{"pageNumber":"337","pageRowStart":"8400","pageSize":"25","recordCount":16506,"records":[{"id":45003,"text":"wri024009 - 2002 - Simulation of ground-water flow in the Intermediate and Floridan aquifer systems in Peninsular Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:55","indexId":"wri024009","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-4009","title":"Simulation of ground-water flow in the Intermediate and Floridan aquifer systems in Peninsular Florida","docAbstract":"A numerical model of the intermediate and Floridan aquifer systems in peninsular Florida was used to (1) test and refine the conceptual understanding of the regional ground-water flow system; (2) develop a data base to support subregional ground-water flow modeling; and (3) evaluate effects of projected 2020 ground-water withdrawals on ground-water levels. The four-layer model was based on the computer code MODFLOW-96, developed by the U.S. Geological Survey. The top layer consists of specified-head cells simulating the surficial aquifer system as a source-sink layer. The second layer simulates the intermediate aquifer system in southwest Florida and the intermediate confining unit where it is present. The third and fourth layers simulate the Upper and Lower Floridan aquifers, respectively. Steady-state ground-water flow conditions were approximated for time-averaged hydrologic conditions from August 1993 through July 1994 (1993-94). This period was selected based on data from Upper Floridan a quifer wells equipped with continuous water-level recorders. The grid used for the ground-water flow model was uniform and composed of square 5,000-foot cells, with 210 columns and 300 rows.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri024009","usgsCitation":"Sepulveda, N., 2002, Simulation of ground-water flow in the Intermediate and Floridan aquifer systems in Peninsular Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4009, viii, 130 p. : col. ill., col. maps ; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri024009.","productDescription":"viii, 130 p. : col. ill., col. maps ; 28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":167992,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3872,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri024009 ","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4b9d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sepulveda, Nicasio 0000-0002-6333-1865 nsepul@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6333-1865","contributorId":1454,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sepulveda","given":"Nicasio","email":"nsepul@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5051,"text":"FLWSC-Orlando","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":230893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":44997,"text":"wri20014266 - 2002 - Hurricane Mitch: Peak Discharge for Selected River Reachesin Honduras","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-02T17:16:06","indexId":"wri20014266","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-4266","title":"Hurricane Mitch: Peak Discharge for Selected River Reachesin Honduras","docAbstract":"Hurricane Mitch began as a tropical depression in the Caribbean Sea on 22 October 1998. By 26 October, Mitch had strengthened to a Category 5 storm as defined by the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale (National Climate Data Center, 1999a), and on 27 October was threatening the northern coast of Honduras (fig. 1). After making landfall 2 days later (29 October), the storm drifted south and west across Honduras, wreaking destruction throughout the country before reaching the Guatemalan border on 31 October.\r\n\r\nAccording to the National Climate Data Center of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (National Climate Data Center, 1999b), Hurricane Mitch ranks among the five strongest storms on record in the Atlantic Basin in terms of its sustained winds, barometric pressure, and duration. Hurricane Mitch also was one of the worst Atlantic storms in terms of loss of life and property. The regionwide death toll was estimated to be more than 9,000; thousands of people were reported missing. Economic losses in the region were more than $7.5 billion (U.S. Agency for International Development, 1999).\r\n\r\nHonduras suffered the most widespread devastation during the storm. More than 5,000 deaths, and economic losses of more than $4 billion, were reported by the Government of Honduras. Honduran officials estimated that Hurricane Mitch destroyed 50 years of economic development. In addition to the human and economic losses, intense flooding and landslides scarred the Honduran landscape - hydrologic and geomorphologic processes throughout the country likely will be affected for many years.\r\n\r\nAs part of the U.S. Government's response to the disaster, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) conducted post-flood measurements of peak discharge at 16 river sites throughout Honduras (fig. 2). Such measurements, termed 'indirect' measurements, are used to determine peak flows when direct measurements (using current meters or dye studies, for example) cannot be made. Indirect measurements of peak discharge are based on post-flood surveys of the river channel (observed high-water marks, cross sections, and hydraulic properties) and model computation of peak discharge. Determination of the flood peaks associated with Hurricane Mitch will help scientists understand the magnitude of this devastating hurricane. Peak-discharge information also is critical for the proper design of hydraulic structures (such as bridges and levees), delineation of theoretical flood boundaries, and development of stage-discharge relations at streamflow-monitoring sites.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri20014266","usgsCitation":"Smith, M.E., Phillips, J.V., and Spahr, N.E., 2002, Hurricane Mitch: Peak Discharge for Selected River Reachesin Honduras: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4266, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri20014266.","productDescription":"8 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":124762,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4266/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":82256,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4266/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a52e4b07f02db62a463","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Mark E.","contributorId":75584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Phillips, Jeffrey V.","contributorId":86327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Spahr, Norman E. nspahr@usgs.gov","contributorId":1977,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spahr","given":"Norman","email":"nspahr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":230878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":44996,"text":"wri014254 - 2002 - Three-dimensional hydrogeologic framework model for use with a steady-state numerical ground-water flow model of the Death Valley regional flow system, Nevada and California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:12","indexId":"wri014254","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-4254","title":"Three-dimensional hydrogeologic framework model for use with a steady-state numerical ground-water flow model of the Death Valley regional flow system, Nevada and California","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Department of Energy and other Federal, State, and local agencies, is evaluating the hydrogeologic characteristics of the Death Valley regional ground-water flow system. The ground-water flow system covers an area of about 100,000 square kilometers from latitude 35? to 38?15' North to longitude 115? to 118? West, with the flow system proper comprising about 45,000 square kilometers. The Death Valley regional ground-water flow system is one of the larger flow systems within the Southwestern United States and includes in its boundaries the Nevada Test Site, Yucca Mountain, and much of Death Valley. Part of this study includes the construction of a three-dimensional hydrogeologic framework model to serve as the foundation for the development of a steady-state regional ground-water flow model. The digital framework model provides a computer-based description of the geometry and composition of the hydrogeologic units that control regional flow. The framework model of the region was constructed by merging two previous framework models constructed for the Yucca Mountain Project and the Environmental Restoration Program Underground Test Area studies at the Nevada Test Site.\r\n\r\nThe hydrologic characteristics of the region result from a currently arid climate and complex geology. Interbasinal regional ground-water flow occurs through a thick carbonate-rock sequence of Paleozoic age, a locally thick volcanic-rock sequence of Tertiary age, and basin-fill alluvium of Tertiary and Quaternary age. Throughout the system, deep and shallow ground-water flow may be controlled by extensive and pervasive regional and local faults and fractures.\r\n\r\nThe framework model was constructed using data from several sources to define the geometry of the regional hydrogeologic units. These data sources include (1) a 1:250,000-scale hydrogeologic-map compilation of the region; (2) regional-scale geologic cross sections; (3) borehole information, and (4) gridded surfaces from a previous three-dimensional geologic model. In addition, digital elevation model data were used in conjunction with these data to define ground-surface altitudes. These data, properly oriented in three dimensions by using geographic information systems, were combined and gridded to produce the upper surfaces of the hydrogeologic units used in the flow model. The final geometry of the framework model is constructed as a volumetric model by incorporating the intersections of these gridded surfaces and by applying fault truncation rules to structural features from the geologic map and cross sections. The cells defining the geometry of the hydrogeologic framework model can be assigned several attributes such as lithology, hydrogeologic unit, thickness, and top and bottom altitudes.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri014254","usgsCitation":"Belcher, W., Faunt, C., and D’Agnese, F.A., 2002, Three-dimensional hydrogeologic framework model for use with a steady-state numerical ground-water flow model of the Death Valley regional flow system, Nevada and California: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4254, -, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri014254.","productDescription":"-","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":162450,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3867,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri014254","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b492f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Belcher, Wayne R.","contributorId":79446,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belcher","given":"Wayne R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Faunt, Claudia C. 0000-0001-5659-7529 ccfaunt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5659-7529","contributorId":1491,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faunt","given":"Claudia C.","email":"ccfaunt@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":230875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"D’Agnese, Frank A.","contributorId":47810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"D’Agnese","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":44964,"text":"wri024027 - 2002 - Ground-cover vegetation in wetland forests of the lower Suwannee River floodplain, Florida, and potential impacts of flow reductions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:12","indexId":"wri024027","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-4027","title":"Ground-cover vegetation in wetland forests of the lower Suwannee River floodplain, Florida, and potential impacts of flow reductions","docAbstract":"Ground-cover vegetation was surveyed in wetland forests in the lower Suwannee River floodplain, Florida, in a study conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Suwannee River Water Management District from 1996 to 1999. Increased water use in the basin, supplied primarily from ground water, could reduce ground-water discharge to the river and flows in the lower Suwannee River. Many of the 282 ground-cover species found in wetland forests of the floodplain have distributions that are related to flow-dependent hydrologic characteristics of forest types, and their distributions would change if flows were reduced. Overall species diversity in the floodplain might decrease, and the composition of ground-cover vegetation in all forest types might change with flow reductions. \r\n\r\nThe study area included forests within the 10-year floodplain of the lower Suwannee River from its confluence with the Santa Fe River to the lower limit of forests near the Gulf of Mexico. The floodplain is divided into three reaches (riverine, upper tidal, and lower tidal) due to variations in hydrology, vegetation, and soils with proximity to the coast. The riverine (non-tidal) reach had the greatest number of total species (203) and species unique to that reach (81). Mitchella repens, Toxicodendron radicans, and Axonopus furcatus were the most frequently dominant species in riverine bottomland hardwoods. Free-floating aquatic species, such as Spirodela punctata and Lemna valdiviana, were the dominant species in the wettest riverine swamps. The upper tidal reach had the lowest number of total species (116), only two species unique to that reach, and the lowest density of ground cover (26 percent). Panicum commutatum and Crinum americanum were frequent dominant species in upper tidal forests. The lower tidal reach had the highest ground-cover density (43 percent) and the second highest number of total species (183) and number of species unique to that reach (55). Saururus cernuus and species of Carex were frequently dominant in lower tidal swamps. Lower tidal hammocks, the most elevated lower tidal forests, were dominated by Osmunda cinnamomea and Chasmanthium laxum. \r\n\r\nFlow reductions in the lower Suwannee River could change the flow-dependent hydrologic characteristics of wetland forests. Decreases in inundation and saturation in riverine forests could result in a decrease in the number and extent of semi-permanently inundated ponds. As a result, several species of free-floating, aquatic plants that grow only in riverine floodplain ponds might decrease in abundance or disappear if flows were reduced. Decreases in inundation and saturation could also result in a shift to more upland species in all riverine forests and upper tidal bottomland hardwoods. Upland species and some exotic species might increase in abundance in the floodplain, invading forests where hydrologic conditions have been altered by flow reductions. Depth and duration of inundation due to river flooding could decrease in all riverine and upper tidal forests, probably resulting in a shift of species to those that are typically found in forests with shallower, shorter-duration floods. Salinity in the lower tidal reach and adjacent areas of the upper tidal reach might increase with flow reductions, and the distribution of species might change due to varying tolerances of salinity among species. Species with low salt-tolerance unique to the lower tidal reach might disappear from the floodplain, and species with high salinity tolerance could increase in abundance, replacing less salt-tolerant species.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri024027","usgsCitation":"Darst, M.R., Light, H.M., and Lewis, L.J., 2002, Ground-cover vegetation in wetland forests of the lower Suwannee River floodplain, Florida, and potential impacts of flow reductions: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4027, xii, 46 p. : col. ill., col. maps ; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri024027.","productDescription":"xii, 46 p. : col. ill., col. maps ; 28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":3838,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri024027","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":161518,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ae390","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Darst, Melanie R.","contributorId":93042,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Darst","given":"Melanie","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Light, Helen M.","contributorId":18355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Light","given":"Helen","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lewis, Lori J.","contributorId":73655,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis","given":"Lori","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":44986,"text":"wri014222 - 2002 - Compilation of minimum and maximum isotope ratios of selected elements in naturally occurring terrestrial materials and reagents","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-25T14:56:39.461731","indexId":"wri014222","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-4222","title":"Compilation of minimum and maximum isotope ratios of selected elements in naturally occurring terrestrial materials and reagents","docAbstract":"Documented variations in the isotopic compositions of some chemical elements are responsible for expanded uncertainties in the standard atomic weights published by the Commission on Atomic Weights and Isotopic Abundances of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. This report summarizes reported variations in the isotopic compositions of 20 elements that are due to physical and chemical fractionation processes (not due to radioactive decay) and their effects on the standard atomic weight uncertainties. For 11 of those elements (hydrogen, lithium, boron, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, silicon, sulfur, chlorine, copper, and selenium), standard atomic weight uncertainties have been assigned values that are substantially larger than analytical uncertainties because of common isotope abundance variations in materials of natural terrestrial origin. For 2 elements (chromium and thallium), recently reported isotope abundance variations potentially are large enough to result in future expansion of their atomic weight uncertainties. For 7 elements (magnesium, calcium, iron, zinc, molybdenum, palladium, and tellurium), documented isotope-abundance variations in materials of natural terrestrial origin are too small to have a significant effect on their standard atomic weight uncertainties.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nThis compilation indicates the extent to which the atomic weight of an element in a given material may differ from the standard atomic weight of the element. For most elements given above, data are graphically illustrated by a diagram in which the materials are specified in the ordinate and the compositional ranges are plotted along the abscissa in scales of (1) atomic weight, (2) mole fraction of a selected isotope, and (3) delta value of a selected isotope ratio.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nThere are no internationally distributed isotopic reference materials for the elements zinc, selenium, molybdenum, palladium, and tellurium. Preparation of such materials will help to make isotope ratio measurements among laboratories comparable.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nThe minimum and maximum concentrations of a selected isotope in naturally occurring terrestrial materials for selected chemical elements reviewed in this report are given below:\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nIsotope Minimum\r\nmole fraction Maximum\r\nmole fraction \r\n\r\n--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r\n \r\n2H 0 .000 0255 0 .000 1838 \r\n7Li 0 .9227 0 .9278 \r\n11B 0 .7961 0 .8107 \r\n13C 0 .009 629 0 .011 466 \r\n15N 0 .003 462 0 .004 210 \r\n18O 0 .001 875 0 .002 218 \r\n26Mg 0 .1099 0 .1103 \r\n30Si 0 .030 816 0 .031 023 \r\n34S 0 .0398 0 .0473 \r\n37Cl 0 .240 77 0 .243 56 \r\n44Ca 0 .020 82 0 .020 92 \r\n53Cr 0 .095 01 0 .095 53 \r\n56Fe 0 .917 42 0 .917 60 \r\n65Cu 0 .3066 0 .3102 \r\n205Tl 0 .704 72 0 .705 06 \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nThe numerical values above have uncertainties that depend upon the uncertainties of the determinations of the absolute isotope-abundance variations of reference materials of the elements. Because reference materials used for absolute isotope-abundance measurements have not been included in relative isotope abundance investigations of zinc, selenium, molybdenum, palladium, and tellurium, ranges in isotopic composition are not listed for these elements, although such ranges may be measurable with state-of-the-art mass spectrometry.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nThis report is available at the url: http://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri014222.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri014222","usgsCitation":"Coplen, T., Hopple, J., Böhlke, J., Peiser, H., Rieder, S., Krouse, H., Rosman, K., Ding, T., Vocke, R., Revesz, K., Lamberty, A., Taylor, P., and De Bievre, P., 2002, Compilation of minimum and maximum isotope ratios of selected elements in naturally occurring terrestrial materials and reagents: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4222, ix, 98 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri014222.","productDescription":"ix, 98 p.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":162628,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4222/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":3861,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri014222/index.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":99357,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4222/report.pdf","size":"10133","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ee4b07f02db6a9fe0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coplen, T.B.","contributorId":34147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coplen","given":"T.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hopple, J.A. 0000-0003-3180-2252","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3180-2252","contributorId":85235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hopple","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Böhlke, J.K. 0000-0001-5693-6455","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":96696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Böhlke","given":"J.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Peiser, H.S.","contributorId":64303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peiser","given":"H.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rieder, S.E.","contributorId":66751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rieder","given":"S.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Krouse, H.R.","contributorId":63067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krouse","given":"H.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rosman, K.J.R.","contributorId":27903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosman","given":"K.J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Ding, T.","contributorId":70450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ding","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Vocke, R.D. Jr.","contributorId":9310,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vocke","given":"R.D.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Revesz, K.M.","contributorId":78787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Revesz","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Lamberty, A.","contributorId":49414,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lamberty","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Taylor, P.","contributorId":74047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"De Bievre, P.","contributorId":22399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"De Bievre","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":44940,"text":"wri024202 - 2002 - Hydrology and chemistry of floodwaters in the Yolo Bypass, Sacramento River system, California, during 2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-18T19:52:55","indexId":"wri024202","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-4202","title":"Hydrology and chemistry of floodwaters in the Yolo Bypass, Sacramento River system, California, during 2000","docAbstract":"

