{"pageNumber":"3389","pageRowStart":"84700","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184914,"records":[{"id":70021736,"text":"70021736 - 1999 - Debris-flow origin for the Simud/Tiu deposit on Mars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-31T15:24:13.293332","indexId":"70021736","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2317,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Debris-flow origin for the Simud/Tiu deposit on Mars","docAbstract":"<p><span>A late Hesperian smooth plains deposit on Mars interpreted as a debris flow extends more than 2000 km from Hydraotes Chaos, through Simud and Tiu Valles, and into Chryse Planitia. The Simud/Tiu deposit widens out to &gt;1000 km and embays streamlined landforms and knobs made up of sedimentary and perhaps volcanic deposits that were carved by earlier channeling activity. Morphologic features of the Simud/Tiu deposit observed in Viking and Pathfinder images are generally consistent with a debris-flow origin, but some of the deposit's salient features are not readily explained by catastrophic flooding or ice flow. Internal depressions appear to be bounded by linear scarps along flow margins where differential shearing may have occurred and in areas where flow spreading may have produced zones of extensional breakup and thinning within the flow. Possible flow lobes within the deposit may have formed by successive flow surges within the flow unit. The Pathfinder landing site is on the Simud/Tiu deposit, and the observations there are consistent with debris flow. The low, longitudinal ridges at the site may have formed by clast interactions as the flow ground to a halt. Imbricated, planar rocks on the ridges, such as in the Rock Garden, also may have been emplaced by debris or ice flow. However, stream energy calculations at Ares Vallis and channel geology indicate that flooding probably was incapable of emplacing the meter-size boulders observed at the Pathfinder site. Dewatering of pressurized zones in the debris flow or underlying material may be responsible for mud eruptions that formed a couple of patches of low pancakelike shields up to 5 km in diameter and for probable water flows that formed two small rille channels a few kilometers long. Local irregular grooves may be cracks that resulted from later desiccation and contraction of the flow material. The debris-flow unit apparently coalesced from outflows of water-fluidized debris originating from beneath chaotic and hummocky terrains within and along the margins of Simud and Tiu Valles. The deposit is onlapped from the north by another flow deposit originating from Acidalia Planitia. If the Simud/Tiu debris flow had entered a standing body of water, a turbidity current may have arisen from the debris flow and then backflowed over the debris flow to account for the Acidalia deposit.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/98JE02552","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Tanaka, K.L., 1999, Debris-flow origin for the Simud/Tiu deposit on Mars: Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets, v. 104, no. E4, p. 8637-8652, https://doi.org/10.1029/98JE02552.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"8637","endPage":"8652","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":229559,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Mars","volume":"104","issue":"E4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fdfce4b0c8380cd4ea53","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tanaka, K. L.","contributorId":31394,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tanaka","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":390959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70021956,"text":"70021956 - 1999 - Oxidation and mobilization of selenium by nitrate in irrigation drainage","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-21T06:49:59","indexId":"70021956","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2262,"text":"Journal of Environmental Quality","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Oxidation and mobilization of selenium by nitrate in irrigation drainage","docAbstract":"<p><span>Selenium (Se) can be oxidized by nitrate (NO</span><sup>−</sup><sub>3</sub><span>) from irrigation on Cretaceous marine shale in western Colorado. Dissolved Se concentrations are positively correlated with dissolved NO</span><sup>−</sup><sub>3</sub><span>concentrations in surface water and ground water samples from irrigated areas. Redox conditions dominate in the mobilization of Se in marine shale hydrogeologic settings; dissolved Se concentrations increase with increasing platinum-electrode potentials. Theoretical calculations for the oxidation of Se by NO</span><sup>−</sup><sub>3</sub><span>&nbsp;and oxygen show favorable Gibbs free energies for the oxidation of Se by NO</span><sup>−</sup><sub>3</sub><span>, indicating NO</span><sup>−</sup><sub>3</sub><span>&nbsp;can act as an electron acceptor for the oxidation of Se. Laboratory batch experiments were performed by adding Mancos Shale samples to zero-dissolved-oxygen water containing 0, 5, 50, and 100 mg/L NO</span><sup>−</sup><sub>3</sub><span>&nbsp;as N (mg N/L). Samples were incubated in airtight bottles at 25°C for 188 d; samples collected from the batch experiment bottles show increased Se concentrations over time with increased NO</span><sup>−</sup><sub>3</sub><span>&nbsp;concentrations. Pseudo first-order rate constants for NO</span><sup>−</sup><sub>3</sub><span>&nbsp;oxidation of Se ranged from 0.0007 to 0.0048/d for 0 to 100 mg N/L NO</span><sup>−</sup><sub>3</sub><span>&nbsp;concentrations, respectively. Management of N fertilizer applications in Cretaceous shale settings might help to control the oxidation and mobilization of Se and other trace constituents into the environment.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"ACSESS","doi":"10.2134/jeq1999.00472425002800040019x","issn":"00472425","usgsCitation":"Wright, W.G., 1999, Oxidation and mobilization of selenium by nitrate in irrigation drainage: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 28, no. 4, p. 1182-1187, https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq1999.00472425002800040019x.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1182","endPage":"1187","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":229571,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7261e4b0c8380cd76a6e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wright, W. G.","contributorId":19582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":391844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70020957,"text":"70020957 - 1999 - The usgs streamgaging network: Born of yesterday, serving today ... poised for tomorrow?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:38","indexId":"70020957","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1829,"text":"Geotimes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The usgs streamgaging network: Born of yesterday, serving today ... poised for tomorrow?","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geotimes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00168556","usgsCitation":"Hirsch, R., 1999, The usgs streamgaging network: Born of yesterday, serving today ... poised for tomorrow?: Geotimes, v. 44, no. 4, p. 23-24.","startPage":"23","endPage":"24","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":229648,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb1a3e4b08c986b325386","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hirsch, R.M.","contributorId":58639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hirsch","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":388104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70021311,"text":"70021311 - 1999 - Summer Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera (EPT) species richness and community structure in the lower Illinois River basin of Illinois","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:41","indexId":"70021311","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1855,"text":"Great Lakes Entomologist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Summer Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera (EPT) species richness and community structure in the lower Illinois River basin of Illinois","docAbstract":"Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera (EPT) species richness is useful for monitoring stream health, but no published studies in Illinois quantitatively document EPT richness or assemblage structure. The objectives of this study were to characterize adult EPT richness and structure and relate these to relative water quality at eight stream sites (160-69,300 km3 area) in the lower Illinois River basin. Adults were ultra-violet light trapped in June, July, and August 1997. Nutrient enrichment by nitrate and nitrite nitrogen was strongly evident, especially in smaller drainages, while critical loss of stable habitat was observed in larger water bodies. Seventy EPT species were identified from 17,889 specimens. Trichoptera were by far the most speciose (41 species), followed by Ephemeroptera (26), and Plecoptera (3). Caddisflies also dominated species richness across sites, contributing 18.0 of the average 28.9 total EPT species collected. Site EPT richness varied significantly (F = 5.51, p = 0.003, df = 7), with smaller drainages supporting greater richness, generally. Differences were also evident for months (F = 21.7, p = 0.0001, df = 2), with June being lower (11.8 average) than either July (20.6) or August (18.1) values. Hilsenhoff biotic index (HBI) scores did not vary significantly across sites (F = 0.7, p = 0.7, df = 7), but were different across months (F = 5.4, p = 0.02, df = 2). June (4.23) and July (4.53) means were not different, but both were lower (of better quality) than August (5.33) scores. The relationship of EPT to HBI scores was not investigated statistically due to problems of sample size and interdependence of monthly samples, but graphical analysis suggested no consistent relationship. This suggested a decoupling of the HBI from the EPT and implied that the gain in taxonomic resolution achieved by using adults outstripped the resolution of the HBI. Use of the HBI to characterize adult aquatic insect communities is discouraged. New state records and range extensions for Ephemeroptera and Trichoptera are presented and possible loss of sensitive Plecoptera in the drainage is discussed.