{"pageNumber":"3403","pageRowStart":"85050","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184914,"records":[{"id":70021471,"text":"70021471 - 1999 - Evolution of Cupido and Coahuila carbonate platforms, early Cretaceous, northeastern Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-14T11:54:20","indexId":"70021471","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evolution of Cupido and Coahuila carbonate platforms, early Cretaceous, northeastern Mexico","docAbstract":"<p>The Cupido and Coahuila platforms of northeastern Mexico are part of the extensive carbonate platform system that rimmed the ancestral Gulf of Mexico during Barremian to Albian time. Exposures of Cupido and Coahuila lithofacies in several mountain ranges spanning an ∼80000 km<sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>area reveal information about platform morphology and composition, paleoenvironmental relations, and the chronology of platform evolution. New biostratigraphic data, integrated with carbon and strontium isotope stratigraphy, significantly improve chronostratigraphic relations across the region. These data substantially change previous age assignments of several formations and force a revision of the longstanding stratigraphy in the region. The revised stratigraphy and enhanced time control, combined with regional facies associations, allow the construction of cross sections, isopach maps, and time-slice paleogeographic maps that collectively document platform morphology and evolution.</p><p>The orientation of the Cupido (Barremian-Aptian) shelf margin was controlled by the emergent Coahuila basement block to the northwest. The south-facing margin is a high-energy grainstone shoal, whereas the margin facing the ancestral Gulf of Mexico to the east is a discontinuous rudist-coral reef. A broad shelf lagoon developed in the lee of the Cupido margin, where as much as 660 m of cyclic peritidal deposits accumulated. During middle to late Aptian time, a major phase of flooding forced a retrograde backstep of the Cupido platform, shifting the locus of shallow-marine sedimentation northwestward toward the Coahuila block. This diachronous flooding event records both the demise of the Cupido shelf and the consequent initiation of the Coahuila ramp.</p><p>The backstepped Coahuila ramp (Aptian-Albian) consisted of a shallow shoal margin separating an interior evaporitic lagoon from a low-energy, muddy deep ramp. More than 500 m of cyclic carbonates and evaporites accumulated in the evaporitic lagoon during early to middle Albian time. Restriction of the platform interior dissipated by middle to late Albian time with the deposition of peloidal, miliolid-rich packstones and grainstones of the Aurora Formation. The Coahuila platform was drowned during latest Albian to early Cenomanian time, and the deep-water laminites of the Cuesta del Cura Formation were deposited.</p><p>This study fills in a substantial gap in the Cretaceous paleogeography of the eastern Gulf of Mexico coast, improving regional correlations with adjacent hydrocarbon-rich platforms. The enhanced temporal relations and chronology of events recorded in the Cupido and Coahuila platforms significantly improve global correlations with coeval, economically important platforms worldwide, perhaps contributing to the determination of global versus regional controls on carbonate platform evolution during middle Cretaceous time.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"GeoScienceWorld","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1999)111<1010:EOCACC>2.3.CO;2","issn":"00167606","usgsCitation":"Lehmann, C., Osleger, D., Montanez, I.P., Sliter, W., Arnaud Vanneau, A., and Banner, J., 1999, Evolution of Cupido and Coahuila carbonate platforms, early Cretaceous, northeastern Mexico: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 111, no. 7, p. 1010-1029, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1999)111<1010:EOCACC>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"1010","endPage":"1029","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":229385,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"111","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0d78e4b0c8380cd53036","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lehmann, Christoph","contributorId":104238,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lehmann","given":"Christoph","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7004,"text":"Department of Earth Sciences, University of California, Riverside","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":390006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Osleger, David A. ","contributorId":69741,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Osleger","given":"David A. ","affiliations":[{"id":13032,"text":"Department of Geology, University of California, Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":390005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Montanez, Isabel P.","contributorId":69478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Montanez","given":"Isabel","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":390004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sliter, William V.","contributorId":21414,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sliter","given":"William V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":390003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Arnaud Vanneau, Annie","contributorId":106666,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arnaud Vanneau","given":"Annie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":390007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Banner, Jay L.","contributorId":58200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banner","given":"Jay L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":390002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70022018,"text":"70022018 - 1999 - Assessment of offshore New Jersey sources of Beach replenishment sand by diversified application of geologic and geophysical methods","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-24T19:09:15","indexId":"70022018","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2669,"text":"Marine Georesources and Geotechnology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessment of offshore New Jersey sources of Beach replenishment sand by diversified application of geologic and geophysical methods","docAbstract":"Beach replenishment serves the dual purpose of maintaining a source of tourism and recreation while protecting life and property. For New Jersey, sources for beach sand supply are increasingly found offshore. To meet present and future needs, geologic and geophysical techniques can be used to improve the identification, volume estimation, and determination of suitability, thereby making the mining and managing of this resource more effective. Current research has improved both data collection and interpretation of seismic surveys and vibracore analysis for projects investigating sand ridges offshore of New Jersey. The New Jersey Geological Survey in cooperation with Rutgers University is evaluating the capabilities of digital seismic data (in addition to analog data) to analyze sand ridges. The printing density of analog systems limits the dynamic range to about 24 dB. Digital acquisition systems with dynamic ranges above 100 dB can permit enhanced seismic profiles by trace static correction, deconvolution, automatic gain scaling, horizontal stacking and digital filtering. Problems common to analog data, such as wave-motion effects of surface sources, water-bottom reverberation, and bubble-pulse-width can be addressed by processing. More than 160 line miles of digital high-resolution continuous profiling seismic data have been collected at sand ridges off Avalon, Beach Haven, and Barnegat Inlet. Digital multichannel data collection has recently been employed to map sand resources within the Port of New York/New Jersey expanded dredge-spoil site located 3 mi offshore of Sandy Hook, New Jersey. Multichannel data processing can reduce multiples, improve signal-to-noise calculations, enable source deconvolution, and generate sediment acoustic velocities and acoustic impedance analysis. Synthetic seismograms based on empirical relationships among grain size distribution, density, and velocity from vibracores are used to calculate proxy values for density and velocity. The seismograms are then correlated to the digital seismic profile to confirm reflected events. They are particularly useful where individual reflection events cannot be detected but a waveform generated by several thin lithologic units can be recognized. Progress in application of geologic and geophysical methods provides advantages in detailed sediment analysis and volumetric estimation of offshore sand ridges. New techniques for current and ongoing beach replenishment projects not only expand our knowledge of the geologic processes involved in sand ridge origin and development, but also improve our assessment of these valuable resources. These reconnaissance studies provide extensive data to the engineer regarding the suitability and quantity of sand and can optimize placement and analysis of vibracore samples.Beach replenishment serves the dual purpose of maintaining a source of tourism and recreation while protecting life and property. Research has improved both data collection and interpretation of seismic surveys and vibracore analysis for projects investigating sand ridges offshore of New Jersey. The New Jersey Geological Survey in cooperation with Rutgers University is evaluating the capabilities of digital seismic data to analyze sand ridges. The printing density of analog systems limits the dynamic range to about 24 dB. Digital acquisition systems with dynamic ranges about 100 dB can permit enhanced seismic profiles by trace static correction, deconvolution, automatic gain scaling, horizontal stacking and digital filtering.