Discharges to and floodwaters in the Yolo Bypass were sampled during winter and spring, 2000. The primary purpose of the study was to link changes in water quality in the Yolo Bypass to inflows from the Sacramento River (over Fremont Weir) and from four local streams that discharge to the west side of the floodplain. Specific conductance, chloride, sulfate, dissolved inorganic nutrients, dissolved organic carbon, particulate carbon and nitrogen, suspended particulate matter (mass), and selected dissolved metals were measured in most of the samples. When the Sacramento River was spilling over Fremont Weir, the water chemistry in the Yolo Bypass was very similar to that in the river except along the western margin of the floodplain where influences of local stream inflow were evident. When flow over Fremont Weir stopped, floodwaters drained from the Yolo Bypass, and the local streams were the major discharges as the floodwaters receded eventually to the perennial channel along the eastern margin of the floodplain. After the initial draining of the floodplain, chemical concentrations at sites along the perennial channel showed strong influences of inflows from Cache Creek and Ridge Cut, which are sources of nutrients and contaminants that are potentially hazardous to wildlife. Runoff from spring storms increased flow in the perennial channel and flushed accumulated nutrients and organic matter to the tidal river. Releases of freshwater to the perennial channel might be beneficial in maintaining habitat quality for aquatic species during the dry seasons.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri024202","usgsCitation":"Schemel, L.E., Cox, M.H., Hager, S.W., and Sommer, T.R., 2002, Hydrology and chemistry of floodwaters in the Yolo Bypass, Sacramento River system, California, during 2000: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4202, 71 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri024202.","productDescription":"71 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":135172,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3815,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri024202","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Yolo Bypass","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.69692993164062,\n 38.23494411562881\n ],\n [\n -121.54586791992188,\n 38.23494411562881\n ],\n [\n -121.54586791992188,\n 38.78941577989049\n ],\n [\n -121.69692993164062,\n 38.78941577989049\n ],\n [\n -121.69692993164062,\n 38.23494411562881\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db688486","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schemel, Laurence E. lschemel@usgs.gov","contributorId":4085,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schemel","given":"Laurence","email":"lschemel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":230726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cox, Marisa H.","contributorId":52146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cox","given":"Marisa","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hager, Stephen W.","contributorId":48935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hager","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sommer, Theodore R.","contributorId":41396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sommer","given":"Theodore","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":44978,"text":"wri024093 - 2002 - Characterization and analysis of temporal and spatial variations in habitat and macroinvertebrate community structure, Fountain Creek basin, Colorado Springs and vicinity, Colorado, 1998-2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:12","indexId":"wri024093","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-4093","title":"Characterization and analysis of temporal and spatial variations in habitat and macroinvertebrate community structure, Fountain Creek basin, Colorado Springs and vicinity, Colorado, 1998-2001","docAbstract":"The Fountain Creek Basin in and around Colorado Springs, Colorado, is affected by various land- and water-use activities. Biological, hydrological, water-quality, and land-use data were collected at 10 sites in the Fountain Creek Basin from April 1998 through April 2001 to provide a baseline characterization of macroinvertebrate communities and habitat conditions for comparison in subsequent studies; and to assess variation in macroinvertebrate community structure relative to habitat quality. Analysis of variance results indicated that instream and riparian variables were not affected by season, but significant differences were found among sites. Nine metrics were used to describe and evaluate macroinvertebrate community structure. Statistical analysis indicated that for six of the nine metrics, significant variability occurred between spring and fall seasons for 60 percent of the sites. Cluster analysis (unweighted pair group method average) using macroinvertebrate presence-absence data showed a well-defined separation between spring and fall samples. Six of the nine metrics had significant spatial variation. Cluster analysis using Sorenson?s Coefficient of Community values computed from macroinvertebrate density (number of organisms per square meter) data showed that macroinvertebrate community structure was more similar among tributary sites than main-stem sites. Canonical correspondence analysis identified a substrate particle-size gradient from site-specific species-abundance data and environmental correlates that decreased the 10 sites to 5 site clusters and their associated taxa.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri024093","usgsCitation":"Bruce, J.F., 2002, Characterization and analysis of temporal and spatial variations in habitat and macroinvertebrate community structure, Fountain Creek basin, Colorado Springs and vicinity, Colorado, 1998-2001: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4093, 1 v., 28 p. : col. ill., col. map ; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri024093.","productDescription":"1 v., 28 p. : col. ill., col. map ; 28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":3851,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri024093/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":162267,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dfe4b07f02db5e3624","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bruce, James F. 0000-0003-3125-2932 jbruce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3125-2932","contributorId":916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bruce","given":"James","email":"jbruce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":230820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":44975,"text":"wri024075 - 2002 - Ground-water levels in the Floridan-Midville aquifer in the Breezy Hill area, Aiken and Edgefield Counties, South Carolina, April 1999-November 2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-11T20:40:17.522486","indexId":"wri024075","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-4075","title":"Ground-water levels in the Floridan-Midville aquifer in the Breezy Hill area, Aiken and Edgefield Counties, South Carolina, April 1999-November 2000","docAbstract":"

