No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr01392","usgsCitation":"Winston, R., 2001, Programs for simplifying the analysis of geographic information in U. S. Geological Survey ground-water models: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-392, 67 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr01392.","productDescription":"67 p.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":159991,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0392/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59752,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0392/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9be4b07f02db65e058","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Winston, R.B.","contributorId":32950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winston","given":"R.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":30913,"text":"wri014069 - 2001 - Estimation of hydraulic characteristics in the Santa Fe Group aquifer system using computer simulations of river and drain pulses in the Rio Bravo study area, near Albuquerque, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:04","indexId":"wri014069","displayToPublicDate":"2001-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-4069","title":"Estimation of hydraulic characteristics in the Santa Fe Group aquifer system using computer simulations of river and drain pulses in the Rio Bravo study area, near Albuquerque, New Mexico","docAbstract":"In 1997, the U.S. Geological Survey conducted a hydrologic \r\ninvestigation of the surface-water/ground-water interaction of \r\nthe Rio Grande and the surrounding alluvium and the Santa Fe Group \r\naquifer system in an area near the Rio Bravo Bridge, south of Albu-\r\nquerque, New Mexico. A set of existing wells and new wells were \r\ninstrumented to monitor water levels in a section perpendicular to \r\nthe Rio Grande on the east side of the river. Equipment to measure \r\nstream stage was installed at two sites--on the Albuquerque Riverside \r\nDrain and on the Rio Grande. A short-duration river pulse and a \r\nlong-duration river pulse were used to stress the ground-water \r\nsystem while the changes in water levels were monitored. A ground-\r\nwater flow-model simulation using the principle of superposition was \r\nused to estimate the hydraulic characteristics of the local \r\nground-water system. Simulated horizontal hydraulic conductivities\r\nvaried from 0.03 to 100 feet per day, and vertical hydraulic \r\nconductivities varied from 1.5 x 10-6 to 0.01 foot per day. The \r\nspecific yield of layer 1 was estimated to be 0.3. Specific storage \r\nfor layers 2 through 11 was 1.0 x 10-6. Water entering the model from \r\nthe river along a 300-foot-wide cross section during simulation of \r\nthe short-duration pulse averaged 7.46 x 10-3 cubic foot per second \r\nand during the long-duration pulse was 1.66 x 10-3 cubic foot per \r\nsecond. The average flux from the model to the drain during the \r\nshort-duration pulse was 3.18 x 10-3 cubic foot per second. The \r\naverage flux for the long-duration pulse was 7.14 x 10-3 cubic foot \r\nper second from the drain to the model.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri014069","usgsCitation":"Roark, D., 2001, Estimation of hydraulic characteristics in the Santa Fe Group aquifer system using computer simulations of river and drain pulses in the Rio Bravo study area, near Albuquerque, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4069, 52 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri014069.","productDescription":"52 p. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":95876,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4069/report.pdf","size":"3004","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":160309,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4069/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db672408","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roark, D.M.","contributorId":20776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roark","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":58058,"text":"wri20014194 - 2001 - Water-quality characteristics in the Black Hills area, South Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:12:13","indexId":"wri20014194","displayToPublicDate":"2001-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-4194","title":"Water-quality characteristics in the Black Hills area, South Dakota","docAbstract":"This report summarizes the water-quality characteristics of ground-water and surface-water in the Black Hills area. Differences in groundwater quality by aquifer and differences in surfacewater quality by water source are presented. Ground-water characteristics are discussed individually for each of the major aquifers in the Black Hills area, referred to herein as the Precambrian, Deadwood, Madison, Minnelusa, Minnekahta, and Inyan Kara aquifers. Characteristics for minor aquifers also are discussed briefly. Surface-water characteristics are discussed for hydrogeologic settings including headwater springs, crystalline core sites, artesian springs, and exterior sites.\r\n\r\nTo characterize the water quality of aquifers and streams in the Black Hills area, data from the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Information System water-quality database were examined. This included samples collected as part of the Black Hills Hydrology Study as well as for other studies within the time frame of October 1, 1930, to September 30, 1998. Tables of individual results are not presented in this report, only summaries. Constituents summarized and discussed include physical properties, common ions, nutrients, trace elements, and radionuclides. Comparisons of concentration levels are made to drinking-water standards as well as beneficial-use and aquatic-life criteria.\r\n\r\nGround water within the Black Hills and surrounding area generally is fresh and hard to very hard. Concentrations exceeding various Secondary and Maximum Contaminant Levels may affect the use of the water in some areas for many aquifers within the study area. Concentrations that exceed Secondary Maximum Contaminant Levels (SMCL's) generally affect the water only aesthetically. Radionuclide concentrations may be especially high in some of the major aquifers used within the study area and preclude the use of water in some areas. The sodiumadsorption ratio and specific conductance may affect irrigation use for some wells.\r\n\r\nHigh concentrations of iron and manganese are the only concentrations that may hamper the use of water from Precambrian aquifers. The principal deterrents to use of water from the Deadwood aquifer are the high concentrations of radionuclides as well as iron and manganese. Iron, manganese, and hardness may deter use of water from the Madison aquifer as well as dissolved solids and sulfate in downgradient wells (generally deeper than 2,000 feet). Iron, manganese, and hardness may also deter use of the Minnelusa aquifer. Water from the Minnekahta aquifer generally is suitable for all water uses although it is hard to very hard. High concentrations of dissolved solids, iron, sulfate, and manganese may hamper the use of water from the Inyan Kara aquifer. In the southern Black Hills, radium-226 and uranium concentrations also may preclude use of water from the Inyan Kara aquifer. Suitability for irrigation may be affected by high specific conductance and sodium-adsorption ratio for the Inyan Kara.\r\n\r\nSurface-water quality within the Black Hills and surrounding area generally is very good but the water is hard to very hard. Concentrations of some constituents in the study area tend to be higher exterior to the Black Hills, primarily due to influences from the Cretaceous-age marine shales, including dissolved solids, sodium, sulfate, selenium, and uranium. Headwater springs have relatively constant discharge, specific conductance, dissolved solids, and concentrations of most other constituents.\r\n\r\nConcentrations at crystalline core sites are very similar to those found in samples from Precambrian aquifers. Some high nitrate concentrations greater than the Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) of 10 mg/L (milligrams per liter) have occurred at Annie Creek near Lead, which have been attributed to mining impacts. Trace elements generally are low with the exception of arsenic, for which 60 percent of samples exceed the proposed MCL of 10 ug/L (micrograms per liter) and one sample","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri20014194","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the \r\nSouth Dakota Department of Environment and Natural Resources and the West Dakota Water Development District ","usgsCitation":"Williamson, J., and Carter, J.M., 2001, Water-quality characteristics in the Black Hills area, South Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4194, 196 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri20014194.","productDescription":"196 p. ","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":184067,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5987,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri014194/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5fafad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williamson, Joyce E. jewillia@usgs.gov","contributorId":1964,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williamson","given":"Joyce E.","email":"jewillia@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":258240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carter, Janet M. 0000-0002-6376-3473 jmcarter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6376-3473","contributorId":339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"Janet","email":"jmcarter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":258239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70180722,"text":"70180722 - 2001 - Preface; Water quality of large U.S. rivers; results from the U.S. Geological Survey's National Stream Quality Accounting Network","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-31T16:02:04","indexId":"70180722","displayToPublicDate":"2001-10-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Preface; Water quality of large U.S. rivers; results from the U.S. Geological Survey's National Stream Quality Accounting Network","docAbstract":"The mission of the US Geological Survey (USGS) is to assess the quantity and quality of the earth resources of the USA and to provide information that will assist resource managers and policymakers at federal, state and local levels in making sound decisions. Characterizing the water quality of the largest rivers of the USA is a daunting prospect, especially given the resources available for the task. The most effective approach is uncertain and is legitimately a research topic. The National Stream Quality Accounting Network (NASQAN) was redesigned in 1995 to estimate the annual mass flux of constituents at a network of fixed stations in the Mississippi, Rio Grande, Colorado, and Columbia River basins. This special volume of Hydrological Processes contains a series of papers evaluating the data collected by NASQAN during its first 3 years of operation under this design. The NASQAN network complements other USGS national programs that are designed to address water quality at different scales. The National Water-Quality Assessment Program (Hirsch et al., 1988) is designed around river basins of 10 000 to 100 000 km2 (versus these NASQAN basins, which are 650 000 to 3 100 000 km2 at their most downstream stations). The USGS also operates the Hydrologic Benchmark Network that is focused on relatively pristine basins of only 10 to 100 km2 (Mast and Turk, 1999a,b; Clark et al., 2000; Mast et al., 2000).