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Georesources and Geotechnology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis Ltd","publisherLocation":"London, United Kingdom","doi":"10.1080/106411999273800","issn":"1064119X","usgsCitation":"Waldner, J., Hall, D.W., Uptegrove, J., Sheridan, R.E., Ashley, G., and Esker, D., 1999, Assessment of offshore New Jersey sources of Beach replenishment sand by diversified application of geologic and geophysical methods: Marine Georesources and Geotechnology, v. 17, no. 2-3, p. 139-140, https://doi.org/10.1080/106411999273800.","startPage":"139","endPage":"140","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":230658,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":268181,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/106411999273800"}],"volume":"17","issue":"2-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ee46e4b0c8380cd49c80","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waldner, J.S.","contributorId":69726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waldner","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":392056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hall, D. W.","contributorId":106528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hall","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":392059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Uptegrove, J.","contributorId":78902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Uptegrove","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":392057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sheridan, R. E.","contributorId":36681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sheridan","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":392055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ashley, G.M.","contributorId":99313,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ashley","given":"G.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":392058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Esker, D.","contributorId":32691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esker","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":392054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":1015013,"text":"1015013 - 1999 - Biochemical and molecular typing of Streptococcus iniae isolated from fish and human cases","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-01T11:03:31.865446","indexId":"1015013","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2286,"text":"Journal of Fish Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Biochemical and molecular typing of Streptococcus iniae isolated from fish and human cases","docAbstract":"<div class=\"abstract-group \"><div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p><i>Streptococcus iniae</i><span>&nbsp;</span>is an important bacterial pathogen of fish, causing up to 50% mortality in stocks, which has recently been associated with human infections. To determine whether<span>&nbsp;</span><i>S. iniae</i><span>&nbsp;</span>isolates from humans and fish are similar, the present authors examined the biochemical profiles and genetic relatedness of these isolates by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis and repetitive primer polymerase chain reaction(REP PCR). The biochemical profiles differentiated between the human and fish isolates of<span>&nbsp;</span><i>S. iniae</i><span>&nbsp;</span>using pyrrolidonyl arylamidase, arginine dehydrogenase, ribose, β-glucoronidase and glycogen as markers. These biochemical results suggest that the fish and human<span>&nbsp;</span><i>S. iniae</i><span>&nbsp;</span>isolates are genetically different. However, RAPD and REP PCR do not have the discriminatory power to differentiate between these streptococcus isolates using five different RAPD primers and BoxA primer.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1046/j.1365-2761.1999.00170.x","usgsCitation":"Dodson, S., Maurer, J., and Shotts, E., 1999, Biochemical and molecular typing of Streptococcus iniae isolated from fish and human cases: Journal of Fish Diseases, v. 22, no. 5, p. 331-336, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2761.1999.00170.x.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"331","endPage":"336","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130798,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2001-12-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4be4b07f02db625dc7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dodson, S.V.","contributorId":12417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dodson","given":"S.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Maurer, J.J.","contributorId":95015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maurer","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shotts, E.B.","contributorId":40155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shotts","given":"E.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70021609,"text":"70021609 - 1999 - Reminiscences of the editor of the Kansas Geological Survey Computer Contributions, 1966-1970 and a byte","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:41","indexId":"70021609","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1315,"text":"Computers & Geosciences","printIssn":"0098-3004","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reminiscences of the editor of the Kansas Geological Survey Computer Contributions, 1966-1970 and a byte","docAbstract":"A brief history of the Kansas Geological Survey's Computer Contributions is presented along with the people involved in development of the first geological computer freeware.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Computers and Geosciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0098-3004(98)00135-6","issn":"00983004","usgsCitation":"Merriam, D.F., 1999, Reminiscences of the editor of the Kansas Geological Survey Computer Contributions, 1966-1970 and a byte: Computers & Geosciences, v. 25, no. 4, p. 321-334, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0098-3004(98)00135-6.","startPage":"321","endPage":"334","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":229252,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":206262,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0098-3004(98)00135-6"}],"volume":"25","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa6d6e4b0c8380cd8509b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Merriam, D. F.","contributorId":63175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merriam","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":390463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70022023,"text":"70022023 - 1999 - NEOCHIM: An electrochemical method for environmental application","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:44","indexId":"70022023","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2302,"text":"Journal of Geochemical Exploration","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"NEOCHIM: An electrochemical method for environmental application","docAbstract":"Ion migration and electroosmosis are the principal processes underlying electrokinetic remediation of hazardous wastes from soils. These processes are a response of charged species to an applied electrical current and they are accompanied by electrolysis of water at the electrodes through which the current is applied. Electrolysis results in the formation of OH- at the cathode and H+ at the anode. The current drives the OH- and H+ thus formed from the electrodes, through the soil and to the electrode of opposite charge. Introduction of OH- and H+ into the soil being treated modifies soil chemistry and can interfere with either the collection or immobilization of hazardous waste ions. The introduction of either OH- or H+ to the soil can be problematic to electrokinetic remediation but the problem caused by OH- has been the focus of most researchers. The problem has been addressed by flushing the OH- from the soil near the cathode or treating the soil with buffers. These treatments would apply as well to soils affected by H+. With the NEOCHIM technology, developed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) for use as a sampling technique in exploration for buried ore deposits, OH- and H+ are retained in the inner compartment of two-compartment electrodes and are thus prevented from reaching the soil. This enables the extraction of cations and anions, including anionic forms of toxic metals such as HAsO42-. One of the principal attributes of NEOCHIM is the large volume of soil from which ions can be extracted. It is mathematically demonstrable that NEOCHIM extraction volumes can be orders of magnitude greater than volumes typically sampled in more conventional geochemical exploration methods or for environmental sampling. The technology may also be used to introduce selected ions into the soil that affect the solubility of ceratin ions present in the soil. Although field tests for mineral exploration have shown NEOCHIM extraction efficiencies of about 25-35%, laboratory experiments suggest that significantly higher efficiencies are possible. The attributes of NEOCHIM combined with relatively low cost of electrical power, indicate that the technology may be useful for remediation and monitoring of hazardous waste sites. Of particular importance is that NEOCHIM extractions affect only dissolved and electrically charged species, hence those prone to move in groundwater.The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has developed a technology called NEOCHIM for use as a sampling technique in exploration for buried deposits. With this technology, OH- and H+ are retained in the inner compartment of two-compartment electrodes and are thus prevented from reaching the soil. This enables the extraction of cations and anions. Laboratory experiments suggest extraction efficiencies higher than 25-35%.