The Breezy Hill area in Aiken and Edgefield Counties of west-central South Carolina is a rapidly growing region in need of increasing amounts of ground water. From 1995 to 1998, the local water utility increased ground-water withdrawals in the Breezy Hill area from 1.4 to 2.1 million gallons per day to meet water-supply demands. As development continues, future demands for ground water will likely put stress on the surfaceand ground-water resources of the area. To address this issue, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with Aiken County, compiled and interpreted geologic and hydrologic data needed to map the ground-water system in the Breezy Hill study area.

The Breezy Hill study area consists of four interfluvial areas comprising the regions between Horse and Little Horse Creeks, Little Horse and Hightower Creeks, Hightower Creek and Franklin Branch, and Franklin Branch and Mims Branch. Across the interfluvial areas, the average elevation of the water-level surface ranged from 200 to 480 feet above sea level, and the average saturated thickness of the Floridan-Midville aquifer ranged from less than 20 to 70 feet thick. A water-level contour map of the surface of the Floridan-Midville aquifer indicates that recharge to the aquifer occurs mainly within the interfluves. Recharge is derived principally from precipitation, although there is some potential for ground-water recharge from underlying crystalline rocks. Ground water discharges along the flanks of the interfluves into the bounding streams where the elevations of the ground water and streams coincide.

From April 1999 to November 2000, calculated long-term normal precipitation totaled about 84.0 inches; however, actual recorded precipitation totaled 69.2 inches, representing about a 17.6 percent decrease in precipitation during this period. Published estimates of annual evapotranspiration range from 30 to 35 inches.

A U.S. Geological Survey surface-water gaging station located near the center of the study area on Little Horse Creek monitors runoff from a drainage area of 26.6 square miles. Average annual flow for the station for water years 1990-2000 was 33.8 cubic feet per second. From April 1999 to November 2000, the monthly average flow was less than the average monthly flow for the longterm record, excluding December 1999 to March 2000 when no data were collected. Monthly average flow for Little Horse Creek exceeded the normal monthly flow during June and July 1999.

Ground water in the Breezy Hill area is principally withdrawn from the unconfined Floridan- Midville aquifer. Ground-water withdrawals by the local water utility increased 37 percent from 1989 to 2000 (315.2 to 500 million gallons, respectively). From January 1999 to December 2000, the utility exceeded the long-term monthly average groundwater withdrawals for every month except September and December 2000. Calculated long-term monthly ground-water withdrawals by the utility for a 20-month period from April 1999 to November 2000 totaled 674 million gallons; however, actual ground-water withdrawals totaled 883 million gallons, which is 31 percent more than the long-term average ground-water withdrawals for the production wells.

Published estimates of average annual ground-water recharge rates for the study area range from 13 to 15 inches per year. A base-flow recession analysis of streamflow data for Little Horse Creek provided an estimated recharge rate of 14.9 inches per year for the drainage area. Using an estimated average porosity ranging from 30 to 35 percent observed in sand-aquifer cores, the average annual recharge of 13 to 15 inches would cause a 3.6- to 4.1-foot water-level change to the saturated thickness of the aquifer, if applied instantaneously. The water-level declines observed in wells from April 1999 to November 2000 approximated an average decline of 4 feet.

From November 1999 to November 2000, ground-water levels in six wells near utility pumping centers declined 2 to 5 feet. Long-term waterlevel declines of 10.27 and 11.50 feet were measured in two wells between May 1992 and April 2000, respectively.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri024075","usgsCitation":"Harrelson, L.G., Falls, W.F., and Prowell, D.C., 2002, Ground-water levels in the Floridan-Midville aquifer in the Breezy Hill area, Aiken and Edgefield Counties, South Carolina, April 1999-November 2000: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4075, iv, 36 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri024075.","productDescription":"iv, 36 p.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":162173,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":411738,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_51833.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":3848,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri024075/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"South Carolina","county":"Aiken County, Edgefield County","otherGeospatial":"Floridan-Midville aquifer","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.9542,\n 33.6583\n ],\n [\n -81.9542,\n 33.48\n ],\n [\n -81.7747,\n 33.48\n ],\n [\n -81.7747,\n 33.6583\n ],\n [\n -81.9542,\n 33.6583\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db667573","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harrelson, Larry G.","contributorId":70059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harrelson","given":"Larry","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Falls, W. Fred 0000-0003-2928-9795 wffalls@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2928-9795","contributorId":107754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Falls","given":"W.","email":"wffalls@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Fred","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Prowell, David C.","contributorId":46956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prowell","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":44974,"text":"wri024061 - 2002 - Report of hydrologic investigations in the Three Sisters area of central Oregon, Summer 2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:12","indexId":"wri024061","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-4061","title":"Report of hydrologic investigations in the Three Sisters area of central Oregon, Summer 2001","docAbstract":"An ongoing episode of crustal uplift centered in the Separation Creek drainage of the Three Sisters area, central Oregon Cascades, may result from a magmatic intrusion that began in 1998. An investigation of springs in this drainage in summer 2001 revealed slightly elevated water temperatures and chloride (Cl-) concentrations of up to about 5?C and 20 milligrams per liter (mg/L), respectively, above background. The total discharge of anomalous Cl- in Separation Creek was 9.2 grams per second, which in combination with the temperature-Cl- relation in the springs results in a total advective heat discharge of 16 MW (megawatts). Comparison with similar findings obtained a decade earlier suggests that total Cl- and heat discharges in the groundwater drainage are unaffected by the current uplift. However, the isotopic composition of the dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in the spring waters (delta carbon-13 (13C) = -9.03 to -11.6?; carbon-14 (14C) <25 pmC) combined with helium-3/helium-4 (3He/4He) ratios near 8 RA and C/3He ratios <1010 in two of the springs are indicative of a magmatic source. The high 3He/4He ratios indicate that the magmatic gas is derived from a relatively recent, if not ongoing, intrusion. The concentration of magmatic carbon is low, a few millimoles per liter (mmol/L) at most, with an average value of 1.53 mmol/L for all the springs sampled in the drainage. Combining this average with the late-summer water flow in Separation Creek suggests a discharge of 21 tonnes/day of magmatic carbon dioxide (CO2). The presence of magmatic carbon in the shallow groundwater system, and the fact that DIC is uncorrelated with Cl-, suggests that some magmatic gas could escape diffusely through the soils.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri024061","usgsCitation":"Evans, W.C., Mariner, R.H., Ingebritsen, S.E., Kennedy, B.M., van Soest, M.C., and Huebner, M., 2002, Report of hydrologic investigations in the Three Sisters area of central Oregon, Summer 2001: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4061, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri024061.","productDescription":"16 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":3847,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri024061","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":162627,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67bec9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Evans, William C. 0000-0001-5942-3102 wcevans@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5942-3102","contributorId":2353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"William","email":"wcevans@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":230807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mariner, Robert H. rmariner@usgs.gov","contributorId":3290,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mariner","given":"Robert","email":"rmariner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":230808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ingebritsen, Steven E. 0000-0001-6917-9369 seingebr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6917-9369","contributorId":818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingebritsen","given":"Steven","email":"seingebr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":230806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kennedy, B. Mack","contributorId":82758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"Mack","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"van Soest, Matthias C.","contributorId":102537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Soest","given":"Matthias","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Huebner, Mark A.","contributorId":27902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huebner","given":"Mark A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":44971,"text":"wri024039 - 2002 - Hydrology and water quality of Geneva Lake, Walworth County, Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-06T12:32:00","indexId":"wri024039","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-4039","title":"Hydrology and water quality of Geneva Lake, Walworth County, Wisconsin","docAbstract":"

As part of continuing efforts to improve the water quality of Geneva Lake, a collaborative effort between the U.S. Geological Survey, the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, and the Geneva Lake Environmental Agency was initiated in 1997 to document the present quality of the lake and its sediments, compute detailed hydrologic and nutrient (primarily phosphorus) budgets for the lake, estimate how changes in nutrient loading may affect water quality, and describe changes in the lake over the past 170 years by comparing water quality measured in this study with historical measurements and sediment-core information. This report presents the results of this collaborative study.

\n

Measurements collected during this study (1997.2000) indicate that the trophic status of the lake ranges from mesotrophic to oligotrophic: the mean Secchi depth was 4.8 m (meters), mean surface phosphorus concentration was 9 ?g/L (micrograms per liter), mean surface nitrogen concentration was 550 ?g/L, and mean surface chlorophyll a concentration was 3 ?g/L. Surface nitrogen: phosphorus ratios indicated that, if just these nutrients are considered, phosphorus should be the limiting nutrient.