","language":"English","doi":"10.1002/hyp.204","issn":"0885-6087","usgsCitation":"Hirsch, R.M., and Hooper, R.P., 2001, Preface; Water quality of large U.S. rivers; results from the U.S. Geological Survey's National Stream Quality Accounting Network: Hydrological Processes, v. 15, no. 7, p. 1085-1087, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.204.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"1085","endPage":"1087","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":334519,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2001-05-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5891b0aae4b072a7ac129907","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Kelly, Valerie J. vjkelly@usgs.gov","contributorId":4161,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelly","given":"Valerie","email":"vjkelly@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":662151,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Hirsch, Robert M. 0000-0002-4534-075X rhirsch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4534-075X","contributorId":2005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hirsch","given":"Robert","email":"rhirsch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37316,"text":"WMA - Integrated Information Dissemination Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":662149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hooper, Richard P.","contributorId":19144,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hooper","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70185188,"text":"70185188 - 2001 - Impacts of heterogeneous organic matter on phenanthrene sorption--Different soil and sediment samples","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-04T14:23:35","indexId":"70185188","displayToPublicDate":"2001-10-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impacts of heterogeneous organic matter on phenanthrene sorption--Different soil and sediment samples","docAbstract":"Organic petrography has been proposed as a tool for characterizing the heterogeneous organic matter present in soil and sediment samples. A new simplified method is proposed as a quantitative means of interpreting observed sorption behavior for phenanthrene and different soils and sediments based on their organic petrographical characterization. This method is tested under singe solute conditions and at phenanthrene concentration of 1 μg/L. Since the opaque organic matter fraction dominates the sorption process, we propose that by quantifying this fraction one can interpret organic content normalized sorption distribution coefficient (Koc) values for a sample. While this method was developed and tested for various samples within the same aquifer, in the current study the method is validated for soil and sediment samples from different sites that cover a wide range of organic matter origin, age, and organic content. All 10 soil and sediment samples studied had log Koc values for the opaque particles between 5.6 and 6.8. This range of Koc values illustrates the heterogeneity of opaque particles between sites and geological formations and thus the need to characterize the opaque fraction of materials on a site-by-site basis.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es010654n","usgsCitation":"Karapanagioti, H.K., Childs, J., and Sabatini, D.A., 2001, Impacts of heterogeneous organic matter on phenanthrene sorption--Different soil and sediment samples: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 35, no. 23, p. 4684-4690, https://doi.org/10.1021/es010654n.","productDescription":"7 p. ","startPage":"4684","endPage":"4690","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337691,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"23","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2001-10-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58cba41fe4b0849ce97dc766","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Karapanagioti, Hrissi K.","contributorId":189380,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Karapanagioti","given":"Hrissi","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Childs, Jeffrey","contributorId":189381,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Childs","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sabatini, David A.","contributorId":189382,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sabatini","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70185078,"text":"70185078 - 2001 - Natural attenuation strategy for groundwater cleanup focuses on demonstrating cause and effect","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-01T17:11:45.787306","indexId":"70185078","displayToPublicDate":"2001-10-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Natural attenuation strategy for groundwater cleanup focuses on demonstrating cause and effect","docAbstract":"In the 20 years since cleanup of contaminated groundwater has been a high priority in the United States, recognition of both the scope of the problem and the technical difficulties involved has grown steadily. Estimates of the number of hazardous waste sites where groundwater may be contaminated vary between 300,000 and 400,000 nationwide [NRC, 1994]. Legislation passed in the 1980s by Congress and the states generally required that groundwater in contaminated aquifers be restored to background or drinking water standards. Unfortunately, attempts to meet these goals using conventional methods, such as pump and treat systems, frequently have been unsuccessful [NRC, 1994].