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Great Lakes Entomologist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00900222","usgsCitation":"DeWalt, R., Webb, D., and Harris, M., 1999, Summer Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera (EPT) species richness and community structure in the lower Illinois River basin of Illinois: Great Lakes Entomologist, v. 32, no. 3, p. 115-132.","startPage":"115","endPage":"132","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":229748,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"32","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9f33e4b08c986b31e3df","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DeWalt, R.E.","contributorId":56405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeWalt","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Webb, D.W.","contributorId":65630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webb","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harris, M.A.","contributorId":101278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70020939,"text":"70020939 - 1999 - Sea-floor methane blow-out and global firestorm at the K-T boundary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-02T19:19:42.010944","indexId":"70020939","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1742,"text":"Geo-Marine Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sea-floor methane blow-out and global firestorm at the K-T boundary","docAbstract":"A previously unsuspected source of fuel for the global firestorm recorded by soot in the Cretaceous-Tertiary impact layer may have resided in methane gas associated with gas hydrate in the end-Cretaceous seafloor. End-Cretaceous impact-generated shock and megawaves would have had the potential to initiate worldwide oceanic methane gas blow-outs from these deposits. The methane would likely have ignited and incompletely combusted. This large burst of methane would have been followed by longer-term methane release as a part of a positive thermal feedback in the disturbed ocean-atmosphere system.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s003670050081","issn":"02760460","usgsCitation":"Max, M., Dillon, W.P., Nishimura, C., and Hurdle, B., 1999, Sea-floor methane blow-out and global firestorm at the K-T boundary: Geo-Marine Letters, v. 18, no. 4, p. 285-291, https://doi.org/10.1007/s003670050081.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"285","endPage":"291","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":230003,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b880ee4b08c986b3167b5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Max, M.D.","contributorId":17366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Max","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":388039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dillon, William P. bdillon@usgs.gov","contributorId":79820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dillon","given":"William","email":"bdillon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":388042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nishimura, C.","contributorId":53113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nishimura","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":388040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hurdle, B.G.","contributorId":57231,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hurdle","given":"B.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":388041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70021705,"text":"70021705 - 1999 - The female of Lepidostoma lescheni (Trichoptera: Lepidostomatidae), with new distributional records for the species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:41","indexId":"70021705","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1520,"text":"Entomological News","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The female of Lepidostoma lescheni (Trichoptera: Lepidostomatidae), with new distributional records for the species","docAbstract":"The female of Lepidostoma lescheni is described and illustrated for the first time and a female allotype specimen designated. Several new collection records are presented to help clarify its distribution and endemism in the Interior Highlands of North America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Entomological News","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"0013872X","usgsCitation":"Moulton, S., Robison, H.W., and Crump, B., 1999, The female of Lepidostoma lescheni (Trichoptera: Lepidostomatidae), with new distributional records for the species: Entomological News, v. 110, no. 2, p. 85-88.","startPage":"85","endPage":"88","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":229480,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"110","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bac02e4b08c986b3231f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moulton, S.R. II","contributorId":26460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moulton","given":"S.R.","suffix":"II","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":390800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Robison, Henry W.","contributorId":40362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robison","given":"Henry","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":390801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Crump, B.G.","contributorId":25316,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crump","given":"B.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":390799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1014952,"text":"1014952 - 1999 - Targeted stock identification using multilocus genotype 'familyprinting'","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-30T16:10:00.438516","indexId":"1014952","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1661,"text":"Fisheries Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Targeted stock identification using multilocus genotype 'familyprinting'","docAbstract":"<p><span>We present an approach to stock identification of small, targeted populations that uses multilocus microsatellite genotypes of individual mating adults to uniquely identify first- and second-generation offspring in a mixture. We call the approach ‘familyprinting’; unlike DNA fingerprinting where tissue samples of individuals are matched, offspring from various families are assigned to pairs of parents or sets of four grandparents with known genotypes. The basic unit of identification is the family, but families can be nested within a variety of stock units ranging from naturally reproducing groups of fish in a small tributary or pond from which mating adults can be sampled to large or small collections of families produced in hatcheries and stocked in specific locations. We show that, with as few as seven alleles per locus using four loci without error, first-generation offspring can be uniquely assigned to the correct family. For second-generation applications in a hatchery more alleles per locus (10) and loci (10) are required for correct assignment of all offspring to the correct set of grandparents. Using microsatellite DNA variation from an Atlantic salmon (</span><i>Salmo solar</i><span>) restoration river (Connecticut River, USA), we also show that this population contains sufficient genetic diversity in sea-run returns for 100% correct first-generation assignment and 97% correct second-generation assignment using 14 loci. We are currently using first- and second-generation familyprinting in this population with the ultimate goal of identifying stocking tributary. In addition to within-river familyprinting, there also appears to be sufficient genetic diversity within and between Atlantic salmon populations for identification of ‘familyprinted’ fish in a mixture of multiple populations. We also suggest that second-generation familyprinting with multiple populations may also provide a tool for examining stock structure. Familyprinting with microsatellite DNA markers is a viable method for identification of offspring of randomly mating adults from small, targeted stocks and should provide a useful addition to current mixed stock analyses with genetic markers.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0165-7836(99)00068-5","usgsCitation":"Letcher, B., and King, T., 1999, Targeted stock identification using multilocus genotype 'familyprinting': Fisheries Research, v. 43, p. 99-111, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-7836(99)00068-5.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"99","endPage":"111","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130189,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adde4b07f02db686b5d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Letcher, Benjamin 0000-0003-0191-5678 bletcher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0191-5678","contributorId":169305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Letcher","given":"Benjamin","email":"bletcher@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":321633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"King, Tim L.","contributorId":10736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"Tim L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70022042,"text":"70022042 - 1999 - The geodesy and mapping program of the United States geological survey in Antarctica","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:45","indexId":"70022042","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3052,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The geodesy and mapping program of the United States geological survey in Antarctica","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00991112","usgsCitation":"Mullins, J., Hallam, C., Hothem, L., and Thomas, J., 1999, The geodesy and mapping program of the United States geological survey in Antarctica: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 65, no. 12, p. 1340-1341.","startPage":"1340","endPage":"1341","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":230512,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"65","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bac50e4b08c986b323401","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mullins, J.L.","contributorId":19324,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mullins","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":392134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hallam, C.A.","contributorId":71155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hallam","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":392136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hothem, L.D.","contributorId":11790,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hothem","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":392133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thomas, J.-C.","contributorId":66017,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"J.