This report describes how to build a model of the outer 300 km (180 miles) of the Earth that can be used to develop a better understanding of the principal features of plate tectonics, including sea-floor spreading, the pattern of magnetic stripes frozen into the sea floor, transform faulting, thrust faulting, subduction, and volcanism. In addition to a paper copy of this report, the materials required are a cardboard shoebox, glue, scissors, straight edge, and safety razor blade.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Denver, CO","doi":"10.3133/ofr99132","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Lahr, J., 1999, How to build a model illustrating sea-floor spreading and subduction: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-132, 16 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99132.","productDescription":"16 p. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":154918,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0132/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":1684,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/ofr-99-0132/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":52913,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0132/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a54e4b07f02db62bd1e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lahr, J.C.","contributorId":34892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lahr","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":23625,"text":"ofr9967 - 1999 - Simulation of the effects of operating lakes Mendota, Monona, and Waubesa, south-central Wisconsin, as multipurpose reservoirs to maintain dry-weather flow","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-15T13:29:50","indexId":"ofr9967","displayToPublicDate":"1999-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-67","title":"Simulation of the effects of operating lakes Mendota, Monona, and Waubesa, south-central Wisconsin, as multipurpose reservoirs to maintain dry-weather flow","docAbstract":"A digital reservoir routing model was used to simulate the operation of Lakes Mendota, Monona, and Waubesa, south-central Wisconsin for various levels of minimum release. Twenty-five years of record (1970?94) were used in model simulation. The amount of water available to maintain streamflow and lake levels during dry periods has declined because of extensive pumping of ground water for municipal use and diversion of the effluent around the lakes. The goal of the simulation was to determine whether using the lakes as multipurpose reservoirs to maintain flow during periods of low flow would appreciably lower the lake levels. The model results indicated that it would be possible to maintain a minimum flow of 36 cubic feet per second in all but the driest years simulated (1970, 1976, 1977, 1981, 1989, and 1991) without lowering the lake levels more than they have been lowered from 1970 to 1994 under current operating conditions. Maintaining minimum flow would require detailed computations to guide the operation of the dams during the year.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr9967","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Krug, W., 1999, Simulation of the effects of operating lakes Mendota, Monona, and Waubesa, south-central Wisconsin, as multipurpose reservoirs to maintain dry-weather flow: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-67, iv, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9967.","productDescription":"iv, 18 p.","numberOfPages":"21","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":154913,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0067/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":1665,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr99-067","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":52902,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0067/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","county":"Dane County","otherGeospatial":"Lake Mendota, Lake Menona, Lake Waubesa","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.59075927734375,\n 42.896088552971065\n ],\n [\n -89.59075927734375,\n 43.180145655844626\n ],\n [\n -89.0936279296875,\n 43.180145655844626\n ],\n [\n -89.0936279296875,\n 42.896088552971065\n ],\n [\n -89.59075927734375,\n 42.896088552971065\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f7e4b07f02db5f1da6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Krug, W.R.","contributorId":23147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krug","given":"W.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":25903,"text":"wri964287 - 1999 - Hydrogeology and geochemistry of acid mine drainage in ground water in the vicinity of Penn Mine and Camanche Reservoir, Calaveras County, California: Summary report, 1993–95","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-10T20:33:07.717133","indexId":"wri964287","displayToPublicDate":"1999-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-4287","title":"Hydrogeology and geochemistry of acid mine drainage in ground water in the vicinity of Penn Mine and Camanche Reservoir, Calaveras County, California: Summary report, 1993–95","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri964287","usgsCitation":"Alpers, C.N., Hamlin, S.N., and Hunerlach, M., 1999, Hydrogeology and geochemistry of acid mine drainage in ground water in the vicinity of Penn Mine and Camanche Reservoir, Calaveras County, California: Summary report, 1993–95: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4287, vi, 59 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri964287.","productDescription":"vi, 59 p.","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":394130,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_16450.htm"},{"id":119074,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4287/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54662,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4287/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Calaveras County","otherGeospatial":"vicinity of Penn Mine and Camanche Reservoir","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.88,\n 38.229\n ],\n [\n -120.873,\n 38.229\n ],\n [\n -120.873,\n 38.236\n ],\n [\n -120.88,\n 38.236\n ],\n [\n -120.88,\n 38.229\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4de4b07f02db627164","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Alpers, Charles N. 0000-0001-6945-7365 cnalpers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6945-7365","contributorId":411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alpers","given":"Charles","email":"cnalpers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":195453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hamlin, S. N.","contributorId":46560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamlin","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hunerlach, M. P.","contributorId":73646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunerlach","given":"M. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":34942,"text":"b2170 - 1999 - Methods of generating synthetic acoustic logs from resistivity logs for gas-hydrate-bearing sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:26","indexId":"b2170","displayToPublicDate":"1999-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2170","title":"Methods of generating synthetic acoustic logs from resistivity logs for gas-hydrate-bearing sediments","docAbstract":"Methods of predicting acoustic logs from resistivity logs\r\nfor hydrate-bearing sediments are presented. Modified time\r\naverage equations derived from the weighted equation provide a\r\nmeans of relating the velocity of the sediment to the resistivity of\r\nthe sediment. These methods can be used to transform resistivity\r\nlogs into acoustic logs with or without using the gas hydrate\r\nconcentration in the pore space. All the parameters except the\r\nunconsolidation constants, necessary for the prediction of acoustic\r\nlog from resistivity log, can be estimated from a cross plot of\r\nresistivity versus porosity values. Unconsolidation constants in\r\nequations may be assumed without rendering significant errors\r\nin the prediction. These methods were applied to the acoustic\r\nand resistivity logs acquired at the Mallik 2L-38 gas hydrate\r\nresearch well drilled at the Mackenzie Delta, northern Canada.\r\nThe results indicate that the proposed method is simple and\r\naccurate.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/b2170","usgsCitation":"Lee, M.W., 1999, Methods of generating synthetic acoustic logs from resistivity logs for gas-hydrate-bearing sediments (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 2170, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/b2170.","productDescription":"11 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":163050,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3383,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/b2170/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0be4b07f02db5fc03a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, Myung W. mlee@usgs.gov","contributorId":779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Myung","email":"mlee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":213853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":22499,"text":"ofr99514 - 1999 - Puget Sound aeromagnetic maps and data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:07","indexId":"ofr99514","displayToPublicDate":"1999-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-514","title":"Puget Sound aeromagnetic maps and data","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"The Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr99514","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Blakely, R.J., Wells, R., and Weaver, C.S., 1999, Puget Sound aeromagnetic maps and data (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-514, multiple online maps and data files, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99514.","productDescription":"multiple online maps and data files","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":1553,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/of99-514/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":155607,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a90e4b07f02db655ab1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blakely, Richard J. 0000-0003-1701-5236 blakely@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1701-5236","contributorId":1540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blakely","given":"Richard","email":"blakely@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":188358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wells, Ray E. 0000-0002-7796-0160 rwells@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7796-0160","contributorId":2692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wells","given":"Ray E.","email":"rwells@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":188360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Weaver, Craig S. craig@usgs.gov","contributorId":2690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weaver","given":"Craig","email":"craig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":188359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":23973,"text":"ofr99172_ver1 - 1999 - Preliminary Digital Geologic Map of the Santa Ana 30' x 60' Quadrangle, Southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:01","indexId":"ofr99172_ver1","displayToPublicDate":"1999-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-172","title":"Preliminary Digital Geologic Map of the Santa Ana 30' x 60' Quadrangle, Southern California","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"The Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr99172_ver1","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Morton, D.M., digital preparation by Hauser, R.M., and Ruppert, K.R., 1999, Preliminary Digital Geologic Map of the Santa Ana 30' x 60' Quadrangle, Southern California (version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-172, database, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99172_ver1.","productDescription":"database","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":154992,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":1671,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/of99-172/version1/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e705","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morton, D. M. (compiler)","contributorId":106148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morton","given":"D.","suffix":"(compiler)","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"digital preparation by Hauser, Rachel M.","contributorId":27485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"digital preparation by Hauser","given":"Rachel","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ruppert, Kelly R.","contributorId":49396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruppert","given":"Kelly","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":22267,"text":"ofr9966 - 1999 - Water-quality assessment of the eastern Iowa basins: Data, September 1995 through September 1996","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-01T21:39:08.495779","indexId":"ofr9966","displayToPublicDate":"1999-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-66","title":"Water-quality assessment of the eastern Iowa basins: Data, September 1995 through September 1996","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey began data-collection activities in the Eastern Iowa Basins study unit of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program in September 1995 with the purpose of determining the status and trends in water quality. Surface-water data were collected, beginning in March 1996, on a monthly basis with occasional extra high- and low-flow samples. Data collected from 12 sites on rivers and streams in the study unit included determinations of the physical properties and concentrations of nutrients, major ions, organic carbon, trace elements, suspended sediment, and dissolved pesticides. Data collected at four additional sites included physical parameters and determination of the concentration of dissolved pesticides. In addition, bed-sediment and fish-tissue samples were collected at 16 sites and analyzed for trace elements and hydrophobic pesticides. There were two ground-water studies conducted in June and July 1996. The first looked at the quality of ground water in the Silurian-Devonian and Upper Carbonate aquifers and sampled 33 wells once, and the second examined the effects of agriculture on shallow ground water of the Iowa River alluvial aquifer and sampled 23 wells once. Ground-water samples were analyzed for physical properties, nutrients, major ions, organic carbon, trace elements, dissolved pesticides, and volatile organic compounds.