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/01EO00028","usgsCitation":"Bekins, B.A., Rittmann, B.E., and MacDonald, J.A., 2001, Natural attenuation strategy for groundwater cleanup focuses on demonstrating cause and effect: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 82, no. 5, p. 53-58, https://doi.org/10.1029/01EO00028.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"53","endPage":"58","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478822,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/01eo00028","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":337508,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"82","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-10-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c9012ae4b0849ce97abd18","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bekins, Barbara A. 0000-0002-1411-6018 babekins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1411-6018","contributorId":1348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bekins","given":"Barbara","email":"babekins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":684226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rittmann, Bruce E.","contributorId":187944,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rittmann","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"MacDonald, J. A.","contributorId":189249,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"MacDonald","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70182147,"text":"70182147 - 2001 - Ground water and surface water: the linkage tightens, but challenges remain","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-16T15:48:40","indexId":"70182147","displayToPublicDate":"2001-10-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ground water and surface water: the linkage tightens, but challenges remain","docAbstract":"Historic mining in Little Cottonwood Canyon in Utah has left behind many mine drainage tunnels that discharge water to Little Cottonwood Creek. To quantify the major sources of mine drainage to the stream, synoptic sampling was conducted during a tracer injection under low flow conditions (September 1998). There were distinct increases in discharge downstream from mine drainage and major tributary inflows that represented the total surface and subsurface contributions. The chemistry of stream water determined from synoptic sampling was controlled by the weathering of carbonate rocks and mine drainage inflows. Buffering by carbonate rocks maintained a high pH throughout the study reach. Most of the metal loading was from four surface-water inflows and three subsurface inflows. The main subsurface inflow was from a mine pool in the Wasatch Tunnel. Natural attenuation of all the metals resulted in the formation of colloidal solids, sorption of some metals, and accumulation onto the streambed. The deposition on the streambed could contribute to chronic toxicity for aquatic organisms. Information from the study will help to make decisions about environmental restoration.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/s002540100320","usgsCitation":"Kimball, B., Runkel, R., and Gerner, L., 2001, Quantification of mine-drainage inflows to Little Cottonwood Creek, Utah, using a tracer-injection and synoptic-sampling study: Environmental Geology, v. 40, no. 11, p. 1390-1404, https://doi.org/10.1007/s002540100320.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1390","endPage":"1404","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337697,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Cottonwood creek ","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.78657531738281,\n 40.62620049126207\n ],\n [\n -111.78520202636719,\n 40.614473680534935\n ],\n [\n -111.70932769775389,\n 40.62750334315296\n ],\n [\n -111.66675567626953,\n 40.63297504354541\n ],\n [\n -111.60839080810545,\n 40.62203119441502\n ],\n [\n -111.5936279296875,\n 40.61864344909241\n ],\n [\n -111.59328460693358,\n 40.63323558952353\n ],\n [\n -111.62899017333984,\n 40.650950330810694\n ],\n [\n -111.66160583496094,\n 40.65381550894382\n ],\n [\n -111.7086410522461,\n 40.644959106244734\n ],\n [\n -111.77352905273438,\n 40.62932729310059\n ],\n [\n -111.78314208984375,\n 40.62515819144965\n ],\n [\n -111.78657531738281,\n 40.62620049126207\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"40","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58cba41fe4b0849ce97dc768","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kimball, B.","contributorId":189384,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kimball","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Runkel, R.","contributorId":189385,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Runkel","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gerner, L.","contributorId":189386,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gerner","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":21948,"text":"ofr0110 - 2001 - Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey Organic Geochemistry Research Group--Update and additions to the determination of chloroacetanilide herbicide degradation compounds in water using high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-23T16:02:29","indexId":"ofr0110","displayToPublicDate":"2001-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-10","displayTitle":"Methods of Analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey Organic Geochemistry Research Group-Update and Additions to the Determination of Chloroacetanilide Herbicide Degradation Compounds in Water Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry","title":"Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey Organic Geochemistry Research Group--Update and additions to the determination of chloroacetanilide herbicide degradation compounds in water using high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry","docAbstract":"An analytical method using high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS) was developed by the U.S. Geological Survey in 1999 for the analysis of selected chloroacetanilide herbicide degradation compounds in water. These compounds were acetochlor ethane sulfonic acid (ESA), acetochlor oxanilic acid (OXA), alachlor ESA, alachlor OXA, metolachlor ESA, and metolachlor OXA. The HPLC/MS method was updated in 2000, and the method detection limits were modified accordingly. Four other degradation compounds also were added to the list of compounds that can be analyzed using HPLC/MS; these compounds were dimethenamid ESA, dimethenamid OXA, flufenacet ESA, and flufenacet OXA. Except for flufenacet OXA, good precision and accuracy were demonstrated for the updated HPLC/MS method in buffered reagent water, surface water, and ground water. The mean HPLC/MS recoveries of the degradation compounds from water samples spiked at 0.20 and 1.0 g/L (microgram per liter) ranged from 75 to 114 percent, with relative standard deviations of 15.8 percent or less for all compounds except flufenacet OXA, which had relative standard deviations ranging from 11.3 to 48.9 percent. Method detection levels (MDL's) using the updated HPLC/MS method varied from 0.009 to 0.045 ?g/L, with the flufenacet OXA MDL at 0.072 g/L. The updated HPLC/MS method is valuable for acquiring information about the fate and transport of the parent chloroacetanilide herbicides in water.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr0110","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Lee, E., Kish, J., Zimmerman, L., and Thurman, E., 2001, Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey Organic Geochemistry Research Group--Update and additions to the determination of chloroacetanilide herbicide degradation compounds in water using high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-10, iv, 17 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr0110.","productDescription":"iv, 17 p. ","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":155236,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0010/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":51423,"rank":298,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0010/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a53e4b07f02db62bb16","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, E.A.","contributorId":48608,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"E.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kish, J.L.","contributorId":97937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kish","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zimmerman, L.R.","contributorId":28624,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"L.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thurman, E.","contributorId":75006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thurman","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":31295,"text":"ofr01185 - 2001 - The Kiowa core, a continuous drill core through the Denver Basin bedrock aquifers at Kiowa, Elbert County, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-11T12:54:41","indexId":"ofr01185","displayToPublicDate":"2001-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-185","title":"The Kiowa core, a continuous drill core through the Denver Basin bedrock aquifers at Kiowa, Elbert County, Colorado","docAbstract":"The Kiowa core was obtained as a component of the Denver Basin Project, a cooperative research effort to study the evolution of the Denver Basin, Colorado. The Kiowa core provides a virtually continuous stratigraphic record of the Upper Cretaceous and lower Tertiary strata of the Denver Basin. The upper portion of the core recovered strata conventionally referred to as the Arapahoe and Denver Formations and the Dawson Arkose. A prominent unconformity marked by a mature paleosol breaks these strata into two unconformity-bounded sequences; the lower sequence is termed Dl and the upper sequence, D2. Beneath these units and also penetrated by the core occur the Laramie Formation, Fox Hills Sandstone, and Pierre Shale.
The site for coring was selected in order to obtain fine-grained strata suitable for both palynological and paleomagnetic analyses. The coring effort recovered 93 percent of the 2,256 ft of rock penetrated, resulting in a nearly continuous record of the sedimentary rocks recording the retreat of the Cretaceous Interior Seaway and the subsequent uplift of the Front Range portion of the Rocky Mountains.
Palynological data constrain the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary to a depth between 878 and 880 ft in the core. The palynological data also serve to bracket the age of the paleosol marking the unconformity between the Dl and D2 sequences to between middle Paleocene and earliest Eocene. The paleomagnetic data are interpreted to represent polarity intervals ranging from polarity subchrons 31r to 28n and polarity subchron 24r.
Hydrologic analyses indicate variable aquifer characteristics across the State-defined bedrock aquifers. Individual aquifer units exhibit generally lower water-yield potential than was identified to the west in a core drilled by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in 1987 at Castle Pines, Colorado. Downhole temperature measurements indicate a normal geothermal gradient of 30°C/ km. Perturbations of the gradient may represent active fluid flow through the aquifers penetrated by the core.