-C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":392135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70021542,"text":"70021542 - 1999 - Surface faulting and paleoseismic history of the 1932 Cedar Mountain earthquake area, west-central Nevada, and implications for modern tectonics of the Walker Lane","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-20T00:51:52.336799","indexId":"70021542","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Surface faulting and paleoseismic history of the 1932 Cedar Mountain earthquake area, west-central Nevada, and implications for modern tectonics of the Walker Lane","docAbstract":"The 1932 Cedar Mountain earthquake (Ms 7.2) was one of the largest historical events in the Walker Lane region of western Nevada, and it produced a complicated strike-slip rupture pattern on multiple Quaternary faults distributed through three valleys. Primary, right-lateral surface ruptures occurred on north-striking faults in Monte Cristo Valley; small-scale lateral and normal offsets occurred in Stewart Valley; and secondary, normal faulting occurred on north-northeast-striking faults in the Gabbs Valley epicentral region. A reexamination of the surface ruptures provides new displacement and fault-zone data: maximum cumulative offset is estimated to be 2.7 m, and newly recognized faults extend the maximum width and end-to-end length of the rupture zone to 17 and 75 km, respectively. A detailed Quaternary allostratigraphic chronology based on regional alluvialgeomorphic relationships, tephrochronology, and radiocarbon dating provides a framework for interpreting the paleoseismic history of the fault zone. A late Wisconsinan alluvial-fan and piedmont unit containing a 32-36 ka tephra layer is a key stratigraphic datum for paleoseismic measurements. Exploratory trenching and radiocarbon dating of tectonic stratigraphy provide the first estimates for timing of late Quaternary faulting along the Cedar Mountain fault zone. Three trenches display evidence for six faulting events, including that in 1932, during the past 32-36 ka. Radiocarbon dating of organic soils interstratified with tectonically ponded silts establishes best-fit ages of the pre-1932 events at 4, 5,12,15, and 18 ka, each with ??2 ka uncertainties. On the basis of an estimated cumulative net slip of 6-12 m for the six faulting events, minimum and maximum late Quaternary slip rates are 0.2 and 0.7 mm/yr, respectively, and the preferred rate is 0.4-0.5 mm/yr. The average recurrence (interseismic) interval is 3600 yr. The relatively uniform thickness of the ponded deposits suggests that similar-size, characteristic rupture events may characterize late Quaternary slip on the zone. A comparison of event timing with the average late Quaternary recurrence interval indicates that slip has been largely regular (periodic) rather than temporally clustered. To account for the spatial separation of the primary surface faulting in Monte Cristo Valley from the epicenter and for a factor-of-two-to-three disparity between the instrumentally and geologically determined seismic moments associated with the earthquake, we hypothesize two alternative tectonic models containing undetected subevents. Either model would adequately account for the observed faulting on the basis of wrench-fault kinematics that may be associated with the Walker Lane. The 1932 Cedar Mountain earthquake is considered an important modern analogue for seismotectonic modeling and estimating seismic hazard in the Walker Lane region. In contrast to most other historical events in the Basin and Range province, the 1932 event did not occur along a major range-bounding fault, and no single, throughgoing basement structure can account for the observed rupture pattern. The 1932 faulting supports the concept that major earthquakes in the Basin and Range province can exhibit complicated distributive rupture patterns and that slip rate may not be a reliable criterion for modeling seismic hazard.","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","issn":"00167606","usgsCitation":"Bell, J.W., DePolo, C., Ramelli, A., Sarna-Wojcicki, A., and Meyer, C., 1999, Surface faulting and paleoseismic history of the 1932 Cedar Mountain earthquake area, west-central Nevada, and implications for modern tectonics of the Walker Lane: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 111, no. 6, p. 791-807.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"791","endPage":"807","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":229353,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"111","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9faae4b08c986b31e778","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bell, J. W.","contributorId":54288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bell","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":390248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DePolo, C.M.","contributorId":74533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DePolo","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":390249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ramelli, A. R.","contributorId":100564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramelli","given":"A. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":390250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sarna-Wojcicki, A.M. 0000-0002-0244-9149","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0244-9149","contributorId":104022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sarna-Wojcicki","given":"A.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":390251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Meyer, C.E.","contributorId":104023,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":390252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70021715,"text":"70021715 - 1999 - Depositional and diagenetic history and petroleum geology of the Jurassic Norphlet Formation of the Alabama coastal waters area and adjacent federal waters area","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-24T19:10:34","indexId":"70021715","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2669,"text":"Marine Georesources and Geotechnology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Depositional and diagenetic history and petroleum geology of the Jurassic Norphlet Formation of the Alabama coastal waters area and adjacent federal waters area","docAbstract":"The discovery of deep (>20,000 ft) gas reservoirs in eolian sandstone of the Upper Jurassic Norphlet Formation in Mobile Bay and offshore Alabama in the late 1970s represents one of the most significant hydrocarbon discoveries in the nation during the past several decades. Estimated original proved gas from Norphlet reservoirs in the Alabama coastal waters and adjacent federal waters is 7.462 trillion ft3 (Tcf) (75% recovery factor). Fifteen fields have been established in the offshore Alabama area. Norphlet sediment was deposited in an arid environment in alluvial fans, alluvial plains, and wadis in updip areas. In downdip areas, the Norphlet was deposited in a broad desert plain, with erg development in some areas. Marine transgression, near the end of Norphlet deposition, resulted in reworking of the upper part of the Norphlet Formation. Norphlet reservoir sandstone is arkose and subarkose, consisting of a simple assemblage of three minerals, quartz, albite, and K-feldspar. The present framework grain assemblage of the Norphlet is dominantly diagenetic, owing to albitization and dissolution of feldspar. Despite the simple framework composition, the diagenetic character of the Norphlet is complex. Important authigenic minerals include carbonate phases (calcite, dolomite, Fe-dolomite, and breunnerite), feldspar (albite and K-feldspar), evaporite minerals (anhydrite and halite), clay minerals (illite and chlorite), quartz, and pyrobitumen. The abundance and distribution of these minerals varies significantly between onshore and offshore regions of Norphlet production. The lack of sufficient internal sources of components for authigenic minerals, combined with unusual chemical compositions of chloride (Mg-rich), breunnerite, and some minor authigenic minerals, suggests that Louann-derived fluids influenced Norphlet diagenesis. In offshore Alabama reservoirs, porosity is dominantly modified primary porosity. Preservation of porosity in deep Norphlet reservoirs is due to a combination of factors, including a lack of sources of cement components and lack of pervasive early cement, so that fluid-flow pathways remained open during burial. Below the dominantly quartz-cemented tight zone near the top of the Norphlet, pyrobitumen is a major contributor to reduction in reservoir quality in offshore Alabama. The highest reservoir quality occurs in those wells where the present gas-water contact is below the paleohydrocarbon-water contact. Thiz zone of highest reservoir quality is between the lowermost occurrence of pyrobitumen and the present gas-water contact.The Upper Jurassic Norphlet Formation sediment was deposited in an arid environment in alluvial fans, alluvial plains, and wadis in undip areas. In downdip areas, the Norphlet was deposited in a broad desert plain, with erg development in some areas. Marine transgression, near the end of Norphlet deposition resulted in reworking of the upper part of the formation. he present framework grain assemblage of the Norphlet is dominantly diagenetic, owing to albitization and dissolution of feldspar. Despite the simple framework composition, the diagenetic character of the Norphlet is complex.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Georesources and Geotechnology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis Ltd","publisherLocation":"London, United Kingdom","doi":"10.1080/106411999273909","issn":"1064119X","usgsCitation":"Kugler, R., and Mink, R., 1999, Depositional and diagenetic history and petroleum geology of the Jurassic Norphlet Formation of the Alabama coastal waters area and adjacent federal waters area: Marine Georesources and Geotechnology, v. 17, no. 2-3, p. 215-232, https://doi.org/10.1080/106411999273909.","startPage":"215","endPage":"232","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":229113,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":268182,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/106411999273909"}],"volume":"17","issue":"2-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059feb9e4b0c8380cd4eebc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kugler, R.L.","contributorId":12996,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kugler","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":390868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mink, R.M.","contributorId":48709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mink","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":390869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70020899,"text":"70020899 - 1999 - Newly recognized faunal diversity within the Hamburg Klippe, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.: Implications for interpreting the history of the klippe","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:52","indexId":"70020899","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Newly recognized faunal diversity within the Hamburg Klippe, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.: Implications for interpreting the history of the klippe","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkTitle":"Acta Universitatis Carolinae, Geologica","language":"English","issn":"00017132","usgsCitation":"Repetski, J., Ganis, G., and Williams, H.S., 1999, Newly recognized faunal diversity within the Hamburg Klippe, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.: Implications for interpreting the history of the klippe, <i>in</i> Acta Universitatis Carolinae, Geologica, v. 43, no. 1-2, p. 43-44.","startPage":"43","endPage":"44","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":230120,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a662ce4b0c8380cd72d40","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Repetski, J.E.","contributorId":38579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Repetski","given":"J.