A comprehensive set of soil characteristics were examined to determine the effect of soil on the transport of agrichemicals to groundwater. This paper examines the relation of soil characteristics to concentrations and occurrence nitrate, atrazine, and atrazine residue from 99 wells completed in unconsolidated aquifers across the Midwestern United States. Soil characteristics that determine the rate of water movement were directly related to the occurrence and concentrations of nitrate and atrazine in groundwater. The substantial differences in the relations found among soil characteristics and nitrate and atrazine in groundwater suggest that different processes affect the transformation, adsorption, and transport of these contaminants. A multi-variable analysis determined that the soil characteristics examined explained the amount of variability in concentrations for nitrate (19%), atrazine (33%), and atrazine residue (29%). These results document that, although soils do affect the transport of agrichemicals to groundwater, other factors such as hydrology, land use, and climate must also be considered to understand the occurrence of agrichemicals in groundwater.
","language":"English","publisher":"IWA","doi":"10.2166/wst.2001.0298","usgsCitation":"Burkart, M., Kolpin, D., Jaquis, R., and Cole, K., 2001, Soil characteristics and agrichemicals in groundwater of the Midwestern United States: Water Science and Technology, v. 43, no. 5, p. 251-260, https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2001.0298.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"251","endPage":"260","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":316663,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"43","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56b9ca90e4b08d617f63a86d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burkart, M.","contributorId":88902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burkart","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kolpin, D.W.","contributorId":87565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolpin","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jaquis, R.J.","contributorId":26835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaquis","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cole, K.","contributorId":52521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cole","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":38273,"text":"pp1636 - 2001 - Numerical-simulation and conjunctive-management models of the Hunt-Annaquatucket-Pettaquamscutt stream-aquifer system, Rhode Island","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-04T20:31:55.742573","indexId":"pp1636","displayToPublicDate":"2001-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1636","title":"Numerical-simulation and conjunctive-management models of the Hunt-Annaquatucket-Pettaquamscutt stream-aquifer system, Rhode Island","docAbstract":"Numerical-simulation and optimization techniques were used to evaluate alternatives for the conjunctive management of ground- and surface-water resources of the Hunt-Annaquatucket-Pettaquamscutt stream-aquifer system in central Rhode Island. Ground-water withdrawals from the Hunt-Annaquatucket-Pettaquamscutt aquifer exceeded 8 million gallons per day during months of peak water use during 199398, and additional withdrawals have been proposed to meet growing demands from within and outside of the system boundary. The system is defined by the Hunt-Annaquatucket-Pettaquamscutt aquifer, which is composed of glacial stratified deposits, and the network of rivers, brooks, and ponds that overlie and are in hydraulic connection with the aquifer. Nearly all of the water withdrawn, however, is derived from depletions of flow in the rivers, brooks, and ponds that overlie the aquifer. Streamflow depletions are of concern to environmental agencies because of the adverse effects that reductions in streamflow can have on aquatic and riparian ecosystems.
A conjunctive-management model of the stream-aquifer system was developed to simultaneously address the water-demand and streamflow-depletion issues. The objective of the model was to maximize total ground-water withdrawal from the aquifer during July, August, and September. These three months are generally the time of year when water-supply demands are largest and streamflows are simultaneously lowest. Total withdrawal from the aquifer was limited by a set of constraints specified in the model. These constraints were (1) maximum rates of streamflow depletion in the Hunt, Annaquatucket, and Pettaquamscutt Rivers; (2) minimum monthly water demands of each of three water-supply systems that withdraw water from the aquifer; and (3) minimum and maximum withdrawal rates at each supply well.
The conjunctive-management model was formulated mathematically as a linear program. The model was solved by a response-matrix technique that incorporates the results of transient, numerical simulation of the stream-aquifer system into the constraint set of the linear program. The basis of the technique was the assumption that streamflow-depletion rates in each river were a linear function of ground-water-withdrawal rates at each well. This assumption was shown to be valid for the conditions evaluated in this study, primarily because of the very high transmissivity of the aquifer near many of the wells pumped for water supply. A transient, numerical model of the system was developed to simulate an average annual cycle of monthly withdrawal and hydrologic conditions representative of the 56-year period 194196. The transient model was used to generate characteristic streamflow-depletion responses in each river to simulated withdrawals at each well; these characteristic responses, or response coefficients, were then incorporated directly into the streamflow-depletion constraints of the linear program.
Four sets of applications of the conjunctive-management model were made to determine whether total ground-water withdrawal from the aquifer during July, August, and September could be increased over the current total withdrawal for alternative definitions of the maximum rates of streamflow depletion allowed in the Hunt, Annaquatucket, and Pettaquamscutt Rivers. Current conditions were defined as the average monthly withdrawal rates at each supply well, water demands of each of the three water-supply systems, and estimated streamflow-depletion rates during the 6-year period 199398. Total withdrawal from all wells in the system from July through September during 199398 was 506.5 million gallons. Estimated streamflow-depletion rates for 199398 were calculated by use of the transient model, with the 199398 average monthly withdrawal rates specified at each supply well. Streamflow-depletion rates calculated for July, August, and September averaged 25 percent of the model-calculated pre-withdrawal streamflow rates for the Hunt River, 19 percent for the Annaquatucket River, and 7 percent for the Pettaquamscutt River.
The first set of applications of the model were made with the current estimated rates of streamflow depletion in the Hunt, Annaquatucket, and Pettaquamscutt Rivers. Results of these applications indicated that total withdrawal from the aquifer during July, August, and September could be increased from about 8 to 18 percent (from 546.0 to 596.3 million gallons) over the current total withdrawal. The increased withdrawal would require modifications to the current annual withdrawal schedule of each supply well and, for the 18-percent increase, a modified network of supply wells that would include two new wells in the Annaquatucket River Basin. A second set of model applications then was made to determine if current estimated rates of streamflow depletion in the Hunt River could be reduced without increasing current estimated rates of streamflow depletion in the Annaquatucket or Pettaquamscutt Rivers. Decreases in the current rates of streamflow depletion in the Hunt River would result in increased streamflow in the river during these three months. Results showed that current rates of streamflow depletion in the Hunt River during July, August, and September could be decreased from 5 to 15 percent, depending on whether the existing or modified well network was used.