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr9966","usgsCitation":"Akers, K.K., Schnoebelen, D.J., Savoca, M.E., Roberts, L.R., and Becher, K., 1999, Water-quality assessment of the eastern Iowa basins: Data, September 1995 through September 1996: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-66, viii, 154 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9966.","productDescription":"viii, 154 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":154466,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":1351,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/ofr99-066/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":409038,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_22511.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa, Minnesota","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.24169921875,\n 41.85319643776675\n ],\n [\n -90.439453125,\n 41.64828831259535\n ],\n [\n -90.758056640625,\n 41.508577297439324\n ],\n [\n -91.153564453125,\n 41.44272637767212\n ],\n [\n -91.219482421875,\n 41.236511201246216\n ],\n [\n -91.0546875,\n 40.979898069620155\n ],\n [\n -91.241455078125,\n 40.75557964275591\n ],\n [\n -91.614990234375,\n 40.74725696280421\n ],\n [\n -91.856689453125,\n 40.68896903762434\n ],\n [\n -92.373046875,\n 40.979898069620155\n ],\n [\n -92.70263671874999,\n 41.20345619205129\n ],\n [\n -93.09814453125,\n 41.409775832009565\n ],\n [\n -93.50463867187499,\n 41.52502957323801\n ],\n [\n -93.702392578125,\n 41.73852846935917\n ],\n [\n -93.966064453125,\n 41.9921602333763\n ],\n [\n -93.97705078125,\n 42.26917949243506\n ],\n [\n -93.80126953124999,\n 42.391008609205045\n ],\n [\n -93.7353515625,\n 42.53689200787317\n ],\n [\n -93.71337890625,\n 42.73894375124379\n ],\n [\n -93.922119140625,\n 43.02874525134882\n ],\n [\n -94.09790039062499,\n 43.23719944365308\n ],\n [\n -94.053955078125,\n 43.476840397778915\n ],\n [\n -93.75732421875,\n 43.67581809328341\n ],\n [\n -93.515625,\n 43.874138181474734\n ],\n [\n -93.09814453125,\n 43.59630591596548\n ],\n [\n -92.43896484375,\n 43.1090040242731\n ],\n [\n -92.318115234375,\n 42.89206418807337\n ],\n [\n -92.16430664062499,\n 42.819580715795915\n ],\n [\n -92.032470703125,\n 42.53689200787317\n ],\n [\n -91.790771484375,\n 42.374778361114195\n ],\n [\n -91.47216796875,\n 42.17968819665961\n ],\n [\n -91.175537109375,\n 42.00032514831621\n ],\n [\n -90.867919921875,\n 41.934976500546604\n ],\n [\n -90.802001953125,\n 41.78769700539063\n ],\n [\n -90.5712890625,\n 41.73852846935917\n ],\n [\n -90.24169921875,\n 41.85319643776675\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","tableOfContents":"Abstract
Introduction
Purpose and Scope
Description of the Eastern Iowa Basins
Implementation of Water-Quality Studies
Surface-Water-Quality Data Collection
Sampling Sites
Surface-Water Sample
Biologic Sample Collection
Analytical Procedures
Ground-Water-Quality Data
Geohydrology
Site Selection
Ground-Water Sample
Analytical Procedures
Water-Quality Analysis and Quality Control
Surface Water
Biology
Ground Water
Acknowledgments
Selected References
Hydrologic and Biologic Data
This ARC/Info coverage, derived from the USGS Mineral Resource Data System (MRDS), contains 60,490 records that fall within the states of Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, New Mexico, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington, Wyoming. The dataset has 13 fields containing information on record identification, location, commodity, geology, and deposit type. The data for this report was retrieved from the master database as a tab text file and imported into a Microsoft Access database. The data was then imported into ESRI’s ArcView where shape files were created. These shape files were then converted into an ARC/INFO coverage.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr99169","usgsCitation":"Frank, D.G., 1999, An ARC/Info point coverage of Mineral Resource Data System (MRDS) locations in eleven western states: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-169, Report: 14 p., Metadata, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99169.","productDescription":"Report: 14 p., Metadata","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":403665,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_16674.htm"},{"id":284617,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0169/westmrds.zip"},{"id":284616,"rank":4,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0169/westmrds.met"},{"id":284618,"rank":2,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0169/mrdsplot.aml"},{"id":52429,"rank":7,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0169/pdf/of99-169.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":156595,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0169/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":1477,"rank":6,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0169/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"1250000","country":"United States","state":"Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, New Mexico, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington, Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.461,\n 31.329\n ],\n [\n -102.044,\n 31.329\n ],\n [\n -102.044,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -124.461,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -124.461,\n 31.329\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4c51e4b0b290850f0e6b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frank, David G. dfrank@usgs.gov","contributorId":3274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frank","given":"David","email":"dfrank@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":189365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":38092,"text":"ofr99160 - 1999 - Preliminary report on the International Energy Agency mode of occurrence inter-laboratory comparison; Phase I, USGS results","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-31T13:32:40","indexId":"ofr99160","displayToPublicDate":"1999-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-160","title":"Preliminary report on the International Energy