This report presents the results of a study conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Missouri Department of Conservation to describe the hydrology, sediment transport, and sediment deposition along a selected reach of Long Branch Creek in Macon County, Missouri. The study was designed to investigate spatial and temporal characteristics of sediment deposition in a remnant forested riparian area and compare these factors by magnitude of discharge events both within and outside the measured range of flood magnitudes.
The two-dimensional finite-element numerical models RMA2-WES and SED2D-WES were used in conjunction with measured data to simulate streamflow and sediment transport/deposition characteristics during 2-, 5-, 10-, and 25-year recurrence interval floods. Spatial analysis of simulated sediment deposition results indicated that mean deposition in oxbows and secondary channels exceeded that of the remaining floodplain areas during the 2-, 5-, 10-, and 25-year recurrence interval floods. The simulated mass deposition per area for oxbows and secondary channels was 1.1 to 1.4 centimeters per square meter compared with 0.1 to 0.60 centimeters per square meter for the remaining floodplain.
The temporal variability of total incremental floodplain deposition during a flood was found to be strongly tied to sediment inflow concentrations. Most floodplain deposition, therefore, occurred at the beginning of the streamflow events and corresponded to peaks in sediment discharge. Simulated total sediment deposition in oxbows and secondary channels increased in the 2-year through 10-year floods and decreased in the 25- year flood while remaining floodplain deposition was highest for the 25-year flood.
Despite increases in sediment inflows from the 2-year through 25-year floods, the retention ratio of sediments (the ratio of floodplain deposition to inflow load) was greatest for the 5-year flood and least for the 25-year flood. The decrease in retention ratio at greater flows is likely the result of higher velocities on the floodplain, resulting in higher bed shear stress, greater suspension time of deposited material, and greater sediment transport through the system.
Simulated sediment deposition was most sensitive to sediment inflow concentrations and modification of floodplain roughness—factors that can be controlled through management practices. The increase in floodplain sediment deposition resulting from a simulated increase in vegetation density (increase in floodplain roughness from a Manning's n of 0.11 to 0.12) was 142,000 kilograms, or 6.5 percent for a 10-year recurrence interval flood. This increase was comparable to total oxbow and secondary channel deposition mass in the simulations, but would result in a mean increase in floodplain deposition thickness of only 0.025 centimeter.
The hydrodynamic model results show the importance of the secondary channels and meander cutoff channels in this system because these areas quickly bring floodwaters and sediment to areas not close to the main channel. The meander cutoff channels in the simulation also effectively decrease flow and velocities in some main channel sections thereby affecting sediment deposition in the vicinity of these features.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri014269","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Missouri Department of Conservation","usgsCitation":"Heimann, D.C., 2001, Numerical simulation of streamflow distribution, sediment transport, and sediment deposition along Long Beach Creek in Northeast Missouri: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4269, Report: vi, 61 p.; Films, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri014269.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 61 p.; Films","costCenters":[{"id":396,"text":"Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":400788,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_51426.htm"},{"id":360438,"rank":3,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4269/Films","text":"Films","description":"WRIR 2001–4269 Films"},{"id":360437,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4269/wrir20014269.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRIR 2001–4269"},{"id":164388,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4269/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","otherGeospatial":"Long Branch Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.4944,\n 39.8833\n ],\n [\n -92.4833,\n 39.8833\n ],\n [\n -92.4833,\n 39.8722\n ],\n [\n -92.4944,\n 39.8722\n ],\n [\n -92.4944,\n 39.8833\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Central Midwest Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1400 Independence Road
Rolla, MO 65401
Residents of the southern New Jersey Coastal Plain are increasingly reliant on the unconfined Kirkwood-Cohansey aquifer system for public water supply as a result of increasing population and restrictions on withdrawals from the deeper, confined aquifers. Elevated nitrate concentrations above background levels have been found in wells in the surficial aquifer system in agricultural and urban parts of this area. A three-dimensional steady-state ground-water-flow model of a 400-square-mile study area near Glassboro, New Jersey, was used in conjunction with particle tracking to examine the effects of land use and travel time on the distribution of nitrate in ground and surface water in southern New Jersey. Contributing areas and ground-water ages, or travel times, of water at ground-water discharge points (streams and wells) in the study area were simulated. Concentrations of nitrate were computed by linking land use and age-dependent nitrate concentrations in recharge to the discharge points. Median concentrations of nitrate in water samples collected during 1996 from shallow monitoring wells in different land-use areas were used to represent the concentration of nitrate in aquifer recharge since 1990. On the basis of upward trends in the use of nitrogen fertilizer, the concentrations of nitrate in aquifer recharge in agricultural and urban areas were assumed to have increased linearly from the background value in 1940 (0.07 mg/L as N) to the 1990 (2.5-14 mg/L as N) concentrations. Model performance was evaluated by comparing the simulation results to measured nitrate concentrations and apparent ground-water ages. Apparent ground-water ages at 32 monitoring wells in the study area determined from tritium/helium-3 ratios and sulfur hexafluoride concentrations favorably matched simulated travel times to these wells. Simulated nitrate concentrations were comparable to concentrations measured in 27 water-supply wells in the study area. A time series (1987-98) of nitrate concentrations at base-flow conditions in three streams that drain basins of various sizes and with various land uses was compared to simulated concentrations in these streams. In all three of the streams, a reasonable fit to the measured concentrations was achieved by multiplying the simulated concentration by 0.6. Because nitrate appeared to move conservatively (not degraded or adsorbed) in ground water to wells, the apparent non-conservative behavior in streams indicates that about 40 percent of the nitrate in aquifer recharge is removed by denitrification in the aquifer near the streams and (or) by in-stream processes. The model was used to evaluate the effects of various nitrate management options on the concentration of nitrate in streams and water-supply wells. Nitrate concentrations were simulated under the following management alternatives: an immediate ban on nitrate input, reduction of input at a constant rate, and fixed input at the current (2000) level. The time required for water to move through the aquifer results in a time lag between the reduction of nitrate input in recharge and the reduction of nitrate concentration in streams and wells. In the gradual-reduction alternative, nitrate concentrations in streams and wells continued to increase for several years after the reduction was enacted. In both the immediate-ban and gradual-reduction alternatives, nitrate concentrations remained elevated above background concentrations long after nitrate input ceased. In the fixed-use alternative, concentrations in streams and wells continued to increase for 30 to 40 years before reaching a constant level. The spatial distributions of simulated nitrate concentrations in streams in 2000 and 2050 were examined with the assumption of no change in land use, nitrate concentration in recharge, or ground-water withdrawals. As expected, nitrate concentrations were highest in agricultural areas and lowest in largely undeveloped areas.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri20014117","usgsCitation":"Kauffman, L.J., Baehr, A.L., Ayers, M.A., and Stackelberg, P.E., 2001, Effects of land use and travel time on the distribution of nitrate in the Kirkwood-Cohansey aquifer system in southern New Jersey: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4117, vii, 49 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri20014117.","productDescription":"vii, 49 p.","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":161222,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":11816,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri01-4117/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -76,38.5 ], [ -76,40.5 ], [ -73.5,40.5 ], [ -73.5,38.5 ], [ -76,38.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ae4b07f02db6250e2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kauffman, Leon J. 0000-0003-4564-0362 lkauff@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4564-0362","contributorId":1094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kauffman","given":"Leon","email":"lkauff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":209793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baehr, Arthur L.","contributorId":104523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baehr","given":"Arthur","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":209795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ayers, Mark A.","contributorId":84730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ayers","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":209794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stackelberg, Paul E. 0000-0002-1818-355X pestack@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1818-355X","contributorId":1069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stackelberg","given":"Paul","email":"pestack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":209792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":31561,"text":"ofr01419 - 2001 - Selected hydrologic data for Cedar Valley, Iron County, southwestern Utah, 1930-2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-11T09:50:45","indexId":"ofr01419","displayToPublicDate":"2002-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-419","title":"Selected hydrologic data for Cedar Valley, Iron County, southwestern Utah, 1930-2001","docAbstract":"This report presents hydrologic data collected by the U. S. Geological Survey from 1930 to 2001 with emphasis on data collected from 1997 to 2001 as part of a study of ground-water resources in Cedar Valley, Iron County, southwestern Utah (fig. 1). Data collected prior to this study are also presented to show long-term trends. Data were collected during this study in cooperation with the Central Iron County Water Conservancy District; Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Resources; Utah Department of Environmental Quality, Division of Water Quality; Cedar City; and Enoch City; as part of a study to better understand the ground-water resources of Cedar Valley and to assess possible effects of increased ground-water withdrawal on water quality. Quality of ground water in Cedar Valley is variable and water suppliers need to know if additional water resources can be developed without drawing water of lower quality into public-supply wells.
