{"pageNumber":"3413","pageRowStart":"85300","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184918,"records":[{"id":1015980,"text":"1015980 - 1999 - Effects of sample size on kernel home range estimates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-31T11:46:08.804963","indexId":"1015980","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of sample size on kernel home range estimates","docAbstract":"Kernel methods for estimating home range are being used increasingly in wildlife research, but the effect of sample size on their accuracy is not known. We used computer simulations of 10-200 points/home range and compared accuracy of home range estimates produced by fixed and adaptive kernels with the reference (REF) and least-squares cross-validation (LSCV) methods for determining the amount of smoothing. Simulated home ranges varied from simple to complex shapes created by mixing bivariate normal distributions. We used the size of the 95% home range area and the relative mean squared error of the surface fit to assess the accuracy of the kernel home range estimates. For both measures, the bias and variance approached an asymptote at about 50 observations/home range. The fixed kernel with smoothing selected by LSCV provided the least-biased estimates of the 95% home range area. All kernel methods produced similar surface fit for most simulations, but the fixed kernel with LSCV had the lowest frequency and magnitude of very poor estimates. We reviewed 101 papers published in The Journal of Wildlife Management (JWM) between 1980 and 1997 that estimated animal home ranges. A minority of these papers used nonparametric utilization distribution (UD) estimators, and most did not adequately report sample sizes. We recommend that home range studies using kernel estimates use LSCV to determine the amount of smoothing, obtain a minimum of 30 observations per animal (but preferably a?Y50), and report sample sizes in published results.","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","doi":"10.2307/3802664","usgsCitation":"Seaman, D., Millspaugh, J., Kernohan, B.J., Brundige, G.C., Raedeke, K.J., and Gitzen, R.A., 1999, Effects of sample size on kernel home range estimates: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 63, no. 2, p. 739-747, https://doi.org/10.2307/3802664.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"739","endPage":"747","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134368,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"63","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ee4b07f02db6aa524","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Seaman, D.E.","contributorId":102845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seaman","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Millspaugh, J.J.","contributorId":99105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Millspaugh","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kernohan, Brian J.","contributorId":69110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kernohan","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brundige, Gary C.","contributorId":25128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brundige","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Raedeke, Kenneth J.","contributorId":29378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raedeke","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gitzen, Robert A.","contributorId":75498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gitzen","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":1015978,"text":"1015978 - 1999 - Bat activity in thinned, unthinned, and old-growth forests in western Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-31T11:51:46.142607","indexId":"1015978","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bat activity in thinned, unthinned, and old-growth forests in western Oregon","docAbstract":"Many aspects of the influences of forest management activities on bats (Chiroptera) in the Pacific Northwest are poorly known. We compared thinned and unthinned forest stands of the same age and old-growth forest stands to determine potential differences in structure and amount of use by bats. We hypothesized that activity levels of bats would differ in stands differing in structure as a result of management history and that activity of bats would be similar in stands of similar structure. We used automated ultrasonic detectors (Anabat II) to record calls of bats in 50-100-year-old thinned and unthinned stands, and in old-growth (a?Y200 yr old) stands in the Oregon Coast Range during the summers of 1994 and 1995. Our median index of bat activity was higher in old-growth than in unthinned stands and higher in thinned than in unthinned stands. We were not able to detect a significant difference between the index of median bat activity for old-growth and thinned stands. More than 90% of identifiable passes were identified as calls from Myotis species. The 3 stand types we examined differed in certain structural characteristics such as density and size of trees, and amount of overstory and understory cover. We concluded that the structural changes caused by thinning may benefit bats by creating habitat structure in young stands that bats are able to use more effectively.","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","doi":"10.2307/3802642","usgsCitation":"Humes, M.L., Hayes, J.P., and Collopy, M.W., 1999, Bat activity in thinned, unthinned, and old-growth forests in western Oregon: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 63, no. 2, p. 553-561, https://doi.org/10.2307/3802642.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"553","endPage":"561","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133891,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"63","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e482ae4b07f02db4e7581","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Humes, Marcia L.","contributorId":58608,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Humes","given":"Marcia","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hayes, J. P.","contributorId":42565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Collopy, Michael W.","contributorId":77890,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Collopy","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70186934,"text":"70186934 - 1999 - Satellite radar interferometry and its application to detection of volcanic deformation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-14T14:38:08","indexId":"70186934","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5370,"text":"Remote Sensing Information","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Satellite radar interferometry and its application to detection of volcanic deformation","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Lu, Z., 1999, Satellite radar interferometry and its application to detection of volcanic deformation: Remote Sensing Information, v. 53, no. 1, p. 18-23.