Subsequent model applications indicated that substantial increases in total ground-water withdrawal from the aquifer are possible, but would require increased rates of streamflow depletion in the Annaquatucket and Pettaquamscutt Rivers. Maximum increases in the July through September withdrawal from the aquifer of about 39 to 50 percent (from 705.1 to 760.3 million gallons) over the current total withdrawal were calculated when streamflow-depletion rates in the Annaquatucket and Pettaquamscutt Rivers were allowed to increase from current estimated rates to a maximum of 25 percent of the model-calculated pre-withdrawal streamflow for each river during July, August, and September. Alternatively, it was shown that current estimated rates of streamflow depletion in the Hunt River during July, August, and September could be reduced by as much as 35 percent for the maximum allowed increases in streamflow depletion in the Annaquatucket and Pettaquamscutt Rivers; maximum increased withdrawal from the aquifer, however, would range from 8 to 18 percent over the current total withdrawal for the 35-percent reduction in streamflow-depletion rates in the Hunt River.
Results of the different applications of the model demonstrate the usefulness of coupling numerical-simulation and optimization techniques for regional-scale evaluation of water-resource management alternatives. The results of the evaluation must be viewed, however, within the limitations of the quality of data available for the Hunt-Annaquatucket-Pettaquamscutt stream-aquifer system and representation of the system by a simulation model. An additional limitation of the analysis was the use of an average annual cycle of monthly withdrawal and hydrologic conditions. Ground-water withdrawal strategies may need to be modified to meet streamflow-depletion constraints during extreme hydrologic events, such as droughts.
Contributing areas and sources of water to the supply wells also were delineated by use of a steady-state model of the stream-aquifer system. The model was developed to simulate long-term-average ground-water flow and ground-water/ surface-water interactions in the system during the 56-year period 194196. Sources of water to the wells consisted of precipitation and wastewater recharge to the aquifer, streamflow leakage from natural stream-channel losses, streamflow leakage caused by induced infiltration, and lateral ground-water inflow from till and bedrock upland areas.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp1636","usgsCitation":"Barlow, P.M., and Dickerman, D.C., 2001, Numerical-simulation and conjunctive-management models of the Hunt-Annaquatucket-Pettaquamscutt stream-aquifer system, Rhode Island: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1636, Report: vi, 88 p.; 1 Plate: 8.00 x 10.74 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1636.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 88 p.; 1 Plate: 8.00 x 10.74 inches","costCenters":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":411376,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_37347.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":162711,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3502,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/pp1636/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Rhode Island","otherGeospatial":"Hunt-Annaquatucket-Pettaquamscutt stream-aquifer system","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -71.53278939505572,\n 41.672256551048775\n ],\n [\n -71.53278939505572,\n 41.46679169393127\n ],\n [\n -71.42248696957856,\n 41.46679169393127\n ],\n [\n -71.42248696957856,\n 41.672256551048775\n ],\n [\n -71.53278939505572,\n 41.672256551048775\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afce4b07f02db696840","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barlow, Paul M. 0000-0003-4247-6456 pbarlow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4247-6456","contributorId":1200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barlow","given":"Paul","email":"pbarlow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":219481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dickerman, David C.","contributorId":41047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dickerman","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":4916,"text":"twri03B8 - 2001 - System and boundary conceptualization in ground-water flow simulation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:43","indexId":"twri03B8","displayToPublicDate":"2001-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":336,"text":"Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations","code":"TWRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"03-B8","title":"System and boundary conceptualization in ground-water flow simulation","docAbstract":"Ground-water models attempt to represent an actual ground-water system with a mathematical counterpart. The conceptualization of how and where water originates in the ground-water-flow system and how and where it leaves the system is critical to the development of an accurate model. The mathematical representation of these boundaries in the model is important because many hydrologic boundary conditions can be mathematically represented in more than one way. The determination of which mathematical representation of a boundary condition is best usually is dependent upon the objectives of the study. This report focuses on the specific aspect of describing different ways to simulate, in a numerical model, the physical features that act as hydrologic boundaries in an actual ground-water system. The ramifications, benefits, and limitations of each approach are enumerated, and descriptions of the representation of boundaries in models for Long Island, New York, and the Middle Rio Grande Basin, New Mexico, illustrate the application of some of the methods.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/twri03B8","usgsCitation":"Reilly, T.E., 2001, System and boundary conceptualization in ground-water flow simulation: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations 03-B8, USGS-TWRI book 3, chap. B8. 29 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/twri03B8.","productDescription":"USGS-TWRI book 3, chap. B8. 29 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":139603,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":685,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/twri/twri-3_B8/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adfe4b07f02db687c63","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reilly, T. E.","contributorId":79460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reilly","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70185671,"text":"70185671 - 2001 - Model coupling intraparticle diffusion/sorption, nonlinear sorption, and biodegradation processes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-27T13:01:53","indexId":"70185671","displayToPublicDate":"2001-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2233,"text":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Model coupling intraparticle diffusion/sorption, nonlinear sorption, and biodegradation processes","docAbstract":"Diffusion, sorption and biodegradation are key processes impacting the efficiency of natural attenuation. While each process has been studied individually, limited information exists on the kinetic coupling of these processes. In this paper, a model is presented that couples nonlinear and nonequilibrium sorption (intraparticle diffusion) with biodegradation kinetics. Initially, these processes are studied independently (i.e., intraparticle diffusion, nonlinear sorption and biodegradation), with appropriate parameters determined from these independent studies. Then, the coupled processes are studied, with an initial data set used to determine biodegradation constants that were subsequently used to successfully predict the behavior of a second data set. The validated model is then used to conduct a sensitivity analysis, which reveals conditions where biodegradation becomes desorption rate-limited. If the chemical is not pre-equilibrated with the soil prior to the onset of biodegradation, then fast sorption will reduce aqueous concentrations and thus biodegradation rates. Another sensitivity analysis demonstrates the importance of including nonlinear sorption in a coupled diffusion/sorption and biodegradation model. While predictions based on linear sorption isotherms agree well with solution concentrations, for the conditions evaluated this approach overestimates the percentage of contaminant biodegraded by as much as 50%. This research demonstrates that nonlinear sorption should be coupled with diffusion/sorption and biodegradation models in order to accurately predict bioremediation and natural attenuation processes. To our knowledge this study is unique in studying nonlinear sorption coupled with intraparticle diffusion and biodegradation kinetics with natural media.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0169-7722(00)00179-0","usgsCitation":"Karapanagioti, H.K., Gossard, C.M., Strevett, K.A., Kolar, R.L., and Sabatini, D.A., 2001, Model coupling intraparticle diffusion/sorption, nonlinear sorption, and biodegradation processes: Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, v. 48, no. 1-2, p. 1-21, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7722(00)00179-0.