Cedar Valley is in central Iron County at the transitional boundary between the Basin and Range and Colorado Plateau physiographic provinces described by Hunt (1974) and covers about 570 mi2. Additional data from wells west of Cedar Valley and to the south in the vicinity of Kanarraville in the Virgin River drainage (Colorado River Basin) adjacent to the study area are included. Cedar Valley is bounded on the east by the Markagunt Plateau and Red Hills, on the southwest by the Harmony Mountains, on the west by a complex of low hills, and on the north by the Black Mountains. Altitudes in the study area range from about 5,300 ft in Mud Spring Canyon to about 10,400 ft at Blowhard Mountain to the east.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Salt Lake City, UT","doi":"10.3133/ofr01419","usgsCitation":"Howells, J.H., Mason, J.L., and Slaugh, B.A., 2001, Selected hydrologic data for Cedar Valley, Iron County, southwestern Utah, 1930-2001: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-419, Report: iv, 81 p.; 3 Plates: 18.90 x 26.00 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr01419.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 81 p.; 3 Plates: 18.90 x 26.00 inches or smaller","numberOfPages":"87","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":161174,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":339529,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr01-419/PDf/plate3.pdf","text":"Plate 3","size":"1.5 MB","linkHelpText":"Map showing location of surface water sites where streamflow was measured for seepage estimates, Cedar Valley, Iron County, southwestern Utah"},{"id":339530,"rank":6,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr01-419/PDf/OF01419.pdf","size":"5.1 MB"},{"id":339528,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr01-419/PDf/plate2.pdf","text":"Plate 2","size":"241 KB","linkHelpText":"Map showing location of selected wells and surface-water sites where water-quality data were collected, Cedar Valley, Iron County, southwestern Utah"},{"id":2769,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr01-419/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":339527,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr01-419/PDf/plate1.pdf","text":"Plate 1","size":"7.0 MB","linkHelpText":"Map showing location of selected wells used for water-level measurements, Cedar Valely, Iron County, southwestern Utah"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","county":"Iron County","otherGeospatial":"Cedar Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.8333,\n 37.6\n ],\n [\n -113.3333,\n 37.6\n ],\n [\n -113.3333,\n 38.13333\n ],\n [\n -112.8333,\n 38.13333\n ],\n [\n -112.8333,\n 37.6\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48f2e4b07f02db55a612","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Howells, James H. jhowells@usgs.gov","contributorId":969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howells","given":"James","email":"jhowells@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":206389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mason, James L.","contributorId":14397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mason","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":206390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Slaugh, Bradley A. baslaugh@usgs.gov","contributorId":966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slaugh","given":"Bradley","email":"baslaugh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":206388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":30989,"text":"wri014226 - 2001 - Hydrologic conditions and budgets for the Black Hills of South Dakota, through water year 1998","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:00","indexId":"wri014226","displayToPublicDate":"2002-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-4226","title":"Hydrologic conditions and budgets for the Black Hills of South Dakota, through water year 1998","docAbstract":"The Black Hills are an important recharge area for aquifers in the northern Great Plains. The surface-water hydrology of the area is highly influenced by interactions with the Madison and Minnelusa aquifers, including large springs and streamflow loss zones. Defining responses of ground water and streamflow to a variety of hydrogeologic influences is critical to development of hydrologic budgets for ground- and surface-water systems. \r\n\r\nHydrographs for 52 observation wells and 1 cave site are used to show ground-water response to cumulative precipitation departures. Aquifers considered include the Precambrian, Deadwood, Madison, Minnelusa, Minnekahta, and Inyan Kara aquifers, with wells completed in the Inyan Kara aquifer generally showing small response to precipitation patterns. Many wells completed in the other aquifers have large short- and long-term fluctuations in water levels. Madison and Minnelusa wells in the southern Black Hills show a general tendency for smaller water-level fluctuations than in other areas. \r\n\r\nStreamflow characteristics and relations with precipitation are examined for 33 gaging stations representative of five different hydrogeologic settings that are identified. The ?limestone headwater? setting occurs within outcrops of the Madison Limestone and Minnelusa Formation along the ?Limestone Plateau,? where direct runoff is uncommon and streamflow consists almost entirely of base flow originating as ground-water discharge from headwater springs. Thus, variability in daily, monthly, and annual flow is small. Annual streamflow correlates poorly with precipitation; however, consideration of ?moving averages? (involving up to 11 years of annual precipitation data for some stations) improves relations substantially.\r\n\r\nThe ?crystalline core? area is encircled by the outcrop band of the Madison and Minnelusa Formations and is dominated by igneous and metamorphic rocks. Base flow ranges from about 41 to 73 percent for representative streams; however, monthly flow records demonstrate shortterm response to precipitation, which probably indicates a relatively large component of interflow. Streamflow generally correlates well with annual precipitation, with r2 values ranging from 0.52 to 0.87.\r\n\r\nDowngradient from the crystalline core area is the ?loss zone? setting, where streamflow losses occur to outcrops of the Madison and Minnelusa Formations. Relations between streamflow and annual precipitation are defined by a power equation for the only two representative gages in this setting. The loss zone and ?artesian spring? areas are combined because many artesian springs are located along stream channels that are influenced by streamflow losses and several artesian springs are within outcrops of the Minnelusa Formation. Streamflow characteristics for artesian springs generally have small variability and poor correlations with annual precipitation because of large influence from relatively stable ground-water discharge. The ?exterior? setting is located downgradient from the outcrop of the Inyan Kara Group, which coincides with the outer extent of the loss zone/artesian spring setting. Large flow variability is characteristic for this setting, and base flow generally is smaller than for other settings. \r\n\r\nBasin yields are highly variable, with the largest yields occurring in high-altitude areas of the northern Black Hills that receive large annual precipitation. Relations between annual yield efficiency and precipitation were applied by previous investigators in developing a method for estimating annual precipitation recharge, based on annual precipitation. The resulting ?yield-efficiency algorithm? compares spatial distributions for annual precipitation, average annual precipitation, and efficiency of basin yield. This algorithm is applied in estimating precipitation recharge on aquifer outcrops and in estimating streamflow yield from various outcrop areas, for purposes of developing average hydrologic budgets ","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri014226","usgsCitation":"Driscoll, D.G., and Carter, J.M., 2001, Hydrologic conditions and budgets for the Black Hills of South Dakota, through water year 1998: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4226, vi, 143 p. : ill. (some col.), maps (some col.) ; 28 cm. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri014226.","productDescription":"vi, 143 p. : ill. (some col.), maps (some col.) ; 28 cm. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":160022,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":2982,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri014226/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad5e4b07f02db6835bb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Driscoll, Daniel G. dgdrisco@usgs.gov","contributorId":1558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Driscoll","given":"Daniel","email":"dgdrisco@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":204530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carter, Janet M. 0000-0002-6376-3473 jmcarter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6376-3473","contributorId":339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"Janet","email":"jmcarter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":204529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":30691,"text":"fs07501 - 2001 - Characterizing ground-water chemistry and hydraulic properties of fractured-rock aquifers using the multifunction Bedrock-Aquifer Transportable Testing Tool (BAT3)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-06T15:04:25.105207","indexId":"fs07501","displayToPublicDate":"2002-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"075-01","title":"Characterizing ground-water chemistry and hydraulic properties of fractured-rock aquifers using the multifunction Bedrock-Aquifer Transportable Testing Tool (BAT3)","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs07501","usgsCitation":"Shapiro, A., 2001, Characterizing ground-water chemistry and hydraulic properties of fractured-rock aquifers using the multifunction Bedrock-Aquifer Transportable Testing Tool (BAT3): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 075-01, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs07501.","productDescription":"4 p.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":121754,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2001/0075/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59449,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2001/0075/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4ce1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shapiro, A.M. 0000-0002-6425-9607","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6425-9607","contributorId":88384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shapiro","given":"A.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":203740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":31509,"text":"ofr01464 - 2001 - Publications of Volcano Hazards Program 2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-03T12:49:51","indexId":"ofr01464","displayToPublicDate":"2002-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-464","title":"Publications of Volcano Hazards Program 2000","docAbstract":"The Volcano Hazards Program of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is part of the Geologic Hazards Assessments subactivity as funded by Congressional appropriation. Investigations are carried out in the Geology and Hydrology Disciplines of the USGS and with cooperators at the Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys, University of Alaska Fairbanks Geophysical Institute, University of Utah, and University of Washington Geophysics Program.\n\nThis report lists publications from all these institutions. This report contains only published papers and maps; numerous abstracts produced for presentations at scientific meetings have not been included. Publications are included based on date of publication with no attempt to assign them to Fiscal Year.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr01464","usgsCitation":"Nathenson, M., 2001, Publications of Volcano Hazards Program 2000: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-464, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr01464.","productDescription":"12 p.","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":2690,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0464/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":161093,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0464/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59794,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0464/pdf/of01-464.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a90e4b07f02db6560e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nathenson, Manuel 0000-0002-5216-984X mnathnsn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5216-984X","contributorId":1358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nathenson","given":"Manuel","email":"mnathnsn@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":206252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":30991,"text":"wri014256 - 2001 - Hydrologic considerations for estimation of storage-capacity requirements of impounding and side-channel reservoirs for water supply in Ohio","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-04T20:26:10.961113","indexId":"wri014256","displayToPublicDate":"2002-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-4256","displayTitle":"Hydrologic Considerations for Estimation of Storage-Capacity Requirements of Impounding and Side-Channel Reservoirs Used for Water Supply in Ohio","title":"Hydrologic considerations for estimation of storage-capacity requirements of impounding and side-channel reservoirs for water supply in Ohio","docAbstract":"This report provides data and methods to aid in the hydrologic design or evaluation of impounding reservoirs and side-channel reservoirs used for water supply in Ohio. Data from 117 streamflow-gaging stations throughout Ohio were analyzed by means of nonsequential-mass-curve-analysis techniques to develop relations between storage requirements, water demand, duration, and frequency. Information also is provided on minimum runoff for selected durations and frequencies. Systematic record lengths for the streamflow-gaging stations ranged from about 10 to 75 years; however, in many cases, additional streamflow record was synthesized.
For impounding reservoirs, families of curves are provided to facilitate the estimation of storage requirements as a function of demand and the ratio of the 7-day, 2-year low flow to the mean annual flow. Information is provided with which to evaluate separately the effects of evaporation on storage requirements.
Comparisons of storage requirements for impounding reservoirs determined by nonsequential-mass-curve-analysis techniques with storage requirements determined by annual-mass-curve techniques that employ probability routing to account for carryover-storage requirements indicate that large differences in computed required storages can result from the two methods, particularly for conditions where demand cannot be met from within-year storage.
For side-channel reservoirs, tables of demand-storage-frequency information are provided for a primary pump relation consisting of one variable-speed pump with a pumping capacity that ranges from 0.1 to 20 times demand. Tables of adjustment ratios are provided to facilitate determination of storage requirements for 19 other pump sets consisting of assorted combinations of fixed-speed pumps or variable-speed pumps with aggregate pumping capacities smaller than or equal to the primary pump relation. The effects of evaporation on side-channel reservoir storage requirements are incorporated into the storage-requirement estimates. The effects of an instream-flow requirement equal to the 80-percent-duration flow are also incorporated into the storage-requirement estimates.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri014256","usgsCitation":"Koltun, G., 2001, Hydrologic considerations for estimation of storage-capacity requirements of impounding and side-channel reservoirs for water supply in Ohio: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4256, iv, 418 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri014256.","productDescription":"iv, 418 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":2983,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4256/wri20014256.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRI 2001-4256"},{"id":411375,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index 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\"}}]}","contact":"Director, Ohio Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6460 Busch Blvd.