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"18","endPage":"23","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":339745,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"53","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58f1e0cbe4b08144348b7e32","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lu, Zhong 0000-0001-9181-1818 lu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9181-1818","contributorId":901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lu","given":"Zhong","email":"lu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":691069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1014624,"text":"1014624 - 1999 - Enhancement of anti-<i>Aeromonas salmonicida</i> activity in Atlantic salmon (<i>Salmo salar</i>) macrophages by a mannose-binding lectin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-06T15:20:01","indexId":"1014624","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3820,"text":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part C: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Endocrinology","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Enhancement of anti-<i>Aeromonas salmonicida</i> activity in Atlantic salmon (<i>Salmo salar</i>) macrophages by a mannose-binding lectin","docAbstract":"<p>We investigated the effects of a calcium-dependent mannose-binding lectin isolated from the serum of Atlantic salmon on <i>Aeromonas</i><i>salmonicida</i> viability and the anti-<i>A</i>. <i>salmonicida</i> activity of Atlantic salmon macrophages. In the absence of other factors, binding of this lectin at concentrations of 0.8, 4.0 and 20.0 ng ml<sup>−1</sup> to virulent <i>A. salmonicida</i> failed to significantly reduce (<i>P</i>&gt;0.05) cell viability. However, binding of the lectin to <i>A. salmonicida</i> did result in significant (<i>P</i>≤0.05) dose-dependent increases in phagocytosis, and bactericidal activity. Significant increases (<i>P</i>≤0.05) were also observed in phagocyte respiratory burst activity within the lectin concentration range of 4.0–20.0 ng ml<sup>−1</sup> but the stimulation was not dose dependent at these lectin concentrations. At the lowest lectin concentration tested (0.32 ng ml<sup>−1</sup>), a significant decrease (<i>P</i>≤0.05) in respiratory burst was observed. The structure and activity of this lectin are similar to that of mammalian mannose-binding lectins, which are known to play a pivotal role in innate immunity. The presence of this lectin may be an important defense mechanism against Gram-negative bacteria such as <i>A. </i><i>salmonicida.</i></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0742-8413(99)00009-2","usgsCitation":"Ottinger, C., Johnson, S., Ewart, K., Brown, L., and Ross, N., 1999, Enhancement of anti-<i>Aeromonas salmonicida</i> activity in Atlantic salmon (<i>Salmo salar</i>) macrophages by a mannose-binding lectin: Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part C: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Endocrinology, v. 123, no. 1, p. 53-59, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0742-8413(99)00009-2.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"53","endPage":"59","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132124,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"123","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a14e4b07f02db60267a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ottinger, C. A. 0000-0003-2551-1985","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2551-1985","contributorId":8796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ottinger","given":"C. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, S.C.","contributorId":93008,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"S.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ewart, K.V.","contributorId":13934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ewart","given":"K.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brown, L.L.","contributorId":46907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"L.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ross, N.W.","contributorId":21915,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ross","given":"N.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70185424,"text":"70185424 - 1999 - Juvenile Marbled Murrelet nurseries and the productivity index","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-23T11:35:45","indexId":"70185424","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3783,"text":"The Wilson Bulletin","printIssn":"0043-5643","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Juvenile Marbled Murrelet nurseries and the productivity index","docAbstract":"<p><span>Late summer counts of juveniles at sea are used as an index of Marbled Murrelet (</span><i>Brachyramphus marmoratus</i><span>) reproductive success, but little is known about juvenile dispersal or habitat use. Further, it is not known whether these counts accurately reflect absolute breeding success. To address these questions we conducted five boat surveys for Marbled Murrelets and Pigeon Guillemots (</span><i>Cepphus columba</i><span>) in Kachemak Bay, Alaska between 7-24 August 1996. Juvenile murrelet distribution in the bay was patchy, and we identified a juvenile Marbled Murrelet 'nursery' area in the outer bay. Fifty-three of 61 juvenile murrelets were in this area, whereas after-hatch-year (AHY) murrelets were dispersed throughout the bay, as were juvenile and AHY Pigeon Guillemots. The murrelet nursery was characterized by water inside of or at the edge of a 20 m deep contour, semi-protected seas, productive waters, and a large bed of Nereocystis kelp. Juveniles comprised 16.1% of all murrelets and 24.8% of all guillemots observed at sea. These data suggest a maximum reproductive success of 0.32 chicks/pair if all AHY murrelets were breeding and 0.46 chicks/pair if only 70% of AHY murrelets were breeding. For guillemots, maximum productivity estimated from at-sea counts was 0.50 chicks/pair if all AHY were breeding and 0.71 chicks/pair if only 70% were breeding. The guillemot estimate was similar to that obtained by concurrent studies at nine guillemot colonies in the bay (0.56 chicks/pair). These results suggest that at sea surveys in late summer provide a reasonable index of local productivity for nearshore alcids. Further, if murrelet nursery areas can be found, at sea counts may provide a valid measure of absolute productivity.