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ganis, G.R.","contributorId":87712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ganis","given":"G.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Williams, H. S.","contributorId":39424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70021611,"text":"70021611 - 1999 - Sequence features and phylogenetic analysis of the stress protein Hsp90α in chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, a poikilothermic vertebrate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-25T11:09:46","indexId":"70021611","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1000,"text":"Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sequence features and phylogenetic analysis of the stress protein Hsp90α in chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, a poikilothermic vertebrate","docAbstract":"<p>We cloned and sequenced a chinook salmon Hsp90 cDNA; sequence analysis shows it to be Hsp90??. Phylogenetic analysis supports the hypothesis that ?? and ?? paralogs of Hsp90 arose as a result of a gene duplication event and that they diverged early in the evolution of vertebrates, before tetrapods separated from the teleost lineage. Among several differences distinguishing poikilothermic Hsp90?? sequences from their bird and mammal orthologs, the teleost versions specifically lack a characteristic QTQDQP phosphorylation site near the N-terminus. We used the cDNA to develop an RNA (Northern) blot to quantify cellular Hsp90 mRNA levels. Chinook salmon embryonic (CHSE-214) cells responded to heat shock with a rapid rise in Hsp90 mRNA through 4 h, followed by a gradual decline over the next 20 h. Hsp90 mRNA level may be useful as a stress indicator, especially in a laboratory setting or in response to acute heat stress.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1006/bbrc.1999.0707","issn":"0006291X","usgsCitation":"Palmisano, A.N., Winton, J.R., and Dickhoff, W.W., 1999, Sequence features and phylogenetic analysis of the stress protein Hsp90α in chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, a poikilothermic vertebrate: Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, v. 258, no. 3, p. 784-791, https://doi.org/10.1006/bbrc.1999.0707.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"784","endPage":"791","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":206279,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1006/bbrc.1999.0707"},{"id":229288,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"258","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8d48e4b08c986b318318","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Palmisano, Aldo N.","contributorId":36653,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Palmisano","given":"Aldo","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":390468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Winton, James R. 0000-0002-3505-5509 jwinton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3505-5509","contributorId":1944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winton","given":"James","email":"jwinton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":390469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dickhoff, Walton W.","contributorId":85133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dickhoff","given":"Walton","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":390470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70020403,"text":"70020403 - 1999 - Famous North American wolves and the credibility of early wildlife literature","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:19","indexId":"70020403","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Famous North American wolves and the credibility of early wildlife literature","docAbstract":"We evaluated the credibility of early literature about famous North American wolves (Canis lupus). Many famous wolves were reported to be older than they actually were, and we estimated they did not live long enough to have caused purported damage to livestock and game animals. Wolf kill rates on free-ranging livestock appeared to be inflated compared to recently published kill rates on native ungulates and livestock. Surplus killing of sheep and goats may have accounted for some high kill rates, but surplus killing of free-ranging longhorn cattle probably did not occur. Some famous wolves may actually have been dogs (C. familiaris), wolf-dog hybrids, or possibly coyote (C. latrans)-dog hybrids. We documented instances where early authors appeared to embellish or fabricate information about famous wolves. Caution should be exercised when using early literature about wolves as a basis for wolf management decisions.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00917648","usgsCitation":"Gipson, P.S., Ballard, W., and Nowak, R.M., 1999, Famous North American wolves and the credibility of early wildlife literature: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 26, no. 4, p. 808-816.","startPage":"808","endPage":"816","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231446,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0ef6e4b0c8380cd536ca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gipson, P. S.","contributorId":70136,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gipson","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ballard, W.B.","contributorId":101235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ballard","given":"W.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nowak, R. M.","contributorId":51870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nowak","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70021790,"text":"70021790 - 1999 - Stratigraphic framework and heavy minerals of the continental shelf of Onslow and Long Bays, North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-10-29T11:40:12","indexId":"70021790","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2669,"text":"Marine Georesources and Geotechnology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stratigraphic framework and heavy minerals of the continental shelf of Onslow and Long Bays, North Carolina","docAbstract":"One hundred fourteen vibracores from the Atlantic continental shelf offshore of southeastern North Carolina were opened, described, and processed over several contract years (years 6-9) of the Minerals Management Service-Association of American State Geologists Continental Margins program. Reports for years 9 and 10 of the program compiled the results of the work and assembled the data for release as an interactive CD-ROM report, respectively. The continental shelf of Onslow and Long Bays consists predominantly of outcropping Cretaceous through late Tertiary geologic units. Nearshore these units are covered and incised by late Tertiary and Quaternary units. From oldest to youngest, formally recognized geologic units mapped as part of this study are the Late Cretaceous Peedee Formation-a muddy, fine- to medium-grained quartz sand with trace amounts of glauconite and phosphate; the Paleocene Beaufort Formation-a muddy, fine- to medium-grained glauconitic quartz sand with locally occurring turritelid-mold biosparrudite; the middle Eocene Castle Hayne Formation-a sandy bryozoan biomicrudite and biosparrudite; the Oligocene River Bend Formation-a sandy molluscan-mold biosparrudite; and the Miocene Pungo River Formation-a medium-grained, poorly sorted slightly shelly phosphatic sand. Informal units include a very widespread, unnamed fine- to very fine grained, well-sorted, dolomitic muddy quartz sand that is biostratigraphically equivalent to the Oligocene River Bend Formation; several large valley-fill lithosomes composed of biomicrudite, biomicrite, and biosparrudite of Plio/Pleistocene age; muddy, shelly sands and silty clays of Pliocene, Pleistocene, or mixed Plio/Pleistocene age; and loose, slightly shelly, medium- to coarse-grained sands assigned a Holocene age. Heavy minerals (SG > 2.96) comprise an average of 0.54 wt% (on a bulk-sample basis) of the sediments in 306 samples derived from the 114 vibracores. Heavy-mineral content ranges from <0.01 to 3.69 wt%. The economic heavy mineral content (EHM = ilmenite + zircon + rutile + aluminosilicates + leucoxene [altered ilmenite] + monazite) of the bulk samples averages 0.26 wt% in a range of <0.01-1.70 wt%. As a percentage of the heavy-mineral concentrate, the average EHM value is 45.78% in a range of 0.27-68.60%. The distribution of heavy minerals offshore of southeastern North Carolina is controlled by the lithostratigraphic framework. The unnamed Oligocene sand unit has the highest heavy-mineral content, averaging 0.86 wt% on a bulk-sample basis. The remaining geologic units and their heavy-mineral content (in decreasing order of abundance) are Beaufort (0.64%), Holocene sand (0.60%), Plio-Pleistocene muddy sand and silty clay (0.59%), Peedee (0.42%), River Bend (0.34%), Plio-Pleistocene carbonate (0.12%), and Castle Hayne (0.08%). The heavy-mineral assemblage is fairly consistent throughout the different units. Significantly smaller percentages of heavy minerals correlate with increased amounts of CaCO<sub>3</sub> in the sediments. The sediments analyzed in this study have significantly lower overall heavy-mineral content, as well as lower EHM content than sediments that are known to host commercially important heavy-mineral deposits in the southeastern United States. The potential for economic deposits of heavy minerals in the area of this study, therefore, appears to be limited.