Columbus, OH 43229
Hydrologic data were collected during 1994-96 as part of the U.S. Geological Survey's long-term Volcanic Hazards Monitoring Program of the Long Valley Caldera, Mono County, California, and the Long Valley Hydrologic Advisory Committee monitoring program. Hydrologic data collected include continuous record of ground-water levels in 4 wells; instantaneous measurements of ground-water levels in 53 wells; continuous record of discharge at 2 surface-water sites and 4 springs; continuous record of stage at 1 thermal pool; instantaneous discharge measurements at 3 surface-water sites; ground-water temperature profiles of 5 thermal wells and 1 nonthermal well; continuous record of water temperature in 3 springs; vent gas temperature at 1 fumarole; and chemical and isotopic analyses of water samples collected at 5 wells, 7 springs, and 5 surface-water sites. Precipitation amounts at 3 sites, and water equivalence of snowpack at 3 sites also are included. The data are presented in graphs or tables.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr00230","usgsCitation":"Howle, J.F., and Farrar, C.D., 2001, Hydrologic data for Long Valley Caldera, Mono County, California, 1994-96: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-230, vi, 155 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr00230.","productDescription":"vi, 155 p.","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":160027,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0230/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59785,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0230/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Mono county","otherGeospatial":"Long Valley Caldera","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120,\n 37\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 37\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 38.75\n ],\n [\n -120,\n 38.75\n ],\n [\n -120,\n 37\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a26e4b07f02db60fd7e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Howle, James F. 0000-0003-0491-6203 jfhowle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0491-6203","contributorId":2225,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howle","given":"James","email":"jfhowle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":206038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Farrar, Christopher D. cdfarrar@usgs.gov","contributorId":1501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farrar","given":"Christopher","email":"cdfarrar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":206037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":31477,"text":"ofr01400 - 2001 - Facies analysis of Tertiary basin-filling rocks of the Death Valley regional ground-water system and surrounding areas, Nevada and California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:03","indexId":"ofr01400","displayToPublicDate":"2002-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-400","title":"Facies analysis of Tertiary basin-filling rocks of the Death Valley regional ground-water system and surrounding areas, Nevada and California","docAbstract":"Existing hydrologic models of the Death Valley region typically have defined the Cenozoic basins as those areas that are covered by recent surficial deposits, and have treated the basin-fill deposits that are concealed under alluvium as a single unit with uniform hydrologic properties throughout the region, and with depth. Although this latter generalization was known to be flawed, it evidently was made because available geologic syntheses did not provide the basis for a more detailed characterization. As an initial attempt to address this problem, this report presents a compilation and synthesis of existing and new surface and subsurface data on the lithologic variations between and within the Cenozoic basin fills of this region. The most permeable lithologies in the Cenozoic basin fills are freshwater limestones, unaltered densely welded tuffs, and little-consolidated coarse alluvium. The least permeable lithologies are playa claystones, altered nonwelded tuffs, and tuffaceous and clay-matrix sediments of several types. In all but the youngest of the basin fills, permeability probably decreases strongly with depth owing to a typically increasing abundance of volcanic ash or clay in the matrices of the clastic sediments with increasing age (and therefore with increasing depth in general), and to increasing consolidation and alteration (both hydrothermal and diagenetic) with increasing depth and age. This report concludes with a categorization of the Cenozoic basins of the Death Valley region according to the predominant lithologies in the different basin fills and presents qualitative constraints on the hydrologic properties of these major lithologic categories.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr01400","usgsCitation":"Sweetkind, D., Fridrich, C.J., and Taylor, E., 2001, Facies analysis of Tertiary basin-filling rocks of the Death Valley regional ground-water system and surrounding areas, Nevada and California (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-400, 55 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr01400.","productDescription":"55 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":160190,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":2632,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr-01-0400/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a06e4b07f02db5f8885","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sweetkind, Donald S.","contributorId":18732,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sweetkind","given":"Donald S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":206093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fridrich, Christopher J. 0000-0003-2453-6478 fridrich@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2453-6478","contributorId":1251,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fridrich","given":"Christopher","email":"fridrich@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":206092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Taylor, Emily","contributorId":41474,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Emily","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":206094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":31488,"text":"ofr01418 - 2001 - Land use change and effects on water quality and ecosystem health in the Lake Tahoe basin, Nevada and California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-14T19:04:26.866881","indexId":"ofr01418","displayToPublicDate":"2002-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-418","title":"Land use change and effects on water quality and ecosystem health in the Lake Tahoe basin, Nevada and California","docAbstract":"Human activity in the Lake Tahoe Basin has increased substantially in the past four decades, causing significant impacts on the quality and clarity of the lake's famous deep, clear water. Protection of Lake Tahoe and the surrounding environment has become an important activity in recent years. A variety of agencies, including the Tahoe Regional Planning Agency, Tahoe Research Group of the University of California at Davis, Desert Research Institute of the University and Community College System of Nevada, U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), and a host of State (both Nevada and California) and local agencies have been monitoring and conducting research in the Basin in order to understand how the lake functions and to what extent humans have affected its landscape and ecosystem processes. In spite of all of these activities, there remains a lack of comprehensive land use change data and analysis for the Basin. \r\n\r\nA project is underway that unites the land cover mapping expertise of the USGS National Mapping Discipline with the hydrologic expertise of the Water Resources Discipline to assess the impacts of urban growth and land use change in the Lake Tahoe Basin. Three activities are planned over the next 3 years: (1) mapping the current and historic state of the land surface, (2) conducting analysis to document patterns, rates, and trends in urbanization, land use change, and ecosystem health, and (3) assessing the causes and consequences of land use change with regard to water quality and ecosystem health. We hypothesize that changes in the extent of urban growth and the corresponding increases in impervious surfaces and decreases in natural vegetation have resulted in severe impacts on ecosystem health and integrity, riparian zones and water quality over time. We are acting on multiple fronts to test this hypothesis through the quantification of landscape disturbances and impacts.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr01418","usgsCitation":"Forney, W., Richards, L., Adams, K., Minor, T.B., Rowe, T.G., Smith, J.L., and Raumann, C.G., 2001, Land use change and effects on water quality and ecosystem health in the Lake Tahoe basin, Nevada and California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-418, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr01418.","productDescription":"29 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":160752,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":408341,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_46655.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":2660,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/openfile/of01-418/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Lake Tahoe basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.2178955078125,\n 38.792626957868904\n ],\n [\n -119.89654541015624,\n 38.792626957868904\n ],\n [\n -119.89654541015624,\n 39.342794408952365\n ],\n [\n -120.2178955078125,\n 39.342794408952365\n ],\n [\n -120.2178955078125,\n 38.792626957868904\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a187","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Forney, William","contributorId":23509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Forney","given":"William","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":206156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Richards, Lora","contributorId":42262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richards","given":"Lora","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":206158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Adams, Kenneth D.","contributorId":75586,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Kenneth D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":206160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Minor, Timothy B.","contributorId":32576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minor","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":206157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rowe, Timothy G.","contributorId":8455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowe","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":206155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Smith, J. LaRue jlsmith@usgs.gov","contributorId":1863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"J.","email":"jlsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"LaRue","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":206154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Raumann, Christian G.","contributorId":65893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raumann","given":"Christian","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":206159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":58059,"text":"wri20014161 - 2001 - Assessment of habitat, fish communities, and streamflow requirements for habitat protection, Ipswich River, Massachusetts, 1998-99","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-22T16:58:03.327195","indexId":"wri20014161","displayToPublicDate":"2002-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-4161","title":"Assessment of habitat, fish communities, and streamflow requirements for habitat protection, Ipswich River, Massachusetts, 1998-99","docAbstract":"The relations among stream habitat, fish communities, and hydrologic conditions were investigated in the Ipswich River Basin in northeastern Massachusetts. Data were assessed from 27 sites on the mainstem of the Ipswich River from July to September 1998 and from 10 sites on 5 major tributaries in July and August 1999. Habitat assessments made in 1998 determined that in a year with sustained streamflow for most of the summer, the Ipswich River contains diverse, high-quality aquatic habitat. Channel types are predominantly low gradient glides, pools, and impoundments, with a sandy streambed and a forest or shrub riparian zone. Features that provide fish habitat are located mostly along stream margins; these features include overhanging brush, undercut banks, exposed roots, and woody debris. These habitat features decrease in availability to aquatic communities with declining streamflows and generally become unavailable after streamflows drop to the point where the edge of water recedes from the stream banks.