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wilson Ornithological Society","usgsCitation":"Kuletz, K.J., and Piatt, J.F., 1999, Juvenile Marbled Murrelet nurseries and the productivity index: The Wilson Bulletin, v. 111, no. 2, p. 257-261.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"257","endPage":"261","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338008,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":338007,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://wjoonline.org/?code=wors-site","text":"Journal's Homepage"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Kachemak Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -151.9244384765625,\n              59.32338185310805\n            ],\n            [\n              -150.82305908203125,\n              59.32338185310805\n            ],\n            [\n              -150.82305908203125,\n              59.875155047865434\n            ],\n            [\n              -151.9244384765625,\n              59.875155047865434\n            ],\n            [\n              -151.9244384765625,\n              59.32338185310805\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"111","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d23b92e4b0236b68f82900","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kuletz, Kathy J.","contributorId":24669,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuletz","given":"Kathy","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Piatt, John F. 0000-0002-4417-5748 jpiatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-5748","contributorId":3025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatt","given":"John","email":"jpiatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":685530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70185261,"text":"70185261 - 1999 - Use and misuse of the chloride-mas balance method in estimating ground water recharge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-21T06:58:53","indexId":"70185261","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use and misuse of the chloride-mas balance method in estimating ground water recharge","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1999.tb00949.x","usgsCitation":"Wood, W., 1999, Use and misuse of the chloride-mas balance method in estimating ground water recharge: Groundwater, v. 37, no. 1, p. 2-3, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1999.tb00949.x.","productDescription":"2 p. ","startPage":"2","endPage":"3","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337796,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"37","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-08-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ccf59ee4b0849ce97f0cea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wood, Warren W.","contributorId":47770,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wood","given":"Warren W.","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":684921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70171412,"text":"70171412 - 1999 - Modelling removal mechanisms of Pb, Cu, Zn and Cd in acidic groundwater during the neutralization by ambient surface and ground waters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-01T09:47:46","indexId":"70171412","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modelling removal mechanisms of Pb, Cu, Zn and Cd in acidic groundwater during the neutralization by ambient surface and ground waters","docAbstract":"<p><span>Removal of Pb, Cu, Zn, and Cd during neutralization of acid rock drainage is examined using model simulations of field conditions and laboratory experiments involving mixing of natural drainage and surface waters or groundwaters. The simulations consider sorption onto hydrous Fe and Al oxides and particulate organic carbon, mineral precipitation, and organic and inorganic solution complexation of metals for two physical systems where newly formed oxides and particulate organic matter are either transported or retained along the chemical pathway. The calculations indicate that metal removal is a strong function of the physical system. Relative to direct discharge of ARD into streams, lower metal removals are observed where ARD enters streamwaters during the latter stages of neutralization by ambient groundwater after most of the Fe has precipitated and been retained in the soils. The mixing experiments, which represent the field simulations, also demonstrated the importance of dissolved metal to particle Fe ratios in controlling dissolved metal removal along the chemical pathway. Finally, model calculations indicate that hydrous Fe oxides and particulate organic carbon are more important than hydrous Al oxides in removing metals and that both inorganic and organic complexation must be considered when modeling metal removal from aquatic systems that are impacted by sulfide oxidation.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/es9900454","usgsCitation":"Paulson, A.J., and Balistrieri, L.S., 1999, Modelling removal mechanisms of Pb, Cu, Zn and Cd in acidic groundwater during the neutralization by ambient surface and ground waters: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 33, no. 21, p. 3850-3856, https://doi.org/10.1021/es9900454.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"3850","endPage":"3856","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321899,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"21","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1999-09-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"574eb5d7e4b0ee97d51a83d7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Paulson, Anthony J. 0000-0002-2358-8834 apaulson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2358-8834","contributorId":5236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paulson","given":"Anthony","email":"apaulson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":630915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Balistrieri, Laurie S. 0000-0002-6359-3849 balistri@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6359-3849","contributorId":1406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Balistrieri","given":"Laurie","email":"balistri@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":630916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70021271,"text":"70021271 - 1999 - D/H isotope ratios of kerogen, bitumen, oil, and water in hydrous pyrolysis of source rocks containing kerogen types I, II, IIS, and III","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-13T12:24:08.872161","indexId":"70021271","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"D/H isotope ratios of kerogen, bitumen, oil, and water in hydrous pyrolysis of source rocks containing kerogen types I, II, IIS, and