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"21","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338378,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58da2539e4b0543bf7fda84b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Karapanagioti, Hrissi K.","contributorId":189380,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Karapanagioti","given":"Hrissi","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gossard, Chris M.","contributorId":189867,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gossard","given":"Chris","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Strevett, Keith A.","contributorId":189868,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Strevett","given":"Keith","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kolar, Randall L.","contributorId":189869,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kolar","given":"Randall","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sabatini, David A.","contributorId":189382,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sabatini","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70073530,"text":"70073530 - 2001 - Evolution of the conceptual model of unsaturated zone hydrology at Yucca Mountain, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-17T14:06:21","indexId":"70073530","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T14:02:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evolution of the conceptual model of unsaturated zone hydrology at Yucca Mountain, Nevada","docAbstract":"Yucca Mountain is an arid site proposed for consideration as the United States’ first underground high-level radioactive waste repository. Low rainfall (approximately 170 mm/yr) and a thick unsaturated zone (500–1000 m) are important physical attributes of the site because the quantity of water likely to reach the waste and the paths and rates of movement of the water to the saturated zone under future climates would be major factors in controlling the concentrations and times of arrival of radionuclides at the surrounding accessible environment. The framework for understanding the hydrologic processes that occur at this site and that control how quickly water will penetrate through the unsaturated zone to the water table has evolved during the past 15 yr. Early conceptual models assumed that very small volumes of water infiltrated into the bedrock (0.5–4.5 mm/yr, or 2–3 percent of rainfall), that much of the infiltrated water flowed laterally within the upper nonwelded units because of capillary barrier effects, and that the remaining water flowed down faults with a small amount flowing through the matrix of the lower welded, fractured rocks. It was believed that the matrix had to be saturated for fractures to flow. However, accumulating evidence indicated that infiltration rates were higher than initially estimated, such as infiltration modeling based on neutron borehole data, bomb-pulse isotopes deep in the mountain, perched water analyses and thermal analyses. Mechanisms supporting lateral diversion did not apply at these higher fluxes, and the flux calculated in the lower welded unit exceeded the conductivity of the matrix, implying vertical flow of water in the high permeability fractures of the potential repository host rock, and disequilibrium between matrix and fracture water potentials. The development of numerical modeling methods and parameter values evolved concurrently with the conceptual model in order to account for the observed field data, particularly fracture flow deep in the unsaturated zone. This paper presents the history of the evolution of conceptual models of hydrology and numerical models of unsaturated zone flow at Yucca Mountain, Nevada (Flint, A.L., Flint, L.E., Kwicklis, E.M., Bodvarsson, G.S., Fabryka-Martin, J.M., 2001. Hydrology of Yucca Mountain. Reviews of Geophysics in press). This retrospective is the basis for recommendations for optimizing the efficiency with which a viable and robust conceptual model can be developed for a complex site.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hydrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0022-1694(01)00358-4","usgsCitation":"Flint, A.L., Flint, L.E., Bodvarsson, G.S., Kwicklis, E.M., and Fabryka-Martin, J., 2001, Evolution of the conceptual model of unsaturated zone hydrology at Yucca Mountain, Nevada: Journal of Hydrology, v. 247, no. 1-2, p. 1-30, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1694(01)00358-4.","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"30","numberOfPages":"30","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281253,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":281252,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1694(01)00358-4"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Yucca Mountain","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.2379,35.4976 ], [ -117.2379,37.501 ], [ -115.4938,37.501 ], [ -115.4938,35.4976 ], [ -117.2379,35.4976 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"247","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd58abe4b0b290850f83e4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flint, Alan L. 0000-0002-5118-751X aflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5118-751X","contributorId":1492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Alan","email":"aflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":488897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Flint, Lorraine E. 0000-0002-7868-441X lflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7868-441X","contributorId":1184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Lorraine","email":"lflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":488896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S.","contributorId":36851,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bodvarsson","given":"Gudmundur","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kwicklis, Edward M.","contributorId":25970,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kwicklis","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fabryka-Martin, June","contributorId":6760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fabryka-Martin","given":"June","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70074097,"text":"70074097 - 2001 - Paleohydrologic record of spring deposits in and around Pleistocene pluvial Lake Tecopa, southeastern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-27T13:29:19","indexId":"70074097","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T13:21:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1723,"text":"GSA Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Paleohydrologic record of spring deposits in and around Pleistocene pluvial Lake Tecopa, southeastern California","docAbstract":"Tufa (spring) deposits in the Tecopa basin, California, reflect the response of arid groundwater regimes to wet climate episodes. Two types of tufa are represented, informally defined as (1) an easily disaggregated, fine-grained mixture of calcite and quartz (friable tufa) in the southwest Tecopa Valley, and (2) hard, vuggy micrite, laminated carbonate, and carbonate-cemented sands and gravels (indurated tufa) along the eastern margin of Lake Tecopa. High δ18OVSMOW (Vienna standard mean ocean water) water values, field relations, and the texture of friable tufa suggest rapid nucleation of calcite as subaqueous, fault- controlled groundwater discharge mixed with high-pH, hypersaline lake water. Variations between δ18OVSMOW and δ13CPDB (Peedee belemnite) values relative to other closed basin lakes such as the Great Salt Lake and Lake Lahontan suggest similarities in climatic and hydrologic settings. Indurated tufa, also fault controlled, formed mounds and associated feeder systems as well as stratabound carbonate-cemented ledges. Both deposits represent discharge of deeply circulated, high total dissolved solids, and high pCO2 regional groundwater with kinetic enrichments of as much as several per mil for δ18OVSMOW values.\n\nField relations show that indurated tufa represents episodic discharge, and U-series ages imply that discharge was correlated with cold, wet climate episodes. In response to both the breaching of the Tecopa basin and a modern arid climate, most discharge has changed from fault-controlled locations near basin margins to topographic lows of the Amargosa River drainage at elevations 30–130 m lower. Because of episodic climate change, spring flows may have relocated from basin margin to basin center multiple times.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"GSA Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(2001)113<0659:PROSDI>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Nelson, S.T., Karlsson, H.R., Paces, J.B., Tingey, D.G., Ward, S., and Peters, M.T., 2001, Paleohydrologic record of spring deposits in and around Pleistocene pluvial Lake Tecopa, southeastern California: GSA Bulletin, v. 113, no. 5, p. 659-670, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(2001)113<0659:PROSDI>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"659","endPage":"670","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281581,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":281580,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(2001)113<0659:PROSDI>2.0.CO;2"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Tecopa","otherGeospatial":"Lake Tecopa","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -116.286772,35.793291 ], [ -116.286772,35.899551 ], [ -116.10947,35.899551 ], [ -116.10947,35.793291 ], [ -116.286772,35.793291 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"113","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd6a7ce4b0b290851034a1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, Stephen T.","contributorId":32078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Karlsson, Haraldur R.","contributorId":80180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karlsson","given":"Haraldur","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Paces, James B. 