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Georesources and Geotechnology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis Ltd","publisherLocation":"London, United Kingdom","doi":"10.1080/106411999273846","issn":"1064119X","usgsCitation":"Hoffman, C.W., Grosz, A., and Nickerson, J.G., 1999, Stratigraphic framework and heavy minerals of the continental shelf of Onslow and Long Bays, North Carolina: Marine Georesources and Geotechnology, v. 17, no. 2-3, p. 173-184, https://doi.org/10.1080/106411999273846.","startPage":"173","endPage":"184","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":229266,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":268184,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/106411999273846"}],"volume":"17","issue":"2-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9901e4b08c986b31c1c1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoffman, Charles W.","contributorId":101405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":391190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grosz, Andrew E.","contributorId":55051,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grosz","given":"Andrew E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":391189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nickerson, John G.","contributorId":30390,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nickerson","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":391188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70021522,"text":"70021522 - 1999 - Are shifts in herbicide use reflected in concentration changes in Midwestern rivers?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-21T06:46:17","indexId":"70021522","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Are shifts in herbicide use reflected in concentration changes in Midwestern rivers?","docAbstract":"In many Midwestern rivers, elevated concentrations of herbicides occur during runoff events for 1-3 months following application. The highest or 'peak' herbicide concentration often occurs during one of these runoff events. Herbicide concentrations in rivers are affected by a number of factors, including herbicide use patterns within the associated basin. Changing agricultural practices, reductions in recommended and permitted herbicide applications, shifts to new herbicides, and greater environmental awareness in the agricultural community have resulted in changes to herbicide use patterns. In the Midwestern United States, alachlor use was much larger in 1989 than in 1995, while acetochlor was not used in 1989, and commonly used in 1995. Use of atrazine, cyanazine, and metolachlor was about the same in 1989 and 1995. Herbicide concentrations were measured in samples from 53 Midwestern rivers during the first major runoff event that occurred after herbicide application (postapplication) in 1989, 1990, 1994, and 1995. The median concentrations of atrazine, alachlor, cyanazine, metribuzin, metolachlor, propazine, and simazine all were significantly higher in 1989/90 than in 1994/95. The median acetochlor concentration was higher in 1995 than in 1994. Estimated daily yields for all herbicides and degradation products measured, with the exception of acetochlor, were higher in 1989/90 than in 1994/95. The differences in concentration and yield do not always parallel changes in herbicide use, suggesting that other changes in herbicide or crop management are affecting concentrations in Midwestern rivers during runoff events.In many Midwestern rivers, elevated concentrations of herbicides occur during runoff events for 1-3 months following application. The highest or `peak' herbicide concentration often occurs during one of these runoff events. Herbicide concentrations in rivers are affected by a number of factors, including herbicide use patterns within the associated basin. Changing agricultural practices, reductions in recommended and permitted herbicide applications, shifts to new herbicides, and greater environmental awareness in the agricultural community have resulted in changes to herbicide use patterns. In the Midwestern United States, alachlor use was much larger in 1989 than in 1995, while acetochlor was not used in 1989, and commonly used in 1995. Use of atrazine, cyanazine, and metolachlor was about the same in 1989 and 1995. Herbicide concentrations were measured in samples from 53 Midwestern rivers during the first major runoff event that occurred after herbicide application (postapplication) in 1989, 1990, 1994, and 1995. The median concentrations of atrazine, alachlor, cyanazine, metribuzin, metolachlor, propazine, and simazine all were significantly higher in 1989/90 than in 1994/95. The median acetochlor concentration was higher in 1995 than in 1994. Estimated daily yields for all herbicides and degradation products measured, with the exception of acetochlor, were higher in 1989/90 than in 1994/95. The differences in concentration and yield do not always parallel changes in herbicide use, suggesting that other changes in herbicide or crop management are affecting concentrations in Midwestern rivers during runoff events.","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es9900149","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Battaglin, W., and Goolsby, D.A., 1999, Are shifts in herbicide use reflected in concentration changes in Midwestern rivers?: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 33, no. 17, p. 2917-2925, https://doi.org/10.1021/es9900149.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"2917","endPage":"2925","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":229067,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":206187,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es9900149"}],"volume":"33","issue":"17","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1999-07-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ed5fe4b0c8380cd49786","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Battaglin, W.A.","contributorId":16376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Battaglin","given":"W.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":390183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goolsby, D. A.","contributorId":50508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goolsby","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":390184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70021780,"text":"70021780 - 1999 - Digital photogrammetric analysis of the IMP camera images: Mapping the Mars Pathfinder landing site in three dimensions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-11T14:31:43","indexId":"70021780","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2317,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Digital photogrammetric analysis of the IMP camera images: Mapping the Mars Pathfinder landing site in three dimensions","docAbstract":"<p><span>This paper describes our photogrammetric analysis of the Imager for Mars Pathfinder data, part of a broader program of mapping the Mars Pathfinder landing site in support of geoscience investigations. This analysis, carried out primarily with a commercial digital photogrammetric system, supported by our in‐house Integrated Software for Imagers and Spectrometers (ISIS), consists of three steps: (1) geometric control: simultaneous solution for refined estimates of camera positions and pointing plus three‐dimensional (3‐D) coordinates of ∼10</span><sup>3</sup><span>&nbsp;features sitewide, based on the measured image coordinates of those features; (2) topographic modeling: identification of ∼3×10</span><sup>5</sup><span>&nbsp;closely spaced points in the images and calculation (based on camera parameters from step 1) of their 3‐D coordinates, yielding digital terrain models (DTMs); and (3) geometric manipulation of the data: combination of the DTMs from different stereo pairs into a sitewide model, and reprojection of image data to remove parallax between the different spectral filters in the two cameras and to provide an undistorted planimetric view of the site. These processes are described in detail and example products are shown. Plans for combining the photogrammetrically derived topographic data with spectrophotometry are also described. These include photometric modeling using surface orientations from the DTM to study surface microtextures and improve the accuracy of spectral measurements, and photoclinometry to refine the DTM to single‐pixel resolution where photometric properties are sufficiently uniform. Finally, the inclusion of rover images in a joint photogrammetric analysis with IMP images is described. This challenging task will provide coverage of areas hidden to the IMP, but accurate ranging of distant features can be achieved only if the lander is also visible in the rover image used.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1029/1998JE900012","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Kirk, R.L., Howington-Kraus, E., Hare, T.M., Dorrer, E., Cook, D., Becker, K.J., Thompson, K., Redding, B., Blue, J., Galuszka, D., Lee, E., Gaddis, L.R., Johnson, J.R., Soderblom, L.A., Ward, A.W., Smith, P.H., and Britt, D., 1999, Digital photogrammetric analysis of the IMP camera images: Mapping the Mars Pathfinder landing site in three dimensions: Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets, v. 104, no. E4, p. 8869-8887, https://doi.org/10.1029/1998JE900012.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"8869","endPage":"8887","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479464,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/1998je900012","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":229116,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Mars","volume":"104","issue":"E4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a017de4b0c8380cd4fc14","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kirk, Randolph L. 0000-0003-0842-9226 rkirk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0842-9226","contributorId":2765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirk","given":"Randolph","email":"rkirk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":391156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Howington-Kraus, Elpitha 0000-0001-5787-6554 ahowington@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5787-6554","contributorId":2815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howington-Kraus","given":"Elpitha","email":"ahowington@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":391147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hare, Trent M. 0000-0001-8842-389X thare@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8842-389X","contributorId":3188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hare","given":"Trent","email":"thare@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":391146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dorrer, E.","contributorId":68056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dorrer","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":391150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cook, D.","contributorId":61774,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cook","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":391149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Becker, Kris J. 0000-0003-1971-5957 kbecker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1971-5957","contributorId":2910,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Becker","given":"Kris","email":"kbecker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":391157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Thompson, K.","contributorId":104445,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thompson","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":391158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Redding, B.","contributorId":25720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Redding","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":391145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Blue, J.","contributorId":53111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blue","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":391148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Galuszka, D.","contributorId":85739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galuszka","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":391153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Lee, E.M.","contributorId":17005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"E.