III","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-serif text-s\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-id12\" class=\"abstract author\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id13\"><p>Immature source rock chips containing different types of kerogen (I, II, IIS, III) were artificially matured in isotopically distinct waters by hydrous pyrolysis and by pyrolysis in supercritical water. Converging isotopic trends of inorganic (water) and organic (kerogen, bitumen, oil) hydrogen with increasing time and temperature document that water-derived hydrogen is added to or exchanged with organic hydrogen, or both, during chemical reactions that take place during thermal maturation. Isotopic mass-balance calculations show that, depending on temperature (310–381°C), time (12–144 h), and source rock type, between ca. 45 and 79% of carbon-bound hydrogen in kerogen is derived from water. Estimates for bitumen and oil range slightly lower, with oil–hydrogen being least affected by water-derived hydrogen. Comparative hydrous pyrolyses of immature source rocks at 330°C for 72 h show that hydrogen in kerogen, bitumen, and expelled oil/wax ranks from most to least isotopically influenced by water-derived hydrogen in the order IIS &gt; II ≈ III &gt; I. Pyrolysis of source rock containing type II kerogen in supercritical water at 381°C for 12 h yields isotopic results that are similar to those from hydrous pyrolysis at 350°C for 72 h, or 330°C for 144 h.</p><p>Bulk hydrogen in kerogen contains several percent of isotopically labile hydrogen that exchanges fast and reversibly with hydrogen in water vapor at 115°C. The isotopic equilibration of labile hydrogen in kerogen with isotopic standard water vapors significantly reduces the analytical uncertainty of D/H ratios when compared with simple D/H determination of bulk hydrogen in kerogen.</p><p>If extrapolation of our results from hydrous pyrolysis is permitted to natural thermal maturation at lower temperatures, we suggest that organic D/H ratios of fossil fuels in contact with formation waters are typically altered during chemical reactions, but that D/H ratios of generated hydrocarbons are subsequently little or not affected by exchange with water hydrogen at typical reservoir conditions over geologic time. It will be difficult to utilize D/H ratios of thermally mature bulk or fractions of organic matter to quantitatively reconstruct isotopic aspects of paleoclimate and paleoenvironment. Hope resides in compound-specific D/H ratios of thermally stable, extractable biomarkers (“molecular fossils”) that are less susceptible to hydrogen exchange with water-derived hydrogen.</p></div></div></div><ul id=\"issue-navigation\" class=\"issue-navigation u-margin-s-bottom u-bg-grey1\"></ul>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0016-7037(99)00221-5","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Schimmelmann, A., Lewan, M.D., and Wintsch, R., 1999, D/H isotope ratios of kerogen, bitumen, oil, and water in hydrous pyrolysis of source rocks containing kerogen types I, II, IIS, and III: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 63, no. 22, p. 3751-3766, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(99)00221-5.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"3751","endPage":"3766","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":229706,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"63","issue":"22","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fd2de4b0c8380cd4e6a8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schimmelmann, A.","contributorId":28348,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schimmelmann","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lewan, M. D.","contributorId":46540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewan","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wintsch, R. P.","contributorId":104921,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wintsch","given":"R. P.","affiliations":[{"id":13366,"text":"Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":389284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70171440,"text":"70171440 - 1999 - Acoustic backscatter of the 1995 flood deposit on the Eel shelf","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-31T13:34:23","indexId":"70171440","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Acoustic backscatter of the 1995 flood deposit on the Eel shelf","docAbstract":"<p><span>Acoustic swath mapping and sediment box coring conducted on the continental shelf near the mouth of the Eel River revealed regional variations in acoustic backscatter that can be related to the shelf sedimentology. The acoustic-backscatter variations observed on the shelf were unusually narrow compared to the response of similar sediment types documented in other areas. However, the acoustic data revealed four principal bottom types on the shelf that can be related to sedimentologic differences observed in cores. The four areas are: (1) low acoustic backscatter associated with the nearshore-sand facies and the prodelta terraces of the Eel and Mad rivers, composed of fine sands and coarse silts with low porosity; (2) high acoustic backscatter associated with fine silts characterized by high porosity and deposited by the 1995 flood of the Eel River; (3) intermediate acoustic backscatter in the outer-shelf muds, where clayey silts are accumulating and the 1995 flood apparently had limited direct effect; and (4) intermediate acoustic backscatter near the fringes of the 1995 flood deposits and in areas where the flood sediments were more disrupted by post-depositional processes. The highest acoustic backscatter was identified in areas where the 1995 flood sediments remained relatively intact and near the shelf surface into the summer of 1995. Cores collected from these areas contained wavy or lenticular bedding. The rapid deposition of the high-porosity muddy layers results in better preservation of incorporated ripple forms than in areas less directly impacted by the flood deposit. The high-porosity muddy layers allow acoustic penetration into the sediments and result in greater acoustic backscatter from incorporated roughness elements.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0025-3227(98)00113-3","usgsCitation":"Borgeld, J.C., Hughes Clarke, J.E., Goff, J.A., Mayer, L.A., and Curtis, J.A., 1999, Acoustic backscatter of the 1995 flood deposit on the Eel shelf: Marine Geology, v. 154, no. 1-4, p. 197-210, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0025-3227(98)00113-3.