632\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.11697387695312,\n              41.34588656996287\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.17739868164062,\n              41.33145127732965\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.24057006835936,\n              41.33454482366021\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.31472778320312,\n              41.33660710626423\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.35455322265625,\n              41.31494988250965\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.40673828125,\n              41.24993502644133\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.40948486328125,\n              41.193123075718695\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.38339233398438,\n              41.17762034260712\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.35043334960938,\n              41.12798693490564\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.43832397460938,\n              41.06899846310619\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.44656372070312,\n              41.04828819952275\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.45480346679688,\n              40.99855696412671\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.48226928710936,\n              40.962270932280745\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.49874877929688,\n              40.92285206859968\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.52346801757812,\n              40.88133311333721\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.57427978515625,\n              40.82939777183173\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.593505859375,\n              40.78574062435701\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.56741333007812,\n              40.72644570551446\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.62509155273438,\n              40.6827208759455\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.64431762695312,\n              40.65147128144057\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.68276977539062,\n              40.587885288417915\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.73358154296875,\n              40.57745558120849\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.85855102539062,\n              40.560764667193595\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.90798950195312,\n              40.52319489128985\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.94781494140625,\n              40.491870649809165\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.96978759765625,\n              40.45217227681351\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.967041015625,\n              40.43022363450862\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.99176025390625,\n              40.41035916448923\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.05218505859375,\n              40.38839687388361\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.0714111328125,\n              40.34235741658335\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.09063720703124,\n              40.31513750307456\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.13458251953125,\n              40.26066474660846\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.15106201171875,\n              40.26904802805884\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.20050048828125,\n              40.23026664265011\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.2252197265625,\n              40.18411931650585\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.22384643554688,\n              40.16418235037417\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.27191162109375,\n              40.16942948827397\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.38589477539062,\n              40.143189742924406\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.42022705078125,\n              40.089629226126405\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.45181274414062,\n              40.0717663466261\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.45181274414062,\n              40.03812939078128\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.53970336914062,\n              39.99605985169435\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.53558349609375,\n              39.97185812402583\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.60287475585938,\n              39.889718875996685\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -94.06082153320312,\n              44.1418123377033\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.99284362792969,\n              44.16595211868415\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.00520324707031,\n              44.236836364702555\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.98185729980469,\n              44.27962093426134\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.922119140625,\n              44.33170718680922\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.93791198730469,\n              44.39110764485529\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.89877319335938,\n              44.47446108518852\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.87542724609375,\n              44.51903083890047\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.88229370117188,\n              44.567969302679685\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.87336730957031,\n              44.591445152471834\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.80126953124999,\n              44.6188216638084\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.69964599609374,\n              44.640811296864676\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.67835998535156,\n              44.67597738099192\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.60626220703124,\n              44.69452866008004\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.61450195312499,\n              44.73795445686983\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.56163024902344,\n              44.782809789027425\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.50738525390625,\n              44.79401818087074\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.41537475585938,\n              44.779885502772736\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.33778381347656,\n              44.77208668197081\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.24783325195311,\n              44.79255634014767\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.17298889160156,\n              44.85100108620399\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.23684692382812,\n              44.85197466334984\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.27117919921874,\n              44.82324721919215\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.36250305175781,\n              44.80230124552821\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.41812133789062,\n              44.82032498188776\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.45588684082031,\n              44.823734244342546\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.52798461914062,\n              44.8198379279367\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.56849670410156,\n              44.81204450516513\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.62068176269531,\n              44.78475923091046\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.6639404296875,\n              44.73795445686983\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.65776062011719,\n              44.71161010858431\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.779296875,\n              44.65204722540161\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.85757446289062,\n              44.63397097045478\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.92005920410156,\n              44.5880221814057\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.92349243164062,\n              44.55622782328973\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.91731262207031,\n              44.507769173110226\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.94821166992188,\n              44.46270074783461\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.99147033691406,\n              44.39601407929594\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.96331787109375,\n              44.338583048023104\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.98597717285156,\n              44.31156609834011\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.01687622070312,\n              44.29141809546585\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.04640197753906,\n              44.26093725039923\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.03541564941405,\n              