Agency mode of occurrence inter-laboratory comparison; Phase I, USGS results","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr99160","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Palmer, C., Kolker, A., Willett, J.C., Mroczkowski, S.J., Finkelman, R.B., Taylor, K., Dulong, F., and Bullock, J.H., 1999, Preliminary report on the International Energy Agency mode of occurrence inter-laboratory comparison; Phase I, USGS results: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-160, 48 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99160.","productDescription":"48 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":162902,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0160/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":64354,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0160/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66ca04","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Palmer, Curtis A.","contributorId":46967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Palmer","given":"Curtis A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":218858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kolker, Allan 0000-0002-5768-4533 akolker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5768-4533","contributorId":643,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolker","given":"Allan","email":"akolker@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":218854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Willett, Jason C. 0000-0002-7598-3174 jwillett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-3174","contributorId":3516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willett","given":"Jason","email":"jwillett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":218857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mroczkowski, Stanley J. 0000-0001-8026-6025 smroczko@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8026-6025","contributorId":2628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mroczkowski","given":"Stanley","email":"smroczko@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":218860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Finkelman, Robert B.","contributorId":85951,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finkelman","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":218856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Taylor, K.C.","contributorId":10470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"K.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":218855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dulong, F.T.","contributorId":81490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dulong","given":"F.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":218861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Bullock, J. H. Jr.","contributorId":55012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bullock","given":"J.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":218859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":22263,"text":"ofr9998 - 1999 - Water-quality and lake-stage data for Wisconsin lakes, water year 1998","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-06T12:33:24","indexId":"ofr9998","displayToPublicDate":"1999-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-98","title":"Water-quality and lake-stage data for Wisconsin lakes, water year 1998","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with local and other agencies, collects data at selected lakes throughout Wisconsin. These data, accumulated over many years, provide a data base for developing an improved understanding of the water quality of lakes. To make these data available to interested parties outside the USGS, the data are published annually in this report series. The location of water-quality and lake-stage stations in Wisconsin for water year 1998 are shown in figure 1. A water year is the 12-month period from October 1 through September 30. It is designated by the calendar year in which it ends. Thus, the period October 1, 1997 through September 30, 1998 is called \"water year 1998.\"
\nThe purpose of this report is to provide information about the chemical and physical characteristics of Wisconsin lakes. Data that have been collected at specific lakes, and information to aid in the interpretation of those data, are included in this report. Data collected include measurements of in-lake water quality and lake stage. Time series of Secchi depths, surface total phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations collected during non-frozen periods are usually included for lakes with two or more years of data. Graphs of vertical profiles of temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, and specific conductance are included for sites where these parameters were measured. Descriptive information for each lake includes: location of the lake, area of the lake's watershed, period for which data are available, revisions to previously published records, and pertinent remarks. Additional data, such as streamflow and water quality in tributary and outlet streams of some of the lakes, are published in another volume: \"Water Resources Data- Wisconsin, 1998.\"
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F.","contributorId":54143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elder","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Garn, H.S.","contributorId":42601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garn","given":"H.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Goddard, G. L.","contributorId":10442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goddard","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Marsh, S.B.","contributorId":105329,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marsh","given":"S.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Olson, D.L.","contributorId":34943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olson","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rose, W. J.","contributorId":14433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":22913,"text":"ofr99258 - 1999 - Physical, chemical, and biological data for two sites on the upper Kenai River, Alaska, 1998","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:03","indexId":"ofr99258","displayToPublicDate":"1999-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-258","title":"Physical, chemical, and biological data for two sites on the upper Kenai River, Alaska, 1998","docAbstract":"Water-quality data were collected and stream characteristics were documented from two sites along the upper Kenai River in the Kenai National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska. These data were collected to describe the current status of the sites and to provide baseline information from which changes in the future could be evaluated. Physical characteristics included channel geometry surveys, and measurements of channel widths and water discharge at each site. Chemical data included stream water temperature, dissolved-oxygen concentration, pH, specific conductance, E. coli and fecal coliform counts, and nutrient concentration. Data on concentrations of trace elements and various organic compounds in bed sediments and the tissue of slimy sculpin were also collected. Biological characteristics were evaluated using measurements of the bacteria, benthic macroinvertebrate, and fish communities.