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"197","endPage":"210","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321928,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"154","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"574eb5aee4b0ee97d51a838d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Borgeld, J. C.","contributorId":57724,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Borgeld","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hughes Clarke, John E.","contributorId":58676,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hughes Clarke","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goff, John A.","contributorId":96087,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goff","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12811,"text":"Institute for Geophysics, Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas, Austin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":630990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mayer, Larry A.","contributorId":69583,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mayer","given":"Larry","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Curtis, Jennifer A. 0000-0001-7766-994X jacurtis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7766-994X","contributorId":927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Curtis","given":"Jennifer","email":"jacurtis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":630992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70175049,"text":"70175049 - 1999 - The effect of infaunal bivalve grazing on phytoplankton bloom development in south San Francisco Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-27T14:50:56","indexId":"70175049","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":21,"text":"Thesis"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":28,"text":"Thesis"},"title":"The effect of infaunal bivalve grazing on phytoplankton bloom development in south San Francisco Bay","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Stanford University","usgsCitation":"Thompson, J., 1999, The effect of infaunal bivalve grazing on phytoplankton bloom development in south San Francisco Bay, 419 p.","productDescription":"419 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325732,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5799db7ee4b0589fa1c7eb60","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thompson, J.K.","contributorId":103300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"J.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":643720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70187948,"text":"70187948 - 1999 - Seasonal shorebird use of intertidal habitats in Cook Inlet, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-21T13:01:06","indexId":"70187948","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5,"text":"BOEM","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"MMS 99-0012","title":"Seasonal shorebird use of intertidal habitats in Cook Inlet, Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>Seasonal shorebird use of intertidal habitats of Cook Inlet, Alaska, was studied from February 1997 to February 1999 using aerial surveys as the principal method of assessment. On-ground studies were conducted to validate aerial survey results and to assess shorebird use of vegetated habitats, especially during the breeding season. Twenty-eight species of shorebirds were recorded using the area, ranging from all being present during spring to a single species present during winter. The annual pattern of use was characterized by the sudden occurrence and rapid increase in numbers of birds during early May and their abrupt departure in mid- to late-May. During this period, survey totals frequently exceeded 150,000 birds per day. Comparatively little use occurred during summer and autumn, but use was significant from late autumn to early spring when Rock Sandpipers (<i>Calidris ptilocnemis</i>) resided in the Inlet. A single species, the Western Sandpiper (<i>C. maun</i>), was by far the numerically dominant shorebird, accounting for three-fourths of all birds recorded. The Pacific flyway population of this species numbers 2-3 million birds of which we estimated 20-47% used Cook Inlet embayments, especially southern Redoubt Bay. Cook .Inlet also supported between 11 and 21% of the Pacific flyway population of Dunlin (<i>C. alpina pacifica</i>) and what may be the entire population (ca. 20,000 birds) of the nominate race of the Rock Sandpiper (<i>C. p. ptilocnemis</i>). Several areas along the west side of Cook Inlet proved to be extremely important to shorebirds. Southern Redoubt Bay supported 73% of all shorebirds during spring (average 32,000 per day) while Susitna Flats accounted for 82% of use during winter (8,400 per day). International criteria used to assess the conservation importance of particular wetland sites to shorebirds not only place Cook Inlet at the highest level of recognition but afford similar recognition to several individual embayments therein. The large human population and the extent of oil and natural gas production facilities occurring in the Cook Inlet region potentially pose serious risks to shorebirds and intertidal habitats. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"Minerals Management Service","usgsCitation":"Gill, R., and Tibbitts, T.L., 1999, Seasonal shorebird use of intertidal habitats in Cook Inlet, Alaska: BOEM MMS 99-0012, vii, 55 p.","productDescription":"vii, 55 p.","numberOfPages":"67","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341742,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":341741,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.boem.gov/Alaska-Reports-1990/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Cook Inlet","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59269bcfe4b0b7ff9fb489b6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gill, Robert E. Jr. 0000-0002-6385-4500 rgill@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6385-4500","contributorId":171747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gill","given":"Robert E.