{"pageNumber":"337","pageRowStart":"8400","pageSize":"25","recordCount":16445,"records":[{"id":31398,"text":"ofr01258 - 2001 - Metal loading assessment of a small mountainous sub-basin characterized by acid drainage -- Prospect Gulch, upper Animas River watershed, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:08","indexId":"ofr01258","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-258","title":"Metal loading assessment of a small mountainous sub-basin characterized by acid drainage -- Prospect Gulch, upper Animas River watershed, Colorado","docAbstract":"strongly affected by natural acidity from pyrite weathering.\r\nMetal content in the water column is a composite of multiple\r\nsources affected by hydrologic, geologic, climatic, and anthropogenic\r\nconditions. Identifying sources of metals from various\r\ndrainage areas was determined using a tracer injection approach\r\nand synoptic sampling during low flow conditions on September\r\n29, 1999 to determine loads. The tracer data was interpreted\r\nin conjunction with detailed geologic mapping, topographic profiling,\r\ngeochemical characterization, and the occurrence and\r\ndistribution of trace metals to identify sources of ground-water\r\ninflows. For this highly mineralized sub-basin, we demonstrate\r\nthat SO4, Al, and Fe load contributions from drainage areas that\r\nhave experienced historical mining?although substantial?are\r\nrelatively insignificant in comparison with SO4, Al, and Fe\r\nloads from areas experiencing natural weathering of highlyaltered,\r\npyritic rocks.\r\nRegional weathering of acid-sulfate mineral assemblages\r\nproduces moderately low pH waters elevated in SO4, Al, and\r\nFe; but generally lacking in Cu, Cd, Ni, and Pb. Samples\r\nimpacted by mining are also characterized by low pH and large\r\nconcentrations of SO4, Al, and Fe; but contained elevated dissolved\r\nmetals from ore-bearing vein minerals such as Cu, Zn,\r\nCd, Ni, and Pb. Occurrences of dissolved trace metals were\r\nhelpful in identifying ground-water sources and flow paths. For\r\nexample, cadmium was greatest in inflows associated with\r\ndrainage from inactive mine sites and absent in inflows that\r\nwere unaffected by past mining activities and thus served as an\r\nimportant indicator of mining contamination for this environmental\r\nsetting.\r\nThe most heavily mine-impacted reach (PG153 to PG800),\r\ncontributed 8% of the discharge, and 11%, 9%, and 12% of the\r\ntotal SO4, Al, and Fe loads in Prospect Gulch. The same reach\r\nyielded 59% and 37% of the total Cu and Zn loads for the subbasin.\r\nIn contrast, the naturally acidic inflows from the Red\r\nChemotroph iron spring yielded 39% of the discharge and 54%,\r\n73%, and 87% of the SO4, Al, and Fe loads; but only 4% of the\r\ntotal Cu and 30% of the total Zn loads in Prospect Gulch.\r\nBase flow from the Prospect Gulch sub-basin contributes\r\nabout 4.8 percent of the total discharge at the mouth of Cement\r\nCreek; compared with sampled instream loads of 1.8%, 8.8%,\r\n15.9%, 28%, and 8.6% for SO4, Al, Fe, Cu and Zn, respectively.\r\nWater-shed scale remediation efforts targeted at reducing loads\r\nof SO4, Al, and Fe at inactive mine sites are likely to fail\r\nbecause the major sources of these constituents in Prospect\r\nGulch are predominantly discharged from natural sources.\r\nRemediation goals aimed at reducing acidity and loads of Cu\r\nand other base metals, may succeed, however, because changes\r\nin pH and loads are disproportionately greater than increases in\r\ndischarge over the same reach, and a substantial fraction of the\r\nmetal loading is from mining-impacted reaches. Whether remediation\r\nof abandoned mines in Prospect Gulch can be successful\r\ndepends on how goals are defined?that is, whether the objective\r\nis to reduce loads of SO4, Al, and Fe; or whether loads of\r\nCu and other base metals and pH are targeted.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr01258","usgsCitation":"Wirt, L., Leib, K.J., Melick, R., and Bove, D.J., 2001, Metal loading assessment of a small mountainous sub-basin characterized by acid drainage -- Prospect Gulch, upper Animas River watershed, Colorado (Version 1.1): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-258, 36 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr01258.","productDescription":"36 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":160567,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":2516,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr-01-0258/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48afe4b07f02db52f212","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wirt, Laurie","contributorId":13204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wirt","given":"Laurie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leib, Kenneth J. 0000-0002-0373-0768 kjleib@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0373-0768","contributorId":701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leib","given":"Kenneth","email":"kjleib@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":205878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Melick, Roger","contributorId":100033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Melick","given":"Roger","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bove, Dana J. dbove@usgs.gov","contributorId":4855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bove","given":"Dana","email":"dbove@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":205879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":30958,"text":"wri014170 - 2001 - Metal loading in Soda Butte Creek upstream of Yellowstone National Park, Montana and Wyoming; a retrospective analysis of previous research; and quantification of metal loading, August 1999","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-23T16:21:00","indexId":"wri014170","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-4170","title":"Metal loading in Soda Butte Creek upstream of Yellowstone National Park, Montana and Wyoming; a retrospective analysis of previous research; and quantification of metal loading, August 1999","docAbstract":"Acid drainage from historic mining activities has affected the water quality and aquatic biota of Soda Butte Creek upstream of Yellowstone National Park. Numerous investigations focusing on metals contamination have been conducted in the Soda Butte Creek basin, but interpretations of how metals contamination is currently impacting Soda Butte Creek differ greatly. A retrospective analysis of previous research on metal loading in Soda Butte Creek was completed to provide summaries of studies pertinent to metal loading in Soda Butte Creek and to identify data gaps warranting further investigation.  Identification and quantification of the sources of metal loading to Soda Butte Creek was recognized as a significant data gap. The McLaren Mine tailings impoundment and mill site has long been identified as a source of metals but its contribution relative to the total metal load entering Yellowstone National Park was unknown. A tracer-injection and synoptic-sampling study was designed to determine metal loads upstream of Yellowstone National Park.A tracer-injection and synoptic-sampling study was conducted on an 8,511-meter reach of Soda Butte Creek from upstream of the McLaren Mine tailings impoundment and mill site downstream to the Yellowstone National Park boundary in August 1999. Synoptic-sampling sites were selected to divide the creek into discrete segments. A lithium bromide tracer was injected continuously into Soda Butte Creek for 24.5 hours. Downstream dilution of the tracer and current-meter measurements were used to calculate the stream discharge. Stream discharge values, combined with constituent concentrations obtained by synoptic sampling, were used to quantify constituent loading in each segment of Soda Butte Creek.Loads were calculated for dissolved calcium, silica, and sulfate, as well as for dissolved and total-recoverable iron, aluminum, and manganese. Loads were not calculated for cadmium, copper, lead, and zinc because these elements were infrequently detected in mainstem synoptic samples. All of these elements were detected at high concentrations in the seeps draining the McLaren Mine tailings impoundment. The lack of detection of these elements in the downstream mainstem synoptic samples is probably because of sorption (coprecipitation and adsorption) to metal colloids in the stream.Most of the metal load that entered Soda Butte Creek was contributed by the inflows draining the McLaren Mine tailings impoundment (between 505 meters and 760 meters downstream from the tracer-injection site), Republic Creek (1,859 meters), and Unnamed Tributary (8,267 meters). Results indicate that treatment or removal of the McLaren Mine tailings impoundment would greatly reduce metal loading in Soda Butte Creek upstream of Yellowstone National Park. However, removing only that single source may not reduce metal loads to acceptable levels. The sources of metal loading in Republic Creek and Unnamed Tributary merit further investigation.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri014170","usgsCitation":"Boughton, G., 2001, Metal loading in Soda Butte Creek upstream of Yellowstone National Park, Montana and Wyoming; a retrospective analysis of previous research; and quantification of metal loading, August 1999: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4170, 68 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri014170.","productDescription":"68 p. ","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":159918,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":2940,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wrir014170","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming, Montana","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -111.0498046875,\n              43.39706523932025\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.18212890625,\n              43.39706523932025\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.18212890625,\n              45.01141864227728\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.0498046875,\n              45.01141864227728\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.0498046875,\n              43.39706523932025\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4be4b07f02db625c8a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boughton, G.K.","contributorId":70428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boughton","given":"G.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70162163,"text":"70162163 - 2001 - Our evolving conceptual model of the coastal eutrophication problem","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-03T08:33:30","indexId":"70162163","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2663,"text":"Marine Ecology Progress Series","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Our evolving conceptual model of the coastal eutrophication problem","docAbstract":"<p><span>A primary focus of coastal science during the past 3 decades has been the question: How does anthropogenic nutrient enrichment cause change in the structure or function of nearshore coastal ecosystems? This theme of environmental science is recent, so our conceptual model of the coastal eutrophication problem continues to change rapidly. In this review, I suggest that the early (Phase I) conceptual model was strongly influenced by limnologists, who began intense study of lake eutrophication by the 1960s. The Phase I model emphasized changing nutrient input as a signal, and responses to that signal as increased phytoplankton biomass and primary production, decomposition of phytoplankton-derived organic matter, and enhanced depletion of oxygen from bottom waters. Coastal research in recent decades has identified key differences in the responses of lakes and coastal-estuarine ecosystems to nutrient enrichment. The contemporary (Phase II) conceptual model reflects those differences and includes explicit recognition of (1) system-specific attributes that act as a filter to modulate the responses to enrichment (leading to large differences among estuarine-coastal systems in their sensitivity to nutrient enrichment); and (2) a complex suite of direct and indirect responses including linked changes in: water transparency, distribution of vascular plants and biomass of macroalgae, sediment biogeochemistry and nutrient cycling, nutrient ratios and their regulation of phytoplankton community composition, frequency of toxic/harmful algal blooms, habitat quality for metazoans, reproduction/growth/survival of pelagic and benthic invertebrates, and subtle changes such as shifts in the seasonality of ecosystem functions. Each aspect of the Phase II model is illustrated here with examples from coastal ecosystems around the world. In the last section of this review I present one vision of the next (Phase III) stage in the evolution of our conceptual model, organized around 5 questions that will guide coastal science in the early 21st century: (1) How do system-specific attributes constrain or amplify the responses of coastal ecosystems to nutrient enrichment? (2) How does nutrient enrichment interact with other stressors (toxic contaminants, fishing harvest, aquaculture, nonindigenous species, habitat loss, climate change, hydrologic manipulations) to change coastal ecosystems? (3) How are responses to multiple stressors linked? (4) How does human-induced change in the coastal zone impact the Earth system as habitat for humanity and other species? (5) How can a deeper scientific understanding of the coastal eutrophication problem be applied to develop tools for building strategies at ecosystem restoration or rehabilitation?