The mainstem and tributaries were sampled to determine fish species composition, relative abundance, and length frequency. Fish sampling indicates that the fish community in the Ipswich River is currently a warm-water fish community dominated by pond-type fish. However, historical temperature data, and survival of stocked trout in the mainstem Ipswich into late summer of 1998, indicate that the Ipswich River potentially could support cold-water fish species if adequate flows are maintained. Dominant fish species sampled in the mainstem Ipswich River were redfin pickerel (Esox americanus), American eel (Anguilla rostrata), and pumpkinseed (Lepomis gibbosus), which together represented 41, 22, and 10 percent, respectively, of 4,745 fish sampled. The fish communities of the mainstem and tributaries contained few fluvial-dependent or fluvial-specialist species (requiring flow), and were dominated by macrohabitat generalists (tolerant of low-flow, warm-water, and ponded conditions). In comparison to a nearby river (Lamprey River, N.H.), and a reference fish community developed for inland New England streams, the Ipswich fish community would be expected to have appreciably higher percentages of fluvial-dependent and fluvial-specialist species were streamflows restored.
Four riffle sites on the mainstem of the Ipswich River were identified as critical habitat areas because they are among the first sites to exhibit fish-passage problems or to dry during low flows. A watershed-scale precipitation-runoff model previously developed for the Ipswich River was used to simulate streamflows at these four sites for the period 196195 under no withdrawals (for water supply) and 1991 land use to evaluate habitat suitability under conditions that approximate the natural flow conditions. These simulated flows were used to calculate streamflow requirements by the Tennant and New England Aquatic-Base-Flow methods. Stream channels were surveyed at the critical riffle sites, and Water Surface Profile models were used to simulate streamflows and hydraulic characteristics needed for determining streamflow requirements by use of the Wetted-Perimeter and R2Cross methods. Normalized by drainage area to units of cubic feet per second per square mile, these methods yielded the following streamflow requirements: 0.50 cubic feet per second per square mile for the Tennant 30-percent QMA method, 0.42 cubic feet per second per square mile for the wetted-perimeter value necessary to maintain wetted perimeter at three altered riffle sites, 0.42 cubic feet per second per square mile for the R2Cross value required to maintain R2Cross hydraulic criteria at a natural riffle site, and 0.34 cubic feet per second per square mile for the aquatic-base-flow median of monthly mean flows for August for the simulated 196195 period under no withdrawals and 1991 land use. The mean streamflow requirement determined from these four methods is 0.42 cubic feet per second per square mile. This flow would represent an average flow-exceedence value for the six study sites of about 77 percent under simulated flows with no withdrawals. For these flows, the 70-, 80-, and 90-percent exceedence flows averaged 0.59, 0.37, and 0.21 cubic feet per second per square mile, respectively, and the 7-day, 10-year low flow statistic at the two gaged sites averaged 0.08 cubic feet per second per square mile. Simulated flows under no withdrawals were used to determine monthly mean flows and other flow statistics used in the Range of Variability Approach to define a flow regime that mimics the river's natural flow regime.
Metals enter Little Cottonwood Creek in Salt Lake County, Utah, in drainage water that discharges from inactive mines in the watershed (fig. 1). As part of a study to evaluate the effects of this mine drainage on water quality, a sodium chloride tracer was injected into Little Cottonwood Creek during September 17-18, 1998. The purpose of the injection was to quantify stream discharge; to identify inflows, both those observable and those dispersed in the subsurface; and ultimately, to determine which areas within the watershed contribute the most metals to Little Cottonwood Creek. The purpose of this report is to make these data available to agencies responsible for managing the area’ s water resources and to supplement interpretive reports for this study.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr0138","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture, U.S. Forest Service","usgsCitation":"Gerner, L.J., Rossi, F.J., and Kimball, B., 2001, Selected hydrologic data for Little Cottonwood Creek, Salt Lake County, Utah, September 1998: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-38, 2 Sheets: 43.00 x 27.50 inches and 43.00 x 27.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr0138.","productDescription":"2 Sheets: 43.00 x 27.50 inches and 43.00 x 27.00 inches","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340282,"rank":2,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0038/ofr0138_sheet1.pdf","text":"OFR 01–38 Sheet 1","size":"375 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J.","contributorId":72008,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gerner","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rossi, F. J.","contributorId":57113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rossi","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kimball, B.K.","contributorId":15668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kimball","given":"B.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":31439,"text":"ofr01454 - 2001 - Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey Organic Geochemistry Research Group—Determination of glyphosate, aminomethylphosphonic acid, and glufonsinate in water using online solid-phase extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-16T11:40:21","indexId":"ofr01454","displayToPublicDate":"2002-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-454","displayTitle":"Methods of Analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey Organic Geochemistry Research Group—Determination of Glyphosate, Aminomethylphosphonic Acid, and Glufosinate in Water Using Online Solid-Phase Extraction and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry","title":"Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey Organic Geochemistry Research Group—Determination of glyphosate, aminomethylphosphonic acid, and glufonsinate in water using online solid-phase extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry","docAbstract":"An analytical method for the determination of glyphosate, its principal degradation compound, aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), and glufosinate in water with varying matrices has been developed. Four different sample matrices fortified at 0.2 and 2.0 μg/L (micrograms per liter) were analyzed using precolumn derivatization with 9-fluorenylmethylchloroformate (FMOC). After derivatization, cleanup and concentration were accomplished using automated online solid-phase extraction followed by elution with the mobile phase allowing for direct injection into a liquid chromatograph/mass spectrometer (LC/MS). Analytical conditions for MS detection were optimized, and quantitation was carried out using the following representative ions: 390 and 168 for glyphosate; 332, 110, and 136 for AMPA; and 402, 180, and 206 for glufosinate. Matrix effects were minimized by utilizing standard addition for quantification and an isotope-labeled glyphosate (2-13C,15N) as the internal standard. Method detection limits (MDLs) were 0.084 μg/L for glyphosate, 0.078 μg/L for AMPA, and 0.057 μg/L for glufosinate. The method reporting limits (MRLs) were set at 0.1 μg/L for all three compounds. The mean recovery values ranged from 88.0 to 128.7 percent, and relative standard deviation values ranged from 5.6 to 32.6 percent.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr01454","usgsCitation":"Lee, E., Strahan, A., and Thurman, E., 2001, Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey Organic Geochemistry Research Group—Determination of glyphosate, aminomethylphosphonic acid, and glufonsinate in water using online solid-phase extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-454, iv, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr01454.","productDescription":"iv, 13 p.","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":161425,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":360148,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0454/ofr20010454.pdf","text":"Report","size":"403 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2001–0454"}],"contact":"Director, Kansas Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1217 Biltmore Drive