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr99258","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Dorava, J.M., and Ness, L., 1999, Physical, chemical, and biological data for two sites on the upper Kenai River, Alaska, 1998: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-258, iv, 49 p. ill., maps ;28 cm.; 9 illus.; 10 tables, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99258.","productDescription":"iv, 49 p. ill., maps ;28 cm.; 9 illus.; 10 tables","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":156011,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0258/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52318,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0258/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adbe4b07f02db685a8c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dorava, Joseph M.","contributorId":87125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dorava","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ness, Lee","contributorId":44581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ness","given":"Lee","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":22357,"text":"ofr99167 - 1999 - 1995 national assessment of United States oil and gas resources; province incremental cost schedules","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:51","indexId":"ofr99167","displayToPublicDate":"1999-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-167","title":"1995 national assessment of United States oil and gas resources; province incremental cost schedules","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr99167","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Attanasi, E.D., 1999, 1995 national assessment of United States oil and gas resources; province incremental cost schedules: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-167, i, 55 p. :maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99167.","productDescription":"i, 55 p. :maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":154538,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0167/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":51762,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0167/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4917e4b0b290850eee11","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Attanasi, E. D. 0000-0001-6845-7160","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6845-7160","contributorId":107672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Attanasi","given":"E.","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":35179,"text":"b2162 - 1999 - Colorado Yule Marble; building stone of the Lincoln Memorial","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:33","indexId":"b2162","displayToPublicDate":"1999-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2162","title":"Colorado Yule Marble; building stone of the Lincoln Memorial","docAbstract":"The Colorado Yule marble, quarried in Marble, Colo.,\r\nis a very pure white marble, and it has been widely\r\nacclaimed for its quality and purity. This marble has been\r\nused for many prominent buildings; one of the most notable\r\nis the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C., built nearly\r\n80 years ago. Although most of the marble in the memorial\r\nappears to be in very good condition, some of the stones\r\nhave developed pronounced surficial roughness and show a\r\nsignificant loss of carved details and rounded edges\r\ncompared with adjacent stones. Because adjacent blocks of\r\nmarble receive nearly identical exposure to weathering\r\nagents that cause deterioration of the marble, it seems very\r\nlikely that this pronounced difference in durability of\r\nadjacent stones arises from some inherent characteristic of\r\nthe marble.\r\nThe Colorado Yule marble is a nearly pure calcite marble\r\nwith minor inclusions of mica, quartz, and feldspar.\r\nCompositions of the calcite and the inclusion phases in the\r\nmarble are typical for those phases. The calcite grains that\r\ncompose the marble are irregularly shaped and range from\r\n100 to 600 micrometers in diameter. The texture of the marble\r\nis even, with a slight preferred directional elongation\r\nthat is visible when the marble is cut in certain directions.\r\nPhysical tests of the marble show that its strength is comparable\r\nto that of other marbles typically used in buildings.\r\nVariations in the durability of the marble, like those\r\nseen at the Lincoln Memorial, are not related to variations in\r\ncalcite composition or to the presence of inclusions in the\r\nmarble. Most likely, the variations arise from differences in\r\nthe calcite grain boundaries and the degree to which the\r\ngrains interlock with one another. Weak grain boundaries\r\nthat permit water or solutions to penetrate into the marble\r\nand dissolve the calcite grains at their edges cause the marble\r\nto disaggregate or ?sugar.? Subtle differences in texture\r\nthat occur in the marble from various parts of the quarry\r\nprobably cause some stones to be more susceptible to this\r\nform of deterioration. These differences may not be readily\r\nvisible when the stone is freshly quarried.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ; Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/b2162","usgsCitation":"McGee, E.S., 1999, Colorado Yule Marble; building stone of the Lincoln Memorial (version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 2162, vi, 43 p. ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/b2162.","productDescription":"vi, 43 p. ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":3394,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pdf/bulletin/b2162/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":167785,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"edition":"version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae80c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McGee, Elaine S.","contributorId":50496,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGee","given":"Elaine","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":214208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":6556,"text":"fs00899 - 1999 - Connecticut","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:53","indexId":"fs00899","displayToPublicDate":"1999-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"008-99","title":"Connecticut","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/fs00899","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1999, Connecticut: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 008-99, 1 folded sheet ([4] p.) : col. ill., col. maps ; 28 cm. col. ill., col. maps ;, https://doi.org/10.3133/fs00899.","productDescription":"1 folded sheet ([4] p.) : col. ill., col. maps ; 28 cm. col. ill., col. maps ;","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":117825,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_008_99.bmp"},{"id":846,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/FS/FS-008-99","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b13e4b07f02db6a3204","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":528718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":34252,"text":"b2171 - 1999 - Last interglacial sea-surface temperature estimates from the California margin; improvements to the modern analog technique","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:42","indexId":"b2171","displayToPublicDate":"1999-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2171","title":"Last interglacial sea-surface temperature estimates from the California margin; improvements to the modern analog technique","docAbstract":"Total faunal analyses of planktic foraminifer assemblages are used to derive sea surface temperature estimates for the last interglacial from Ocean Drilling Program Sites 1018 and 1020 off northern and central California. Foraminifer assemblage data were transformed to sea-surface temperature (SST) estimates by using the modern analog technique (MAT). In order to improve our ability to estimate SST in this area, the coretop calibration data base used in the MAT was augmented by 13 new age-validated coretop assemblages from the U.S. Pacific Margin.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/b2171","usgsCitation":"Dowsett, H.J., and Poore, R.Z., 1999, Last interglacial sea-surface temperature estimates from the California margin; improvements to the modern analog technique (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 2171, 4 figs., https://doi.org/10.3133/b2171.","productDescription":"4 figs.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":166356,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3391,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bulletin/b2171/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8da7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dowsett, Harry J. 0000-0003-1983-7524 hdowsett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1983-7524","contributorId":949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dowsett","given":"Harry","email":"hdowsett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":212686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Poore, Richard Z. rpoore@usgs.gov","contributorId":345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poore","given":"Richard","email":"rpoore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":212685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":32216,"text":"ofr99173 - 1999 - The Washington and Oregon mid-shelf silt deposit and its relation to the late Holocene Columbia River sediment budget","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-25T09:35:49","indexId":"ofr99173","displayToPublicDate":"1999-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-173","title":"The Washington and Oregon mid-shelf silt deposit and its relation to the late Holocene Columbia River sediment budget","docAbstract":"The purpose of this report is to compile and analyze existing data which lend support to the development of a sediment budget for the Columbia River, coastal, and offshore regions of southwest Washington. This will contribute to the construction of a sediment budget model which will reflect sediment sources, depocenters, and the sediment contribution to each region. The Columbia River is the source of modern sediment for the beaches of southwest Washington. Development of the sediment budget is necessary to understand the long term effects that reduction in sediment supply has on present day areas of sediment erosion and accumulation in the region. Figure 1 describes the origin, distribution, and thickness of the Mid-Shelf Silt Deposit (MSSD) based on analysis of seismic data acquired between 1976-1980 (Wolf et al., 1997). Sediment volumes deposited during the past 5000 years were calculated for each of the physiographic areal compartments shown in Figure 2. Table 1 organizes the data from Figures 1 and 2 into tabular form. This table provides a representation of the percent volume and weight of sediment types which contribute to the estimated Columbia River sediment budget. The compartments shown in Figure 2 are color coordinated with Table 1.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr99173","usgsCitation":"Wolf, S.C., Nelson, H., Hamer, M.R., Dunhill, G., and Phillips, R.L., 1999, The Washington and Oregon mid-shelf silt deposit and its relation to the late Holocene Columbia River sediment budget (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-173, Report: 60.00 x 36.00 inches; Report GIF, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99173.","productDescription":"Report: 60.00 x 36.00 inches; Report GIF","costCenters":[{"id":641,"text":"Water Science Center Office - Tacoma","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":163255,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr99173.jpg"},{"id":3176,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0173/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":284650,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0173/images/map.gif"},{"id":284648,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0173/pdf/of99-173.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"California;Oregon;Washington","otherGeospatial":"Colombia River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -130.0,40.0 ], [ -130.0,48.0 ], [ -122.0,48.0 ], [ -122.0,40.0 ], [ -130.0,40.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd775ee4b0b2908510b7e0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wolf, Stephen C.","contributorId":38148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolf","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nelson, Hans","contributorId":46942,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Hans","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hamer, Michael R.","contributorId":10471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamer","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dunhill, Gita","contributorId":36169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunhill","given":"Gita","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Phillips, R. Lawrence","contributorId":81478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"Lawrence","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":32212,"text":"ofr99138 - 1999 - Geologic map of the Shumway Reservoir Quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:15","indexId":"ofr99138","displayToPublicDate":"1999-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-138","title":"Geologic map of the Shumway Reservoir Quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr99138","usgsCitation":"Evans, J.G., and Binger, G.B., 1999, Geologic map of the Shumway Reservoir Quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-138, 15 p., 1 over-size sheet, scale 1:24,000 (1 inch = 2,000 feet). , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99138.","productDescription":"15 p., 1 over-size sheet, scale 1:24,000 (1 inch = 2,000 feet). ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":109012,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_18903.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"18903"},{"id":163251,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0138/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":60307,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0138/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":60308,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0138/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"24000","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae6e4b07f02db68b70e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Evans, J. G.","contributorId":60214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Binger, G. B.","contributorId":87188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Binger","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":32209,"text":"ofr99100 - 1999 - Potentiometric surface of the upper Floridan aquifer in the St. Johns River Water Management District and vicinity, Florida, September 1998","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-08T23:05:33.011452","indexId":"ofr99100","displayToPublicDate":"1999-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-100","title":"Potentiometric surface of the upper Floridan aquifer in the St. Johns River Water Management District and vicinity, Florida, September 1998","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr99100","usgsCitation":"Bradner, L.A., 1999, Potentiometric surface of the upper Floridan aquifer in the St. Johns River Water Management District and vicinity, Florida, September 1998: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-100, 1 Plate: 31.00 × 53.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99100.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 31.00 × 53.00 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":391499,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_18912.htm"},{"id":19668,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0100/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":163156,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"1","country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"St. Johns River Water Management District and vicinity","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.75,\n 26.887\n ],\n [\n -80,\n 26.887\n ],\n [\n -80,\n 31\n ],\n [\n -82.75,\n 31\n ],\n [\n -82.75,\n 26.887\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad4e4b07f02db682ca1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bradner, L. A.","contributorId":21925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradner","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70757,"text":"fs15699 - 1999 - Deep Aquifer Remediation Tools (DARTs): A new technology for ground-water remediation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-03T09:51:46","indexId":"fs15699","displayToPublicDate":"1999-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"156-99","title":"Deep Aquifer Remediation Tools (DARTs): A new technology for ground-water remediation","docAbstract":"Potable ground-water supplies throughout the world are contaminated or threatened by advancing plumes containing radionuclides, metals, and organic compounds. Currently (1999), the most widely used method of ground-water remediation is a combination of extraction, ex-situ treatment, and discharge of the treated water, commonly known as pump and treat. Pump-and-treat methods are costly and often ineffective in meeting long-term protection standards (Travis and Doty, 1990; Gillham and Burris, 1992; National Research Council, 1994). This fact sheet describes a new and potentially cost-effective technology for removal of organic and inorganic contaminants from ground water. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is currently exploring the possibilities of obtaining a U.S. Patent for this technology.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs15699","usgsCitation":"Naftz, D.L., and Davis, J.A., 1999, Deep Aquifer Remediation Tools (DARTs): A new technology for ground-water remediation: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 156-99, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs15699.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":121069,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_156_99.jpg"},{"id":6652,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://online.wr.usgs.gov/techtransfer/fs156_99.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db6725ca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Naftz, David L. 0000-0003-1130-6892 dlnaftz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1130-6892","contributorId":1041,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naftz","given":"David","email":"dlnaftz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":282985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Davis, James A. III","contributorId":45403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"James","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":282986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":64948,"text":"i2431 - 1999 - Lithologic, age group, magnetopolarity, and geochemical maps of the Springerville Volcanic Field, east-central Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-14T14:05:32.630058","indexId":"i2431","displayToPublicDate":"1999-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2431","title":"Lithologic, age group, magnetopolarity, and geochemical maps of the Springerville Volcanic Field, east-central Arizona","docAbstract":"The Springerville volcanic field is one of the many late Pliocene to Holocene, mostly basaltic, volcanic fields present near the Colorado Plateau margin (fig. 1, in pamphlet). The field overlies the lithospheric transition zone between the Colorado Plateau and the Basin and Range Province (Condit and others, 1989b). Establishing relations in time, space, and composition of the rocks of these plateau-margin fields offers the possibility to integrate more fully into a regional synthesis the detailed geochemistry of these fields now being examined (for example, Perry and others, 1987; Fitton and others, 1988; Menzies and others, 1991). The work also provides baseline information for understanding mantle properties and processes at different depths and locations. Because the Springerville field is the southernmost of the plateau-margin fields, and because it contains both tholeiitic and alkalic rocks (tables 1 and 2, in pamphlet), it is a particularly important location for establishing these patterns in time, space, and composition.