</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research","doi":"10.3354/meps210223","usgsCitation":"Cloern, J.E., 2001, Our evolving conceptual model of the coastal eutrophication problem: Marine Ecology Progress Series, v. 210, p. 223-253, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps210223.","productDescription":"31 p.","startPage":"223","endPage":"253","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478817,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/meps210223","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":314342,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"210","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5698d4cfe4b0fbd3f7fa4c55","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cloern, James E. 0000-0002-5880-6862 jecloern@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5880-6862","contributorId":1488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cloern","given":"James","email":"jecloern@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":588722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":30967,"text":"wri014212 - 2001 - Vertical profiles of streambed hydraulic conductivity determined using slug tests in central and western Nebraska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-09T15:26:43","indexId":"wri014212","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-4212","title":"Vertical profiles of streambed hydraulic conductivity determined using slug tests in central and western Nebraska","docAbstract":"Many issues of water-resources management\nrely on modeling of ground-water/surfacewater\ninteractions, and streambed hydraulic\nconductivity is a key parameter controlling the\nwater fluxes across the stream/aquifer interface.\nHowever, in central and western Nebraska, this\nparameter is generally undefined. The U.S.\nGeological Survey, in cooperation with the\nNebraska Platte River Cooperative Hydrology\nStudy Group, performed slug tests at 15 stream\nsites in the Platte, Republican, and Little Blue\nRiver watersheds to determine the hydraulic\nconductivity of streambeds in central and western\nNebraska. Slug tests were completed at several\ndiscrete depth intervals using pneumatic or\nmechanical methods, and the water-level response\nwas monitored on site using a pressure transducer\nand laptop computer. Responses were analyzed\nusing either the Bouwer and Rice or Springer and\nGelhar methods. Vertical profiles of hydraulic\nconductivity with depth were developed and were\ncompared to available information on lithology.\nThe profiles and corresponding lithology\nshowed that different types of streambeds were\ntested and suggested that some streambeds\ndisplay a large variability in hydraulic conductivity\nwith depth. In some cases, hydraulic\nconductivity values associated with nonstreambed\nmaterials could be identified from nearby\nlithologic descriptions. Seven of 15 sites had\nstreambed values that ranged over more than\n3 orders of magnitude, and that variability\nincreased significantly when the measurements\nconsidered to be from nonstreambed materials\nwere included. Streambed profiles from the Platte\nand South Platte River sites generally were more\nhomogeneous and of larger hydraulic conductivity\nthan the other sites. No restrictive layers\nwere detected at any of the streambed sites on the\nmain stems or the flood plains of the main stems\nof their respective watersheds. Alternatively, the\nprofiles characterized by a restrictive streambed\nlayer at some depth below the streambed surface\nwere all from tributary sites out of the main-stem\nflood plain. These profiles can be used to represent\nthe streambed hydraulic conductivity in\ncentral and western Nebraska in various applications,\nincluding modeling ground-water/surfacewater\ninteractions.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Lincoln, NB","doi":"10.3133/wri014212","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Nebraska Platte River Cooperative Hydrology Study Group","usgsCitation":"Rus, D.L., McGuire, V.L., Zurbuchen, B.R., and Zlotnik, V.A., 2001, Vertical profiles of streambed hydraulic conductivity determined using slug tests in central and western Nebraska: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4212, iv, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri014212.","productDescription":"iv, 32 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":159964,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri014212.jpg"},{"id":286071,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4212/report.pdf"}],"scale":"2000000","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -104.15,40.15 ], [ -104.15,41.93 ], [ -96.83,41.93 ], [ -96.83,40.15 ], [ -104.15,40.15 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a13e4b07f02db60212a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rus, David L. 0000-0003-3538-7826 dlrus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3538-7826","contributorId":881,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rus","given":"David","email":"dlrus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":204478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGuire, Virginia L. 0000-0002-3962-4158 vlmcguir@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3962-4158","contributorId":404,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"Virginia","email":"vlmcguir@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":204477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zurbuchen, Brian R.","contributorId":81531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zurbuchen","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zlotnik, Vitaly A.","contributorId":19985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zlotnik","given":"Vitaly","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":30961,"text":"wri20014188 - 2001 - Low-Level Volatile Organic Compounds in Active Public Supply Wells as Ground-Water Tracers in the Los Angeles Physiographic Basin, California, 2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:08","indexId":"wri20014188","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-4188","title":"Low-Level Volatile Organic Compounds in Active Public Supply Wells as Ground-Water Tracers in the Los Angeles Physiographic Basin, California, 2000","docAbstract":"Data were collected to evaluate the use of low-level volatile organic compounds (VOC) to assess the vulnerability of public supply wells in the Los Angeles physiographic basin. Samples of untreated ground water from 178 active public supply wells in the Los Angeles physiographic basin show that VOCs were detected in 61 percent of the ground-water samples; most of these detections were low, with only 29 percent above 1 mg/L (microgram per liter). Thirty-nine of the 86 VOCs analyzed were detected in at least one sample, and 11 VOCs were detected in 7 percent or more of the samples. The six most frequently detected VOCs were trichloromethane (chloroform) (46 percent); trichloroethene (TCE) (28 percent); tetrachloro-ethene (PCE) (19 percent); methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) (14 percent); 1,1-dichloroethane (11 percent); and 1,1,1-trichloroethane (TCA) (11 percent). These VOCs were also the most frequently detected VOCs in ground water representative of a wide range of hydrologically conditions in urban areas nationwide. Only two VOCs (TCE and PCE) exceeded state and federal primary maximum contaminant levels (MCL) for drinking water in a total of seven samples. Because samples were collected prior to water treatment, sample concentrations do not represent the concentrations entering the drinking-water system.Ground water containing VOCs may be considered to be a tracer of postindustrial-aged water-water that was recharged after the onset of intense urban development. The overall distribution of VOC detections is related to the hydrological and the engineered recharge facilities in the Coastal Los Angeles Basin and the Coastal Santa Ana Basin that comprise the Los Angeles physiographic basin. Most of the ground-water recharge occurs at engineered recharge facilities in the generally coarse-grained northeastern parts of the study area (forebay areas). Ground-water recharge from the land surface is minimal in the southwestern part of the basins, distal from the recharge facilities, where clay layers impede the vertical migration of ground water (pressure areas).VOCs are not uniformly distributed over the study area. Most of the wells with multiple VOC detections, which also have the highest concentrations, are in the forebay areas and are clustered proximal to the recharge facilities. In addition, the number of VOC detections and VOC concentrations decrease beyond about 10-15 kilometers from the recharge facilities. The distribution of individual VOCs is also related to their history of use. MTBE traces ground water recharged during about the last decade and is detected almost exclusively in the forebay areas. Chloroform, which has been used since the 1920s, is more widely distributed and is detected at the greatest distances from the recharge facilities.Downward migration of VOCs from the land surface may be a viable process for VOCs to reach aquifers in parts of the forebay areas, but there is little indication that the same process is active in the pressure area. The lack of contrast in the number of VOC detections between wells of different depths over most of the study area suggests that the downward migration from the land surface is not a dominant pathway for VOCs to travel to the capture zones of public supply wells. Isolated occurrences of multiple VOC detections and high concentrations of VOCs in individual wells may indicate rapid vertical transport from a localized source. Stable isotope data indicate that ground water containing VOCs is a mixture of local precipitation and runoff with water that is isotopically lighter (more negative) than the local sources. The isotopically lighter water could either be Colorado River water or State Water Project water, both of which are imported to the basin and used as a source of recharge to the ground-water flow system. The stable isotope data support the interpretation that VOCs in ground water are associated with the engineered recharge facilities.Two of the most frequently detecte","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/wri20014188","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the California State Water Resources Control Board","usgsCitation":"Shelton, J.L., Burow, K.R., Belitz, K., Dubrovsky, N.M., Land, M., and Gronberg, J., 2001, Low-Level Volatile Organic Compounds in Active Public Supply Wells as Ground-Water Tracers in the Los Angeles Physiographic Basin, California, 2000: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4188, 35 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri20014188.","productDescription":"35 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":159932,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":11336,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ca.water.usgs.gov/archive/reports/wrir014188/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":21876,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/wri014188/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -118.66666666666667,33.5 ], [ -118.66666666666667,34.166666666666664 ], [ -117.58333333333333,34.166666666666664 ], [ -117.58333333333333,33.5 ], [ -118.66666666666667,33.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6fe4b07f02db640e46","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shelton, Jennifer L. 0000-0001-8508-0270 jshelton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8508-0270","contributorId":1155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shelton","given":"Jennifer","email":"jshelton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":204457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burow, Karen R. 0000-0001-6006-6667 krburow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6006-6667","contributorId":1504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burow","given":"Karen","email":"krburow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":204458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Belitz, Kenneth 0000-0003-4481-2345 kbelitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4481-2345","contributorId":442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belitz","given":"Kenneth","email":"kbelitz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":204456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dubrovsky, Neil M. 0000-0001-7786-1149 nmdubrov@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7786-1149","contributorId":1799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dubrovsky","given":"Neil","email":"nmdubrov@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":204459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Land, Michael 0000-0001-5141-0307","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5141-0307","contributorId":56613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Land","given":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gronberg, JoAnn","contributorId":41866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gronberg","given":"JoAnn","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70204100,"text":"70204100 - 2001 - Patterns and processes of wetland loss in coastal Louisiana are complex: A reply to Turner 2001. Estimating the indirect effects of hydrologic change on wetland loss: If the Earth is curved, then how would we know it? ","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-05T15:20:12","indexId":"70204100","displayToPublicDate":"2001-12-31T18:43:18","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1583,"text":"Estuaries","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Patterns and processes of wetland loss in coastal Louisiana are complex: A reply to Turner 2001. Estimating the indirect effects of hydrologic change on wetland loss: If the Earth is curved, then how would we know it? ","docAbstract":"<p>The coastal wetlands of Louisiana comprise a&nbsp;vast expanse of marine to freshwater wetland plant&nbsp;communities interspersed w-ith shallow bays and&nbsp;bayous. These wetlands were built by processes associated with the present-day Mississippi and Atchatfalaya River deltas and older distributaries occupied by the river over the past 7,000 }rears. The&nbsp;high rates of wetland loss identified in this system&nbsp;during the 20th century have serious consequences for living resources (Boesch et al. 1994) and&nbsp;coastal residents, and they affect our ability to&nbsp;maintain navigation and flood control. The restoration and management response to this problem&nbsp;must be grounded in a sound understanding of the&nbsp;causative factors. The system has been highly altered by river levees, roads and railway embankments, impoundments, and canals of many dimensions dredged for a variety of purposes. These&nbsp;changes have been imposed on a landscape that is&nbsp;essentially the result of a delicate natural balance&nbsp;between wetland building processes and compaction, subsidence, and sea-level rise. Many now recognize that coastal wetlands can cope with relatively high rates of subsidence and sea-level rise, as&nbsp;long as the processes that ensure wetland sustainability through vertical accumulation of substrate&nbsp;remain unimpaired (Boesch et al. 2000).