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geochemical Exploration","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Environmental Geochemistry ISEG. Pt 1 (of 2)","conferenceDate":"5 October 1997 through 10 October 1997","conferenceLocation":"Vail, CO, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Sci B.V.","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/S0375-6742(98)00046-6","issn":"03756742","usgsCitation":"Leinz, R.W., Hoover, D., and Meier, A.L., 1999, NEOCHIM: An electrochemical method for environmental application: Journal of Geochemical Exploration, v. 64, no. 1-3 -3 pt 1, p. 421-434, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0375-6742(98)00046-6.","startPage":"421","endPage":"434","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":206781,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0375-6742(98)00046-6"},{"id":230771,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"64","issue":"1-3 -3 pt 1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a613fe4b0c8380cd7188b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leinz, R. W.","contributorId":89885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leinz","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":392072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hoover, D.B.","contributorId":37734,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoover","given":"D.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":392070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Meier, A. L.","contributorId":81480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meier","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":392071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70021461,"text":"70021461 - 1999 - Metabolic rates in an anadromous clupeid, the American shad (<i>Alosa sapidissima</i>)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-28T12:12:30","indexId":"70021461","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2226,"text":"Journal of Comparative Physiology B: Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Metabolic rates in an anadromous clupeid, the American shad (<i>Alosa sapidissima</i>)","docAbstract":"<p><span>To assess the energetics of migration in an anadromous fish, adult American shad (</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Alosa sapidissima</i><span>) were swum in a large respirometer at a range of speeds (1.0–2.3 body lengths (BL) s</span><sup>−1</sup><span>, 13–24 °C). Metabolic rate (M</span><sub>O2</sub><span>) was logarithmically related to swimming speed (Bl s</span><sup>−1</sup><span>; </span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">r</i><sup>2</sup><span> = 0.41, slope = 0.23 ± 0.037) and tailbeat frequency (beats × min</span><sup>−1</sup><span>; </span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">r</i><sup>2</sup><span> = 0.52, slope = 0.003 ± 0.0003). Temperature had a significant effect on metabolic rate (</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">r</i><sup>2</sup><span> = 0.41) with a Q</span><sub>10</sub><span>of 2.2. Standard metabolic rate (SMR), determined directly after immobilization with the neuroblocker gallamine triethiodide, ranged from 2.2–6.2 mmolO</span><sub>2</sub><span> kg</span><sup>−1</sup><span> h</span><sup>−1</sup><span> and scaled with mass (W) such that SMR = 4.0 (±0.03)W</span><sup>0.695(±0.15)</sup><span>. Comparison of directly determined and extrapolated SMR suggests that swimming respirometry provides a good estimate of SMR in this species, given the differences in basal activity monitored by the two methods. Overall, American shad metabolic rates (M</span><sub>O2</sub><span> and SMR) were intermediate between salmonids and fast-swimming perciforms, including tunas, and may be a result of evolutionary adaptation to their active pelagic, schooling life history. This study demonstrates variability in metabolic strategy among anadromous fishes that may be important to understanding the relative success of different migratory species under varying environmental conditions.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s003600050223","issn":"01741578","usgsCitation":"Leonard, J.B., Norieka, J., Kynard, B., and McCormick, S., 1999, Metabolic rates in an anadromous clupeid, the American shad (<i>Alosa sapidissima</i>): Journal of Comparative Physiology B: Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology, v. 169, no. 4-5, p. 287-295, https://doi.org/10.1007/s003600050223.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"287","endPage":"295","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":229205,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"169","issue":"4-5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5461e4b0c8380cd6cf76","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leonard, J. B. K.","contributorId":40159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leonard","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"B. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Norieka, J.F.","contributorId":25516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norieka","given":"J.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kynard, B.","contributorId":51232,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kynard","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McCormick, S. D. 0000-0003-0621-6200","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0621-6200","contributorId":20278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCormick","given":"S. D.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":389968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70021786,"text":"70021786 - 1999 - William Maclure's Wernerian Appalachians","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:37","indexId":"70021786","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3443,"text":"Southeastern Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"William Maclure's Wernerian Appalachians","docAbstract":"William Maclure (1763-1840), a geologist of Scottish ancestry, was also a man of many other talents and interests including educator, philanthropist, world traveler, prolific writer, patron of science, businessman, bibliophile, and social reformer. He produced the first American printing of a geological map of the United States in 1809 and followed this with four other editions identified as 1811, 1817A, 1817B, and 1817C. All were well received and reproduced by others at least 15 times, as recently as 1989. Maclure has been called 'Father of American Geology,' a title he rightly deserves, primarily for these maps, but also for the first cross sections through the Appalachians, many other geological articles, and substantial donations of specimens, books, and funds to many learned institutions, including the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. Maclure's delineation of Appalachian geology followed Werner's geognostic classification of strata using Primary, Transition, Secondary, and Alluvial, but with modifications and considerable doubt concerning their Neptunian origin. He added 'Rock Salt' on his 1809 map as a line on the western edge of the Appalachians and 'Old Red Sand Stone' on the 1811 map for the basins later identified as Triassic. In his later articles, Maclure noted several times that 'trap' or basalt was an igneous rock and not an aqueous precipitate. He further stated that the Secondary and Transition strata are aggregates from the disintegration of the older Primitive rocks. He came to the conclusion near the end of his life that organic remains indicate '...that nature began with the most simple, and gradually proceeded to the more complicated and perfect.'.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Southeastern Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00383678","usgsCitation":"Lessing, P., 1999, William Maclure's Wernerian Appalachians: Southeastern Geology, v. 38, no. 3, p. 117-134.","startPage":"117","endPage":"134","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":229226,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"38","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd10ee4b08c986b32f1e2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lessing, P.","contributorId":90038,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lessing","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":391179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70021578,"text":"70021578 - 1999 - Birds associated with black-tailed prairie dog colonies in southern shortgrass prairie","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:39","indexId":"70021578","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3451,"text":"Southwestern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Birds associated with black-tailed prairie dog colonies in southern shortgrass prairie","docAbstract":"We conducted a census of avifaunal richness and abundance on black-tailed prairie dog (Cynomys ludovicianus) colonies and uncolonized shortgrass prairie in the Oklahoma panhandle in July 1995 and April-June 1996. Five black-tailed prairie dog colonies were paired with five uncolonized prairie sites having similar topography and soil structure. Data were collected by walking permanent line transects and making point counts with a 125-m radius at fixed points placed 250 m apart. Avifaunal abundance and species richness were determined for each site. Avifaunal abundance was significantly higher on sites with prairie dog-colonies than at uncolonized sites during the vegetation growing season. However, we found few significant differences in avian abundance between prairie dog colonies and uncolonized prairie during tile drought months of 1996. We suggest these differences are because of drought-induced vegetation dormancy. Drought created homogeneous habitat instead of distinct habitat patches on prairie dog colonies characteristic of normal precipitation years in other regions of the Great Plains.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Southwestern Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00384909","usgsCitation":"Barko, V., Shaw, J., and Leslie, D., 1999, Birds associated with black-tailed prairie dog colonies in southern shortgrass prairie: Southwestern Naturalist, v. 44, no. 4, p. 484-489.","startPage":"484","endPage":"489","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":229356,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f1bce4b0c8380cd4addb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barko, V.A.","contributorId":75477,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barko","given":"V.