44.19845131792901\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.03541564941405,\n              44.17777208215703\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.07112121582031,\n              44.173339873464684\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.13978576660156,\n              44.20288163884399\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.21875,\n              44.2230599961937\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.30526733398438,\n              44.25601950434298\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.40071105957031,\n              44.28404514735239\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.44671630859375,\n              44.344476001665214\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.50302124023436,\n              44.374913492661456\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.58541870117188,\n              44.389635634309236\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.63691711425781,\n              44.40778784362525\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.70283508300781,\n              44.439663223436106\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.76394653320312,\n              44.465151013519616\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.82917785644531,\n              44.49895417752395\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.89097595214844,\n              44.52539516561384\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.94865417480469,\n              44.543994595789485\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.03517150878906,\n              44.569925985528336\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.09353637695312,\n              44.593890008383674\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.15670776367188,\n              44.62859586258382\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.21369934082031,\n              44.66181582895677\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.25009155273438,\n              44.676953912213165\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.27961730957031,\n              44.669629526920104\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.29678344726562,\n              44.679395168267874\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.30639648437499,\n              44.700873786431515\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.3668212890625,\n              44.71063416158254\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.41419982910156,\n              44.745757885700236\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.45608520507812,\n              44.75551069059177\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.49110412597656,\n              44.779885502772736\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.4876708984375,\n              44.78963254761407\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.51307678222656,\n              44.810583121135906\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.57212829589844,\n              44.848567071337264\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.62980651855469,\n              44.88409347642901\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.71357727050781,\n              44.940987325341624\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.7183837890625,\n              44.98714175309689\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.85639953613281,\n              45.076429982283855\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.94223022460938,\n              45.08709642547449\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.05072021484375,\n              45.17526062079539\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.10359191894531,\n              45.198006155983606\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.19354248046875,\n              45.233316306787266\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.26289367675781,\n              45.232349197513095\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.30821228027344,\n              45.26135531683859\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.36383056640625,\n              45.27295361736122\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.40228271484375,\n              45.26957102450825\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.43798828125,\n              45.301456032374574\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.4544677734375,\n              45.2574886900362\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.17980957031249,\n              45.1646106517254\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.8447265625,\n              44.94924926661153\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.48492431640624,\n              44.70770622183535\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.52911376953125,\n              44.33170718680922\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.44122314453124,\n              44.24519901522129\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.06082153320312,\n              44.1418123377033\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -88.23532104492186,\n              41.410290812880795\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.21815490722656,\n              41.430886700228896\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.2147216796875,\n              41.448388068628866\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.19480895996094,\n              41.46022455330045\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.19206237792969,\n              41.495206744049845\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.15635681152344,\n              41.558435382625774\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.20510864257812,\n              41.58822907289363\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.16116333007812,\n              41.64059153582049\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.17008972167969,\n              41.67598909594535\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.13987731933594,\n              41.6944496643259\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.09318542480469,\n              41.69547509615208\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.05198669433594,\n              41.71034202043942\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.06434631347656,\n              41.80203073088394\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.04443359375,\n              41.8148259912181\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.01834106445312,\n              41.850639123649636\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.06915283203125,\n              41.84859319874276\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.1048583984375,\n              41.801006999656636\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.08357238769531,\n              41.73391698749624\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.14537048339844,\n              41.725717979972345\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.19480895996094,\n              41.6908605241911\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.20579528808594,\n              41.661114230707746\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.25180053710938,\n              41.58360681482734\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.20236206054688,\n              41.553297150595185\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.22982788085938,\n              41.52245918082221\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.231201171875,\n              41.474631271477776\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.25729370117188,\n              41.44272637767212\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.23532104492186,\n              41.410290812880795\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"747","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-07-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7ef3e4b0c8380cd7a82c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barber, Larry B. 0000-0002-0561-0831 lbbarber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0561-0831","contributorId":921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barber","given":"Larry","email":"lbbarber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":392522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brown, Greg K.","contributorId":8554,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Greg","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":392521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zaugg, Steven D. sdzaugg@usgs.gov","contributorId":768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zaugg","given":"Steven","email":"sdzaugg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":392523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
]}