), perennial plant cover, and structural diversity of perennial plants were evaluated from spring 1994 through winter 1995 at the Desert Tortoise Research Natural Area (DTNA), in the Mojave Desert, California. Abundance and species richness of birds were higher inside than outside the DTNA, and effects were larger during breeding than wintering seasons and during a high than a low rainfall year. Ash-throated flycatchers (Myiarchus cinerascens), cactus wrens (Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus), LeConte's thrashers (Toxostoma lecontei), loggerhead shrikes (Lanius ludovicianus), sage sparrows (Amphispiza belli), and verdins (Auriparus flaviceps) were more abundant inside than outside the DTNA. Nesting activity was also more frequent inside. Total abundance and species richness of lizards and individual abundances of western whiptail lizards (Cnemidophorous tigris) and desert spiny lizards (Sceloporus magister) were higher inside than outside. In contrast, abundance of black-tailed hares was lower inside. Structural diversity of the perennial plant community did not differ due to protection, but cover was 50% higher in protected areas. Black-tailed hares generally prefer areas of low perennial plant cover, which may explain why they were more abundant outside than inside the DTNA. Habitat structure may not affect bird and lizard communities as much as availability of food at this desert site, and the greater abundance and species richness of vertebrates inside than outside the DTNA may correlate with abundances of seeds and invertebrate prey.
A 3 cm diameter mass from the metacarpus of a Puerto Rican Amazon parrot was diagnosed as a granular cell tumour based on light microscopy. The cytoplasmic granules were periodic-acid Schiff positive and diastase resistant. Ultrastructural characteristics of the cells included convoluted nuclei and the presence of numerous cytoplasmic tertiary lysosomes. This is only the second granular cell tumour reported in a bird. We speculate that most granular cell tumours are derived from cells that are engaged in some type of cellular degradative process, creating a similar morphologic appearance, but lacking a uniform histogenesis.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/03079459994597","usgsCitation":"Quist, C., Latimer, K.S., Goldade, S.L., Rivera, A., and Dein, F.J., 1999, Granular cell tumor in an endangered Puerto Rican Amazon parrot (Amazon vittata): Avian Pathology, v. 28, no. 4, p. 345-348, https://doi.org/10.1080/03079459994597.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"345","endPage":"348","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479469,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03079459994597","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":134063,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-06-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db67277f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Quist, Charlotte","contributorId":104436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quist","given":"Charlotte","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Latimer, K. S.","contributorId":103239,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Latimer","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goldade, S. L.","contributorId":87902,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goldade","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rivera, A.","contributorId":28573,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rivera","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dein, F. Joshua fjdein@usgs.gov","contributorId":2772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dein","given":"F.","email":"fjdein@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Joshua","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":313715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70021432,"text":"70021432 - 1999 - Elastic-wave velocity in marine sediments with gas hydrates: Effective medium modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-09T00:00:24.594203","indexId":"70021432","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Elastic-wave velocity in marine sediments with gas hydrates: Effective medium modeling","docAbstract":"We offer a first-principle-based effective medium model for elastic-wave velocity in unconsolidated, high porosity, ocean bottom sediments containing gas hydrate. The dry sediment frame elastic constants depend on porosity, elastic moduli of the solid phase, and effective pressure. Elastic moduli of saturated sediment are calculated from those of the dry frame using Gassmann's equation. To model the effect of gas hydrate on sediment elastic moduli we use two separate assumptions: (a) hydrate modifies the pore fluid elastic properties without affecting the frame; (b) hydrate becomes a component of the solid phase, modifying the elasticity of the frame. The goal of the modeling is to predict the amount of hydrate in sediments from sonic or seismic velocity data. We apply the model to sonic and VSP data from ODP Hole 995 and obtain hydrate concentration estimates from assumption (b) consistent with estimates obtained from resistivity, chlorinity and evolved gas data.