Petrographic examination of the cored sandstone and mudstone units document both the clay-rich character of the paleosol series marking the boundary between the Dl and D2 sequences, and variation in sandstone composition with depth. The lower sequence (Dl) is characterized by litharenites with a significant volcaniclastic component, while the upper sequence (D2) is more arkosic. Extensive lignite beds occur in Dl in the cored interval and these appear as strong reflectors on the seismic line that passes near the core hole. A set of electric logs, core descriptions, and derived data sets accompany this report.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr01185","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with National Science Foundation, U.S. Geological Survey, Colorado Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Resources, Office of the State Engineer, Colorado Geological Survey, Elbert County, Colorado, Colorado State University, University of Colorado, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, University of Alaska, Scripps Institution of Oceanography","usgsCitation":"Raynolds, R.G., Johnson, K.R., Arnold, L., Farnham, T.M., Fleming, R., Hicks, J.F., Kelley, S.A., Lapey, L.A., Nichols, D.J., Obradovich, J.D., and Wilson, M., 2001, The Kiowa core, a continuous drill core through the Denver Basin bedrock aquifers at Kiowa, Elbert County, Colorado (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-185, 127 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr01185.","productDescription":"127 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":2932,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr-01-0185/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":161292,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0185/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59728,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0185/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","county":"Elbert County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -104.51053619384766,\n 39.319159627523035\n ],\n [\n -104.42161560058594,\n 39.319159627523035\n ],\n [\n -104.42161560058594,\n 39.37756814810105\n ],\n [\n -104.51053619384766,\n 39.37756814810105\n ],\n [\n -104.51053619384766,\n 39.319159627523035\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67c03e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Raynolds, Robert G.H.","contributorId":70814,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raynolds","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"G.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Kirk R.","contributorId":16877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Kirk","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Arnold, L. Rick","contributorId":101613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arnold","given":"L. Rick","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Farnham, Timothy M.","contributorId":44202,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farnham","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fleming, R. Farley","contributorId":83950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleming","given":"R. Farley","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hicks, Jason F.","contributorId":52235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hicks","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kelley, Shari A.","contributorId":25606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelley","given":"Shari","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Lapey, Laura A.","contributorId":103332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lapey","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Nichols, Douglas J.","contributorId":87184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Obradovich, John D.","contributorId":84361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Obradovich","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Wilson, Michael D.","contributorId":23188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Michael D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":31279,"text":"ofr01155 - 2001 - Selected hydrologic and water-quality data for Kamas Valley and vicinity, Summit County, Utah, 1997-2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-11T09:49:47","indexId":"ofr01155","displayToPublicDate":"2001-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-155","title":"Selected hydrologic and water-quality data for Kamas Valley and vicinity, Summit County, Utah, 1997-2000","docAbstract":"This report contains hydrologic and water-quality data collected in the Kamas Valley vicinity during a study from 1997 to 2000. The study area is in Summit County in north-central Utah and is part of the Middle Rocky Mountains Physiographic Province described by Fenneman (1931). Data were collected in Kamas Valley between the Uinta Mountains on the east and the West Hills on the west, the upper Weber River area, the Samak area along Beaver Creek, the Woodland area, and the Indian Hollow area. These areas, where population growth and water demand are concentrated, encompass about 70 square miles and include the Weber River, Beaver Creek, and Provo River drainages. Surface water is the dominant hydrologic resource. The combined average flow from these three drainages is about 345,000 acre-feet per year. Ground water is present in the unconsolidated deposits in Kamas Valley, in stream alluvium along Beaver Creek and the upper Weber River, and in the consolidated rocks surrounding Kamas Valley.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S.Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Salt Lake City, UT","doi":"10.3133/ofr01155","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Utah Department Of Natural Resources, Division of Water Rights; Utah Department of Environmental Quality, Division of Water Quality; Weber Basin Water Conservancy District; Davis and Weber Counties Canal Company; and the Weber River Water Users Association","usgsCitation":"Haraden, P.L., Spangler, L., Brooks, L., and Stolp, B., 2001, Selected hydrologic and water-quality data for Kamas Valley and vicinity, Summit County, Utah, 1997-2000: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-155, Report: iv, 85 p.; 1 Plate: 18.92 x 26.04 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr01155.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 85 p.; 1 Plate: 18.92 x 26.04 inches","numberOfPages":"93","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":160188,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":339531,"rank":4,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr01155/pdf/OFR01155.pdf"},{"id":2903,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr01155","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":258661,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0155/plate-1.pdf","size":"3.70 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"1","country":"United States","state":"Utah","county":"Summit County","otherGeospatial":"Kamas Valley","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a06e4b07f02db5f8c45","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haraden, Peter L.","contributorId":60276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haraden","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Spangler, L.E.","contributorId":54230,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spangler","given":"L.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brooks, L.E.","contributorId":41852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brooks","given":"L.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stolp, Bernard J. 0000-0003-3803-1497","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3803-1497","contributorId":71942,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stolp","given":"Bernard J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":33083,"text":"b2187 - 2001 - Variations in river flow to the Gulf of Mexico: implications for paleoenvironmental studies of Gulf of Mexico marine sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-09T15:22:04","indexId":"b2187","displayToPublicDate":"2001-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2187","title":"Variations in river flow to the Gulf of Mexico: implications for paleoenvironmental studies of Gulf of Mexico marine sediments","docAbstract":"Analyses of selected gaging station records from the Mississippi River and Rio Grande show that variations in discharge of these rivers into the Gulf of Mexico reflect major flood events and regional-scale drought intervals known from the historical record. Variations in Rio Grande discharge show good correlation with El Ni?o/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events and short-term variability. Mississippi River discharge does not show correlation with ENSO events or short-term variability. However, Mississippi River discharge does appear to respond to long-term changes in ENSO variability and mean climate state. The link between historical hydrologic extremes and discharge of the Rio Grande and Mississippi River into the Gulf of Mexico indicates that shelf and slope sediments of the Gulf of Mexico contain a long-term record of flood and drought intervals of the Southwestern and Central United States.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/b2187","usgsCitation":"Poore, R.Z., Darling, J., Dowsett, H.J., and Wright, L., 2001, Variations in river flow to the Gulf of Mexico: implications for paleoenvironmental studies of Gulf of Mexico marine sediments (Online Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 2187, 21 figs, 2 tables, https://doi.org/10.3133/b2187.","productDescription":"21 figs, 2 tables","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":164377,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3285,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bulletin/b2187 ","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Online Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a14e4b07f02db602a63","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Poore, Richard Z. rpoore@usgs.gov","contributorId":345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poore","given":"Richard","email":"rpoore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":209852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Darling, Jessica","contributorId":10853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Darling","given":"Jessica","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":209854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dowsett, Harry J. 0000-0003-1983-7524 hdowsett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1983-7524","contributorId":949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dowsett","given":"Harry","email":"hdowsett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":209853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wright, Liana","contributorId":71231,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"Liana","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":209855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":30932,"text":"wri014119 - 2001 - Hydrologic budgets for the Madison and Minnelusa aquifers, Black Hills of South Dakota and Wyoming, water years 1987-96","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:04","indexId":"wri014119","displayToPublicDate":"2001-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-4119","title":"Hydrologic budgets for the Madison and Minnelusa aquifers, Black Hills of South Dakota and Wyoming, water years 1987-96","docAbstract":"The Madison and Minnelusa aquifers are two of the most important aquifers in the Black Hills area of South Dakota and Wyoming. Quantification and evaluation of various hydrologic budget components are important for managing and understanding these aquifers.