<br></p><p>The challenge facing both the scientific community and coastal resource managers in Louisiana&nbsp;is to look to the future. We must use our understanding of the problem and how it evolved to develop a multi-use ecosystem management plan, and&nbsp;some efforts have been made by state and federal&nbsp;agencies towards this goal (LCWCRTF &amp; WCRA&nbsp;1998). The present discussions (Turner 1997,&nbsp;2001; Day et al. 2000; Gosselink 2001) demonstrate&nbsp;the complexity of the issues faced in Louisiana.&nbsp;While such discourse is common in the scientific&nbsp;community where varied approaches and interpretations are a sign of vitality, it is helpful to be clear&nbsp;about the state of knowledge and what levels of&nbsp;uncertainty exist. We seek to clarify some of the&nbsp;issues that have been raised in the discussion, recognizing that our best-available science cannot yet&nbsp;resolve many of them as completely as all would&nbsp;like. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Link","doi":"10.2307/1353263","usgsCitation":"Day, J.W., Shaffer, G., Reed, D.J., Cahoon, D.R., Britsch, L.D., and Hawes, S., 2001, Patterns and processes of wetland loss in coastal Louisiana are complex: A reply to Turner 2001. Estimating the indirect effects of hydrologic change on wetland loss: If the Earth is curved, then how would we know it? : Estuaries, v. 24, no. 2, p. 647-651, https://doi.org/10.2307/1353263.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"647","endPage":"651","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":365302,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Louisiana Coastal Zones, Mississippi River Delta","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -90.65917968749999,\n              30.619004797647808\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.16455078125,\n              29.973970240516614\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.7578125,\n              29.99300228455108\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.6474609375,\n              30.06909396443887\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.8671875,\n              29.859701442126756\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.7353515625,\n              29.6880527498568\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.49365234375,\n              29.707139348134145\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.87841796875,\n              29.554345125748267\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.08740234375,\n              29.401319510041485\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.62597656249999,\n              29.458731185355344\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.01074218749999,\n              29.094577077511826\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.41748046874999,\n              29.248063243796576\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.28564453124999,\n              28.9600886880068\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.9560546875,\n              29.11377539511439\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.912109375,\n              29.401319510041485\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.736328125,\n              29.248063243796576\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.1650390625,\n              28.92163128242129\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.87939453125,\n              29.152161283318915\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.1650390625,\n              30.012030680358613\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.6484375,\n              30.183121842195515\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.8681640625,\n              30.637912028341123\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.65917968749999,\n              30.619004797647808\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"24","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Day, John W.","contributorId":200323,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Day","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":5115,"text":"Louisiana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":765504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shaffer, Gary P.","contributorId":72688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaffer","given":"Gary P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":765505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reed, Denise J.","contributorId":71903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"Denise","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":765506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cahoon, Donald R. 0000-0002-2591-5667 dcahoon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2591-5667","contributorId":3791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cahoon","given":"Donald","email":"dcahoon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":765507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Britsch, Louis D.","contributorId":78024,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Britsch","given":"Louis","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":765508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hawes, Suzanne","contributorId":51376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hawes","given":"Suzanne","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":765509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70226513,"text":"70226513 - 2001 - Sequence stratigraphy of a South Florida carbonate ramp and bounding siliciclastics (late Miocene-Pliocene)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-22T17:28:44.297881","indexId":"70226513","displayToPublicDate":"2001-12-31T10:56:43","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Sequence stratigraphy of a South Florida carbonate ramp and bounding siliciclastics (late Miocene-Pliocene)","docAbstract":"<p>In southern peninsular Florida, a late-early to early-late Pliocene carbonate ramp (Ochopee Limestone Member of the Tamiami Formation) is sandwiched between underlying marine siliciclastics of the late Miocene to early Pliocene Peace River Formation and an overlying late Pliocene unnamed sand. At least three depositional sequences (DS1, DS2, and DS3), of which two contain condensed sections, are recognized in the Peace River Formation; an additional depositional sequence (DS4) is proposed to include the Ochopee Limestone. </p><p>Established chronologies and new biostratigraphic results indicate that the Tortonian and Zanclean ages bracket the Peace River Formation. Depositional sequence 1 (DS1) prograded across the present-day peninsular portion of the Florida Platform during the Tortonian age and laps out near the southern margin of the peninsula. During the latest Tortonian and Messinian ages, progradation of DS2 overstepped the southern lap out of DS1 and extended at least as far as the Florida Keys. Deposition of DS2 ended, at the latest, near the Miocene-Pliocene boundary. Siliciclastic supply was reduced during early Pliocene deposition of DS3, which is absent in southernmost peninsular Florida. This reduction in supply of siliciclastics was followed by aggradational accumulation of heterozoan temperate carbonate sediments on a widespread carbonate ramp that includes the Ochopee Limestone. The Ochopee Limestone was deposited during eustatic cycle TB3.6 and ended in the late Pliocene with basinward lap out near the southern margin of the Florida peninsula. The Ochopee Limestone ramp was buried with a late Pliocene resumption of southward influx of siliciclastics (unnamed sand and Long Key Formation) that extended south beyond the middle and upper Florida Keys.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geology and hydrology of Lee County, Florida. Special publication 49","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Florida Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Cunningham, K.J., Bukry, D., Sato, T., Barron, J.A., Guertin, L.A., and Reese, R.S., 2001, Sequence stratigraphy of a South Florida carbonate ramp and bounding siliciclastics (late Miocene-Pliocene), chap. <i>of</i> Geology and hydrology of Lee County, Florida. Special publication 49, p. 35-66.","productDescription":"32 p.","startPage":"35","endPage":"66","costCenters":[{"id":269,"text":"FLWSC-Ft. Lauderdale","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":391990,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":391989,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://fldeploc.dep.state.fl.us/geodb_query/PubIndexResults.asp"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -82.69958496093749,\n              24.502144901210876\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.837646484375,\n              24.502144901210876\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.837646484375,\n              27.6543381066919\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.69958496093749,\n              27.6543381066919\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.69958496093749,\n              24.502144901210876\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cunningham, Kevin J. 0000-0002-2179-8686 kcunning@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2179-8686","contributorId":1689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cunningham","given":"Kevin","email":"kcunning@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":269,"text":"FLWSC-Ft. Lauderdale","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":827161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bukry, David 0000-0003-4540-890X dbukry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4540-890X","contributorId":3550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bukry","given":"David","email":"dbukry@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":827162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sato, T.","contributorId":65753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sato","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":827163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Barron, John A. 0000-0002-9309-1145 jbarron@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9309-1145","contributorId":2222,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barron","given":"John","email":"jbarron@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":827164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Guertin, Laura A.","contributorId":83969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guertin","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":827165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Reese, Ronald S. rsreese@usgs.gov","contributorId":1090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reese","given":"Ronald","email":"rsreese@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":827166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70257428,"text":"70257428 - 2001 - Watershed delineation using the National Elevation Dataset and semiautomated techniques","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-08-15T16:25:11.608095","indexId":"70257428","displayToPublicDate":"2001-12-01T11:19:32","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Watershed delineation using the National Elevation Dataset and semiautomated techniques","docAbstract":"<p><span>Federal, State, and local agencies have realized that currently available hydrologic units are not of sufficient scale for many applications. An interagency effort is under way to subdivide hydrologic units into smaller units called watersheds and subwatersheds. The National Elevation Dataset contains the best available elevation data merged into a seamless database for the entire United States. These data can be readily used to delineate watershed and subwatershed basins. Recently developed ArcView tools facilitate the semiautomatic delineation of watersheds and subwatersheds.