\n

Phosphorus budgets constructed for water years 1998 and 1999 indicate that recent annual phosphorus loads were about 2,000 kg (kilograms) less than that estimated in 1975 (total annual input was about 3,200 kg in 1998 and about 8,500 kg in 1999). The major source of phosphorus to the lake was from its tributaries, which contributed about 84 percent of the total load. The primary difference from the phosphorus load estimates for 1975 was the decrease in loading from the Fontana sewage-treatment plant.

\n

Direct measurements and indirect measurements based on sediment-core analyses indicate that the water quality of Geneva Lake has degraded in the last 170 years, the greatest effects resulting from urbanization. Sedimentation rates were highest between 1900 to 1930, and phosphorus concentrations were highest between the 1930s to early 1980s. As a result of the recent reduction in phosphorus loading, in-lake near-surface phosphorus concentrations decreased from 20.25 ?g/L to about 10.15 ?g/L and are similar to those estimated for the lake in the early 1900s. Concentrations of other chemical constituents associated with urban areas, however, have continually increased, especially in Williams Bay and Geneva Bay.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri024039","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Geneva Lake Environmental Agency, Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources","usgsCitation":"Robertson, D.M., Goddard, G.L., Mergener, E.A., Rose, W., and Garrision, P.J., 2002, Hydrology and water quality of Geneva Lake, Walworth County, Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4039, viii, 73 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri024039.","productDescription":"viii, 73 p.","numberOfPages":"86","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":82254,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2002/4039/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":125128,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2002/4039/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":3844,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://wi.water.usgs.gov/pubs/wrir-02-4039/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","county":"Walworth County","otherGeospatial":"Lake Geneva","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.42277526855469,\n 42.62082311949496\n ],\n [\n -88.44543457031249,\n 42.609200852328264\n ],\n [\n -88.46809387207031,\n 42.6021253668952\n ],\n [\n -88.49899291992188,\n 42.59252163701558\n ],\n [\n -88.51959228515625,\n 42.58746644784856\n ],\n [\n -88.56353759765625,\n 42.58493869951935\n ],\n [\n -88.61366271972656,\n 42.57684921609549\n ],\n [\n -88.62327575683594,\n 42.55409191714403\n ],\n [\n -88.61228942871094,\n 42.535374141307415\n ],\n [\n -88.58757019042969,\n 42.52373593864307\n ],\n [\n -88.56010437011719,\n 42.52069952914966\n ],\n [\n -88.50929260253906,\n 42.519181269065584\n ],\n [\n -88.40629577636717,\n 42.55055114674488\n ],\n [\n -88.39462280273438,\n 42.56623017635374\n ],\n [\n -88.38638305664062,\n 42.578871685346364\n ],\n [\n -88.37882995605469,\n 42.59454359788448\n ],\n [\n -88.38157653808594,\n 42.609200852328264\n ],\n [\n -88.39530944824219,\n 42.61829672418602\n ],\n [\n -88.42277526855469,\n 42.62082311949496\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e858","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robertson, Dale M. 0000-0001-6799-0596 dzrobert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6799-0596","contributorId":150760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robertson","given":"Dale","email":"dzrobert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":230798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goddard, Gerald L.","contributorId":35721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goddard","given":"Gerald","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":676,"text":"Wisconsin Water Resource Division","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":230800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mergener, Elizabeth A.","contributorId":43442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mergener","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rose, William J. wjrose@usgs.gov","contributorId":2182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"William J.","email":"wjrose@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":230799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Garrision, Paul J.","contributorId":84628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garrision","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":44967,"text":"wri024034 - 2002 - Hydrologic investigation of Powell Marsh and its relation to Dead Pike Lake, Vilas County, Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-27T12:13:18","indexId":"wri024034","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-4034","title":"Hydrologic investigation of Powell Marsh and its relation to Dead Pike Lake, Vilas County, Wisconsin","docAbstract":"

An analytic element ground-water-flow model was constructed to help understand the ground- and surface-water hydrology in the vicinity of Dead Pike Lake and Powell Marsh, Vilas County, Wisconsin. The model was used to simulate the effect of removing Powell Marsh control structures (ditches and Vista Pond) on the hydrology of Dead Pike Lake. Measurements and model simulation results show that ground water in the vicinity of Powell Marsh moves to the northwest and west. If Powell Marsh structures are removed from the simulation, it does not affect the general direction of ground-water flow nor the total flow to Dead Pike Lake. Without the simulated structures, slightly more ground-water flow enters Dead Pike Lake and slightly less surface-water flows at the Dead Pike Lake inlet than with the simulated structures.

\n

Ground-water levels measured in piezometers installed along a flow path indicated that ground-water flow primarily is horizontal in the marsh and moves upward in the vicinity of a ditch where it discharges. Flow from Vista Pond is downward to the ground-water system but eventually also discharges upward to the ditches. Based on analyses of water samples from piezometers, the ditch, and Vista Pond, it was shown that dissolved iron is transported in the ground water. When ground water is discharged, iron and manganese react with dissolved oxygen, then precipitates, and forms the oxyhydroxide floc present in the Powell Marsh ditches. The processes involved in the transport and floc formation are not unique to the ditches, but are an expected outcome where discharging ground water and oxygenated surface water meet. Therefore, although floc formed in the ditches would no longer be available for transport if ditches were removed, it is likely that the floc formation would be redirected to the near-shore areas of Dead Pike Lake where increased groundwater discharge is expected.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri024034","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources","usgsCitation":"Krohelski, J.T., Rose, W., and Hunt, R.J., 2002, Hydrologic investigation of Powell Marsh and its relation to Dead Pike Lake, Vilas County, Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4034, iv, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri024034.","productDescription":"iv, 20 p.","numberOfPages":"25","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":82253,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2002/4034/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":124130,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2002/4034/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","county":"Vilas County","otherGeospatial":"Dead Pike Lake, Powell Marsh","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-88.9879,46.0971],[-88.9329,46.0746],[-88.9332,45.9822],[-89.0478,45.9822],[-89.0477,45.8953],[-89.1091,45.8973],[-89.1752,45.8993],[-89.1754,45.859],[-89.3008,45.8606],[-89.3007,45.9014],[-89.3628,45.8987],[-89.4256,45.8987],[-89.5498,45.8988],[-89.6741,45.8987],[-89.7571,45.8985],[-89.797,45.898],[-89.8199,45.8984],[-89.9212,45.8981],[-89.9846,45.8974],[-90.0428,45.8972],[-90.0442,45.9823],[-90.0134,45.9824],[-89.9853,45.9821],[-89.9289,45.9818],[-89.9282,46.0693],[-89.9288,46.1558],[-89.9287,46.2428],[-89.929,46.3],[-89.7599,46.268],[-89.7368,46.2636],[-89.5829,46.2347],[-89.5331,46.2252],[-89.5133,46.2215],[-89.4272,46.2048],[-89.3759,46.1949],[-89.2666,46.1737],[-89.2302,46.1662],[-89.0854,46.1365],[-88.9879,46.0971]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Vilas\",\"state\":\"WI\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b12e4b07f02db6a2947","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Krohelski, James T.","contributorId":52223,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krohelski","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":230790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rose, William J. wjrose@usgs.gov","contributorId":2182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"William J.","email":"wjrose@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":230789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hunt, Randall J. 0000-0001-6465-9304 rjhunt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6465-9304","contributorId":1129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"Randall","email":"rjhunt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":230788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":53873,"text":"bsr20010009 - 2001 - A national pilot study of mercury contamination of aquatic ecosystems along multiple gradients\" Bioaccumulation in fish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-10T13:57:05.66668","indexId":"bsr20010009","displayToPublicDate":"2020-11-10T09:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":9,"text":"Biological Science Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"2001-0009","displayTitle":"A National Pilot Study of Mercury Contamination of Aquatic Ecosystems Along Multiple Gradients: Bioaccumulation in Fish","title":"A national pilot study of mercury contamination of aquatic ecosystems along multiple gradients\" Bioaccumulation in fish","docAbstract":"

Water, sediment, and fish were sampled in the summer and fall of 1998 at 106 sites from 20 U.S. watershed basins to examine relations of mercury (Hg) and methylmercury (MeHg) in aquatic ecosystems. Bioaccumulation of Hg in fish from these basins was evaluated in relation to species, Hg and MeHg in surficial sediment and water, and watershed characteristics. Bioaccumulation was strongly (positively) correlated with MeHg in water (r = 0.63, p < 0.001) but only moderately with the MeHg in sediment (r = 0.33, p < 0.001) or total Hg in water (r = 0.28, p < 0.01). Of the other significantly measured parameters, pH, DOC, sulfate, sediment LOI, and the percent wetlands of each basin were also significantly correlated with Hg bioaccumulation in fish. The best model for predicting Hg bioaccumulation included Me Hg in water, PH of the water, % wetlands in the basin, and the AVS content of the sediment. These four variables accounted for 45% of the variability of the fish fillet Hg concentration normalized (divided) by total length; however, the majority was described by MeHg in water. A MeHg water concentration 0.12 ng/L was on average, associated with a fish fillet Hg concentration of 0.3 mg/kg wet weight for an age-3 fish when all species were considered. For age-3 largemouth bass, a MeHg water concentration of 0.058 ng/L was associated with the 0.3 mg/kg fillet concentration. Based on rankings for Hg in sediment, water, and fish, sampling sites from the following five study basins had the greatest Hg contamination: Nevada Basin and Range, South Florida Basin, Sacramento River Basin (California), Santee River Basin and Caostal Drainages (South Carolina), and the Long Island and New Jersey Coastal Drainags. A sampling and analysis strategy based on this pilot study is planned for all USGS/NAWQA study units over the next decade.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","issn":"1081-292X","usgsCitation":"Brumbaugh, W.G., Krabbenhoft, D.P., Helsel, D., Wiener, J.G., and Echols, K.R., 2001, A national pilot study of mercury contamination of aquatic ecosystems along multiple gradients\" Bioaccumulation in fish: Biological Science Report 2001-0009, iii, 25 p.","productDescription":"iii, 25 p.","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":177381,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bsr/2001/0009/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":11548,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bsr/2001/0009/bsr20010009.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.58 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd495de4b0b290850ef1a3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brumbaugh, William G. 0000-0003-0081-375X bbrumbaugh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0081-375X","contributorId":493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brumbaugh","given":"William","email":"bbrumbaugh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":248540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krabbenhoft, David P. 0000-0003-1964-5020 dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1964-5020","contributorId":1658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krabbenhoft","given":"David","email":"dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":248541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Helsel, Dennis R.","contributorId":85569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Helsel","given":"Dennis R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wiener, James G.","contributorId":93853,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wiener","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":17913,"text":"River Studies Center, University of Wisconsin-La Crosse","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":248544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Echols, Kathy R. 0000-0003-2631-9143 kechols@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2631-9143","contributorId":2799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Echols","given":"Kathy","email":"kechols@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":248542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70175036,"text":"70175036 - 2001 - California's Yolo Bypass: Evidence that flood control can be compatible with fisheries, wetlands, wildlife, and agriculture","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-03T10:07:54","indexId":"70175036","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-05T06:15:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1657,"text":"Fisheries","onlineIssn":"1548-8446","printIssn":"0363-2415","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"California's Yolo Bypass: Evidence that flood control can be compatible with fisheries, wetlands, wildlife, and agriculture","docAbstract":"