\r\n\r\nHydrologic budgets are developed for two scenarios, including an overall budget for the entire study area and more detailed budgets for subareas. Budgets generally are combined for the Madison and Minnelusa aquifers because most budget components cannot be quantified individually for the aquifers. An average hydrologic budget for the entire study area is computed for water years 1987-96, for which change in storage is approximately equal to zero. Annual estimates of budget components are included in detailed budgets for nine subareas, which consider periods of decreasing storage (1987-92) and increasing storage (1993-96).\r\n\r\nInflow components include recharge, leakage from adjacent aquifers, and ground-water inflows across the study area boundary. Outflows include springflow (headwater and artesian), well withdrawals, leakage to adjacent aquifers, and ground-water outflow across the study area boundary. Leakage, ground-water inflows, and ground-water outflows are difficult to quantify and cannot be distinguished from one another. Thus, net ground-water flow, which includes these components, is calculated as a residual, using estimates for the other budget components.\r\n\r\nFor the overall budget for water years 1987-96, net ground-water outflow from the study area is computed as 100 ft3/s (cubic feet per second). Estimates of average combined budget components for the Madison and Minnelusa aquifers are: 395 ft3/s for recharge, 78 ft3/s for headwater springflow, 189 ft3/s for artesian springflow, and 28 ft3/s for well withdrawals.\r\n\r\nHydrologic budgets also are quantified for nine subareas for periods of decreasing storage (1987-92) and increasing storage (1993-96), with changes in storage assumed equal but opposite. Common subareas are identified for the Madison and Minnelusa aquifers, and previous components from the overall budget generally are distributed over the subareas. Estimates of net ground-water flow for the two aquifers are computed, with net ground-water outflow exceeding inflow for most subareas. Outflows range from 5.9 ft3/s in the area east of Rapid City to 48.6 ft3/s along the southwestern flanks of the Black Hills. Net groundwater inflow exceeds outflow for two subareas where the discharge of large artesian springs exceeds estimated recharge within the subareas.\r\n\r\nMore detailed subarea budgets also are developed, which include estimates of flow components for the individual aquifers at specific flow zones. The net outflows and inflows from the preliminary subarea budgets are used to estimate transmissivity of flow across specific flow zones based on Darcy?s Law. For estimation purposes, it is assumed that transmissivities of the Madison and Minnelusa aquifers are equal in any particular flow zone. The resulting transmissivity estimates range from 90 ft2/d to about 7,400 ft2/d, which is similar to values reported by previous investigators. The highest transmissivity estimates are for areas in the northern and southwestern parts of the study area, and the lowest transmissivity estimates are along the eastern study area boundary.\r\n\r\nEvaluation of subarea budgets provides confidence in budget components developed for the overall budget, especially regarding precipitation recharge, which is particularly difficult to estimate. Recharge estimates are consistently compatible with other budget components, including artesian springflow, which is a dominant component in many subareas. Calculated storage changes for subareas also are consistent with other budget components, specifically artesian springflow and net ground-water flow, and also are consistent with water-level fluctuations for observation wells. Ground-water budgets and flowpaths are especially complex i","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri014119","usgsCitation":"Carter, J.M., Driscoll, D.G., Hamade, G.R., and Jarrell, G., 2001, Hydrologic budgets for the Madison and Minnelusa aquifers, Black Hills of South Dakota and Wyoming, water years 1987-96: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4119, 53 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri014119.","productDescription":"53 p. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":2888,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri01-4119","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":160347,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fbe4b07f02db5f4865","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carter, Janet M. 0000-0002-6376-3473 jmcarter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6376-3473","contributorId":339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"Janet","email":"jmcarter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":204388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Driscoll, Daniel G. dgdrisco@usgs.gov","contributorId":1558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Driscoll","given":"Daniel","email":"dgdrisco@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":204389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hamade, Ghaith R.","contributorId":20774,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamade","given":"Ghaith","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jarrell, Gregory J.","contributorId":27899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jarrell","given":"Gregory J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":31177,"text":"ofr00413 - 2001 - Selected field and analytical methods and analytical results in the Dutch Flats area, western Nebraska, 1995-99","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-21T17:40:00.113838","indexId":"ofr00413","displayToPublicDate":"2001-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-413","title":"Selected field and analytical methods and analytical results in the Dutch Flats area, western Nebraska, 1995-99","docAbstract":"A study of the water resources of the Dutch Flats area in the western part of the North Platte Natural Resources District, western Nebraska, was conducted from 1995 through 1999 to describe the surface water and hydrogeology, the spatial distribution of selected water-quality constituents in surface and ground water, and the surface-water/ground-water interaction in selected areas. This report describes the selected field and analytical methods used in the study and selected analytical results from the study not previously published. Specifically, dissolved gases, age-dating data, and other isotopes collected as part of an intensive sampling effort in August and November 1998 and all uranium and uranium isotope data collected through the course of this study are included in the report.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr00413","usgsCitation":"Verstraeten, I., Steele, G.V., Cannia, J.C., Bohlke, J., Kraemer, T., Hitch, D., Wilson, K., and Carnes, A., 2001, Selected field and analytical methods and analytical results in the Dutch Flats area, western Nebraska, 1995-99: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-413, iv, 53 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr00413.","productDescription":"iv, 53 p.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":160340,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0413/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59697,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0413/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","county":"Scotts Bluff County","otherGeospatial":"Dutch Flats","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-103.3605,42.0037],[-103.361,41.7442],[-103.3684,41.744],[-103.3681,41.7004],[-103.3681,41.6986],[-104.0522,41.6975],[-104.0522,41.7004],[-104.0525,41.998],[-104.0525,42.0024],[-103.9858,42.0018],[-103.8697,42.0021],[-103.6367,42.0025],[-103.5162,42.0027],[-103.3995,42.004],[-103.3605,42.0037]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Scotts Bluff\",\"state\":\"NE\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5fa5b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Verstraeten, Ingrid M.","contributorId":61033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verstraeten","given":"Ingrid M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Steele, G. V.","contributorId":62543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steele","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cannia, J. C.","contributorId":105258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannia","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bohlke, J. K. 0000-0001-5693-6455","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":59481,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohlke","given":"J. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kraemer, T.E.","contributorId":6492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kraemer","given":"T.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hitch, D.E.","contributorId":72425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hitch","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wilson, K.E.","contributorId":51340,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"K.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Carnes, A.E.","contributorId":25208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carnes","given":"A.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":30909,"text":"wri014051 - 2001 - Updating flood maps efficiently using existing hydraulic models, very-high-accuracy elevation data, and a geographic information system: A pilot study on the Nisqually River, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-06T19:03:24.764527","indexId":"wri014051","displayToPublicDate":"2001-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-4051","title":"Updating flood maps efficiently using existing hydraulic models, very-high-accuracy elevation data, and a geographic information system: A pilot study on the Nisqually River, Washington","docAbstract":"A method of updating flood inundation maps at a fraction of the expense of using traditional methods was piloted in Washington State as part of the U.S. Geological Survey Urban Geologic and Hydrologic Hazards Initiative. Large savings in expense may be achieved by building upon previous Flood Insurance Studies and automating the process of flood delineation with a Geographic Information System (GIS); increases in accuracy and detail result from the use of very-high-accuracy elevation data and automated delineation; and the resulting digital data sets contain valuable ancillary information such as flood depth, as well as greatly facilitating map storage and utility. The method consists of creating stage-discharge relations from the archived output of the existing hydraulic model, using these relations to create updated flood stages for recalculated flood discharges, and using a GIS to automate the map generation process. Many of the effective flood maps were created in the late 1970?s and early 1980?s, and suffer from a number of well recognized deficiencies such as out-of-date or inaccurate estimates of discharges for selected recurrence intervals, changes in basin characteristics, and relatively low quality elevation data used for flood delineation. FEMA estimates that 45 percent of effective maps are over 10 years old (FEMA, 1997). Consequently, Congress has mandated the updating and periodic review of existing maps, which have cost the Nation almost 3 billion (1997) dollars. The need to update maps and the cost of doing so were the primary motivations for piloting a more cost-effective and efficient updating method. New technologies such as Geographic Information Systems and LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) elevation mapping are key to improving the efficiency of flood map updating, but they also improve the accuracy, detail, and usefulness of the resulting digital flood maps. GISs produce digital maps without manual estimation of inundated areas between cross sections, and can generate working maps across a broad range of scales, for any selected area, and overlayed with easily updated cultural features. Local governments are aggressively collecting very-high-accuracy elevation data for numerous reasons; this not only lowers the cost and increases accuracy of flood maps, but also inherently boosts the level of community involvement in the mapping process. These elevation data are also ideal for hydraulic modeling, should an existing model be judged inadequate.