0000-0002-9809-8493 jbpaces@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9809-8493","contributorId":2514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paces","given":"James","email":"jbpaces@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tingey, David G.","contributorId":67406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tingey","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ward, Stephen","contributorId":44072,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"Stephen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Peters, Mark T.","contributorId":22243,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peters","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70073357,"text":"70073357 - 2001 - Fractionation of Fe isotopes by soil microbes and organic acids","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-03T09:52:34","indexId":"70073357","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T13:10:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fractionation of Fe isotopes by soil microbes and organic acids","docAbstract":"Small natural variations in Fe isotopes have been attributed to biological cycling. However, without understanding the mechanism of fractionation, it is impossible to interpret such variations. Here we show that the δ56Fe of Fe dissolved from a silicate soil mineral by siderophore-producing bacteria is as much as 0.8% lighter than bulk Fe in the mineral. A smaller isotopic shift is observed for Fe released abiotically by two chelates, and the magnitude of the shift increases with affinity of the ligand for Fe, consistent with a kinetic isotope effect during hydrolysis of Fe at the mineral surface. Fe dissolved abiotically without chelates shows no isotopic shift. The δ56Fe of the exchange fraction on soil grains is also lighter by ~0.6%-1% than Fe from both hornblende and iron oxyhydroxides. The kinetic isotope effect is therefore preserved in open systems such as soils. when recorded in the rock record, Fe isotopic fractionation could document Fe transport by organic molecules or by microbes where such entities were present in the geologic past.","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0091-7613(2001)029<0535:FOFIBS>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Brantley, S., Liermann, L., and Bullen, T.D., 2001, Fractionation of Fe isotopes by soil microbes and organic acids: Geology, v. 29, no. 6, p. 535-538, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(2001)029<0535:FOFIBS>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"535","endPage":"538","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281190,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(2001)029<0535:FOFIBS>2.0.CO;2"},{"id":281191,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd5a40e4b0b290850f93aa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brantley, Susan L.","contributorId":38461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brantley","given":"Susan L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Liermann, Laura","contributorId":98632,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liermann","given":"Laura","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bullen, Thomas D. 0000-0003-2281-1691 tdbullen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2281-1691","contributorId":1969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bullen","given":"Thomas","email":"tdbullen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":488631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70100286,"text":"70100286 - 2001 - Processes controlling the episodic streamwater transport of atrazine and other agrichemicals in an agricultural watershed","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-31T13:07:25","indexId":"70100286","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T13:03:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Processes controlling the episodic streamwater transport of atrazine and other agrichemicals in an agricultural watershed","docAbstract":"Episodic streamwater transport of atrazine (a common agricultural herbicide) and nutrients has been observed throughout agricultural watersheds in the United States and poses a serious threat to the quality of its water resources. Catchment-scale atrazine and nutrient transport processes after agricultural application are still poorly understood, and predicting episodic streamwater composition remains an elusive goal. We instrumented a 1.2-km2 agricultural catchment near Harrisonburg, Virginia, and examined streamwater, overland flow, soil water, groundwater, and rainfall during the summer of 1998. Storm chemographs demonstrated different patterns for constituents derived primarily from weathering (silica and calcium), compared to constituents derived primarily from early spring land applications (nitrate, atrazine, DOC, potassium, chloride, and sulfate). During storms, the concentrations of silica and calcium decreased, the atrazine response was variable, and the concentrations of nitrate, DOC, potassium, chloride, and sulfate increased; the elevated nitrate signal lagged several hours behind the other elevated constituents. Graphical and statistical analyses indicated a relatively stable spring-fed baseflow was modified by a mixture of overland flow and soil water. A rapid, short-duration overland-flow pulse dominated the streamflow early in the event and contributed most of the potassium, DOC, chloride, suspended sediment, and atrazine. A longer-duration soil–water pulse dominated the streamflow later in the event and contributed the nitrate as well as additional potassium, DOC, sulfate, and atrazine. The contributions to the episodic streamflow were quantified using a flushing model in which overland-flow and soil–water concentrations decreased exponentially with time during an episode. Flushing time constants for the overland-flow and soil–water reservoirs were calculated on a storm-by-storm basis using separate tracers for each time-variable reservoir. Initial component concentrations were estimated through regression analyses. Mass-balance calculations were used for flow separations and to predict the observed streamwater composition. Model forecasts indicated that reduced fertilizer and pesticide application (rather than elimination of overland-flow or soil–water contributions) was necessary to improve the episodic streamwater composition. This study provides important additional understanding of the catchment-scale processes by which land-applied pesticides and nutrients can move through agricultural systems.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hydrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0022-1694(01)00497-8","usgsCitation":"Hyer, K., Hornberger, G., and Herman, J.S., 2001, Processes controlling the episodic streamwater transport of atrazine and other agrichemicals in an agricultural watershed: Journal of Hydrology, v. 254, no. 1-4, p. 47-66, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1694(01)00497-8.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"47","endPage":"66","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":285152,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":285151,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1694(01)00497-8"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Muddy Creek","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -78.8909,38.2642 ], [ -78.8909,38.6171 ], [ -78.2909,38.6171 ], [ -78.2909,38.2642 ], [ -78.8909,38.2642 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"254","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5355952de4b0120853e8c167","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hyer, Kenneth kenhyer@usgs.gov","contributorId":2701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hyer","given":"Kenneth","email":"kenhyer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":492160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hornberger, George M.","contributorId":63894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hornberger","given":"George M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Herman, Janet S.","contributorId":62138,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herman","given":"Janet","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70073923,"text":"70073923 - 2001 - Occurrence of Coliform bacteria in a karst aquifer, Berkeley County, West Virginia, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-24T11:05:44","indexId":"70073923","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T11:01:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"title":"Occurrence of Coliform bacteria in a karst aquifer, Berkeley County, West Virginia, USA","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","largerWorkTitle":"Geotechnical and Environmental Applications of Karst Geology and Hydrology: Proceedings of the Eighth Multidisciplinary Conference on Sinkholes and the Engineering and Environmental Impacts of Karsts, Louisville, Kentucky, 1-4 April 2001","conferenceTitle":"Eighth Multidisciplinary Conference on Sinkholes and the Engineering and Environmental Impacts of Karsts","conferenceDate":"2001-04-01T00:00:00","conferenceLocation":"Louisville, Kentucky","language":"English","publisher":"Balkema","isbn":"9058091902","usgsCitation":"Kozar, M., and Mathes, M., 2001, Occurrence of Coliform bacteria in a karst aquifer, Berkeley County, West Virginia, USA, p. 217-221.","productDescription":"p. 217-221","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":281478,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"West Virginia","county":"Berkeley County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -78.229912,39.264403 ], [ -78.229912,39.622517 ], [ -77.823422,39.622517 ], [ -77.823422,39.264403 ], [ -78.229912,39.264403 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd69b3e4b0b29085102c89","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kozar, M.D.","contributorId":67544,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kozar","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mathes, M.V.","contributorId":44916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mathes","given":"M.V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70198718,"text":"70198718 - 2001 - Bacterial respiration of arsenate and its significance in the environment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-15T10:49:41","indexId":"70198718","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T10:46:38","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Bacterial respiration of arsenate and its significance in the environment","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental chemistry of arsenic","language":"English","publisher":"Marcel Dekker","publisherLocation":"New York","usgsCitation":"Oremland, R.S., Newman, D., Kail, B., and Stolz, J., 2001, Bacterial respiration of arsenate and its significance in the environment, chap. of Environmental chemistry of arsenic, p. 273-296.