</span><br></p>","conferenceTitle":"21st Annual Esri International User Conference","conferenceDate":"July 9-13, 2001","conferenceLocation":"San Diego, CA","usgsCitation":"Kost, J.R., and Kelly, G.G., 2001, Watershed delineation using the National Elevation Dataset and semiautomated techniques, 21st Annual Esri International User Conference, San Diego, CA, July 9-13, 2001, HTML Document.","productDescription":"HTML Document","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":432782,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":432781,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://proceedings.esri.com/library/userconf/proc01/professional/papers/pap421/p421.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kost, Jay R. jkost@usgs.gov","contributorId":3931,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kost","given":"Jay","email":"jkost@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":910332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kelly, Glenn G.","contributorId":342745,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelly","given":"Glenn","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":910333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70263765,"text":"70263765 - 2001 - Development of a national seamless database of topography and hydrologic derivatives","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-24T14:31:28.202472","indexId":"70263765","displayToPublicDate":"2001-12-01T10:33:46","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Development of a national seamless database of topography and hydrologic derivatives","docAbstract":"<p>The recent completion of the National Elevation Dataset (NED) and the National Hydrography Dataset (NHD) has provided an avenue for nationwide development of topographically derived hydrologic data layers at a scale of 1:24,000. This multilayer dataset of hydrologic derivatives, entitled the Elevation Derivatives for National Applications (EDNA), is being developed by a consortium of participants, including the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), National Weather Service (NWS), the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and others. After the dataset is completed, terabytes of data will need to be stored, managed and distributed. To facilitate browse and, ultimately, delivery of the EDNA data, the consortium decided to manage the data layers with ArcSDE and provide browse and delivery of the data through the use of ArcIMS. </p>","conferenceTitle":"21st Users Conference","conferenceDate":"July 9-13, 2001","conferenceLocation":"San Diego, CA","language":"English","publisher":"Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI)","usgsCitation":"Franken, S.K., Tyler, D.J., and Verdin, K.L., 2001, Development of a national seamless database of topography and hydrologic derivatives, 21st Users Conference, San Diego, CA, July 9-13, 2001, 9 p.","productDescription":"9 p.","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":482341,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Franken, Sandra K. 0000-0002-2846-6836","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2846-6836","contributorId":149840,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Franken","given":"Sandra","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":928187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tyler, Dean J. 0000-0002-1542-7539 dtyler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1542-7539","contributorId":177897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tyler","given":"Dean","email":"dtyler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":928188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Verdin, Kristine L. 0000-0002-6114-4660 kverdin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6114-4660","contributorId":3070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verdin","given":"Kristine","email":"kverdin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":928189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70199233,"text":"70199233 - 2001 - Role of environmental variability in evaluating stressor effects","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-12T07:55:12","indexId":"70199233","displayToPublicDate":"2001-12-01T07:45:38","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"5","title":"Role of environmental variability in evaluating stressor effects","docAbstract":"<p>In this chapter, we discuss how environmental variability affects the exposure of organisms and ecological systems to stressors, and give guidance on how to understand influences of stressors. We consider the characteristics of environmental variability and issues relating to the measurement of environmental variation. We discuss how to select the optimal indicators of ecological response in a variable natural environment. Finally, we suggest some approaches to incorporate environmental variability into resource management. In all cases we employ examples and case studies throughout to illustrate principles.&nbsp;</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological variability: Separating natural from anthropogenic causes of ecosystem impairment","language":"English","publisher":"SETAC Press","usgsCitation":"Luoma, S.N., 2001, Role of environmental variability in evaluating stressor effects, chap. 5 <i>of</i> Ecological variability: Separating natural from anthropogenic causes of ecosystem impairment, p. 141-178.","productDescription":"38 p.","startPage":"141","endPage":"178","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357244,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10f5a0e4b034bf6a8070e6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Luoma, Samuel N. 0000-0001-5443-5091 snluoma@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5443-5091","contributorId":2287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luoma","given":"Samuel","email":"snluoma@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":744775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":61489,"text":"mf2381C - 2001 - Isostatic gravity map of the Death Valley ground-water model area, Nevada and California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-21T10:20:14","indexId":"mf2381C","displayToPublicDate":"2001-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2381","chapter":"C","title":"Isostatic gravity map of the Death Valley ground-water model area, Nevada and California","docAbstract":"An isostatic gravity map of the Death Valley groundwater model area was prepared from over 40,0000 gravity stations as part of an interagency effort by the U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S. Department of Energy to help characterize the geology and hydrology of southwest Nevada and parts of California.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/mf2381C","usgsCitation":"Ponce, D., Blakely, R., Morin, R.L., and Mankinen, E., 2001, Isostatic gravity map of the Death Valley ground-water model area, Nevada and California: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2381, Sheet 48 by 64 inches (in color). (Accompanied by 6 page text.), https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2381C.","productDescription":"Sheet 48 by 64 inches (in color). (Accompanied by 6 page text.)","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":187065,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6052,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2002/mf-2381/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"250000","country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -118,35 ], [ -118,38.25 ], [ -115,38.25 ], [ -115,35 ], [ -118,35 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa7e4b07f02db667076","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ponce, D. A. 0000-0003-4785-7354","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4785-7354","contributorId":104019,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ponce","given":"D. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blakely, R.J. 0000-0003-1701-5236","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1701-5236","contributorId":70755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blakely","given":"R.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Morin, R. L.","contributorId":95484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morin","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mankinen, E. A. 0000-0001-7496-2681","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7496-2681","contributorId":31786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mankinen","given":"E. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":31182,"text":"ofr00441 - 2001 - Concentrations and loads of cadmium, lead, zinc, and nutrients measured during the 1999 water year within the Spokane River basin, Idaho and Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-11-25T21:27:26","indexId":"ofr00441","displayToPublicDate":"2001-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-441","title":"Concentrations and loads of cadmium, lead, zinc, and nutrients measured during the 1999 water year within the Spokane River basin, Idaho and Washington","docAbstract":"The Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study conducted by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency within the Spokane River Basin of northern Idaho and eastern Washington included extensive data-collection activities to determine the nature and extent of trace-element contaminationwithin the basin. The U.S. Geological Survey designed and operated a streamflow and water quality\nmonitoring network in the basin during the 1999 water year (October 1, 1998, through September 30, 1999) in support of this Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study. The objective for\nthe network was to quantify the absolute and relative magnitude of hydrologic, trace-element, and nutrient loads transported by numerous stream reaches within the Spokane River Basin. Of the 29 water-quality stations in the network, 19 were in the Coeur d?Alene River Basin, 2 were in the St. Joe River Basin, and the remaining 8 were on the Spokane River downstream from Coeur d'Alene Lake. All stations were sampled for whole-water recoverable and dissolved concentrations of cadmium, lead, and zinc. Nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations were sampled at nine stations to determine loads of nutrients into and out of Coeur d'Alene Lake and transported down the Spokane River into the Columbia River. Mean daily discharge during the 1999 water year was about 120 percent of the long-term average. Trace-element loads to the Columbia River were calculated for the basin's terminal station, Spokane River at Long Lake. For whole-water recoverable cadmium, 2,110 pounds, 92 percent of which was dissolved, was delivered to the Columbia River. The Columbia River received 25,000 pounds of whole-water recoverable lead, 29 percent of which was dissolved, from the Spokane River Basin. The largest trace-element load delivered to the Columbia River by the Spokane River was 764,000 pounds of whole-water recoverable zinc, 76 percent of which was dissolved. The primary source of trace-element loads in the Spokane River Basin was the Coeur d'Alene River Basin. The South Fork Coeur d'Alene River was the largest source of dissolved and wholewater recoverable loads of cadmium and zinc. In contrast, the main stem of the Coeur d'Alene River was the largest source of dissolved and wholewater recoverable loads of lead. Within the South Fork, substantial increases in dissolved loads of cadmium, lead, and zinc were detected in excess of those measured by the monitoring network stations upstream from the terminal station, South Fork Coeur d'Alene River near Pinehurst. Much of the added load was attributed to inflow of traceelement-contaminated ground water. Similarly, increases in whole-water recoverable loads of cadmium, lead, and zinc were detected in the South Fork in excess of measured loads; these were attributed largely to erosion and transport of sediment-associated trace elements during increased stream discharge events. Coeur d'Alene Lake received nearly all its trace-element loads from the Coeur d'Alene River. The lake retained the majority of the dissolved and whole-water recoverable loads of lead input to it, but retained almost none of its dissolved and whole-water recoverable loads of zinc. About one-half of the dissolved and whole-water recoverable loads of cadmium was retained in the lake. Within the Spokane River Basin, the largest loads of total nitrogen, 13,000,000 pounds, and total phosphorus, 677,000 pounds, were measuredat Spokane River at Long Lake, the station closest to the Columbia River. At Coeur d'Alene Lake, total nitrogen loads input to the lake from the Coeur d'Alene and St. Joe Rivers totaled 1,890,000 pounds; the lake discharged 2,430,000 pounds. The lake received 253,000 pounds of total phosphorus and discharged 187,000 pounds; thus, 66,000 pounds was retained by the lake.