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri014051","usgsCitation":"Jones, J.L., Haluska, T., and Kresch, D.L., 2001, Updating flood maps efficiently using existing hydraulic models, very-high-accuracy elevation data, and a geographic information system: A pilot study on the Nisqually River, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4051, iv, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri014051.","productDescription":"iv, 25 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":400593,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_43377.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":160746,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4051/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":401792,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4051/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Nisqually River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.732,\n 47.033\n ],\n [\n -122.667,\n 47.033\n ],\n [\n -122.667,\n 47.067\n ],\n [\n -122.732,\n 47.067\n ],\n [\n -122.732,\n 47.033\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a25e4b07f02db60ebdb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, Joseph L. jljones@usgs.gov","contributorId":3492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Joseph","email":"jljones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":204339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haluska, Tana 0000-0001-6307-4769 thaluska@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6307-4769","contributorId":1708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haluska","given":"Tana","email":"thaluska@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":204338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kresch, David L.","contributorId":46084,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kresch","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":31310,"text":"ofr2001240 - 2001 - Compilation of water-resources data and hydrogeologic setting for Brunswick County, North Carolina, 1933-2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-05T21:32:51.446695","indexId":"ofr2001240","displayToPublicDate":"2001-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-240","title":"Compilation of water-resources data and hydrogeologic setting for Brunswick County, North Carolina, 1933-2000","docAbstract":"Water-resources data were compiled for Brunswick County, North Carolina, to describe the hydrologic conditions of the County. Hydrologic data collected by the U.S. Geological Survey as well as data collected by other governmental agencies and reviewed by the U.S. Geological Survey are presented. Data from four weather stations and two surface-water stations are summarized. Data also are presented for land use and land cover, soils, geology, hydrogeology, 12 continuously monitored ground-water wells, 73 periodically measured ground-water wells, and water-quality measurements from 39 ground-water wells.\r\n\r\nMean monthly precipitation at the Longwood, Shallotte, Southport, and Wilmington Airport weather stations ranged from 2.19 to 7.94 inches for the periods of record, and mean monthly temperatures at the Longwood, Southport, and Wilmington Airport weather stations ranged from 43.4 to 80.1 degrees Fahrenheit for the periods of record. An evaluation of land-use and land-cover data for Brunswick County indicated that most of the County is either forested land (about 57 percent) or wetlands (about 29 percent). Cross sections are presented to illustrate the general hydrogeology beneath Brunswick County. Water-level data for Brunswick County indicate that water levels ranged from about 110 feet above mean sea level to about 22 feet below mean sea level. Chloride concentrations measured in aquifers in Brunswick County ranged from near 0 to 15,000 milligrams per liter. Chloride levels in the Black Creek and Cape Fear aquifers were measured at well above the potable limit for ground water of 250 milligrams per liter set by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for safe drinking water.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr2001240","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Brunswick County, North Carolina","usgsCitation":"Fine, J.M., and Cunningham, W.L., 2001, Compilation of water-resources data and hydrogeologic setting for Brunswick County, North Carolina, 1933-2000: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-240, iv, 141 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr2001240.","productDescription":"iv, 141 p.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":160018,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12537,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr01240/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":403020,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_43226.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","county":"Brunswick County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.71041870117188,\n 34.29239566218292\n ],\n [\n -77.74200439453125,\n 34.294097509045734\n ],\n [\n -77.74131774902342,\n 34.30090455174585\n ],\n [\n -77.75230407714844,\n 34.30203900523222\n ],\n [\n -77.81684875488281,\n 34.36214310607188\n ],\n [\n -77.80723571777344,\n 34.37857917718959\n ],\n [\n -77.82920837402344,\n 34.38877925439021\n ],\n [\n -77.88688659667969,\n 34.36611072883117\n ],\n [\n -77.89924621582031,\n 34.36554393708233\n ],\n [\n -77.90130615234375,\n 34.37857917718959\n ],\n [\n -77.91641235351562,\n 34.375745601897954\n ],\n [\n -77.93701171875,\n 34.36667751674575\n ],\n [\n -77.96035766601562,\n 34.38311269824024\n ],\n [\n -77.98507690429688,\n 34.37291193073771\n ],\n [\n -77.99400329589844,\n 34.339467372329935\n ],\n [\n -78.03108215332031,\n 34.33152941660457\n ],\n [\n -78.057861328125,\n 34.344003009744206\n ],\n [\n -78.07708740234375,\n 34.339467372329935\n ],\n [\n -78.08120727539062,\n 34.35534102998141\n ],\n [\n -78.09768676757812,\n 34.352506668675936\n ],\n [\n -78.12446594238281,\n 34.36837785748377\n ],\n [\n -78.13957214355469,\n 34.37064492478658\n ],\n [\n -78.16154479980469,\n 34.35534102998141\n ],\n [\n -78.25561523437499,\n 34.219751425785425\n ],\n [\n -78.37509155273438,\n 34.20214846682085\n ],\n [\n -78.36616516113281,\n 34.18794985418271\n ],\n [\n -78.42521667480469,\n 34.14249823152873\n ],\n [\n -78.50486755371092,\n 34.16749965237792\n ],\n [\n -78.54400634765624,\n 34.147044494922504\n ],\n [\n -78.55430603027344,\n 34.09588492955209\n ],\n [\n -78.56803894042969,\n 34.05607276338367\n ],\n [\n -78.59207153320312,\n 34.02933123965998\n ],\n [\n -78.64288330078125,\n 34.00656585534624\n ],\n [\n -78.62640380859375,\n 33.97411463602786\n ],\n [\n -78.65043640136719,\n 33.94392957889264\n ],\n [\n -78.53782653808594,\n 33.852739943216896\n ],\n [\n -78.33045959472656,\n 33.895497227123876\n ],\n [\n -78.10317993164062,\n 33.902336404480685\n ],\n [\n -77.97203063964844,\n 33.837912419023645\n ],\n [\n -77.94456481933594,\n 33.84418591636914\n ],\n [\n -77.84843444824219,\n 34.10043369975709\n ],\n [\n -77.71041870117188,\n 34.29239566218292\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b09e4b07f02db69c18d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fine, Jason M. 0000-0002-6386-256X jmfine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6386-256X","contributorId":2238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fine","given":"Jason","email":"jmfine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":205654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cunningham, William L. wcunning@usgs.gov","contributorId":1198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cunningham","given":"William","email":"wcunning@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":205653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":30787,"text":"cir1217 - 2001 - Ground-water-level monitoring and the importance of long-term water-level data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:05","indexId":"cir1217","displayToPublicDate":"2001-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1217","title":"Ground-water-level monitoring and the importance of long-term water-level data","docAbstract":"Water-level measurements from observation wells are the principal source of information about the effects of hydrologic stresses on ground-water systems. Long-term water-level data are required to address the effects of aquifer development and to compile a hydrologic record of water-level monitoring, uses of long-term water-level data, and improvements in the collection and accessibility of water-level data.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/cir1217","usgsCitation":"Taylor, C.J., and Alley, W., 2001, Ground-water-level monitoring and the importance of long-term water-level data: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1217, 68 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1217.","productDescription":"68 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123410,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/cir_1217.bmp"},{"id":2634,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/circ1217/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4affe4b07f02db697d7e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Taylor, Charles J.","contributorId":93100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Alley, William M.","contributorId":93030,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alley","given":"William M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":30879,"text":"wri004233 - 2001 - Techniques for estimating flood-frequency discharges for streams in Iowa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-08T11:37:46","indexId":"wri004233","displayToPublicDate":"2001-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-4233","title":"Techniques for estimating flood-frequency discharges for streams in Iowa","docAbstract":"A statewide study was conducted to develop regression equations for estimating flood-frequency discharges for ungaged stream sites in Iowa. Thirty-eight selected basin characteristics were quantified and flood-frequency analyses were computed for 291 streamflow-gaging stations in Iowa and adjacent States. A generalized-skew-coefficient analysis was conducted to determine whether generalized skew coefficients could be improved for Iowa. Station skew coefficients were computed for 239 gaging stations in Iowa and adjacent States, and an isoline map of generalized-skew-coefficient values was developed for Iowa using variogram modeling and kriging methods. The skew map provided the lowest mean square error for the generalized-skew- coefficient analysis and was used to revise generalized skew coefficients for flood-frequency analyses for gaging stations in Iowa.