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"273","endPage":"296","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356505,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":356504,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/427f/759137d43de30d69a41481fb59379857df45.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98d469e4b0702d0e8476fe","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Frankenberger, W.T.","contributorId":207069,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Frankenberger","given":"W.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742696,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Oremland, Ronald S. 0000-0001-7382-0147 roremlan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7382-0147","contributorId":931,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oremland","given":"Ronald","email":"roremlan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Newman, Diane","contributorId":149869,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Newman","given":"Diane","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17846,"text":"Professor at CalTech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kail, B.W.","contributorId":207080,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kail","given":"B.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stolz, J.F.","contributorId":94022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stolz","given":"J.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70199473,"text":"70199473 - 2001 - Stressor interactions in ecological systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-19T10:19:34","indexId":"70199473","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T10:16:12","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Stressor interactions in ecological systems","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological variability: Separating natural from anthropogenic causes of ecosystem impairment","language":"English","publisher":"SETAC Press","publisherLocation":"Pensacola","usgsCitation":"Clements, W., Luoma, S.N., Gerritsen, J., Hatch, A., Jepson, P., Reynoldson, T.B., and Thom, R., 2001, Stressor interactions in ecological systems, chap. of Ecological variability: Separating natural from anthropogenic causes of ecosystem impairment, p. 215-233.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"215","endPage":"233","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357468,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10f694e4b034bf6a80765a","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Baird, D.J.","contributorId":113177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baird","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745519,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Clements, William","contributorId":82596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clements","given":"William","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Luoma, Samuel N. 0000-0001-5443-5091 snluoma@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5443-5091","contributorId":2287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luoma","given":"Samuel","email":"snluoma@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gerritsen, Jeroen","contributorId":80128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gerritsen","given":"Jeroen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hatch, A.","contributorId":206913,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hatch","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jepson, P.","contributorId":206914,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jepson","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Reynoldson, Trefor B.","contributorId":42177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynoldson","given":"Trefor","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Thom, R.","contributorId":207994,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thom","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70198595,"text":"70198595 - 2001 - Separating stressor influences from environmental variability: Eight case studies from aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-13T10:22:28","indexId":"70198595","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T08:58:39","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Separating stressor influences from environmental variability: Eight case studies from aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological variability: Separating natural from anthropogenic causes of ecosystem impairment","language":"English","publisher":"SETAC","publisherLocation":"Pensacola","isbn":"1-880611-4-30","usgsCitation":"Suoma, S., Clements, W., DeWitt, T., Gerritsen, J., Hatch, A., Jepson, P., Reynoldson, T.B., and Thom, R., 2001, Separating stressor influences from environmental variability: Eight case studies from aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, chap. of Ecological variability: Separating natural from anthropogenic causes of ecosystem impairment, p. 179-214.","productDescription":"36 p.","startPage":"179","endPage":"214","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356369,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98d47ee4b0702d0e847707","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Baird, D.J.","contributorId":113177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baird","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742272,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burton, G.A.","contributorId":63910,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burton","given":"G.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742273,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Suoma, S.N.","contributorId":206911,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Suoma","given":"S.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clements, W.H.","contributorId":78855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clements","given":"W.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"DeWitt, T.","contributorId":206912,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"DeWitt","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gerritsen, Jeroen","contributorId":80128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gerritsen","given":"Jeroen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hatch, A.","contributorId":206913,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hatch","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jepson, P.","contributorId":206914,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jepson","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Reynoldson, Trefor B.","contributorId":42177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynoldson","given":"Trefor","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Thom, Ron","contributorId":56555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thom","given":"Ron","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70199894,"text":"70199894 - 2001 - Biogeochemical cycles","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-03T07:57:05","indexId":"70199894","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T07:55:44","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Biogeochemical cycles","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Encyclopedia of life sciences","language":"English","publisher":"Macmillian Press","publisherLocation":"London","usgsCitation":"Ehrlich, H., Oremland, R., and Zehr, J., 2001, Biogeochemical cycles, chap. of Encyclopedia of life sciences.","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":358050,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10f6d2e4b034bf6a80765e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ehrlich, H.L.","contributorId":208425,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ehrlich","given":"H.