We review recent research on the pathology, ecology, and biogeography of two emerging infectious wildlife diseases, chytridiomycosis and ranaviral disease, in the context of host-parasite population biology. We examine the role of these diseases in the global decline of amphibian populations and propose hypotheses for the origins and impact of these panzootics. Finally, we discuss emerging infectious diseases as a global threat to wildlife populations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi":"10.3201/eid0506.990601","usgsCitation":"Daszak, P., Berger, L., Cunningham, A., Hyatt, A.D., Green, D.E., and Speare, R., 1999, Emerging infectious diseases and amphibian population declines: Emerging Infectious Diseases, v. 5, no. 6, p. 735-748, https://doi.org/10.3201/eid0506.990601.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"735","endPage":"748","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479465,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3201/eid0506.990601","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":131107,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a19e4b07f02db605854","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Daszak, Peter 0000-0002-2046-5695","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2046-5695","contributorId":225374,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Daszak","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7118,"text":"EcoHealth Alliance","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":314660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Berger, Lee","contributorId":28566,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berger","given":"Lee","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cunningham, Andrew A","contributorId":196983,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cunningham","given":"Andrew A","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hyatt, A. D.","contributorId":43714,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hyatt","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Green, D. Earl david_green@usgs.gov","contributorId":75883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Green","given":"D.","email":"david_green@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Earl","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Speare, R.","contributorId":39323,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Speare","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":1003912,"text":"1003912 - 1999 - Establishment and characterization of 13 cell lines from a green turtle (Chelonia mydas) with fibropapillomas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-04T10:02:09","indexId":"1003912","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1978,"text":"In Vitro Cellular and Developmental Biology - Animal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Establishment and characterization of 13 cell lines from a green turtle (Chelonia mydas) with fibropapillomas","docAbstract":"Thirteen cell lines were established and characterized from brain, kidney, lung, spleen, heart, liver, gall bladder, urinary bladder, pancreas, testis, skin, and periorbital and tumor tissues of an immature male green turtle (Chelonia mydas) with fibropapillomas. Cell lines were optimally maintained at 30A? C in RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum. Propagation of the turtle cell lines was serum dependent, and plating efficiencies ranged from 13 to 37%. The cell lines, which have been subcultivated more than 20 times, had a doubling time of approximately 30 to 36 h. When tested for their sensitivity to several fish viruses, most of the cell lines were susceptible to a rhabdovirus, spring viremia carp virus, but refractory to channel catfish virus (a herpesvirus), infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (a birnavirus), and two other fish rhabdoviruses, infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus and viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus. During in vitro subcultivation, tumor-like cell aggregates appeared in cell lines derived from lungs, testis, and periorbital and tumor tissues, and small, naked intranuclear virus particles were detected by thin-section electron microscopy. These cell lines are currently being used in attempts to isolate the putative etiologic virus of green turtle fibropapilloma.","language":"English","publisher":"Society for In Vitro Biology","doi":"10.1007/s11626-999-0113-6","usgsCitation":"Lu, Y., Nerurkar, V., Aguirre, A., Work, T.M., Balazs, G., and Yanagihara, R., 1999, Establishment and characterization of 13 cell lines from a green turtle (Chelonia mydas) with fibropapillomas: In Vitro Cellular and Developmental Biology - Animal, v. 35, no. 7, p. 389-393, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11626-999-0113-6.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"389","endPage":"393","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134230,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ee4b07f02db5fddca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lu, Y.","contributorId":40183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lu","given":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nerurkar, V.R.","contributorId":98282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nerurkar","given":"V.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Aguirre, A.A.","contributorId":107647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aguirre","given":"A.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Work, Thierry M. 0000-0002-4426-9090 thierry_work@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4426-9090","contributorId":1187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Work","given":"Thierry","email":"thierry_work@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":314631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Balazs, G.H.","contributorId":45254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Balazs","given":"G.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Yanagihara, R.","contributorId":91073,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yanagihara","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":1003911,"text":"1003911 - 1999 - The potential role of natural tumor promoters in marine turtle fibropapillomatosis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-04T09:59:15","indexId":"1003911","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2177,"text":"Journal of Aquatic Animal Health","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The potential role of natural tumor promoters in marine turtle fibropapillomatosis","docAbstract":"Fibropapillomatosis (FP) in green turtles Chelonia mydas is a debilitating, neoplastic disease that has reached worldwide epizootic levels. The etiology of FP is unknown but has been linked to oncogenic viruses. Toxic benthic dinoflagellates (Prorocentrum spp.) are not typically considered tumorigenic agents, yet they have a worldwide distribution and produce a tumor promoter, okadaic acid (OA). Prorocentrum spp. are epiphytic on macroalgae and seagrasses that are normal components of green turtle diets. Here we show that green turtles in the Hawaiian Islands consume Prorocentrum and that high-risk FP areas are associated with areas where P. lima and P. concavum are both highly prevalent and abundant. The presence of presumptive OA in the tissues of Hawaiian green turtles further suggests exposure and a potential role for this tumor promoter in the etiology of FP.