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":391144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Gaddis, Lisa R. 0000-0001-9953-5483 lgaddis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9953-5483","contributorId":2817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaddis","given":"Lisa","email":"lgaddis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":391154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Johnson, J. R.","contributorId":69278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":391151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Soderblom, Laurence A. 0000-0002-0917-853X lsoderblom@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0917-853X","contributorId":2721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soderblom","given":"Laurence","email":"lsoderblom@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":391142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Ward, A. W.","contributorId":8129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":391143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Smith, P. H.","contributorId":94058,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":391155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Britt, D.T.","contributorId":72150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Britt","given":"D.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":391152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17}]}}
,{"id":70021238,"text":"70021238 - 1999 - Applied historical ecology: Using the past to manage for the future","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-23T13:42:56","indexId":"70021238","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Applied historical ecology: Using the past to manage for the future","docAbstract":"Applied historical ecology is the use of historical knowledge in the management of ecosystems. Historical perspectives increase our understanding of the dynamic nature of landscapes and provide a frame of reference for assessing modern patterns and processes. Historical records, however, are often too brief or fragmentary to be useful, or they are not obtainable for the process or structure of interest. Even where long historical time series can be assembled, selection of appropriate reference conditions may be complicated by the past influence of humans and the many potential reference conditions encompassed by nonequilibrium dynamics. These complications, however, do not lessen the value of history; rather they underscore the need for multiple, comparative histories from many locations for evaluating both cultural and natural causes of variability, as well as for characterizing the overall dynamical properties of ecosystems. Historical knowledge may not simplify the task of setting management goals and making decisions, but 20th century trends, such as increasingly severe wildfires, suggest that disregarding history can be perilous. We describe examples from our research in the southwestern United States to illustrate some of the values and limitations of applied historical ecology. Paleoecological data from packrat middens and other natural archives have been useful for defining baseline conditions of vegetation communities, determining histories and rates of species range expansions and contractions, and discriminating between natural and cultural causes of environmental change. We describe a montane grassland restoration project in northern New Mexico that was justified and guided by an historical sequence of aerial photographs showing progressive tree invasion during the 20th century. Likewise, fire scar chronologies have been widely used to justify and guide fuel reduction and natural five reintroduction in forests. A southwestern network of fire histories illustrates the power of aggregating historical time series across spatial scales. Regional fire patterns evident in these aggregations point to the key role of interannual lags in responses of fuels and fire regimes to the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (wet/dry cycles), with important implications for long-range fire hazard forecasting. These examples of applied historical ecology emphasize that detection and explanation of historical trends and variability are essential to informed management.","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/1051-0761(1999)009[1189:AHEUTP]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Swetnam, T.W., Allen, C.D., and Betancourt, J.L., 1999, Applied historical ecology: Using the past to manage for the future: Ecological Applications, v. 9, no. 4, p. 1189-1206, https://doi.org/10.1890/1051-0761(1999)009[1189:AHEUTP]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"1189","endPage":"1206","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":229743,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":350525,"rank":2,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70194846","text":"USGS Publications Warehouse citation page for republication","linkHelpText":"This article was republished in the book <i>Wildfire: A century of failed forest policy</i> (Island Press, 2006)"}],"volume":"9","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eccde4b0c8380cd494d2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Swetnam, Thomas W.","contributorId":191872,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Swetnam","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allen, Craig D. 0000-0002-8777-5989 craig_allen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8777-5989","contributorId":2597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"craig_allen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":389166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Betancourt, Julio L. 0000-0002-7165-0743 jlbetanc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7165-0743","contributorId":3376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Betancourt","given":"Julio","email":"jlbetanc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":554,"text":"Science and Decisions Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":389167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70021587,"text":"70021587 - 1999 - The United States 1998","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-03T15:13:44","indexId":"70021587","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2755,"text":"Mining Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The United States 1998","docAbstract":"The US coal industry had a good year in 1998, setting another production record of 1.015 Gt (1.12 billion st), an increase of 2.6% from 1997. The increase was led by coal use for electricity generation, responding primarily to a substantial decline in hydroelectric generation. Year-end coal stocks at electric utilities swelled in 1998 for the first time in four years due to unseasonably mild fall and winter weather.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mining Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Littleton, CO","issn":"00265187","usgsCitation":"Butterman, W., McCartan, L., Morse, D., and Sibley, S., 1999, The United States 1998: Mining Engineering, v. 51, no. 5, p. 35-39.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"35","endPage":"39","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":229508,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"51","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba95ae4b08c986b3221f1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Butterman, W. C.","contributorId":13679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butterman","given":"W. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":390390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCartan, L.","contributorId":55153,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCartan","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":390392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Morse, D.E.","contributorId":15780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morse","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":390391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sibley, S.F.","contributorId":72152,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sibley","given":"S.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":390393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70021194,"text":"70021194 - 1999 - Foods of American badgers in west-central Minnesota and southeastern North Dakota during the duck nesting season","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-20T14:18:47","indexId":"70021194","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":737,"text":"American Midland Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Foods of American badgers in west-central Minnesota and southeastern North Dakota during the duck nesting season","docAbstract":"Although the American badger (Taxidea taxus) is common in grasslands and preys on a wide diversity of foods including birds, little is known about badger diet in areas where nesting ducks are common. Small mammals, primarily Muridae and Geomyidae, were the most common food items in the diet of badgers collected from west-central Minnesota and southeastern North Dakota during April-July 1987 through 1990, based on analysis of gastrointestinal tracts of 47 adult ( 1/4 -y-old) and 5 juvenile (<6-mo-old) badgers. Remains of mammals occurred in 98% of samples from adult badgers. Small quantities of insects were found in 40% of adult samples. Bird remains were in 32% of adult samples, most birds identified as Anatidae; ducks or ducklings occurred in 27% and duck eggs in 60% of those samples. Remains of reptiles, amphibians and mollusks were present, but were less common than other foods. Insects and bird eggs were more common during spring (April-May) than summer (June-July). Birds were more frequent in diets of adults than juvenile badgers.","language":"English","publisher":"University of Notre Dame","doi":"10.1674/0003-0031(1999)142[0410:FOABIW]2.0.CO;2","issn":"00030031","usgsCitation":"Sovada, M., Roaldson, J., and Sargeant, A., 1999, Foods of American badgers in west-central Minnesota and southeastern North Dakota during the duck nesting season: American Midland Naturalist, v. 142, no. 2, p. 410-414, https://doi.org/10.1674/0003-0031(1999)142[0410:FOABIW]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"410","endPage":"414","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":229662,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"142","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a12ece4b0c8380cd5444e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sovada, M.A.","contributorId":54534,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sovada","given":"M.