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":390356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shaw, J.H.","contributorId":87261,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaw","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":390357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Leslie, David M. Jr.","contributorId":52514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leslie","given":"David M.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":390355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70021679,"text":"70021679 - 1999 - Influence of substrate rocks on Fe-Mn crust composition","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:53","indexId":"70021679","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1370,"text":"Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of substrate rocks on Fe-Mn crust composition","docAbstract":"Principal Component and other statistical analyses of chemical and mineralogical data of Fe-Mn oxyhydroxide crusts and their underlying rock substrates in the central Pacific indicate that substrate rocks do not influence crust composition. Two ridges near Johnston Atoll were dredged repetitively and up to seven substrate rock types were recovered from small areas of similar water depths. Crusts were analyzed mineralogically and chemically for 24 elements, and substrates were analyzed mineralogically and chemically for the 10 major oxides. Compositions of crusts on phosphatized substrates are distinctly different from crusts on substrates containing no phosphorite. However, that relationship only indicates that the episodes of phosphatization that mineralized the substrate rocks also mineralized the crusts that grew on them. A two-fold increase in copper contents in crusts that grew on phosphatized clastic substrate rocks, relative to crusts on other substrate rock types, is also associated with phosphatization and must have resulted from chemical reorganization during diagenesis. Phosphatized crusts show increases in Sr, Zn, Ca, Ba, Cu, Ce, V, and Mo contents and decreases in Fe, Si, and As contents relative to non-phosphatized crusts. Our statistical results support previous studies which show that crust compositions reflect predominantly direct precipitation from seawater (hydrogenetic), and to lesser extents reflect detrital input and diagenetic replacement of parts of the older crust generation by carbonate fluorapatite.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0967-0637(98)00097-1","issn":"09670637","usgsCitation":"Hein, J., and Morgan, C., 1999, Influence of substrate rocks on Fe-Mn crust composition: Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, v. 46, no. 5, p. 855-875, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0967-0637(98)00097-1.","startPage":"855","endPage":"875","numberOfPages":"21","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":206205,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0967-0637(98)00097-1"},{"id":229112,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"46","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3b80e4b0c8380cd625ba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hein, J.R. 0000-0002-5321-899X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5321-899X","contributorId":61429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hein","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":390689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morgan, C.L.","contributorId":89296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morgan","given":"C.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":390690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1001786,"text":"1001786 - 1999 - Mate loss in winter and mallard reproduction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-02T12:46:52","indexId":"1001786","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mate loss in winter and mallard reproduction","docAbstract":"Mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) frequently pair during winter, and duck hunting seasons have been extended until the end of January in several southern states in the Mississippi Flyway. Therefore, we simulated dissolution of pair bonds from natural or hunting mortality by removing mates of wild-strain, captive, yearling female mallards in late January 1996 and early February 1997 to test if mate loss in winter would affect subsequent pair formation and reproductive performance. Most (97%) widowed females paired again. Nesting and incubation frequencies, nest-initiation date, days between first and second nests, and egg mass did not differ (P > 0.126) between widowed and control (i.e., no mate loss experienced) females in 1996 and 1997. In 1997, widowed females laid 1.91 fewer eggs in first nests (P = 0.014) and 3.75 fewer viable eggs in second nests (P = 0.056). Computer simulations with a mallard productivity model (incorporating default parameters [i.e., average environmental conditions]) indicated that the observed decreased clutch size of first nests, fewer viable eggs in second nests, and these factors combined had potential to decrease recruitment rates of yearling female mallards 9%, 12%, and 20%. Our results indicate that winter mate loss could reduce reproductive performance by yearling female mallards in some years. We suggest caution regarding extending duck hunting seasons in winter without concurrent evaluations of harvest and demographics of mallard and other duck populations.","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","doi":"10.2307/3802651","usgsCitation":"Lercel, B.A., Kaminski, R.M., and Cox, R.R., 1999, Mate loss in winter and mallard reproduction: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 63, no. 2, p. 621-629, https://doi.org/10.2307/3802651.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"621","endPage":"629","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133746,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"63","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a19e4b07f02db605b91","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lercel, Barbara A.","contributorId":174588,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lercel","given":"Barbara","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kaminski, Richard M.","contributorId":78205,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kaminski","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":17848,"text":"Mississippi State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":311775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cox, Robert R. Jr.","contributorId":6575,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cox","given":"Robert","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1001725,"text":"1001725 - 1999 - Alpha status, dominance, leadership, and division of labor in wolf packs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-04T10:58:13","indexId":"1001725","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1176,"text":"Canadian Journal of Zoology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Alpha status, dominance, leadership, and division of labor in wolf packs","docAbstract":"<p><span>The prevailing view of a wolf (</span><i>Canis lupus</i><span>) pack is that of a group of individuals ever vying for dominance but held in check by the \"alpha\" pair, the alpha male and alpha female. Most research on the social dynamics of wolf packs, however, has been conducted on non-natural assortments of captive wolves. Here I describe the wolf-pack social order as it occurs in nature, discuss the alpha concept and social dominance and submission, and present data on the precise relationships among members in free-living packs, based on a literature review and 13 summers of observations of wolves on Ellesmere Island, Northwest Territories, Canada. I conclude that the typical wolf pack is a family, with the adult parents guiding the activities of the group in a division-of-labor system in which the female predominates primarily in such activities as pup care and defense and the male primarily during foraging and food-provisioning and the travels associated with them.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/z99-099","usgsCitation":"Mech, L.D., 1999, Alpha status, dominance, leadership, and division of labor in wolf packs: Canadian Journal of Zoology, v. 77, no. 8, p. 1196-1203, https://doi.org/10.1139/z99-099.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1196","endPage":"1203","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133801,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"77","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db687f20","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mech, L. David 0000-0003-3944-7769 david_mech@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":2518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mech","given":"L.","email":"david_mech@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":311598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1001797,"text":"1001797 - 1999 - Effects of fire retardant chemical and fire suppressant foam on shrub steppe vegetation in northern Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-02T12:33:46","indexId":"1001797","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2083,"text":"International Journal of Wildland Fire","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of fire retardant chemical and fire suppressant foam on shrub steppe vegetation in northern Nevada","docAbstract":"<p><span>The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of fire retardantchemical (Phos-Chek G75-F</span><sup>*</sup><span>) and fire suppressant foam (Silv-Ex) application,alone and in combination with fire, on Great Basin shrub steppe vegetation. Wemeasured growth, resprouting, flowering, and incidence of galling insects on</span><i>Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus</i><span>and</span><i>Artemisia tridentata</i><span>. These characteristics were notaffected by any chemical treatment. We measured community characteristics,including species richness, evenness, and diversity, and number of stems ofwoody and herbaceous plants in riparian and upland plots. Of these characteristics, only species richness and number ofstems/m</span><sup>2</sup><span> clearly responded to the chemicaltreatments, and the response was modified by fire. In general, speciesrichness declined, especially after Phos-Chek application. However, by the endof the growing season, species richness did not differ between treated andcontrol plots. Acanonical variate analysis suggested that burning had agreater influence on community composition than did the chemical treatments.In general, riparian areas showed more significant responses to the treatmentsthan did upland areas, and June applications produced greater changes inspecies richness and stem density than did July applications.