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1577/1548-8667(1999)011<0199:TPRONT>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Landsberg, J.H., Balazs, G., Steidinger, K., Baden, D., Work, T.M., and Russel, D., 1999, The potential role of natural tumor promoters in marine turtle fibropapillomatosis: Journal of Aquatic Animal Health, v. 11, no. 3, p. 199-210, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8667(1999)011<0199:TPRONT>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"199","endPage":"210","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":135694,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"id\":\"13\",\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Hawaii\",\"nation\":\"USA 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Jan H.","contributorId":24325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landsberg","given":"Jan","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Balazs, G.H.","contributorId":45254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Balazs","given":"G.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Steidinger, K.A.","contributorId":78708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steidinger","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Baden, D.G.","contributorId":60603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baden","given":"D.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Work, Thierry M. 0000-0002-4426-9090 thierry_work@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4426-9090","contributorId":1187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Work","given":"Thierry","email":"thierry_work@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":314626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Russel, D.J.","contributorId":56198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Russel","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70021277,"text":"70021277 - 1999 - Oxidation of methyl halides by the facultative methylotroph strain IMB-1","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-12T18:16:09.584567","indexId":"70021277","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":850,"text":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Oxidation of methyl halides by the facultative methylotroph strain IMB-1","docAbstract":"Washed cell suspensions of the facultative methylotroph strain IMB-1 grown on methyl bromide (MeBr) were able to consume methyl chloride (MeCl) and methyl iodide (MeI) as well as MeBr. Consumption of >100 μM MeBr by cells grown on glucose, acetate, or monomethylamine required induction. Induction was inhibited by chloramphenicol. However, cells had a constitutive ability to consume low concentrations (<20 nM) of MeBr. Glucose-grown cells were able to readily oxidize [14C]formaldehyde to 14CO2 but had only a small capacity for oxidation of [14C]methanol. Preincubation of cells with MeBr did not affect either activity, but MeBr-induced cells had a greater capacity for [14C]MeBr oxidation than did cells without preincubation. Consumption of MeBr was inhibited by MeI, and MeCl consumption was inhibited by MeBr. No inhibition of MeBr consumption occurred with methyl fluoride, propyl iodide, dibromomethane, dichloromethane, or difluoromethane, and in addition cells did not oxidize any of these compounds. Cells displayed Michaelis-Menten kinetics for the various methyl halides, with apparentKs values of 190, 280, and 6,100 nM for MeBr, MeI, and MeCl, respectively. These results suggest the presence of a single oxidation enzyme system specific for methyl halides (other than methyl fluoride) which runs through formaldehyde to CO2. The ease of induction of methyl halide oxidation in strain IMB-1 should facilitate its mass culture for the purpose of reducing MeBr emissions to the atmosphere from fumigated soils.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","doi":"10.1128/AEM.65.11.5035-5041.1999","issn":"00992240","usgsCitation":"Schaefer, J., and Oremland, R., 1999, Oxidation of methyl halides by the facultative methylotroph strain IMB-1: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, v. 65, no. 11, p. 5035-5041, https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.65.11.5035-5041.1999.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"5035","endPage":"5041","costCenters":[{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":489710,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.65.11.5035-5041.1999","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":229823,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"65","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7265e4b0c8380cd76a8f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schaefer, J.K.","contributorId":17256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaefer","given":"J.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Oremland, R.S.","contributorId":97512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oremland","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70021965,"text":"70021965 - 1999 - Neogene contraction between the San Andreas fault and the Santa Clara Valley, San Francisco Bay region, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-24T21:38:04.780637","indexId":"70021965","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2020,"text":"International Geology Review","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Neogene contraction between the San Andreas fault and the Santa Clara Valley, San Francisco Bay region, California","docAbstract":"In the southern San Francisco Bay region of California, oblique dextral reverse faults that verge northeastward from the San Andreas fault experienced triggered slip during the 1989 M7.1 Loma Prieta earthquake. The role of these range-front thrusts in the evolution of the San Andreas fault system and the future seismic hazard that they may pose to the urban Santa Clara Valley are poorly understood.
Based on recent geologic mapping and geophysical investigations, we propose that the range-front thrust system evolved in conjunction with development of the San Andreas fault system. In the early Miocene, the region was dominated by a system of northwestwardly propagating, basin-bounding, transtensional faults. Beginning as early as middle Miocene time, however, the transtensional faulting was superseded by transpressional NE-stepping thrust and reverse faults of the range-front thrust system.