\nRegional regression analysis, using generalized least-squares regression and data from 241 gaging stations,was used to develop equations for three hydrologic regions defined for the State. The regression equations can be used to estimate flood discharges that have recurrence intervals of 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 200, and 500 years for ungaged stream sites in Iowa. One-variable equations were developed for each of the three regions and multi-variable equations were developed for two of the regions. Two sets of equations are presented for two of the regions because one-variable equations are considered easy for users to apply and the predictive accuracies of multi-variable equations are greater. Standard error of prediction for the one-variable equations ranges from about 34 to 45 percent and for the multi-variable equations ranges from about 31 to 42 percent.
\nA region-of-influence regression method was also investigated for estimating flood-frequency discharges for ungaged stream sites in Iowa. A comparison of regional and region-of influence regression methods, based on ease of application and root mean square errors, determined the regional regression method to be the better estimation method for Iowa.
\nTechniques for estimating flood-frequency discharges for streams in Iowa are presented for determining (1) regional regression estimates for ungaged sites on ungaged streams; (2) weighted estimates for gaged sites; and (3) weighted estimates for ungaged sites on gaged streams. The technique for determining regional regression estimates for ungaged sites on ungaged streams requires determining which of four possible examples applies to the location of the stream site and its basin. Illustrations for determining which example applies to an ungaged stream site and for applying both the one-variable and multi-variable regression equations are provided for the estimation techniques.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri004233","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Iowa Department of Transportation and the Iowa Highway Research Board (Project HR-395A)","usgsCitation":"Eash, D.A., 2001, Techniques for estimating flood-frequency discharges for streams in Iowa: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2000-4233, iv, 88 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri004233.","productDescription":"iv, 88 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":316664,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri004233.JPG"},{"id":2788,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://ia.water.usgs.gov/pubs/reports/WRIR_00-4233.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, South Dakota, Wisconsin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.923095703125,\n 43.8899753738369\n ],\n [\n -89.69238281249999,\n 40.136890695345905\n ],\n [\n -97.283935546875,\n 40.069664523297774\n ],\n [\n -97.18505859374999,\n 44.449467536006935\n ],\n [\n -95.44921875,\n 44.449467536006935\n ],\n [\n -95.44921875,\n 43.992814500489914\n ],\n [\n -89.923095703125,\n 43.8899753738369\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4886e4b07f02db519754","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eash, David A. 0000-0002-2749-8959 daeash@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2749-8959","contributorId":1887,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eash","given":"David","email":"daeash@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":204264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":30941,"text":"wri014155 - 2001 - Evaluation of the streamflow-gaging network of Texas and a proposed core network","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-12T12:42:39","indexId":"wri014155","displayToPublicDate":"2001-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-4155","title":"Evaluation of the streamflow-gaging network of Texas and a proposed core network","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey streamflowgaging\r\nnetwork in Texas is operated as part of the\r\nNational Streamgaging Program and is jointly\r\nfunded by the Geological Survey and Federal,\r\nState, and local agencies. This report documents an\r\nevaluation of the existing (as of October 1, 1999)\r\nnetwork with regard to four major objectives of\r\nstreamflow data; and on the basis of that evaluation,\r\nproposes a core network of streamflowgaging\r\nstations that best meets those objectives.\r\nThe objectives are (1) regionalization (estimate\r\nflows or flow characteristics at ungaged sites in\r\n11 hydrologically similar regions), (2) major flow\r\n(obtain flow rates and volumes in large streams),\r\n(3) outflow from the State (account for streamflow\r\nleaving the State), and (4) streamflow conditions\r\nassessment (assess current conditions with regard\r\nto long-term data, and define temporal trends in\r\nflow). The network analysis resulted in a proposed\r\ncore network of 263 stations. Of those 263 stations,\r\n43 were discontinued as of October 1, 1999, and\r\n15 were partial-record stations. Fifty-five of the\r\nproposed core-network stations meet two of the\r\nfour major objectives, 16 stations meet three objectives,\r\nand 1 station meets all four. One-hundred\r\neighty-five stations with a median record length of\r\n33 years were selected to meet the regionalization\r\nobjective. Ninety-two stations with a median\r\nrecord length of about 62 years were selected to\r\nmeet the major-flow objective. Twenty-six stations\r\nwith a median record length of 59 years were\r\nselected to meet the outflow from the State objective.\r\nFifty stations with a median record length of\r\n53 years were selected to meet the streamflow conditions\r\nassessment objective.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri014155","collaboration":"In cooperation with the Texas Water Development Board","usgsCitation":"Slade, R.M., Howard, T., and Anaya, R., 2001, Evaluation of the streamflow-gaging network of Texas and a proposed core network: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4155, HTML Document; Report: iv, 40 p.; Plate: 26 x 26 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri014155.","productDescription":"HTML Document; Report: iv, 40 p.; Plate: 26 x 26 inches","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":161320,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri014155.JPG"},{"id":2911,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri014155/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":333089,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri014155/pdf/01-4155.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.64 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":333090,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri014155/pdf/01-4155_plate.pdf","text":"Plate 1","size":"7.48 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Plate 1"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5f9fe9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Slade, Raymond M. Jr.","contributorId":46487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slade","given":"Raymond","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Howard, Teresa","contributorId":65516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howard","given":"Teresa","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anaya, Roberto","contributorId":10827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anaya","given":"Roberto","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70207752,"text":"70207752 - 2001 - The importance of propagule establishment and physical factors in mangrove distributional patterns in a Costa Rican estuary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-09T12:46:16","indexId":"70207752","displayToPublicDate":"2001-09-26T12:40:15","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":861,"text":"Aquatic Botany","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The importance of propagule establishment and physical factors in mangrove distributional patterns in a Costa Rican estuary","docAbstract":"Establishment of Laguncularia racemosa, Avicennia germinans, and A. bicolor was measured along intertidal gradients (mud bank (MB), lower intertidal (LI), and upper intertidal (UI)) on point bars and islands in a Costa Rican tropical estuary. Successful establishment showed the following order — Laguncularia: LI (73%)>MB (52%)>UI (18%), with UI significantly lower than LI and MB; Avicennia spp.: LI (66%)>UI (51%)>MB (29%), with LI significantly higher than MB. Establishment of Laguncularia in UI was significantly lower than Avicennia spp. due to selective crab herbivory. After 25 days, 52% of Laguncularia propagules were eaten compared to 5% for Avicennia spp. Total mortality of Laguncularia propagules and seedlings was significantly higher than that of Avicennia spp. in all three zones.