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"International Association of Wildland Fire","doi":"10.1071/WF00013","usgsCitation":"Larson, D.L., Newton, W.E., Anderson, P.J., and Stein, S.J., 1999, Effects of fire retardant chemical and fire suppressant foam on shrub steppe vegetation in northern Nevada: International Journal of Wildland Fire, v. 9, no. 2, p. 115-127, https://doi.org/10.1071/WF00013.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"115","endPage":"127","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129234,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2ee4b07f02db6158e8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Larson, Diane L. 0000-0001-5202-0634 dlarson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5202-0634","contributorId":2120,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"Diane","email":"dlarson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":311802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Newton, Wesley E. 0000-0002-1377-043X wnewton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1377-043X","contributorId":3661,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newton","given":"Wesley","email":"wnewton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":311800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anderson, Patrick J. 0000-0003-2281-389X andersonpj@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2281-389X","contributorId":3590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Patrick","email":"andersonpj@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":311803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stein, Steven J.","contributorId":174613,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stein","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":1014075,"text":"1014075 - 1999 - Effects of migration distance on whole-body and tissue-specific energy use American shad (Alosa sapidissima)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:09","indexId":"1014075","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of migration distance on whole-body and tissue-specific energy use American shad (Alosa sapidissima)","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"00-004/TF","usgsCitation":"Leonard, J.B., and McCormick, S., 1999, Effects of migration distance on whole-body and tissue-specific energy use American shad (Alosa sapidissima): Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 56, no. 7, p. 1159-1171.","productDescription":"p. 1159-1171","startPage":"1159","endPage":"1171","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129642,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"56","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db611bc2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leonard, J. B. K.","contributorId":40159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leonard","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"B. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCormick, S. D. 0000-0003-0621-6200","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0621-6200","contributorId":20278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCormick","given":"S. D.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":319735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70021540,"text":"70021540 - 1999 - Dissolved sulfide distributions in the water column and sediment pore waters of the Santa Barbara Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-19T08:56:58","indexId":"70021540","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dissolved sulfide distributions in the water column and sediment pore waters of the Santa Barbara Basin","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-id9\" class=\"abstract author\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id10\"><p>Dissolved sulfide concentrations in the water column and in sediment pore waters were measured by square-wave voltammetry (nanomolar detection limit) during three cruises to the Santa Barbara Basin in February 1995, November–December 1995, and April 1997. In the water column, sulfide concentrations measured outside the basin averaged 3 ± 1 nM (<i>n</i>= 28) in the 0 to 600 m depth range. Inside the basin, dissolved sulfides increased to reach values of up to 15 nM at depths &gt;400 m. A suite of box cores and multicores collected at four sites along the northeastern flank of the basin showed considerable range in surficial (&lt;0.5 cm) pore-water sulfide concentrations: &lt;0.008, 0.01, 0.02, to as much as 0.4 μM at the 340, 430, 550, and 590 m sites, respectively. At a core depth of 10 cm, however, pore–water sulfides exhibited an even wider range: 0.005, 0.05, 0.1, and 100 μM at the same sites, respectively. The sulfide flux into the deep basin, estimated from water-column profiles during three cruises, suggests a fairly consistent input of 100–300 nmole m<sup>−2</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>h<sup>−1</sup>. In contrast, sulfide fluxes estimated from pore-water sulfide gradients at the sediment water interface were much more variable (−4 to 13,000 nmole m<sup>−2</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>h<sup>−1</sup>). Dissolved silicate profiles show clear indications of irrigation at shallow sites (340 and 430 m) in comparison to deeper basin sites (550 and 590 m) with low (&lt;10 μM) bottom-water dissolved-oxygen concentrations. Pore-water profiles indicate ammonia generation at all sites, but particularly at the deep-basin 590 m site with concentrations increasing with sediment depth to &gt;400 μM at 10 cm. Decreases in water-column nitrate below the sill depth indicate nitrate consumption (−55 to −137 μmole m<sup>−2</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>h<sup>−1</sup>) similar to nearby Santa Monica Basin. Peaks in pore-water iron concentrations were generally observed between 2 and 5 cm depth with shallowest peaks at the 590 m site. These observations, including observations of the benthic microfauna, suggest that the extent to which the sulfide flux, sustained by elevated pore-water concentrations, reaches the water column may be modulated by the abundance of sulfide-oxidizing bacteria in addition to iron redox and precipitation reactions.</p></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0016-7037(99)00084-8","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Kuwabara, J., VanGeen, A., McCorkle, D., and Bernhard, J., 1999, Dissolved sulfide distributions in the water column and sediment pore waters of the Santa Barbara Basin: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 63, no. 15, p. 2199-2209, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(99)00084-8.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"2199","endPage":"2209","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":229321,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":206293,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(99)00084-8"}],"volume":"63","issue":"15","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0241e4b0c8380cd4ff81","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kuwabara, J.S.","contributorId":57905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuwabara","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":390240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"VanGeen, A.","contributorId":84086,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"VanGeen","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":390242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McCorkle, D.C.","contributorId":105975,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCorkle","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":390243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bernhard, J.M.","contributorId":58822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bernhard","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":390241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":1001869,"text":"1001869 - 1999 - Prescribed fire effects on biological control of leafy spurge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-13T15:24:17.847347","indexId":"1001869","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2441,"text":"Journal of Range Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Prescribed fire effects on biological control of leafy spurge","docAbstract":"<p><span>The flea beetle, <i>Aphthona nigriscutis</i> Foudras, is a potentially useful agent for biological control of leafy spurge (<i>Euphorbia esula</i> L.) in grasslands devoted to wildlife conservation. However, effects of other grassland management practices on the persistence and dynamics of flea beetle populations are not well understood. We conducted small plot tests to evaluate 1) the effect of prerelease burning on establishment of <i>A. nigriscutis</i> colonies, and 2) the ability of established <i>A. nigriscutis</i> colonies to survive prescribed fire. More colonies established on plots that were burned prior to beetle release (83% establishment) than on unburned plots (37% establishment), possibly due to litter reduction and baring of the soil surface. However, most colonies established with the aid of fire did not survive past the first generation unless the habitat was otherwise suitable for the species, and we conclude that the primary benefit of prerelease burning is increased recruitment of <i>A. nigriscutis</i> during the first few generations. Established colonies were not harmed by burns in October and May. Both spring and fall burns resulted in an increase in leafy spurge stem density during the first growing season, but stem density declined to the preburn level by the second growing season.