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":747157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Oremland, Ron roremlan@usgs.gov","contributorId":145773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oremland","given":"Ron","email":"roremlan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":747158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zehr, J.P.","contributorId":106645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zehr","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":747159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70185672,"text":"70185672 - 2001 - Monitoring the effect of poplar trees on petroleum-hydrocarbon and chlorinated-solvent contaminated ground water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-03T08:37:05","indexId":"70185672","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2064,"text":"International Journal of Phytoremediation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Monitoring the effect of poplar trees on petroleum-hydrocarbon and chlorinated-solvent contaminated ground water","docAbstract":"At contaminated groundwater sites, poplar trees can be used to affect ground-water levels, flow directions, and ultimately total groundwater and contaminant flux to areas downgradient of the trees. The magnitude of the hydrologic changes can be monitored using fundamental concepts of groundwater hydrology, in addition to plant physiology-based approaches, and can be viewed as being almost independent of the contaminant released. The affect of poplar trees on the fate of groundwater contaminants, however, is contaminant dependent. Some petroleum hydrocarbons or chlorinated solvents may be mineralized or transformed to innocuous compounds by rhizospheric bacteria associated with the tree roots, mineralized or transformed by plant tissues in the transpiration stream or leaves after uptake, or passively volatilized and rapidly dispersed or oxidized in the atmosphere. These processes also can be monitored using a combination of physiological- or geochemical-based field or laboratory approaches. When combined, such hydrologic and contaminant monitoring approaches can result in a more accurate assessment of the use of poplar trees to meet regulatory goals at contaminated groundwater sites, verify that these goals continue to be met in the future, and ultimately lead to a consensus on how the performance of plant-based remedial strategies (phytoremediation) is to be assessed.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/15226510108500050","usgsCitation":"Landmeyer, J., 2001, Monitoring the effect of poplar trees on petroleum-hydrocarbon and chlorinated-solvent contaminated ground water: International Journal of Phytoremediation, v. 3, no. 1, p. 61-85, https://doi.org/10.1080/15226510108500050.","productDescription":"25 p. ","startPage":"61","endPage":"85","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338380,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58da2539e4b0543bf7fda84d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Landmeyer, James 0000-0002-5640-3816 jlandmey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5640-3816","contributorId":3257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landmeyer","given":"James","email":"jlandmey@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":686310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70185193,"text":"70185193 - 2001 - In situ spectroscopic and solution analyses of the reductive dissolution of Mn02 by Fe(II)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-03T08:40:13","indexId":"70185193","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"In situ spectroscopic and solution analyses of the reductive dissolution of Mn02 by Fe(II)","docAbstract":"The reductive dissolution of MnO2 by Fe(II) under conditions simulating acid mine drainage (pH 3, 100 mM SO42-) was investigated by utilizing a flow-through reaction cell and synchrotron X-ray absorption spectroscopy. This configuration allows collection of in situ, real-time X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectra and bulk solution samples. Analysis of the solution chemistry suggests that the reaction mechanism changed (decreased reaction rate) as MnO2 was reduced and Fe(III) precipitated, primarily as ferrihydrite. Simultaneously, we observed an additional phase, with the local structure of jacobsite (MnFe2O4), in the Mn XANES spectra of reactants and products. The X-ray absorbance of this intermediate phase increased during the experiment, implying an increase in concentration. The presence of this phase, which probably formed as a surface coating, helps to explain the reduced rate of dissolution of manganese(IV) oxide. In natural environments affected by acid mine drainage, the formation of complex intermediate solid phases on mineral surfaces undergoing reductive dissolution may likewise influence the rate of release of metals to solution.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es001356d","usgsCitation":"Villinski, J.E., O’Day, P.A., Corley, T.L., and Conklin, M.H., 2001, In situ spectroscopic and solution analyses of the reductive dissolution of Mn02 by Fe(II): Environmental Science & Technology, v. 35, no. 6, p. 1157-1163, https://doi.org/10.1021/es001356d.","productDescription":"7 p. ","startPage":"1157","endPage":"1163","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337707,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2001-02-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58cba41fe4b0849ce97dc772","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Villinski, John E.","contributorId":189392,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Villinski","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O’Day, Peggy A.","contributorId":189393,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Day","given":"Peggy","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Corley, Timothy L.","contributorId":189394,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Corley","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Conklin, Martha H.","contributorId":189395,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Conklin","given":"Martha","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70185194,"text":"70185194 - 2001 - Water sustainability -- Science or management?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-16T10:43:59","indexId":"70185194","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Water sustainability -- Science or management?","docAbstract":"No abstract available
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2001.tb02352.x","usgsCitation":"Wood, W., 2001, Water sustainability -- Science or management?: Groundwater, v. 39, no. 5, p. 641-641, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2001.tb02352.x.","productDescription":"1 p. ","startPage":"641","endPage":"641","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337709,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58cba41fe4b0849ce97dc770","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wood, Warren W.","contributorId":47770,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wood","given":"Warren W.","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":684702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70185184,"text":"70185184 - 2001 - Annual maxima in Zn concentrations during spring snowmelt in streams impacted by mine drainage","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-05T14:57:41","indexId":"70185184","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1539,"text":"Environmental Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Annual maxima in Zn concentrations during spring snowmelt in streams impacted by mine drainage","docAbstract":"Long-term hydrochemical monitoring and 2 years of intensive sampling were used to identify annual patterns in Zn export from three neighboring catchments in Summit County, Colorado. These catchments are characterized by a snowmelt-dominated hydrologic cycle, but range in the level of mining impact from little to severe. Zn concentrations increased during snowmelt along stream reaches with a history of mining, but were diluted by snowmelt where metals originated in widely disseminated pyrite in the host rock of the catchment. Inter-site differences in the relationship between Zn and sulfate, together with inter-annual variability in the timing and magnitude of peak Zn concentrations suggest that a portion of the Zn flush is retarded, perhaps through interaction with cation exchange sites in soil. Although Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC) concentrations also increase during snowmelt, there was no indication that the export of Zn was facilitated by the flush of organic carbon.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/s002540100338","usgsCitation":"Brooks, P., McKnight, D., and Bencala, K.E., 2001, Annual maxima in Zn concentrations during spring snowmelt in streams impacted by mine drainage: Environmental Geology, v. 40, no. 11, p. 1447-1454, https://doi.org/10.1007/s002540100338.","productDescription":"8 p. ","startPage":"1447","endPage":"1454","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337689,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"40","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ca52ffe4b0849ce97c8752","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brooks, P. ","contributorId":189374,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brooks","given":"P. ","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McKnight, D.","contributorId":48713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKnight","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bencala, Kenneth E. kbencala@usgs.gov","contributorId":1541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bencala","given":"Kenneth","email":"kbencala@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":778886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70023374,"text":"70023374 - 2001 - Effects of Land-Cover Change, Floods, and Stream Position on Geomorphic Processes - Implications for Restoration Activities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:10","indexId":"70023374","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Effects of Land-Cover Change, Floods, and Stream Position on Geomorphic Processes - Implications for Restoration Activities","docAbstract":"A geomorphic study for North Fish Creek, a northern Wisconsin tributary to Lake Superior was analyzed to determine the hydrologic and geomorphic changes caused by clear-cut logging and agricultural activity. Discharge magnitude estimated with HEC-2 for full-channel capacities indicate that modern full-channel discharges are about twice as large as pre-1946 full-channel discharges. Flood-plain deposition rates were high along the transitional main stem after European settlement. Restoration and protection activities would be most effective if focused on watershed practices to reduce runoff and on channel restoration that reduce buff and bank erosion in the upper and transitional main stems.