Unlike conventional flood control systems that frequently isolate rivers from ecologically-essential floodplain habitat, California's Yolo Bypass has been engineered to allow Sacramento Valley floodwaters to inundate a broad floodplain. From a flood control standpoint, the 24,000 ha leveed floodplain has been exceptionally successful based on its ability to convey up to 80% of the flow of the Sacramento River basin during high water events. Agricultural lands and seasonal and permanent wetlands within the bypass provide key habitat for waterfowl migrating through the Pacific Flyway. Our field studies demonstrate that the bypass seasonally supports 42 fish species, 15 of which are native. The floodplain appears to be particularly valuable spawning and rearing habitat for the splittail (Pogonichthys macrolepidotus), a federally-listed cyprinid, and for young chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), which use the Yolo Bypass as a nursery area. The system may also be an important source to the downstream food web of the San Francisco Estuary as a result of enhanced production of phytoplankton and detrital material. These results suggest that alternative flood control systems can be designed without eliminating floodplain function and processes, key goals of the 1996 Draft AFS Floodplain Management Position Statement.

","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1577/1548-8446(2001)026<0006:CYB>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Sommer, T., Harrell, B., Nobriga, M., Brown, R., Moyle, P., Kimmerer, W., and Schemel, L.E., 2001, California's Yolo Bypass: Evidence that flood control can be compatible with fisheries, wetlands, wildlife, and agriculture: Fisheries, v. 25, no. 6, p. 6-16, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8446(2001)026<0006:CYB>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"6","endPage":"16","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325719,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Yolo Bypass","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122,\n 38\n ],\n [\n -121.4,\n 38\n ],\n [\n -121.4,\n 38.8\n ],\n [\n -122,\n 38.8\n ],\n [\n -122,\n 38\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"25","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5799db3ce4b0589fa1c7e741","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sommer, T.","contributorId":106703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sommer","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":643677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harrell, B.","contributorId":173204,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harrell","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":643678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nobriga, M.","contributorId":67284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nobriga","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":643679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brown, R.","contributorId":101419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":643680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Moyle, P.B.","contributorId":85734,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moyle","given":"P.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":643681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kimmerer, W.","contributorId":38325,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kimmerer","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":643682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Schemel, Laurence E. lschemel@usgs.gov","contributorId":4085,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schemel","given":"Laurence","email":"lschemel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":643683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70004990,"text":"70004990 - 2001 - After site selection and before data analysis: sampling, sorting, and laboratory procedures used in stream benthic macroinvertebrate monitoring programs by USA state agencies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-04T09:28:35","indexId":"70004990","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2564,"text":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","onlineIssn":"1937-237X","printIssn":"0887-3593","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"After site selection and before data analysis: sampling, sorting, and laboratory procedures used in stream benthic macroinvertebrate monitoring programs by USA state agencies","docAbstract":"A survey of methods used by US state agencies for collecting and processing benthic macroinvertebrate samples from streams was conducted by questionnaire; 90 responses were received and used to describe trends in methods. The responses represented an estimated 13,000-15,000 samples collected and processed per year. Kicknet devices were used in 64.5% of the methods; other sampling devices included fixed-area samplers (Surber and Hess), artificial substrates (Hester-Dendy and rock baskets), grabs, and dipnets. Regional differences existed, e.g., the 1-m kicknet was used more often in the eastern US than in the western US. Mesh sizes varied among programs but 80.2% of the methods used a mesh size between 500 and 600 (mu or u)m. Mesh size variations within US Environmental Protection Agency regions were large, with size differences ranging from 100 to 700 (mu or u)m. Most samples collected were composites; the mean area sampled was 1.7 m2. Samples rarely were collected using a random method (4.7%); most samples (70.6%) were collected using \"expert opinion\", which may make data obtained operator-specific. Only 26.3% of the methods sorted all the organisms from a sample; the remainder subsampled in the laboratory. The most common method of subsampling was to remove 100 organisms (range = 100-550). The magnification used for sorting ranged from 1 (sorting by eye) to 30x, which results in inconsistent separation of macroinvertebrates from detritus. In addition to subsampling, 53% of the methods sorted large/rare organisms from a sample. The taxonomic level used for identifying organisms varied among taxa; Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera were generally identified to a finer taxonomic resolution (genus and species) than other taxa. Because there currently exists a large range of field and laboratory methods used by state programs, calibration among all programs to increase data comparability would be exceptionally challenging. However, because many techniques are shared among methods, limited testing could be designed to evaluate whether procedural differences affect the ability to determine levels of environmental impairment using benthic macroinvertebrate communities.","language":"English","publisher":"North American Benthological Society","doi":"10.2307/1468095","usgsCitation":"Carter, J.L., and Resh, V.H., 2001, After site selection and before data analysis: sampling, sorting, and laboratory procedures used in stream benthic macroinvertebrate monitoring programs by USA state agencies: Journal of the North American Benthological Society, v. 20, no. 4, p. 658-682, https://doi.org/10.2307/1468095.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"658","endPage":"682","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":665,"text":"Western Region Center- Menlo Park","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203979,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae4e4b07f02db689c28","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carter, James L. 0000-0002-0104-9776 jlcarter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0104-9776","contributorId":3278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"James","email":"jlcarter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Resh, Vincent H.","contributorId":12169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Resh","given":"Vincent","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5224378,"text":"5224378 - 2001 - Seasonal habitat-use patterns of nekton in a tide-restricted and unrestricted New England salt marsh","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:33","indexId":"5224378","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:52","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonal habitat-use patterns of nekton in a tide-restricted and unrestricted New England salt marsh","docAbstract":"Many New England salt marshes remain tide-restricted or are undergoing tidal restoration. Hydrologic manipulation of salt marshes affects marsh biogeochemistry and vegetation patterns, but responses by fishes and decapod crustaceans (nekton) remain unclear, This study examines nekton habitat-use patterns in the tide-restricted Hatches Harbor salt marsh (Provincetown, Massachusetts) relative to a downstream, unrestricted marsh. Nekton assemblages were sampled in tidal creek, marsh pool, and salt marsh surface habitats. Pools and creeks were sampled every two weeks for one year to account for seasonal variability, and the marsh surface was sampled at two-week intervals in summer and fall. Density, richness, and community composition of nekton in creek and marsh surface habitats were similar between the unrestricted and restricted marsh, but use of pools differed drastically on the two sides of the tide-restricting dike. In 95% of the cases tested, restricted marsh habitats provided equal or greater habitat value for nekton than the same habitat in the unrestricted marsh (based on density), suggesting that the restricted marsh did not provide a degraded habitat for most species. For some species, the restricted marsh provided nursery, breeding, and overwintering habitat during different seasons, and tidal restoration of this salt marsh must be approached with care to prevent losses of these valuable marsh functions. ","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wetlands","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"6249_Raposa.pdf","usgsCitation":"Raposa, K., and Roman, C.T., 2001, Seasonal habitat-use patterns of nekton in a tide-restricted and unrestricted New England salt marsh: Wetlands, v. 21, no. 4, p. 451-461.","productDescription":"451-461","startPage":"451","endPage":"461","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":17456,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1672%2F0277-5212%282001%29021%5B0451%3ASHUPON%5D2.0.CO%3B2","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":201865,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fce4b07f02db5f5a78","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Raposa, K.B.","contributorId":104596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raposa","given":"K.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roman, C. T.","contributorId":79579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roman","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5224067,"text":"5224067 - 2001 - Nest survival of forest birds in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-21T19:26:19.365031","indexId":"5224067","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:48","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nest survival of forest birds in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley","docAbstract":"