&nbsp;</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Allen Press","doi":"10.2307/4003776","usgsCitation":"Fellows, D., and Newton, W., 1999, Prescribed fire effects on biological control of leafy spurge: Journal of Range Management, v. 52, no. 5, p. 489-493, https://doi.org/10.2307/4003776.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"489","endPage":"493","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479579,"rank":2,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10150/643997","text":"External Repository"},{"id":133857,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a93e4b07f02db6584fb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fellows, D.P.","contributorId":30957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fellows","given":"D.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Newton, W.E.","contributorId":13567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newton","given":"W.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1001912,"text":"1001912 - 1999 - Killing of a muskox, Ovibos moschatus, by two wolves, Canis lupis, and subsequent caching","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-13T13:10:03.781753","indexId":"1001912","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1163,"text":"Canadian Field-Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Killing of a muskox, <i>Ovibos moschatus</i>, by two wolves, <i>Canis lupis</i>, and subsequent caching","title":"Killing of a muskox, Ovibos moschatus, by two wolves, Canis lupis, and subsequent caching","docAbstract":"<p>The killing of a cow Muskox (<i>Ovibos moschatus</i>) by two Wolves (<i>Canis lupus</i>) in 5 minutes during summer on Ellesmere Island is described. After two of the four feedings observed, one Wolf cached a leg and regurgitated food as far as 2.3 km away and probably farther. The implications of this behavior for deriving food-consumption estimates are discussed.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ottawa Field-Naturalists' Club","usgsCitation":"Mech, L.D., and Adams, L., 1999, Killing of a muskox, Ovibos moschatus, by two wolves, Canis lupis, and subsequent caching: Canadian Field-Naturalist, v. 113, no. 4, p. 673-675.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"673","endPage":"675","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130308,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":353133,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/358674"}],"volume":"113","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b30e4b07f02db6b40d3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mech, L. David 0000-0003-3944-7769 david_mech@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":2518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mech","given":"L.","email":"david_mech@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":312057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Adams, Layne G. 0000-0001-6212-2896 ladams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6212-2896","contributorId":2776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Layne G.","email":"ladams@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":312058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1001713,"text":"1001713 - 1999 - Habitat associations of migrating and overwintering grassland birds in Southern Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-27T11:27:53","indexId":"1001713","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1318,"text":"Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Habitat associations of migrating and overwintering grassland birds in Southern Texas","docAbstract":"We report on the habitat associations of 21 species of grassland birds overwintering in or migrating through southern Texas, during 1991-1992 and 1992-1993. Ninety percent of our grassland bird observations were made during winter and spring, and only 10% occurred during fall. Grassland species made up a high proportion of the total bird densities in grassland and shrub-grassland habitats, but much lower proportions in the habitats with more woody vegetation. Fewer grassland species were observed in grassland and woodland than in brushland, parkland, and shrub-grassland habitats. Grassland birds generally were found in higher densities in habitats that had woody canopy coverage of < 30%; densities of grassland birds were highest in shrub-grassland habitat and lowest in woodland habitat. Species that are grassland specialists on their breeding grounds tended to be more habitat specific during the nonbreeding season compared to shrub-grassland specialists, which were more general in their nonbreeding-habitat usage. Nonetheless, our data demonstrate that grassland birds occur in a variety of habitats during the nonbreeding season and seem to occupy a broader range of habitats than previously described.","language":"English","publisher":"Cooper Ornithological Society","doi":"10.2307/1370064","usgsCitation":"Igl, L.D., and Ballard, B.M., 1999, Habitat associations of migrating and overwintering grassland birds in Southern Texas: Condor, v. 101, p. 771-782, https://doi.org/10.2307/1370064.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"771","endPage":"782","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479601,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1370064","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":133676,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"101","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db649715","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Igl, Lawrence D. 0000-0003-0530-7266 ligl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0530-7266","contributorId":2381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Igl","given":"Lawrence","email":"ligl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":311570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ballard, Bart M.","contributorId":62932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ballard","given":"Bart","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70021012,"text":"70021012 - 1999 - Exploring the correlation between Southern Africa NDVI and Pacific sea surface temperatures: Results for the 1998 maize growing season","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-21T14:13:45","indexId":"70021012","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2068,"text":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Exploring the correlation between Southern Africa NDVI and Pacific sea surface temperatures: Results for the 1998 maize growing season","docAbstract":"Several studies have identified statistically significant correlations between Pacific sea surface temperature anomalies and NDVI anomalies in Southern Africa. The potential predictive value of the relationship was explored for the 1998 maize growing season. Cross-validation techniques suggested a more useful relationship for regions of wet anomaly than for regions of dry anomaly. Observed 1998 NDVI anomaly patterns were consistent with this result. Wet anomalies were observed as expected, but wide areas of expected dry anomalies exhibited average or above-average greeness.","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/014311699212380","issn":"01431161","usgsCitation":"Verdin, J.P., Funk, C., Klaver, R.W., and Roberts, D., 1999, Exploring the correlation between Southern Africa NDVI and Pacific sea surface temperatures: Results for the 1998 maize growing season: International Journal of Remote Sensing, v. 20, no. 10, p. 2117-2124, https://doi.org/10.1080/014311699212380.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"2117","endPage":"2124","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":229847,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-11-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0e27e4b0c8380cd5330a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Verdin, James P. 0000-0003-0238-9657 verdin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0238-9657","contributorId":720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verdin","given":"James","email":"verdin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":388285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Funk, Chris 0000-0002-9254-6718 cfunk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9254-6718","contributorId":167070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Funk","given":"Chris","email":"cfunk@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":388287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Klaver, Robert W. 0000-0002-3263-9701 bklaver@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3263-9701","contributorId":3285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klaver","given":"Robert","email":"bklaver@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":388286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Roberts, D.","contributorId":24157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roberts","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":388284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":1001756,"text":"1001756 - 1999 - Foods and foraging of prairie striped skunks during the avian nesting season","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-16T09:36:35","indexId":"1001756","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Foods and foraging of prairie striped skunks during the avian nesting season","docAbstract":"Food habits of prairie skunks are not well understood, yet such knowledge might provide insight into factors influencing nest depredation. We studied food habits of radiocollared adult striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis) during 1976-78 in North Dakota, where skunks are regarded as important predators of ground-nesting birds. Plant foods, primarily grain and sunflower seeds, occurred in a larger percentage of scats in spring (15 Apr 31 May) than summer (1 Jun 15 July, P=0.04), but overall, plant foods were a minor part of skunk diets. Animal foods, primarily birds (including eggs), small rodents, and insects occurred annually in a large percentage of scats of all skunks. These foods were acquired nearly exclusively in grasslands. Percentage of scats containing animal foods was similar, irrespective of sex, season, or year (P>0.45). In spring, vertebrates occurred in a smaller percentage of scats of females than males (P<0.01). Among females, vertebrates also occurred in a smaller percentage of scats in spring than summer (P<0.01). Among all skunks, birds occurred in a smaller percentage of scats in spring than in summer (P<0.01). Both birds (P<0.02) and mammals (P<0.01) occurred in a smaller proportion of scats when wetland conditions were poor. Percentage of scats containing insects, the primary invertebrate food of skunks, did not vary by sex, season, or year (P>0.15). Insects were mostly adult and larval Coleoptera, larval Lepidoptera, and adult and nymph Orthoptera.","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","usgsCitation":"Greenwood, R.J., Sargeant, A., Piehl, J., Buhl, D., and Hanson, B., 1999, Foods and foraging of prairie striped skunks during the avian nesting season: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 27, no. 3, p. 823-832.