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr00441","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Woods, P.F., 2001, Concentrations and loads of cadmium, lead, zinc, and nutrients measured during the 1999 water year within the Spokane River basin, Idaho and Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-441, iv, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr00441.","productDescription":"iv, 32 p.","numberOfPages":"38","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":262350,"rank":800,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0441/report.pdf"},{"id":262351,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0441/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Coeur D'alene River Basin;St. Joe River Basin;Coeur D'alene Lake;Long Lake","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -118.4966,46.753 ], [ -118.4966,47.9947 ], [ -114.9876,47.9947 ], [ -114.9876,46.753 ], [ -118.4966,46.753 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b16e4b07f02db6a55d6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Woods, P. F.","contributorId":97509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woods","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":31243,"text":"ofr0189 - 2001 - Benthic flux of dissolved nickel into the water column of south San Francisco Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-08T16:03:50.023958","indexId":"ofr0189","displayToPublicDate":"2001-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-89","title":"Benthic flux of dissolved nickel into the water column of south San Francisco Bay","docAbstract":"<p>Field and laboratory studies were conducted between April, 1998 and May, 1999 to provide the first direct measurements of the benthic flux of dissolved (0.2-micron filtered) nickel between the bottom sediment and water column at three sites in the southern component of San Francisco Bay (South Bay), California. Dissolved nickel and predominant ligands (represented by dissolved organic carbon, and sulfides) were the solutes of primary interest, although a variety of ancillary measurements were also performed to provide a framework for interpretation. Results described herein integrate information needs identified by the State Water Resources Control Board and local stakeholders with fundamental research associated with the U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program. Dissolved-Ni concentrations in the bottom water over the three sampling dates ranged from 34 to 43 nanomoles per liter. Dissolved-macronutrient concentrations in the bottom water were consistently higher (frequently by orders of magnitude) than surface-water determinations reported for similar times and locations (Regional Monitoring Program, 2001). This is consistent with measured positive benthic fluxes for the macronutrients. Benthic-flux estimates for dissolved nickel from core-incubations, when areally averaged over the South Bay, were significant (that is, of equivalent or greater order of magnitude) relative to previously reported freshwater point and non-point sources. This observation is consistent with previous determinations for other metals, and with the potential remobilization of sediment-associated metals that have been ubiquitously distributed in the South Bay. Similar to dissolved-nickel results, benthic flux of macronutrients was also consistently significant relative to surface-water inputs. These results add to a growing body of knowledge that strongly suggests a need to consider contaminant transport across the sediment-water interface when establishing future management strategies for the watershed.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr0189","usgsCitation":"Topping, B., Kuwabara, J., Parcheso, F., Hager, S., Arnsberg, A., and Murphy, F., 2001, Benthic flux of dissolved nickel into the water column of south San Francisco Bay: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-89, 50 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr0189.","productDescription":"50 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":2845,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr01-089/index.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":160776,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -123.035888671875,\n              37.36142550190517\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.84936523437499,\n              37.36142550190517\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.84936523437499,\n              38.1777509666256\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.035888671875,\n              38.1777509666256\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.035888671875,\n              37.36142550190517\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a53e4b07f02db62b5cd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Topping, B.R.","contributorId":97541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Topping","given":"B.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kuwabara, J.S.","contributorId":57905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuwabara","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Parcheso, Francis 0000-0002-9471-7787 parchaso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9471-7787","contributorId":2590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parcheso","given":"Francis","email":"parchaso@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":205450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hager, S.W.","contributorId":51746,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hager","given":"S.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Arnsberg, A.J.","contributorId":92715,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arnsberg","given":"A.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Murphy, Fred fmurphy@usgs.gov","contributorId":4572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murphy","given":"Fred","email":"fmurphy@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":205451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":61491,"text":"mf2381E - 2001 - Map showing depth to pre-Cenozoic basement in the Death Valley ground-water model area, Nevada and California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:49","indexId":"mf2381E","displayToPublicDate":"2001-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2381","chapter":"E","title":"Map showing depth to pre-Cenozoic basement in the Death Valley ground-water model area, Nevada and California","docAbstract":"A depth to basement map of the Death Valley groundwater model area was prepared using over 40,0000 gravity stations as part of an interagency effort by the U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S. Department of Energy to help characterize the geology and hydrology of southwest Nevada and parts of California.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/mf2381E","usgsCitation":"Blakely, R., and Ponce, D., 2001, Map showing depth to pre-Cenozoic basement in the Death Valley ground-water model area, Nevada and California: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2381, Sheet 48 by 64 inches (in color). (Accompanied by 6 page text.) , https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2381E.","productDescription":"Sheet 48 by 64 inches (in color). (Accompanied by 6 page text.) ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":110227,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_45090.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"45090"},{"id":187067,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6054,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2002/mf-2381/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"250000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -118,35 ], [ -118,38.25 ], [ -115,38.25 ], [ -115,35 ], [ -118,35 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9fe4b07f02db660db6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blakely, R.J. 0000-0003-1701-5236","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1701-5236","contributorId":70755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blakely","given":"R.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ponce, D. A. 0000-0003-4785-7354","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4785-7354","contributorId":104019,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ponce","given":"D. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":31234,"text":"ofr0174 - 2001 - Analytical data for waters of the Harvard Open Pit, Jamestown Mine, Tuolumne County, California, March 1998-September 1999","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-23T15:48:42.372237","indexId":"ofr0174","displayToPublicDate":"2001-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-74","title":"Analytical data for waters of the Harvard Open Pit, Jamestown Mine, Tuolumne County, California, March 1998-September 1999","docAbstract":"The Jamestown mine is located in the Jamestown mining district in western Tuolumne County, California (see Fig. 1). This district is one of many located on or near the Melones fault zone, a major regional suture in the Sierra Nevada foothills. The districts along the Melones fault comprise the Mother Lode gold belt (Clark, 1970).\n\nThe Harvard pit is the largest of several open pits mined at the Jamestown site by Sonora Mining Corporation between 1986 and 1994 (Fig. 2; Algood, 1990). It is at the site of an historical mine named the Harvard that produced about 100,000 troy ounces of gold, mainly between 1906 and 1916 (Julihn and Horton, 1940).\n\nSonora Mining mined and processed about 17,000,000 short tons of ore, with an overall stripping ratio of about 4.5:1, yielding about 660,000 troy ounces of gold (Nelson and Leicht, 1994). Most of this material came from the Harvard pit, which attained dimensions of about 2700 ft (830 m) in length, 1500 ft (460 m) in width, and 600 ft (185 m) in depth. The bottom of the pit is at an elevation of 870 ft (265 m). Since mining operations ceased in mid-1994, the open pit has been filling with water. As of November, 2000, lake level had reached an elevation of about 1170 ft (357 m).\n\nWater quality monitoring data gathered after mine closure showed rising levels of arsenic, sulfate, and other components in the lake, with particularly notable increases accompanying a period of rapid filling in 1995 (County of Tuolumne, 1998). The largest potential source for arsenic in the vicinity of the Harvard pit is arsenian pyrite, the most abundant sulfide mineral related to gold mineralization. A previous study of weathering of arsenian pyrite in similarly mineralized rocks at the Clio mine, in the nearby Jacksonville mining district, showed that arsenic released by weathering of arsenian pyrite is effectively attenuated by adsorption on goethite or coprecipitation with jarosite, depending upon the buffering capacity of the pyrite-bearing rock (Savage and others, 2000). Although jarosite would be expected to dissolve in water having the composition of the developing pit lake, iron oxyhydroxide species (ferrihydrite and goethite) would be stable, and strong partitioning of arsenic onto suspended particles or bottom sediments containing these iron phases would be expected. Arsenic release to the lake would not be expected until stratification develops, producing a reducing, non-circulating hypolimnion in which the iron phases would be destroyed by dissolution.\n\nThe fact that arsenic concentrations increased rapidly before the pit lake was deep enough to stratify shows that arsenic may not be attenuated in the ways that the earlier Clio mine area study indicated, and suggested that our understanding of release and transport of arsenic in this environment is incomplete. Therefore, in 1997 we decided to study the chemical evolution of the Harvard pit lake as part of a project on environmental impacts of gold mining in the Sierra Nevada, and in early 1998 we developed a cooperative study with several of the investigators in the Stanford University Department of Geological and Environmental Sciences who had done the Clio study. The U.S. Geological Survey portion of the project has been funded by the Mineral Resources Program.\n\nIt is anticipated that a better understanding of the release and transport of arsenic into the Harvard pit lake and its accumulation there will contribute to more accurate predictions of arsenic release from weathering of sulfide-bearing rocks exposed by mining or other activities or events, and to better forecasts of pit lake evolution in this and similar environments, leading to more effective monitoring and mitigation strategies.\n\nAn accurate predictive model is needed for the Harvard pit lake to forecast trends in metal concentrations, particularly arsenic, and also concentrations of major cations and anions. As the lake approaches pre-mining groundwater levels the lake water could move down the hydrologic gradient to the southeast into domestic wells, and could also affect the surface water of Woods Creek (see Figures 1-3).\n\nThis report presents data for water samples collected from March, 1998 through September, 1999. Selected preliminary data for the pit lake for the 1998 calendar year have been reported (Savage and others, 2000).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr0174","usgsCitation":"Ashley, R.P., and Savage, K.S., 2001, Analytical data for waters of the Harvard Open Pit, Jamestown Mine, Tuolumne County, California, March 1998-September 1999: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-74, Report: ii, 13 p.; 3 Tables; Data Table, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr0174.","productDescription":"Report: ii, 13 p.; 3 Tables; Data Table","numberOfPages":"15","temporalStart":"1998-03-01","temporalEnd":"1999-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":160560,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr0174.jpg"},{"id":282004,"rank":6,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0074/tables2-4.xls","text":"Tables 2-4 Excel format","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"}},{"id":2803,"rank":8,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0074/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":282003,"rank":5,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0074/pdf/table4.pdf","text":"Table 4","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":282002,"rank":4,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0074/pdf/table3.pdf","text":"Table 3","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":282001,"rank":3,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0074/pdf/table2.pdf","text":"Table 2","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":282000,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0074/pdf/of01-074.