Age constraints on the thrust faults indicate that the locus of contraction has focused on the Monte Vista, Shannon, and Berrocal faults since about 4.8 Ma. Fault slip and fold reconstructions suggest that crustal shortening between the San Andreas fault and the Santa Clara Valley within this time frame is ∼21%, amounting to as much as 3.2 km at a rate of 0.6 mm/yr. Rates probably have not remained constant; average rates appear to have been much lower in the past few 100 ka. The distribution of coseismic surface contraction during the Loma Prieta earthquake, active seismicity, late Pleistocene to Holocene fluvial terrace warping, and geodetic data further suggest that the active range-front thrust system includes blind thrusts. Critical unresolved issues include information on the near-surface locations of buried thrusts, the timing of recent thrust earthquake events, and their recurrence in relation to earthquakes on the San Andreas fault.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/00206819909465130","usgsCitation":"McLaughlin, R.J., Langenheim, V., Schmidt, K., Jachens, R., Stanley, R., Jayko, A.S., McDougall, K., Tinsley, J.C., and Valin, Z., 1999, Neogene contraction between the San Andreas fault and the Santa Clara Valley, San Francisco Bay region, California: International Geology Review, v. 41, no. 1, p. 1-30, https://doi.org/10.1080/00206819909465130.","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"30","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":229639,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Andres Fault","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.464599609375,\n 36.27527883184338\n ],\n [\n -120.91552734375,\n 36.27527883184338\n ],\n [\n -120.91552734375,\n 38.42347008084991\n ],\n [\n -122.464599609375,\n 38.42347008084991\n ],\n [\n -122.464599609375,\n 36.27527883184338\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"41","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6449e4b0c8380cd7296f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McLaughlin, Robert J. 0000-0002-4390-2288 rjmcl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4390-2288","contributorId":1428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McLaughlin","given":"Robert","email":"rjmcl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":391878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Langenheim, V.E. 0000-0003-2170-5213","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2170-5213","contributorId":54956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langenheim","given":"V.E.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":391872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schmidt, K. M. 0000-0003-2365-8035","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2365-8035","contributorId":59830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"K. M.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":391874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jachens, R.C.","contributorId":55433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jachens","given":"R.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":391873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stanley, R. G. 0000-0001-6192-8783","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6192-8783","contributorId":77123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanley","given":"R. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":391877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jayko, A. S. 0000-0002-7378-0330","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7378-0330","contributorId":18011,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jayko","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":391871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McDougall, K. A. 0000-0002-8788-3664","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8788-3664","contributorId":14848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDougall","given":"K. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":391870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Tinsley, J. C.","contributorId":65827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tinsley","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":391875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Valin, Z. C. 0000-0001-6199-6700","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6199-6700","contributorId":75165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valin","given":"Z. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":391876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70021762,"text":"70021762 - 1999 - Post audit of a numerical prediction of wellfield drawdown in a semiconfined aquifer system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-07T00:57:58.622153","indexId":"70021762","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Post audit of a numerical prediction of wellfield drawdown in a semiconfined aquifer system","docAbstract":"A numerical ground water flow model was created in 1978 and revised in 1981 to predict the drawdown effects of a proposed municipal wellfield permitted to withdraw 30 million gallons per day (mgd; 1.1 × 105 m3/day) of water from the semiconfined Floridan Aquifer system. The predictions are based on the assumption that water levels in the semiconfined Floridan Aquifer reach a long-term, steady-state condition within a few days of initiation of pumping. Using this assumption, a 75 day simulation without water table recharge, pumping at the maximum permitted rates, was considered to represent a worst-case condition and the greatest drawdowns that could be experienced during wellfield operation. This method of predicting wellfield effects was accepted by the permitting agency.
For this post audit, observed drawdowns were derived by taking the difference between pre-pumping and post-pumping potentiometric surface levels. Comparison of predicted and observed drawdowns suggests that actual drawdown over a 12 year period exceeds predicted drawdown by a factor of two or more. Analysis of the source of error in the 1981 predictions suggests that the values used for transmissivity, storativity. specific yield, and leakance are reasonable at the wellfield scale. Simulation using actual 1980–1992 pumping rates improves the agreement between predicted and observed drawdowns. The principal source of error is the assumption that water levels in a semiconfined aquifer achieve a steady-state condition after a few days or weeks of pumping. Simulations using a version of the 1981 model modified to include recharge and evapotranspiration suggest that it can take hundreds of days or several years for water levels in the linked Surficial and Floridan Aquifers to reach an apparent steady-state condition, and that slow declines in levels continue for years after the initiation of pumping. While the 1981 “impact” model can be used for reasonably predicting short-term, wellfield-scale effects of pumping, using a 75 day long simulation without recharge to predict the long-term behavior of the wellfield was an inappropriate application, resulting in significant underprediction of wellfield effects.
Precipitation and aggregation of metacinnabar (black HgS) was inhibited in the presence of low concentrations (≥3 mg C/L) of humic fractions of dissolved organic matter (DOM) isolated from the Florida Everglades. At low Hg concentrations (≤5 × 10-8 M), DOM prevented the precipitation of metacinnabar. At moderate Hg concentrations (5 × 10-5 M), DOM inhibited the aggregation of colloidal metacinnabar (Hg passed through a 0.1 μm filter but was removed by centrifugation). At Hg concentrations greater than 5 × 10-4 M, mercury formed solid metacinnabar particles that were removed from solution by a 0.1 μm filter. Organic matter rich in aromatic moieties was preferentially removed with the solid. Hydrophobic organic acids (humic and fulvic acids) inhibited aggregation better than hydrophilic organic acids. The presence of chloride, acetate, salicylate, EDTA, and cysteine did not inhibit the precipitation or aggregation of metacinnabar. Calcium enhanced metacinnabar aggregation even in the presence of DOM, but the magnitude of the effect was dependent on the concentrations of DOM, Hg, and Ca. Inhibition of metacinnabar precipitation appears to be a result of strong DOM-Hg binding. Prevention of aggregation of colloidal particles appears to be caused by adsorption of DOM and electrostatic repulsion.