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 2001 Wetlands Engineering and River Restoration Conference","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the 2001 Wetlands Engineering and River Restoration Conference","conferenceDate":"27 August 2001 through 31 August 2001","conferenceLocation":"Reno, NV","language":"English","isbn":"0784405816","usgsCitation":"Fitzpatrick, F., 2001, Effects of Land-Cover Change, Floods, and Stream Position on Geomorphic Processes - Implications for Restoration Activities, in Proceedings of the 2001 Wetlands Engineering and River Restoration Conference, Reno, NV, 27 August 2001 through 31 August 2001, p. 537-550.","startPage":"537","endPage":"550","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232441,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a065ae4b0c8380cd511f9","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Hayes D.F.Hayes D.F.","contributorId":128356,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Hayes D.F.Hayes D.F.","id":536497,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Fitzpatrick, F. 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A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70023602,"text":"70023602 - 2001 - Analysis of streambed temperatures in ephemeral channels to determine streamflow frequency and duration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-12T16:20:25.070282","indexId":"70023602","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Analysis of streambed temperatures in ephemeral channels to determine streamflow frequency and duration","docAbstract":"Spatial and temporal patterns in streamflow are rarely monitored for ephemeral streams. Flashy, erosive streamflows common in ephemeral channels create a series of operational and maintenance problems, which makes it impractical to deploy a series of gaging stations along ephemeral channels. Streambed temperature is a robust and inexpensive parameter to monitor remotely, leading to the possibility of analyzing temperature patterns to estimate streamflow frequency and duration along ephemeral channels. A simulation model was utilized to examine various atmospheric and hydrological upper boundary conditions compared with a series of hypothetical temperature‐monitoring depths within the streambed. Simulation results indicate that streamflow events were distinguished from changing atmospheric conditions with greater certainty using temperatures at shallow depths (e.g., 10–20 cm) as opposed to the streambed surface. Three ephemeral streams in the American Southwest were instrumented to monitor streambed temperature for determining the accuracy of using this approach to ascertain the long‐term temporal and spatial extent of streamflow along each stream channel. Streambed temperature data were collected at the surface or at shallow depth along each stream channel, using thermistors encased in waterproof, single‐channel data loggers tethered to anchors in the channel. On the basis of comparisons with site information, such as direct field observations and upstream flow records, diurnal temperature variations successfully detected the presence and duration of streamflow for all sites.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2000WR900271","usgsCitation":"Constantz, J., Stonestrom, D.A., Stewart, A.E., Niswonger, R., and Smith, T.R., 2001, Analysis of streambed temperatures in ephemeral channels to determine streamflow frequency and duration: Water Resources Research, v. 37, no. 2, p. 317-328, https://doi.org/10.1029/2000WR900271.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"317","endPage":"328","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487471,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2000wr900271","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":232223,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"37","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eb34e4b0c8380cd48ca7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Constantz, James E. 0000-0002-4062-2096 jconstan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4062-2096","contributorId":1962,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Constantz","given":"James E.","email":"jconstan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":398178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stonestrom, David A. 0000-0001-7883-3385 dastones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7883-3385","contributorId":2280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stonestrom","given":"David","email":"dastones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":398181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stewart, Amy E.","contributorId":22812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Niswonger, Richard G. rniswon@usgs.gov","contributorId":146549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Niswonger","given":"Richard G.","email":"rniswon@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Smith, Tyson R.","contributorId":81959,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Tyson","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70022797,"text":"70022797 - 2001 - Observations of Daily Temperature Patterns in the Southern Florida Everglades","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:04","indexId":"70022797","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Observations of Daily Temperature Patterns in the Southern Florida Everglades","docAbstract":"Temperature is an important factor affecting key hydrological and ecological processes within the subtropical wetlands of the Florida Everglades. Comprehensive measurements are being made to quantify the temporal and spatial variability of the water-temperature regime. Data collected in 2000 at a location near the central flow pathway of the ecosystem showed both daily repetitive cycles and dynamic fluctuations in response to meteorological forces. Time-series data collected at spatial intervals throughout the water column, in the air, and in the underlying plant-litter layer revealed the dynamic nature of the temperature structure, e.g., uniformly well-mixed periods, stratified conditions, inversions, changing vertical gradients, and other characteristics important to understanding ecosystem processes.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 2001 Wetlands Engineering and River Restoration Conference","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the 2001 Wetlands Engineering and River Restoration Conference","conferenceDate":"27 August 2001 through 31 August 2001","conferenceLocation":"Reno, NV","language":"English","isbn":"0784405816","usgsCitation":"Schaffranek, R., and Jenter, H., 2001, Observations of Daily Temperature Patterns in the Southern Florida Everglades, in Proceedings of the 2001 Wetlands Engineering and River Restoration Conference, Reno, NV, 27 August 2001 through 31 August 2001, p. 679-682.","startPage":"679","endPage":"682","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":233494,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6a7fe4b0c8380cd741ca","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Hayes D.F.Hayes D.F.","contributorId":128356,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Hayes D.F.Hayes D.F.","id":536485,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Schaffranek, R.W.","contributorId":61468,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaffranek","given":"R.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jenter, H. L.","contributorId":25167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenter","given":"H. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70176091,"text":"70176091 - 2001 - Online bibliographic sources in hydrology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-25T12:28:06","indexId":"70176091","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Online bibliographic sources in hydrology","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Information and the professional scientist and engineer","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Haworth Information Press","publisherLocation":"Binghamton, NY","usgsCitation":"Haworth Information Press, 2001, Online bibliographic sources in hydrology, chap. of Information and the professional scientist and engineer.