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"rgill@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":696069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tibbitts, T. Lee 0000-0002-0290-7592 ltibbitts@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0290-7592","contributorId":140455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tibbitts","given":"T.","email":"ltibbitts@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Lee","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":696070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70020900,"text":"70020900 - 1999 - Mercury concentration in coal — Unraveling the puzzle","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-28T18:41:22.021786","indexId":"70020900","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1709,"text":"Fuel","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mercury concentration in coal — Unraveling the puzzle","docAbstract":"<p><span>Based on data from the US Geological Survey's COALQUAL database, the mean concentration of mercury in coal is approximately 0.2</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>μg</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>g</span><sup>−1</sup><span>. Assuming the database reflects in-ground US coal resources, values for conterminous US coal areas range from 0.08</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>μg</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>g</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;for coal in the San Juan and Uinta regions to 0.22</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>μg</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>g</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;for the Gulf Coast lignites. Recalculating the COALQUAL data to an equal energy basis unadjusted for moisture differences, the Gulf Coast lignites have the highest values (36.4</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>lb of Hg/10</span><sup>12</sup><span>&nbsp;</span><span>Btu) and the Hams Fork region coal has the lowest value (4.8</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>lb of Hg/10</span><sup>12</sup><span>&nbsp;</span><span>Btu). Strong indirect geochemical evidence indicates that a substantial proportion of the mercury in coal is associated with pyrite occurrence. This association of mercury and pyrite probably accounts for the removal of mercury with the pyrite by physical coal cleaning procedures. Data from the literature indicate that conventional coal cleaning removes approximately 37% of the mercury on an equal energy basis, with a range of 0% to 78%. When the average mercury reduction value is applied to in-ground mercury values from the COALQUAL database, the resulting `cleaned' mercury values are very close to mercury in `as-shipped' coal from the same coal bed in the same county. Applying the reduction factor for coal cleaning to eastern US bituminous coal, reduces the mercury input load compared to lower-rank non-cleaned western US coal. In the absence of analytical data on as-shipped coal, the mercury data in the COALQUAL database, adjusted for cleanability where appropriate, may be used as an estimator of mercury contents of as-shipped coal.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0016-2361(98)00112-4","issn":"00162361","usgsCitation":"Toole-O’Neil, B., Tewalt, S., Finkelman, R.B., and Akers, D., 1999, Mercury concentration in coal — Unraveling the puzzle: Fuel, v. 78, no. 1, p. 47-54, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-2361(98)00112-4.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"47","endPage":"54","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":230121,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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Sand lance are both euryhaline and eurythermal, as well as tolerant of reduced oxygen concentrations. The absence of a swim bladder allows this narrow, elongate fish to spend much time buried dormant in intertidal and shallow subtidal substrates, venturing out only to feed or spawn. All <i>Ammodytes</i> species appear to be relatively dormant in the winter and one (<i>A. personatus</i>) also estivates during summer. Copepods are their primary food source, allowing for rapid energy accumulation during secondary production blooms. Life spans range from 3 to 12 years within the genus. Spawning usually occurs in fall or winter (although some species spawn in spring) with the production of demersal, slightly adhesive eggs. Early development is oxygen and temperature dependent. Larval sand lance hatch before spring plankton blooms and have several mechanisms to resist starvation. Density-dependent conditions are common for both adults and juveniles. Sand lance are host to a wide variety of parasites, although prevalence is unclear. Because of their abundance, schooling behavior, energetic content, and size, sand lance are an important forage species throughout their range for a wide variety of marine predators.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":" Sand lance: A review of biology and predator relations and annotated bibliography (USDA Forest Service Research Paper PNW-RP-521)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station","publisherLocation":"Portland, OR","usgsCitation":"Robards, M.D., and Piatt, J.F., 1999, Biology of the genus <i>Ammodytes</i>, the sand lances, chap. <i>of</i>  Sand lance: A review of biology and predator relations and annotated bibliography (USDA Forest Service Research Paper PNW-RP-521), p. 1-16.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"16","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340896,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":340895,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/2934"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"591183dbe4b0e541a03c1ad4","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Robards, Martin D.","contributorId":40148,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robards","given":"Martin","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694362,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Willson, Mary F.","contributorId":27974,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Willson","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694363,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Armstrong, Robert H.","contributorId":71664,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Armstrong","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694364,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Piatt, John F. 0000-0002-4417-5748 jpiatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-5748","contributorId":3025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatt","given":"John","email":"jpiatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":694365,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4}],"authors":[{"text":"Robards, Martin D.","contributorId":40148,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robards","given":"Martin","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Piatt, John F. 0000-0002-4417-5748 jpiatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-5748","contributorId":3025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatt","given":"John","email":"jpiatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":694361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":7000015,"text":"7000015 - 1999 - Geology of the Ocoee Whitewater Center, Cherokee National