The hydrological regime affected propagule establishment under controlled mesocosm conditions. Four hydrological treatments included flooded according to tidal cycle (FT), no flooding (NF), continuous flooding (F), and flooded according to tidal cycle with propagules additionally buried (FTB). Laguncularia establishment under NF (93%) and F (84%) was significantly greater than under FT (63%). A. germinans establishment under NF (97%) was greater than under FT (69%). Laguncularia showed significantly higher establishment than A. germinans under F conditions. Laguncularia propagules sank soon after their radicles protruded (5–8 days), and subsequently established under water. A. germinans propagules floated during the 25-day experiment and never established. Propagule establishment under FTB was greater for Laguncularia than for Avicennia (11 and 1%, respectively). Height increase of established Laguncularia seedlings was significantly different among treatments: FT (5.2 mm per day)>NF (3.4 mm per day)>F (2.4 mm per day). Growth of established A. germinans seedlings did not differ between FT (4.8 mm per day) and NF (5.0 mm per day), but it was significantly higher than Laguncularia under NF.
These results show that both genera can successfully establish on the lower intertidal zone when artificially retained. However, propagule buoyancy, availability, dispersal, and the effect of water movement on propagule anchoring limit Avicennia spp. establishment in this regularly flooded environment. In the upper intertidal zone, however, differential predation on Laguncularia propagules favors Avicennia spp. establishment and dominance.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0304-3770(01)00188-7","usgsCitation":"Delgado, P., Hensel, P., and Day, J., 2001, The importance of propagule establishment and physical factors in mangrove distributional patterns in a Costa Rican estuary: Aquatic Botany, v. 71, no. 3, p. 157-178, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3770(01)00188-7.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"157","endPage":"178","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":371111,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Costa Rica ","otherGeospatial":"Bebedero River, Gulf of Nicoya, Tempisque River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -85.4571533203125,\n 9.54929188384387\n ],\n [\n -84.5672607421875,\n 9.54929188384387\n ],\n [\n -84.5672607421875,\n 10.33383406820594\n ],\n [\n -85.4571533203125,\n 10.33383406820594\n ],\n [\n -85.4571533203125,\n 9.54929188384387\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"71","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Delgado, P.","contributorId":221620,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Delgado","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hensel, P.F.","contributorId":11727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hensel","given":"P.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Day, J.W.","contributorId":27417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day","given":"J.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70214409,"text":"70214409 - 2001 - Frequently co‐occurring pesticides and volatile organic compounds in public supply and monitoring wells, southern New Jersey, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-25T18:57:39.20074","indexId":"70214409","displayToPublicDate":"2001-09-25T13:46:10","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Frequently co‐occurring pesticides and volatile organic compounds in public supply and monitoring wells, southern New Jersey, USA","docAbstract":"One or more pesticides were detected with one or more volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in more than 95% of samples collected from 30 public supply and 95 monitoring wells screened in the unconsolidated surficial aquifer system of southern New Jersey, USA. Overall, more than 140,000 and more than 3,000 unique combinations of pesticides with VOCs were detected in two or more samples from the supply and monitoring wells, respectively. More than 400 of these combinations were detected in 20% or more of the samples from the supply wells, whereas only 17 were detected in 20% or more of the samples from the monitoring wells. Although many constituent combinations detected in water from the supply and monitoring wells are similar, differences in constituent combinations also were found and can be attributed, in part, to differences in the characteristics of these two well types. The monitoring wells sampled during this study yield water that typically was recharged beneath a single land‐use setting during a recent, discrete time interval and that flowed along relatively short paths to the wells. Public supply wells, in contrast, yield large volumes of water and typically have contributing areas that are orders of magnitude larger than those of the monitoring wells. These large contributing areas generally encompass multiple land uses; moreover, because flow paths that originate in these areas vary in length, these wells typically yield water that was recharged over a large temporal interval. Water withdrawn from public supply wells, therefore, contains a mixture of waters of different ages that were recharged beneath various land‐use settings. Because public supply wells intercept water flowing along longer paths with longer residence times and integrate waters from a larger source area than those associated with monitoring wells, they are more likely to yield water that contains constituents that were used in greater quantities in the past, that were introduced from point sources, and/or that are derived from the degradation of parent compounds along extended flow paths.
The Neversink Watershed Study was initiated in 1991 to develop an understanding of the key natural processes that control water quality within the forested, 166 km 2 (64 mi 2), Neversink River watershed; part of the New York City drinking water supply system, in the Catskill Mountain region of New York. The study entailed (1) hydrological investigations of water movement from the atmosphere to streams, (2) biogeochemical investigations of nitrogen and calcium, important nutrients in forest and aquatic ecosystems whose availability has been altered by acidic deposition, (3) an investigation of elevational patterns in atmospheric deposition, and (4) fisheries investigations to determine the relative importance of physical habitat and acidic deposition in controlling the abundance and diversity of fish species in the watershed. This report summarizes the results of these investigations, which have also been presented, in detail, in peer-reviewed technical articles and reports that are cited throughout the text.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri004040","collaboration":" Prepared in cooperation with the New York City Department of Environmental Protection","usgsCitation":"Lawrence, G.B., Burns, D.A., Baldigo, B., Murdoch, P., and Lovett, G., 2001, Controls of stream chemistry and fish populations in the Neversink watershed, Catskill Mountains, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2000-4040, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri004040.","productDescription":"15 p.","onlineOnly":"N","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323948,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2000/4040/wri20004040.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.41 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRI 2000-4040"},{"id":156147,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2000/4040/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Catskill Mountains","contact":"Director, New York Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
425 Jordan Rd
Troy, NY 12180
(518) 285-5695
http://ny.water.usgs.gov/