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":327846,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57c016c9e4b0f2f0ceb8735b"} ,{"id":70178174,"text":"70178174 - 2001 - Assessment of selenium effects in lotic ecosystems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-04T13:02:32","indexId":"70178174","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1480,"text":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessment of selenium effects in lotic ecosystems","docAbstract":"The selenium literature has grown substantially in recent years to encompass new information in a variety of areas. Correspondingly, several different approaches to establishing a new water quality criterion for selenium have been proposed since establishment of the national water quality criterion in 1987. Diverging viewpoints and interpretations of the selenium literature have lead to opposing perspectives on issues such as establishing a national criterion based on a sediment-based model, using hydrologic units to set criteria for stream reaches, and applying lentic-derived effects to lotic environments. This Commentary presents information on the lotic verse lentic controversy. Recently, an article was published that concluded that no adverse effects were occurring in a cutthroat trout population in a coldwater river with elevated selenium concentrations (C. J. Kennedy, L. E. McDonald, R. Loveridge, and M. M. Strosher, 2000, Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 39, 46–52). This article has added to the controversy rather than provided further insight into selenium toxicology. Information, or rather missing information, in the article has been critically reviewed and problems in the interpretations are discussed.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1006/eesa.2001.2111","usgsCitation":"Hamilton, S., and Palace, V.P., 2001, Assessment of selenium effects in lotic ecosystems: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, v. 50, no. 3, p. 161-166, https://doi.org/10.1006/eesa.2001.2111.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"161","endPage":"166","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":330767,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"50","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"581d9e2ce4b0dee4cc90cbd1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hamilton, Steven J.","contributorId":174108,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hamilton","given":"Steven J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":653135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Palace, Vince P.","contributorId":176210,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Palace","given":"Vince","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":653136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70022782,"text":"70022782 - 2001 - Bioavailability of metals in stream food webs and hazards to brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) in the upper Animas River watershed, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-03T08:53:40","indexId":"70022782","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bioavailability of metals in stream food webs and hazards to brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) in the upper Animas River watershed, Colorado","docAbstract":"The water quality, habitats, and biota of streams in the upper Animas River watershed of Colorado, USA, are affected by metal contamination associated with acid drainage. We determined metal concentrations in components of the food web of the Animas River and its tributaries - periphyton (aufwuchs), benthic invertebrates, and livers of brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) - and evaluated pathways of metal exposure and hazards of metal toxicity to stream biota. Concentrations of the toxic metals cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) in periphyton, benthic invertebrates, and trout livers from one or more sites in the upper Animas River were significantly greater than those from reference sites. Periphyton from sites downstream from mixing zones of acid and neutral waters had elevated concentrations of aluminum (Al) and iron (Fe) reflecting deposition of colloidal Fe and Al oxides, and reduced algal biomass. Metal concentrations in benthic invertebrates reflected differences in feeding habits and body size among taxa, with greatest concentrations of Zn, Cu, and Cd in the small mayfly Rhithrogena, which feeds on periphyton, and greatest concentrations of Pb in the small stonefly Zapada, a detritivore. Concentrations of Zn and Pb decreased across each trophic linkage, whereas concentrations of Cu and Cd were similar across several trophic levels, suggesting that Cu and Cd were more efficiently transferred via dietary exposure. Concentrations of Cu in invertebrates and trout livers were more closely associated with impacts on trout populations and invertebrate communities than were concentrations of Zn, Cd, or Pb. Copper concentrations in livers of brook trout from the upper Animas River were substantially greater than background concentrations and approached levels associated with reduced brook trout populations in field studies and with toxic effects on other salmonids in laboratory studies. These results indicate that bioaccumulation and transfer of metals in stream food webs are significant components of metal exposure for stream biota of the upper Animas River watershed and suggest that chronic toxicity of Cu is an important factor limiting the distribution and abundance of brook trout populations in the watershed.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s002440010147","issn":"00904341","usgsCitation":"Besser, J., Brumbaugh, W.G., May, T., Church, S.E., and Kimball, B.A., 2001, Bioavailability of metals in stream food webs and hazards to brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) in the upper Animas River watershed, Colorado: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 40, no. 1, p. 48-59, https://doi.org/10.1007/s002440010147.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"48","endPage":"59","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":233825,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":208228,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002440010147"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Upper Animas River Watershed","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -109.0,37.0 ], [ -109.0,41.0 ], [ -102.0,41.0 ], [ -102.0,37.0 ], [ -109.0,37.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"40","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f13de4b0c8380cd4ab07","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Besser, J.M.","contributorId":91569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Besser","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brumbaugh, W. G.","contributorId":106441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brumbaugh","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":394887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"May, T.W.","contributorId":75878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"May","given":"T.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Church, S. E.","contributorId":58260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Church","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kimball, B. A.","contributorId":87583,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kimball","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70022968,"text":"70022968 - 2001 - Comparison of soil infiltration rates in burned and unburned mountainous watersheds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:40","indexId":"70022968","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of soil infiltration rates in burned and unburned mountainous watersheds","docAbstract":"Steady-state infiltration measurements were made at mountainous sites in New Mexico and Colorado, USA, with volcanic and granitic soils after wildfires and at comparable unburned sites. We measured infiltration in the New Mexico volcanic soils under two vegetation types, ponderosa pine and mixed conifer, and in the Colorado granitic soils under ponderosa pine vegetation. These measurements were made within high-severity burn areas using a portable infiltrometer with a 0.017 m2 infiltration area and artificial rainfall rates ranging from 97 to 440 mm h-1. Steady-state infiltration rates were less at all burned sites relative to unburned sites. The volcanic soil with ponderosa pine vegetation showed the greatest difference in infiltration rates with a ratio of steady-state infiltration rate in burned sites to unburned soils equal to 0.15. Volcanic soils with mixed conifer vegetation had a ratio (burned to unburned soils) of at most 0.38, and granitic soils with ponderosa pine vegetation had a ratio of 0.38. Steady-state infiltration rates on unburned volcanic and granitic soils with ponderosa pine vegetation are not statistically different. We present data on the particle-size distribution at all the study sites and examples of wetting patterns produced during the infiltration experiments. Published in 2001 by John Wiley and Sons, Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrological Processes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1002/hyp.380","issn":"08856087","usgsCitation":"Martin, D., and Moody, J.A., 2001, Comparison of soil infiltration rates in burned and unburned mountainous watersheds: Hydrological Processes, v. 15, no. 15, p. 2893-2903, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.380.","startPage":"2893","endPage":"2903","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208220,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.380"},{"id":233801,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"15","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2001-10-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f890e4b0c8380cd4d1aa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Martin, D.A.","contributorId":61548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":395643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moody, J. A.","contributorId":32930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moody","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":395642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}