Forest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:33","indexId":"7000015","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":363,"text":"General Interest Publication","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"Geology of the Ocoee Whitewater Center, Cherokee National Forest","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/7000015","usgsCitation":"U.S. Forest Service, and Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1999, Geology of the Ocoee Whitewater Center, Cherokee National Forest: General Interest Publication, Companion brochure to \"The geologic story of the Ocoee River\", https://doi.org/10.3133/7000015.","productDescription":"Companion brochure to \"The geologic story of the Ocoee River\"","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":131563,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18588,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/ocoee/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e8e4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"U.S. Forest Service","contributorId":128067,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"U.S. Forest Service","id":535078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":96756,"text":"96756 - 1999 - Habitat use and urban influences on bobcat and gray fox","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:03:52","indexId":"96756","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":21,"text":"Thesis"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":28,"text":"Thesis"},"title":"Habitat use and urban influences on bobcat and gray fox","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","language":"English","publisher":"University of California-Davis","publisherLocation":"Davis, CA","usgsCitation":"Howell, J.A., 1999, Habitat use and urban influences on bobcat and gray fox.","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":127159,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7ee4b07f02db648614","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Howell, J. A.","contributorId":27812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howell","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":300201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70184406,"text":"70184406 - 1999 - Multi-year persistence of oil mousse on high energy beaches distant from the Exxon Valdez spill origin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-08T13:12:09","indexId":"70184406","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2676,"text":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multi-year persistence of oil mousse on high energy beaches distant from the Exxon Valdez spill origin","docAbstract":"<p>For at least 5 yr after the Exxon Valdez spill, relatively unweathered oil mousse has persisted on the exposed rocky shores of Shelikof Strait 500 km from Prince William Sound, Alaska. Previously it was thought that oil would be rapidly removed from such geomorphic settings by wave action. Oil mousse persists at sites in Katmai National Park and Preserve (NP&amp;P) where it was stranded high in the intertidal zone under a lag of large boulders. These boulders armor the beach, preventing waves from disturbing the substrate and its included oil. Weathering of this stranded mousse has been slight – mousse sampled in 1989, 1992 and 1994 show negligible changes in polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons compared to 11-day old Exxon Valdez crude. The preservation of this oil is due to its transport as mousse boli whose interiors largely escape weathering, followed by its sheltering in the interstices of boulder-armored beaches. The transport of mousse may allow for the long distance dispersal of less weathered, and hence still toxic oil. Our findings suggest that the low ecological sensitivity ratings previously applied to exposed, rocky shorelines need to be modified. The biological threat posed by oil stranded on the Katmai NP&amp;P coast probably is slight because of its small amount and sequestered state. However, it still possesses the ability to be chemically toxic and could be released through disturbance of the armoring boulders by unusually high wave events.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0025-326X(98)00115-5","usgsCitation":"Irvine, G.V., Mann, D.H., and Short, J.W., 1999, Multi-year persistence of oil mousse on high energy beaches distant from the Exxon Valdez spill origin: Marine Pollution Bulletin, v. 38, no. 7, p. 572-584, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0025-326X(98)00115-5.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"572","endPage":"584","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337089,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Shelikof Strait","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -156.796875,\n              56.9449741808516\n            ],\n            [\n              -151.248779296875,\n              56.9449741808516\n            ],\n            [\n              -151.248779296875,\n              59.226555635719215\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.796875,\n              59.226555635719215\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.796875,\n              56.9449741808516\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"38","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c12663e4b014cc3a3d3517","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Irvine, Gail V. girvine@usgs.gov","contributorId":2368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irvine","given":"Gail","email":"girvine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":681346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mann, Daniel H.","contributorId":67010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mann","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Short, Jeffrey W.","contributorId":26602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Short","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":93817,"text":"93817 - 1999 - Habitat management plan for butterfly species at Effigy Mounds National Historical Site","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:03:57","indexId":"93817","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Habitat management plan for butterfly species at Effigy Mounds National Historical Site","language":"English","publisher":"Iowa State University","publisherLocation":"Ames, IA","usgsCitation":"Mahady, S., and Debinski, D., 1999, Habitat management plan for butterfly species at Effigy Mounds National Historical Site, 10 pp.","productDescription":"10 