No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Chelonian Research Foundation","usgsCitation":"Smith, L.L., Bourou, R., Joby, M., and Sibo, C., 1999, Home range and microhabitat use in the angonoka tortoise (Geochelone yniphora) in western Madagascar: Chelonian Conservation and Biology, v. 3, p. 393-400.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"393","endPage":"400","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314768,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56a7555ae4b0b28f1184d843","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, L. L.","contributorId":6791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bourou, Robert","contributorId":152393,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bourou","given":"Robert","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Joby, Mahatoly","contributorId":152517,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Joby","given":"Mahatoly","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sibo, C.","contributorId":152518,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sibo","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70021550,"text":"70021550 - 1999 - How many stakes are required to measure the mass balance of a glacier?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-19T00:56:17.292821","indexId":"70021550","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1768,"text":"Geografiska Annaler, Series A: Physical Geography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"How many stakes are required to measure the mass balance of a glacier?","docAbstract":"Glacier mass balance is estimated for South Cascade Glacier and Maclure Glacier using a one-dimensional regression of mass balance with altitude as an alternative to the traditional approach of contouring mass balance values. One attractive feature of regression is that it can be applied to sparse data sets where contouring is not possible and can provide an objective error of the resulting estimate. Regression methods yielded mass balance values equivalent to contouring methods. The effect of the number of mass balance measurements on the final value for the glacier showed that sample sizes as small as five stakes provided reasonable estimates, although the error estimates were greater than for larger sample sizes. Different spatial patterns of measurement locations showed no appreciable influence on the final value as long as different surface altitudes were intermittently sampled over the altitude range of the glacier. Two different regression equations were examined, a quadratic, and a piecewise linear spline, and comparison of results showed little sensitivity to the type of equation. These results point to the dominant effect of the gradient of mass balance with altitude of alpine glaciers compared to transverse variations. The number of mass balance measurements required to determine the glacier balance appears to be scale invariant for small glaciers and five to ten stakes are sufficient.
Through the use of an extensive data base of geophysical well logs, parasequence-scale subdivisions within a late Paleozoic synorogenic clastic wedge resolve cycles of sequential subsidence of a foreland basin, sediment progradation, subsidence of a carbonate shelf edge, diachronously subsiding discrete depositional centers, and basinwide transgression. Although temporal resolution of biostratigraphic markers is less precise in Paleozoic successions than in younger basins, parasequence-scale subdivisions provide more detailed resolution within marker-defined units in Paleozoic strata. As an example, the late Paleozoic Black Warrior basin in the foreland of the Ouachita thrust belt is filled with a synorogenic clastic wedge, the lower part of which intertongues with the fringe of a cratonic carbonate facies in the distal part of the basin. The stratal geometry of one tongue of the carbonate facies (lower tongue of Bangor Limestone) defines a ramp that grades basinward into a thin black shale. An overlying tongue of the synorogenic clastic wedge (lower tongue of Parkwood Formation) consists of cyclic delta and delta-front deposits, in which parasequences are defined by marine-flooding surfaces above coarsening- and shallowing-upward successions of mudstone and sandstone. Within the lower Parkwood tongue, two genetic stratigraphic sequences (A and B) are defined by parasequence offlap and downlap patterns and are bounded at the tops by basinwide maximum-flooding surfaces. The distribution of parasequences within sequences A and B indicates two cycles of sequential subsidence (deepening) and progradation, suggesting subsidence during thrust advance and progradation during thrust quiescence. Parasequence stacking in sequences A and B also indicates diachronous differential tectonic subsidence of two discrete depositional centers within the basin. The uppermost sequence (C) includes reworked sandstones and an overlying shallow-marine limestone, a vertical succession that reflects no tectonic subsidence, a very minor or null sediment supply, and basinwide transgression. The temporal resolution at parasequence scale significantly improves the resolution of the tectonic history of the thrust belt-foreland basin system.
Duck plague is caused by a herpesvirus. Infection often results in an acute, contagious, and fatal disease. As with many other herpesviruses, duck plague virus can establish inapparent infections in birds that survive exposure to it, a state referred to as latency. During latency, the virus cannot be detected by standard methods for virus isolation. Studies of domestic species of waterfowl have detected multiple strains of the virus that vary in their ability to cause disease and death. Little is known about the response of wild waterfowl to strain differences.