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roaldson, J.M.","contributorId":81271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roaldson","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sargeant, A.B.","contributorId":13171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sargeant","given":"A.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70020920,"text":"70020920 - 1999 - Seismic hazard map of North and Central America and the Caribbean","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-12T20:37:22","indexId":"70020920","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":793,"text":"Annals of Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seismic hazard map of North and Central America and the Caribbean","docAbstract":"Minimization of the loss of life, property damage, and social and economic disruption due to earthquakes depends on reliable estimates of seismic hazard. National, state, and local government, decision makers, engineers, planners, emergency response organizations, builders, universities, and the general public require seismic hazard estimates for land use planning, improved building design and construction (including adoption of building construction codes), emergency response preparedness plans, economic forecasts, housing and employment decisions, and many more types of risk mitigation. The seismic hazard map of North and Central America and the Caribbean is the concatenation of various national and regional maps, involving a suite of approaches. The combined maps and documentation provide a useful regional seismic hazard framework and serve as a resource for any national or regional agency for further detailed studies applicable to their needs. This seismic hazard map depicts Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) with a 10% chance of exceedance in 50 years. PGA, a short-period ground motion parameter that is proportional to force, is the most commonly mapped ground motion parameter because current building codes that include seismic provisions specify the horizontal force a building should be able to withstand during an earthquake. This seismic hazard map of North and Central America and the Caribbean depicts the likely level of short-period ground motion from earthquakes in a fifty-year window. Short-period ground motions effect short-period structures (e.g., one-to-two story buildings). The highest seismic hazard values in the region generally occur in areas that have been, or are likely to be, the sites of the largest plate boundary earthquakes.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Annals of Geophysics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.4401/ag-3786","issn":"03652556","usgsCitation":"Shedlock, K.M., 1999, Seismic hazard map of North and Central America and the Caribbean: Annals of Geophysics, v. 42, no. 6, p. 977-997, https://doi.org/10.4401/ag-3786.","startPage":"977","endPage":"997","numberOfPages":"21","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":479501,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.4401/ag-3786","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":269207,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.4401/ag-3786"},{"id":229762,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"42","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8b1ae4b08c986b3175c5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shedlock, K. M.","contributorId":72805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shedlock","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70022038,"text":"70022038 - 1999 - The factors controlling species density in herbaceous plant communities: An assessment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-24T13:27:42","indexId":"70022038","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3033,"text":"Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The factors controlling species density in herbaceous plant communities: An assessment","docAbstract":"This paper evaluates both the ideas and empirical evidence pertaining to the control of species density in herbaceous plant communities. While most theoretical discussions of species density have emphasized the importance of habitat productivity and disturbance regimes, many other factors (e.g. species pools, plant litter accumulation, plant morphology) have been proposed to be important. A review of literature presenting observations on the density of species in small plots (in the vicinity of a few square meters or less), as well as experimental studies, suggests several generalizations: (1) Available data are consistent with an underlying unimodal relationship between species density and total community biomass. While variance in species density is often poorly explained by predictor variables, there is strong evidence that high levels of community biomass are antagonistic to high species density. (2) Community biomass is just one of several factors affecting variations in species density. Multivariate analyses typically explain more than twice as much variance in species density as can be explained by community biomass alone. (3) Disturbance has important and sometimes complex effects on species density. In general, the evidence is consistent with the intermediate disturbance hypothesis but exceptions exist and effects can be complex. (4) Gradients in the species pool can have important influences on patterns of species density. Evidence is mounting that a considerable amount of the observed variability in species density within a landscape or region may result from environmental effects on the species pool. (5) Several additional factors deserve greater consideration, including time lags, species composition, plant morphology, plant density and soil microbial effects. Based on the available evidence, a conceptual model of the primary factors controlling species density is presented here. This model suggests that species density is controlled by the effects of disturbance, total community biomass, colonization, the species pool and spatial heterogeneity. The structure of the model leads to two main expectations: (1) while community biomass is important, multivariate approaches will be required to understand patterns of variation in species density, and (2) species density will be more highly correlated with light penetration to the soil surface, than with above-ground biomass, and even less well correlated with plant growth rates (productivity) or habitat fertility. At present, data are insufficient to evaluate the relative importance of the processes controlling species density. Much more work is needed if we are to adequately predict the effects of environmental changes on plant communities and species diversity.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1078/1433-8319-00063","issn":"14338319","usgsCitation":"Grace, J., 1999, The factors controlling species density in herbaceous plant communities: An assessment: Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics, v. 2, no. 1, p. 1-28, https://doi.org/10.1078/1433-8319-00063.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"28","numberOfPages":"28","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":230437,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505babf2e4b08c986b32318e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grace, J.B. 0000-0001-6374-4726","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6374-4726","contributorId":38938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grace","given":"J.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":392123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70021272,"text":"70021272 - 1999 - The Cenomanian/Turonian carbon burial event, Bass River, NJ, USA: Geochemical, paleoecological, and sea-level changes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-24T12:01:26","indexId":"70021272","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2294,"text":"Journal of Foraminiferal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Cenomanian/Turonian carbon burial event, Bass River, NJ, USA: Geochemical, paleoecological, and sea-level changes","docAbstract":"The Bass River borehole (ODP Leg 174AX) recovered approximately 200 ft (61 m) of upper Cenomanian to lower Turonian strata from the New Jersey Coastal Plain, USA, including the expression of a global carbon burial event. The Cenomanian/Turonian (C/T) boundary is recognized at Bass River at ???1935.5 ft (589.9 m) based on the contact of nannofossil Microstaurus chiastius and Eiffellithus eximius Subzones of the Parhabdolithus asper Zone. Carbon isotopic records of both Gavelinella and Epistomina show a large (>2???) increase immediately below the C/T boundary, with maximum values of 6??? in Epistomina and 4.3??? in Gavelinella. The ??13C offset between these taxa is constant and we conclude that Epistomina, like Gavelinella, faithfully records seawater ??13C changes. Above the sharp ??13C increase, elevated ??13C and sedimentary organic carbon (>0.9%) values continue into the lower Turonian, culminating in a sharp ??13C decrease. High ??13C values in the uppermost Cenomanian-lower Turonian at Bass River correlate with a global carbon burial event recorded in Europe and the U.S. Western Interior; we estimate the duration of this event at Bass River as 400-500 k.y. Although the carbon burial event occurred during a long-term eustatic rise (10 m.y. scale), it occurs within a 1-2 m.y. long sequence at Bass River that indicates no relationship with sea-level lowering on the m.y. scale. The carbon burial event does not appear to be associated with maximum flooding either, indicating little correlation with sea-level rise on a m.y. scale. Within the sequence spanning the carbon event, there are at least 4 shallowing-upward parasequences (durations ???350-460 k.y.) indicated by changes in abundance and type of Epistomina species, ??18O variations, and minor lithologic variations. The highest occurrences of 6 Epistomina species and the origination of Epistomina sliteri Olsson n. sp. are associated with the parasequences and possibly with higher ??18O values. There is no clear association of parasequence boundaries inferred at Bass River with the carbon burial event; thus, there does not appear to be a relationship of the event with sea-level change on the 100 k.y. scale. We conclude that while the organic carbon burial event was associated with a general long-term (10 m.y. scale) eustatic rise, the initiation and termination of the peak organic burial event itself were unrelated to sea-level change.