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":407176,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_37339.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Tuolumme County","otherGeospatial":"Jamestown Mine","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -120.453,\n              37.955\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.405,\n              37.955\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.405,\n              37.93\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.453,\n              37.93\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.453,\n              37.955\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acee4b07f02db67fa7f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ashley, R. P.","contributorId":50513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ashley","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Savage, K. S.","contributorId":6903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savage","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":31211,"text":"ofr0134 - 2001 - Concentrations and loads of cadmium, zinc, and lead in the main stem Coeur d'Alene River, Idaho&mdash;March, June, September, and October 1999","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-11-25T20:37:00","indexId":"ofr0134","displayToPublicDate":"2001-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-34","title":"Concentrations and loads of cadmium, zinc, and lead in the main stem Coeur d'Alene River, Idaho&mdash;March, June, September, and October 1999","docAbstract":"The Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study conducted by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency within the Spokane River Basin of northern Idaho and eastern Washington included extensive data-collection activities in numerous studies to determine the nature and extent of trace-element contamination within the basin. The objective of this particular study was to improve our understanding\nof the effects of different river discharges and lake levels of Coeur d'Alene Lake on the transport of cadmium, zinc, and lead within the main stem Coeur d'Alene River. In particular, water-quality data and loads during a broad range of hydrologic conditions were examined to determine if the river channel, flood plain, and associated ground water along the main stem Coeur d'Alene River acted as sources or sinks of trace elements. Water-quality samples were collected at six riverine stations and one lake station along a 35-mile reach during March, June, September, and October of 1999. Samples were analyzed for whole-water recoverable, filtered (0.45 micrometer), and dissolved (0.01 micrometer) concentrations of cadmium, zinc, and lead. Concentrations and loads of cadmium and zinc measured during the four sampling trips were predominately in the filtered and dissolved fraction ,rather than particulate. The smallest concentrations were measured during the June sampling trip when flows were high and snowmelt runoff diluted riverine concentrations. Conversely, the largest concentrations were measured during the latter two sampling trips when flows were low because a larger proportion of the river's discharge was contributed by ground-water inflow. During each sampling trip, cadmium and zinc concentrations generally decreased in a downstream directioeven as discharge increased in a downstream direction. Spatial and temporal trends exhibited by lead concentrations and loads during the four sampling trips were different from those of cadmium and zinc because of the propensity for lead to adsorb to sediment particles. Whole-water recoverable lead concentrations and loads during the four sampling trips were predominantly in the particulate fraction, with filtered and dissolved concentrations and loads composing a much smaller proportion of the recoverable fraction compared to cadmium and zinc. Filtered lead concentrations generally increased at a faster rate in the downstream direction than dissolved lead concentrations; thus, colloidallead either was being formed by complexation reactions or being added by sediment erosion in the downstream direction.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr0134","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Woods, P.F., 2001, Concentrations and loads of cadmium, zinc, and lead in the main stem Coeur d'Alene River, Idaho&mdash;March, June, September, and October 1999: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-34, iv, 33 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr0134.","productDescription":"iv, 33 p.","numberOfPages":"39","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":262352,"rank":800,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0034/report.pdf"},{"id":262353,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0034/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","city":"Coeur D'alene;Cataldo;Harrison","otherGeospatial":"Coeur D'alene Lake;Rose Lake;Post Falls Dam","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.0464,47.1971 ], [ -117.0464,47.9819 ], [ -115.995,47.9819 ], [ -115.995,47.1971 ], [ -117.0464,47.1971 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b16e4b07f02db6a5605","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Woods, P. F.","contributorId":97509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woods","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":31223,"text":"ofr0159 - 2001 - Geochemical baseline studies and relations between water quality and streamflow in the Upper Blackfoot watershed, Montana: Data for July 1997-December 1998","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-14T19:40:15.165949","indexId":"ofr0159","displayToPublicDate":"2001-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-59","title":"Geochemical baseline studies and relations between water quality and streamflow in the Upper Blackfoot watershed, Montana: Data for July 1997-December 1998","docAbstract":"We used ultraclean sampling techniques to study the solute (operationally defined as\r\n<0.2 ?m) surface water geochemistry at five sites along the Upper Blackfoot River and\r\nfour sites along the Landers Fork, some in more detail and more regularly than others. We\r\ncollected samples also from Hogum Creek, a tributary to the Blackfoot, from Copper\r\nCreek, a tributary to the Landers Fork, and from ground water seeps contributing to the\r\nflow along the Landers Fork. To better define the physical dynamics of the hydrologic\r\nsystem and to determine geochemical loads, we measured streamflow at all the sites where\r\nwe took samples for water quality analysis. The Upper Blackfoot River, which drains\r\nhistoric mines ca. 20 Km upstream of the study area, had higher trace metal concentrations\r\nthan did the Landers Fork, which drains the pristine Scapegoat Wilderness area. In both\r\nrivers, many of the major elements were inversely related to streamflow, and at some sites,\r\nseveral show a hysteresis effect in which the concentrations were lower on the rising limb\r\nof the hydrograph than on the falling limb. However, many of the trace elements followed\r\nfar more irregular trends, especially in the Blackfoot River. Elements such as As, Cu, Fe,\r\nMn, S, and Zn exhibited complex and variable temporal patterns, which included almost no\r\nresponse to streamflow differences, increased concentrations following a summer storm\r\nand at the start of snowmelt in the spring, and/or increased concentrations throughout the\r\ncourse of spring runoff. In summary, complex interactions between the timing and\r\nmagnitude of streamflow with physical and chemical processes within the watershed\r\nappeared to greatly influence the geochemistry at the sites, and streamflow values alone\r\nwere not good predictors of solute concentrations in the rivers.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr0159","usgsCitation":"Nagorski, S.A., Moore, J.N., and Smith, D., 2001, Geochemical baseline studies and relations between water quality and streamflow in the Upper Blackfoot watershed, Montana: Data for July 1997-December 1998: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-59, 99 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr0159.","productDescription":"99 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":406783,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_37217.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":2794,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr-01-0059/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":161031,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Upper Blackfoot watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -112.61,\n              46.949\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.498,\n              46.949\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.498,\n              47.017\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.61,\n              47.017\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.61,\n              46.949\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae61c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nagorski, Sonia A.","contributorId":32940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nagorski","given":"Sonia","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moore, Johnnie N.","contributorId":102532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Johnnie","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, David B. 0000-0001-8396-9105 dsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8396-9105","contributorId":1274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"David B.","email":"dsmith@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":205367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":31320,"text":"ofr01273 - 2001 - Method of analysis and quality-assurance practices by the U. S. Geological Survey Organic Geochemistry Research Group—Determination of four selected mosquito insecticides and a synergist in water using liquid-liquid extraction and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-23T16:31:24","indexId":"ofr01273","displayToPublicDate":"2001-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-273","displayTitle":"Method of Analysis and Quality-Assurance Practices by the U.S. Geological Survey Organic Geochemistry Research Group—Determination of Four Selected Mosquito Insecticides and a Synergist in Water Using Liquid-Liquid Extraction and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry","title":"Method of analysis and quality-assurance practices by the U. S. Geological Survey Organic Geochemistry Research Group—Determination of four selected mosquito insecticides and a synergist in water using liquid-liquid extraction and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry","docAbstract":"A method of analysis and quality-assurance practices were developed for the determination of four mosquito insecticides (malathion, metho-prene, phenothrin, and resmethrin) and one synergist (piperonyl butoxide) in water. The analytical method uses liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Good precision and accuracy were demonstrated in reagent water, urban surface water, and ground water. The mean accuracies as percentages of the true compound concentrations from water samples spiked at 10 and 50 nanograms per liter ranged from 68 to 171 percent, with standard deviations in concentrations of 27 nanograms per liter or less. The method detection limit for all compounds was 5.9 nanograms per liter or less for 247-milliliter samples. This method is valuable for acquiring information about the fate and transport of these mosquito insecticides and one synergist in water. ","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr01273","collaboration":"Prepared as part of the Toxics Substances Hydrology Program","usgsCitation":"Zimmerman, L., Strahan, A., and Thurman, E., 2001, Method of analysis and quality-assurance practices by the U. S. Geological Survey Organic Geochemistry Research Group—Determination of four selected mosquito insecticides and a synergist in water using liquid-liquid extraction and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-273, iv, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr01273.","productDescription":"iv, 11 p.","numberOfPages":"17","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":360118,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0273/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":360119,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0273/ofr20010273.