Lawrence, KS 66049
Why are the effects of urbanization a concern? As the city of Middleton, Wisconsin, and its surroundings continue to develop, the Pheasant Branch watershed (fig.l) is expected to undergo urbanization. For the downstream city of Middleton, urbanization in the watershed can mean increased flood peaks, water volume and pollutant loads. More subtly, it may also reduce water that sustains the ground-water system (called \"recharge\") and adversely affect downstream ecosystems that depend on ground water such as the Pheasant Branch Springs (hereafter referred to as the Springs). The relation of stormwater runoff and reduced ground-water recharge is complex because the surface-water system is coupled to the underlying ground-water system. In many cases there is movement of water from one system to the other that varies seasonally or daily depending on changing conditions. Therefore, it is difficult to reliably determine the effects of urbanization on stream baseflow and spring flows without rigorous investigation. Moreover, mitigating adverse effects after development has occurred can be expensive and administratively difficult. Overlying these concerns are issues such as stewardship of the resource, the rights of the public, and land owners' rights both of those developing their land and those whose land is affected by this development. With the often- contradictory goals, a scientific basis for assessing effects of urbanization and effectiveness of mitigation measures helps ensure fair and constructive decision-making. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the City of Middleton and Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, completed a study that helps address these issues through modeling of the hydrologic system. This Fact Sheet discusses the results of this work.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs10201","usgsCitation":"Hunt, R.J., and Steuer, J.J., 2001, Evaluating the effects of urbanization and land-use planning using ground-water and surface-water models: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 102-01, 4 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/fs10201.","productDescription":"4 p. ","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":119309,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2001/0102/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59445,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2001/0102/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","county":"Dane","city":"Madison, Middleton","otherGeospatial":"Pheasant Branch watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.64706420898438,\n 42.99962549506941\n ],\n [\n -89.64706420898438,\n 43.21418416226072\n ],\n [\n -89.48226928710936,\n 43.21418416226072\n ],\n [\n -89.48226928710936,\n 42.99962549506941\n ],\n [\n -89.64706420898438,\n 42.99962549506941\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5fb067","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hunt, R. J.","contributorId":40164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Steuer, J. J.","contributorId":12430,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steuer","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":30977,"text":"wri014229 - 2001 - Hydrology of the unconfined aquifer system, Maurice River area: Maurice and Cohansey River Basins, New Jersey, 1994-95","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-03T21:58:16.854563","indexId":"wri014229","displayToPublicDate":"2002-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-4229","title":"Hydrology of the unconfined aquifer system, Maurice River area: Maurice and Cohansey River Basins, New Jersey, 1994-95","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri014229","usgsCitation":"Charles, E.G., Storck, D.A., and Clawges, R.M., 2001, Hydrology of the unconfined aquifer system, Maurice River area: Maurice and Cohansey River Basins, New Jersey, 1994-95: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4229, 5 Plates: 34.36 × 45.75 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri014229.","productDescription":"5 Plates: 34.36 × 45.75 inches or smaller","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":395414,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_49781.htm"},{"id":272658,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4229/plate-5.pdf"},{"id":272657,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4229/plate-4.pdf"},{"id":272654,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4229/plate-1.pdf"},{"id":272656,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4229/plate-3.pdf"},{"id":272655,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4229/plate-2.pdf"},{"id":159986,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4229/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.375,\n 39.1833\n ],\n [\n -74.8667,\n 39.1833\n ],\n [\n -74.8667,\n 39.7278\n ],\n [\n -75.375,\n 39.7278\n ],\n [\n -75.375,\n 39.1833\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fc795","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Charles, Emmanuel G. 0000-0002-3338-4958 echarles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3338-4958","contributorId":4280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Charles","given":"Emmanuel","email":"echarles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":204501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Storck, Donald A. dstorck@usgs.gov","contributorId":4311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Storck","given":"Donald","email":"dstorck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":204502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clawges, Rick M.","contributorId":71583,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clawges","given":"Rick","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":30709,"text":"fs08201 - 2001 - Discharge between San Antonio Bay and Aransas Bay, southern Gulf Coast, Texas, May-September 1999","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-12T13:22:55","indexId":"fs08201","displayToPublicDate":"2002-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"082-01","title":"Discharge between San Antonio Bay and Aransas Bay, southern Gulf Coast, Texas, May-September 1999","docAbstract":"Along the Gulf Coast of Texas, many estuaries and bays are important habitat and nurseries for aquatic life. San Antonio Bay and Aransas Bay, located about 50 and 30 miles northeast, respectively, of Corpus Christi, are two important estuarine nurseries on the southern Gulf Coast of Texas (fig. 1). According to the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department, “Almost 80 percent of the seagrasses [along the Texas Gulf Coast] are located in the Laguna Madre, an estuary that begins just south of Corpus Christi Bay and runs southward 140 miles to South Padre Island. Most of the remaining seagrasses, about 45,000 acres, are located in the heavily traveled San Antonio, Aransas and Corpus Christi Bay areas” (Shook, 2000).
Population growth has led to greater demands on water supplies in Texas. The Texas Water Development Board, the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department, and the Texas Natural Resource Conservation Commission have the cooperative task of determining inflows required to maintain the ecological health of the State’s streams, rivers, bays, and estuaries. To determine these inflow requirements, the three agencies collect data and conduct studies on the need for instream flows and freshwater/ saline water inflows to Texas estuaries.