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Foraminiferal Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00961191","usgsCitation":"Sugarman, P.J., Miller, K., Olsson, R., Browning, J., Wright, J., De Romero, L.M., White, T.S., Muller, F., and Uptegrove, J., 1999, The Cenomanian/Turonian carbon burial event, Bass River, NJ, USA: Geochemical, paleoecological, and sea-level changes: Journal of Foraminiferal Research, v. 29, no. 4, p. 438-452.","startPage":"438","endPage":"452","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":229707,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":269889,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://jfr.geoscienceworld.org/content/29/4/438.abstract"}],"volume":"29","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba6c0e4b08c986b321274","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sugarman, P. J.","contributorId":81154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sugarman","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, K.G.","contributorId":18094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"K.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Olsson, R.K.","contributorId":83296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olsson","given":"R.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Browning, J.V.","contributorId":18889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Browning","given":"J.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wright, J.D.","contributorId":34676,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"De Romero, L. M.","contributorId":62779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"De Romero","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"White, T. S.","contributorId":91219,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"White","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Muller, F.L.","contributorId":63187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muller","given":"F.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Uptegrove, J.","contributorId":78902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Uptegrove","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70021261,"text":"70021261 - 1999 - Characterizing a sewage plume using the 3H-3He dating technique","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-21T06:17:11","indexId":"70021261","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterizing a sewage plume using the 3H-3He dating technique","docAbstract":"An extensive <sup>3</sup>H<sup>-3</sup>He study was performed to determine detailed characteristics of a regional flow system and a sewage plume over a distance of 4 km in a sand and gravel aquifer at Otis Air Base in Falmouth, Massachusetts. <sup>3</sup>H<sup>-3</sup>He ages increase with depth in individual piezometer clusters and with distance along flowpaths. However, the age gradient with depth (Δt/Δz) is smaller in the plume than that in the regional waters, due to the intense recharge in the infiltration beds. The 1960s bomb peak of tritium in precipitation is archived longitudinally along a flowline through the main axis of the plume and vertically in individual piezometer clusters. On the eastern side of the sampling area, where water from Ashumet Pond forces plume water deeper into the flow system, <sup>3</sup>H<sup>-3</sup>He ages are young at depth because the <sup>3</sup>H<sup>-3</sup>He \"clock\" is reset due to outgassing of helium in the pond. A reconstruction of the tritium input functions for the regional and plume samples shows that there is no offset in the peak [<sup>3</sup>H]+[<sup>3</sup>He<sup>trit</sup>] concentrations for the plume and regional water, indicating that the water from supply wells for use on the base is young. The <sup>3</sup>H<sup>-3</sup>He ages and detergent concentrations in individual wells are consistent with the beginning of use of detergents and the time period when their concentrations in sewage would have been greatest. Ages and hydraulic properties calculated using the <sup>3</sup>H<sup>-3</sup>He data compare well with those from previous investigations and from particle-tracking simulations.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1999.tb01185.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Shapiro, S.D., LeBlanc, D., Schlosser, P., and Ludin, A., 1999, Characterizing a sewage plume using the 3H-3He dating technique: Ground Water, v. 37, no. 6, p. 861-878, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1999.tb01185.x.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"861","endPage":"878","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":230142,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":278552,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1999.tb01185.x"}],"volume":"37","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-08-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f4ede4b0c8380cd4bfeb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shapiro, Stephanie Dunkle","contributorId":82738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shapiro","given":"Stephanie","email":"","middleInitial":"Dunkle","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"LeBlanc, Denis","contributorId":11363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LeBlanc","given":"Denis","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schlosser, Peter","contributorId":50936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schlosser","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ludin, Andrea","contributorId":93232,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ludin","given":"Andrea","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70021983,"text":"70021983 - 1999 - Predation of artificial ground nests on white-tailed prairie dog colonies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-29T23:15:54.866581","indexId":"70021983","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predation of artificial ground nests on white-tailed prairie dog colonies","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Management","doi":"10.2307/3802509","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Baker, B., Stanley, T., and Sedgwick, J., 1999, Predation of artificial ground nests on white-tailed prairie dog colonies: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 63, no. 1, p. 270-277, https://doi.org/10.2307/3802509.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"270","endPage":"277","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":229096,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"63","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8157e4b0c8380cd7b4a9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baker, B.W.","contributorId":18707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"B.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":391931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stanley, T.R.","contributorId":61379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanley","given":"T.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":391933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sedgwick, J.A.","contributorId":25508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sedgwick","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":391932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70021641,"text":"70021641 - 1999 - Taxonomic status of <i>Myotis occultus</i>","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-10T15:04:41","indexId":"70021641","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2373,"text":"Journal of Mammalogy","onlineIssn":"1545-1542","printIssn":"0022-2372","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Taxonomic status of <i>Myotis occultus</i>","docAbstract":"<p>The taxonomic status of the Arizona myotis (<i>Myotis occultus</i>) is uncertain. Although the taxon was described as a distinct species and currently is regarded as such by some authors, others have noted what they interpreted as intergradation with the little brown bat (<i>M.</i> <i>lucifugus carissima</i>) near the Colorado-New Mexico state line. In this study, we used protein electrophoresis to compare bats of these nominal taxa. We examined 20 loci from 142 specimens referable to <i>M. occultus</i> and <i>M. lucifugus</i> from New Mexico, Colorado, and Wyoming. Nine of the 20 loci were polymorphic. Results show that there were high similarities among samples, no fixed alleles, and minor divergence from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Our results suggest that the two nominal taxa represent only one species and that <i>M. occultus</i> should be regarded as a subspecies of <i>M. lucifugus</i>.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.2307/1383300","issn":"00222372","usgsCitation":"Valdez, E., Choate, J.R., Bogan, M., and Yates, T.L., 1999, Taxonomic status of <i>Myotis occultus</i>: Journal of Mammalogy, v. 80, no. 2, p. 545-552, https://doi.org/10.2307/1383300.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"545","endPage":"552","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487283,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://scholars.fhsu.edu/sternberg_facpubs/6","text":"External Repository"},{"id":229143,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"80","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba3f0e4b08c986b31ffca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Valdez, E.W.","contributorId":13581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valdez","given":"E.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":390575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Choate, Jerry R.","contributorId":47109,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Choate","given":"Jerry","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":390577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bogan, M.A.","contributorId":17939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bogan","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":390576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Yates, Terry L.","contributorId":87489,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yates","given":"Terry","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":390578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
]}