pp.","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":128276,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db6493c5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mahady, S.","contributorId":98248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahady","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":297977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Debinski, D.","contributorId":19902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Debinski","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":297976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":95309,"text":"95309 - 1999 - Control of exotic species: European wild boar","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:03:55","indexId":"95309","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Control of exotic species: European wild boar","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecosystem Management for Sustainability: Principles and Practices Illustrated by a Regional Biosphere Reserve Cooperative","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"language":"English","publisher":"Lewis Publishers","publisherLocation":"Boca Raton, FL","collaboration":"98-063/SAL","usgsCitation":"Peine, J., and Lancia, R., 1999, Control of exotic species: European wild boar, chap. <i>of</i> Ecosystem Management for Sustainability: Principles and Practices Illustrated by a Regional Biosphere Reserve Cooperative, p. 267-290.","productDescription":"p. 267-290","startPage":"267","endPage":"290","numberOfPages":"24","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":127544,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae6e4b07f02db68b20a","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Peine, J.D.","contributorId":29341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peine","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":505517,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Peine, J.D.","contributorId":29341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peine","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":298857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lancia, R.","contributorId":67442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lancia","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":298858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1000496,"text":"1000496 - 1999 - The effect of temperature and ration size on the growth, body composition, and energy content of juvenile coho salmon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-05T11:12:09","indexId":"1000496","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effect of temperature and ration size on the growth, body composition, and energy content of juvenile coho salmon","docAbstract":"<p>Juvenile (postsmolt) coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kitsuch) were held in fresh water in the laboratory at 5, 10, 15, and 18A?C for 8 weeks and fed freshly thawed, juvenile alewives (Alosa pseudoharengus) at rates equal to 1 and 2 % of their wet body weight/day, and also at the ad libitum or unrestricted ration rate. Most rapid growth in weight (1.2% wet body weight/day) occurred among fish fed the ad libitum ration at 15A?C; growth was most rapid at about 10A?C for fish fed the 2% ration (0.7%/day), and the 1% ration (0.1%/day). Gross conversion efficiency was highest at 10A?C for all three ration levels. Gross body constituents and energy content of the test fish changed with temperature and ration during the study. Growth rate was positively related to lipid, energy content, and ration; lipid and energy content were positively related to water temperature; lipid, energy content, growth rate, ration, and water temperature were negatively related to water content; and protein was not related to any of the test variables. At the end of the study, water (68.7 to 76.4%) and lipid (3.5 to 10.4%) content were more variable than ash (1.8 to 3.1%), carbohydrate (0.1 to 1.9%), and protein (16.9 to 19.4%) content. Energy content of the fish increased with ration and was highest for each ration level at 15A?C.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0380-1330(99)70744-6","usgsCitation":"Edsall, T.A., Frank, A.M., Rottiers, D.V., and Adams, J.V., 1999, The effect of temperature and ration size on the growth, body composition, and energy content of juvenile coho salmon: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 25, no. 2, p. 355-362, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0380-1330(99)70744-6.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"355","endPage":"362","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131539,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a53e4b07f02db62b54e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Edsall, Thomas A.","contributorId":84302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edsall","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":308632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Frank, Anthony M.","contributorId":28922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frank","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rottiers, Donald V.","contributorId":10754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rottiers","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Adams, Jean V. 0000-0002-9101-068X jvadams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9101-068X","contributorId":3140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Jean","email":"jvadams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":308629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":1001762,"text":"1001762 - 1999 - Satellite telemetry--a promising tool for addressing information needs on sandhill cranes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-02T11:13:33","indexId":"1001762","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3732,"text":"Waterfowl","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Satellite telemetry--a promising tool for addressing information needs on sandhill cranes","docAbstract":"Abstract has not been submitted","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Waterfowl","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Krapu, G., and Brandt, D., 1999, Satellite telemetry--a promising tool for addressing information needs on sandhill cranes: Waterfowl, v. 12, no. 1, p. 16-16.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"16","endPage":"16","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130244,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ee4b07f02db5fdbed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Krapu, Gary L.","contributorId":56994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krapu","given":"Gary L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brandt, D.A.","contributorId":67448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brandt","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
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