Duck plague outbreaks are thought to be caused when birds that carry the virus shed it through fecal or oral discharge, thus releasing the virus into food and water with which susceptible birds may have contact. Experimental studies have demonstrated spontaneous virus shedding by duck plague carriers during spring. Changes in the duration of daylight and onset of breeding are thought to be physiological stresses that stimulate virus shedding at this time of year. The carriers are immune to the disease, but the virus shed by them causes infection and disease among susceptible waterfowl. Bird-to-bird contact and contact with virus that has contaminated the environment perpetuate an outbreak. Scavenging and decomposition of carcasses of infected birds also contaminate the environment by releasing viruses from tissues and body fluids. Virus transmission through the egg has been reported, but the role of the egg in the disease cycle remains to be resolved.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Field manual of wildlife diseases: General field procedures and diseases of birds","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Friend, M., 1999, Duck plague: Information and Technology Report 1999-0001, 11 p.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"141","endPage":"151","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198627,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":15551,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/itr/1999/field_manual_of_wildlife_diseases.pdf#page=153","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a5ee4b07f02db633b3a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Friend, M. 0000-0002-2882-3629","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2882-3629","contributorId":82634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friend","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70021224,"text":"70021224 - 1999 - Assessing the effects of fire disturbances on ecosystems: A scientific agenda for research and management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-14T17:42:19.69304","indexId":"70021224","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":32,"text":"General Technical Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"PNW-GTR-455","title":"Assessing the effects of fire disturbances on ecosystems: A scientific agenda for research and management","docAbstract":"A team of fire scientists and resource managers convened 17-19 April 1996 in Seattle, Washington, to assess the effects of fire disturbance on ecosystems. Objectives of this workshop were to develop scientific recommendations for future fire research and management activities. These recommendations included a series of numerically ranked scientific and managerial questions and responses focusing on (1) links among fire effects, fuels, and climate; (2) fire as a large-scale disturbance; (3) fire-effects modeling structures; and (4) managerial concerns, applications, and decision support. At the present time, understanding of fire effects and the ability to extrapolate fire effects knowledge to large spatial scales are limited, because most data have been collected at small spatial scales for specific applications. Although we clearly need more large-scale fire-effects data, it will be more expedient to concentrate efforts on improving and linking existing models that simulate fire effects in a georeferenced format while integrating empirical data as they become available. A significant component of this effort should be improved communication between modelers and managers to develop modeling tools to use in a planning context. Another component of this modeling effort should improve our ability to predict the interactions of fire and potential climatic change at very large spatial scales. The priority issues and approaches described here provide a template for fire science and fire management programs in the next decade and beyond.
","language":"English","publisher":"U. S. Forest Service","doi":"10.2737/PNW-GTR-455","usgsCitation":"Schmoldt, D.L., Peterson, D.L., Keane, R.E., Lenihan, J.M., McKenzie, D., Weise, D.R., and Sandberg, D.V., 1999, Assessing the effects of fire disturbances on ecosystems: A scientific agenda for research and management: General Technical Report PNW-GTR-455, 104 p., https://doi.org/10.2737/PNW-GTR-455.","productDescription":"104 p.","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":230099,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ede8e4b0c8380cd49ac6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmoldt, D. L.","contributorId":79077,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schmoldt","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peterson, David L. davep@usgs.gov","contributorId":292421,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peterson","given":"David","email":"davep@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":389132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Keane, Robert E.","contributorId":73930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keane","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lenihan, J. M.","contributorId":44043,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lenihan","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McKenzie, D.","contributorId":34093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKenzie","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Weise, David R.","contributorId":15138,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weise","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Sandberg, D. V.","contributorId":36339,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sandberg","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70021546,"text":"70021546 - 1999 - Standards for assessment of age and growth data for channel catfish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-03T11:11:12.943512","indexId":"70021546","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2299,"text":"Journal of Freshwater Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Standards for assessment of age and growth data for channel catfish","docAbstract":"Standards for the assessment of age and growth data for channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) were developed using published data. A representative set of 102 studies of individual populations from across the geographic range of channel catfish was selected. Percentile values (5, 10, 25, 50, 75, 90, and 95th) were computed from the distribution of estimated mean total lengths for fish three to ten years old. This approach for development of standards to assess data from age and growth studies of fish is proposed for consideration in development of standards for other species in addition to channel catfish.