In the Mississippi Alluvial Valley, flood control has led to a drastic reduction in the area of forest habitat and altered the patchwork of forest cover types. Silvicultural management of the remaining fragmented forests has changed to reflect the altered hydrology of the forests, current economic conditions of the area, and demand for forest products. Because forest type and silvicultural management impact forest birds, differences in avian productivity within these forests directly impact bird conservation. To assist in conservation planning, we evaluated daily nest survival, nest predation rates, and brood parasitism rates of forest birds in relation to different forest cover types and silvicultural management strategies within this floodplain. Within bottomland hardwood forests, nest success of blue-gray gnatcatcher (Polioptila caerulea, 13%), eastern towhee (Pipilo erythrophthalmus, 28%), indigo bunting (Passerina cyanea, 18%), northern cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis, 22%), and yellow-billed cuckoo (Coccyzus americanus, 18%) did not differ from that within intensively managed cottonwood plantations. However, average daily survival of 542 open-cup nests of 19 bird species in bottomland hardwoods (0.9516 ± 0.0028, ∼27% nest success) was greater than that of 543 nests of 18 species in cottonwood plantations (0.9298 ± 0.0035, ∼15% nest success). Differences in daily nest survival rates likely resulted from a combination of differences in the predator community -- particularly fire ants (Solenopsis invicta) -- and a marked difference in species composition of birds breeding within these 2 forest types. At least 39% of nests in bottomland hardwood forests and 65% of nests in cottonwood plantations were depredated. Rates of parasitism by brown-headed cowbirds (Molothrus ater) were greater in managed cottonwoods (24%) than in bottomland hardwoods (9%). Nest success in planted cottonwood plantations for 18 species combined (∼14%), and for yellow-breasted chat (Icteria virens, 7%), eastern towhee (14%), indigo bunting (14%), and northern cardinal (17%) did not differ from nest success in cottonwood plantations that were coppiced from root sprouts following pulpwood harvest. Within bottomland hardwood forests, uneven-aged group-selection timber harvest reduced the combined daily nest survival of all species from 0.958 to 0.938, which reduced nest success by about 14%. Specifically, timber harvest reduced nest success of species that nest in the forest midstory and canopy, such as Acadian flycatcher (Empidonax virescens), from 32% before harvest to 14% after harvest. Conversely, those species that nest primarily in the shrubby understory-such as northern cardinal-were not affected by timber harvest and maintained an overall nest success of about 33%. Thus, birds nesting in the understory of bottomland hardwood forests are not adversely impacted by selective timber harvest, but there is a short-term reduction in nest success for birds that nest in the canopy and midstory.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3803097","usgsCitation":"Twedt, D., Wilson, R., Henne-Kerr, J.L., and Hamilton, R., 2001, Nest survival of forest birds in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 65, no. 3, p. 450-460, https://doi.org/10.2307/3803097.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"450","endPage":"460","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202963,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana, Mississippi","city":"Fitler","otherGeospatial":"Fitler Managed Forest, Mississippi Alluvial Valley, Tensas River National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.55246206341717,\n 32.0909233425148\n ],\n [\n -91.21051260052633,\n 32.0909233425148\n ],\n [\n -91.21051260052633,\n 32.397559758072774\n ],\n [\n -91.55246206341717,\n 32.397559758072774\n ],\n [\n -91.55246206341717,\n 32.0909233425148\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.149493146995,\n 32.612994872529214\n ],\n [\n -91.1300667898668,\n 32.58599433014554\n ],\n [\n -91.05492946406068,\n 32.60488308146144\n ],\n [\n -91.0234202629159,\n 32.59314189349405\n ],\n [\n -91.00160620058494,\n 32.6038621696778\n ],\n [\n -90.99615268500266,\n 32.64009741134521\n ],\n [\n -90.97676240737499,\n 32.72628845187593\n ],\n [\n -91.04038675584023,\n 32.74922470001282\n ],\n [\n -91.054323517885,\n 32.72424938860382\n ],\n [\n -91.0755316340397,\n 32.6829483263694\n ],\n [\n -91.11629410972454,\n 32.6689064840042\n ],\n [\n -91.15022709557265,\n 32.64288821897195\n ],\n [\n -91.149493146995,\n 32.612994872529214\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"65","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afee4b07f02db69789e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Twedt, D.J. 0000-0003-1223-5045","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1223-5045","contributorId":105009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Twedt","given":"D.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilson, R.R.","contributorId":12138,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"R.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Henne-Kerr, J. L.","contributorId":63121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henne-Kerr","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hamilton, R.B.","contributorId":63509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamilton","given":"R.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":5224050,"text":"5224050 - 2001 - Flow and habitat effects on juvenile fish abundance in natural and altered flow regimes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-07T16:39:36.859746","indexId":"5224050","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:47","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Flow and habitat effects on juvenile fish abundance in natural and altered flow regimes","docAbstract":"Conserving biological resources native to large river systems increasingly depends on how flow-regulated segments of these rivers are managed. Improving management will require a better understanding of linkages between river biota and temporal variability of flow and instream habitat. However, few studies have quantified responses of native fish populations to multiyear (>2 yr) patterns of hydrologic or habitat variability in flow-regulated systems. To provide these data, we quantified young-of-year (YOY) fish abundance during four years in relation to hydrologic and habitat variability in two segments of the Tallapoosa River in the southeastern United States. One segment had an unregulated flow regime, whereas the other was flow-regulated by a peak-load generating hydropower dam. We sampled fishes annually and explored how continuously recorded flow data and physical habitat simulation models (PHABSIM) for spring (April-June) and summer (July-August) preceding each sample explained fish abundances. Patterns of YOY abundance in relation to habitat availability (median area) and habitat persistence (longest period with habitat area continuously above the long-term median area) differed between unregulated and flow-regulated sites. At the unregulated site, YOY abundances were most frequently correlated with availability of shallow-slow habitat in summer (10 species) and persistence of shallow-slow and shallow-fast habitat in spring (nine species). Additionally, abundances were negatively correlated with 1-h maximum flow in summer (five species). At the flow-regulated site, YOY abundances were more frequently correlated with persistence of shallow-water habitats (four species in spring; six species in summer) than with habitat availability or magnitude of flow extremes. The associations of YOY with habitat persistence at the flow-regulated site corresponded to the effects of flow regulation on habitat patterns. Flow regulation reduced median flows during spring and summer, which resulted in median availability of shallow-water habitats comparable to the unregulated site. However, habitat persistence was severely reduced by flow fluctuations resulting from pulsed water releases for peak-load power generation. Habitat persistence, comparable to levels in the unregulated site, only occurred during summer when low rainfall or other factors occasionally curtailed power generation. As a consequence, summer-spawning species numerically dominated the fish assemblage at the flow-regulated site; five of six spring-spawning species occurring at both study sites were significantly less abundant at the flow-regulated site. Persistence of native fishes in flow-regulated systems depends, in part, on the seasonal occurrence of stable habitat conditions that facilitate reproduction and YOY survival.","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/1051-0761(2001)011[0179:FAHEOJ]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Freeman, M.C., Bowen, Z., Bovee, K., and Irwin, E., 2001, Flow and habitat effects on juvenile fish abundance in natural and altered flow regimes: Ecological Applications, v. 11, no. 1, p. 179-190, https://doi.org/10.1890/1051-0761(2001)011[0179:FAHEOJ]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"179","endPage":"190","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200320,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Georgia","otherGeospatial":"Harris Dam, Harris Reservoir, Tallapoosa River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -85.92681884765624,\n 32.48428001059022\n ],\n [\n -85.84167480468749,\n 32.43561304116276\n ],\n [\n -85.39398193359375,\n 32.55607364492026\n ],\n [\n -85.3363037109375,\n 32.93953889877841\n ],\n [\n -85.16326904296874,\n 33.23639027157906\n ],\n [\n -84.6441650390625,\n 33.74946419232578\n ],\n [\n -84.81170654296875,\n 34.164090803573124\n ],\n [\n -85.32806396484375,\n 34.023071367612125\n ],\n [\n -85.6768798828125,\n 33.85673152928873\n ],\n [\n -85.72906494140625,\n 33.66263917576218\n ],\n [\n -85.792236328125,\n 33.463525475613785\n ],\n [\n -86.06414794921875,\n 33.26395335923739\n ],\n [\n -86.20147705078125,\n 32.89111950367499\n ],\n [\n -86.13555908203125,\n 32.55144352864431\n ],\n [\n -85.92681884765624,\n 32.48428001059022\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"11","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d8e4b07f02db5df58c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Freeman, Mary C. 0000-0001-7615-6923","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7615-6923","contributorId":99659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freeman","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":340389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bowen, Z.H.","contributorId":81045,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowen","given":"Z.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bovee, K.D.","contributorId":15954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bovee","given":"K.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Irwin, E.R.","contributorId":90269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irwin","given":"E.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":69612,"text":"i2742 - 2001 - South Florida Everglades: satellite image map","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:23","indexId":"i2742","displayToPublicDate":"2004-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2742","title":"South Florida Everglades: satellite image map","docAbstract":"These satellite image maps are one product of the USGS Land Characteristics from Remote Sensing project, funded through the USGS Place-Based Studies Program (http://access.usgs.gov/) with support from the Everglades National Park (http://www.nps.gov/ever/). The objective of this project is to develop and apply innovative remote sensing and geographic information system techniques to map the distribution of vegetation, vegetation characteristics, and related hydrologic variables through space and over time. The mapping and description of vegetation characteristics and their variations are necessary to accurately simulate surface hydrology and other surface processes in South Florida and to monitor land surface changes. As part of this research, data from many airborne and satellite imaging systems have been georeferenced and processed to facilitate data fusion and analysis. These image maps were created using image fusion techniques developed as part of this project.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/i2742","usgsCitation":"Jones, J., Thomas, J., and Desmond, G., 2001, South Florida Everglades: satellite image map: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 2742, map, https://doi.org/10.3133/i2742.","productDescription":"map","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":6252,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://sofia.usgs.gov/projects/remote_sens/sflsatmap.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":187444,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"1","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -81.4,25 ], [ -81.4,25.916666666666668 ], [ -80,25.916666666666668 ], [ -80,25 ], [ -81.4,25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e6db1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, John W. 0000-0001-6117-3691 jwjones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6117-3691","contributorId":2220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"John","email":"jwjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":37786,"text":"WMA - Observing Systems Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":280721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thomas, Jean-Claude","contributorId":58307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"Jean-Claude","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Desmond, G.B.","contributorId":35014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Desmond","given":"G.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":44911,"text":"wri014122 - 2001 - Hydrologic and sedimentologic response of two burned watersheds in Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:11","indexId":"wri014122","displayToPublicDate":"2003-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-4122","title":"Hydrologic and sedimentologic response of two burned watersheds in Colorado","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri014122","usgsCitation":"Moody, J.A., and Martin, D.A., 2001, Hydrologic and sedimentologic response of two burned watersheds in Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4122, 1 v. (138 p.) : ill., maps ; 28 cm. + 1 CD-ROM (4 3/4 in.) , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri014122.","productDescription":"1 v. (138 p.) : ill., maps ; 28 cm. + 1 CD-ROM (4 3/4 in.) ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":122091,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4122/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":82249,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4122/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db611793","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moody, John A. 0000-0003-2609-364X jamoody@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2609-364X","contributorId":771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moody","given":"John","email":"jamoody@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":230665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Martin, Deborah A. 0000-0001-8237-0838 damartin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8237-0838","contributorId":1900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Deborah","email":"damartin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":230666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":44992,"text":"wri014233 - 2001 - Potentiometric surface of the Ozark aquifer in northern Arkansas, 2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-25T14:09:25","indexId":"wri014233","displayToPublicDate":"2002-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-4233","title":"Potentiometric surface of the Ozark aquifer in northern Arkansas, 2001","docAbstract":"

The Ozark aquifer in northern Arkansas comprises dolomites, limestones, sandstones, and shales of Late Cambrian to Middle Devonian age, and ranges in thickness from approximately 1,100 feet to more than 4,000 feet. Hydrologically, the aquifer is complex, characterized by disconnected and extensive flow components with large variations in permeability.