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"823","endPage":"832","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133572,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d6e4b07f02db5de4e4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Greenwood, R. J.","contributorId":74326,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greenwood","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sargeant, A.B.","contributorId":13171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sargeant","given":"A.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Piehl, J.L.","contributorId":54536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piehl","given":"J.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Buhl, D. A. 0000-0002-8563-5990","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8563-5990","contributorId":13571,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buhl","given":"D. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hanson, B.A.","contributorId":40553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanson","given":"B.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":1002616,"text":"1002616 - 1999 - MOAB: a spatially explicit, individual-based expert system for creating animal foraging models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:49","indexId":"1002616","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1458,"text":"Ecological Modelling","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"MOAB: a spatially explicit, individual-based expert system for creating animal foraging models","docAbstract":"We describe the development, structure, and corroboration process of a simulation model of animal behavior (MOAB). MOAB can create spatially explicit, individual-based animal foraging models. Users can create or replicate heterogeneous landscape patterns, and place resources and individual animals of a goven species on that landscape to simultaneously simulate the foraging behavior of multiple species. The heuristic rules for animal behavior are maintained in a user-modifiable expert system. MOAB can be used to explore hypotheses concerning the influence of landscape patttern on animal movement and foraging behavior. A red fox (Vulpes vulpes L.) foraging and nest predation model was created to test MOAB's capabilities. Foxes were simulated for 30-day periods using both expert system and random movement rules. Home range size, territory formation and other available simulation studies. A striped skunk (Mephitis mephitis L.) model also was developed. The expert system model proved superior to stochastic in respect to territory formation, general movement patterns and home range size.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Modelling","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0304-3800(99)00044-7","usgsCitation":"Carter, J., and Finn, J.T., 1999, MOAB: a spatially explicit, individual-based expert system for creating animal foraging models: Ecological Modelling, v. 119, no. 1, p. 29-41, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3800(99)00044-7.","productDescription":"p. 29-41","startPage":"29","endPage":"41","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134427,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":15435,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3800(99)00044-7","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"7030.000000000000000"}],"volume":"119","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7fe4b07f02db648c32","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carter, J. 0000-0003-0110-0284 carterj@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0110-0284","contributorId":81839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"J.","email":"carterj@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":312137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Finn, John T.","contributorId":78302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finn","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1001737,"text":"1001737 - 1999 - Density and fledging success of grassland birds in Conservation Reserve Program fields in North Dakota and west-central Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-16T15:53:04.974366","indexId":"1001737","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3489,"text":"Studies in Avian Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Density and fledging success of grassland birds in Conservation Reserve Program fields in North Dakota and west-central Minnesota","docAbstract":"<p>The Conservation Reserve Program, initiated in 1985, was designed primarily to reduce soil erosion and crop surpluses. A secondary benefit was the provision of habitat for wildlife. Grassland bird populations, many of which declined in the decades prior to the Conservation Reserve Program, may have benefited from the Conservation Reserve Program if reproduction in this newly available habitat has been at least as high as it would have been in the absence of the Conservation Reserve Program. On study areas in North Dakota and Minnesota, I examined breeding densities and fledging success of grassland birds in Conservation Reserve Program fields and in an alternative habitat of similar structure, idle grassland fields on federal Waterfowl Production Areas. Fields were 10 to 25 hectares in size. The avifaunas of these two habitats were similar, although brush-dependent species were more abundant on Waterfowl Protection Areas. The common species in these habitats included ones whose continental populations have declined, such as Grasshopper Sparrow (<i>Ammodramus savannarum</i>), Savannah Sparrow (<i>Passerculus sandwichensis</i>), and Bobolink (<i>Dolichonyx oryzivorus</i>). These ground-nesting species were pooled with other ground nesters in an analysis of fledging success, which revealed no significant differences between habitats, between states, or among years (1991-1993). Predation was the primary cause of nest failure. I concluded that Conservation Reserve Program fields in this region were suitable breeding habitat for several species whose populations had declined prior to the Conservation Reserve Program era. This habitat appeared to be as secure for nests of ground-nesting birds as another suitable habitat in North Dakota and Minnesota.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Cooper Ornithological Society","usgsCitation":"Koford, R.R., 1999, Density and fledging success of grassland birds in Conservation Reserve Program fields in North Dakota and west-central Minnesota: Studies in Avian Biology, v. 19, p. 187-195.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"187","endPage":"195","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":11059,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://sora.unm.edu/node/139580"},{"id":134001,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota, North Dakota","county":"Pope County, Stevens County, Stutsman County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-95.1388,45.7602],[-95.1384,45.5864],[-95.1319,45.5856],[-95.1322,45.4128],[-95.2549,45.4122],[-95.7451,45.4122],[-96.1185,45.4133],[-96.2412,45.4136],[-96.2425,45.5864],[-96.2535,45.5862],[-96.2542,45.7609],[-95.7595,45.76],[-95.1388,45.7602]]],[[[-99.2669,47.3268],[-98.8466,47.327],[-98.8392,47.327],[-98.8232,47.3272],[-98.8152,47.3271],[-98.4991,47.327],[-98.467,47.3266],[-98.4677,47.2402],[-98.4685,46.9788],[-98.4412,46.9789],[-98.4396,46.6296],[-98.7894,46.6294],[-99.0379,46.6309],[-99.1616,46.6317],[-99.4122,46.6316],[-99.4498,46.6319],[-99.4477,46.8044],[-99.4476,46.9788],[-99.4821,46.9795],[-99.4824,47.0089],[-99.4822,47.0162],[-99.4821,47.0249],[-99.4826,47.0396],[-99.4827,47.1558],[-99.4801,47.3267],[-99.2669,47.3268]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Pope\",\"state\":\"MN\"}}]}","volume":"19","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab2e4b07f02db66eb6e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Koford, Rolf R.","contributorId":16347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koford","given":"Rolf","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1001894,"text":"1001894 - 1999 - Survival of postfledging mallards in northcentral Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-29T13:03:20","indexId":"1001894","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Survival of postfledging mallards in northcentral Minnesota","docAbstract":"Effective, economical management of waterfowl populations requires an understanding of age-, sex-, and cause-specific forces of mortality. We used radio telemetry to estimate survival rates of immature mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) from fledging to autumn migration in northcentral Minnesota. We monitored 48 females and 42 males during 1972-74 and observed 31 deaths during 2,984 exposure-days. We attributed 7 deaths to predation and 24 to hunting. Survival rates were 0.86 (SE=0.047) for the postfledging-prehunting period, 0.29 (SE=0.107) from the onset of hunting to migration, and 0.25 (SE=0.094) for both periods combined. Natural mortality of fledged young had a negligible effect on recruitment to migration. Reducing natural mortality of fledged juvenile mallards would not have been a feasible means of increasing recruitment. Management strategies that increased nest success, increased brood survival, or decreased hunting mortality would more likely have produced meaningful gains in recruitment and are worthy subjects for continuing study. In northcentral Minnesota, changes in waterfowl habitats, predator populations, and hunting pressure have probably not changed the relative importance of hunting and nonhunting mortality to fledged juvenile mallards since our data were collected.","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","doi":"10.2307/3802526","usgsCitation":"Kirby, R.E., and Sargeant, G.A., 1999, Survival of postfledging mallards in northcentral Minnesota: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 63, no. 1, p. 403-408, https://doi.org/10.2307/3802526.