To assist in the determination of freshwater inflow requirements, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Texas Water Development Board, conducted a hydrographic survey of discharge (flow) between San Antonio Bay and Aransas Bay during the period May–September 1999. Automated instrumentation and acoustic technology were used to maximize the amount and quality of data that were collected, while minimizing personnel requirements. This report documents the discharge measured at two sites between the bays during May–September 1999 and describes the influences of meteorologic (wind and tidal) and hydrologic (freshwater inflow) conditions on discharge between the two bays. The movement of water between the bays is controlled primarily by prevailing winds, tidal fluctuations, and freshwater inflows. An adequate understanding of mixing and physical exchange in the estuarine waters is fundamental to the assessment of the physical, chemical, and biological processes governing the aquatic system.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs08201","collaboration":"In cooperation with the Texas Water Development Board","usgsCitation":"East, J., 2001, Discharge between San Antonio Bay and Aransas Bay, southern Gulf Coast, Texas, May-September 1999: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 082-01, HTML Document; Report: 6 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/fs08201.","productDescription":"HTML Document; Report: 6 p. ","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":121416,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_082_01.bmp"},{"id":333100,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/fs-082-01/pdf/fs_082-01.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6.28 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":3080,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/fs-082-01/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Aransas Bay, San Antonio Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -96.75,\n 28\n ],\n [\n -96.75,\n 28.3\n ],\n [\n -96.95,\n 28.3\n ],\n [\n -96.95,\n 28\n ],\n [\n -96.75,\n 28\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a82e4b07f02db64aa8d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"East, Jeffery W. jweast@usgs.gov","contributorId":1683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"East","given":"Jeffery W.","email":"jweast@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":203767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":30973,"text":"wri014141 - 2001 - Hydrologic data and a proposed water-quality monitoring network for the Kobuk River basin, Gates of the Arctic National Park and Preserve, and Kobuk Valley National Park, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-12T22:41:04.255888","indexId":"wri014141","displayToPublicDate":"2002-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-4141","title":"Hydrologic data and a proposed water-quality monitoring network for the Kobuk River basin, Gates of the Arctic National Park and Preserve, and Kobuk Valley National Park, Alaska","docAbstract":"Located in northwestern Alaska, the Kobuk River drains a watershed of approximately 12,300 square miles. Two national parks are located in the basin: the entire Kobuk Valley National Park and and a portion of Gates of the Arctic National Park and Preserve. Reconnaissance-type water-quality data collected on the Kobuk River and some of its tributaries indicate that the water is of a calcium to calcium-magnesium-bicarbonate type. To design a representative water-quality monitoring network, a geographical information system (GIS) of the Kobuk River Basin was created. The GIS was used with a statistical technique, cluster analysis, to stratify the Kobuk River Basin into different regions. Potential water-quality monitoring sites were then selected from these regions.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri014141","usgsCitation":"Brabets, T.P., 2001, Hydrologic data and a proposed water-quality monitoring network for the Kobuk River basin, Gates of the Arctic National Park and Preserve, and Kobuk Valley National Park, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4141, iv, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri014141.","productDescription":"iv, 23 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":159974,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":2952,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wrir014141","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":425577,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_49728.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Gates of the Arctic National Park, Kobuk Valley National Park and Preserve","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -160.78141667496212,\n 67.8510145841976\n ],\n [\n -159.99152630862287,\n 66.53563835226183\n ],\n [\n -152.68589052550578,\n 66.04673856882874\n ],\n [\n -152.12410591659054,\n 68.67198467704983\n ],\n [\n -160.78141667496212,\n 67.8510145841976\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aeee4b07f02db69114a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brabets, Timothy P. tbrabets@usgs.gov","contributorId":2087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brabets","given":"Timothy","email":"tbrabets@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":204490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":30976,"text":"wri014201 - 2001 - The search for reliable aqueous solubility (Sw) and octanol-water partition coefficient (Kow) data for hydrophobic organic compounds; DDT and DDE as a case study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-22T11:29:39","indexId":"wri014201","displayToPublicDate":"2002-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-4201","title":"The search for reliable aqueous solubility (Sw) and octanol-water partition coefficient (Kow) data for hydrophobic organic compounds; DDT and DDE as a case study","docAbstract":"The accurate determination of an organic contaminant’s physico-chemical properties is essential for predicting its environmental impact and fate. Approximately 700 publications (1944–2001) were reviewed and all known aqueous solubilities (Sw) and octanol-water partition coefficients (Kow) for the organochlorine pesticide, DDT, and its persistent metabolite, DDE were compiled and examined. Two problems are evident with the available database: 1) egregious errors in reporting data and references, and 2) poor data quality and/or inadequate documentation of procedures. The published literature (particularly the collative literature such as compilation articles and handbooks) is characterized by a preponderance of unnecessary data duplication. Numerous data and citation errors are also present in the literature. The percentage of original Sw and Kow data in compilations has decreased with time, and in the most recent publications (1994–97) it composes only 6–26 percent of the reported data. The variability of original DDT/DDE Sw and Kow data spans 2–4 orders of magnitude, and there is little indication that the uncertainty in these properties has declined over the last 5 decades. A criteria-based evaluation of DDT/DDE Sw and Kow data sources shows that 95–100 percent of the database literature is of poor or unevaluatable quality. The accuracy and reliability of the vast majority of the data are unknown due to inadequate documentation of the methods of determination used by the authors. [For example, estimates of precision have been reported for only 20 percent of experimental Sw data and 10 percent of experimental Kow data.] Computational methods for estimating these parameters have been increasingly substituted for direct or indirect experimental determination despite the fact that the data used for model development and validation may be of unknown reliability. Because of the prevalence of errors, the lack of methodological documentation, and unsatisfactory data quality, the reliability of the DDT/ DDE Sw and Kow database is questionable. The nature and extent of the errors documented in this study are probably indicative of a more general problem in the literature of hydrophobic organic compounds. Under these circumstances, estimation of critical environmental parameters on the basis of Sw and Kow (for example, bioconcentration factors, equilibrium partition coefficients) is inadvisable because it will likely lead to incorrect environmental risk assessments. The current state of the database indicates that much greater efforts are needed to: 1) halt the proliferation of erroneous data and references, 2) initiate a coordinated program to develop improved methods of property determination, 3) establish and maintain consistent reporting requirements for physico-chemical property data, and 4) create a mechanism for archiving reliable data for widespread use in the scientific/regulatory community.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri014201","usgsCitation":"Pontolillo, J., and Eganhouse, R., 2001, The search for reliable aqueous solubility (Sw) and octanol-water partition coefficient (Kow) data for hydrophobic organic compounds; DDT and DDE as a case study: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4201, 51 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri014201.","productDescription":"51 p. ","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":159985,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":2954,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri014201","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6fe4b07f02db640d38","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pontolillo, James jpontoli@usgs.gov","contributorId":2033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pontolillo","given":"James","email":"jpontoli@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":204499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eganhouse, R.P.","contributorId":67555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eganhouse","given":"R.