\n
\n

The potentiometric-surface map, based on 84 well and 6 spring water-level measurements collected in 2001 in Arkansas, indicates maximum water-level altitudes of about 1,359 feet in Carroll County and minimum water-level altitudes of about 241 feet in Randolph County. Regionally, the flow within the aquifer is to the south and southeast in the eastern and central part of the study area and to the northwest and north in the western part of the study area. Comparing the 2001 potentiometric-surface map with a predevelopment potentiometric-surface map indicates general agreement between the two surfaces. Potentiometric-surface differences could be attributed to differences in pumping related to changing population from 1990 to 2000.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Little Rock, AR","doi":"10.3133/wri014233","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Arkansas Soil and Water Conservation Commission and the Arkansas Geological Commission","usgsCitation":"Schrader, T.P., 2001, Potentiometric surface of the Ozark aquifer in northern Arkansas, 2001: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4233, Report: iii, 11 p.; Plate: 16.33 x 9.72 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri014233.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 11 p.; Plate: 16.33 x 9.72 inches","numberOfPages":"15","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":286657,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":286656,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4233/report.pdf"},{"id":286654,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4233/plate-1.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -94.6179,33.0041 ], [ -94.6179,36.4997 ], [ -89.6468,36.4997 ], [ -89.6468,33.0041 ], [ -94.6179,33.0041 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c47b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schrader, Tony P. tpschrad@usgs.gov","contributorId":3027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schrader","given":"Tony","email":"tpschrad@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":230865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":52930,"text":"ofr01361 - 2001 - Selected hydrologic data for the field demonstration of three permeable reactive barriers near Fry Canyon, Utah, 1996-2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-26T21:54:19.206074","indexId":"ofr01361","displayToPublicDate":"2002-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-361","title":"Selected hydrologic data for the field demonstration of three permeable reactive barriers near Fry Canyon, Utah, 1996-2000","docAbstract":"Three permeable reactive barriers (PRBs) were installed near Fry Canyon, Utah, in August 1997 to demonstrate the use of PRBs to control the migration of uranium in ground water. Reactive material included (1) bone-char phosphate, (2) zero-valent iron pellets, and (3) amorphous ferric oxyhydroxide coated gravel. An extensive monitoring network was installed in and around each PRB for collection of water samples, analysis of selected water-quality parameters, and monitoring of water levels. Water temperature, specific conductance, pH, Eh (oxidation-reduction potential), and dissolved oxygen were measured continuously within three different barrier materials, and in two monitoring wells. Water temperature and water level below land surface were electronically recorded every hour with pressure transducers. Data were collected from ground-water monitoring wells installed in and around the PRBs during 1996-98 and from surface-water sites in Fry Creek.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Salt Lake City, UT","doi":"10.3133/ofr01361","usgsCitation":"Wilkowske, C.D., Rowland, R.C., and Naftz, D.L., 2001, Selected hydrologic data for the field demonstration of three permeable reactive barriers near Fry Canyon, Utah, 1996-2000: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-361, vii, 102 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr01361.","productDescription":"vii, 102 p.","numberOfPages":"111","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":174224,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5017,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr01361/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":407374,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_54121.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Fry Canyon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.1578,\n 37.6472\n ],\n [\n -110.1442,\n 37.6472\n ],\n [\n -110.1442,\n 37.6286\n ],\n [\n -110.1578,\n 37.6286\n ],\n [\n -110.1578,\n 37.6472\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a06e4b07f02db5f8a37","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilkowske, Chris D.","contributorId":107360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilkowske","given":"Chris","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rowland, Ryan C. rrowland@usgs.gov","contributorId":3606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowland","given":"Ryan","email":"rrowland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":246257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Naftz, David L. 0000-0003-1130-6892 dlnaftz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1130-6892","contributorId":1041,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naftz","given":"David","email":"dlnaftz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":246256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":44642,"text":"wri014097 - 2001 - Hydrologic and salinity characteristics of Currituck Sound and selected tributaries in North Carolina and Virginia, 1998–99","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-24T21:31:21.882127","indexId":"wri014097","displayToPublicDate":"2002-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-4097","title":"Hydrologic and salinity characteristics of Currituck Sound and selected tributaries in North Carolina and Virginia, 1998–99","docAbstract":"

Data collected at three sites in Currituck Sound and three tributary sites between March 1, 1998, and February 28, 1999, were used to describe hydrologic and salinity characteristics of Currituck Sound. Water levels and salinity were measured at West Neck Creek at Pungo and at Albemarle and Chesapeake Canal near Princess Anne in Virginia, and at Coinjock, Bell Island, Poplar Branch, and Point Harbor in North Carolina. Flow velocity also was measured at the West Neck Creek and Coinjock sites.

The maximum water-level range during the study period was observed near the lower midpoint of Currituck Sound at Poplar Branch. Generally, water levels at all sites were highest during March and April, and lowest during November and December. Winds from the south typically produced higher water levels in Currituck Sound, whereas winds from the north typically produced lower water levels. Although wind over Currituck Sound is associated with fluctuations in water level within the sound, other mechanisms, such as the effects of wind on Albemarle Sound and on other water bodies south of Currituck Sound, likely affect low-frequency water-level variations in Currituck Sound.

Flow in West Neck Creek ranged from 313 cubic feet per second to the south to -227 cubic feet per second to the north (negative indicates flow to the north). Flow at the Coinjock site ranged from 15,300 cubic feet per second to the south to -11,700 cubic feet per second to the north. Flow was to the south 68 percent of the time at the West Neck Creek site and 44 percent of the time at the Coinjock site. Daily flow volumes were calculated as the sum of the instantaneous flow volumes. The West Neck Creek site had a cumulative flow volume to the south of 7.69 x 108 cubic feet for the period March 1, 1998, to February 28, 1999; the Coinjock site had a cumulative flow volume to the north of -1.33 x 1010 cubic feet for the same study period.

Wind direction and speed influence flow at the West Neck Creek and Coinjock sites, whereas precipitation alone has little effect on flow at these sites. Flow at the West Neck Creek site is semidiurnal but is affected by wind direction and speed. Flow to the south (positive flow) was associated with wind speeds averaging more than 15 miles per hour from the northwest; flow to the north (negative flow) was associated with wind speeds averaging more than 15 miles per hour from the south and southwest. Flow at the Coinjock site reacted in a more unpredictable manner and was not affected by winds or tides in the same manner as West Neck Creek, with few tidal characteristics evident in the record.

Throughout the study period, maximum salinity exceeded 3.5 parts per thousand at all sites; however, mean and median salinities were below 3.5 parts per thousand at all sites except the Point Harbor site (3.6 and 4.2 parts per thousand, respectively) at the southern end of the sound. Salinities were less than or equal to 3.5 parts per thousand nearly 100 percent of the time at the Bell Island and Poplar Branch sites in Currituck Sound and about 86 percent of the time at the Albemarle and Chesapeake Canal site north of the sound. Salinity at the West Neck Creek and Coinjock sites was less than or equal to 3.5 parts per thousand about 82 percent of the time.

During this study, prevailing winds from the north were associated with flow to the south and tended to increase salinity at the West Neck Creek and the Albemarle and Chesapeake Canal sites. Conversely, these same winds tended to decrease salinity at the other sites. Prevailing winds from the south and southwest were associated with flow to the north and tended to increase salinity at the Poplar Branch and Point Harbor sites in Currituck Sound and at the Coinjock site, but these same winds tended to decrease salinity at the West Neck Creek and the Albemarle and Chesapeake Canal sites. The greatest variations in salinity were observed at the northernmost site, West Neck Creek, and thesouthernmost site, Point Harbor. The least variation in salinity was observed at the upper midpoint of the sound at the Bell Island site.

Daily salt loads were computed for 364 days at the West Neck Creek site and 348 days at the Coinjock site from March 1, 1998, to February 28, 1999. The cumulative salt load at West Neck Creek was 28,170 tons to the south, and the cumulative salt load at the Coinjock site was -872,750 tons to the north.

The cumulative salt load passing the West Neck Creek site during the study period would be 0.01 part per thousand if uniformly distributed throughout the sound (approximately 489,600 acre-feet in North Carolina). If the cumulative salt load passing the Coinjock site were uniformly distributed throughout the sound, the salinity in the sound would be 0.32 part per thousand. The net transport at the West Neck Creek and Coinjock sites indicates inflow of salt into the sound. A constant inflow of freshwater from tributaries and ground-water sources also occurs; however, the net flow volumes from these freshwater sources are not documented, and the significance of these freshwater inflows toward diluting the net import of salt into the sound is beyond the scope of this study.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri014097","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the North Carolina Division of Water Resources and the North Carolina Division of Marine Fisheries","usgsCitation":"Caldwell, W.S., 2001, Hydrologic and salinity characteristics of Currituck Sound and selected tributaries in North Carolina and Virginia, 1998–99: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4097, v, 36 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri014097.","productDescription":"v, 36 p.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":414753,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_39866.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":3732,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4097/wri20014097.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRI 2001-4097"},{"id":168827,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4097/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina, Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Currituck Sound","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.48406982421875,\n 35.88682489453265\n ],\n [\n -76.48406982421875,\n 37.02886944696474\n ],\n [\n -75.54473876953125,\n 37.02886944696474\n ],\n [\n -75.54473876953125,\n 35.88682489453265\n ],\n [\n -76.48406982421875,\n 35.88682489453265\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"

Director, South Atlantic Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
720 Gracern Road
Columbia, SC 29210