The Intergovernmental Task Force on Monitoring has suggested studies on ambient (in-stream) and compliance (wastewater) data to determine if monitoring can be reduced locally or nationally. The similarity in temporal trends between retrospective ambient and compliance water-quality data collected from Pool 2 of the Mississippi River, USA, was determined for 1985–1995. Constituents studied included the following trace elements: arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), hexavalent chromium (Cr61), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), nickel (Ni), selenium (Se), zinc (Zn), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Water-column, bed-sediment, and fish-tissue (fillets) data collected by five government agencies comprised the ambient data set; effluent data from five registered facilities comprised the compliance data set. The nonparametric MannKendall trend test indicated that 33% of temporal trends in all data were statistically significant (P , 0.05). Possible reasons for this were low sample sizes, and a high percentage of samples below the analytical detection limit. Trends in compliance data were more distinct; most trace elements decreased significantly, probably due to improvements in wastewater treatment. Seven trace elements (Cr, Cd, Cu, Pb, Hg, Ni, and Zn) had statistically significant decreases in wastewater and portions of either or both ambient water and bed sediment. No trends were found in fish tissue. Inconsistency in trends between ambient and compliance data were often found for individual constituents, making overall similarity between the data sets difficult to determine. Logistical differences in monitoring programs, such as varying field and laboratory methods among agencies, made it difficult to assess ambient temporal trends.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer-Verlag New York","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, United States","doi":"10.1007/s002679900249","issn":"0364152X","usgsCitation":"Anderson, J., and Perry, J., 1999, Comparison of temporal trends in ambient and compliance trace element and PCB data in pool 2 of the Mississippi River, USA, 1985-1995: Environmental Management, v. 24, no. 4, p. 497-507, https://doi.org/10.1007/s002679900249.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"497","endPage":"507","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":230141,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":206534,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object 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]\n}","volume":"24","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f895e4b0c8380cd4d1d8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, J.","contributorId":103437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Perry, J.","contributorId":41173,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perry","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70021614,"text":"70021614 - 1999 - Proterozoic metamorphism and uplift history of the north-central Laramie Mountains, Wyoming, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:40","indexId":"70021614","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2389,"text":"Journal of Metamorphic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Proterozoic metamorphism and uplift history of the north-central Laramie Mountains, Wyoming, USA","docAbstract":"The Laramie Mountains of south-eastern Wyoming contain two metamorphic domains that are separated by the 1.76 Ga. Laramie Peak shear zone (LPSZ). South of the LPSZ lies the Palmer Canyon block, where apatite U-Pb ages are c. 1745 Ma and the rocks have undergone Proterozoic kyanite-grade Barrovian metamorphism. In contrast, in the Laramie Peak block, north of the shear zone, the U-Pb apatite ages are 2.4-2.1 Ga, the granitic rocks are unmetamorphosed and supracrustal rocks record only low-T amphibolite facies metamorphism that is Archean in age. Peak mineral assemblages in the Palmer Canyon block include (a) quartz-biotite-plagioclase-garnet-staurolite-kyanite in the pelitic schists; (b) quartz-biotite-plagioclase-low-Ca amphiboles-kyanite in Mg-Al-rich schists, and locally (c) hornblende-plagioclase-garnet in amphibolites. All rock types show abundant textural evidence of decompression and retrograde re-equilibration. Notable among the texturally late minerals are cordierite and sapphirine, which occur in coronas around kyanite in Mg-Al-rich schists. Thermobarometry from texturally early and late assemblages for samples from different areas within the Palmer Canyon block define decompression from > 7 kbar to < 3 kbar. The high-pressure regional metamorphism is interpreted to be a response to thrusting associated with the Medicine Bow orogeny at c. 1.78-1.76 Ga. At this time, the north-central Laramie Range was tectonically thickened by as much as 12 km. This crustal thickening extended for more than 60 km north of the Cheyenne belt in southern Wyoming. Late in the orogenic cycle, rocks of the Palmer Canyon block were uplifted and unroofed as the result of transpression along the Laramie Peak shear zone to produce the widespread decompression textures. The Proterozoic tectonic history of the central Laramie Range is similar to exhumation that accompanied late-orogenic oblique convergence in many Phanerozoic orogenic belts.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Metamorphic Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1046/j.1525-1314.1999.00201.x","issn":"02634929","usgsCitation":"Patel, S., Frost, B., Chamberlain, K., and Snyder, G.L., 1999, Proterozoic metamorphism and uplift history of the north-central Laramie Mountains, Wyoming, USA: Journal of Metamorphic Geology, v. 17, no. 3, p. 243-258, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1525-1314.1999.00201.x.","startPage":"243","endPage":"258","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":229325,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":206294,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1525-1314.1999.00201.x"}],"volume":"17","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-04-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8f79e4b0c8380cd7f7aa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Patel, S.C.","contributorId":27628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patel","given":"S.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":390484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Frost, B.R.","contributorId":48715,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frost","given":"B.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":390486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chamberlain, K.R.","contributorId":49546,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chamberlain","given":"K.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":390487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Snyder, G. L.","contributorId":34505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snyder","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":390485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70021320,"text":"70021320 - 1999 - Relationships between hydraulic parameters in a small stream under varying flow and seasonal conditions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:51","indexId":"70021320","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relationships between hydraulic parameters in a small stream under varying flow and seasonal conditions","docAbstract":"Twenty conservative tracer injections were carried out in the same reach of a small woodland stream in order to determine how variation in discharge and leaf accumulation affect stream hydraulic parameters. The injections were made at various discharge rates ranging from 2-6 to 40 1/s. Five of the injections were made during late autumn, when there were large accumulations of leaves in the stream. Estimates of hydraulic parameters were made by fitting a transient storage solute transport model to conservative tracer concentration profiles. Velocity increased almost linearly with increasing discharge, indicating a decline in the Darcy friction factor. Dispersion also increased with increasing discharge, especially for the lower flow injections. The relative size of the storage zone was small (???0??1). There was no definable relationship between discharge and the relative storage zone size, but the rates of exchange between the storage zone and the main channel increased markedly with increasing discharge. The presence of large accumulations of leaves had a clear effect on the hydraulic characteristics of the stream, producing much higher friction factors, larger storage zone sizes and lower velocity than would have been predicted by discharge alone. Copyright ?? 