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":30981,"text":"wri014265 - 2001 - Estimated age and source of the young fraction of ground water at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-24T06:15:01","indexId":"wri014265","displayToPublicDate":"2002-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-4265","title":"Estimated age and source of the young fraction of ground water at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri014265","usgsCitation":"Busenberg, E., Plummer, N., and Bartholomay, R.C., 2001, Estimated age and source of the young fraction of ground water at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4265, 144 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri014265.","productDescription":"144 p. ","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":274639,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4265/report.pdf"},{"id":159977,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4265/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.12989807128905,\n 43.402054267905655\n ],\n [\n -111.92665100097656,\n 43.402054267905655\n ],\n [\n -111.92665100097656,\n 43.57392416032963\n ],\n [\n -112.12989807128905,\n 43.57392416032963\n ],\n [\n -112.12989807128905,\n 43.402054267905655\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ee4b07f02db5fdc70","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Busenberg, Eurybiades ebusenbe@usgs.gov","contributorId":2271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Busenberg","given":"Eurybiades","email":"ebusenbe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":204514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Plummer, Niel 0000-0002-4020-1013 nplummer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4020-1013","contributorId":190100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plummer","given":"Niel","email":"nplummer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":204516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bartholomay, R. C.","contributorId":66271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartholomay","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":30961,"text":"wri20014188 - 2001 - Low-Level Volatile Organic Compounds in Active Public Supply Wells as Ground-Water Tracers in the Los Angeles Physiographic Basin, California, 2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:08","indexId":"wri20014188","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-4188","title":"Low-Level Volatile Organic Compounds in Active Public Supply Wells as Ground-Water Tracers in the Los Angeles Physiographic Basin, California, 2000","docAbstract":"Data were collected to evaluate the use of low-level volatile organic compounds (VOC) to assess the vulnerability of public supply wells in the Los Angeles physiographic basin. Samples of untreated ground water from 178 active public supply wells in the Los Angeles physiographic basin show that VOCs were detected in 61 percent of the ground-water samples; most of these detections were low, with only 29 percent above 1 mg/L (microgram per liter). Thirty-nine of the 86 VOCs analyzed were detected in at least one sample, and 11 VOCs were detected in 7 percent or more of the samples. The six most frequently detected VOCs were trichloromethane (chloroform) (46 percent); trichloroethene (TCE) (28 percent); tetrachloro-ethene (PCE) (19 percent); methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) (14 percent); 1,1-dichloroethane (11 percent); and 1,1,1-trichloroethane (TCA) (11 percent). These VOCs were also the most frequently detected VOCs in ground water representative of a wide range of hydrologically conditions in urban areas nationwide. Only two VOCs (TCE and PCE) exceeded state and federal primary maximum contaminant levels (MCL) for drinking water in a total of seven samples. Because samples were collected prior to water treatment, sample concentrations do not represent the concentrations entering the drinking-water system.Ground water containing VOCs may be considered to be a tracer of postindustrial-aged water-water that was recharged after the onset of intense urban development. The overall distribution of VOC detections is related to the hydrological and the engineered recharge facilities in the Coastal Los Angeles Basin and the Coastal Santa Ana Basin that comprise the Los Angeles physiographic basin. Most of the ground-water recharge occurs at engineered recharge facilities in the generally coarse-grained northeastern parts of the study area (forebay areas). Ground-water recharge from the land surface is minimal in the southwestern part of the basins, distal from the recharge facilities, where clay layers impede the vertical migration of ground water (pressure areas).VOCs are not uniformly distributed over the study area. Most of the wells with multiple VOC detections, which also have the highest concentrations, are in the forebay areas and are clustered proximal to the recharge facilities. In addition, the number of VOC detections and VOC concentrations decrease beyond about 10-15 kilometers from the recharge facilities. The distribution of individual VOCs is also related to their history of use. MTBE traces ground water recharged during about the last decade and is detected almost exclusively in the forebay areas. Chloroform, which has been used since the 1920s, is more widely distributed and is detected at the greatest distances from the recharge facilities.Downward migration of VOCs from the land surface may be a viable process for VOCs to reach aquifers in parts of the forebay areas, but there is little indication that the same process is active in the pressure area. The lack of contrast in the number of VOC detections between wells of different depths over most of the study area suggests that the downward migration from the land surface is not a dominant pathway for VOCs to travel to the capture zones of public supply wells. Isolated occurrences of multiple VOC detections and high concentrations of VOCs in individual wells may indicate rapid vertical transport from a localized source. Stable isotope data indicate that ground water containing VOCs is a mixture of local precipitation and runoff with water that is isotopically lighter (more negative) than the local sources. The isotopically lighter water could either be Colorado River water or State Water Project water, both of which are imported to the basin and used as a source of recharge to the ground-water flow system. The stable isotope data support the interpretation that VOCs in ground water are associated with the engineered recharge facilities.Two of the most frequently detecte","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/wri20014188","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the California State Water Resources Control Board","usgsCitation":"Shelton, J.L., Burow, K.R., Belitz, K., Dubrovsky, N.M., Land, M., and Gronberg, J., 2001, Low-Level Volatile Organic Compounds in Active Public Supply Wells as Ground-Water Tracers in the Los Angeles Physiographic Basin, California, 2000: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4188, 35 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri20014188.","productDescription":"35 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":159932,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":11336,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ca.water.usgs.gov/archive/reports/wrir014188/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":21876,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/wri014188/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -118.66666666666667,33.5 ], [ -118.66666666666667,34.166666666666664 ], [ -117.58333333333333,34.166666666666664 ], [ -117.58333333333333,33.5 ], [ -118.66666666666667,33.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6fe4b07f02db640e46","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shelton, Jennifer L. 0000-0001-8508-0270 jshelton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8508-0270","contributorId":1155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shelton","given":"Jennifer","email":"jshelton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":204457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burow, Karen R. 0000-0001-6006-6667 krburow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6006-6667","contributorId":1504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burow","given":"Karen","email":"krburow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":204458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Belitz, Kenneth 0000-0003-4481-2345 kbelitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4481-2345","contributorId":442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belitz","given":"Kenneth","email":"kbelitz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":204456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dubrovsky, Neil M. 0000-0001-7786-1149 nmdubrov@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7786-1149","contributorId":1799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dubrovsky","given":"Neil","email":"nmdubrov@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":204459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Land, Michael 0000-0001-5141-0307","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5141-0307","contributorId":56613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Land","given":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gronberg, JoAnn","contributorId":41866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gronberg","given":"JoAnn","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ]}