","tableOfContents":"","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db6117d1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Caldwell, William Scott","contributorId":82773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caldwell","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"Scott","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":45115,"text":"wri014070 - 2001 - Interaction of surface water and ground water in the Dutch Flats area, western Nebraska, 1995-99","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-24T06:13:33","indexId":"wri014070","displayToPublicDate":"2002-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-4070","title":"Interaction of surface water and ground water in the Dutch Flats area, western Nebraska, 1995-99","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri014070","usgsCitation":"Verstraeten, I., Steele, G.V., Cannia, J.C., Hitch, D., Scripter, K., Böhlke, J., Kraemer, T.F., and Stanton, J., 2001, Interaction of surface water and ground water in the Dutch Flats area, western Nebraska, 1995-99: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4070, vi, 56 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri014070.","productDescription":"vi, 56 p.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":82268,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4070/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":122017,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4070/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","county":"Scotts Bluff County","otherGeospatial":"Dutch Flats","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-103.3605,42.0037],[-103.361,41.7442],[-103.3684,41.744],[-103.3681,41.7004],[-103.3681,41.6986],[-104.0522,41.6975],[-104.0522,41.7004],[-104.0525,41.998],[-104.0525,42.0024],[-103.9858,42.0018],[-103.8697,42.0021],[-103.6367,42.0025],[-103.5162,42.0027],[-103.3995,42.004],[-103.3605,42.0037]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Scotts Bluff\",\"state\":\"NE\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dbe4b07f02db5e0dc0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Verstraeten, Ingrid M.","contributorId":61033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verstraeten","given":"Ingrid M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":231137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Steele, G. V.","contributorId":62543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steele","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":231138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cannia, J. C.","contributorId":105258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannia","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":231142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hitch, D.E.","contributorId":72425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hitch","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":231140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Scripter, K.G.","contributorId":59865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scripter","given":"K.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":231136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Böhlke, J.K. 0000-0001-5693-6455","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":96696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Böhlke","given":"J.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":231141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kraemer, T. F.","contributorId":63400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kraemer","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":231139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Stanton, J.S.","contributorId":15243,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanton","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":231135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":45105,"text":"wri20004243 - 2001 - Numerical Simulation of Ground-Water Flow and Assessment of the Effects of Artificial Recharge in the Rialto-Colton Basin, San Bernardino County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:10","indexId":"wri20004243","displayToPublicDate":"2002-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-4243","title":"Numerical Simulation of Ground-Water Flow and Assessment of the Effects of Artificial Recharge in the Rialto-Colton Basin, San Bernardino County, California","docAbstract":"The Rialto?Colton Basin, in western San Bernardino County, California, was chosen for storage of imported water because of the good quality of native ground water, the known storage capacity for additional ground-water storage in the basin, and the availability of imported water. To supplement native ground-water resources and offset overdraft conditions in the basin during dry periods, artificial-recharge operations during wet periods in the Rialto?Colton Basin were begun in 1982 to store surplus imported water. Local water purveyors recognized that determining the movement and ultimate disposition of the artificially recharged imported water would require a better understanding of the ground-water flow system.\r\n\r\nIn this study, a finite-difference model was used to simulate ground-water flow in the Rialto?Colton Basin to gain a better understanding of the ground-water flow system and to evaluate the hydraulic effects of artificial recharge of imported water. The ground-water basin was simulated as four horizontal layers representing the river- channel deposits and the upper, middle, and lower water-bearing units. Several flow barriers bordering and internal to the Rialto?Colton Basin influence the direction of ground-water flow. Ground water may flow relatively unrestricted in the shallow parts of the flow system; however, the faults generally become more restrictive at depth. A particle-tracking model was used to simulate advective transport of imported water within the ground-water flow system and to evaluate three artificial-recharge alternatives.\r\n\r\nThe ground-water flow model was calibrated to transient conditions for 1945?96. Initial conditions for the transient-state simulation were established by using 1945 recharge and discharge rates, and assuming no change in storage in the basin. Average hydrologic conditions for 1945?96 were used for the predictive simulations (1997?2027). Ground-water-level measurements made during 1945 were used for comparison with the initial-conditions simulation to determine if there was a reasonable match, and thus reasonable starting heads, for the transient simulation. The comparison between simulated head and measured water levels indicates that, overall, the simulated heads match measured water levels well; the goodness-of-fit value is 0.99. The largest differences between simulated head and measured water level occurred between Barrier H and the Rialto?Colton Fault. Simulated heads near the Santa Ana River and Warm Creek, and simulated heads northwest of Barrier J, generally are within 30 feet of measured water levels and five are within 20 feet.\r\n\r\nModel-simulated heads were compared with measured long-term changes in hydrographs of composite water levels in selected wells, and with measured short-term changes in hydrographs of water levels in multiple-depth observation wells installed for this project. Simulated hydraulic heads generally matched measured water levels in wells northwest of Barrier J (in the northwestern part of the basin) and in the central part of the basin during 1945?96. In addition, the model adequately simulated water levels in the southeastern part of the basin near the Santa Ana River and Warm Creek and east of an unnamed fault that subparallels the San Jacinto Fault. Simulated heads and measured water levels in the central part of the basin generally are within 10 feet until about 1982?85 when differences become greater. In the northwestern part of the basin southeast of Barrier J, simulated heads were as much as 50 feet higher than measured water levels during 1945?82 but matched measured water levels well after 1982. In the compartment between Barrier H and the Rialto?Colton Fault, simulated heads match well during 1945?82 but are comparatively low during 1982?96. Near the Santa Ana River and Warm Creek, simulated heads generally rose above measured water levels except during 1965?72 when simulated heads compared well with measured water levels.\r\n\r\nAverage ","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/wri20004243","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the San Bernardino Valley Municipal Water District","usgsCitation":"Woolfenden, L.R., and Koczot, K.M., 2001, Numerical Simulation of Ground-Water Flow and Assessment of the Effects of Artificial Recharge in the Rialto-Colton Basin, San Bernardino County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2000-4243, viii, 148 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri20004243.","productDescription":"viii, 148 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":172271,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10735,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri004243/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.5,34 ], [ -117.5,34.25 ], [ -117.16666666666667,34.25 ], [ -117.16666666666667,34 ], [ -117.5,34 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afce4b07f02db6968d2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Woolfenden, Linda R. 0000-0003-3500-4709 lrwoolfe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3500-4709","contributorId":1476,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woolfenden","given":"Linda","email":"lrwoolfe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":231118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Koczot, Kathryn M. 0000-0001-5728-9798 kmkoczot@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5728-9798","contributorId":2039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koczot","given":"Kathryn","email":"kmkoczot@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":231119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":28898,"text":"wri004261 - 2001 - Quantification of metal loads by tracer injection and synoptic sampling in Daisy Creek and the Stillwater River, Park County, Montana, August 1999","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-27T19:01:14.558336","indexId":"wri004261","displayToPublicDate":"2002-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-4261","title":"Quantification of metal loads by tracer injection and synoptic sampling in Daisy Creek and the Stillwater River, Park County, Montana, August 1999","docAbstract":"A metal-loading study using tracer-injection and synoptic-sampling methods was conducted in Daisy Creek and a short reach of the Stillwater River during baseflow in August 1999 to quantify the metal inputs from acid rock drainage in the New World Mining District near Yellowstone National Park and to examine the downstream transport of these metals into the Stillwater River. Loads were calculated for many mainstem and inflow sites by combining streamflow determined using the tracer-injection method with concentrations of major ions and metals that were determined in synoptic water-quality samples.\r\n\r\nWater quality and aquatic habitat in Daisy Creek have been affected adversely by drainage derived from waste rock and adit discharge at the McLaren Mine as well as from natural weathering of pyrite-rich mineralized rock that comprises and surrounds the ore zones. However, the specific sources and transport pathways are not well understood. Knowledge of the main sources and transport pathways of metals and acid can aid resource managers in planning and conducting effective and cost-efficient remediation activities.\r\n\r\nThe metals cadmium, copper, lead, and zinc occur at concentrations that are sufficiently elevated to be potentially lethal to aquatic life in Daisy Creek and to pose a toxicity risk in part of the Stillwater River. Copper is of most concern in Daisy Creek because it occurs at higher concentrations than the other metals. Acidic surface inflows had dissolved concentrations as high as 20.6 micrograms per liter (?g/L) cadmium, 26,900 ?g/L copper, 76.4 ?g/L lead, and 3,000 ?g/L zinc. These inflows resulted in maximum dissolved concentrations in Daisy Creek of 5.8 ?g/L cadmium, 5,790 ?g/L copper, 3.8 ?g/L lead, and 848 ?g/L zinc.\r\n\r\nSignificant copper loading to Daisy Creek occurred only in the upper half of the stream. Sources included subsurface inflow and right-bank (mined side) surface inflows. Copper loads in left-bank (unmined side) surface inflows were negligible. Most (71 percent) of the total copper loading in the study reach occurred along a 341-foot reach near the stream?s headwaters. About 53 percent of the total copper load was contributed by five surface inflows that drain a manganese bog and the southern part of the McLaren Mine. Copper loading from subsurface inflow was substantial, contributing 46 percent of the total dissolved copper load to Daisy Creek. More than half of this subsurface copper loading occurred downstream from the reaches that received significant surface loading.\r\n\r\nFlow through the shallow subsurface appears to be the main copper-transport pathway from the McLaren Mine and surrounding altered and mineralized bedrock to Daisy Creek during base-flow conditions. Little is known about the source of acid and copper in this subsurface flow. However, possible sources include the mineralized rocks of Fisher Mountain upgradient of the McLaren Mine area, the surficial waste rock at the mine, and the underlying pyritic bedrock.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri004261","usgsCitation":"Nimick, D.A., and Cleasby, T., 2001, Quantification of metal loads by tracer injection and synoptic sampling in Daisy Creek and the Stillwater River, Park County, Montana, August 1999: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2000-4261, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri004261.","productDescription":"29 p.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":159064,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":408814,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_34845.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":2362,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri004261/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","county":"Park County","otherGeospatial":"Daisey Creek, Stillwater River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110,\n 45.075\n ],\n [\n -110,\n 45.05\n ],\n [\n -109.95,\n 45.05\n ],\n [\n -109.95,\n 45.075\n ],\n [\n -110,\n 45.075\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a87e4b07f02db64eb06","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nimick, David A. dnimick@usgs.gov","contributorId":421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nimick","given":"David","email":"dnimick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":573,"text":"Special Applications Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":200581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cleasby, Thomas E. 0000-0003-0694-1541","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0694-1541","contributorId":21993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cleasby","given":"Thomas E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}