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.19 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2001–0273"}],"country":"United 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 \"}}]}","contact":"<p><a href=\"mailto:%20dc_ks@usgs.gov\" data-mce-href=\"mailto:%20dc_ks@usgs.gov\">Director</a>, <a href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/kswsc\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/kswsc\">Kansas Water Science Center</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>1217 Biltmore Drive<br>Lawrence, KS 66049</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Abstract</li><li>Introduction</li><li>Method of Analysis</li><li>Method Performance</li><li>Quality-Control Data</li><li>Conclusions</li><li>References Cited</li></ul>","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4de4b07f02db6272ee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zimmerman, L.R.","contributorId":28624,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"L.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Strahan, A.P.","contributorId":6902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Strahan","given":"A.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thurman, E.M.","contributorId":102864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thurman","given":"E.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":31191,"text":"ofr00479 - 2001 - Selected ground-water data for Yucca Mountain region, southern Nevada and eastern California, through December 1999","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:07","indexId":"ofr00479","displayToPublicDate":"2001-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-479","title":"Selected ground-water data for Yucca Mountain region, southern Nevada and eastern California, through December 1999","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in support of the U.S. Department of Energy, Yucca Mountain Site Characterization Project, collects, compiles, and summarizes hydrologic data in the Yucca Mountain region. The data are collected to allow assessments of ground-water resources during studies to determine the potential suitability of Yucca Mountain for storing high-level nuclear waste.\r\n\r\nData on ground-water levels at 34 wells and a fissure (Devils Hole), ground-water discharge at 5 springs and a flowing well, and total reported ground-water withdrawals within Crater Flat, Jackass Flats, Mercury Valley, and the Amargosa Desert are presented for calendar year 1999. Data collected prior to 1999 are graphically presented and data collected by other agencies (or as part of other Geological Survey programs) are included to further indicate variations of ground-water levels, discharges, and withdrawals through time.\r\n\r\nA statistical summary of ground-water levels at seven wells in Jackass Flats is presented to indicate potential effects of ground-water withdrawals associated with U.S. Department of Energy activities near Yucca Mountain. The statistical summary includes the number of measurements, the maximum, minimum, and median water-level altitudes, and the average deviation of measured water-level altitudes for selected baseline periods and for calendar years 1992-99. At two water-supply wells median water levels for calendar year 1999 were unchanged from their respective baseline periods. At a nearby observation well, the 1999 median water level was slightly lower (0.1 foot) than its baseline period. At the remaining four wells in Jackass Flats, median water levels for 1999 were slightly higher (0.2 foot to 1.6 feet) than for their respective baseline periods.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr00479","usgsCitation":"Locke, G., 2001, Selected ground-water data for Yucca Mountain region, southern Nevada and eastern California, through December 1999: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-479, iv, 75 p. : ill., map ; 28 cm. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr00479.","productDescription":"iv, 75 p. : ill., map ; 28 cm. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":2703,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/ofr00479/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":160862,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a07e4b07f02db5f9914","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Locke, G.L.","contributorId":59065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Locke","given":"G.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":30867,"text":"wri004145 - 2001 - Cross-hole radar scanning of two vertical, permeable, reactive-iron walls at the Massachusetts Military Reservation, Cape Cod, Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-07T19:41:19.993642","indexId":"wri004145","displayToPublicDate":"2001-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-4145","title":"Cross-hole radar scanning of two vertical, permeable, reactive-iron walls at the Massachusetts Military Reservation, Cape Cod, Massachusetts","docAbstract":"A pilot-scale study was conducted by the U.S. Army National Guard (USANG) at the Massachusetts Military Reservation (MMR) on Cape Cod, Massachusetts, to assess the use of a hydraulic-fracturing method to create vertical, permeable walls of zero-valent iron to passively remediate ground water contaminated with chlorinated solvents. The study was conducted near the source area of the Chemical Spill-10 (CS-10) plume, a plume containing chlorinated solvents that underlies the MMR. Ground-water contamination near the source area extends from about 24 m (meters) to 35 m below land surface. The USANG designed two reactive-iron walls to be 12 m long and positioned 24 to 37 m below land surface to intersect and remediate part of the CS-10 plume.Because iron, as an electrical conductor, absorbs electromagnetic energy, the US Geological Survey used a cross-hole common-depth, radar scanning method to assess the continuity and to estimate the lateral and vertical extent of the two reactive-iron walls. The cross-hole radar surveys were conducted in boreholes on opposite sides of the iron injection zones using electric-dipole antennas with dominant center frequencies of 100 and 250 MHz. Significant decreases in the radar-pulse amplitudes observed in scans that traversed the injection zones were interpreted by comparing field data to results of two-dimensional finite-difference time-domain numerical models and laboratory-scale physical models.The numerical and physical models simulate a wall of perfectly conducting material embedded in saturated sand. Results from the numerical and physical models show that the amplitude of the radar pulse transmitted across the edge of a conductive wall is about 43 percent of the amplitude of a radar pulse transmitted across background material. The amplitude of a radar pulse transmitted through a hole in a conductive wall increases as the aperture of the hole increases. The modeling results indicate that holes with an aperture of less than 40 percent of the dominant wavelength of the radar pulse are not likely to be detected.Based on the results of the numerical and physical modeling, the decreases in radar-pulse amplitudes observed in scans traversing the injection zones are interpreted as electrically conductive zones that outline the distribution of iron. The area interpreted as iron in the northern A-wall contains two zones -- an upper zone about 10 m wide, extending from about 25 to 31 m below land surface, and a lower zone about 8 m wide, extending from 31.5 to 34.5 m below land surface. The area interpreted as iron in the southern B-wall is about 9 m wide, extending from about 27 to 34.5 m below land surface. No discrete holes were interpreted in either the A- or B-wall zones.The interpretation of the field data suggests that (1) the hydraulic-fracturing method introduced iron into the subsurface, but not in the dimensions originally proposed; (2) the iron within the treatment zones is distributed in a generally continuous manner; and (3) excluding the discontinuity in the A-wall, holes within the iron treatment zone, if any, exist at scales smaller than about 10 cm, the resolution limit of the radar antennas and acquisition geometry used for this study. The cross-hole radar method appears to have been an effective method for delineating the distribution of iron in the two walls; however, the veracity of the results cannot be ascertained without excavation or drilling into the treatment zone.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri004145","usgsCitation":"Lane, J., Joesten, P.K., and Savoie, J.G., 2001, Cross-hole radar scanning of two vertical, permeable, reactive-iron walls at the Massachusetts Military Reservation, Cape Cod, Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2000-4145, iii, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri004145.","productDescription":"iii, 17 p.","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":161374,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":368319,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/ogw/bgas/publications/wri004145/wri004145.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":415459,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_44699.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Cape Cod, Massachusetts Military Reservation","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -70.5897331237793,\n              41.70470324689898\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.49016952514648,\n              41.70470324689898\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.49016952514648,\n              41.76606236987991\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.5897331237793,\n              41.76606236987991\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.5897331237793,\n              41.70470324689898\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad0e4b07f02db680956","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lane, John W. Jr. 0000-0002-3558-243X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3558-243X","contributorId":210076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lane","given":"John W.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":204238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Joesten, Peter K. pjoesten@usgs.gov","contributorId":1929,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Joesten","given":"Peter","email":"pjoesten@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":204237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Savoie, Jennifer G. 0000-0002-3906-6782 jsavoie@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3906-6782","contributorId":194101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savoie","given":"Jennifer","email":"jsavoie@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":204239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":31123,"text":"ofr99250 - 2001 - Selected ground-water data for Yucca Mountain region, southern Nevada and eastern California, through December 1998","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:08","indexId":"ofr99250","displayToPublicDate":"2001-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-250","title":"Selected ground-water data for Yucca Mountain region, southern Nevada and eastern California, through December 1998","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in support of the U.S. Department of Energy, Yucca Mountain Site Characterization Project, collects, compiles, and summarizes hydrologic data in the Yucca Mountain region. The data are collected to allow assessments of ground-water resources during studies to determine the potential suitability of Yucca Mountain for storing high-level nuclear waste.\r\n\r\nData on ground-water levels at 34 wells and a fissure (Devils Hole), ground-water discharge at 5 springs and a flowing well, and total reported ground-water withdrawals within Crater Flat, Jackass Flats, Mercury Valley, and the Amargosa Desert are presented for calendar year 1998. Data collected prior to 1998 are graphically presented and data collected by other agencies (or as part of other Geolgical Survey programs) are included to further indicate variations of ground-water levels, discharges, and withdrawals through time.\r\n\r\nA statistical summary of ground-water levels at seven wells in Jackass Flats is presented to indicate potential effects of ground-water withdrawals associated with U.S. Department of Energy activities near Yucca Mountain. The statistical summary includes the number of measurements, the maximum, minimum, and median water-level altitudes, and the average deviation of measured water-level altitudes for selected baseline periods and for calendar years 1992-98. At two water-supply wells and a nearby observation well, median water levels for calendar year 1998 were slightly lower (0.2 to 0.3 foot) than for their respective baseline periods. At the remaining four wells in Jackass Flats, median water levels for 1998 were unchanged at two wells and slightly higher (0.4 and 1.4 foot) at two wells than those for their respective baseline periods.