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrological Processes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"08856087","usgsCitation":"Hart, D., Mulholland, P.J., Marzolf, E., DeAngelis, D., and Hendricks, S., 1999, Relationships between hydraulic parameters in a small stream under varying flow and seasonal conditions: Hydrological Processes, v. 13, no. 10, p. 1497-1510.","startPage":"1497","endPage":"1510","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":229907,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a7a4e4b0e8fec6cdc520","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hart, D.R.","contributorId":96856,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mulholland, P. J.","contributorId":89081,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mulholland","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Marzolf, E.R.","contributorId":70139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marzolf","given":"E.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"DeAngelis, D.L. 0000-0002-1570-4057","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1570-4057","contributorId":32470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeAngelis","given":"D.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hendricks, S.P.","contributorId":20927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hendricks","given":"S.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70021259,"text":"70021259 - 1999 - Water and sediment characteristics associated with avian botulism outbreaks in wetlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-07-01T15:37:26","indexId":"70021259","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Water and sediment characteristics associated with avian botulism outbreaks in wetlands","docAbstract":"Avian botulism kills thousands of waterbirds annually throughout North America, but management efforts to reduce its effects have been hindered because environmental conditions that promote outbreaks are poorly understood. We measured sediment and water variables in 32 pairs of wetlands with and without a current outbreak of avian botulism. Wetlands with botulism outbreaks had greater percent organic matter (POM) in the sediment (P = 0.088) and lower redox potential in the water (P = 0.096) than paired control wetlands. We also found that pH, redox potential, temperature, and salinity measured just above the sediment-water interface were associated (P ≤ 0.05) with the risk of botulism outbreaks in wetlands, but relations were complex, involving nonlinear and multivariate associations. Regression models indicated that the risk of botulism outbreaks increased when water pH was between 7.5 and 9.0, redox potential was negative, and water temperature was >20°C. Risk declined when redox potential increased (>100), water temperature decreased (10-15°C), pH was <7.5 or >9.0, or salinity was low (<2.0 ppt). Our predictive models could allow managers to assess potential effects of wetland management practices on the risk of botulism outbreaks and to develop and evaluate alternative management strategies to reduce losses from avian botulism.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3802842","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Rocke, T.E., and Samuel, M.D., 1999, Water and sediment characteristics associated with avian botulism outbreaks in wetlands: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 63, no. 4, p. 1249-1260, https://doi.org/10.2307/3802842.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1249","endPage":"1260","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":230101,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":288514,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3802842"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.98046874999999,\n 25.64152637306577\n ],\n [\n -124.98046874999999,\n 49.32512199104001\n ],\n [\n -86.748046875,\n 49.32512199104001\n ],\n [\n -86.748046875,\n 25.64152637306577\n ],\n [\n -124.98046874999999,\n 25.64152637306577\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"63","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc7a4e4b08c986b32c565","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rocke, Tonie E. 0000-0003-3933-1563 trocke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3933-1563","contributorId":2665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rocke","given":"Tonie","email":"trocke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":389246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Samuel, Michael D. msamuel@usgs.gov","contributorId":1419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Samuel","given":"Michael","email":"msamuel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":389245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70021514,"text":"70021514 - 1999 - Efficacy of hydrogen peroxide for treating saprolegniasis in channel catfish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-01T00:50:49.437293","indexId":"70021514","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2177,"text":"Journal of Aquatic Animal Health","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Efficacy of hydrogen peroxide for treating saprolegniasis in channel catfish","docAbstract":"The efficacy of hydrogen peroxide to control mortality associated with saprolegniasis in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) eggs was evaluated at the Lost Valley State Fish Hatchery (Warsaw, MO). Two efficacy trials were conducted. In Trial 1, channel catfish eggs in their natural gelatinous matrix were treated with hydrogen peroxide at 0, 500, and 750 mg l−1. Channel catfish eggs in Trial 2 had the gelatinous matrix removed before treatment with hydrogen peroxide at 0 and 500 mg l−1. Each treatment regimen was tested in triplicate and each egg jar contained ∼17,400 eggs. Hydrogen peroxide was administered as a 15-min flow-through treatment applied once daily for a total of six applications. Control jars were similarly treated with culture water. Samples of exposure water were collected during each treatment and analyzed to verify actual treatment concentrations. Hydrogen peroxide treatment efficacy was assessed by comparing the percent egg hatch in the treatment group to the untreated control group in each trial. Mean percent hatch in Trial 1 was 44% (control), 54% (500 mg l−1), and 69% (750 mg l−1). Hydrogen peroxide treatment at either 500 or 750 mg l−1 significantly (P<0.01) increased the percent hatch compared to the untreated control group. In Trial 2, hydrogen peroxide treatment at 500 mg l−1 significantly (P<0.01) increased the percent egg hatch (67%) relative to the untreated controls (57%). Hydrogen peroxide treatment reduced egg mortality and increased the percent hatch of channel catfish eggs regardless of whether eggs were incubated in the gelatinous matrix or without the matrix in comparison to the untreated control.