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"403","endPage":"408","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133917,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"63","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fb909","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kirby, Ronald E. ronald_kirby@usgs.gov","contributorId":195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirby","given":"Ronald","email":"ronald_kirby@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":312043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sargeant, Glen A. 0000-0003-3845-8503 gsargeant@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3845-8503","contributorId":1301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sargeant","given":"Glen","email":"gsargeant@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":312042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70043746,"text":"70043746 - 1999 - Publications of the U.S. Geological Survey, 1998","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-23T11:13:26","indexId":"70043746","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":378,"text":"Publications of the US Geological Survey","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"Publications of the U.S. Geological Survey, 1998","docAbstract":"This catalog is a list of (1) books and maps that were published during 1998 and (2) articles by U.S. Geological Survey personnel in non-U.S. Geological Survey journals and books that came to our attention in 1998; it supplements the permanent catalogs \"Publications of the Geological Survey, 1879-1961,\" \"Publications of the Geological Survey, 1962-1970,\" and \"Publications of the U.S. Geological Survey, 1971 through 1981.\"","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/70043746","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1999, Publications of the U.S. Geological Survey, 1998: Publications of the US Geological Survey, v, 381 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70043746.","productDescription":"v, 381 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":267735,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70043746/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":272689,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70043746/report.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5124ad6ce4b0b6328103b52b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1001884,"text":"1001884 - 1999 - Influence of agriculture on aquatic invertebrate communities of temporary wetlands in the Prairie Pothole Region of North Dakota, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-20T10:11:32","indexId":"1001884","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of agriculture on aquatic invertebrate communities of temporary wetlands in the Prairie Pothole Region of North Dakota, USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>We evaluated the influence of intensive agriculture on invertebrate communities of temporary wetlands as indicated by aquatic invertebrate resting eggs, shells, and cases remaining after wetlands dried. To facilitate the comparison, we sampled 19 wetlands within cropland areas and 19 wetlands within grassland areas. We found resting eggs, shells, and cases of significantly more taxa and greater numbers of cladoceran resting eggs (ephippia), planorbid and physid snail shells, and ostracod shells in wetlands within grasslands than in croplands. We also successfully incubated greater numbers of cladocerans and ostracods from soil samples collected from grassland sites. We were unable to detect differences in the viability of cladoceran ephippia between grassland and cropland wetlands, but our sample size was small due to an absence of ephippia in most cropland wetlands sampled; 74% of the cropland wetlands were devoid of cladoceran ephippia whereas ephippia were well represented in nearly all of our grassland sites. Our results corroborate findings of other investigators that prairie pothole wetlands have been negatively impacted by human activ-, ities. Our study demonstrates that aquatic invertebrates of temporary wetlands have, been negatively impacted by intensive agriculture and suggests that future studies need to assess the influence of agricultural practices on wetland-dependant wildlife.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Wetland Scientists","doi":"10.1007/BF03161695","usgsCitation":"Euliss, N.H., and Mushet, D.M., 1999, Influence of agriculture on aquatic invertebrate communities of temporary wetlands in the Prairie Pothole Region of North Dakota, USA: Wetlands, v. 19, no. 3, p. 578-583, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03161695.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"578","endPage":"583","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129654,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e6ad9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Euliss, Ned H. Jr. ceuliss@usgs.gov","contributorId":2916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Euliss","given":"Ned","suffix":"Jr.","email":"ceuliss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mushet, David M. 0000-0002-5910-2744 dmushet@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5910-2744","contributorId":1299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mushet","given":"David","email":"dmushet@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":312028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1002460,"text":"1002460 - 1999 - Giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) population dynamics and bamboo (subfamily Bambusoideae) life history: a structured population approach to examining carrying capacity when the prey are semelparous","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:48","indexId":"1002460","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1458,"text":"Ecological Modelling","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) population dynamics and bamboo (subfamily Bambusoideae) life history: a structured population approach to examining carrying capacity when the prey are semelparous","docAbstract":"The giant panda, Ailuropoda melanoleuca, is a highly specialized Ursid whose diet consists almost entirely of various species of bamboo. Bamboo (Bambusoideae) is a grass subfamily whose species often exhibit a synchronous semelparity. Synchronous semelparity can create local drops in carrying capacity for the panda. We modeled the interaction of pandas and their bamboo food resources with an age structured panda population model linked to a natural history model of bamboo biomass dynamics based on literature values of bamboo biomass, and giant panda life history dynamics. This paper reports the results of our examination of the interaction between pandas and their bamboo food resource and its implications for panda conservation. In the model all panda populations were well below the carrying capacity of the habitat. The giant panda populations growth was most sensitive to changes in birth rates and removal of reproductive aged individuals. Periodic starvation that has been documented in conjunction with bamboo die-offs is probably related to the inability to move to other areas within the region where bamboo is still available. Based on the results of this model, giant panda conservation should concentrate on keeping breeding individuals in the wild, keep corridors to different bamboo species open to pandas, and to concentrate research on bamboo life history.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Modelling","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0304-3800(99)00145-3","usgsCitation":"Carter, J., Ackleh, A., Leonard, B., and Wang, H., 1999, Giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) population dynamics and bamboo (subfamily Bambusoideae) life history: a structured population approach to examining carrying capacity when the prey are semelparous: Ecological Modelling, v. 123, no. 2-3, p. 207-223, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3800(99)00145-3.","productDescription":"p. 207-223","startPage":"207","endPage":"223","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":15641,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3800(99)00145-3","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"7028.000000000000000"},{"id":133997,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"123","issue":"2-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac5e4b07f02db679f77","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carter, J. 0000-0003-0110-0284 carterj@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0110-0284","contributorId":81839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"J.","email":"carterj@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":312098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ackleh, A. S.","contributorId":14787,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ackleh","given":"A. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Leonard, B.P.","contributorId":45274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leonard","given":"B.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wang, Hongfang","contributorId":92635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Hongfang","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
]}