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr99250","usgsCitation":"Locke, G.L., 2001, Selected ground-water data for Yucca Mountain region, southern Nevada and eastern California, through December 1998: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-250, iv, 88 p. : ill., map ; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99250.","productDescription":"iv, 88 p. : ill., map ; 28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":160555,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":2611,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/ofr99250/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a07e4b07f02db5f9854","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Locke, Glenn L. gllocke@usgs.gov","contributorId":2479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Locke","given":"Glenn","email":"gllocke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":205055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":30913,"text":"wri014069 - 2001 - Estimation of hydraulic characteristics in the Santa Fe Group aquifer system using computer simulations of river and drain pulses in the Rio Bravo study area, near Albuquerque, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:04","indexId":"wri014069","displayToPublicDate":"2001-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-4069","title":"Estimation of hydraulic characteristics in the Santa Fe Group aquifer system using computer simulations of river and drain pulses in the Rio Bravo study area, near Albuquerque, New Mexico","docAbstract":"In 1997, the U.S. Geological Survey conducted a hydrologic \r\ninvestigation of the surface-water/ground-water interaction of \r\nthe Rio Grande and the surrounding alluvium and the Santa Fe Group \r\naquifer system in an area near the Rio Bravo Bridge, south of Albu-\r\nquerque, New Mexico. A set of existing wells and new wells were \r\ninstrumented to monitor water levels in a section perpendicular to \r\nthe Rio Grande on the east side of the river. Equipment to measure \r\nstream stage was installed at two sites--on the Albuquerque Riverside \r\nDrain and on the Rio Grande. A short-duration river pulse and a \r\nlong-duration river pulse were used to stress the ground-water \r\nsystem while the changes in water levels were monitored. A ground-\r\nwater flow-model simulation using the principle of superposition was \r\nused to estimate the hydraulic characteristics of the local \r\nground-water system. Simulated horizontal hydraulic conductivities\r\nvaried from 0.03 to 100 feet per day, and vertical hydraulic \r\nconductivities varied from 1.5 x 10-6 to 0.01 foot per day. The \r\nspecific yield of layer 1 was estimated to be 0.3. Specific storage \r\nfor layers 2 through 11 was 1.0 x 10-6. Water entering the model from \r\nthe river along a 300-foot-wide cross section during simulation of \r\nthe short-duration pulse averaged 7.46 x 10-3 cubic foot per second \r\nand during the long-duration pulse was 1.66 x 10-3 cubic foot per \r\nsecond. The average flux from the model to the drain during the \r\nshort-duration pulse was 3.18 x 10-3 cubic foot per second. The \r\naverage flux for the long-duration pulse was 7.14 x 10-3 cubic foot \r\nper second from the drain to the model.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri014069","usgsCitation":"Roark, D., 2001, Estimation of hydraulic characteristics in the Santa Fe Group aquifer system using computer simulations of river and drain pulses in the Rio Bravo study area, near Albuquerque, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4069, 52 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri014069.","productDescription":"52 p. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":95876,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4069/report.pdf","size":"3004","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":160309,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4069/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db672408","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roark, D.M.","contributorId":20776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roark","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":58058,"text":"wri20014194 - 2001 - Water-quality characteristics in the Black Hills area, South Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:12:13","indexId":"wri20014194","displayToPublicDate":"2001-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-4194","title":"Water-quality characteristics in the Black Hills area, South Dakota","docAbstract":"This report summarizes the water-quality characteristics of ground-water and surface-water in the Black Hills area. Differences in groundwater quality by aquifer and differences in surfacewater quality by water source are presented. Ground-water characteristics are discussed individually for each of the major aquifers in the Black Hills area, referred to herein as the Precambrian, Deadwood, Madison, Minnelusa, Minnekahta, and Inyan Kara aquifers. Characteristics for minor aquifers also are discussed briefly. Surface-water characteristics are discussed for hydrogeologic settings including headwater springs, crystalline core sites, artesian springs, and exterior sites.\r\n\r\nTo characterize the water quality of aquifers and streams in the Black Hills area, data from the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Information System water-quality database were examined. This included samples collected as part of the Black Hills Hydrology Study as well as for other studies within the time frame of October 1, 1930, to September 30, 1998. Tables of individual results are not presented in this report, only summaries. Constituents summarized and discussed include physical properties, common ions, nutrients, trace elements, and radionuclides. Comparisons of concentration levels are made to drinking-water standards as well as beneficial-use and aquatic-life criteria.\r\n\r\nGround water within the Black Hills and surrounding area generally is fresh and hard to very hard. Concentrations exceeding various Secondary and Maximum Contaminant Levels may affect the use of the water in some areas for many aquifers within the study area. Concentrations that exceed Secondary Maximum Contaminant Levels (SMCL's) generally affect the water only aesthetically. Radionuclide concentrations may be especially high in some of the major aquifers used within the study area and preclude the use of water in some areas. The sodiumadsorption ratio and specific conductance may affect irrigation use for some wells.\r\n\r\nHigh concentrations of iron and manganese are the only concentrations that may hamper the use of water from Precambrian aquifers. The principal deterrents to use of water from the Deadwood aquifer are the high concentrations of radionuclides as well as iron and manganese. Iron, manganese, and hardness may deter use of water from the Madison aquifer as well as dissolved solids and sulfate in downgradient wells (generally deeper than 2,000 feet). Iron, manganese, and hardness may also deter use of the Minnelusa aquifer. Water from the Minnekahta aquifer generally is suitable for all water uses although it is hard to very hard. High concentrations of dissolved solids, iron, sulfate, and manganese may hamper the use of water from the Inyan Kara aquifer. In the southern Black Hills, radium-226 and uranium concentrations also may preclude use of water from the Inyan Kara aquifer. Suitability for irrigation may be affected by high specific conductance and sodium-adsorption ratio for the Inyan Kara.\r\n\r\nSurface-water quality within the Black Hills and surrounding area generally is very good but the water is hard to very hard. Concentrations of some constituents in the study area tend to be higher exterior to the Black Hills, primarily due to influences from the Cretaceous-age marine shales, including dissolved solids, sodium, sulfate, selenium, and uranium. Headwater springs have relatively constant discharge, specific conductance, dissolved solids, and concentrations of most other constituents.\r\n\r\nConcentrations at crystalline core sites are very similar to those found in samples from Precambrian aquifers. Some high nitrate concentrations greater than the Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) of 10 mg/L (milligrams per liter) have occurred at Annie Creek near Lead, which have been attributed to mining impacts. Trace elements generally are low with the exception of arsenic, for which 60 percent of samples exceed the proposed MCL of 10 ug/L (micrograms per liter) and one sample","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri20014194","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the \r\nSouth Dakota Department of Environment and Natural Resources and the West Dakota Water Development District ","usgsCitation":"Williamson, J., and Carter, J.M., 2001, Water-quality characteristics in the Black Hills area, South Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4194, 196 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri20014194.","productDescription":"196 p. ","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":184067,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5987,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri014194/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5fafad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williamson, Joyce E. jewillia@usgs.gov","contributorId":1964,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williamson","given":"Joyce E.","email":"jewillia@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":258240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carter, Janet M. 0000-0002-6376-3473 jmcarter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6376-3473","contributorId":339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"Janet","email":"jmcarter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":258239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":31347,"text":"ofr01392 - 2001 - Programs for simplifying the analysis of geographic information in U. S. Geological Survey ground-water models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-23T16:51:08","indexId":"ofr01392","displayToPublicDate":"2001-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-392","title":"Programs for simplifying the analysis of geographic information in U. S. Geological Survey ground-water models","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr01392","usgsCitation":"Winston, R., 2001, Programs for simplifying the analysis of geographic information in U. S. Geological Survey ground-water models: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-392, 67 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr01392.","productDescription":"67 p.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":159991,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0392/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59752,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0392/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9be4b07f02db65e058","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Winston, R.B.","contributorId":32950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winston","given":"R.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70180722,"text":"70180722 - 2001 - Preface; Water quality of large U.S. rivers; results from the U.S. Geological Survey's National Stream Quality Accounting Network","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-31T16:02:04","indexId":"70180722","displayToPublicDate":"2001-10-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Preface; Water quality of large U.S. rivers; results from the U.S. Geological Survey's National Stream Quality Accounting Network","docAbstract":"<p>The mission of the US Geological Survey (USGS) is to assess the quantity and quality of the earth resources of the USA and to provide information that will assist resource managers and policymakers at federal, state and local levels in making sound decisions. Characterizing the water quality of the largest rivers of the USA is a daunting prospect, especially given the resources available for the task. The most effective approach is uncertain and is legitimately a research topic. The National Stream Quality Accounting Network (NASQAN) was redesigned in 1995 to estimate the annual mass flux of constituents at a network of fixed stations in the Mississippi, Rio Grande, Colorado, and Columbia River basins. This special volume of Hydrological Processes contains a series of papers evaluating the data collected by NASQAN during its first 3 years of operation under this design. The NASQAN network complements other USGS national programs that are designed to address water quality at different scales. The National Water-Quality Assessment Program (Hirsch et al., 1988) is designed around river basins of 10 000 to 100 000 km2 (versus these NASQAN basins, which are 650 000 to 3 100 000 km2 at their most downstream stations). The USGS also operates the Hydrologic Benchmark Network that is focused on relatively pristine basins of only 10 to 100 km2 (Mast and Turk, 1999a,b; Clark et al., 2000; Mast et al., 2000).</p>","language":"English","doi":"10.1002/hyp.204","issn":"0885-6087","usgsCitation":"Hirsch, R.M., and Hooper, R.P., 2001, Preface; Water quality of large U.S. rivers; results from the U.S. Geological Survey's National Stream Quality Accounting Network: Hydrological Processes, v. 15, no. 7, p. 1085-1087, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.204.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"1085","endPage":"1087","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":334519,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2001-05-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5891b0aae4b072a7ac129907","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Kelly, Valerie J. vjkelly@usgs.gov","contributorId":4161,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelly","given":"Valerie","email":"vjkelly@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":662151,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Hirsch, Robert M. 0000-0002-4534-075X rhirsch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4534-075X","contributorId":2005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hirsch","given":"Robert","email":"rhirsch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37316,"text":"WMA - Integrated Information Dissemination Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":662149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hooper, Richard P.","contributorId":19144,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hooper","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
]}