\nOur four thematic maps of the Springerville field were compiled by using digital mapping techniques so that associated petrologic and chemical data could be conveniently included in a geographic information system for one of the plateau-margin fields. Parts of these maps have been included in Condit (1995), a stand-alone Macintosh2 computer program that takes advantage of their digital format.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/i2431","isbn":"060792814X","usgsCitation":"Condit, C.D., Crumpler, L., and Aubele, J.C., 1999, Lithologic, age group, magnetopolarity, and geochemical maps of the Springerville Volcanic Field, east-central Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 2431, Pamphlet: 53 p.; 3 Sheets: 56.58 x 38.32 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/i2431.","productDescription":"Pamphlet: 53 p.; 3 Sheets: 56.58 x 38.32 inches or smaller","numberOfPages":"53","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286244,"rank":7,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/i2431.jpg"},{"id":109872,"rank":10,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_22658.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"22658"},{"id":91466,"rank":9,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2431/pdf/i2431pamphlet.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":6090,"rank":8,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2431/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":286240,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2431/pdf/i2431sh4.pdf","text":"Sheet 4"},{"id":286239,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2431/pdf/i2431sh3.pdf","text":"Sheet 3"},{"id":286243,"rank":1,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2431/i2431sh4.ps"},{"id":286242,"rank":2,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2431/i2431sh3.ps"},{"id":286241,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2431/i2431sh2.ps"},{"id":286238,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2431/pdf/i2431sh2.pdf","text":"Sheet 2"}],"scale":"100000","country":"United States","state":"Arizona","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -110.1670,34.0000 ], [ -110.1670,34.5000 ], [ -109.2500,34.5000 ], [ -109.2500,34.0000 ], [ -110.1670,34.0000 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db635adf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Condit, Christopher D.","contributorId":37328,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Condit","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":272411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Crumpler, Larry S.","contributorId":25460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crumpler","given":"Larry S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":272409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Aubele, Jayne C.","contributorId":29735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aubele","given":"Jayne","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":272410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70021400,"text":"70021400 - 1999 - Ten-year growth response of young Douglas-fir to variable density varnishleaf ceanothus and herb competition","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-18T23:01:40.569238","indexId":"70021400","displayToPublicDate":"1999-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3744,"text":"Western Journal of Applied Forestry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ten-year growth response of young Douglas-fir to variable density varnishleaf ceanothus and herb competition","docAbstract":"The effect of different densities of varnishleaf ceanothus (Ceanothus velutinus var. laevigatus) and herbaceous vegetation control on stem diameter, height, and volume of plantation Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii vat. menziesii) seedlings was examined during the 10 yr following planting. Initial densities of ceanothus ranged between 0 and 15,000 seedlings/ha and were obtained by interplanting ceanothus germinants or chemical thinning after clearcutting and broadcast-burning. Herbaceous vegetation control was achieved by a single application of glyphosate following planting, with shrub seedlings covered. Ceanothus density in the range of 0 to 6,750 plants/ha did not have an effect on Douglas-fir diameter, height, or volume at age 10; however, Douglas-fir growth was significantly decreased when ceanothus densities reached 15,000 plants/ha. Ten years after planting, Douglas-fir volume in the treatments with 6,750 ceanothus/ha or less was 1.7 times greater than that in the 15,000 ceanothus/ha treatment. On the other hand, removal of herbaceous vegetation after planting significantly increased tree diameter, height, and volume, regardless of ceanothus density. Even 10 yr after the application of the treatment, trees without early herb competition grew faster and had mean dbh, height, and volume that were 1.02 cm, 0.55 m, and 12.98 dm³/tree greater respectively than those with herbs. Thus, a treatment at plantation establishment to control herbaceous vegetation and to reduce ceanothus density to less than 7,000 plants/ha will ensure an increase in growth and stocking for at least 10 yr.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of American Foresters","doi":"10.1093/wjaf/14.4.208","issn":"08856095","usgsCitation":"Monleon, V., Newton, M., Hooper, C., and Tappeiner, J.C., 1999, Ten-year growth response of young Douglas-fir to variable density varnishleaf ceanothus and herb competition: Western Journal of Applied Forestry, v. 14, no. 4, p. 208-213, https://doi.org/10.1093/wjaf/14.4.208.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"208","endPage":"213","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":501364,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/wjaf/14.4.208","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":229871,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba53ae4b08c986b3208d9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Monleon, V.J.","contributorId":32322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Monleon","given":"V.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Newton, M.","contributorId":79442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newton","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hooper, C.","contributorId":88516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hooper","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tappeiner, J. C. II","contributorId":103235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tappeiner","given":"J.","suffix":"II","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}